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BA Thesis an Overview of Stereotyped Portrayals of LGBT+ People In
BA thesis in Japanese Language and Culture An Overview of Stereotyped Portrayals of LGBT+ People in Japanese Fiction and Literature Analysis of the historical evolution and commercialization of BL and yuri genres, and social practice of its consumer culture Bára B.S. Jóhannesdóttir Supervisor Kristín Ingvarsdóttir May 2021 FACULTY OF LANGUAGES AND CULTURES Háskóli Íslands Hugvísindasvið Japanskt Mál og Menning An Overview of Stereotyped Portrayals of LGBT+ People in Japanese Fiction and Literature Analysis of the historical evolution and commercialization of BL and yuri genres, and social practice of its consumer culture Ritgerð til BA-prófs 10 ECTS Bára B.S. Jóhannesdóttir Kt.: 210496-2039 Leiðbeinandi: Kristín Ingvarsdóttir Maí 2021 1 Abstract This essay will explore the history of the portrayal of LGBT+ people in Japanese fiction, starting from The Tale of Genji, a novel from the early 11th century that is widely considered to be the first classic in history, and to the proper establishment of what is known as the BL (boys’ love) and yuri genres. BL, as the name suggests, is a genre that features the relationship between two male characters, usually in a romantic and/or sexual nature, while yuri is between two female characters. There will be a short examination of LGBT+ portrayal in historical literary works and art before moving onto a more detailed recounting of modern fiction and television. Some ancient literature will be reviewed, comparing real-life societal norms to their fictional counterparts. The focus will mainly be on the introduction of the BL genre, the historical evolution of it, the commercial start of it, the main components that make up the genre, and why it is as popular as it is, a well as an examination of the culture surrounding the fans of the genre. -
“Down the Rabbit Hole: an Exploration of Japanese Lolita Fashion”
“Down the Rabbit Hole: An Exploration of Japanese Lolita Fashion” Leia Atkinson A thesis presented to the Faculty of Graduate and Post-Doctoral Studies in the Program of Anthropology with the intention of obtaining a Master’s Degree School of Sociology and Anthropology Faculty of Social Sciences University of Ottawa © Leia Atkinson, Ottawa, Canada, 2015 Abstract An ethnographic work about Japanese women who wear Lolita fashion, based primarily upon anthropological field research that was conducted in Tokyo between May and August 2014. The main purpose of this study is to investigate how and why women wear Lolita fashion despite the contradictions surrounding it. An additional purpose is to provide a new perspective about Lolita fashion through using interview data. Fieldwork was conducted through participant observation, surveying, and multiple semi-structured interviews with eleven women over a three-month period. It was concluded that women wear Lolita fashion for a sense of freedom from the constraints that they encounter, such as expectations placed upon them as housewives, students or mothers. The thesis provides a historical chapter, a chapter about fantasy with ethnographic data, and a chapter about how Lolita fashion relates to other fashions as well as the Cool Japan campaign. ii Acknowledgements Throughout the carrying out of my thesis, I have received an immense amount of support, for which I am truly thankful, and without which this thesis would have been impossible. I would particularly like to thank my supervisor, Vincent Mirza, as well as my committee members Ari Gandsman and Julie LaPlante. I would also like to thank Arai Yusuke, Isaac Gagné and Alexis Truong for their support and advice during the completion of my thesis. -
The Pillow Book and Flower Tales, Past and Future
Reading Girls’ Agency: The Pillow Book and Flower Tales, Past and Future Yu Umehara, University of Tsukuba, Japan The Asian Conference on Cultural Studies 2018 Official Conference Proceedings Abstract The topic of this paper emerged from a deceptively simple question: when and why did the linkage between girlhood and same-sex love emerge in Japanese culture? Ostensibly, the answer is clear. Flower Tales (Hana Monogatari) (1916–1924) was a serialized girls’ magazine by the popular Japanese writer Yoshiya Nobuko; the novel featured flowers and romantic same-sex friendships coupled with Nobuko’s depictions of a mutual crush. Dubbed as “S” (meaning sisterhood), such relationships captured the imagination of Japanese schoolgirls. Yoshiya claims, rather anachronistically, that it is often overlooked that that the tradition of girlish sentiments that unfold in Flower Tales originates in The Pillow Book by Sei Shonagon during the 10th century. In fact, at the time of her writing during the 1910s and 1920s, Sei Shonagon was reevaluated—or devaluated—as a “new woman” in literary circles, whereas Lady Murasaki was universally celebrated as a good female writer. This paper reconsiders the cultural work of Flower Tales by situating it across space and time. I argue that the linkage between flowers and lesbianism in Flower Tales emerged not simply as a reaction to patriarchal heterosexism or the new science of sexology but was informed by a female rereading of The Pillow Book. Thus, Flower Tales reshapes the past in a way that it reshapes the future. Moreover, I will discuss the crucial role that horticultural education and science education played in the lives of Japanese schoolgirls, to explore the function of flowers in Flower Tales. -
The Vitality and Resilience of Inherited Japanese Houses -100 Years of Shimizu-Gumi Houses-
The Vitality and Resilience of Inherited Japanese Houses -100 Years of Shimizu-gumi Houses- Preface Since its foundation in 1804, residential architecture had been one of the primary business focuses for Shimizu-gumi, the present Shimizu Corporation. Many books have been published to showcase its works, such as Sekkei zushū, jūtaku no maki, ji 1907 nen shi 1923 nen (Drawing collection: house, from 1907 to 1923) and Sekkei zushū, shitsunai narabini kagu dentō no maki, ji 1909 nen shi 1913 nen (Drawing collection: interior, furniture and lighting, from 1909 to 1913). These books feature painted drawings of large houses, which could be considered mansions in the Western sense, designed and built by Shimizu-gumi, and include plans, elevations, development plans, and illustrations of furniture. The books enable the reader to visualize many aspects of mansions in the Meiji era (1868-1912) and Taisho era (1912-1926,) and to understand how these mansions were significant as elements of urban culture. Additionally, an academic work based on these earlier texts was published to commemorate the 60th anniversary of the Housing Research Foundation JUSOKEN: Meiji/Taisho no teitaku, Shimizu-gumi sakusei saishiki-zu no sekai (Mansions in Meiji and Taisho, the world of colored drawings created by Shimizu-gumi, Kashiwashobo, 2009, currently unavailable). This book is the product of joint research by “Shimizu Kensetsu Teitaku Shiryō Kenkyūkai” (Shimizu Corporation Mansion Document Study Group, 2004 to 2009) in the “Jūtaku Shiryō Iinkai” (Committee for historical materials about houses) of Jusoken. For the next phase of study, surveys and research on Jūtaku kenchiku zushū (Residential architecture catalog, 1st volume: 1935, 2nd volume: 1939) should be conducted. -
Samuel Filipe Gomes Pascoal
Samuel Filipe Gomes Pascoal A Espada e o Crisântemo: para uma aproximação ao Nō Moderno em Yukio Mishima Dissertação realizada no âmbito do Mestrado em Estudos de Teatro, orientada pela Professora Doutora Isabel Morujão Faculdade de Letras da Universidade do Porto Setembro de 2015 A Espada e o Crisântemo: para uma aproximação ao Nō Moderno em Yukio Mishima Samuel Filipe Gomes Pascoal Dissertação realizada no âmbito do Mestrado em Estudos de Teatro, orientada pela Professora Doutora Isabel Morujão Membros do Júri Professor Doutor Jorge Deserto Faculdade de Letras - Universidade do Porto Professora Doutora Alexandra Moreira da Silva Université Sorbonne Nouvelle – Paris III Dra. Reiko Kikuchi (na qualidade de especialista em língua japonesa) Faculdade de Letras - Universidade do Porto Professora Doutora Isabel Morujão Faculdade de Letras – Universidade do Porto Classificação obtida: 19 (dezanove) valores À minha avó materna, Maria da Glória de Jesus, que, à semelhança da própria avó materna de Mishima, me legou a sua paixão e inclinação para o teatro, bem como outros tantos valores humanos. E, ainda, à memória de Manuela Guerra, um crisântemo de espada em riste. Índice Agradecimentos…………………………………………………………………….........9 Resumo………………………………………………………………………………....12 Abstract………………………………………………….…………………………..… 13 Introdução: razões para uma abordagem a Yukio Mishima e ao seu Nō Moderno I. A origem do fascínio………………………………………………………….14 II. Renovar repertórios dramatúrgicos: o Oriente………………………………. 15 III. Aproximação a Mishima: do texto à cena……………………………………16 A ESPADA 1. Yukio Mishima: uma vida em mise-en-scène .............................................................. 19 2. Shingeki: um novo e complexo capítulo na história do teatro japonês ........................ 28 3. Um teatro que se escreve ao ser vivido 3.1 O teatro vivido: a personificação da máscara……………………………….34 3.2 O teatro escrito: o eremita e o antídoto da imortalidade…………………….40 4. -
Servant Characters in Twentieth Century Japanese Literature
Serving Stories: Servant Characters in Twentieth Century Japanese Literature by Kristin Leigh Sivak A thesis submitted in conformity with the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Department of East Asian Studies University of Toronto © Copyright by Kristin Leigh Sivak 2020 Serving Stories: Servant Characters in Twentieth Century Japanese Literature Kristin Leigh Sivak Doctor of Philosophy Department of East Asian Studies University of Toronto 2020 Abstract While the servants who appear in twentieth-century Japanese literature are often minor characters, they are far from insignificant. Rather, these servant characters in fact play a vital role in the narrative discourse seemingly out of proportion with the attention that their class, gender, and employment status—as well as a surface reading of the story—might lead us to expect. By exploring some of the different kinds of structural ‘work’ they do, then, as well as the ways in which their very literary nature grants them a degree of authority beyond that of their real-life corollaries, this dissertation aims to construct a narrative about a type of character whose impact on literary fiction well exceeds the bounds of the textual space they occupy. With this in mind, I take up an examination of servant characters in the works of three canonical authors who themselves experienced life with servants, Natsume Sōseki (1867-1916), Tanizaki Jun’ichirō (1886-1965), and Mishima Yukio (1925-1970). An analysis of servant characters offers an opportunity to explore issues of representation, power, and authority in modern Japanese fiction. From the ethical question of how to acknowledge those we cannot speak for, to examining the connections between domestic spaces and literary spaces, to uncovering the latent power of traditionally undervalued forms of labor, ii this dissertation proposes a narratological examination of the role of servants in twentieth- century Japanese fiction as a means for rethinking questions of representation and the plurality of perspectives in literature. -
Victorian Maidens and Sugar Sweet Cuties Donning Japanese Street Fashion in Japan and North America
Western University Scholarship@Western Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository 12-12-2012 12:00 AM Maiden’s Fashion As Eternal Becomings: Victorian Maidens and Sugar Sweet Cuties Donning Japanese Street Fashion in Japan and North America An Nguyen The University of Western Ontario Supervisor Dr. Regna Darnell The University of Western Ontario Graduate Program in Anthropology A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the equirr ements for the degree in Doctor of Philosophy © An Nguyen 2012 Follow this and additional works at: https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/etd Part of the Social and Cultural Anthropology Commons Recommended Citation Nguyen, An, "Maiden’s Fashion As Eternal Becomings: Victorian Maidens and Sugar Sweet Cuties Donning Japanese Street Fashion in Japan and North America" (2012). Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository. 1042. https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/etd/1042 This Dissertation/Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by Scholarship@Western. It has been accepted for inclusion in Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository by an authorized administrator of Scholarship@Western. For more information, please contact [email protected]. MAIDEN’S FASHION AS ETERNAL BECOMINGS: VICTORIAN MAIDENS AND SUGAR SWEET CUTIES DONNING JAPANESE STREET FASHION IN JAPAN AND NORTH AMERICA (Spine title: Maiden’s Fashion As Eternal Becomings) (Monograph) by An Nguyen Graduate Program in Anthropology A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy The School of Graduate and Postdoctoral Studies The University of Western Ontario London, Ontario, Canada © An Nguyen 2012 THE UNIVERSITY OF WESTERN ONTARIO School of Graduate and Postdoctoral Studies CERTIFICATE OF EXAMINATION Supervisor Examiners ______________________________ ______________________________ Dr. -
Beautiful and Innocent Female Same-Sex Intimacy in the Japanese Yuri Genre
Beautiful and Innocent Female Same-Sex Intimacy in the Japanese Yuri Genre Verena Maser Dissertation aus dem Fachbereich II: Sprach-, Literatur- und Medienwissenschaften der Universität Trier (überarbeitete Fassung) Fach: Japanologie Datum der Disputatio: 27.9.2013 ii In memory of my grandfather Gottlob Maser iii Table of Contents List of Illustrations and Tables iv Acknowledgments v Note on Language vii Introduction. A Lily Is a Lily Is… No Lily? 1 Chapter 1. The Yuri Genre as Site of a Discursive Struggle 9 Part I. Content of the Yuri Genre 31 Chapter 2. “Sisterhood” before World War II: Hana monogatari and Otome no minato 32 Chapter 3. From Esu to Distress: Shīkuretto rabu and Shiroi heya no futari 49 Chapter 4. Fans’ Imagination Galore: Bishōjo senshi Sailor Moon 63 Chapter 5. The Monumental Text: Maria-sama ga miteru 76 Chapter 6. Developments in the Yuri Genre after 2003 92 Part II. Producing Yuri Manga 104 Chapter 7. The Yuri Manga Market in Japan 105 Chapter 8. Interviews with Japanese Manga Magazine Editors 113 Part III. Reception of the Yuri Genre 132 Chapter 9. Characteristics of the Yuri Genre’s Fandom in Japan 133 Chapter 10. Online Survey among the Fans of the Yuri Genre in Japan 141 Conclusion. Yuri at the Crossroads 159 References 163 iv List of Illustrations and Tables Figure 1. Structure of the Yamayurikai (compiled by the author) 78 Table 1. Websites from which Respondents Originated 141 Table 2. Valid Responses 142 Table 3. Respondents’ Age 144 Table 4. Respondent’s Top Five Yuri Titles by “Sexual Identity” 146 Table 5. -
Boys' Love for the Love of It: Progressive Prosumers and The
Boys’ Love for the Love of it: Progressive Prosumers and the Proliferation of Queer Culture through Manga Antonija Cavcic BA (Hons) in Communication and Cultural Studies Master of Arts in English Studies Image courtesy of Carolina Reyes (2017) This dissertation is presented for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at Murdoch University, 2017 School of Arts Murdoch University, Perth, Western Australia I declare that this thesis is my own account of my research and contains as its main content work which has not previously been submitted for a degree at any tertiary education institution. In addition, I confirm that the fieldwork conducted for the purpose of this thesis was approved by the Human Ethics Committee at Murdoch University. Permit Number: 2013/133. Permit Title: Dōjin and Fujoshi Culture. .................................... Antonija Cavcic ii ABSTRACT Boys’ love (BL) manga (as a genre of Japanese comics) with either homoerotic or homosocial graphics and content, is largely produced by and for female readers. Much like the audacious women writers in Victorian Britain, these amateur female BL artists (dōjin) and their respective consumers in Japan have arguably empowered themselves as a subcultural community, as well as the represented LGBT community, through progressive and often radical means. Although much scholarly attention has focused on the readers’ gratifications and why BL has such a large female readership, little attention has been given to how, or the extent to which, the popularity of BL manga has potentially fostered LGBT visibility; or to the illustrators who have continued to independently publish such content at their own expense. Essenitally, I analyse the positive socio-economic effects and greater significance which lie in autonomous authorship, exclusive fan rituals, and their potential by-product of progression towards equality in terms of gender and sexuality. -
Osaka University Knowledge Archive : OUKA
Title Virtual Japanese : Enigmas of Role Language Author(s) Kinsui, Satoshi Citation Issue Date 2017-11 Text Version publisher URL http://hdl.handle.net/11094/67215 DOI rights Copyright © Satoshi Kinsui, 2003 Note Osaka University Knowledge Archive : OUKA https://ir.library.osaka-u.ac.jp/ Osaka University Osaka University West Front, 2-7 Yamadaoka, Suita-shi, Osaka, Japan 565-0871 Published in Japan by Osaka University Press First published 2017 Virtual Japanese: Enigmas of Role Language by Satoshi Kinsui Copyright © Satoshi Kinsui, 2003 Original Japanese edition published by Iwanami Shoten, Publishers, Tokyo English translation copyright © Osaka University Press All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be translated, reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, recording, or information storage and retrieval systems, without permission in writing from the publisher. ISBN 978-4-87259-548-2 iii Acknowledgements This book is an English translation of Iwanami Shoten’s Vācharu Nihongo: Yakuwarigo no Nazo (Virtual Japanese: Enigmas of Role Language), published in January 2003. As of January 2016, the Japanese version has had 14 printruns and has sold approximately 14,000 copies. Role language is a concept that was created by the author and was used for the first time in Kinsui, Satoshi (2000) “Yakuwarigo tankyū no teian” (A proposal of the research of role language) (Satō, Kiyoji (ed.) Kokugoshi no Shin-shiten (A New Perspective on the History of Japanese), Kokugo Ronkyū 8, pp. 331–351, Meiji Shoin). This concept came to be widely known within and outside of academia after the original 2003 publication. -
Gradu05253.Pdf (804.7Kt)
Siina Vieri Seksuaalisisältöisen mangan valinnasta, sijainnista ja luetteloinnista yleisissä kirjastoissa Tampereen yliopisto Informaatiotieteiden yksikkö Informaatiotutkimus ja interaktiivinen media Pro gradu-tutkielma Kesäkuu 2011 TAMPEREEN YLIOPISTO Informaatiotieteiden yksikkö VIERI, SIINA: Aah, kimochi!: Seksuaalisisältöisen mangan valinnasta, sijainnista ja luetteloinnista yleisissä kirjastoissa Pro gradu -tutkielma, 109 s. + 6 liitesivua Informaatiotutkimus ja interaktiivinen media Kesäkuu 2011 ______________________________________________________________________________ Tutkimuksen tarkoituksena oli tarkastella seksuaalisisältöistä mangaa, mitä se on ja kuinka sitä kirjastoissa käsitellään. Tutkimuksessa avattiin mangan ”kääntöpuolta” ja verrattiin sitä muuhun seksuaalisisältöiseen sarjakuvaan, kirjallisuuteen ja taiteeseen. Pääpaino oli pyrkiä tarjoamaan toimivia käytäntöjä kirjastoille siitä, miten materiaalin valinta, sijainti ja luettelointi olisi suoritettava, jotta kirjastot kantaisivat vastuunsa ja palvelisivat asiakkaita parhaalla mahdollisella tavalla. Lopuksi pohdittiin myös vuoden 2003 Dragon Ball -pedofiliakohua ja sitä kuinka uusi moraalinen paniikki voidaan välttää, kun huomioidaan seksuaalisisältöisen mangan valinta, sijainti ja luettelointi kirjastoissa. Tutkimuksen aineistona oli PIKI- ja HelMet-verkkokirjastojen tietokannat ja niistä erityisesti luettelointitiedot ja asiasanoitus. Näiden lisäksi tutkimuksen menetelminä oli fyysinen havainnointi miten seksuaalisisältöinen manga on järjestetty eri kirjastoissa -
DIJ Newsletter DIJ Interdisciplinary Japanese Studies on Site
44 | November 2011 DIJ Newsletter DIJ Interdisciplinary Japanese Studies On Site Sayonara, nuclear energy? The largest anti-nuclear demonstra- tion after the reactor catastrophe at the Fukushima Daiichi plant took place in Tokyo on September 19. According to the event’s organizers, approximately 60,000 people participated in the dem- onstration. Nobel laureate Kenzaburō Ōe, author Keiko Ochai, the journal- ists Katsuto Uchihashi and Satoshi Kamata, as well as various NGOs and unions had called on the people to take part in the demonstration in downtown Tokyo calling on the government to phase out nuclear energy. C.W. Energy policy to see major change? In contrast to the annual coming supported the long-term reduction of New cooperation with and going of prime ministers – only Japan’s dependence on nuclear power. recently Yoshihiko Noda succeeded He has also proposed to increase the the Center for Japanese Naoto Kan – Japan’s energy policy has share of renewable energy sources Studies of the Univer- traditionally been characterized by its from 9% to 20% by the 2020s. How- sity of Hawai’i at Mānoa consistency. The government regarded ever, unlike Kan, he has not commit- The German Institute for nuclear energy as a safe, cost-effective ted to completely phasing out nuclear Japanese Studies (DIJ) has and environmentally friendly energy energy, arguing that Japan would still entered into an agreement source. Accordingly, the share of have to depend on it to some degree on academic collaboration nuclear energy in the country’s energy until 2030. Moreover, he wants to con- with the Center for Japanese mix was set to rise from 30% to 50% tinue exporting nuclear power plants.