Manipulation by Tridemorph, a Systemic Fungicide, of The
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ATP-Citrate Lyase Has an Essential Role in Cytosolic Acetyl-Coa Production in Arabidopsis Beth Leann Fatland Iowa State University
Iowa State University Capstones, Theses and Retrospective Theses and Dissertations Dissertations 2002 ATP-citrate lyase has an essential role in cytosolic acetyl-CoA production in Arabidopsis Beth LeAnn Fatland Iowa State University Follow this and additional works at: https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/rtd Part of the Molecular Biology Commons, and the Plant Sciences Commons Recommended Citation Fatland, Beth LeAnn, "ATP-citrate lyase has an essential role in cytosolic acetyl-CoA production in Arabidopsis " (2002). Retrospective Theses and Dissertations. 1218. https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/rtd/1218 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Iowa State University Capstones, Theses and Dissertations at Iowa State University Digital Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Retrospective Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Iowa State University Digital Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. ATP-citrate lyase has an essential role in cytosolic acetyl-CoA production in Arabidopsis by Beth LeAnn Fatland A dissertation submitted to the graduate faculty in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY Major: Plant Physiology Program of Study Committee: Eve Syrkin Wurtele (Major Professor) James Colbert Harry Homer Basil Nikolau Martin Spalding Iowa State University Ames, Iowa 2002 UMI Number: 3158393 INFORMATION TO USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. Broken or indistinct print, colored or poor quality illustrations and photographs, print bleed-through, substandard margins, and improper alignment can adversely affect reproduction. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. -
Overexpression of Key Sterol Pathway Enzymes in Two Model Marine
bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.07.30.228171; this version posted July 30, 2020. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license. 1 Overexpression of key sterol pathway enzymes in two model 2 marine diatoms alters sterol profiles in Phaeodactylum 3 tricornutum 4 Ana Cristina Jaramillo-Madrid1, Raffaela Abbriano1, Justin Ashworth1, Michele Fabris1,2, 5 Peter J. Ralph1 6 1Climate Change Cluster, University of Technology Sydney, Australia, NSW 2007 7 2CSIRO Synthetic Biology Future Science Platform, GPO Box 2583, Brisbane, QLD 4001 8 Abstract 9 Sterols are a class of triterpenoid molecules with diverse functional roles in eukaryotic cells, 10 including intracellular signaling and regulation of cell membrane fluidity. Diatoms are a 11 dominant eukaryotic phytoplankton group that produce a wide diversity of sterol compounds. 12 The enzymes 3-hydroxy-3-methyl glutaryl CoA reductase (HMGR) and squalene epoxidase 13 (SQE) have been reported to be rate-limiting steps in sterol biosynthesis in other model 14 eukaryotes; however, the extent to which these enzymes regulate triterpenoid production in 15 diatoms is not known. To probe the role of these two metabolic nodes in the regulation of 16 sterol metabolic flux in diatoms, we independently over-expressed two versions of the native 17 HMGR and a conventional, heterologous SQE gene in the diatoms Thalassiosira pseudonana 18 and Phaeodactylum tricornutum. Overexpression of these key enzymes resulted in significant 19 differential accumulation of downstream sterol pathway intermediates in P. -
Nutritional Value, Applications, and Health Benefits
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health Review Sea Buckthorn in Plant Based Diets. An Analytical Approach of Sea Buckthorn Fruits Composition: Nutritional Value, Applications, and Health Benefits Anca-Mihaela Gâtlan * and Gheorghe Gutt Food Engineering Faculty, “S, tefan cel Mare” University, 720229 Suceava, Romania; g.gutt@fia.usv.ro * Correspondence: anca.gatlan@fia.usv.ro; Tel.: +40-747-532-695 Abstract: Current nutritional trends include plant-based diets as nutritional behavior of consumers who are increasingly concerned about a healthy lifestyle. Sea buckthorn (Hippophaë rhamnoides L.) is a plant with great virtues, containing more than 100 types of compounds. It is a plant with versatile properties, multiple economic advantages and a rich history, which still continues in natural medicine, and it is hence included in the daily diet by more and more people for the prevention and treatment of diet-related diseases. Its uniqueness is due to its chemical composition and the health beneficial properties that rise from its composition. This review is a detailed analytical picture of the current state of knowledge currently available regarding the Hippophaë plant, providing an overview of the qualities of sea buckthorn. This article summarizes data on sea buckthorn’s nutritional value, health beneficial properties, and its applications. Keywords: Hippophaë rhamnoides; sea buckthorn; plant-based diet; analytical characterization; nutri- Citation: Gâtlan, A.-M.; Gutt, G. Sea tional value; applications; health beneficial properties Buckthorn in Plant Based Diets. An Analytical Approach of Sea Buckthorn Fruits Composition: Nutritional Value, Applications, and Health Benefits. Int. J. Environ. Res. 1. Introduction Public Health 2021, 18, 8986. -
Metabolism of Cyclopropane Fatty Acids by Tetrahymena Pyriformis Najah M
Iowa State University Capstones, Theses and Retrospective Theses and Dissertations Dissertations 1973 Metabolism of cyclopropane fatty acids by Tetrahymena pyriformis Najah M. Al-Shathir Iowa State University Follow this and additional works at: https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/rtd Part of the Biochemistry Commons Recommended Citation Al-Shathir, Najah M., "Metabolism of cyclopropane fatty acids by Tetrahymena pyriformis " (1973). Retrospective Theses and Dissertations. 4989. https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/rtd/4989 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Iowa State University Capstones, Theses and Dissertations at Iowa State University Digital Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Retrospective Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Iowa State University Digital Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. INFORMATION TO USERS This material was produced from a microfilm copy of the original document. While the most advanced technological means to photograph and reproduce this document have been used, the quality is heavily dspendent upon the quality of the original submitted. The following explanation of techniques is provided to help you understand markings or patterns which may appear on this reproduction. 1. The sign or "target" for pages apparently lacking from the document photographed is "Missing Page(s)". If it was possible to obtain the missing page(s) or section, they are spliced into the film along with adjacent pages. This may have necessitated cutting thru an image and duplicating adjacent pages to insure you complete continuity. 2. When an image on the film is obliterated with a large round black mark, it is an indication that the photographer suspected that the copy may have moved during exposure and thus cause a blurred image. -
(12) United States Patent (10) Patent No.: US 8,486,374 B2 Tamarkin Et Al
USOO8486374B2 (12) United States Patent (10) Patent No.: US 8,486,374 B2 Tamarkin et al. (45) Date of Patent: Jul. 16, 2013 (54) HYDROPHILIC, NON-AQUEOUS (56) References Cited PHARMACEUTICAL CARRIERS AND COMPOSITIONS AND USES U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS 1,159,250 A 11/1915 Moulton 1,666,684 A 4, 1928 Carstens (75) Inventors: Dov Tamarkin, Maccabim (IL); Meir 1924,972 A 8, 1933 Beckert Eini, Ness Ziona (IL); Doron Friedman, 2,085,733. A T. 1937 Bird Karmei Yosef (IL); Alex Besonov, 2,390,921 A 12, 1945 Clark Rehovot (IL); David Schuz. Moshav 2,524,590 A 10, 1950 Boe Gimzu (IL); Tal Berman, Rishon 2,586.287 A 2/1952 Apperson 2,617,754 A 1 1/1952 Neely LeZiyyon (IL); Jorge Danziger, Rishom 2,767,712 A 10, 1956 Waterman LeZion (IL); Rita Keynan, Rehovot (IL); 2.968,628 A 1/1961 Reed Ella Zlatkis, Rehovot (IL) 3,004,894 A 10/1961 Johnson et al. 3,062,715 A 11/1962 Reese et al. 3,067,784. A 12/1962 Gorman (73) Assignee: Foamix Ltd., Rehovot (IL) 3,092.255. A 6, 1963 Hohman 3,092,555 A 6, 1963 Horn 3,141,821 A 7, 1964 Compeau (*) Notice: Subject to any disclaimer, the term of this 3,142,420 A 7/1964 Gawthrop patent is extended or adjusted under 35 3,144,386 A 8/1964 Brightenback U.S.C. 154(b) by 1180 days. 3,149,543 A 9, 1964 Naab 3,154,075 A 10, 1964 Weckesser 3,178,352 A 4, 1965 Erickson (21) Appl. -
Generate Metabolic Map Poster
Authors: Zheng Zhao, Delft University of Technology Marcel A. van den Broek, Delft University of Technology S. Aljoscha Wahl, Delft University of Technology Wilbert H. Heijne, DSM Biotechnology Center Roel A. Bovenberg, DSM Biotechnology Center Joseph J. Heijnen, Delft University of Technology An online version of this diagram is available at BioCyc.org. Biosynthetic pathways are positioned in the left of the cytoplasm, degradative pathways on the right, and reactions not assigned to any pathway are in the far right of the cytoplasm. Transporters and membrane proteins are shown on the membrane. Marco A. van den Berg, DSM Biotechnology Center Peter J.T. Verheijen, Delft University of Technology Periplasmic (where appropriate) and extracellular reactions and proteins may also be shown. Pathways are colored according to their cellular function. PchrCyc: Penicillium rubens Wisconsin 54-1255 Cellular Overview Connections between pathways are omitted for legibility. Liang Wu, DSM Biotechnology Center Walter M. van Gulik, Delft University of Technology L-quinate phosphate a sugar a sugar a sugar a sugar multidrug multidrug a dicarboxylate phosphate a proteinogenic 2+ 2+ + met met nicotinate Mg Mg a cation a cation K + L-fucose L-fucose L-quinate L-quinate L-quinate ammonium UDP ammonium ammonium H O pro met amino acid a sugar a sugar a sugar a sugar a sugar a sugar a sugar a sugar a sugar a sugar a sugar K oxaloacetate L-carnitine L-carnitine L-carnitine 2 phosphate quinic acid brain-specific hypothetical hypothetical hypothetical hypothetical -
Open Natural Products Research: Curation and Dissemination of Biological Occurrences of Chemical Structures Through Wikidata
bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.02.28.433265; this version posted March 1, 2021. The copyright holder has placed this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) in the Public Domain. It is no longer restricted by copyright. Anyone can legally share, reuse, remix, or adapt this material for any purpose without crediting the original authors. Open Natural Products Research: Curation and Dissemination of Biological Occurrences of Chemical Structures through Wikidata Adriano Rutz1,2, Maria Sorokina3, Jakub Galgonek4, Daniel Mietchen5, Egon Willighagen6, James Graham7, Ralf Stephan8, Roderic Page9, Jiˇr´ıVondr´aˇsek4, Christoph Steinbeck3, Guido F. Pauli7, Jean-Luc Wolfender1,2, Jonathan Bisson7, and Pierre-Marie Allard1,2 1School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, CMU - Rue Michel-Servet 1, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland 2Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, CMU - Rue Michel-Servet 1, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland 3Institute for Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Lessingstr. 8, 07732 Jena, Germany 4Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the CAS, Flemingovo n´amˇest´ı2, 166 10, Prague 6, Czech Republic 5School of Data Science, University of Virginia, Dell 1 Building, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States 6Dept of Bioinformatics-BiGCaT, NUTRIM, Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 50, NL-6229 ER, Maastricht, The Netherlands 7Center for Natural Product Technologies, Program for Collaborative Research -
Nomenclature of Organic Chemistry. IUPAC Recommendations and Preferred Names 2013
International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry Division VIII Chemical Nomenclature and Structure Representation Division Nomenclature of Organic Chemistry. IUPAC Recommendations and Preferred Names 2013. Prepared for publication by Henri A. Favre and Warren H. Powell, Royal Society of Chemistry, ISBN 978-0-85404-182-4 Appendix 3. STRUCTURES FOR ALKALOIDS, STEROIDS, TERPENOIDS, AND SIMILAR COMPOUNDS 1. Alkaloids H 13 12 16 17 H 14 1 H 2 10 9 11 15 HN20 8 3 5 4 H 7 H 6 19 H aconitane 16 17 H 5 9 6 21 19 18 8 N CH2-CH3 10 7 H 4 2 20 1 3 11 H 13 N H 14 15 12 CH3 22 ajmalan 17 CH3 16 6 5 H 21 9 4 H 8 N 10 7 2 20 19 1 3 CH 11 3 13 N H 14 15 18 12 akuammilan (named systematically by CAS) 24 17 H O 5 21 16 6 4 15 20 9 N 7 H3C 10 8 23 H CH2-CH3 14 19 18 1 2 3 11 13 N 12 CH3 22 alstophyllan (named systematically by CAS) 3 4 2 5 6 1 N 11b 6a CH3 H 12 11a 11 7 10 8 9 aporphine (named systematically by CAS) 8 7 9 N H 6 10 19 5 14 11 21 4 15 20 13 12 3 1 2 16 18 N 17 H aspidofractinine (named systematically by CAS) 8 7 9 6 N 10 19 CH2-CH3 5 20 21 14 11 H 4 15 13 12 2 3 1 16 18 N H 17 H aspidospermidine 17 12 CH 16 3 11 20 14 H 13 1 9 15 2 10 8 HN21 H 5 3 4 7 6 19 H CH3 18 atidane (named systematically by CAS) 17 24 12 16 CH2 23 O 11 20 14 13 22 1 9 H 2 15 10 8 OH N21 H 5 3 4 7 H 6 19 CH3 18 atisine (named systematically by CAS) 4 5 5’ 4’ 3 6 6’ 3’ 2 2 7’ ’ HN 1 7 1’ NH H 8 O 8’ H 10 14 15 ’ 11 13’ 15’ 9 9 O ’ 14 12 12’ 10’ 13 11’ berbaman (named systematically by CAS) 4 5 4a 3 6 7 2 13a N 13b 8 1 H 8a 13 9 12a 12 10 11 berbine (named systematically -
Genuine and Sequestered Natural Products from the Genus Orobanche (Orobanchaceae, Lamiales)
Review Genuine and Sequestered Natural Products from the Genus Orobanche (Orobanchaceae, Lamiales) Friederike Scharenberg and Christian Zidorn * Pharmazeutisches Institut, Abteilung Pharmazeutische Biologie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Gutenbergstraße 76, 24118 Kiel, Germany; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +49-431-880-1139 Received: 10 October 2018; Accepted: 28 October 2018; Published: 30 October 2018 Abstract: The present review gives an overview about natural products from the holoparasitic genus Orobanche (Orobanchaceae). We cover both genuine natural products as well as compounds sequestered by Orobanche taxa from their host plants. However, the distinction between these two categories is not always easy. In cases where the respective authors had not indicated the opposite, all compounds detected in Orobanche taxa were regarded as genuine Orobanche natural products. From the about 200 species of Orobanche s.l. (i.e., including Phelipanche) known worldwide, only 26 species have so far been investigated phytochemically (22 Orobanche and four Phelipanche species), from 17 Orobanche and three Phelipanche species defined natural products (and not only natural product classes) have been reported. For two species of Orobanche and one of Phelipanche dedicated studies have been performed to analyze the phenomenon of natural product sequestration by parasitic plants from their host plants. In total, 70 presumably genuine natural products and 19 sequestered natural products have been described from Orobanche s.l.; these form the basis of 140 chemosystematic records (natural product reports per taxon). Bioactivities described for Orobanche s.l. extracts and natural products isolated from Orobanche species include in addition to antioxidative and anti-inflammatory effects, e.g., analgesic, antifungal and antibacterial activities, inhibition of amyloid β aggregation, memory enhancing effects as well as anti-hypertensive effects, inhibition of blood platelet aggregation, and diuretic effects. -
Introduction (Pdf)
Dictionary of Natural Products on CD-ROM This introduction screen gives access to (a) a general introduction to the scope and content of DNP on CD-ROM, followed by (b) an extensive review of the different types of natural product and the way in which they are organised and categorised in DNP. You may access the section of your choice by clicking on the appropriate line below, or you may scroll through the text forwards or backwards from any point. Introduction to the DNP database page 3 Data presentation and organisation 3 Derivatives and variants 3 Chemical names and synonyms 4 CAS Registry Numbers 6 Diagrams 7 Stereochemical conventions 7 Molecular formula and molecular weight 8 Source 9 Importance/use 9 Type of Compound 9 Physical Data 9 Hazard and toxicity information 10 Bibliographic References 11 Journal abbreviations 12 Entry under review 12 Description of Natural Product Structures 13 Aliphatic natural products 15 Semiochemicals 15 Lipids 22 Polyketides 29 Carbohydrates 35 Oxygen heterocycles 44 Simple aromatic natural products 45 Benzofuranoids 48 Benzopyranoids 49 1 Flavonoids page 51 Tannins 60 Lignans 64 Polycyclic aromatic natural products 68 Terpenoids 72 Monoterpenoids 73 Sesquiterpenoids 77 Diterpenoids 101 Sesterterpenoids 118 Triterpenoids 121 Tetraterpenoids 131 Miscellaneous terpenoids 133 Meroterpenoids 133 Steroids 135 The sterols 140 Aminoacids and peptides 148 Aminoacids 148 Peptides 150 β-Lactams 151 Glycopeptides 153 Alkaloids 154 Alkaloids derived from ornithine 154 Alkaloids derived from lysine 156 Alkaloids -
Molecular Biogeochemistry, Lecture 4
12.158 Lecture 4 • Steroids – Structures and biosynthesis – Diagenesis – Steroidal hydrocarbons; stereochemistry vs maturity – Steroids as age and environment indicators – Enigmatic steroids 2- and 3-alkyl and carboxysteroids Evolution of Hopane & Sterol Bioynthesis BHP Squalene Dippploptene o2 BACTERIA Squalene epoxide O o2 EUCARYA HO HO C24 substitution Lanosterol Cholesterol by algae some bacteria - Methylococcus Mycobacteria, Myxobacteria Algal Steroids •Encode a variety of age-diagnostic signatures – C-isotopes + steroids from algae & plants H chlorophyceans HO C29 diatoms H HO C28 chrysophytes C30 H HO dinoflagellates C30 H HO ‘bio’ ‘geo’ Functional Role of Sterols These images have been removed due to copyright restrictions. While it became clear very early that cholesterol plays an important role in controlling cell membrane permeability by reducing average fluidity, it appears now that it has a key role in the lateral organization of membranes and free volume distribution . These two parameters seem to be involved in controlling membrane protein activity and "raft" formation (review in Barenholz Y, Prog Lipid Res 2002, 41, 1). Do sterols & hopanoids serve the same membrane function? HO easy “flip- fl op” OH OH unkno w npro pro ppee r tie s O H OH Fig. 4. Different proportions of cholesterol and CS in GUVs modulate domain size, domain curvatures, budding, and the formation of tubular structures Bacia, KKirstenirsten et al. (2005) PProcroc . NatlNatl. AAcadcad . Sci. UUSASA 102, 3272 -3277 Courtesy of National Academy of Sciences, U. S. A. Used with permission. Source: Bacia, Kirsten et al. (2005) National Academy of Sciences, USA 102, 3272-3277. Copyright (c) 2005, National Academy of Sciences, U.S.A.�� Copyright ©2005 by the National Academy of Sciences Fig. -
A Different Function for a Member of an Ancient and Highly Conserved Cytochrome P450 Family: from Essential Sterols to Plant Defense
A different function for a member of an ancient and highly conserved cytochrome P450 family: From essential sterols to plant defense Xiaoquan Qi*†, Saleha Bakht*, Bo Qin*, Mike Leggett‡, Andrew Hemmings§, Fred Mellon¶, John Eagles¶, Daniele Werck-Reichhartʈ, Hubert Schallerʈ, Agnes Lesotʈ, Rachel Melton*, and Anne Osbourn*,** *Department of Metabolic Biology, John Innes Centre, Norwich NR4 7UH, United Kingdom; ‡Institute of Grassland and Environmental Research, Aberystwyth SY23 3EB, Wales, United Kingdom; §School of Biological Sciences and School of Chemical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, United Kingdom; ¶Institute of Food Research, Norwich NR4 7UA, United Kingdom; ʈInstitute of Plant Molecular Biology, Centre National de la Recherche´Scientifique–Unite Propre de Recherche´2357, Universite Louis Pasteur, 67000 Strasbourg, France; and †Laboratory of Photosynthesis and Environmental Molecular Physiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanxincun 20, Fragrance Hill, Beijing 100093, China Edited by Klaus Hahlbrock, Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Cologne, Germany, and approved October 10, 2006 (received for review September 7, 2006) CYP51 sterol demethylases are the only cytochrome P450 enzymes compromised in disease resistance to a range of fungal patho- with a conserved function across the animal, fungal, and plant gens, demonstrating that avenacins confer broad-spectrum pro- kingdoms (in the synthesis of essential sterols). These highly tection against microbial attack (5). These experiments have conserved enzymes, which are important targets for cholesterol- provided direct evidence for a role for preformed antimicrobial lowering drugs, antifungal agents, and herbicides, are regarded as compounds in plant defense. the most ancient member cytochrome P450 family. Here we Avenacins are synthesized from the isoprenoid pathway and present a report of a CYP51 enzyme that has acquired a different share a common biogenetic origin with sterols, the two pathways function.