Analysis and Simulation of Mechanical Trains Driven By
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Power Electronics
Power Electronics Learning outcomes After completion of the chapter 1, students will be able to: Describe the construction, working principles of SCR, methods of SCR triggering, SCR specifications VI characteristics of SCR , TRIAC , UJT, DIAC Chapter 1 1. Introduction Thyristor is a unidirectional device, that is it will only conduct current in one direction only, but unlike a diode, the thyristor can be made to operate as either an open-circuit switch or as a rectifying diode depending upon how the thyristors gate is triggered. A thyristor is a solid-state semiconductor device with four layers of alternating P- and N-type materials. It acts exclusively as a bistable switch, conducting when the gate receives a current trigger, and continuing to conduct until the voltage across the device is reversed biased, or until the voltage is removed Silicon Controlled Rectifier (SCR) • The silicon controlled rectifier ( SCR ) is a three terminal semiconductor switching device which can be used asa controlled switch to perform various functions such as rectification, inversion and regulation of power flow. • An SCR can handle currents upto several thousand amperes and voltages upto more than 1kV. • The SCR has appeared in the market under different names such as thyristor, thyrode transistor. • Like the diode, SCR is a unidirectional device,i.e. it will only conduct current in one direction only, but unlike a diode, the SCR can be made to operate as either an open-circuit switch or as a rectifying diode depending upon how its gate is triggered. • In other words, SCR can operate only in the switching mode and cannot be used for amplification. -
ACSM1 System Engineering Manual
ACSM1 System Engineering Manual 2 3 ACSM1-04 Drive Modules System Engineering Manual 3AFE 68978297 REV A EN EFFECTIVE: 08.10.2007 PDM Vault ID: 00579251 2007 ABB Oy. All rights reserved. 4 5 Safety instructions Never work on the drive, the braking chopper circuit, the motor cable or the motor when input power is applied to the drive. After disconnecting input power, always wait for 5 minutes to let the intermediate circuit capacitors discharge before you start working on the drive, control cabling, motor or motor cable. Even when input power is not applied to the drive, externally supplied control circuits may carry dangerous voltages. Always ensure by measuring that no voltage is actually present. A rotating permanent magnet motor can generate a dangerous voltage. Lock the motor shaft mechanically before connecting a permanent magnet motor to the drive, and before doing any work on a drive system connected to a permanent magnet motor. For complete safety instructions see the ACSM1-04 Drive Modules (0.75 to 45 kW) Hardware Manual (code: 3AFE68797543 [English]). 6 Table of contents Safety instructions ................................................................................................................... 5 Table of contents...................................................................................................................... 6 About this manual .................................................................................................................... 8 Compatibility .............................................................................................................................. -
Siemens On-Stage Powerpoint-Template
Electromobility Solutions for Modern Haul Trucks 2017 Haulage & Loading Exhibition / Conference Phoenix, Arizona USA Unrestricted © Siemens Industry, Inc. 2017 usa.siemens.com/mining Introduction What is Electromobility? Electromobility is a general term for the development of electric- powered drivetrains designed to shift vehicle design away from the use of fossil fuels and carbon gas emissions. • Hybrid Electric Vehicles (Internal Combustion Engine (ICE) and batteries w/ Electric motor) • Plug-in Electric Vehicles (HEV that can be externally charged) • Battery Electric Vehicles (all electric vehicle that can be externally charged) Electric Drive Technology and Charging Solutions for Mobility. Unrestricted © Siemens Industry, Inc. 2017 2017 Haulage & Loading Exhibition and Conference Page 2 May 8, 2017 Electromobility Solutions for Modern Haul Trucks Mechanical Vehicle (MV) w/ On-board Diesel Engine Traditional Powertrain Main Components: - Diesel Engine - Torque Converter - Drive Shaft (Cardan) - Transmission - Differential - Gearbox Disadvantages: - Low efficiency - High maintenance costs Unrestricted © Siemens Industry, Inc. 2017 2017 Haulage & Loading Exhibition and Conference Page 3 May 8, 2017 Electromobility Solutions for Modern Haul Trucks Electric Vehicle (EV) w/ On-board Diesel Engine Electrical Drivetrain replaces Mechanical Drivetrain, keeps the diesel engine Main Components: - Diesel engine - Alternator w/ Rectifier - Inverters - Traction motors - Braking chopper/Grid resistor Benefits - Higher efficiency - Electrical braking -
Inverters and Choppers
TECHNOLOGY POWER ELECTRONICS TECHNOLOGY Inverters and Choppers Technology creates change. The Chopper The ability to evolve along Technology® in the with change is what Ranger® 305D offers distinguishes a successful the same control over the welding arc as an product from the rest. inverter machine Power source design is almost entirely devoted The inverter technology in the Invertec® V350-PRO to reliability. Fast power gives it equivalent power conversion is important to capabilities as a obtaining a smooth conventional welding output, but we transformer/rectifier also know that speed is such as the Lincoln CV-305, but in inconsequential without a much smaller and reliability. No matter how portable machine. fast your machine operates, if it is not durable, then it is not usable for welding. And if it is not welding, you are not meeting your production goals and making a living. QUICKER RESPONSE High-speed power conversion allows for quick response to changing arc conditions. SMALLER FOOTPRINT Power electronic components are compact, making equipment size smaller and therefore more portable. UNIVERSAL INPUT VOLTAGE Capable of operating from 208 to 575 volts on virtually any power supply for versatile, consistent performance. HIGHLY EFFICIENT Smaller transformer coils, higher thermal conductivity, and higher operating frequencies means more efficient output power, and more economical use of power. This translates to decreased utility costs and increased power source efficiency. WAVEFORM CONTROL TECHNOLOGY® COMPATIBLE Waveform Control Technology® gives the operator improved control over the characteristics of the welding arc. The future of welding is here.® NX-1.30 6/06 POWER ELECTRONICS TECHNOLOGY TECHNOLOGY Inverter Technology 2/8 What is Inverter Technology Inverter Technology? Inverter-based welding power sources operate at frequencies above 20 kHz, whereas traditional power sources operate at a line frequency of 50 or 60 Hz. -
Chapter 4: DC-DC Conversion: DC Choppers
CHAPTER FOUR DC-DC CONVERSION: DC CHOPPERS 4.1 INTRODUCTION A dc-to‐dc converter, also known as d.c. chopper, is a static device which is used to obtain a variable d.c. voltage from a constant d.c. voltage source. Also the dc-to-dc converter is defined in more general way as an electrical circuit that transfers energy from a d.c. voltage source to a load. The energy is first transferred via power electronic switches to energy storage devices and then subsequently switched from storage into the load. The switches used are GTO, IGBT, Power BJT, and Power MOSFET for low power application and thyristors or SCRs for high power application. The storage devices are inductors and capacitors. The power source is either a battery (d.c. volt) or a rectified a.c. volt. This process of energy transfer results in an output voltage that is related to the input voltage by the duty ratios of the switches. The dc-to-dc converter products are used extensively for divers applications in the healthcare (bio-life science, dental, imaging, labor- atory, medical), communications, computing, storage, business systems, test and measurement, instrumentation, and industrial equipment industries. They are used in electric motor drives, in switch mode power supplies (SMPS), trolley cars, battery operated vehicles, traction motor control, control of large number of d.c. motors, etc. They are also used as d.c. voltage regulators. Types of dc-to-dc converters There are mainly two types of dc-to-dc converters: (1) Step‐down choppers, and (2) Step‐up choppers. -
DC Power Electronics
Electricity and New Energy DC Power Electronics Courseware Sample 86356-F0 Order no.: 86356-10 Revision level: 12/2014 By the staff of Festo Didactic © Festo Didactic Ltée/Ltd, Quebec, Canada 2010 Internet: www.festo-didactic.com e-mail: [email protected] Printed in Canada All rights reserved ISBN 978-2-89640-395-0 (Printed version) ISBN 978-2-89747-237-5 (CD-ROM) Legal Deposit – Bibliothèque et Archives nationales du Québec, 2010 Legal Deposit – Library and Archives Canada, 2010 The purchaser shall receive a single right of use which is non-exclusive, non-time-limited and limited geographically to use at the purchaser's site/location as follows. The purchaser shall be entitled to use the work to train his/her staff at the purchaser's site/location and shall also be entitled to use parts of the copyright material as the basis for the production of his/her own training documentation for the training of his/her staff at the purchaser's site/location with acknowledgement of source and to make copies for this purpose. In the case of schools/technical colleges, training centers, and universities, the right of use shall also include use by school and college students and trainees at the purchaser's site/location for teaching purposes. The right of use shall in all cases exclude the right to publish the copyright material or to make this available for use on intranet, Internet and LMS platforms and databases such as Moodle, which allow access by a wide variety of users, including those outside of the purchaser's site/location. -
Brushless DC Electric Motor
Please read: A personal appeal from Wikipedia author Dr. Sengai Podhuvan We now accept ₹ (INR) Brushless DC electric motor From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation, search A microprocessor-controlled BLDC motor powering a micro remote-controlled airplane. This external rotor motor weighs 5 grams, consumes approximately 11 watts (15 millihorsepower) and produces thrust of more than twice the weight of the plane. Contents [hide] 1 Brushless versus Brushed motor 2 Controller implementations 3 Variations in construction 4 AC and DC power supplies 5 KM rating 6 Kv rating 7 Applications o 7.1 Transport o 7.2 Heating and ventilation o 7.3 Industrial Engineering . 7.3.1 Motion Control Systems . 7.3.2 Positioning and Actuation Systems o 7.4 Stepper motor o 7.5 Model engineering 8 See also 9 References 10 External links Brushless DC motors (BLDC motors, BL motors) also known as electronically commutated motors (ECMs, EC motors) are electric motors powered by direct-current (DC) electricity and having electronic commutation systems, rather than mechanical commutators and brushes. The current-to-torque and frequency-to-speed relationships of BLDC motors are linear. BLDC motors may be described as stepper motors, with fixed permanent magnets and possibly more poles on the rotor than the stator, or reluctance motors. The latter may be without permanent magnets, just poles that are induced on the rotor then pulled into alignment by timed stator windings. However, the term stepper motor tends to be used for motors that are designed specifically to be operated in a mode where they are frequently stopped with the rotor in a defined angular position; this page describes more general BLDC motor principles, though there is overlap. -
Electrical Braking 2 Technical Guide No.8 - Electrical Braking Contents
Technical Guide No. 8 Electrical Braking 2 Technical Guide No.8 - Electrical Braking Contents 1. Introduction ........................................................... 5 1.1 General .................................................................... 5 1.2 Drive applications map according to speed and torque ..................................................................... 5 2. Evaluating braking power................................... 7 2.1 General dimension principles for electrical braking ..................................................................... 7 2.2 Basics of load descriptions ................................... 8 2.2.1 Constant torque and quadratic torque...... 8 2.2.2 Evaluating brake torque and power .......... 8 2.2.3 Summary and Conclusions ........................ 12 3. Electrical braking solutions in drives .............. 13 3.1 Motor Flux braking ................................................. 13 3.2 Braking chopper and braking resistor .................. 14 3.2.1 The energy storage nature of the frequency converter ................................... 14 3.2.2 Principle of the braking chopper ............... 15 3.3 Anti-parallel thyristor bridge configuration ........... 17 3.4 IGBT bridge configuration...................................... 19 3.4.1 General principles of IGBT based regeneration units ....................................... 19 3.4.2 IGBT based regeneration-control targets . 19 3.4.3 Direct torque control in the form of direct power control ............................................. -
W.E.F. : 2016-2017
R.V.R. & J.C. College of Engineering (Autonomous) R-16 R V R & J C COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, CHOWDAVARAM, GUNTUR-19 (Autonomous) R-16 REGULATIONS & SCHEME CHOICE BASED CREDIT SYSTEM Regulations, Scheme of Instruction, Examination and Detailed Syllabi for 4-Year B.Tech Degree Course in Electrical & Electronics Engineering (Semester System) w.e.f. : 2016-2017 B.Tech.(EEE)/R-16/2016-2017 Page 1 of 187 R.V.R. & J.C. College of Engineering (Autonomous) R-16 EEE Department Vision: “To impart education leading to highly competent professionals in the field of Electrical & Electronics Engineering who are globally competent and to make the Department a Centre for Excellence”. EEE Department Mission: “Integrated development of professionals with knowledge and skills in the field of specialization, ethics and values needed to be employable in the field of Electrical Engineering and contribute to the economic growth of the employing organization and pursue lifelong learning” Program Educational Objectives of B. Tech Program in Electrical & Electronics Engineering: PEO I. To facilitate the students to become Electrical & Electronics Engineers who are competent, innovative and productive in addressing the broader interests of the organizations & society. PEO II. To prepare the students to grow professionally with necessary soft skills. PEO III. To make our graduates to engage and excel in activities to enhance knowledge in their professional works with ethical codes of life & profession. Program Specific Outcomes of B. Tech Program in Electrical & Electronics Engineering: PSO1 Graduates of the program will be able to demonstrate knowledge and hands on competence in developing, Testing, Operation and Maintenance of Electrical & Electronics systems. -
OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS NORDAC Frequency Inverters
OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS NORDAC Frequency Inverters Type series SK 1.300/1 to SK 2.400/1 And Type series SK 1.300/3 to SK 38.000/3 BU 3000/93E GETRIEBEBAU NORD Schlicht + Küchenmeister GmbH & Co. Rudolf-Diesel-Str. 1 * D - 22941 Bargteheide Postfach 1262 * D - 22934 Bargteheide Tel.: 04532/401-0 * Telex 261505 * Fax 04532/401-555 Table of contents Page 1.0 General 1 1.1 Delivery 1 1.2 Scope of delivery 1 1.3 Installation and operation 1 2.0 Installation 2 3.0 Frequency inverter dimensions 3 3.1 Braking chopper dimensions 3 4.0 Connection 4 4.1 Power section 4 4.1.1 Type SK 1.300/1 - SK 2.400/1 4 4.1.2 Type SK 1.300/3 - SK 38.000/3 4 4.1.3 Additional measures 4 4.2 Control section 5 4.2.1 Control terminal strip 5 4.2.2 Control inputs 6 5.0 Operation and displays 12 5.1 Setting and display facilities 13 5.2 Description of settings and displays 14 6.0 Commssioning 22 6.1 Parameter record 23 7.0 Braking chopper 24 7.1 Technical data 24 7.2 Installation instructions 24 7.3 Settings 24 7.4 Selection criteria 24 8.0 Failure and faults 26 9.0 Speed controller 27 10.0 Mains filter 29 10.1 Radio interference suppression 29 10.2 Effect on other consumers 30 10.3 Line capacitances (motor cable) 30 10.4 Output filters 30 10.5 Regulations 30 11.0 Technical data 31 T.-Nr.: 06063082 Stand: 42/93 1.0 General NORDAC frequency Inverters are sine-related pulse-width modulated inverters with a constant DC link voltage. -
High-Frequency Power Transformers
Electricity and New Energy High-Frequency Power Transformers Courseware Sample 86378-F0 Order no.: 86378-10 First Edition Revision level: 11/2014 By the staff of Festo Didactic © Festo Didactic Ltée/Ltd, Quebec, Canada 2011 Internet: www.festo-didactic.com e-mail: [email protected] Printed in Canada All rights reserved ISBN 978-2-89640-543-5 (Printed version) ISBN 978-2-89640-797-2 (CD-ROM) Legal Deposit – Bibliothèque et Archives nationales du Québec, 2011 Legal Deposit – Library and Archives Canada, 2011 The purchaser shall receive a single right of use which is non-exclusive, non-time-limited and limited geographically to use at the purchaser's site/location as follows. The purchaser shall be entitled to use the work to train his/her staff at the purchaser's site/location and shall also be entitled to use parts of the copyright material as the basis for the production of his/her own training documentation for the training of his/her staff at the purchaser's site/location with acknowledgement of source and to make copies for this purpose. In the case of schools/technical colleges, training centers, and universities, the right of use shall also include use by school and college students and trainees at the purchaser's site/location for teaching purposes. The right of use shall in all cases exclude the right to publish the copyright material or to make this available for use on intranet, Internet and LMS platforms and databases such as Moodle, which allow access by a wide variety of users, including those outside of the purchaser's site/location. -
Design Considerations of Traction Converter for Three Phase AC Locomotive
© 2018 JETIR June 2018, Volume 5, Issue 6 www.jetir.org (ISSN-2349-5162) Design considerations of Traction converter for three phase AC locomotive Dr. Premananda Pany [email protected] Synergy Institute of Engineering & Technology Dhenkanal, Odisha Abstract- This paper presents some of the important design issues of traction converter for three phase AC locomotive. The analytical approach is required to select appropriate components which will make the system more reliable, stable with minimum power loss. The mathematical approach required in the design of each component is presented. The main components of TC such as IGBTs, Driver circuit, heat sink, precharging resistor, DC link capacitor, resonant filter, bleeder resistors, earth fault resistors, braking chopper are discussed in this paper. The behavior of each component under variation in power supply and supply frequency are discussed. The analysis presented in this paper is very much useful for a designer while designing a converter inverter system for a vehicular system. The control strategy adopted for front end converter is discussed and simulated results using PSIM is also presented. Keywords: Traction converter, Inverter, DC link, Resonant, PSIM. I. Introduction The traction drives consists of power electronic have become more complex over the past decades due to the advancement of high power and high speed semiconductors such as IGBT, IGCT, microprocessor control and three phase inverter drives . Now a day it is common to operate 3 phase induction motor drives with traction electric multiple unit and locomotive. The three phase induction motor drive provides an improved in the overall performance of electric traction equipment. With the ability to increase the level of the available power, the train operator has been able to improve train operating times, the speed of the traction unit and the demand on the power supply system.