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The Chemical Ecology of Host Plant Associated Speciation in the Pea Aphid (Acyrthosiphon Pisum) (Homoptera: Aphididae)
The chemical ecology of host plant associated speciation in the pea aphid (Acyrthosiphon pisum) (Homoptera: Aphididae) By: David Peter Hopkins A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy The University of Sheffield Faculty of Sciences Departments of Animal and Plant Sciences October 2015 Table of Contents List of figures .......................................................................................................................... v List of tables .......................................................................................................................... viii Abbreviations .......................................................................................................................... ix Abstract .................................................................................................................................... x Acknowledgements ................................................................................................................. xi Chapter 1: General overview .................................................................................................. 1 1.1 Host race ecological divergence and speciation .......................................................... 2 1.2 A. pisum as a model system for studying ecological divergence of host-specialist races ..................................................................................................................................... 6 1.2.1 Evidence that plant chemistry -
The Nutritional Value of Aphid Honeydew for Parasitoids of Lepidopteran Pests
2 The nutritional value of aphid honeydew for parasitoids of lepidopteran pests A dissertation submitted to the: University of Neuchâtel for the Degree of Doctor in Natural Sciences presented by: Cristina Arantes de Faria Institut de Zoologie Laboratory of Evolutionary Entomology accepted by: Dr. Ted C.J. Turlings (thesis director) Dr. Felix Wäckers Dr. Jörg Romeis Dr. Louis-Felix Bersier Dr. François Felber Dr. Roberto Guadagnuolo on the 26th of August 2005 3 4 Contents Summary .................................................................................................................................5 Résumé....................................................................................................................................7 General Introduction ..............................................................................................................9 Chapter 1 The nutritional value of aphid honeydew for non-aphid parasitoids .....................25 Chapter 2 Learning of host-associated versus food-associated odours by a parasitoid of lepidopteran pests) ................................................................................................................54 Chapter 3 Increased susceptibility of Bt maize to aphids helps to enhance the performance of parasitoids of lepidopteran pests .......................................................................................81 Conclusions and Outlook..................................................................................................115 Acknowledgments..............................................................................................................120 -
Laser Texturing of Glass Substrates for Light In-Coupling in Silicon Thin-Film
Laser texturing of glass substrates for light in-coupling in silicon thin-film solar cells Von der Fakultät für Mathematik und Naturwissenschaften der Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg zur Erlangung des Grades und Titels eines Doktors der Naturwissenschaften (Dr. rer. nat.) angenommene Dissertation von Frau Kambulakwao Chakanga geboren am 16.04.1983 in Ndola, Sambia Erstgutachter: Prof. Dr. Carsten Agert Zweitgutachter: Prof. Dr. Ulrich Teubner Drittgutachter: Prof. Dr. Jürgen Parisi Tag der Disputation: 8.12.2015 „It always seems impossible until it’s done.“ [Nelson Mandela] - Abstract Direct picosecond laser-textured glass substrates were investigated for the application in thin-film solar cells. Commercially available aluminoborosilicate glass with alkali (Type I), earth alkali (Type II) and soda-lime (Type III) glass substrates were textured with varying scribing speed and pulse energy. The results showed that the electronic properties of the reference glass substrates influenced the dimensions of the ablated crater. The diameter of the ablated isolated crater decreased with decreasing pulse energy. Decreasing the scribing speed changed the texture from periodic to random. Highly textured substrates showed broadband light scattering in the UV and NIR region, which reduced the transmission due to the increased surface multi-reflections and absorption. The refractive index of periodically textured Type I and III glass substrates increased and Type II decreased following ablation. Numerical modelling suggested that the refractive index change was higher in highly textured substrates in comparison to periodically textured substrates. Great refractive index change (∆n > 0.05) increased the reflection at the glass/AZO interface whereas the reduced refractive index change showed a greater impact on the reflection than the increased refractive index. -
Behavioral Ecology Symposium '97: Lloyd
Behavioral Ecology Symposium ’97: Lloyd 261 ON RESEARCH AND ENTOMOLOGICAL EDUCATION II: A CONDITIONAL MATING STRATEGY AND RESOURCE- SUSTAINED LEK(?) IN A CLASSROOM FIREFLY (COLEOPTERA: LAMPYRIDAE; PHOTINUS) JAMES E. LLOYD Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of Florida, Gainesville 32611 ABSTRACT The Jamaican firefly Photinus pallens (Fabricius) offers many opportunities and advantages for students to study insect biology in the field, and do research in taxon- omy and behavioral ecology; it is one of my four top choices for teaching. The binomen may hide a complex of closely related species and an interesting taxonomic problem. The P. pallens population I observed gathers in sedentary, flower-associated swarms which apparently are sustained by the flowers. Males and females remained together on the flowers for several hours before overt sexual activity began, and then pairs cou- pled quickly and without combat or display. Males occasionally joined and left the swarm, some flying and flashing over an adjacent field in a manner typical of North American Photinus species. Key Words: Lampyridae, Photinus, mating behavior, ecology RESUMEN La luciérnaga jamaiquina Photinus pallens (Fabricius) brinda muchas oportunida- des y ventajas a estudiantes para el estudio de la biología de los insectos en el campo y para la investigación sobre taxonomía y también sobre ecología del comportamiento; es una de las cuatro opciones principales elegidas para mi enseñanza. Este nombre bi- nomial puede que incluya un complejo de especies cercanamente relacionadas, que es un problema taxonómico interesante. La población de P. pallens que observé se reune en grupos sedentarios asociados con flores los cuales son aparentemente mantenidos por dichas flores. -
Brigade Dependent on Bellows
[Tragedy brings out best at K-Bay/A-5 HWAI Vol. 21, No. 19 Serving LICAS Kaneohe Bay,rine 1st NEB, Camp H.M. Smith and Matins Barracks May 21,1992 Brigade dependent on Bellows significantly affect the Marines Bellows back from the military coordinated effort by the military Briefs CINCPAC says military and state at Kaneohe," the admiral told to build state-funded housing. and state to determine what the reporters following the Chamber Recent moves in Washington needs are and what land is Woman general need to take coordinated look at of Commerce Spring Quarterly could bring the old debate to a available. Luncheon May 14, at which he new level. May 13, the House to lead force was the keynote speaker. "It Armed Services Committee training areas, mission requirements approved a measure asking would be very tough to justify the See A-11 for related story support group keeping them (in Hawaii) when Defense Department to report The first woman to By Sgt. Jason Erickson they wouldn't have any local on the effect of moving military command a force service area for training." operations at Bellows to other support group will take over He added that the people in locations by March 1, 1993. In addition to a training area 3d FSSG on Okinawa, Japan, Adm. Charles Larson, Kaneohe and Kailua could Air Station Public Affairs for Marines, Bellows is home to in July. BGen. Carol Mutter, CINCPAC, explained that if the probably tell the media very Officer Maj. Leonard Ryan an Air Force ground-to-air link who is currently deputy current push by Sen. -
A Personal History of H.M
A PERSONAL HISTORY OF H.M. NAUTICAL ALMANAC OFFICE 30 October 1930 - 18 February 1972 By Donald H. Sadler Edited by George A. Wilkins SIDFORD, DEVON, 2008 2 DONALD H. SADLER © Copyright United Kingdom Hydrographic Office, 2008 A Personal History of H. M. Nautical Almanac Office by Dr. Donald H. Sadler, Superintendent of HMNAO 1936-1970, is a personal memoir; it does not represent the views of, and is not endorsed by, HMNAO or the United Kingdom Hydrographic Office. The United Kingdom Hydrographic Office grants permission to reproduce the document, in whole or in part, provided that it is reproduced unchanged and with the copyright notice intact. The photograph of Sadler taken when President, is reproduced by kind permission of the Royal Astronomical Society (RAS). If you wish to reproduce this picture, please contact the Librarian, Royal Astronomical Society, Burlington House, Piccadilly, London, W1J 0BQ, United Kingdom. This work may be downloaded from HMNAO’s website at http://www.hmnao.com/history PERSONAL HISTORY OF H.M. NAUTICAL ALMANAC OFFICE, 1930-1972 3 SUMMARY OF CONTENTS Preface 10 Forewords by Donald H. Sadler 13 Prologue 15 Part 1: At Greenwich: 1930–1936 17 1. First impressions 17 2. Mainly about the work of the Office 22 3. Mainly about L. J. Comrie and his work 30 Part 2: At Greenwich: 1936–1939 39 4. Change and expansion 39 5. New developments 46 6. Procedures and moves 53 Part 3: At Bath: 1939–1949 57 7. Early days at Bath (before the move to Ensleigh) 57 8. From the move to Ensleigh to the end of the war 67 9. -