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Of the Eastern Mediterranean and Middle East. Part 8. Bats of Jordan: Fauna, Ecology, Echolocation, Ectoparasites

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Of the Eastern Mediterranean and Middle East. Part 8. Bats of Jordan: Fauna, Ecology, Echolocation, Ectoparasites Acta Soc. Zool. Bohem. 74: 185–353, 2010 ISSN 1211-376X Bats (Mammalia: Chiroptera) of the Eastern Mediterranean and Middle East. Part 8. Bats of Jordan: fauna, ecology, echolocation, ectoparasites Petr BENDA1,2), Radek K. LUČAN2), Ján OBUCH3), Antonín REITER4), Michal ANDREAS5), Peter BAČKOR6), Thierry BOHNENSTENGEL7), Ehab Khalil EID8), Martin ŠEVČÍK9), Peter VALLO10) & Zuhair Sami AMR11) Received 12 December 2010; accepted 23 December 2010 Published 30 December 2010 1) Department of Zoology, National Museum (Natural History), Václavské nám. 68, CZ–115 79 Praha 1, Czech Republic; [email protected] 2) Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Viničná 7, CZ–128 44 Praha 2, Czech Republic 3) Botanical Garden, Comenius University, SK–038 15 Blatnica, Slovakia 4) South Moravian Museum, Přemyslovců 8, CZ–669 45 Znojmo, Czech Republic 5) The Silva Tarouca Research Institute for Landscape and Ornamental Gardening, Květnové nám. 391, CZ–252 43 Průhonice, Czech Republic 6) Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, Matej Bel University, SK–974 01 Banská Bystrica, Slovakia 7) Centre Suisse de Cartographie de la Faune (CSCF), Passage Max-Meuron 6, CH–2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland 8) The Royal Society for the Conservation of Nature, Research and Survey Section, P.O. Box 1215, Jubaiha 11941, Jordan 9) Department of Zoology and Anthropology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Constantine the Philosopher University, Nábrežie mládeže 91, SK–949 74 Nitra, Slovakia 10) Institute of Vertebrate Biology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Květná 8, CZ–603 65 Brno, Czech Republic 11) Department of Biology, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan Abstract. A complete list of bat records available from Jordan was compiled from literature and from new records, based on field studies and examination of museum specimens. The record review is complemented by distribution maps, summaries of distributional status of the particular species, files of field observations, and data on feeding ecology. Basic descriptive echolocation parameters for 17 species (782 calls from 134 call sequences analysed) are given and discussed. Arthropod ectoparasites were collected from 14 bat species. In some species sheets, notes concerning variation of the Levantine populations are added. From the territory of the modern Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan, 289 records of 26 bat species belonging to nine families are known; viz. Rousettus aegyptiacus (Geoffroy, 1810) (21 record sites), Rhinopoma microphyllum (Brünnich, 1782) (4), R. cystops Thomas, 1903 (21), Taphozous perforatus Geoffroy, 1818 (7), T. nudiventris Cretzschmar, 1830 (6), Nycteris thebaica (Geoffroy, 1803) (3), Rhinolophus ferrumequinum (Schreber, 1774) (12), R. clivosus Cretzschmar, 1828 (10), R. hipposideros (Borkhausen, 1797) (4–5), R. euryale Blasius, 1853 (5), R. mehelyi Matschie, 1901 (1), R. blasii Peters, 1866 (14), Asellia tridens (Geoffroy, 1813) (3), Myotis blythii (Tomes, 1857) (2), M. nattereri (Kuhl, 1817) (10), M. emarginatus (Geoffroy, 1806) (5), M. capaccinii (Bonaparte, 1837) (1), Eptesicus bottae (Peters, 1869) (21), Hypsugo ariel (Thomas, 1904) (12), Pipistrellus pipistrellus (Schreber, 1774) (10–11), P. kuhlii (Kuhl, 1817) (33), Otonycteris hemprichii Peters, 1859 (22), Barbastella leucomelas (Cretzschmar, 1830) (6), Plecotus christii Gray, 1838 (19), Miniopterus pallidus Thomas, 1905 (3), and Tadarida teniotis (Rafinesque, 1814) (33). Myotis blythii, Pipistrellus pipistrellus, and Barbastella leucomelas are here reported from Jordan for the first time. Simple zoogeographical analysis of the bat fauna of Jordan revealed four main groups of particular faunal elements as well as community types. The fauna is composed of (1) the Mediterranean, (2) southern desert, (3) Rift desert, and (4) widespread 185 elements, while the bat communities are represented by (1) Mediterranean arboreal, (2) southern desert, (3) Rift, and (4) transient (combined) types. Seventeen species of bat ectoparasites belonging to seven families were recorded from Jordan; the following eleven species are here reported for the first time from the country: Argas vespertilionis (Latreille, 1802) (collected from Rousettus aegyptiacus, Pipistrellus pipistrellus and P. kuhlii), A. confusus Hoogstraal, 1955 (from Rhinopoma cystops), Spinturnix psi Kolenati, 1856 (from Miniopterus pallidus), S. myoti (Kolenati, 1856) (from Myotis blythii), Steatonyssus periblepharus Kolenati, 1858 (from Pipistrellus pipistrellus and P. kuhlii), Parasteanonyssus hoogstraali Keegan, 1956 (from Tadarida teniotis), Cacodmus vicinus Horvath, 1932 (from Pipistrellus pipistrellus and P. kuhlii), Penicillidia conspicua Speiser, 1901 (from Miniopterus pallidus), P. dufourii Westwood, 1835 (from Myotis blythii), Nycteribia schmidlii Schiner, 1853 (from Miniopterus pallidus), and Basilia daganiae Theodor et Moscona, 1954 (from Pipistrellus pipistrellus). Key words. Distribution, ecology, echolocation, ectoparasites, Chiroptera, Middle East, Jordan, Arabia, Palaearctic Region. CONTENTS Introduction ................................................................................................................................................................. 187 Biogeography of Jordan ........................................................................................................................................ 190 Material and Methods ................................................................................................................................................. 191 Abbreviations ............................................................................................................................................................. 192 List of species ............................................................................................................................................................. 193 Rousettus aegyptiacus (Geoffroy, 1810) ................................................................................................................ 193 Rhinopoma microphyllum (Brünnich, 1782) .......................................................................................................... 202 Rhinopoma cystops Thomas, 1903 ......................................................................................................................... 205 Taphozous perforatus Geoffroy, 1818 ..................................................................................................................... 212 Taphozous nudiventris Cretzschmar, 1830 .............................................................................................................. 216 Nycteris thebaica (Geoffroy, 1803) ......................................................................................................................... 218 Rhinolophus ferrumequinum (Schreber, 1774) ........................................................................................................ 221 Rhinolophus clivosus Cretzschmar, 1828 ................................................................................................................ 226 Rhinolophus hipposideros (Borkhausen, 1797) ....................................................................................................... 230 Rhinolophus euryale Blasius, 1853 ........................................................................................................................ 234 Rhinolophus mehelyi Matschie, 1901 ..................................................................................................................... 238 Rhinolophus blasii Peters, 1866 ............................................................................................................................. 239 Asellia tridens (Geoffroy, 1813) ............................................................................................................................. 243 Myotis blythii (Tomes, 1857) ............................................................................................................................... 244 Myotis nattereri (Kuhl, 1817) .............................................................................................................................. 248 Myotis emarginatus (Geoffroy, 1806) .................................................................................................................... 256 Myotis capaccinii (Bonaparte, 1837) ...................................................................................................................... 259 Eptesicus bottae (Peters, 1869) ............................................................................................................................. 261 Hypsugo ariel (Thomas, 1904) .............................................................................................................................. 266 Pipistrellus pipistrellus (Schreber, 1774) ............................................................................................................... 269 Pipistrellus kuhlii (Kuhl, 1817) ........................................................................................................................... 279 Otonycteris hemprichii Peters, 1859 ..................................................................................................................... 287 Barbastella leucomeas (Cretzschmar, 1830) ......................................................................................................... 294 Plecotus
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