VIRGINIA CIVIL WAR TRAILS How to Use this Map-Guide This guide highlights more than 100 Civil War sites throughout the Shenandoah Valley and Southwest Virginia. Each site allows you to discover the epic and heartfelt stories of civilians and soldiers who experienced triumph and tragedy during the war. The suggested driving route will lead Travelers enjoy one of the colorful, you along many of interpretive markers along the trail. Virginia’s most scenic and historic roads. Enjoy one of the numerous walking tours available in many communities. Solicit the services of an outfitter for a once- in-a-lifetime adventure through the countryside. Shop at an antique or specialty shop, dine in a 19th century tavern or inn, or simply walk amid the serenity of a preserved battlefield, and let the stories you’ve discovered ignite your imagination as you envision how now peaceful landscapes were once the scenes of the deadliest battles known to man. For more detailed travel information, stop by any Virginia Welcome Center or local/regional visitor center or contact any of the attractions or visitor bureaus listed in this guide. For additional Civil War Trails information, visit www.CivilWarTrails.org. For more Virginia travel information, see www.Virginia.org. Cover painting from the collections of Fenton Historical Society, Jamestown, New York. Follow these signs to more than 1,500 Civil War sites. Johannes A. Oertel painting “The Virginia Turnpike,” popularly described as “Army Supply Train in the Shenandoah Valley.” WVA 81 Mosby’s Stephenson Depot Wagon Train WINCHESTER Raid First Kernstown First and Second Kernstown Battle of Stephens City Cool Spring Belle Grove Hupp’sHill Middletown Cedar Creek 1 Fisher’sHill 2Valley Pike at Cedar Creek Strasburg Woodstock Toms 66 Brook FRONT Edinburg Mill/ Stony Creek Line Narrow ROYAL Passage Rude’s Hill White House Bridge New Market Yager’s Mill WVA NEW MARKET Luray Gap Willow Grove Mill Lacey Springs Graves’ Chapel Breneman-Turner Mill Red Bridge HARRISONBURG Somerville Heights Silver Lake Mill Turner Ashby Price’s Mill McDowell Monument Monterey Fort Dayton Elkton Johnson Mill Creek Battle of Cross Keys Jackson’s Church McDowell Port Port Republic Battlefield March Republic Battlefield Park West View Battle of Piedmont STAUNTON 3 Staunton Train4Frontier Culture Museum 5 Station WAYNESBORO 64 81 The Plumb Brownsburg House CLIFTON 64 FORGE 64 LEXINGTON COVINGTON BUENA VISTA 81 Natural Bridge Mount Joy Buchanan Peaks of Otter LYNCHBURG Hanging Rock SALEM Bedford 6 New London 7 ROANOKE H VALLEY CAMPAIGN OF 1862H H VALLEY CAMPAIGNS OF 1864H Jackson’s Headquarters – Stonewall Jackson occupied this H Fort Collier – Constructed in 1861, this earthwork was stormed house as his headquarters, Nov. 1861–Mar. 1862 by Gen. George A. Custer on Sept. 19, 1864 Old Court House Civil War Museum – Used as a hospital after H Third Battle of Winchester – Union Gen. Philip H. Sheridan First Kernstown and to house prisoners later in 1862 defeated Confederate Gen. Jubal A. Early, Sept. 19 Winchester – Jackson defeated Nathaniel P. Banks, May 25 H Shawnee Springs Hospital – Temporary Union hospital established here after Third Winchester Kernstown – Opening battle of Valley Campaign, Mar. 23 H Stephens City – Confederates attacked Union supply trains in May Rose Hill – Jackson’s line broke here during Kernstown battle H Kernstown – Early defeated Federals here July 24 Valley Turnpike at Cedar Creek – Turner Ashby, Jackson’s cavalry commander, delayed Federal advance, Mar. 18 & 24 H Stephenson Depot – Union Gen. Robert H. Milroy’s army surrendered here to Confederate Gen. Richard S. Ewell’s forces Hupp’s Hill/Stonewall Jackson Museum – Study Center with after Second Winchester, June 15, 1863. Also site of cavalry action displays and Jackson material during Third Winchester, Sept. 19, 1864 Front Royal (Driving Tour) – Jackson routed Federal garrison, H Mosby’s Wagon Train Raid – Mosby attacked the rear of a May 23 Federal wagon train here, Aug. 13 Banks Fort – Hilltop fort with view of Strasburg and railroads H Battle of Cool Spring – Early defeated a Federal force here on Strasburg Museum & Train Station – Exhibits on Jackson’s July 18 after his raid on Washington, D.C. capture of B&O Railroad equipment H Middletown – Played a role in the Battle of Cedar Creek Narrow Passage – Near here on Mar. 26, Jackson ordered H Cedar Creek Battlefield Foundation – Interpretive visitor Jedediah Hotchkiss to “make me a map of the Valley” center Edinburg Mill/Stony Creek Line – A fight here delayed a Union H Belle Grove – Historic 1790s mansion served as Union advance in Mar., and the mill survived “The Burning” in Oct. 1864 headquarters during Battle of Cedar Creek, Oct. 19 Rude’s Hill – Jackson’s camp for two weeks after Battle of H Valley Turnpike at Cedar Creek – Confederate surprise attack Kernstown on Union camps here, Oct. 13 Luray Gap – Nearby on Nov. 23, Jackson announced that his H Hupp’s Hill/Stonewall Jackson Museum – Engagement fought command had become the Second Corps of Gen. Robert E. Lee’s here Oct. 13 Army of Northern Virginia H Fisher’s Hill – Sept. 23 battle between Sheridan and Early White House Bridge – Ashby burned bridge to delay James Shields’s advance, June 2 H Toms Brook – Cavalry battle here on Oct. 9 nicknamed “Woodstock Races” Graves’ Chapel – In Nov., Jackson led his command out of the Valley near here, the last time he would see the Shenandoah H Woodstock – “The Burning” of Oct. is interpreted here Red Bridge – Jackson ordered two bridges burned here in Apr., H Rude’s Hill – Confederate Gen. Jubal Early halted the but Ashby destroyed only one “Woodstock Races” here. John McNeill wounded nearby. Somerville Heights – In May, while Jackson feinted east, H New Market Battlefield Park – Hall of Valor museum interprets Federals stumbled into a sharp action with Confederates here Civil War in Va., especially battle here on May 15 Price’s Mill – Union Gen. James Shields crossed Naked Creek H Lacey Springs – Cavalry clash here between Custer and here on June 7, then camped here after defeat at Port Republic two Confederate Gen. Thomas L. Rosser, Dec. 21 days later H Yager’s Mill – Confederate stalled Union advance toward Fisher’s Elkton (Multiple Sites) – Jackson made his headquarters here, Hill here, Sept. 22 Apr. 19–20 H Willow Grove Mill – The Federals destroyed this mill and others Harrisonburg – Court Square and Springhouse, site of prison nearby during “The Burning” after First Battle of Winchester, and Hardesty-Higgins House, H Breneman-Turner Mill – Almost destroyed on October 6 but Union Gen. Nathaniel P. Banks’s headquarters in 1862 among the few mills in this part of the Valley to survive “The Turner Ashby Monument – Site of Ashby’s mortal wounding, Burning.” June 6 H Dayton – Burned in autumn 1864 in retaliation for alleged murder Cross Keys – Jackson defeated John Frémont, June 8 of Union officer by Confederates Mill Creek Church – Site of church used as hospital after Battle H Silver Lake Mill – Federals destroyed Daniel Bowman’s mill here of Cross Keys and later at center of “The Burning” in Oct. 1864 in Oct. 1864 Port Republic Battlefield Park – Jackson defeated Shields, H The Plumb House (Waynesboro) – Final battle of Sheridan’s June 9. Kemper House Museum here Valley Campaign, Mar. 2, 1865 West View – Jackson joined forces with Edward “Allegheny” H Frontier Culture Museum – Story of war’s effects on family at Johnson’s Army of the Northwest Barger Farm, relocated here Port Republic – Jackson paid his respects to Turner Ashby’s body in the Kemper House, now a museum. Jackson’s March – Jackson and Johnson advanced on Robert Milroy and Robert Schenck Fort Johnson – Johnson built earthworks visible on park trail McDowell – Federal artillery here during Battle of McDowell McDowell Battlefield – Jackson and Johnson defeated Milroy and Schenck, May 8 Monterey – Milroy and Schenck occupied town on Apr. 6 and advanced on McDowell H HUNTER’S RAID H H OTHER SITESH H Battle of Piedmont – Union Gen. David Hunter defeated Camp Allegheny – Confederate winter camp. Battle for control of Confederate Gen. William “Grumble” Jones here, June 5 Staunton–Parkersburg Turnpike here Dec. 13, 1861 H Staunton Train Station – Hunter destroyed this rail hub that Star Fort – Built 1863 by Federal forces, it featured in Second and connected the Valley to Richmond, June 7 Third Battles of Winchester H Brownsburg – Part of Hunter’s army skirmished and bivouacked Museum of the Shenandoah Valley – This site played a role in there, June 10 all of the battles for Winchester H Lexington (Multiple Sites) – Union Gen. David Hunter burned National Cemetery – U.S. Army soldiers who died in Valley Virginia Military Institute, June 11 battles are buried here H Natural Bridge – Both Confederate and Union soldiers detoured Stonewall Cemetery – Confederate soldiers are buried here here to see this great natural wonder Abram’s Delight – Occupant Mary Hollingsworth wrote of life H Buchanan – Markers at Buchanan Bridge and Wilson Warehouse during the war here tell of the Union raiders who burned the bridge; embers set Jordan Springs – Confederate Gen. Edward “Allegheny” Johnson buildings in town afire stopped here for directions to Stephenson’s Depot during the Second H Mount Joy – Federals destroyed the home of Confederate Battle of Winchester, June 14–15, 1863 congressman John T. Anderson Warren Rifles Confederate Museum – Excellent Civil War H Peaks of Otter – Hunter’s men struggled in their march over the artifacts collection scenic, but high, mountains Wapping Heights – The last engagement of the Gettysburg H Bedford (Multiple Sites) – Two markers describe Hunter’s arrival Campaign was fought there in Manassas Gap on July 23, 1863 here on June 15, where he destroyed rail facilities and burned Strasburg (Walking Tour) – Markers discuss town’s role as a buildings strategic intersection H New London – Confederate cavalry here slowed Hunter’s march Signal Knob – At Strasburg, used as a signal and observation to Lynchburg station H Lynchburg (Driving Tour) – Markers throughout the city tell of Mt.