California State University, Monterey Bay Digital Commons @ CSUMB Capstone Projects and Master's Theses Capstone Projects and Master's Theses 5-2021 Lowering the Bar: The Effects of Misogyny in Rap Music John-Paul Mackey Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.csumb.edu/caps_thes_all This Capstone Project (Open Access) is brought to you for free and open access by the Capstone Projects and Master's Theses at Digital Commons @ CSUMB. It has been accepted for inclusion in Capstone Projects and Master's Theses by an authorized administrator of Digital Commons @ CSUMB. For more information, please contact
[email protected]. Lowering the Bar The Effects of Misogyny in Rap Music John-Paul Mackey California State University, Monterey Bay Music & Performing Arts May 2021 Mackey 1 Table of Contents Introduction 3 The Context of Rap Music 3 Definition and Aesthetics 3 Origins 4 Early History 5 Consumption and Popularity 8 Backlash and Criticism 9 The Context of Misogyny and Misogynoir 10 Misogyny, Misogynoir, and Hegemonic Masculinity 10 Origins 12 Sociological Impact 14 Health and Behavioral Impact 15 Impact on the Media 16 The Proliferation of Misogynistic Rap 18 History 18 Other Characteristics 19 Women’s Role 20 Deflections and Dismissals 22 Responsibility for Misogynistic Rap 23 Common Misogynistic Themes in Rap 26 Overview 26 Objectification of Women 27 Mackey 2 Derogatory Terms and Stereotypes 31 Distrust and Suspicion of Women 33 Violence Against Women 35 Misogyny in Eminem’s Music 38 Effects of Misogynistic Rap 39 Desensitization 39 Reduced Self-Esteem 41 Health and Behavioral Impact 42 Sociological Impact 43 Financial Rewards 45 Promotion and Airplay 46 Misogyny in Other Genres 47 A Changing Climate 49 Backlash and Criticism of Misogynistic Rap 49 The Role of Feminism 51 Topics by Female Rappers 53 Positive Developments 56 Looking Forward 61 Works Cited 65 Mackey 3 Introduction On July 12, 2020, rapper Megan Thee Stallion was shot in the foot, allegedly by fellow musician Tory Lanez.