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Migration, Sustainability and a Marshall Plan with Africa

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Migration, Sustainability and a Marshall Plan with Africa Special Edition Migration, Sustainability and a Marshall Plan with Africa A Memorandum for the European Commission, the European Parliament, and the Governments of the EU Member States Bert Beyers Joachim von Braun Estelle Herlyn Klaus Leisinger Graeme Maxton Franz Josef Radermacher Thomas Straubhaar Ernst Ulrich von Weizsäcker Coordination Franz Josef Radermacher and the project team of FAW/n employees and the University of Ulm Download The document "Migration, Sustainability and a Marshall Plan with Africa – A Memorandum for the Federal Gov- ernment", a short version, and the associated material are available as PDF files at http://www.faw-neu-ulm.de http://www.senat-deutschland.de/, http://www.senatsinstitut.de/, http://www.clubofrome.de/ and http://www.clubofrome.org/. Picture credits title page • Evening, Djemaa El Fna square, Marrakech, Morocco - © Pavliha http://www.istockphoto.com/de/foto/abend-djemaa-el-fna-platz-marrakesch-marokko-gm499468399- 42845306?st=_p_pavliha%20El%20Fna • Photovoltaic Micro-plants by Isofoton (Morocco) by Isofoton.es (Creative Commons) https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Isofoton_Marruecos.JPG • Panorama of Cairo. Taken from Cairo Citadel by kallerna (Creative Commons) https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:View_over_Cairo_from_Citadel.jpg Table of Contents Editorial .................................................................................................... 3 Summary and orientation ............................................................................ 9 I. Mare Nostrum – The history of migration around the Mediterranean ......... 16 II. Sustainability – The concept and its meaning ......................................... 39 III. Individual contributions to partial aspects of a Marshall Plan with Africa ..... 60 III.1 Klaus Michael Leisinger: Requirements for development cooperation by companies ... 60 III.2 Mamphela Ramphele: A Marshall-Plan with Africa – a view from Africa ..................... 65 III.3 Andrea Zeller: From free to fair trade .................................................................. 69 III.4 Thomas Straubhaar: MENA - Educational situation and migration ............................ 73 III.5 Walter Döring: Entrepreneurship and dual education - Experiences with Hidden Champions in Germany ..................................................................................... 77 III.6 Peter Spiegel: Using social innovations................................................................. 77 III.7 Andreas Huber: Why building social structures is a key issue in Africa ...................... 79 III.8 Eric Solheim: Well-designed tourism - important for sustainability ........................... 80 III.9 Obiora Ike: Marshall Plan with Africa/Mandela Plan with Africa ................................ 82 III.10 Franz Josef Radermacher: Voluntary climate neutrality for the private sector ............ 87 III.11 Dieter Härthe: A Marshall Plan with Africa - Promoting Acceptance in Germany and Europe ............................................................................................................ 90 III.12 Frithjof Finkbeiner: Desertec and the Marshall Plan with Africa ................................ 92 III.13 Christoph Brüssel: Forest development in the desert as perspective for people and climate ............................................................................................................ 94 III.14 Felix Finkbeiner: Reforestation stores carbon, creates jobs and substitutes CO2- intensive building material ................................................................................. 95 III.15 Wolfgang Schäuble: Our country is changing ........................................................ 97 III.16 RFPD und Stiftung Weltbevölkerung: The situation of women .................................. 99 III.17 Werner Smolny: Impressions, experiences and findings from cooperation with the German University in Cairo .............................................................................. 100 III.18 Graeme Maxton: Some observations .................................................................. 104 III.19 Oliver Steinmetz: Investing in the MENA region .................................................. 106 III.20 Folkert Herlyn: Observations on the Arabian Peninsula ......................................... 107 III.21 Joachim Gersbach: Ensure the ability to act in difficult times ................................ 109 III.22 Thomas Straubhaar: Remittances: An important source of financing for developing economies ..................................................................................................... 111 III.23 Obiora Ike: Reflection on an Implementation Approach to the Marshall Plan with Africa ............................................................................................................ 117 III.24 Frauke Thiel: Solutions for the future of Africa .................................................... 123 1 III.25 Christoph Kannengießer: The Marshall plan must be specified in concrete terms - The view of the African Association of German Business e.V. ...................................... 125 III.26 Kolawole Ajao Owoka: European Marshall Plan for the Development and Prosperity of Africa ............................................................................................................ 128 III.27 Robert Zinser: Contributions of non-governmental organisations to the Marshall Plan with Africa ..................................................................................................... 132 III.28 Emmanuel Adedolapo Lufadeju: Agriculture and other care topics of a Marshall Plan with Africa ..................................................................................................... 137 III.29 Faustine P. Nyanda: The Marshall-Plan with Africa and its implementation – Considerations from African Youth .................................................................... 139 III.30 Sieglinde Gauer-Lietz: The fight against corruption should be a cross-sectoral issue in the implementation of the Marshall Plan with Africa ............................................. 146 IV. Guiding Principles of a Marshall Plan with Africa ..................................... 149 V. Action areas within the framework of a Marshall Plan with Africa .............. 184 Concluding remarks .................................................................................197 Acknowledgements ..................................................................................200 Authors and signatories ...........................................................................201 2 Editorial The global developments of recent years have given rise to many challenges and uncertainties. It is by no means clear that the world will move towards a bal- anced state of sustainability. One scenario would involve large-scale conflicts, both between nation states as well as within countries, up to a global re- feudalisation, an ongoing erosion of democracy, an increase in the number of ‘failed states’, ecological collapses in parts of the world and, subsequently, grow- ing migration flows. Steps in this hardly optimistic direction can already be ob- served today. Europe’s own stability is also anything but guaranteed. In the light of the great challenges associated with the desired sustainable development, and especially with the climate issue, consent for the primarily freedom-based market model is increasingly eroding, on the one hand due to increasing environmental and cli- mate issues, and on the other hand due to a widening social gap that is evident in many places. Globalisation creates many losers, and social balance is not easy to realise, with the consequence being considerable resistance. Ideas that include planned economy models, controlled economies, and lifestyle instructions are gaining public support. Citizens disillusioned with globalisation are striving to re- turn to a nation state and domestic orientation. A positive future for everyone cannot be ensured in this way. In particular, if we follow this path we will not be able to bring about the required innovations in the fields of technology and international cooperation. What we need instead of isola- tionism is openness in thinking and the activation of market forces, albeit in ac- cordance with appropriate regulatory conditions that address the concerns of en- vironmental and in particular climate protection, as well as those of social bal- ance. The latter in essence means that everybody should benefit from globalisa- tion – in particular the majority who proportionately have the least from a na- tional and international perspective. The current focus at the international level is on the necessity of a green and in- clusive economy. The German-speaking community has been speaking of an eco- logical and social market economy for a long time now. 3 However, bringing about such an economy is anything but easy. Making it a real- ity requires more than insights and words being right in principle. Words need to be ‘translated’ into changes to the regulation framework and related international agreements, such as the WTO framework. Massive resistance from beneficiaries of the status quo is making it more difficult to effect the required changes to the current economy. However, in general and for the people of Europe, the future does not look bright if we fail to implement such a programme on a global scale, particularly in Africa. Given the current situation, the
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