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Kenya Water Towers Report for Mt. Elgon

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Kenya Water Towers Report for Mt. Elgon Mt. Elgon Coordinated Water Towers Conservation A Call To Action 2018 Kenya Water Towers Status Report for Mt. Elgon Coordinated Water Towers Protection A Call To Action 2018 ISBN 978-9966- 120-10-6 Copyright © Kenya Water Towers Agency, 2020 Kenya Water Towers Agency Ragati Road, NHIF Building, 15th Floor P.O. Box 42903-00100 Tel: 020 271 1437 Email: [email protected] www.watertowers.go.ke © 2019 All rights reserved: Reproduction of this publication for resale or other commercial purposes is prohibited without prior written permission of the copyright holder 4 Mt. Elgon Water Tower Status Report 2/21/2018 Director of Public Prosecutions – Office of the Director of Public Prosecution Tel: +254 2732090/2732240 | Email: [email protected] Home About Our Services Resources Tenders Complaints Section Contact Us DireStatementctor of Pu byblic the Pr oCabinetsecutio nSecretarys WaterMr. Ker iaTowersko Tob ikareo is timportanthe current pillars of our economy. They play a significantholder of thi srole o�c etowards and the �achievementrst of Sustainable Development Goalsunder t(SDGs),he new C oNationalnstitution ofDevelopment Agenda and GDP growth. The Constitution in Article 69 (1) (a& b) provides for sustainable Kenya having being �rst appointed exploitation, utilization, management and conservation of our environment.in 2005. He wa s Montanere-designa teWaterd as Tower ecosystems contribute to 33%the C ofhie thef Pu bCountry’slic Prosec uforesttor in cover. However, there has been serious destructionAugust 2010 a nandd ap pover-exploitationointed to of Water Tower resources thus threatening current and future livelihoods. For instance, between head the independent 1990 – 2015, the Country 311,000 ha of forestlands to settlement, cropcons tfarmingitutional oand�ce infrastructural in June 2011. development. He is an advocate of the High Court of Kenya and formerly a lecturer at the ToUn iaddressversity o fthis Nai rsituation,obi. the Government through the Ministry of Environment and Forestry is implementing the Presidential directive on increasing national tree cover from 7.2% in 2015 to 10% by 2022. In order to address challenges related to climate change, biodiversity Mr. Tobiko is an alumni of the University of Nairobi and Cambridge. conservation and land degradation the Government has committed to various initiatives Mr. Tobincludingiko is a w inrestorationner of Gadh iSofm a5.1rak Amillionward fohectaresr Best “A ” ofLe vdegradedel landscapes as a contribution to the studenAfricat 1984 Forest(Kenya) ,Landscape Barclays Ca Initiativembridge Co m(AFR100).monwealt hThis also include 50% reduction of greenhouse Scholagasesrship, 1from990 f other K eforestnya an sectord Pega bysus 2030 Camb asrid partge S cofho itslar sNationallyhip, Determined Contribution (NDC) to climate change, and to achieve land degradation neutrality by 2030 as a commitment to 1990 as well as Fellow of Cambridge Commonwealth Society United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD). (FCCS). He has served in other national institutions namely: The Commission of Inquiry into the Land Law Systems in Kenya (The Njonjo Land Commission, between 1999 – 2002) where he was a Commissioner; The Constitution of Kenya Review Commission (CKRC, between 2000-2005) where he was a commissioner; Coordinated Water Towers Conservation i Translate » http://www.odpp.go.ke/director-of-public-prosecutions/ 1/3 I wish to thank the President for taking lead in conservation of the environment, especially the Water Towers. I take note of the great contribution of our development partners, private sector and the community in restoring our Water Towers. Mr. Keriako Tobiko, CBS, SC Cabinet Secretary MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTRY ii Mt. Elgon Water Tower Status Report Remarks by the Principal Secretary Water Towers are important ecosystems in Kenya.They are the major sources of water that support key sectors of the economy which include agriculture, tourism, energy, industry and health. These ecosystems influence river flow regulation, flood mitigation, water storage and purification, recharge of groundwater, reduction of soil erosion and siltation, protection of biodiversity, carbon sequestration and climate regulation. Mt. Elgon Water Tower, is one of the five major water towers in Kenya. It is a lifeline to millions of people, not only in Kenya but also the neighboring country, Uganda. The Water Tower is also a habitat to numerous biodiversity species and is regarded as a historic and cultural site. However, emerging phenomenon such as global warming, climate change, rapid population growth and unsustainable land management practices is threatening this fragile ecosystem. Kenya Water Towers Agency is playing a significant role in coordinating protection and conservation of the country’s Water towers. To deliver on its mandate, the Agency requires support of all the stakeholders, there is need for up-to-date information on the status, threats and intervention measures being undertaken to address challenges facing the Water Towers. Publication of this report is therefore timely and will go along way in guiding restoration activities in Mt. Elgon Water Tower. I therefore call upon relevant National Government Ministries, County Governments, relevant State Agencies and Civil Society Organizations as well as the community to join hands in implementing recommendation of this report. Dr. Chris Kiptoo, CBS Principal Secretary, MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTRY Coordinated Water Towers Conservation iii Foreword Water Towers continue to face numerous threats and challenges. Some of these threats include encroachment for settlement and farming, rampant charcoal burning, illegal logging of indigenous trees andforest fires. The result has been adverse environmental impacts such as drying up or reduced water quantity and quality in rivers, dams and springs, loss of biodiversity, changes in microclimatic conditions, increase in soil loss, reduced forest cover, reduction in agricultural production and increased community conflicts as resources become limited in space and time. This status report provides results of an assessment the Agency undertook in Mt. Elgon Water Tower. The report highlights the status of landcover and land use trends, water flow, biodiveristy and community livelihoods as well as recommendations for restoration of this Water Tower. The Agency is committed towards balancing between environmental conservation for the present and future Kenyan generations, while improving the lives of the communities through ecologically and economically sustainable land use systems and livelihood interventions. This will provide a win-win solution for both the community and the environment Coordinated Water Towers Conservation v I acknowledge support from the National Government, the parent Ministry of Environment and Forestry and other stakeholders’ contribution towards conservation of our Water Towers. As an Agency, we are committed in ensuring our water towers are protected and conserved for posterity Dr. Julius Malombe, PHD Chairman, Board of Directors ENYA WATER TOWERS AGENCY vi Mt. Elgon Water Tower Status Report Kenya Water Towers Agency Board Members Dr. Julius Malombe, Ms. Hibo Bishar Mr. Timothy Ole Naeku Ms. Wambui Muriithi Chairman, Board of Directors Member Member Member Mr. Robert Mutuma (HSC) Mr. Peter Leitoro, OGW Ms. Esther Wangombe Ms. Edna Atisa Member Member Member Member Ms. Wandia Maina Mr. Bernard Mulwa Prof. Julius Gordon Tanui PhD Member Member Ag DG, Secretary to the Board Coordinated Water Towers Conservation vii viii Mt. Elgon Water Tower Status Report Acknowledgement Legal Notice No. 27 of April 2020 obliges the Agency to submit water towers status report to the National Assembly to guide policy making in addition to dissemination to stakeholders for action. It is against this backdrop that we undertook assessment of Mt. Elgon Water Tower. I therefore wish to recognize contribution of different institutions including National and County Government ministries and departments, Non-Governmental Organizations and community groups in the development of Mt. Elgon Water Tower Status report. Specifically, I want to appreciate the immense support we have been receiving from the parent Ministry of Environment and Forestry. I also take recognition of the KWTA Board of Directors under the leadership of Dr. Julius Malombe for their dedicated support towards protection and conservation of Water Towers. I wish also to applaud the effort by Directorate of Ecosystem Assessment, Planning and Audit under the leadership of Dr. Winfred Musila for coordinating the development of this status report. I also recognize the contribution of KWTA Senior Management and the staff for their support in finalization of this report. Finally, thank you to all our stakeholders for providing the much-needed support during field activities and validation exercises. Prof. Julius Tanui, PHD, MBS Ag. Director General KENYA WATER TOWERS AGENCY Coordinated Water Towers Conservation ix x Mt. Elgon Water Tower Status Report Executive Summary This status report gives detailed information of Mt. Elgon Water Tower. The goal of the report is to guide decision making and identify priority areas for conservation in the Water Tower. The report provides the status of landcover and land use changes in the Water Tower between 1990 – 2017. It also highlights status of biodiversity, socio-economic and livelihood conditions of the people living in the Water Tower. It further enumerates the
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