DOCSLIB.ORG

Economic and Socio-Cultural Relations Between Indonesia and Taiwan: an Indonesian Perspective, 1990-2012

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Economic and Socio-Cultural Relations Between Indonesia and Taiwan: an Indonesian Perspective, 1990-2012 國立中山大學中國與亞太區域研究所 碩士論文 Institute of China and Asia-Pacific Studies National Sun Yat-sen University Master Thesis 印尼與台灣的經濟及社會文化關係(1990-2012):印尼 的觀點 Economic and Socio-Cultural Relations between Indonesia and Taiwan: An Indonesian Perspective, 1990-2012 研究生：陸碧宜 Luh Nyoman Ratih Wagiswari Kabinawa 指導教授﹕顧長永 教授 Prof. Samuel C. Y. Ku 中華民國 102 年 6 月 June 2013 摘摘摘要摘要要要 本文欲分析印尼雖然與台灣沒有政治外交關係，卻能發展其在台灣的經濟 和社會文化關係的原因。印尼與台灣之間的經貿統計顯示，在 2010 年台 灣是印尼的第八大外來投資以及第 11 大貿易夥伴；在社會文化關係方面 的數據更證明在台灣有廣大的印尼移工與印尼學生人口。因此，印尼與台 灣呈現經貿與社會文化互賴的情況。儘管缺乏政治外交關係，為什麼印尼 能持續維持與台灣的經貿以及社會文化關係呢？為解答此問題，本文將採 印尼觀點為途徑，其著重於印尼人民對其與台灣的關係的視角。分析方法 則援引國際關係建構主義中的人民間互動的概念為本，著重觀察共同觀念 和文化價值如何形塑制度，因為制度最終會構築政府的利益。本文證明印 尼在沒有對台外交關係的情況下能持續維持與台灣的經貿和社會文化關係 的原因，在於印尼人民是觀念的倡導者，主導著與台灣之間的互動。人民 與制度兩者對印尼與台灣來說，是深入強化相互關係的經貿與社會文化功 能角色。 關關關鍵關鍵鍵鍵字字字字：：：：印尼商人，印尼移工，印尼學生，經貿與社會文化關係，人民主 導 i ABSTRACT The main intention of this thesis is to analyses the underlying reason that caused Indonesia is able to nurture its economic and socio-cultural relations with Taiwan, even though under the absence of political diplomatic relations. Statistics on economics between Indonesia and Taiwan shows that in 2010, Taiwan is the eighth-investor and the eleventh- trading partner for Indonesia. Furthermore, statistics on socio-cultural relations proves that there are massive population of Indonesian migrant workers and Indonesian students in Taiwan. Thus, Indonesia and Taiwan are in the conditions of economic and socio-cultural interdependence. Despite lacking political diplomatic relations, why could Indonesia maintain durable economic and socio-cultural relations with Taiwan?” In order to answer that question, this paper will employ the Indonesian perspective approach that stressed on the Indonesian people point of views toward its relations with Taiwan. The main tool of analysis is based on the people-to-people interactions concept which is drawn from the constructivist approach on International Relations. It focuses on how share ideas and cultural-values contribute to the making up of institutions which in the end constitute the interests of the state. This thesis has proved the proposed hypothesis that due to the Indonesian people as the promoter of ideas lead the interactions with Taiwan, Indonesia is able to maintain its durable economic and socio-cultural relations with Taiwan despite under the absence of diplomatic relations. People and Institutions serve as independent economic and socio-cultural agent both for Indonesia and Taiwan to further strengthen their ties. Key Words: Indonesian businessmen, Indonesian migrant workers, Indonesian students, economic and socio-cultural relations, people leading ii TABLE OF CONTENT ABSTRACT ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… i LIST OF TABLES ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… . vi LIST OF CHARTS ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… viii ABBREVIATIONS ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… ix Chapter I: Introduction ……………………………………………………………………………………………… .. 1 1. Background of Information ……………………………………………………………… 2 2. Research Motives …………………………………………………………………………… . 3 3. Research Purposes …………………………………………………………………………… 4 4. Research Approach ………………………………………………………………………… . 4 5. Research Methods …………………………………………………………………………… 5 6. Literature Review …………………………………………………………………………… . 6 6.1. Taiwan Perspective …………………………………………………………………………. 7 (1) Primacy of Taiwan ’s Economic Diplomacy and Interests …………………………………………………… . 7 (2) Shifting International Order ……………………………………………… .. 10 (3) Development of Cross-Strait Relations ……………………………… . 11 (4) People-to-People Approach ……………………………………………… .. 13 6.2. Indonesian Perspective ………………………………………………………………… .. 14 (1) Policy of Separation of Politics and Economics ………………… . 14 (2) PRC ’s Factors within Indonesia and Taiwan Relations ……… 16 7. Analytical Framework …………………………………………………………………… 21 (1) Theoretical Framework ………………………………………………… .... 21 (2) Proposed Framework ………………………………………………………… . 26 I.8. Thesis Arrangement ……………………………………………………………………… . 29 Chapter II: Economic Relations between Indonesia and Taiwan ……………………………… ... 31 1. Economic Relations before 1990s ……………………………………… ........... 31 2. Economic Relations after 1990s ………………………………………… ........... 35 iii Chapter III: Socio-Cultural Relations between Indonesia and Taiwan ………………………… .. 51 1. Migrant Workers in Taiwan ………………………………………………………… .. 51 2. Indonesian Migrant Workers in Taiwan ………………………………………… 54 3. Foreign Students in Taiwan …………………………………………………………… 60 4. Indonesian Students in Taiwan ……………………………………………………… . 62 5. Socio and Cultural Exchanges between Indonesia and Taiwan ……… . 66 Chapter IV: People ’s Ideas, Institutions and Interests within Indonesia and Taiwan Relations ………………………………………………………………… 76 1. Framework of Ideas ……………………………………………………………………… . 76 (1) Environmental Framework ……………………………………………… .. 77 (2) Economic Framework ……… .. ……………………………………………… 83 (3) Cultural Framework ………………………………………………………… .. 87 2. Creation of Institutions and Norms ………………………………………………… 91 (1) Asosiasi Pengusaha Toko Indonesia di Taiwan (APIT) ……… 92 (2) Ikatan Citra Alumni Taiwan seIndonesian (ICATI) …………… . 94 (3) Ikatan Pekerja Indonesia Taiwan (IPIT) …………………………… .. 97 (4) Perhimpunan Pelajar Indonesia di Taiwan (PPI Taiwan) …… . 98 3. Economic and Socio-Cultural Interests Between Indonesia and Taiwan …………………………………………………… 101 (1) Economic Interests …………………………………………………………… 102 (2) Socio-Cultural Interests …………………………………………………… . 105 Chapter V: Conclusion ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 110 1. Conclusion ………………………………………………………………………………… .. 110 2. Theoretical Implications …………………………………………………………… .. 113 3. Implications for Indonesia and Taiwan ……………………………………… .. 114 Bibliography ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… .. 115 iv Appendix A: Field Research Activities March-May 2013 ……………………………………………… . 121 Appendix B: Memorandum of Understanding between the Indonesian Economic and Trade Office in Taipei and the Taipei Economic and Trade Office, Indonesia on Cooperation in the Field of Higher Education ……………………………………………………………………………………………… . 122 Appendix C: Memorandum of Understanding between the Indonesian Economic and Trade Office in Taipei and the Taipei Economic and Trade Office, Indonesia on the Recruitment, Placement and Protection of Indonesian Overseas Workers ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… . 125 v LIST OF TABLES Table 1-1 Statistics on Economics and Socio Cultural Relations Between Indonesia and Taiwan 2010-2012 ……………………………… 2 Table 1-2 Summary of Literature Review ……………………………………….. 19-20 Table 2-1 Taiwanese Investment in Indonesia from 1952-1989 …………………. 32-33 Table 2-2 Timeline of Economic Activity between Indonesia and Taiwan before the 1990s ……………………………………35 Table 2-3 Values and Products of Taiwan Export to Indonesia 1990-2012 ………. 36-37 Table 2-4 Values and Products of Taiwan Import From Indonesia 1990-2012 ………………………………………. ……. 38-39 Table 2-5 Export and Import Activity between Indonesia and Taiwan Based on Values per-Year 1990-2012 …………………………………. 40-41 Table 2-6 Taiwanese Investment in Indonesia Based on Cases and Values From 1990-2012 ………………………………………………………… 43 Table 2-7 Taiwanese Investment in Indonesia Based on Area of Investment, Cases, and Amounts 1952-2012 ……………………………………… . 46-47 Table 2-8 Timeline of Political Economy Activities Between Indonesia and Taiwan, 1990-2012 …………………………………….. 49-50 Table 3-1 Statistics on the Total Number of Indonesian Migrant Workers In Taiwan 1993-2012 ………………………………………………….. 55 Table 3-2 Statistics on Total Number of Indonesian Migrant Workers Based on Field of Industry per January 2013 ………………………… 57-58 Table 3-3 Statistics on Top Five Countries of Foreign Students In Taiwan School Year 2012/2013 ……………………………………… 61 Table 3-4 Statistics on Indonesian Students in Taiwan vi School Year 1986-2012 …………………………………………………. 63 Table 3-5 Scholarship Scheme for Indonesian Students in Taiwan ………………. 70-71 Table 4-1 Summary of Environmental Framework ……………………..………….. .83 Table 4-2 Summary of Economic Framework ………………………………………. 87 Table 4-3 Summary of Cultural Framework ……………………….………………... 90 Table 4-4 Semi-Officials Economic Exchanges between Indonesia and Taiwan, 1990-2012 ………………………………………………………………...102 Table 4-5 Officials Economic Exchanges between Indonesia and Taiwan, 1990-2012……………………………………………………………....... 104 Table 4-6 Semi-Officials Socio-Cultural Exchanges between Indonesia and Taiwan, 1990-2012 ………………………………………………………………...106 Table 4-7 Officials Socio-Cultural Exchanges between Indonesia and Taiwan, 1990-2012 ………………………………………………………………...107 vii LIST OF CHARTS Chart 2-1 The Percentage of Taiwan’s Export Product to Indonesia Based on Products and Values Ranking 1990-2012 …………………….. 38 Chart 2-2 The Percentage of Taiwan’s Import Product from Indonesia Based on Products and Values Ranking 1990-2012 …………………….. 40 Chart 3-1 Migrant Workers in Taiwan by January 2013 …………………………… 53 viii ABBREVIATIONS APIT : Asosiasi Pengusaha Toko Indonesia di Taiwan ASEAN : Association of Southeast Asia Nations CCC : Chinese Chamber of Commerce CIER-TASC : Chung-Hua Institution of Economic Research-Taiwan ASEAN Research Center CLA : Council of Labor Affairs DIKTI : Pendidikan Tinggi ESIT : Elite Study in Taiwan FORMMIT : Forum Mahasiswa Muslim Indonesia Taiwan HIV/AIDS : Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ICATI : Ikatan Citra Alumni Taiwan seIndonesia ICC : Indonesian Chamber of Commerce ICDF : International Cooperation Development Fund IDR : Indonesian Drawing Rate IETO : Indonesian Economic and Trade Office INGO : International
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Re-Examining Higher Education Internationalization in Taiwan: University Strategies for Implementing Overseas Programmes
    Higher Education Studies; Vol. 8, No. 4; 2018 ISSN 1925-4741 E-ISSN 1925-475X Published by Canadian Center of Science and Education Re-examining Higher Education Internationalization in Taiwan: University Strategies for Implementing Overseas Programmes Yuching Liao1 1Graduate School of Education, Kyoto Unviersity, Kyoto, Japan Correspondence: Yuching Liao, Graduate School of Education, Kyoto University, Yoshida-Hommachi, Sakyo-Ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan. Tel: 81-80-4243-0168. E-mail: [email protected] Received: August 1, 2018 Accepted: August 14, 2018 Online Published: October 20, 2018 doi:10.5539/hes.v8n4p116 URL: https://doi.org/10.5539/hes.v8n4p116 Abstract This study clarifies the rationale for offering overseas programmes as an internationalization strategy by Taiwanese higher education institutions through an analysis of related university documents and interview data. In doing so, this study highlights how institutional goals and characteristics, as well as social and cultural backgrounds, affect the internationalization of higher education based on the following two points. First, in addition to the pursuit of academic excellence and expanding student markets, university strategies are based on its particular history, resources, development goals, and orientation. Second, although different strategies were observed among the examined universities, the Chinese element and the pluralistic value of Taiwanese society have influenced the overseas programmes offered by Taiwanese universities. This paper argues that instead of merely adopting the international standard or pursuing academic excellence, it is essential for Taiwanese universities to implement internationalization strategies in order to determine their meaning and purpose in the context of Taiwanese higher education. Keywords: cross-border education, higher education, internationalization, overseas programmes, Taiwan, universities’ strategies 1.
    [Show full text]
  • Contact Information of Emergency Assistance Association
    Contact Information of Emergency Assistance Association Area Name Contact Information North Boston Taiwanese Emergency Tel：617-650-9252 America Assistance Association 617-763-0708 email：[email protected] Greater New York Taiwanese Tel：212-365-4855 Emergency Assistance email：[email protected] Association Pittsburgh Taiwanese Emergency Tel：412-212-3976 Assistance Association email: [email protected] Emergency Assistance Tel：716-741-4648 Association Buffalo Niagara email：[email protected] Region Tel：716-568-0688 email：[email protected] Taiwanese Caring and Assistance Tel：571-252-0713 Association of Greater email：[email protected] Washington D.C. Atlanta Care and Assistance Tel：770-451-4456、678-670-2881 Association email：[email protected] Greater Chicago Taiwanese Tel：847-530-4214 Emergency Assistance email：[email protected] Association Detroit Taiwanese Emergency Tel：248-767-0999 Assistance Association email：[email protected] Houston Taiwanese Care and Tel：713-376-4552 Assistance Association email：[email protected] DFW Taiwanese Care and Tel：469-789-6858 Assistance Association email：[email protected] Florida Emergency Assistance Tel：407-758-1314 Association email：[email protected] Taiwanese Foreign Emergency Tel：425-277-5206 Management Association of email：[email protected] Northwest Great Portland Emergency Tel：425-746-3602~3 Response Association email：[email protected] Colorado Taiwanese Emergency Tel: 217-220-1499 1 Contact Information of Emergency Assistance Association Area Name Contact Information Assistance
    [Show full text]
  • The Rise and Fall of the Taiwan Independence Policy: Power Shift, Domestic Constraints, and Sovereignty Assertiveness (1988-2010)
    University of Pennsylvania ScholarlyCommons Publicly Accessible Penn Dissertations 2012 The Rise and Fall of the Taiwan independence Policy: Power Shift, Domestic Constraints, and Sovereignty Assertiveness (1988-2010) Dalei Jie University of Pennsylvania, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations Part of the Asian Studies Commons, and the Political Science Commons Recommended Citation Jie, Dalei, "The Rise and Fall of the Taiwan independence Policy: Power Shift, Domestic Constraints, and Sovereignty Assertiveness (1988-2010)" (2012). Publicly Accessible Penn Dissertations. 524. https://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations/524 This paper is posted at ScholarlyCommons. https://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations/524 For more information, please contact [email protected]. The Rise and Fall of the Taiwan independence Policy: Power Shift, Domestic Constraints, and Sovereignty Assertiveness (1988-2010) Abstract How to explain the rise and fall of the Taiwan independence policy? As the Taiwan Strait is still the only conceivable scenario where a major power war can break out and Taiwan's words and deeds can significantly affect the prospect of a cross-strait military conflict, ot answer this question is not just a scholarly inquiry. I define the aiwanT independence policy as internal political moves by the Taiwanese government to establish Taiwan as a separate and sovereign political entity on the world stage. Although two existing prevailing explanations--electoral politics and shifting identity--have some merits, they are inadequate to explain policy change over the past twenty years. Instead, I argue that there is strategic rationale for Taiwan to assert a separate sovereignty. Sovereignty assertions are attempts to substitute normative power--the international consensus on the sanctity of sovereignty--for a shortfall in military- economic-diplomatic assets.
    [Show full text]
  • Some Observations on Taiwanese People in Jakarta Ping LIN
    Being Privileged Overseas: Some Observations on Taiwanese People in Jakarta Ping LIN Associate professor at Dept. of Political Science, National Chung Cheng University in Taiwan Email: [email protected] 1 Being Privileged Overseas: Some Observations on Taiwanese People in Jakarta Introduction Due to rising production costs in Taiwan in the 1980s, many Taiwanese firms have moved to China or Southeast Asia (Tseng 2000; Chen and Ku 2004). This trend of firm relocation caused many Taiwanese people to move to China or Southeast Asia as entrepreneurs, firm managers, or accompanying family members (Ku 2006; Tseng 2011; Lin 2013; Tseng and Lin 2014). While studies concerning the Taiwanese in China have expanded from a focus on firm relocation to population movement, studies on the Taiwanese in Southeast Asia are still underdeveloped. Limited studies are concentrated on the strategies of firm management and they pay little attention to the daily lives of people (Chen, Jou and Hsiao 2004, 2008). How Taiwanese people live in the countries of Southeast Asia is not clear. This pilot study is based on my fieldwork in Jakarta, Indonesia in 2015. Through conducting interviews and participant observation of Taiwanese people affiliated with the Jakarta Taipei School (hereafter JTS), I argue that a certain number of Taiwanese people live their lives as ‘privileged migrants’ in Jakarta. Most respondents had high level of quality of life. Those who marry rich Chinese-Indonesians live at a status which is higher than that available to them in Taiwan. The preliminary findings reported in this article will be further examined in a research project on the interaction between three ethnic Chinese groups (Chinese-Indonesian businessmen, businessmen from Mainland China, and businessmen from Taiwan) in Indonesia.
    [Show full text]
  • The History and Politics of Taiwan's February 28
    The History and Politics of Taiwan’s February 28 Incident, 1947- 2008 by Yen-Kuang Kuo BA, National Taiwan Univeristy, Taiwan, 1991 BA, University of Victoria, 2007 MA, University of Victoria, 2009 A Dissertation Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY in the Department of History © Yen-Kuang Kuo, 2020 University of Victoria All rights reserved. This dissertation may not be reproduced in whole or in part, by photocopy or other means, without the permission of the author. ii Supervisory Committee The History and Politics of Taiwan’s February 28 Incident, 1947- 2008 by Yen-Kuang Kuo BA, National Taiwan Univeristy, Taiwan, 1991 BA, University of Victoria, 2007 MA, University of Victoria, 2009 Supervisory Committee Dr. Zhongping Chen, Supervisor Department of History Dr. Gregory Blue, Departmental Member Department of History Dr. John Price, Departmental Member Department of History Dr. Andrew Marton, Outside Member Department of Pacific and Asian Studies iii Abstract Taiwan’s February 28 Incident happened in 1947 as a set of popular protests against the postwar policies of the Nationalist Party, and it then sparked militant actions and political struggles of Taiwanese but ended with military suppression and political persecution by the Nanjing government. The Nationalist Party first defined the Incident as a rebellion by pro-Japanese forces and communist saboteurs. As the enemy of the Nationalist Party in China’s Civil War (1946-1949), the Chinese Communist Party initially interpreted the Incident as a Taiwanese fight for political autonomy in the party’s wartime propaganda, and then reinterpreted the event as an anti-Nationalist uprising under its own leadership.
    [Show full text]
  • SPK) Jenjang SMA
    Daftar Satuan Pendidikan Kerjasama (SPK) Jenjang SMA Status No. Provinsi Kab./ Kota Nama Sekolah Alamat Sekolah LPI Nomor SK Tanggal SK Awal 1 Nanggroe Aceh Kota Banda Aceh 1 Satuan Pendidikan Kerjasama (SPK) Jl. T. Nyak Arief No.1 Lamnyong, Banda Aceh Fatih Indonesia 75/MPK.D/KS/2018 09-Feb-18 SN Darussalam SMA Teuku Nyak Arif Fatih Bilingual 23111 School Nanggroe Aceh Kota Banda Aceh 2 Satuan Pendidikan Kerjasama (SPK) Jl. Sultan Malikul Saleh No.103 Lamlagang, Fatih Indonesia 60/MPK.D/KS/2018 02-Feb-18 SN Darussalam SMA Fatih Bilingual School Banda Aceh 2 Sumatera Utara Kota Medan 1 SMA PrimeOne School Jl. Jend. Besar A.H. Nasution No. 50 Medan, Yayasan Putra Putri Naihongga 430/MPK.D/KL/2015 14-Des-15 SN Sumatera Utara Cuilienta Sumatera Utara Kota Medan 2 SMA Sampoerna Academy Jl. Jamin Ginting Komplek Citra Garden, Kec. Yayasan Pendidikan Cahaya Harapan 533/MPK.D/KL/2016 19-Okt-16 SN Medan Baru Bangsa Medan Sumatera Utara Kab. Deli Serdang 3 SMA Cinta Budaya/Chong Wen Jl. Willem Iskandar/Pancing Komp. MMTC Blok Yayasan Pendidikan Cinta Budaya 427/MPK.D/KL/2015 14-Des-15 SN Cinta Budaya No. 1, Deli Serdang, Sumatera Utara Sumatera Utara Kab. Deli Serdang 4 SMA Chandra Kumala Jl. Kelapa no. 1, Komplek Cemara Asri Desa Yayasan Pendidikan Cemara Asri 142/MPK.D/KS/2018 19-Mar-18 SN Sampalu, Kec. Percut Sei Tuan, Kab. Deli Serdang, Sumatera Utara 3 Sumatera Barat ─ ─ ─ ─ ─ ─ ─ ─ ─ ─ ─ ─ ─ ─ ─ ─ 4 Riau Pelalawan 1 SMA Mutiara Harapan Kompleks PT RAPP Rukan Akasia Blok III no.
    [Show full text]
  • Taishang: a Different Kind of Ethnic Chinese Business in Southeast Asia Hsin- Huang Michael Hsiao, I- Chun Kung, and Hong- Zen Wang
    7 Taishang: A Different Kind of Ethnic Chinese Business in Southeast Asia Hsin- Huang Michael Hsiao, I- Chun Kung, and Hong- zen Wang Introduction Taiwanese transnational capital emerged in the mid-1980s, and its importance is now widely recognized by Taiwanese scholars in various disciplines. There has been an increasing interest in investigating the nature of this newly emerging transnational capital, which is consid- ered to be different from the Western or Japanese forms. Studies of Taiwanese businesses (taishang) in Southeast Asia have concentrated on the domains of overseas investment patterns (T. J. Chen 1994, 1998; Y. C. Chen 1997; Lin 2002), industrial relations (Chan and Wang 2005; Kung 2002; Wang 2002), and ethnic relations and overseas Chinese networks (Hsiao and Kung 1998; Tseng 1999). Some scholars have noted that, to taishang, Southeast Asia is not only a geographical area, but also a cultural entity, and thus their investment behavior as a whole is embedded in the social contexts of the region. As latecomers to transna- tional capital in Southeast Asia, taishang demonstrate some distinguish- ing features (see also Shu 2000, 2001). Using taishang as the keyword to search title, abstract, and keywords in the database Zhonghua minguo qikan lunwen suoyin (Index of Republic of China’s journal articles), up to the end of 2006, there are over 500 entries. However, having checked one by one, only 37 articles have really dealt with taishang and Southeast Asia in a specified way. This shows that current research on the taishang of Southeast Asia has not gone beyond the general description of overseas investment, paid attention to the social context of the host country, or examined the social impact of overseas investment.
    [Show full text]
  • Taiwan's Nationalistic Politics and Its Difficult 'Status Quo'
    , Taiwan's Nationalistic Politics and Its Difficult 'Status Quo' MAU-KuEI MICHAEL CHANG AbstTact " Taiwan's growing calls for independence have provoked China and heightened the risk of military conflictin the region. This paper addresses two issues: first. it seeks to provide a short historical overview of the development of Taiwan­ ese nationalistic self-assertion; second, it questions the commonly held notion of keeping the 'status quo', which is in effect always changing and dynamic. The paper uses a historical-institutional framework for its interpretation. It explores the origin and rise of Taiwanese nationalism in its relationship to Taiwan's past. and the changing gea-political contexts in which it is situated. It then analyses the importance of electoral institutions and the struggles to broaden political participation and legitimation. Several disparate sources of Taiwanese identity are also discussed, namely: (i) Taiwan as a frontier terri­ tory of the Manchu Empire, which was later colonized and modernized by the Japanese; (ii) unification with the Republic of China under authoritarian rule since 1945; and (iii) the transformation of the ROC regime, its indigenization and grounding in Taiwan in the context of its long separation from China and its international isolation. This indigenization process has been gradually ac­ complished through electoral struggles and by revising the electoral system and the constitution. I Introduction The recent growth of Taiwanese nationalist sentiment has caused wide­ spread alarm and raised the spectre of military conflict in the region. It is not that Taiwan's nationalism is expected to lead to strategic or territorial expansio n, but that in the eyes of the Beijing government, it is seen as a 'provocative' step in the direction of 'permanently sepa­ rating' from China.
    [Show full text]
  • Identity and War: the Taiwanese National Consciousness Under War Mobilization and Kominka Movement - - a Study of Chen Wangcheng’S & Wu Xinrong’S Diaries, 1937-1945
    Identity and War: the Taiwanese National Consciousness Under War Mobilization and Kominka Movement - - a study of Chen Wangcheng’s & Wu Xinrong’s diaries, 1937-1945 Table of Contents: Literature The formation of wartime context in the 1930s From political shift to identity shift: warfare and islanders’ position of identity, 1937-1945 (A) Chen Wangcheng (1888-1979) a. Between accommodation and confrontation: a tension between political choice and identity position, 1933-1939 b. A ‘Taiwanese/Japanese’ double identity, 1941-1945 (B) Wu Xingrong (1907-1967) a. Reconstructing traces of Wu’s political shift during wartime, 1937- 1941 b. An intensified Japanese-dimension identity after outbreak of the Pacific War, 1941-1945 (C) Short conclusion Literature The constructivist approach suggests, regarding identity-related issues, that the national identity is not a fixed and substantial existence. Bhikhu Parekh represents this 1 approach and regards national identity as ‘a set of tendencies and values that needs to be periodically redefined in the light of historically inherited characteristics, present needs, and future aspirations’. As to the way of ‘redefinition’, Benedict Anderson however suggests that historical narration offers the possibility of reconstructing national consciousness through ‘remembering or forgetting people’s past.’1 Furthermore, regarding the relationships between warfare and national (or ethnic) groups, G. Simmel argues that conflict is a possible form of sociation, and hostility sharpens group boundaries. Conflict not only accentuates the cohesion of an existing unit, but also mobilizes it members. He further suggests that war requires a ‘centralistic intensification of the group form’, which is best guaranteed by despotism.2 Max Weber also drew attention to the major role of political action, such as wars, in the formation of ethnic groups and their imagery.3 Anthony Smith further develops this approach by arguing that war has been a powerful factor in shaping certain crucial aspects of nationhood (or ethnic community).
    [Show full text]
  • 2020 Dates of TOCFL (Test of Chinese As a Foreign Language)
    2020年印尼地區華語文能力測驗日程表 2020 Dates of TOCFL (Test of Chinese as a Foreign Language) in Indonesia 報名日期 場次 考試日期 考試地點 考試型式 考試時間 聯繫方式 Registration Session Test Date Location Test Type Test Time Contact Information Deadline Ukrida Kampus 1 Tunghai Education Center (東海大學教育中心) Jl. Tanjung Duren Raya 正式－ 2019-12-09至 Jl. Tanjung Duren Raya No 4, Gedung A, Lantai 1 1 2020-01-18 No.4, TOCFL 10:00~12:00 2020-12-27 Email: [email protected] Lab. Komputer, Gedung E, 聽讀－電腦 TEL: (021)2933-5932 Lt3, Jakarta HP:0877-8520-9914 Perguruan Bina Mulia Pontianak Jl. Abdul Rachman Saleh No A1, Pontianak 坤甸高雅文化學院 正式－ Contact person: 2 2020-01-11 無開放 Sekolah Bina Mulia TOCFL 10:00~12:00 黄如恩 / Misna 08125672324 Pontianak 聽讀－電腦 林意玲 / Megawati Limin 081253740010 Bank info: BCA 0290100089（ YAY PEND BINA MULIA ) 棉蘭菩提學校 蘇北留臺同學會 PERG.BUDDHIS 正式－ (ICATI SUMUT) 2019-12-16至 3 2020-02-16 BODHICITTA TOCFL 08:00~10:00 Jl. Brigjen Katamso Dalam No.56E Medan 20151 2020-01-16 JL. SELAM NO.39-41 聽讀－紙本 HP:0878-6711-5599 MEDAN Email: [email protected] Website:www.jtsid.org Email:[email protected] 雅加達臺灣學校 Contact Person:Inda Hsu Jakarta Taipei School 正式－ 2020-01-02至 TEL:(021)452-3273 #242 4 2020-02-29 Jl. Raya Kelapa Hybrida TOCFL 9:00~11:00 2020-01-30 HP:0813-8543-5909(MON~FRI Blok QH Kelapa Gading 聽讀－電腦 AM8:00~PM4:00) Permai , Jakarta, 14240 Bank info: BCA 413 302 2212(YAYASAN JAKARTA TAIPEI SCHOOL) 印尼慈濟學校 TZU CHI SCHOOL Jl.
    [Show full text]
  • 1 Stress and Coping Strategies Between Domestic and Overseas
    1 Stress and coping strategies between domestic and overseas Taiwanese people early during the COVID-19 crisis: government guiding as a stress-coping strategy Cheng-Che Chen, MD, MSc1,2, Harry Yi-Jui Wu, PhD3, Ming-Jui Yeh, PhD4, Austin Horng- En Wang, PhD5 1Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital - Biomedical Park Hospital, Hsinchu, Taiwan 2Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan 3Medical Ethics and Humanities Unit, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China 4Institute of Health Policy and Management, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan 5Department of Political Science, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, United States Corresponding Author Austin Horng-En Wang, PhD Department of Political Science, University of Nevada, 4505 S. Maryland Pkwy, Las Vegas, NV 89154, United States Tel: 702-895-3355 Email: [email protected] Cheng-Che Chen: [email protected] Ming-Jui Yeh: [email protected] Harry Yi-Jui Wu: [email protected] 2 Abstract Objective: This study exampled the domestic and overseas people's perceived stress during the early COVID-19 pandemic in relation to measures of coping strategies, some of which links to the government’s actions. Methods: We recruited 2727 respondents as Taiwanese from the COVIDiSTRESS Global Survey collected psychological and behavioral responses to the early COVID-19 pandemic between 30th March and 30th May, 2020 (N=173,426). The self-reported questionnaire included a modified 10-item Perceived Stress Scale to evaluate stress in the last week and a 16-item coping strategy scale. We applied a case-control design to compare 2469 domestic and 258 overseas Taiwanese participants.
    [Show full text]
  • IM--Edisi 25 JANUARI 2021.Indd
    INTERNATIONAL MEDIA, TTerkaiterkait LLaranganarangan PPerayaanerayaan CCapap GGoo MMeh,eh, MMABTABT KKetapangetapang SSiapiap SSosialisasikanosialisasikan EEdarandaran BBupatiupati KKetapangetapang KETAPANG (IM) - Sekaligus ikut mensosial- wabah Covid 19. Susilo Aheng menilai di Kabupaten Ketapang. Ketua Majelis Adat Budaya isasikan terkait larangan akti- “Kita juga sangat mengerti warga Tionghoa menjadi “Terkait surat edaran bu- Tionghoa (MABT) Kabupaten vitas perayaan Cap Go Meh dan sangat mentaati aturan garda terdepan dalam mem- pati, kami akan mensosialisa- Ketapang Susilo Aheng, Ka- tahun 2021. dari pemerintah. Pandemi bantu pemerintah daerah sikan kepada masyarakat Tion- mis (21/1) lalu memastikan Menurutnya dengan dike- Covid-19 ini adalah tanggung dalam memerangi pandemi ghoa di kabupaten Ketapang pihaknya akan mengikuti surat luarkannya surat edaran terse- jawab kita semua. Mudah- Covid-19. agar tidak merayakan Cap Go edaran Bupati Ketapang Mar- but demi mengendalikan dan mudahan pandemi segara Dia pun berharap virus Meh yang memicu kerumu- tin Rantan. memutus rantai penyebaran berakhir,” kata Susilo Aheng. corona tidak semakin meluas nan,” ujarnya. ● idn/din Ketua MABT Kabupaten Ketapang Susilo Aheng. 19 Tahun Berdirinya Perpetin Cirebon CIREBON (IM) - Paska curkan buku kumpulan sastra Buku kumpulan sastra tersebut Hui, Perpetin Cabang Cirebon Ha Ha”. Juga sering mementas- penulis Tionghoa Cirebon ber- ghoa Cirebon telah lebih dulu reformasi keterbukaan, me- “Xiacheng Fangge”. Kehadiran menghimpun artikel dari lebih terus berkembang.
    [Show full text]