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Bibliography NATIONAL PARK SERVICES In partnership with Penn State University BIBLIOGRAPHY (1994). “Agencies take on park overflights.”National Parks 68(5/6): 9. Reports on the plan of President Bill Clinton’s administration to devise regulations to reduce aircraft noise and visual intrusion in national parks. Companies’ offer of air tours; Exacerbation of problems of noise and visual intrusion by growth of helicopter tours; Situations at Halekala and Hawaii Volcanoes and national parks in Hawaii. (2002). “Big noise over the Grand Canyon.” Noise Notes 1(2): 9-10. The fate of the Grand Canyon National Park (GCNP), where increasing noise to what was operations over the GCNP. A Tourist attractions may become too popular. This is over-flights for “armchair” tourists are bringing once a place with only natural sounds. In an effort to bring the noise under control, the National Park Service has initiated a study to derive an evaluation methodology for air tour two zone system is being considered for impact assessment, leading to substantial restoration of natural quiet. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] Copyright of Noise Notes is the property of Multi-Science Publishing Co Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder’s express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) (2004). “Muffling the Noise.”Parks & Recreation 39(11): 37-37. Reports that muffler manufacturer SuperTrapp Industries has donated samples of its exhaust mufflers for Off-Road Recreation Vehicles to Silver Lake State Park in Michigan, to be used to educate riders and park rangers about sound level restrictions within the park. Information on the Off-Road Recreation Vehicles Act. (2009). Q&A Can You Still Find Peace and Quiet in our National Parks?, Wilderness Society: 18-19. The article interviews Karen Trevino, manager of natural sounds program and acoustic expert Kurt Fristrup. When asked about the natural sounds that can be heard in National Parks, they says that the call of the coyote, howling of wolf, and bird sounds can be heard in the parks. They states that they are receiving complaints about the sounds of motor vehicles which harms the natural environment. They believe that the noise can change and effect a person’s experience of visit to a national park. Aguilar Soto, N., et al. (2006). “Does Intense Ship Noise Disrupt Foraging In Deep-Diving Cuvier’s Beaked Whales (Ziphius Cavirostris)?” Marine Mammal Science 22(3): 690-699. Amoser, S., et al. (2004). “Noise emission during the first powerboat race in an Alpine lake and potential impact on fish communities.” The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 116(6): 3789-3797. In order to assess the effects of high-speed boating on fish communities, noise levels were measured during National Park Services Sounding Board Bibliography..........1 NATIONAL PARK SERVICES In partnership with Penn State University The first Class 1 powerboat race on the Austrian Lake Traunsee. The noise spectra were compared to natural ambient noise and hearing abilities of four native fish species. Sound pressure levels (SPLs) were significantly elevated during the training heats and the race compared with natural levels, reaching up to 128 dB re 1 μPa (instantaneous SPL) at a distance of 300 m to the powerboats. Continuous equivalent SPLs were significantly lower during training and the pole position race compared to the race itself because fewer boats were simultaneously on the lake. The hearing abilities of the native hearing specialists and generalists were investigated. While carp and roach (two cyprinids) showed enhanced auditory sensitivity typical for hearing specialists, perch and whitefish were much less sensitive to sounds. Comparisons between power boat noise spectra and audiograms showed that the cyprinids can detect the boats up to several hundred meters distance because the main noise energy is well within the most sensitive hearing range. The hearing generalists, however, probably only perceive the first harmonic of the boat noise at close distances. Anderson, M. A. (2008). “Revisited and Remembered.” Taproot Journal 18(2): 17-20. The article offers the author’s insights regarding natural landscapes and soundscapes and his trip in the Colorado Plateau. He mentions that natural landscape provides him an opportunity to quite his mind and space for contemplation wherein one of the most comforting feelings was returning to sound of river, blupes, and swees. He notes that natural soundscapes are necessary for his ecological understanding. Anderson, P. A., et al. (2011). “Sound, stress, and seahorses: the consequences of a noisy environment to animal health.” Aquaculture 311(1): 129-138. We examined stress responses to chronic noise exposure in a popular aquarium fish, the lined seahorse (Hippocampus erectus). Thirty-two animals were housed individually in either loud (123.3 ± 1.0 dB re: 1 μPa total RMS power at mid-water, 137.3 ± 0.7 dB at bottom) or quiet (110.6 ± 0.58 dB at mid-water, and 119.8 ± 0.4 dB at bottom) tanks for one month. Weekly behavioral observations were scored and compared between treatment means, as well as treatment variances, because stressed populations often exhibit increased variance in measures. At the end of each trial, animals were euthanized, assessed, and means and variances of the following measures were compared between treatments: weight change (ΔWt), change in Fulton condition factor (ΔK), hepatosomatic index, gonadosomatic index, leukocyte count and differential, packed cell volume, heterophil to lymphocyte (H:L) ratio, blood glucose concentration, plasma cortisol concentration, parasite presence/absence and number of organs infected, and presence/absence of bacterial infection. Among behavioral results, tail adjustments and reduced or variable percentage of time spent stationary were interpreted as irritation behaviors. Animals in loud tanks were more variable in the number of tail adjustments made; this difference was especially significant in week one, when loud tank animals also made significantly more adjustments. Animals in loud tanks also demonstrated greater variation in the percentage of time spent stationary in the first week. Variability in these measures subsided after the first week, presumably due to habituation. Piping and clicking were considered pathological and distress behaviors (respectively). Animals piped and clicked more variably in loud tanks; this variability was especially pronounced in week 4. Other behaviors were unremarkable. National Park Services Sounding Board Bibliography..........2 NATIONAL PARK SERVICES In partnership with Penn State University Among physiological results, animals in loud tanks declined in morphological indices more precipitously; these differences were significant in ΔWt and ΔK. Animals in loud tanks demonstrated significant and variable heterophilia and significantly higher and more variable H:L ratios. Plasma cortisol concentrations were higher among animals in loud tanks. Kidneys were significantly more affected by parasites in loud tanks. Other physiological measures were unremarkable. Seahorses exposed to loud ambient noise in aquaria exhibit primary, secondary, and tertiary stress responses at behavioral and physiological levels, necessitating allostasis at costs to growth, condition, and immune status. Aquarists and aquaculturists are thus advised to incorporate soundproofing modifications during design and set-up of facilities to improve fish health, and growth in culture. André, M., et al. (2011). “Low-frequency sounds induce acoustic trauma in cephalopods.” Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment 9(9): 489-493. There is currently relatively little information on how marine organisms process and analyze sound, making assessments about the impacts of artificial sound sources in the marine environment difficult. However, such assessments have become a priority because noise is now considered as a source of pollution that increasingly affects the natural balance of marine ecosystems. We present the first morphological and ultrastructural evidence of massive acoustic trauma, not compatible with life, in four cephalopod species subjected to low-frequency controlled-exposure experiments. Exposure to low-frequency sounds resulted in permanent and substantial alterations of the sensory hair cells of the statocysts, the structures responsible for the animals’ sense of balance and position. These results indicate a need for further environmental regulation of human activities that introduce high-intensity, low-frequency sounds in the world’s oceans. Andringa, T. C., et al. (2013). “Positioning soundscape research and management.” Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 134(4): 2739-2747. This paper is an outcome of a workshop that addressed the question how soundscape research can improve its impact on the local level. It addresses a number of topics by complementing existing approaches and practices with possible future approaches and practices. The paper starts with an analysis of the role of sound annoyance and suboptimal soundscapes on the lives of individuals and concludes that a good soundscape, or more generally a good sensescape, is at the same time pleasant as well as conducive for the adoption of healthy
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