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Marine Mammals Around Marine Renewable Energy Devices Using Active Sonar
TRACKING MARINE MAMMALS AROUND MARINE RENEWABLE ENERGY DEVICES USING ACTIVE SONAR GORDON HASTIE URN: 12D/328: 31 JULY 2013 This document was produced as part of the UK Department of Energy and Climate Change's offshore energy Strategic Environmental Assessment programme © Crown Copyright, all rights reserved. 1 SMRU Limited New Technology Centre North Haugh ST ANDREWS Fife KY16 9SR www.smru.co.uk Switch: +44 (0)1334 479100 Fax: +44 (0)1334 477878 Lead Scientist: Gordon Hastie Scientific QA: Carol Sparling Date: Wednesday, 31 July 2013 Report code: SMRUL-DEC-2012-002.v2 This report is to be cited as: Hastie, G.D. (2012). Tracking marine mammals around marine renewable energy devices using active sonar. SMRU Ltd report URN:12D/328 to the Department of Energy and Climate Change. September 2012 (unpublished). Approved by: Jared Wilson Operations Manager1 1 Photo credit (front page): R Shucksmith (www.rshucksmith.co.uk) 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS Table of Contents ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3 Table of Figures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 5 1. Non technical summary --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 9 2. Introduction ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 12 -
The 10Th EAA International Symposium on Hydroacoustics Jastrzębia Góra, Poland, May 17 – 20, 2016
ARCHIVES OF ACOUSTICS Copyright c 2016 by PAN – IPPT Vol. 41, No. 2, pp. 355–373 (2016) DOI: 10.1515/aoa-2016-0038 The 10th EAA International Symposium on Hydroacoustics Jastrzębia Góra, Poland, May 17 – 20, 2016 The 10th EAA International Symposium on Hy- Dr. Christopher Jenkins: Backscatter from In- droacoustics, which is also the 33rd Symposium on • tensely Biological Seabeds – Benthos Simulation Hydroacoustics in memory of Prof. Leif Børnø orga- Approaches; nized in Poland, will take place from May 17 to 20, Prof. Eugeniusz Kozaczka: Technical Support for 2016, in Jastrzębia Góra. It will be a forum for re- • National Border Protection on Vistula Lagoon and searchers, who are developing hydroacoustics and re- Vistula Spit; lated issues. The Symposium is organized by the Prof. Andrzej Nowicki et al.: Estimation of Ra- Gdańsk University of Technology and the Polish Naval • dial Artery Reactive Response using 20 MHz Ul- Academy. trasound; The Scientific Committee comprises of the world – Prof. Jerzy Wiciak: Advances in Structural Noise class experts in this field, coming from, among others, • Germany, UK, USA, Taiwan, Norway, Greece, Russia, Reduction in Fluid. Turkey and Poland. The chairman of Scientific Com- All accepted papers will be published in the periodical mittee is Prof. Eugeniusz Kozaczka, who is the Pres- “Hydroacoustics”. ident of Committee on Acoustics Polish Academy of Sciences and Chairman of Technical Committee Hy- droacoustics of European Acoustics Association. Abstracts The Symposium will include invited lectures, struc- -
Cetacean Population Density Estimation from Single Fixed Sensors Using Passive Acoustics
Cetacean population density estimation from single fixed sensors using passive acoustics Elizabeth T. Ku¨sela) and David K. Mellinger Cooperative Institute for Marine Resources Studies (CIMRS), Oregon State University, Hatfield Marine Science Center, Newport, Oregon 97365 Len Thomas Centre for Research into Ecological and Environmental Modelling, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews KY16 9LZ, Scotland Tiago A. Marques Centro de Estatı´stica e Aplicac¸o˜es da Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal David Moretti and Jessica Ward Naval Undersea Warfare Center Division, Newport, Rhode Island 02841 (Received 17 December 2010; revised 18 March 2011; accepted 30 March 2011) Passive acoustic methods are increasingly being used to estimate animal population density. Most density estimation methods are based on estimates of the probability of detecting calls as functions of distance. Typically these are obtained using receivers capable of localizing calls or from studies of tagged animals. However, both approaches are expensive to implement. The approach described here uses a MonteCarlo model to estimate the probability of detecting calls from single sensors. The passive sonar equation is used to predict signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) of received clicks, which are then combined with a detector characterization that predicts probability of detection as a func- tion of SNR. Input distributions for source level, beam pattern, and whale depth are obtained from the literature. Acoustic propagation modeling is used to estimate transmission loss. Other inputs for density estimation are call rate, obtained from the literature, and false positive rate, obtained from manual analysis of a data sample. The method is applied to estimate density of Blainville’s beaked whales over a 6-day period around a single hydrophone located in the Tongue of the Ocean, Baha- mas. -
Interface Design for Sonobuoy Systems
Interface Design for Sonobuoy Systems by Huei-Yen Winnie Chen A thesis presented to the University of Waterloo in fulfillment of the thesis requirement for the degree of Master of Applied Science in Systems Design Engineering Waterloo, Ontario, Canada, 2007 ©Huei-Yen Winnie Chen 2007 AUTHOR'S DECLARATION I hereby declare that I am the sole author of this thesis. This is a true copy of the thesis, including any required final revisions, as accepted by my examiners. I understand that my thesis may be made electronically available to the public. ii Abstract Modern sonar systems have greatly improved their sensor technology and processing techniques, but little effort has been put into display design for sonar data. The enormous amount of acoustic data presented by the traditional frequency versus time display can be overwhelming for a sonar operator to monitor and analyze. The recent emphasis placed on networked underwater warfare also requires the operator to create and maintain awareness of the overall tactical picture in order to improve overall effectiveness in communication and sharing of critical data. In addition to regular sonar tasks, sonobuoy system operators must manage the deployment of sonobuoys and ensure proper functioning of deployed sonobuoys. This thesis examines an application of the Ecological Interface Design framework in the interface design of a sonobuoy system on board a maritime patrol aircraft. Background research for this thesis includes a literature review, interviews with subject matter experts, and an analysis of the decision making process of sonar operators from an information processing perspective. A work domain analysis was carried out, which yielded a dual domain model: the domain of sonobuoy management and the domain of tactical situation awareness address the two different aspects of the operator's work. -
Assessment of Natural and Anthropogenic Sound Sources and Acoustic Propagation in the North Sea
UNCLASSIFIED Oude Waalsdorperweg 63 P.O. Box 96864 2509 JG The Hague The Netherlands TNO report www.tno.nl TNO-DV 2009 C085 T +31 70 374 00 00 F +31 70 328 09 61 [email protected] Assessment of natural and anthropogenic sound sources and acoustic propagation in the North Sea Date February 2009 Author(s) Dr. M.A. Ainslie, Dr. C.A.F. de Jong, Dr. H.S. Dol, Dr. G. Blacquière, Dr. C. Marasini Assignor The Netherlands Ministry of Transport, Public Works and Water Affairs; Directorate-General for Water Affairs Project number 032.16228 Classification report Unclassified Title Unclassified Abstract Unclassified Report text Unclassified Appendices Unclassified Number of pages 110 (incl. appendices) Number of appendices 1 All rights reserved. No part of this report may be reproduced and/or published in any form by print, photoprint, microfilm or any other means without the previous written permission from TNO. All information which is classified according to Dutch regulations shall be treated by the recipient in the same way as classified information of corresponding value in his own country. No part of this information will be disclosed to any third party. In case this report was drafted on instructions, the rights and obligations of contracting parties are subject to either the Standard Conditions for Research Instructions given to TNO, or the relevant agreement concluded between the contracting parties. Submitting the report for inspection to parties who have a direct interest is permitted. © 2009 TNO Summary Title : Assessment of natural and anthropogenic sound sources and acoustic propagation in the North Sea Author(s) : Dr. -
Fixed Sonar Systems the History and Future of The
THE SUBMARINE REVIEW FIXED SONAR SYSTEMS THE HISTORY AND FUTURE OF THE UNDEWATER SILENT SENTINEL by LT John Howard, United States Navy Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, California Undersea Warfare Department Executive Summary One of the most challenging aspects of Anti-Submarine War- fare (ASW) has been the detection and tracking of submerged contacts. One of the most successful means of achieving this goal was the Sound Surveillance System (SOSUS) developed by the United States Navy in the early 1950's. It was designed using breakthrough discoveries of the propagation paths of sound through water and intended to monitor the growing submarine threat of the Soviet Union. SOSUS provided cueing of transiting Soviet submarines to allow for optimal positioning of U.S. ASW forces for tracking and prosecution of these underwater threats. SOSUS took on an even greater national security role with the advent of submarine launched ballistic missiles, ensuring that U.S. forces were aware of these strategic liabilities in case hostilities were ever to erupt between the two superpowers. With the end of the Cold War, SOSUS has undergone a number of changes in its utilization, but is finding itself no less relevant as an asset against the growing number of modern quiet submarines proliferating around the world. Introduction For millennia, humans seeking to better defend themselves have set up observation posts along the ingress routes to their key strongholds. This could consist of something as simple as a person hidden in a tree, to extensive networks of towers communicating 1 APRIL 2011 THE SUBMARINE REVIEW with signal fires. -
Sonar: Empire, Media, and the Politics of Underwater Sound
Sonar: Empire, Media, and the Politics of Underwater Sound John Shiga Ryerson University ABSTRACT This article traces the development of acoustic navigation media, or “sonar,” in the first half of the twentieth century, focusing on the relationships forged between underwater sound, electric media, and new techniques of listening. The central argument is that sonar shaped, and was shaped by, the expansion of warfare and capital underwater, and that this expansion came to be conceptualized by nautical organizations as dependent upon the con - trol of underwater sound. Through analysis of key episodes in the conquest of subsea space, the author explores scientific, military, and commercial efforts to sense underwater objects and demonstrates how these efforts helped reconceptualize oceanic water as a component of undersea acoustic media and led to the material reorganization of the ocean’s acoustic field. KEYWORDS Sonar; Military communication; Materiality; Subjectivity RÉSUMÉ Cet article retrace le développement de médias acoustiques de navigation ou « sonars » dans la première moitié du vingtième siècle en mettant l’accent sur les rapports créés entre les sons sous-marins, les médias électriques et les nouvelles techniques d’écoute. L’argument central de l’article est qu’il y a eu une influence réciproque entre le sonar et l’expansion sous-marine de la guerre et du capital, et que les organisations nautiques ont commencé à concevoir cette expansion comme nécessitant le contrôle des sons sous-marins. Au moyen d’une analyse d’épisodes clés dans la conquête de l’espace sous-marin, l’auteur explore les efforts scientifiques, militaires et commerciaux pour repérer les objets sous l’eau et démontre comment ces efforts ont aidé à réaliser une nouvelle conception de l’eau océanique comme composante des médias acoustiques sous-marins, menant à une réorganisation matérielle du champ acoustique de l’océan. -
Appendix A: Navy Activities Descriptions
Appendix A: Navy Activities Descriptions NORTHWEST TRAINING AND TESTING FINAL EIS/OEIS OCTOBER 2015 TABLE OF CONTENTS APPENDIX A NAVY ACTIVITIES DESCRIPTIONS .............................................................................. A-1 A.1 TRAINING ACTIVITIES ................................................................................................................. A-1 A.1.1 ANTI-AIR WARFARE TRAINING ............................................................................................................ A-1 A.1.1.1 Air Combat Maneuver ............................................................................................................... A-2 A.1.1.2 Missile Exercise (Air-to-Air) ....................................................................................................... A-3 A.1.1.3 Gunnery Exercise (Surface-to-Air) ............................................................................................. A-4 A.1.1.4 Missile Exercise (Surface-to-Air) ................................................................................................ A-5 A.1.2 ANTI-SURFACE WARFARE TRAINING ..................................................................................................... A-6 A.1.2.1 Gunnery Exercise Surface-to-Surface (Ship) .............................................................................. A-7 A.1.2.2 Missile Exercise Air-to-Surface .................................................................................................. A-8 A.1.2.3 High-speed Anti-Radiation Missile -
Underwater 3D Data Collection ______
Worcester Polytechnic Institute Electrical and Computer Engineering Program Mechanical Engineering Program Underwater 3D Data Collection __________________________________________________________ A Major Qualifying Project Report Submitted to the Faculty of WORCESTER POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Bachelor of Science by: Noah Budris, ME Tyler LaCroce, ECE Daniel Pelaez, ECE __________________________________________________________________ Project Advisor: Professor William Michalson Date: March 6, 2020 Abstract: Each year, thousands of pounds of marine litter are lost at sea. This litter consists primarily of lost cargo containers, lost fishing gear, and general garbage. This marine litter not only causes harm to the aquatic ecosystem, but makes up billions of dollars of lost revenue. With methods of 3D data collection becoming cheaper and more prevalent, a solution to recover lost items is more possible than ever. This report outlines our contribution to solving this problem by providing a detailed analysis of a constructed prototype that utilizes sonar in conjunction with a visualization program, an amplification circuit, and a mobile floatation platform to map the bottom of a water body. Ideally, man-made discrepancies discovered by this device will alert the end user, allowing for them to continually manage the amount of marine litter that ends up lost, and prevent it from getting larger. 1 Acknowledgements: This research was supported by Worcester Polytechnic Institute. We would like to thank our advisor, Professor William Michalson of Worcester Polytechnic Institute for his continued support and guidance throughout our research and the MQP process as a whole. We would like to thank Nicholas Pulsone, John Pietrzyk, and Paul Ryu from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology for providing us with one of the sonar devices used for initial testing and understanding of sonar functionality. -
Long-Term Autonomous Hydrophones for Large-Scale Hydroacoustic Monitoring of the Oceans Jean-François D’Eu, Jean-Yves Royer, Julie Perrot
Long-term autonomous hydrophones for large-scale hydroacoustic monitoring of the oceans Jean-François d’Eu, Jean-Yves Royer, Julie Perrot To cite this version: Jean-François d’Eu, Jean-Yves Royer, Julie Perrot. Long-term autonomous hydrophones for large- scale hydroacoustic monitoring of the oceans. Yeosu 2012, May 2012, Yeosu, North Korea. pp.1-6, 10.1109/OCEANS-Yeosu.2012.6263519. insu-00817948 HAL Id: insu-00817948 https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-00817948 Submitted on 22 May 2019 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Long-term autonomous hydrophones for large-scale hydroacoustic monitoring of the oceans Jean-François D’Eu, Jean-Yves Royer, Julie Perrot Laboratoire Domaines Océaniques CNRS and University of Brest Plouzané, France [email protected] Abstract—We have developed a set of long-term autonomous hydrophones dedicated to long-term monitoring of low-frequency A. Monitoring ocean seismicity at a broad scale sounds in the ocean (<120Hz). Deploying arrays of such Seismicity in the ocean is usually recorded with the help of hydrophones (at least 4 instruments) proves a very efficient seismometers, such as Ocean Bottom Seismometers (OBS), approach to monitor acoustic events of geological origin placed in the proximity of active areas. -
Przegląd Sił Zbrojnych” Materiałów Tekstowych I Graficznych Opisuje Regulamin Dostępny Na Stronie Głównej Portalu Polska-Zbrojna.Pl
Działania Uwaga konkurs! Reforma opóźniajace „Taktyczne dylematy” Bundeswehry Cena 10 zł (w tym 5% VAT) nr 1 / 2016 PRZEGLĄD styczeń–luty SIŁWOJSKOWY ZBROJNYCH INSTYTUT WYDAWNICZY ISSN 2353-1975 ISSN 2353-1975 POLSKA ZBROJNA PRENU- MERATA ROCZNA: 12 WYDAŃ W CENIE 10 ZAMÓW PRENUMERATĘ NA 2016 ROK e-mailem: [email protected] listownie: Wojskowy Instytut Wydawniczy, 00-909 Warszawa, Aleje Jerozolimskie 97 telefonicznie: +48 261 840 400 Warunkiem rozpoczęcia wysyłki jest wpłata 65 zł do 15 stycznia 2016 roku na konto: 23 1130 1017 0020 1217 3820 0002 Szanowni WOJSKOWY INSTYTUT WYDAWNICZY Aleje Jerozolimskie 97 Czytelnicy! 00-909 Warszawa e-mail: [email protected] Dyrektor Wojskowego Instytutu Wydawniczego: PŁK DARIUSZ KACPERCZYK e-mail: [email protected] tel.: 261 845 365, 261 845 685 Norbert Bączyk faks: 261 845 503 Redaktor naczelny: Działania opóźniające, którym poświęciliśmy w noworocznym numerze szczególną uwa- WOJCIECH KISS-ORSKI gę, zaliczane są do podstawowych rodzajów walki. Z definicji obejmują one wiele kolejnych tel.: 261 840 222 starć o charakterze obronnym i okresowo zaczepnym, wymagają stosowania manewrów e-mail: [email protected] i działań mających na celu osłabienie potencjału atakującego przeciwnika, a ich ostatecz- Redaktor wydawniczy: nym celem jest zatrzymanie jego natarcia. Sztuka trudna, zważywszy na fakt, że z oczywi- NORBERT BĄCZYK stych powodów prowadzi się je przeciwko przeważającym siłom przeciwnika. To on ma ini- tel.: 261 84 51 86 cjatywę, to on naciera, podczas gdy obrońca musi ważyć ryzyko, uważać, aby w najdogod- Redaktor prowadzący: niejszym momencie odejść na kolejną, pośrednią pozycję opóźniania, zanim przeciwnik płk rez. dr JAN BRZOZOWSKI zdąży skoncentrować dość sił do skutecznego ciosu. -
MARITIME Security &Defence M
June MARITIME 2021 a7.50 Security D 14974 E &Defence MSD From the Sea and Beyond ISSN 1617-7983 • Key Developments in... • Amphibious Warfare www.maritime-security-defence.com • • Asia‘s Power Balance MITTLER • European Submarines June 2021 • Port Security REPORT NAVAL GROUP DESIGNS, BUILDS AND MAINTAINS SUBMARINES AND SURFACE SHIPS ALL AROUND THE WORLD. Leveraging this unique expertise and our proven track-record in international cooperation, we are ready to build and foster partnerships with navies, industry and knowledge partners. Sovereignty, Innovation, Operational excellence : our common future will be made of challenges, passion & engagement. POWER AT SEA WWW.NAVAL-GROUP.COM - Design : Seenk Naval Group - Crédit photo : ©Naval Group, ©Marine Nationale, © Ewan Lebourdais NAVAL_GROUP_AP_2020_dual-GB_210x297.indd 1 28/05/2021 11:49 Editorial Hard Choices in the New Cold War Era The last decade has seen many of the foundations on which post-Cold War navies were constructed start to become eroded. The victory of the United States and its Western Allies in the unfought war with the Soviet Union heralded a new era in which navies could forsake many of the demands of Photo: author preparing for high intensity warfare. Helping to ensure the security of the maritime shipping networks that continue to dominate global trade and the vast resources of emerging EEZs from asymmetric challenges arguably became many navies’ primary raison d’être. Fleets became focused on collabora- tive global stabilisation far from home and structured their assets accordingly. Perhaps the most extreme example of this trend has been the German Navy’s F125 BADEN-WÜRTTEMBERG class frig- ates – hugely sophisticated and expensive ships designed to prevail only in lower threat environments.