Jeffreys Farm
Horsted Keynes
West Sussex
Preliminary Ecological Appraisal
June 2016
Jefferys Farm, Horsted Keynes June 2016
Contents 1.0 INTRODUCTION ...... 4 BACKGROUND ...... 4 SITE CONTEXT AND STATUS ...... 4 PLANNING POLICIES ...... 6 2.0 METHODOLOGY ...... 8 DESKTOP STUDY ...... 8 PRELIMINARY ECOLOGICAL APPRAISAL ...... 8 INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL BAT SURVEYS ...... 9 TREE ASSESSMENT FOR BATS ...... 10 BADGER SURVEY ...... 11 HABITAT SUITABILITY FOR REPTILES ...... 12 HABITAT SUITABILITY FOR GREAT CRESTED NEWTS ...... 12 OTHER SPECIES ...... 13 HEDGEROW REGULATIONS ...... 13 LIMITATIONS ...... 15 3.0 RESULTS ...... 16 DESKTOP STUDY ...... 16 HABITAT PHASE 1 SURVEY ...... 18 INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL BAT AND BARN OWL SURVEY ...... 23 TREE SURVEY FOR ROOSTING BATS ...... 27 BADGER SURVEY ...... 29 HABITAT SUITABILITY FOR REPTILES ...... 29 HABITAT SUITABILITY FOR GREAT CRESTED NEWTS ...... 31 OTHER SPECIES ...... 33 4.0 DISCUSSION ...... 34 SITE ...... 34 HABITAT ...... 35 PROTECTED SPECIES ...... 35 GENERAL SITE ENHANCEMENTS ...... 42 5.0 CONCLUSIONS ...... 43 6.0 REFERENCES ...... 45 APPENDIX 1. PHASE 1 HABITAT MAP ...... 46 APPENDIX 2: PHOTO DOCUMENT ...... 47 APPENDIX 3: BIOLOGICAL RECORDS ...... 48
The Ecology Partnership 2 Jefferys Farm, Horsted Keynes June 2016
LIABILITIES:
Whilst every effort has been made to guarantee the accuracy of this report, it should be noted that living animals and plants are capable of migration/establishing and whilst such species may not have been located during the survey duration, their presence may be found on a site at a later date.
This report provides a snap shot of the species that were present at the time of the survey only and does not consider seasonal variation. Furthermore, where access is limited or the site supports habitats which are densely vegetated only dominant species maybe recorded.
The recommendations contained within this document are based on a reasonable timeframe between the completion of the survey and the commencement of any works. If there is any delay between the commencement of works that may conflict with timeframes laid out within this document, or have the potential to allow the ingress of protected species, a suitably qualified ecologist should be consulted.
It is the duty of care of the landowner/developer to act responsibly and comply with current environmental legislation if protected species are suspected or found prior to or during works.
The Ecology Partnership 3 Jefferys Farm, Horsted Keynes June 2016
1.0 Introduction
Background
1.1 The Ecology Partnership Ltd was commissioned by Dowsett Mayhew to undertake a
preliminary ecological appraisal at land at Jeffreys Farm, Horsted Keynes, West Sussex.
1.2 This report presents the results of The Ecology Partnership’s surveys in and around the
site, which aims specifically to assess the sites potential to support protected species and
protected habitats that may be affected by the proposed development.
1.3 Section 2 of this report sets out the methodologies of The Ecology Partnership’s surveys.
In section 3 the results of the surveys are presented. Discussions and implications for
development are found in section 4, including general site enhancements. Conclusions
drawn from the report are presented in section 5.
Site Context and Status
1.4 The proposed development site comprises a section of agricultural land at Jefferies Farm,
Horsted Keynes, West Sussex, incorporating an existing chicken farm and agricultural
buildings as well as land used for pasture. The main village of Horsted Keynes is located
to the east of the site the other side of Sugar Lane, the remaining surrounds of the site are
made up of pasture fields, hedgerows, blocks of woodland and low density residential
property.
1.5 The approximate red line boundary of the site is shown below in figure 1. This was also
the approximate survey boundary.
The Ecology Partnership 4 Jefferys Farm, Horsted Keynes June 2016
Figure 1: Approximate location of the red line boundary. The yellow outline is private
property and is not part of the application site.
Description of Proposed Development
1.6 It is understood the current proposals are yet to be finalised and will be influenced by a
number of surveys of which ecology is one. However the scheme is likely to involve the
construction of residential dwellings within the northern field and in place of the existing
agricultural buildings.
The Ecology Partnership 5 Jefferys Farm, Horsted Keynes June 2016
Planning Policies
1.7 National and local planning policies may have an affect on the proposed development.
The following paragraphs identify relevant planning policies and discuss these in the
context of the site.
1.8 Under the NERC Act (2006) “Every public authority must, in exercising its functions, have
regard, so far as is consistent with the proper exercise of those functions, to the purpose of
conserving biodiversity”. In order to comply with this ‘Biodiversity Duty’, planning
decisions must ensure that they adequately consider the potential ecological impacts of a
proposed development.
1.9 National policy guidance is provided by National Planning Policy Framework (NPPF),
which sets out the Government's planning policies for England and how they should be
applied. Several sections are considered to be relevant;
‘In preparing plans to meet development needs, the aim should be to minimise pollution and other
adverse effects on the local and natural environment. Plans should allocate land with the least
environmental or amenity value, where consistent with other policies in this Framework.’
And;
‘Planning policies and decisions should encourage the effective use of land by re-using land that
has been previously developed (brownfield land), provided that it is not of high environmental
value. Local planning authorities may continue to consider the case for setting a locally
appropriate target for the use of brownfield land.’
1.10 The site falls under the jurisdiction of the Mid Sussex District Council. The District Plan
2014-2031 is yet to be finalised. Currently planning applications are determined from
saved policies from the Mid Sussex Local Plan which was adopted in 2004 and contains
policies relating to nature conservation:
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B6: “Proposals for development which would result in the loss of areas of public or private open
space of particular importance to the locality by virtue of their recreational, historical,
conservation, wildlife or amenity value will not be permitted. Where such open space is to be lost
to development, for whatever reason, appropriate alternative provision may be sought elsewhere.”
B7: “Development resulting in the loss of trees which are of significant public amenity value will
be resisted. Surgery on protected trees will only be permitted where their overall appearance and
visual amenity value would not be adversely affected. Similarly the felling of protected trees will
only be permitted if there is no appropriate alternative. Where a protected tree or group of trees is
felled a replacement tree or group of trees will normally be required.”
C5: “Proposals for development or changes of use of management within Sites of Special Scientific
Interest, Sites of Nature Conservation Importance, Local Nature Reserves, Ancient Woodlands or
to other sites or areas identified as being of nature conservation or geological importance,
including wildlife corridors will be subject to rigorous examination, and only permitted where the
proposal, by virtue of design and layout, minimises the impact on features of nature conservation
importance. Proposals should take advantage of opportunities for habitat creation wherever
possible.
The weight to be attached to nature conservation interests will reflect the relative significance of
designations. Special scrutiny will be applied to those sites which are statutorily designated.”
C6: “Development resulting in the loss of woodlands, hedgerows and trees which are important in
the landscape, or as natural habitats, or historically, will be resisted.”
1.12 Mid Sussex also have policies relating to development close to Ashdown Forest: From the
1st January 2015, if you are planning to build houses within 7km of Ashdown Forest, you
are required to make two separate financial contributions for each property that you
build. A completed Planning Obligation Instruction Form will need to be included
alongside your planning application. These contributions ensure that the effects of any
increase in visitors to Ashdown Forest, as a result of these extra dwellings, is mitigated
by:
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• Contributing to a Suitable Alternative Natural Greenspace (SANG) - this area
has been identified as East Court & Ashplats Wood in East Grinstead
• Contributing to ongoing visitor management projects and monitoring on
Ashdown Forest - Strategic Access Management and Monitoring (SAMM)
1.13 This report addresses the site in relation to nature conservation and wildlife and indeed
to the local planning requirements as well as national planning and nature conservation
legislation. The site is not located on or adjacent to any SSSIs, or other statutory
designated sites for nature conservation. The ecology surveys undertaken by The Ecology
Partnership have been undertaken to ensure that the nature conservation value of the site
has been characterised and local and national planning policies are addressed. The report
has been produced with reference to current guidelines for preliminary ecological
appraisal (CIEEM 2013) and in accordance with BS 42020:2013 Biodiversity – Code of
Practise for Planning and Development.
2.0 Methodology
Desktop Study
2.1 A desktop study search was completed using an internet-based mapping service
(www.magic.gov.uk) for statutory designated sites and two internet-based aerial
mapping services (maps.google.co.uk) were used to understand the habitats present in
and around the survey area and habitat linkages and features (ponds, woodlands etc.)
within the wider landscape.
Preliminary Ecological Appraisal
2.2 An extended preliminary ecological appraisal was undertaken on 11th May 2016 by Chris
Jennings BSc (Hons) MSc MCIEEM and Emma Bagguley BSc (Hons) MSc. The surveyors
identified the habitats present, following the standard ‘Phase 1 habitat survey’ auditing
method developed by the Joint Nature Conservancy Council (JNCC). The site was
surveyed on foot and the existing habitats and land uses were recorded on an
appropriately scaled map (JNCC 2010). In addition, the dominant plant species in each
The Ecology Partnership 8 Jefferys Farm, Horsted Keynes June 2016
habitat were recorded. The potential for the site to support protected species was also
assessed.
Internal and External Bat Surveys
2.3 An internal and external examination of the buildings was undertaken. Buildings that are
considered to have a high potential to support roosting bats would include the following:
• Agricultural buildings (e.g. farmhouses, barns and out buildings) of traditional brick
or stone construction and/or with exposed beams;
• Buildings with weather boarding and/or hanging tiles that are within 200m of
woodland and/or water;
• Pre 1960s detached buildings and structures within 200m of woodland and/or water;
• Pre 1914 buildings within 400m of woodland and/or water;
• Pre 1914 buildings with gable ends or slate roofs regardless of location;
• Buildings which are located within or immediately adjacent to woodland and/or
immediately adjacent to water;
• Dutch barns or livestock buildings with a single skin roof and board and gap or
Yorkshire boarding if, following a preliminary roost assessment the site, appear to
be particularly suited to bats.
2.4 The surveyors assessed the buildings visually and searched for evidence such as:
• Staining beneath or around a hole caused by natural oils in bat fur.
• Bat droppings beneath a hole, roost or resting area.
• Audible squeaking from within a hole.
• Insects (especially flies) around a hole.
• Dead bats.
2.5 The buildings were accessed during the day. An external investigation assessed the tiles,
any weatherboarding and structural timber joints of the building. This was undertaken in
order to see if there were access points readily available for bats to utilise or crevices that
bats could be roosting in.
The Ecology Partnership 9 Jefferys Farm, Horsted Keynes June 2016
Tree Assessment for Bats
2.6 As well as roosting in buildings, bats can use trees to rest, give birth, raise young and/or
hibernate. Roosts may be found in the following features:
• Woodpecker holes, natural cracks and rot holes in trunks and branches
• Frost cracks
• Trunk and branch splits
• Hollow sections of trunk and branches
• Loose bark
• Cavities beneath old root buttresses and coppice stools
• Dense epicormic growth
• Dense ivy cover
2.7 Veteran trees typically exhibit many of these features and should usually be regarded as
sites with clear potential, but any tree possessing one or more such feature, may host
bats. Any tree species can be suitable but oak and beech often seem to be the preferred
option. However, bats rarely restrict themselves to one tree. They change their roost sites
frequently, sometimes every two to three days, looking for small differences in
temperature and humidity.
2.8 Roosts of bats in trees may be identified from the following field signs:
• Black stains beneath cracks, splits and other features where bat droppings have
fallen;
• Dark marks at entrance points where bats have rubbed against the wood and left
natural body oils;
• Feeding remains beneath roosts, such as insect wings;
• Chattering of bats;
• Bat droppings under access points;
• Scratch marks around a feature (cavity or split) caused by bat claws;
• Urine stains below the entrance or end of split;
• Large roosts or regularly used sites may produce an odour;
• Flies around the entrance, attracted by the smell of guano.
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2.9 Trees scheduled for arboricultural work should also be assessed, and may be categorised
(Table 1) to relate the value of their features to recommended actions. This approach
allows trees to be graded according to their potential to support bat roosts. Trees may be
assessed as having the potential to support bats (from an individual to a larger roost)
even if no bats have been found.
Table 1. Protocol for visual inspection of trees due to be affected by arboricultural work, to assess the value of the trees to bats. Taken from Table 4.1 within the ‘Bat Surveys for Professional Ecologists: Good Practice Guidelines (3rd edition), 2016’.
Suitability Description Roosting habitat Negligible Negligible habitat features on-site likely to be used by roosting bats. Low A tree of sufficient size and age to contain PRFs* but with none seen from the ground or features seen with only very limited roosting potential. Moderate A tree with one or more potential roost sites that could be used by bats due to their size, shelter, protection, conditions and surrounding habitat but unlikely to support a roost of high conservation status. High A tree with one or more potential roost sites that are obviously suitable for use by larger numbers of bats on a more regular basis and potentially for longer periods of time due to their size, shelter, protection, conditions and surrounding habitat. *Potential roost features
Badger Survey
2.10 A badger survey was undertaken at the site to assess if badgers were using the area and
if any setts were located on the site and 30m away from the site that might constrain
development. The evaluation of badger activity was based on methodology developed
for the National Survey of Badgers (Creswell et al., 1990) and includes searching for
badger field signs such as setts, badger pathways, tracks (pawprints), dung piles with
latrines, badger hairs and feeding signs such as snuffle holes.
2.11 During the survey, all habitats potentially suitable for badgers were systematically
examined for evidence of badger activity including:
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• Setts: several sett types may be present within a social group territory, ranging
from a single hole to numerous interconnecting tunnels. Setts can be categorised
into main, annexe, subsidiary and outlier (Wilson et al., 1997);
• Latrine sites: badgers characteristically deposit dung in pits, which may be located
along the boundaries and within the social group territory. These sites serve as
means of inter- and intra-group communication;
• Paths and runs: well used routes between setts and/or foraging areas. Often used
by generations of badgers;
• Snuffle holes: areas of disturbed vegetation often formed by badgers foraging for
ground dwelling invertebrates such as earthworms and larvae and the
underground storage organs of plants;
• Hair: often found among spoil and bedding outside entrances to setts or snagged
on fences (such as barbwire) along well-used runs; and
• Footprints: easily distinguishable from other large mammal species. Often found
along paths and runs or in spoil outside sett entrances.
Habitat Suitability for Reptiles
2.12 Habitat surveys were carried out to assess the potential of the site to hold populations of
reptile species. This involved looking for the presence of factors that would increase the
suitability of the site for reptiles such as:
• Scrub and grassland (long sward) mosaic across the site;
• Features that can be potential hibernation sites for common reptiles such as log piles;
• Grass tussocks within the grassland that can act as shelter and burrowing sites;
• Water bodies or damp places on site (grass snakes);
• Compost heaps or decaying vegetation (slow worms);
• Features that can act as refugia on the ground such as disused roofing felt.
Habitat Suitability for Great Crested Newts
2.13 Habitat surveys were carried out to assess the potential of the site to hold great crested
newts (Triturus cristatus). Before visiting site, searches on Google Maps and Magic Maps
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were carried out to assess the habitat types in the wider landscape. On site, surveyors
looked for the presence of factors that would increase the suitability of the site for great
crested newts (GCNs) such as:
• The presence of suitable breeding place (water bodies) on site and within 500m of
the site in the wider landscape;
• Habitat connectivity between ponds (if present) in the wider landscape and on site;
• The condition of the ponds whether there were factors that would render them
unsuitable for GCNs such as fish;
• Land uses surrounding the site that may affect the potential of the site to hold
GCNs such as agriculture;
• Type of suitable habitat on site such as scrub/grassland mosaic;
• Patches of woodland in the wider landscape that can provide terrestrial habitat;
• Any barriers between known populations of GCNs such as motorways and roads;
• Hibernation features on site for GCNs such as log and rubble piles.
Other Species
2.14 Additionally, the site was inspected for indications of the presence of protected species as
follows:
• Relevant habitat for dormice such as dense deciduous woodland, coppice and
thick shrubbery;
• The presence of suitable freshwater habitat for white-clawed crayfish;
• The presence of ditches for water voles;
• The presence of fresh water stream/rivers for otters;
• Suitable nesting places for birds;
• Other potential protected species.
Hedgerow regulations
2.15 The hedgerows were assessed under the criteria of the Hedgerow Regulations 1997 (as
amended 2002). Under the criteria, to be determined as ‘important’, a hedgerow must be
at least 30 years old and meet at least one of the additional criteria as summarised below:
• Marks a pre-1850 parish or township boundary
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• Incorporates an archaeological feature
• Is part of, or associated with, an archaeological site
• Marks the boundary of, or is associated with pre-1600 estate or manor.
• Forms an integral part of a pre-Parliamentary enclosure field system.
• Contains certain categories of species of birds, animals or plants listed in the
Wildlife and Countryside Act or Joint Nature Conservation Committee (JNCC)
publications
2.16 To be determined as ‘species-rich’, the hedgerow much include:
• a) at least 7 woody species, on average, in a 30 metre length;
• b) at least 6 woody species, on average, in a 30 metre length and has at least 3
associated features;
• c) at least 6 woody species, on average, in a 30 metre length, including a black
poplar tree, or large-leaved lime, or small-leaved lime, or wild service-tree; or
• d) at least 5 woody species, on average, in a 30 metre length and has at least 4
associated features.
The number of woody species is reduced by one in northern counties. The list of 56
woody species comprises mainly shrubs and trees. It generally excludes climbers (such as
clematis, honeysuckle and bramble) but includes wild roses.
The hedgerow may also be considered as ‘important’ if the hedgerow runs alongside a
bridleway, footpath, road used as a public path, or a byway open to all traffic and
includes at least 4 woody species, on average, in a 30 metre length and has at least 2 of
the associated features listed at (i) to (vii) below:
• a bank or wall supporting the hedgerow;
• less than 10% gaps;
• on average, at least one tree per 50 metres;
• at least 3 species from a list of 57 woodland plants;
• a ditch;
• a number of connections with other hedgerows, ponds or woodland; and
• a parallel hedge within 15 metres.
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Limitations
2.17 It should be noted that whilst every effort has been made to provide a comprehensive
description of the site, no single investigation could ensure the complete characterisation
and prediction of the natural environment. The site was visited over the period of one
site visit, as such seasonal variations cannot be observed and potentially only a selection
of all species that potentially occur within the site have been recorded. Therefore, the
survey provides a general assessment of potential nature conservation value of the site
and does not include a definitive plant species list.
2.18 The protected species assessment provides a preliminary view of the likelihood of
protected species occurring on site, based on the suitability of the habitat and any direct
evidence on site. It should not be taken as providing a full and definitive survey of any
protected species group. The assessment is only valid for the time when the survey was
carried out. Additional surveys may be recommended if, on the basis of this assessment it
is considered reasonably likely that protected species may be present.
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3.0 Results
Desktop Study
3.1. There are several statutory designated sites for nature conservation located within the
local area, these include:
• Freshfields Lane SSSI approximately 1km south of site;
• Eastern Road Nature Reserve LNR approximately 3.5km south west of site;
• Ashdown Forest SSSI, SPA, SAC approximately 3.8km north east of site;
• Philpots and Hook Quaries LNR approximately 4.0km north west of site;
3.2. Several areas of ancient woodland are present within the local area, the closest parcels to
the site are:
• Coneyborough Wood area of ancient & semi-natural woodland – located 100m to
the south;
• Parsons Wood area of ancient replanted woodland – located 100m to the north
west of the site;
• Sandpits Wood area of ancient & semi-natural woodland – located 300m to the
south east of site;
• Lindfield Wood are of ancient & semi-natural woodland – located 375m south of
site; and
• Pains Wood area of ancient & semi-natural woodland – locate 375m to the north
of site.
3.3. Satellite imagery revealed two ponds within a 250m radius of the site boundary and
many more in the wider landscape.
3.4. A 2km data search was requested from the Sussex Biological Records Centre. The records
closest to site and recorded within the last 10 years have been included within Table 2.
Further information from the data request is included in the appendix.
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Table 2: Notable species records within 2km of the site in the last 10 years (closest record to site included)
Species Status Most recent Record distance record Great Crested Newt European Protected Species; 2014 Approximately Triturus cristatus Habitat and Species Directive 0.9km West (1992) Annex 2 and 4; Wildlife and Countryside Act (1981 as amended) Schedule 5; Natural Environment and Rural Communities Act (2006); National BAP Priority Species Slow Worm Wildlife and Countryside Act (1981 2006 Approximately Anguis fragilis as amended) Schedule 5; Natural 1.1km South Environment and Rural Communities Act (2006); National BAP Priority Species Common Lizard Wildlife and Countryside Act (1981 2006 Approximately Zootoca vivipara as amended) Schedule 5; Natural 1.1km South Environment and Rural Communities Act (2006); National BAP Priority Species Grass Snake Wildlife and Countryside Act (1981 2006 Approximately Natrix natrix as amended) Schedule 5; Natural 0.9km North West Environment and Rural Communities Act (2006); National BAP Priority Species Hazel Dormouse European Protected Species; 2013 Approximately Muscardinus Habitats Directive Annex 4; Natural 0.9km North avellanarius Environment and Rural Communities Act 2006 - Species of Principal Importance in England, UK Biodiversity Action Plan priority species, Sussex Protected Species Register, Wildlife and Countryside Act (1981 as amended) Schedule 5 Serotine Conservation of Habitats and 2009 Approximately Eptesicus serotinus Species Regulations (2010) 0.37km East Schedule 2; Habitat and Species Directive (1992) Annex 4; Wildlife and Countryside Act (1981 as amended) Schedule 9.4b & 9.4c Daubentons Conservation of Habitats and 2014 Approximately Myotis daubentonii Species Regulations (2010) 1.4km North East Schedule 2; Habitat and Species Directive (1992) Annex 4; Wildlife and Countryside Act (1981 as
The Ecology Partnership 17 Jefferys Farm, Horsted Keynes June 2016
amended) Schedule 9.4b & 9.4c Common Pipistrelle Conservation of Habitats and 2010 Approximately Pipistrellus pipistrellus Species Regulations (2010) 0.9km North East Schedule 2; Habitat and Species Directive (1992) Annex 4; Wildlife and Countryside Act (1981 as amended) Schedule 9.4b & 9.4c Brown Long-eared Conservation of Habitats and 2010 Approximately Bat Species Regulations (2010) 30m North Plecotus auritus Schedule 2; Habitat and Species Directive (1992) Annex 4; Wildlife and Countryside Act (1981 as amended) Schedule 9.4b & 9.4c Red Kite Birds Directive Annex 1; Wildlife 2014 Within 2km Milvus milvus and Countryside Act (1981 as amended) Schedule 1 Hobby Bern Convention Appendix 2; 2008 Within 2km Falco subbuteo Wildlife and Countryside Act (1981 as amended) Schedule 1 Turtle Dove Birds Directive Annex 2.2; Natural 2008 Within 2km Streptopelia turtur Environment and Rural Communities Act (2006); Species of Principal Importance in England Barn Owl Bern Convention Appendix 2; 2008 Within 2km Tyto alba Wildlife and Countryside Act (1981 as amended) Schedule 1 Wood Warbler Natural Environment and Rural 2009 Within 2km Phylloscopus sibilatrix Communities Act (2006); Species of Principal Importance in England Corn Bunting Nerc Act (2006) UK Biodiversity 2008 Within 2km Emberiza calandra Action Plan priority species
Habitat Phase 1 Survey
3.5. The site is currently a working farm, with areas of agricultural buildings used largely to
house free range chickens. The rest of the site is comprised of an access track and pasture
fields, with associated, tree lines, hedgerows and scattered mature trees and small blocks
of deciduous woodland.
Buildings
3.6. Buildings were present within the south west corner of the site, in and around the
existing farm yard, the buildings were a mix of storage sheds, chicken sheds and larger
The Ecology Partnership 18 Jefferys Farm, Horsted Keynes June 2016
agricultural barns. In addition, two horse shelters were present within the north east of
the site.
Hardstanding
3.7. Hardstanding was present in the form of the farmyard and access track on site. This was
largely confined to the south western corner of the site and along the southern boundary.
Ruderal vegetation / scattered scrub and scattered trees
3.8. Ruderal vegetation, patches of scattered scrub and trees were present in and around the
farm yard towards the south west of the site. Species present included herb Robert
(Geranium robertianum), common nettle (Urtica dioica), cleavers (Galium aparine), bramble
(Rubus fruticosus), with elder (Sambucus nigra) and butterfly bush (Buddleja davidii) shrubs
and scattered ash (Fraxinus excelsior) and willow (Salix sp.) trees. This habitat was present
within small strips between the existing buildings. A more extensive area was present to
the south of building 6, this had species such as broadleaved dock (Rumex obtusifolius),
creeping buttercup (Ranunculus repens), Yorkshire fog (Holcus lanatus), hogweed
(Heracleum sphondylium), common nettle and bramble with sycamore (Acer
pseudoplatanus), willow, elder and hawthorn (Crataegus monogyna) trees and shrubs.
3.9. A further area of this mosaic habitat was present on the southern boundary of the
western half of the northern field. This area contained a tree line and scattered trees
containing ash, willow and elder, with an understorey of common nettle and
broadleaved dock.
Tall ruderal vegetation
3.10. A thin strip of ruderal vegetation was present either side of the access road that leads into
to the site. Species present included cow parsley (Anthriscus sylvestris), primrose (Primula
vulgaris), common nettle, herb Robert, garlic mustard (Alliaria petiolata), Yorkshire fog
(Holcus lanatus) and cocksfoot (Dactylis glomerata).
The Ecology Partnership 19 Jefferys Farm, Horsted Keynes June 2016
Dense Scrub
3.11. Areas of dense scrub were present on the borders of the site, most noticeably on the
northern boundary between the coniferous and broadleaved sections of woodland.
Another section of scrub was present on the eastern boundary to the south of the
northern boundary. Species present within these habitats include willow, ash, bramble,
holly (Ilex aquifolium), hawthorn and elder.
Semi-improved grassland
3.12. The fields to the north and east of the site were used for pasture, with the northern fields
actively grazed by horses at the time of the survey. The grassland was at a short sward at
the time of survey with Yorkshire fog, meadow foxtail (Alopecurus pratensis), creeping
bent (Agrostis stolonifera), annual meadow grass (Poa annua), upright brome (Bromopsis
erecta), creeping buttercup, meadow buttercup (Ranunculus acris), creeping thistle
(Cirsium arvense). birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus), red clover (Trifolium pratense),
broadleaved dock, daisy (Bellis perennis) and dandelion (Taraxacum agg).
Hedgerows and mature trees
3.13. The site was lined with hedgerows and tree lines. Hedgerows with mature trees were
present largely around the green field sections of the site. Species present include ash,
holly, hazel, hawthorn, sycamore, cherry laurel (Prunus laurocerasus), blackthorn (Prunus
spinosa), willow, and elder. Mature oak (Quercus robur) trees were present on the the
boundaries of the site within the hedgerows, some of which were considered to be
veteran trees. A hedgerow assessment was carried out with the results included below.
3.14. Sections of hedgerow were present on the field margins on site. These were assessed for
their species richness and to see whether they are classified as ‘important’ under the
Hedgerow Regulations 1997 (as amended 2002). Sections of hedgerow surveyed are
highlighted in Figure 2 and Table 3 below.
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Figure 2: Sections of Hedgerow Assessed under the Hedgerow Regulations
Table 3: Hedgerow Assessment
Hedgerow Woody Height Width Shape Structure/ Features species (m) (m) Type Located Holly Untrimmed Shrubs and adjacent to Hazel H1 2 1.5 with occasional a road Sycamore outgrowth trees, intact (Sugar
Lane) Dividing Holly feature Ash Gappy between Hawthorn Tall and especially the two H2 5 2.5 Sycamore leggy towards the fields on Elder western end site, with a post and rail fence H3 Elder 6 3 Tall and Shrubs and Boundary
The Ecology Partnership 21 Jefferys Farm, Horsted Keynes June 2016
Hawthorn leggy small trees, between Willow intact site and Hazel fields to the Holly west
Adjacent to a small road (Keysford Lane), Hazel Line of small Tall and Close H4 Ash 5 1.5 trees and leggy proximity Holly shrubs to parallel small strip of coniferous woodland Running Intact along Hazel Tall and hedgerow southern H5 Holly 6 1.5 leggy with shrubs side of Oak and trees access road to site
Plantation Coniferous Woodland
3.15. A thin strip of coniferous woodland was present along the northern boundary of the site,
adjacent to the native hedgerow and Keysford Lane. This was planted in linear lines and
was dominated by pine species (Pinus sp.). Occasional willow were noted, but were too
infrequent to class the woodland as mixed woodland.
Broadleaved Semi-natural Woodland
3.16. The northern section of the eastern boundary of the site was a small area of woodland.
The woodland was made up of large mature deciduous trees, with oak, ash, holly,
sycamore, silver birch (Betula pendula), hazel (Corylus avellana) and Scots pine (Pinus
sylvestris). Some of the woodland at ground level is disturbed and is used as part of a
horse paddock, with a metal horse shed present within the woodland. Much of the earth
around the shed was bare and churned up due to the use by horses. Some ground flora
was present outside the wooded section of the paddock with native bluebell
The Ecology Partnership 22 Jefferys Farm, Horsted Keynes June 2016
(Hyacinthoides non-scripta), broadleaved dock, creeping buttercup, ground ivy (Glechoma
hederacea) and common nettle present.
Internal and External Bat and Barn Owl Survey
3.17. The buildings located within the red line boundary were assessed for evidence of
roosting bats and their potential to support roosting bats internally and externally.
Building 1
3.18. Building 1 was a medium sized barn. The building was roofed with a pitched metal roof
secured to small timber beams. The elevations were constructed largely of wooden
weatherboarding, with lower sections of the walls constructed of brick or breezeblock. A
small section of hay loft was present close to the building access point. This was
inspected for evidence of bats, however only pigeon droppings and a dad rat were found
to be present. No evidence of bats were recorded anywhere else within the building. The
building was used for storage of agricultural equipment. Externally the weatherboarding
was a mix of newly replaced weatherboarding and old rotten weatherboarding with
large gaps, some of these sections were boarded internally, which may create a small
void, therefore the building was classed as having ‘low’ suitability for roosting bats
through the potential use of external features. No evidence of roosting bats were
recorded internally within the building. The barn had evidence of pigeon use, however
no evidence of barn owls such as feathers of pellets were recorded.
Building 2
3.19. Building 2 was a small open sided storage shed the opposite side of the access track to
building 1. The building was used to store hay and logs and contained a metal pitched
roof and vertical weatherboarding on the side. The building was open to the elements
and natural light, no evidence of bats was recorded internally or externally. The building
was considered unsuitable for barn owls.
The Ecology Partnership 23 Jefferys Farm, Horsted Keynes June 2016
Building 3
3.20. This building was also another wood store, small in size and with an open end to the
building. The building had a corrugated pitched roof and wooden weather boarded
sides, with some gaps present, however it is considered that these features are unlikely to
be utilised by bats. A dead rat was present within the building, no evidence of bats was
recorded internally or externally. The building was considered to be unsuitable for
roosting and nesting barn owls.
Building 4
3.21. This was a dilapidated shed, with the majority of the roof missing. The building was
open to the elements and considered unsuitable for roosting bats, the internal
environment was damp and flooded with daylight. The remaining section of the roof was
constructed of wooden boarding covered with roofing felt and the walls were covered in
vertical wooden boarding. The building was considered to be unsuitable for roosting bats
and no bats or evidence of bats were recorded. The building was unsuitable for nesting
barn owls, due to the open nature of the building and a lack of features.
Building 5
3.22. Building 5 was an active chicken shed. The building was the longest chicken shed on site
and housed a considerable number of chickens. The roof was constructed of corrugated
metal, the sides appear to have been once fully weather boarded, however a large
number of these boards are missing, with the external walls of the building patched up
with plastic sheeting and corrugated metal sheets. The internal environment was dusty,
with a strong aroma from the chickens and dense cobwebs throughout the building,
particularly hanging from the roof structure. No evidence of roosting bats was recorded
during the survey. The building was unsuitable for barn owls.
Building 6
3.23. Building 6 was a Nissen hut style structure with a corrugated asbestos roof and asbestos
panels on the end elevations. The western end was used as storage for household
belongings and farming equipment. The eastern end was used to box up eggs produced
The Ecology Partnership 24 Jefferys Farm, Horsted Keynes June 2016
on the farm. No evidence of roosting bats was recorded within the building. The western
end was open to sun light and to some extent the elements through the open door and
broken panel son the wall. The eastern end was well sealed unit for processing eggs. The
building was considered unsuitable for barn owls due to a lack of suitable features.
Building 7
3.24. This building was another active chicken shed. The building had a metal roof and the
exterior walls were constructed of sections of weatherboards, plastic sheeting and
corrugated metal. The interior was covered in dust and cobwebs. No evidence of bats
was recorded. The building was unsuitable for barn owls.
Building 8
3.25. Very similar to building 7, another active chicken shed again with a metal corrugated
roof and weatherboarding on the external walls. No evidence of bats was recorded. The
building was again unsuitable for barn owls.
Building 9
3.26. Building 9 was a large flat roofed open sided storage shed. The buildings roof was
constructed of corrugated metal and the rest of the building was constructed of a timber
frame with largely open sides. The building was used for storage of agricultural
equipment. No evidence of bats or barn owls was recorded within the building, it was
considered unsuitable for both bats and barn owls.
Building 10
3.27. Building 10 was a large agricultural hay barn. The building was constructed of a metal
frame with a pitched corrugated asbestos roof and largely asbestos sides, although some
areas have been patched up with corrugated metal sheeting. Three of the four sides were
open to some extent. The barn was largely used to store hay, although the barn also
accommodates a large amount of roaming free range chickens, some noted as roosting
and egg laying within the building. In addition there were several domestic cats sleeping
on hay bales within the barn. No evidence of roosting bats was present within the barn
The Ecology Partnership 25 Jefferys Farm, Horsted Keynes June 2016
and it was considered unlikely that they were present due to a lack of features. No
evidence of barn owls using the building were present, it is considered unlikely that the
building is used by barn owls. It is considered due to the presence of several domestic
cats within the building, notably sitting on top of hay bales which may have proved to be
suitable nesting and roosting habitat for barn owls, it is considered that the building is
unsuitable habitat for this species.
Building 11
3.28. Building 11 was the remains of an old agricultural barn with largely the wooden frame
remaining. A small section of the building remained at the northern end. This contained a
section of slate tiled roof and some remaining weather boarded elevations. No evidence
of roosting bats were present within the structure and it is considered unlikely that bats
would roost within the building simply as it is so open to the elements. However the
slate tiles section of roof contained notable gaps under lifted and slipped tiles. Although
this in theory may offer some potential for bat roosting it is considered less likely due to
the absence of a roof liner under the tiles and due to the warped nature of the roof tiles
meaning, water is likely to egress these features. It is considered that these features may
offer some limited potential for bats and is therefore qualified as ‘low’ suitability. The
building was considered unsuitable for roosting or nesting barn owls.
Building 12
3.29. This was a sizeable storage shed which was in relatively good condition. The shed was
used to store farm equipment. The shed had an open entrance to the north, with the
north and southern elevation constructed of tight fitting ship lap boarding, with the
remaining elevations covered with corrugated metal sheets. The roof of the structure was
constructed of metal sheeting. No evidence of roosting bats was present within the
building. No evidence of barn owls were present within this building and it is considered
unlikely that this building is suitable for barn owls.
The Ecology Partnership 26 Jefferys Farm, Horsted Keynes June 2016
Building 13
3.30. Building 13 was a collapsed shed. This would have originally contained a flat roof, with
sections of corrugated metal sheeting roofing the building. The building was in a poor
condition and was considered too open to the elements for roosting bats with a lack of
suitable external features for bats to exploit. No evidence of roosting bats was recorded
within this building. The building was considered unsuitable for barn owls in its current
dilapidated state.
Building 14
3.31. This building was a horse shed situated within the south eastern corner of the northern
field. The shed was light and open and occupied by horses at the time of the survey. The
building was largely constructed of corrugated metal sheeting over a wooden frame,
although the northern elevation was constructed of wooden boarding. The building was
considered unsuitable for bats and barn owls due to a lack of suitable features. No
evidence of either bats or barn owls were recorded within this building during the
survey.
Building 15
3.32. This was another horse shed, situated within the woodland to the north east of the site.
This was constructed of corrugated metal with a makeshift timber frame. This building
was considered unsuitable for bats and barn owls due to a lack of unsuitable features. No
evidence of either bats or barn owls were recorded within this building during the
survey.
Tree Survey for Roosting Bats
3.33. A number of sizeable mature trees were present on the boundaries of the site. These trees
possessed a number of potential suitable features for roosting bats. The trees were
assessed individually and are listed in the table below. Each tree is marked individually
on the habitat map in appendix 1 and detailed in table 4 below.
The Ecology Partnership 27 Jefferys Farm, Horsted Keynes June 2016
Table 4: Bat Potential Trees Recorded on Site
Tree number Species Features Potential
T1 Oak Lifted bark, broken Medium
limbs and holes
T2 Oak No obvious Low
features, large in
size with possible
features not visible
from ground level
T3 Oak Split limbs Medium
T4 Oak Split limbs Medium
T5 Oak No obvious Low
features, large in
size with possible
features not visible
from ground level
T6 Sycamore Dense Ivy Low
T7 Oak Broken limbs, rot High
holes
T8 Oak Split limbs Medium
T9 Oak Split limbs, rot holes High
T10 Sycamore Lifted bark, broken Medium
limbs
T11 Ash Rotten stem, holes, Medium
The Ecology Partnership 28 Jefferys Farm, Horsted Keynes June 2016
lifted bark
T12 Oak Broken limbs, rot Medium
holes
T13 Oak No obvious Low
features, large in
size with possible
features not visible
from ground level
T14 Oak Split limbs Medium
T15 Ash Largely dead, split Medium
stem, lifted bark
T16 Oak Broken limb, lifted Medium
bark
T17 Oak Split limb Medium
3.34. The site contained suitable foraging habitat for bats in the form of tree lines and
hedgerows and small blocks of woodland. It is considered likely that bats are using these
habitats for commuting and foraging purposes.
Badger Survey
3.35. No badger setts were located on site. No latrines, snuffle holes or mammal pathways
were identified. Badgers from the surrounding area may use the site for commuting or
foraging purposes.
Habitat Suitability for Reptiles
3.36. The site was considered largely unsuitable for reptiles. The fields were grazed, especially
the northern field which was actively grazed at the time of the survey. The more
The Ecology Partnership 29 Jefferys Farm, Horsted Keynes June 2016
southern of the two fields had a short to medium sward, although it was not actively
grazed at the time of the survey, the sward was relatively thin and did not offer the
tussocky grassland structure which is associated with reptile species. The fields did
however offer some opportunities for reptiles on the field margins, where the hedgerows,
tree lines, woodland edges and patches of scrub meet grassland habitats. A mosaic of
these habitats offers species such as grass snake, slow worm and common lizard shelter
as well as basking opportunities.
3.37. Ruderal and scrub habitats were present around the farm yard, although these areas can
provide some suitable habitat for reptile species, it is considered that the dense
population of free range chickens in the area, make it unlikely that reptiles would be
present, through disturbance and possible predation. As long as this area is actively used
by dense numbers of chickens, it is considered that it is likely to be unsuitable for reptiles.
The Ecology Partnership 30 Jefferys Farm, Horsted Keynes June 2016
Habitat Suitability for Great Crested Newts
3.38. No ponds are present within the red line boundary of the site. However, online mapping
and some site investigation have revealed two ponds within 250m of the site.
Figure 3: Approximate location of ponds within 250m of the site (Yellow line is outside of the application site)
3.39. Pond 1 was present within a private garden to the west of Waterbury Hill, located
approximately 85metres north of site. As the pond was on private property it could not
be fully assessed during the survey and an Habitat Suitability Index (HSI) survey was not
undertaken. A second pond was present to the east of pond 1, the other side of
Waterbury Hill, located approximately 100metres from the site border. This pond, pond 2
was a village spring, named ‘Ludwell Spring’ and has been a historical water source for
The Ecology Partnership 31 Jefferys Farm, Horsted Keynes June 2016
the village. This pond had open public access and was assessed using the HSI survey
method to assess its suitability to support great crested newts.
3.40. The suitability index is calculated for each of the 10 categories. These are then analysed
using the equation below to obtain the geometric mean or HSI score of the ten suitability
indices.
HSI = (SI1 x SI2 SI3 x SI4 x SI5 x SI6 x SI7 x SI8 x SI9 x SI10)1/10
3.41. The calculated score should be between 0 and 1 and will fall within one of several bands,
which correspond to a given category for the pond. Table 5 below shows the HSI scores
and their corresponding pond suitability category.
Table 5: HSI Scores and Pond Suitability
HSI Pond Suitability
< 0.5 Poor
0.5 - 0.59 Below Average
0.6 – 0.69 Average
0.7 – 0.79 Good
> 0.8 Excellent
Table 6: HSI Scores for Pond 2 (Ludwell Spring)
Suitability Indices No. Feature Pond Score
1. Location 1
2. Area 0.05
3. Permanence 0.9
4. Water quality 0.67
The Ecology Partnership 32 Jefferys Farm, Horsted Keynes June 2016
5. Shading 0.9
6. Presence of waterfowl 1
7. Presence of fish 1
8. Pond density 1
9. Suitable newt habitat within 0.67 500m
10. Macrophyte content 0.60
10th root 0.64
Pond Suitability Average
Other Species
3.42. Nesting birds are likely to be present on site, especially within the mature trees and
hedgerows on the site boundaries. Nesting birds may also be present within some of the
disused buildings on site, notably the shed near the southern boundary of site.
3.43. The habitats present on site were not considered to be suitable for supporting a range of
species such as water voles or otters.
The Ecology Partnership 33 Jefferys Farm, Horsted Keynes June 2016
4.0 Discussion
Site
4.1 The site is not located within or adjacent to any statutory designated sites nor any areas
of ancient woodland. However, some statutory designated sites are located within the
local area, most notably Freshfields Lane SSSI located 1km south of site and Ashdown
Forest SSSI, SPA and SAC located approximately 3.8km north east of the site. It is not
considered that the development would have significant direct impacts on designated
sites within the local area.
4.2 Although the exact details of the proposals are not presently known, it is understood that
the current development proposal for residential development within the northern field
and in place of the existing farm buildings to the south west of the site.
4.3 From the 1st January 2015 any houses built within 7km of Ashdown Forest, within the
boundary of Mid Sussex District Council, will need to make two financial contributions
for each property built. As the site falls within this protection zone from the Ashdown
Forest SAC and SPA, within the 7km protection zone these will need to be considered
with a completed Planning Obligation Instruction Form included alongside the planning
application.
4.4 Although direct impacts are not considered likely to the designated, indirect impacts
such as increased recreational pressure must be mitigated for. Acceptable mitigation for
the effects on Ashdown Forest is seen by Mid Sussex District Council as a financial
contribution to a Suitable Alternative Natural Greenspace (SANG). This area has been
identified as East Cournt & Ashplats Wood in East Grinstead. A second financial
contribution will also have to be made to ongoing visitor management projects and
monitoring on Ashdown Forest – Strategic Access Management and Monitoring
(SAMM). On larger development sites an area of SANGs can be incorporated within the
development as an alternative to the SANGs payment. It is understood that this
mitigation would be satisfactory as part of a planning application however it is down to
Mid Sussex District Council to identify whether further work such as an HRA assessment
would need to be carried out as part of the application.
The Ecology Partnership 34 Jefferys Farm, Horsted Keynes June 2016
Habitat
4.5 The habitats present on-site are common and widespread. The site contains an open
pasture, in the form of two fields, and a previously developed farm yard area and
buildings, which are largely chicken sheds. The tree lines, mature trees, hedgerows and
blocks of deciduous woodland are considered to be of significant wildlife value at site
level and it is considered that these habitats on site may offer opportunities for nesting
birds, small mammals and common amphibians.
Hedgerow assessment
4.6 It is considered that none of the hedgerows assessed on site were considered ‘important’
under the hedgerow regulations with regards to species diversity and associated features.
It is noted however, that if protected species are found to be associated within these
features such as reptiles or dormice, they will automatically be classed as ‘important’
under the guidelines. Further survey work for these species have yet to be carried out. Its
is not known whether the hedgerows qualify as under the following categories:
• Marks a pre-1850 parish or township boundary
• Incorporates an archaeological feature
• Is part of, or associated with, an archaeological site
• Marks the boundary of, or is associated with pre-1600 estate or manor.
• Forms an integral part of a pre-Parliamentary enclosure field system.
Protected Species
Bats
4.7 No evidence of bats were recorded within any of the buildings on site. The buildings on
site were considered to be largely unsuitable for roosting bats due to a number of
reasons. However, buildings 1 and 11 were classed as having ‘low’ potential for roosting
bats within external features. It is recommended that these buildings are subjected to one
emergence survey to establish whether they are in use by roosting bats. If an active bat
roost is recorded within either building, it is recommended that two additional activity
surveys are carried out on each building, to inform a mitigation strategy and a Natural
The Ecology Partnership 35 Jefferys Farm, Horsted Keynes June 2016
England licence application for the destruction of a roost when the buildings are
demolished as part of proposals.
4.8 The remaining buildings were lacking suitable features for bats to exploit such as
enclosed roof voids and watertight pitched tiled roofs with suitable access points for bats.
The buildings were roofed with metal sheeting, corrugated asbestos sheeting or felt and
were not considered suitable for roosting bats. Bats favour roosts beneath features such
as pitched clay tile roofs, either within the loft space or between tiles and underlying felt
or wooden boarding. The presence of roosting bats is also considered to be significantly
reduced by the presence of rats, a large chicken population and a number of domestic
cats, due to disturbance, and possible predation.
4.9 Several large mature trees were identified around the boundaries of the site. These have
been mapped in appendix 1. If these trees are to be removed it is recommended that
further survey work is undertaken, prior to any works to the tree.
4.10 The Bat Conservation Trusts document: Bat Surveys Good Practice Guidelines 3rd
Edition, states that in Table 4.1 ‘Guidelines for assessing the potential suitability of proposed
development sites for bats, based on the presence of habitat features within the landscape, to be
applied using professional judgement’. It is important that proportionality is employed when
recommending further survey work for bat species on a proposed development site. As
stated within section 8.2.7 of Bat Surveys Good Practice Guidelines 3rd Edition, the
following points need to be taken into account with regard to planning activity surveys:
• Likelihood of bats being present;
• Likely species concerned;
• Number of individuals;
• Type of habitat affected;
• Predicted impacts of the proposed development on bats;
• Type and scale of proposed development.
The Ecology Partnership 36 Jefferys Farm, Horsted Keynes June 2016
4.11 It is understood that current proposals will involve the development of the northern
field on site and within the existing farm yard area in the south west of the site. It is also
understood that a covenant is in place on the southern most field which will stop
development of this section of the site. Although the number of dwellings to be
constructed are yet to be decided it is understood that hedgerows, tree lines and
woodland and mature trees on site will largely be left in situ post development and
incorporated into the design. These habitats are the most significant for bats on site
providing foraging and commuting habitat as well as potential roosting space within
mature trees, with development occurring within the managed grassland areas and
areas of existing development i.e the farm yard.
4.12 The records from Sussex Biological Records Centre highlight more common and
widespread species within the local area, with common pipistrelle, Daubentons, brown
long-eared bats and serotine recorded. Although it is possible that additional species are
present using site, no known roosts or records of more significant species such as
Bechsteins, barbastelle or horseshoe bats exist in the local area. It is considered unlikely
that large numbers of bats are using the site, with suitable habitat for bats largely
consigned to the site margins. It is therefore considered with the scale and type of
development on site that an appropriate mitigation is put in place using a sensitive
lighting scheme for the development and the use of dark corridors along boundary
features such as hedgerows, tree lines and woodland. It is considered that with a
mitigation measures such as these in place the favourable conservation status of bat
species within the local area will be maintained post development. Certainly
development which considers bats within the master planning, and as such retain
important landscape features, would reduce impacts to bat species to a level which
would not be considered significant.
4.13 Considering the above It is recommended that three transect activity surveys and static
recording are undertaken to establish the species and numbers of bats using the site. If
significant species are recorded or exceptional numbers of bats using the site are recorded
the monitoring scheme will be reassessed.
The Ecology Partnership 37 Jefferys Farm, Horsted Keynes June 2016
4.14 Any proposed lighting scheme as part of the development will have to take into account
bats in the surrounding area as well as on site. All bat species are nocturnal, resting in
dark conditions in the day and emerging at night to feed. Bats are known to be affected
by light levels which can affect both their roosting behaviour as well as their foraging
behaviour. This needs to be taken into account, with a sympathetic lighting scheme for
the development. Recommendations include:
• Lighting should only be installed if there is a significant need;
• Light levels should be kept low, the use of low pressure sodium lamps or high
pressure sodium instead of mercury or metal halide lamps where glass glazing is
preferred due to its uv filtration characteristics;
• Lighting should be avoided near woodland, treelines or hedgerows, with light
angled away from these areas, bats use linear features such as treelines to
commute across the landscape to forage; and
• Lights should have focussed luminance on their target area, preventing light spill
and pollution into other areas of the site and local area.
Barn Owls
4.15 No evidence of barn owls were recorded during the site visits. No feathers, white
splashing or pellets were noted. The buildings were largely sheds, with various uses such
as storage of timber and logs, agricultural equipment or functioning chicken sheds. These
buildings were considered too small or unsuitable due to current use, disturbance and
lack of suitable access. A large agricultural barn was present to the south of the western
boundary (building 10). It was considered that this building would have potential for
roosting and nesting barn owls, as the building had open sides providing easy access for
the species, and suitable roosting and nesting sites on the hay bales stored within the
building. However, no evidence was recorded within the building and the presence of
several domestic cats within the building is likely to deter these birds from nesting within
the structure. Several of the cats were noted sleeping on top of hay bales. It is considered
that the buildings on site are not in use by barn owls and no further survey work or
mitigation is required. If a barn owl is noted in any of the buildings at a future date a
suitably qualified ecologist should be contacted for further advice.
The Ecology Partnership 38 Jefferys Farm, Horsted Keynes June 2016
Badgers
4.16 No evidence of badger use was identified at the time of the survey. No active or inactive
badger setts were identified on-site as such no further surveys are recommended and the
site is not considered to be constrained by badgers. Badgers may reside in the
surrounding habitats and may visit part of the development site to forage. Foraging and
commuting habitat is not legally protected, however safety measures can be taken to
ensure no badgers are harmed during the development process.
4.17 It is recommended that all excavations and trenches associated with the construction
phase are either covered at night or supplemented with a means of escape for any
badgers that may fall into the excavation whilst foraging.
Reptiles
4.18 The site contained some areas of ruderal vegetation and scrub. The grassland on site was
largely grazed to a short length and was considered to be unsuitable for reptiles, however
the edges of the site may scrub and ruderal edges, as well as the bases of the hedgerows
may support low numbers of reptiles. It is therefore considered that a survey should be
carried out to understand whether reptiles are present on site, through a presence / likely
absence survey. This will involve setting up squares of bitumen felt within suitable
habitat on site and allowing a period of bedding in before checking the felts, seven times
to check for presence of reptiles. The felts heat up in the sun and attract the cold blooded
reptile species such as grass snake, slow worm and common lizard to bask. If reptile
species are present on site a suitable mitigation plan can be written ensure this species are
protected during works.
Dormice
4.19 The site contained areas of woodland, hedgerows, and dense scrub on the margins. These
habitats contained a number of species that dormice may use for food sources such as
hazel, oak, hawthorn, birch, bramble and ash. Dormice have been recorded
approximately 0.9km north of the site. Although the site does not have direct
connectivity to the block of woodland where the record has been identified, the site does
The Ecology Partnership 39 Jefferys Farm, Horsted Keynes June 2016
have connectivity to a network of ancient woodland to the south of the site through a
network of hedgerows and tree lines across the landscape. It is considered possible that
dormice are present on site, due to the surrounding landscape and connectivity to mature
woodland. Dormice are a European protected species and are therefore a material
consideration of the planning process. It is therefore recommended that a dormouse
survey is carried out on site. If dormice are found to be present within the suitable habitat
on site, then a mitigation strategy will need to be developed and it is possible that a
European Protected Species Licence will need to be applied for if significant sections of
suitable habitat are to be affected by development. This can be applied for once planning
permission has been granted.
Great Crested Newts
4.20 Two ponds were present within the local area which may support great crested newt
populations. There are no waterbodies on site which were considered to be suitable
breeding ponds for great crested newts. The ponds are located to the north of the site, one
the other side of Keysford Lane within a residential property (pond 1), and pond 2, which
was located the other side of Waterbury Hill. Pond 1 was located within private property
and was not accessed for the survey. Pond 2, known as ‘Ludwell Spring’ was accessed
during the survey and assessed using the Habitat Suitability Index assessment. Pond 2
was classed as ‘average’ quality to support great crested newts. There are no records of
great crested newts within these ponds or on site, however a record for great crested
newts is present approximately 0.9km to the west of site.
4.21 A Natural England rapid risk assessment was carried out for the site. This tool can be
used to assess the likely impacts on great crested newts from the development of the site
and takes into account the area of land to be developed and the distance from the two
potential great crested newt ponds, located within 250metres of the site boundary.
The Ecology Partnership 40 Jefferys Farm, Horsted Keynes June 2016
Figure 3: Natural England rapid risk assessment
4.22 The risk assessment takes into account the distance of the two potential great crested
breeding ponds. The assessment indicates that an offence is likely to occur if
development was to be undertaken with no mitigation. It is recommended that the ponds
are tested for the presence of great crested newts by using the eDNA testing technique.
This assessment can be carried out between April-June inclusive and involves taking
water samples from a water body. These samples are then sent to a laboratory, to test for
the presence of great crested newt DNA. If great crested newts are noted as being present
then a mitigation strategy can be included within the planning application. A licence
application can then be applied for after planning permission has been granted if
necessary. This would require further survey of the ponds with population assessment
surveys. If no evidence of great crested newts is recorded within the eDNA test, the
development can continue without constraint of great crested newts.
Breeding Birds
4.23 The hedgerows, scattered trees and tree lines on site as well as some buildings such as the
shed to the south of the site, may offer opportunities for nesting birds. It is considered
that these features should be removed outside of nesting birds season (March –
September inclusive) or following a nesting bird check from a suitably qualified ecologist.
Other species
4.24 The site did not support habitats which are considered suitable to otters or water voles.
No invasive plant species were recorded within the site such as Japanese knotweed or
The Ecology Partnership 41 Jefferys Farm, Horsted Keynes June 2016
giant hogweed. However it must be noted that there are areas of thick and extensive
vegetation on site such as dense scrub which could not be fully accessed for survey.
General Site Enhancements
4.25 It is recommended that woodland to the north east of the site is enhanced post
development. This will in include the removal of horses from this habitat and allowing
the bare earth and patchy habitat to revert to its natural state. It is recommended that this
habitat can be planted with woodland species such as native bluebell (Hyacinthoides non-
scripta), primrose (Primula vulgaris), wood anemone (Anenome nemorosa) and lesser
celandine (Ficaria ficaria). Any non-native shrubs such as cherry laurel or rhododendron
or ground flora such as variegated yellow archangel should be removed, although none
of these species were noted during the initial survey.
4.26 Log and rubble piles can be built to provide hibernacula habitats for potential species
such as common amphibian species and small mammal species.
4.27 Nest boxes should be installed in order to provide new nesting opportunities for birds
and to achieve ecological enhancements These can be hung on the buildings or
surrounding mature trees post development. Recommended boxes include:
• Schwegler 1N Deep Nest Box – give added nest protection from predators
• Schwegler 1B Bird Box – general purpose bird box, suitable for many species
• Schwegler Bird House – This is suitable for all common garden birds and may be
attached to a building or wall so is suitable for siting behind climbing plant.
4.28 Installation of bat boxes will also enhance the number of roosting opportunities for bats
in the local area. Boxes should be hung on mature trees and have clear flight paths.
Recommended boxes include:
• Schwegler 2F – This box simulates crevices inside to allow suitable habitats for
crevice-dwellers
• Schwegler 1FD – This box is a larger version of the 2F
• Schwegler 1FW – This box is suitable for maternity or hibernation roosts
The Ecology Partnership 42 Jefferys Farm, Horsted Keynes June 2016
5.0 Conclusions
5.1. The site does not lie within or adjacent to any statutory or non statutory designated sites.
The site is however, located within 7km of Ashdown Forest SPA, SAC & SSSI. According
to local planning policies, financial compensation will need to be agreed as compensation
for a net increase in housing within the Ashdown Forest buffer zone. Financial
compensation will need to be two payments per new dwelling, one for SANGs and one
for SAMM. It is not considered that the site contains important habitat, much of it is
developed or under intensive management though horse grazing. It is considered that
the areas of broadleaved woodland and hedgerows do offer some good value to wildlife
and are considered important at site level. It is therefore recommended that these habitats
are retained.
5.2 The development is not considered to cause adverse effects to the surrounding landscape
and will not fragment green habitats.
5.3 No evidence of bats were recorded within the buildings on site and it was considered
that these buildings were unlikely to support roosting bats due to current use as
agricultural buildings and due to a lack of suitable features. Despite this some external
features were noted on buildings 1 and 11, which may support low numbers of crevice
dwelling bats, therefore it is recommend that one activity survey is carried out on each
building to establish if the bats are used for rooting purposes.
5.4 A number of mature trees were noted around the edges of the site, which had the
potential to support roosting bats. It is recommended that these trees be retained and
incorporated within the development. If any of these trees are to be removed they should
be done so after further survey work by a suitably qualified ecologist. It is also
recommended that bat transect surveys and static monitoring are carried out, to note the
levels of use by bats on site, the species present and the features which are used as
important foraging and commuting habitat. The results of these surveys will be used to
inform the site design, enhancements and mitigation. Bat surveys should be undertaken
between May – September inclusive.
The Ecology Partnership 43 Jefferys Farm, Horsted Keynes June 2016
5.5 No evidence of barn owls were recorded within the buildings. The buildings were
considered unsuitable for this species due to structure or due to current use. It is
considered that no further survey work or mitigation for this species is required.
5.6 No evidence of badgers was found in or around the site. However, badgers may use the
local area and so should be considered during construction works. No further surveys
are recommended. Recommendations have been made to insure badgers are not harmed
during construction.
5.7 Suitable dormice habitat is present on site, in the form of hedgerows, scrub and
woodland. It is recommended that a dormouse survey is carried out establish whether
this species is present on site.
5.8 Two ponds were present in close proximity to the site, to the north. One of these ponds
(pond 2) was assessed using the habitat suitability index assessment and was classed as
average for supporting great crested newts. Pond 1 was located within a residential
garden and was not accessed during the survey. It is recommended that these
waterbodies are tested for the presence of great crested newts using eDNA techniques.
These surveys can be carried out April - June inclusive.
5.9 Suitable habitat for reptiles was present on the edges of the site with the presence of a
mosaic of scrub, hedgerows, woodland and ruderal vegetation. It is recommended that a
reptile survey is undertaken to establish whether reptiles are present on site. A reptile
survey should be undertaken between March – September inclusive.
5.10 Nesting birds are likely to be present within the scattered trees, hedgerows, tree lines and
potentially the buildings on site. It is recommended that these habitats are cleared
outside nesting bird season (March – September inclusive) or after a nesting bird check
by a suitably qualified ecologist.
5.11 Recommendations for enhancements have been made within this report, aimed at
improving the ecological value of the site post development.
The Ecology Partnership 44 Jefferys Farm, Horsted Keynes June 2016
6.0 References
Mitchell-Jones, A.J. (2004) Bat Mitigation Guidelines. English Nature, Peterborough.
Bat Conservation Trust (2012). Bat Surveys – Good Practice Guidelines. Bat Conservation
Trust, London.
Bat Conservation Trust (2016). Bat Surveys – Good Practice Guidelines 3rd Edition. Bat
Conservation Trust, London.
Great Crested Newt Mitigation Guidelines. English Nature 2001.
http://www.naturalengland.org.uk
Langton, T.E.S., Beckett, C.L., and Foster, J.P. (2001) Great Crested Newt Conservation
Handbook. Froglife, Halesworth.
Natural England (2011) Badgers and Development: A guide to best practice and
licensing. Natural England, Bristol
Neal, E. and Cheeseman, C. (1996) Badgers. T & A D Poyser Ltd. London.
Oldham R.S., Keeble J., Swan M.J.S. & Jeffcote M. (2000). Evaluating the suitability of habitat
for the Great Crested Newt (Triturus cristatus). Herpetological Journal 10 (4), 143-155
Magic Interactive Map: www.magic.gov.uk
Mid Sussex District Council: www.midsussex.gov.uk
Google Maps: www.google.co.uk/maps
The Ecology Partnership 45 Jefferys Farm, Horsted Keynes June 2016
Appendix 1. Phase 1 Habitat Map
The Ecology Partnership 46
Jefferys Farm, Horsted Keynes June 2016
Appendix 2: Photo Document
The Ecology Partnership 47 Jeffries Farm, Horsted Keynes June 2016
Photograph 1: Internal environment of building 1
Photograph 2: Building 5
The Ecology Partnership Ltd
Jeffries Farm, Horsted Keynes June 2016
Photograph 3: Building 6
Photograph 4: Inside building 8
Photograph 5: Hardstanding around the buildings
The Ecology Partnership Ltd
Jeffries Farm, Horsted Keynes June 2016
Photograph 6: Hedgerow 2 (H2) contained significant gaps
Photograph 7: Southern edge of the northern field (looking west)
Photograph 8: Section of coniferous woodland on the northern boundary
The Ecology Partnership Ltd
Jeffries Farm, Horsted Keynes June 2016
Photograph 9: Northern field looking south west
Photograph 10: Mature oak trees were found around the boundaries of the site
The Ecology Partnership Ltd
Jeffries Farm, Horsted Keynes June 2016
Photograph 11: Horse paddock within the woodland to the north east of site
Photograph 12: Dense scrub on the northern boundary between the coniferous woodland and broadleaved woodland
Photograph 13: View north from gateway to northern field from southern field
The Ecology Partnership Ltd
Jeffries Farm, Horsted Keynes June 2016
Photograph 14: Main access road to site
Photograph 15: Southern most field
Photograph 16: Pond 2 rated as ‘average’ for great crested newts
The Ecology Partnership Ltd
Jefferys Farm, Horsted Keynes June 2016
Appendix 3: Biological Records
The Ecology Partnership 48
Desktop Biodiversity Report
Jefferys Farm, Horsted Keynes + 2km buffer
SxBRC/16/139
Prepared for Chris Jennings (The Ecology Partnership)
26th May 2016
Sussex Biodiversity Record Centre desktop report regarding Jefferys Farm, Horsted Keynes + 2km buffer 26th May 2016
Prepared for Chris Jennings The Ecology Partnership SxBRC/16/139
The following information was requested:
Information Available Requested Format Designated Sites, Habitats & Ownership Maps Yes PDF Sussex Protected Species Register Yes PDF Sussex Bat Inventory Yes PDF Sussex Notable Bird Report Yes PDF UK BAP Species Inventory Yes PDF Sussex Rare Species Inventory Yes PDF Sussex Invasive Alien Species Yes PDF Full Species List Yes PDF Environmental Survey Directory Yes PDF
The following designations are within the search area:
Local Wildlife Sites M04 ‐ Horsted House Farm Marsh M05 ‐ Birchgrove Fish Ponds
Sites of Special Scientific Interest Freshfield Lane
Other Designations/Ownership Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty Environmental Stewardship Agreement Local Geological Site
Important information regarding this report
It must not be assumed that this report contains the definitive species information for the site concerned.
The species data held by the Sussex Biodiversity Record Centre (SxBRC) is collated from the biological recording community in Sussex. However, there are many areas of Sussex where the records held are limited, either spatially or taxonomically.
A desktop biodiversity report from SxBRC will give the user a clear indication of what biological recording has taken place within the area of their enquiry. The information provided is a useful tool for making an assessment of the site, but should be used in conjunction with site visits and appropriate surveys before further judgements on the presence or absence of key species or habitats can be made. It may be that the content of this report guides the reader as to which surveys should be carried out on the site.
This report was compiled using data held at SxBRC at the time of production. SxBRC takes data validation very seriously, but cannot be held responsible for the accuracy of data included in this report.
Copyright
The Sussex Biodiversity Record Centre must be acknowledged in all documents containing any part of the information contained in this report. You can also use the whole of a SxBRC report (unedited) as an appendix in your own report.
The SxBRC operates as agent to the individuals and groups who provide their records free of charge. The data suppliers retain copyright on their data, while SxBRC retains copyright on its desktop biodiversity reports.
Data usage
The data contained within this report is for use in the project for which the data was requested. It is not to be shared with third parties for use in other projects, unless permission is granted from SxBRC.
The data may be used for 12 months, after which a replacement SxBRC report must be requested. This ensures the most up‐to‐date information is being used.
Ordnance Survey maps
Members of the public wishing to reproduce maps made by SxBRC under East and West Sussex County Council or Brighton and Hove City Council licences must use copying facilities that have been authorised by Ordnance Survey (OS). Further information can be found on the OS website.
Impartiality
SxBRC functions as custodian of biological data. Our role is to collect, manage and disseminate wildlife and habitat data. As such, we have to remain impartial and cannot offer opinions on the biodiversity value of a given site. Similarly, we cannot put forward objections to planning applications or be involved in campaigns.
Supplying records
Our desktop biodiversity reports are only as good as the data we hold. We rely on the continuous submission of records to keep our database up‐to‐date. We are always grateful to receive records from ecological consultants and members of the public alike. We accept records in many different formats – please see our website for more details.
Confidential Records The following species are not included in desktop biodiversity reports
Badgers Badgers are one of our most recognisable native British mammals. They are not considered rare but are protected along with their setts under The Protection of Badgers Act 1992 and schedule 6 of the Wildlife and Countryside Act (1981, as amended). It is an offence to kill, injure, or take a badger or interfere with a badger sett. “Interference” is defined by section 3 of The Protection of Badgers Act and includes damaging or destroying a badger sett, obstructing any entrance to a sett and also disturbing a badger when it is occupying a sett. If you need to do any work near to a sett (within 30m) you must contact Natural England for guidance as your activities may require a licence. With continued persecution of badgers, often for the most cruel and barbaric ‘sport’, badger records are not included in our species inventory reports, as it has been requested that they remain confidential. If you need further information about badgers in your enquiry area please contact the Badger Trust Sussex. Contact details can be found on their website: www.badgertrust‐sussex.org.uk
Otters Otters are slowly making a return to Sussex after becoming extinct in the 1960s, but are nowhere near their former numbers and remain very vulnerable. If there is a river or tributary within 1km of your enquiry area please be aware of the potential for otters in the vicinity, especially if you are undertaking operations that may impact potential otter habitat. Otters are protected by European and UK law. It is an offence under the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981 to kill, injure or take an otter from the wild without a licence; to damage or obstruct a holt; or disturb an otter in its resting place. Licences are required for checking holts or for carrying out work that may disturb otters, such as the management of trees that are known to be used as resting sites. Natural England are responsible for issuing these licences in England. If you need to find out if otters have been recorded in your enquiry area, please get in touch with the Record Centre.
Wood White and Duke of Burgundy butterflies These two rare butterfly species have a very restricted range in Sussex and records have been made confidential based on advice given from Butterfly Conservation Sussex Branch.
Other confidential records SxBRC holds records of other species that are confidential. Confidentiality can be for a variety of reasons but is usually to benefit the site or the species. If you need to know if any confidential records have been recorded in your enquiry area, please get in touch with the Record Centre.
MAPS
There are three maps included in a standard desktop biodiversity report which show designated sites (statutory and non‐statutory); habitats and natural features; and ownership and management. The key on a map only shows those layers which are located within the enquiry area or immediate area. Below is a list of all layers which we currently show on our maps, with details of the data source. Citation sheets and further information on each layer can be found towards the back of the pdf report.
Designated sites Statutory Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty (AONB) Downloaded from NE website. Country Park Downloaded from NE website. Local Nature Reserve (LNR) Downloaded from NE website. Marine Conservation Zone (MCZ) Downloaded from NE website. Marine Site of Nature Conservation Importance Supplied by ESCC in 2005. (MSNCI) National Nature Reserve (NNR) Downloaded from NE website. National Park Downloaded from NE website. Ramsar Downloaded from NE website. Site of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI) Downloaded from NE website. Special Area of Conservation (SAC) Downloaded from NE website. Special Protection Area (SPA) Downloaded from NE website. Non‐Statutory Local Geological Site (LGS) Originally supplied as hand drawn maps by the Booth Museum (Brighton) in 2009, LGS boundaries were digitised by SxBRC. Site boundaries are now administered by SxBRC and the Sussex Geodiversity Partnership and have been further improved as a result of ground surveys between 2010 to 2012. Local Wildlife Site (LWS), formerly SNCI Supplied by WSCC, ESCC & BHCC. Notable Road Verge Owned and provided by ESCC and WSCC. Habitats and natural features Ancient/veteran tree Merged dataset created in July 2009. Data from Ancient Tree Hunt (national survey carried out in 2007/2008) and Tree Register of the British Isles (a charity which collates and updates data on notable trees). Ancient woodland Downloaded from NE website. Black poplar Created by SxBRC based upon species records arising from Sussex Wetland Landscapes Project. Chalk stream Created and owned by SWLP and SxBRC. Coastal & floodplain grazing marsh Downloaded from NE website. Coastal saltmarsh Supplied by EA, based on data from the SRCMP Habitat Mapping Project. Coastal sand dune Supplied by EA, based on data from the SRCMP Habitat Mapping Project. Coastal vegetated shingle Downloaded from NE website. Ghyll woodland Boundaries drawn on paper maps by Dr Francis Rose which were then digitised by SxBRC. Not ground‐truthed. Intertidal chalk Supplied by EA, based on data from the SRCMP Habitat Mapping Project. Intertidal mudflat Supplied by EA, based on data from the SRCMP Habitat Mapping Project. Lowland calcareous grassland Merged dataset from NE and SDJC sources, created in 2005. Administered by SxBRC. Lowland fen Created by SxBRC in June 2011. Layer is an amalgamation of all the fen data currently available to SxBRC. Lowland heathland High Weald Heathland data created by the High Weald Unit in 2006. The rest of Sussex Heathland data was created by SxBRC, with funding from WSCC and RSPB in 2007. Lowland meadow Downloaded from NE website. Maritime cliff and slope Supplied by EA, based on data from the SRCMP Habitat Mapping Project. Open water Derived from OS mapping. This includes inland and tidal, running and standing water. Reedbed Created by SxBRC in June 2011. Layer is an amalgamation of all the reedbed data currently available to SxBRC. Saline lagoon Created by SxBRC. Traditional orchard Downloaded from NE website. Wood‐pasture & parkland Downloaded from NE website. Ownership and management Environmental Stewardship Agreement Downloaded from NE website. National Trust property Owned and provided by National Trust. RSPB reserve Owned and provided by RSPB. Downloadable from their website. Sussex Wildlife Trust reserve Created and maintained by SxBRC on behalf of SWT. Woodland Trust site Owned and provided by the Woodland Trust.
Abbreviations BHCC Brighton and Hove City Council EA Environment Agency ESCC East Sussex County Council NE Natural England PTES People’s Trust for Endangered Species RSPB Royal Society for the Protection of Birds SDJC South Downs Joint Committee SRCMP Strategic Regional Coastal Monitoring Programme SxBRC Sussex Biodiversity Record Centre SWLP Sussex Wetland Landscapes Project SWT Sussex Wildlife Trust WSCC West Sussex County Council
Natural England datasets These are available for anyone to download and use in their own Geographical Information System (GIS). Visit www.gis.naturalengland.org.uk for more information and register as a user.
Woods Mill, Henfield, Designated Site Map (SxBRC/16/139) West Sussex BN5 9SD [email protected] Land at Jefferys Farm, Horsted Keynes + 2km radius www.sxbrc.org.uk Prepared for Chris Jennings (The Ecology Partnership) - 26/05/2016 01273 497521 536000 537000 538000 539000 540000 130000 130000
M05 M04 129000 129000 128000 128000 127000 127000
Freshfield Lane
TQ32/02 126000 536000 537000 538000 539000 540000
Key to Map: Km Enquiry area 0 0.5 1 ± Species search area © Crown copyright and database rights 2016 Ordnance Survey. West Sussex County Council Local Wildlife Site 100023447. East Sussex County Council 100019601. Natural England 100046223. Sussex Wildlife Trust 100025883. Site of Special Scientific Interest Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty RAMSAR, Special Area of Conservation (SAC), Special Protection Area (SPA), National Park, Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty (AONB), National Nature Reserve (NNR), Site of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI), Local Nature Reserve (LNR) and Country Park data reproduced with permission of Natural England. Site of Nature Conservation Importance (SNCI) data provided by East and West Sussex County Councils, and Brighton & Hove City Local Geological Site Council. Notable Road Verge data supplied by East and West Sussex County Councils. Local Geological Site (LGS) data created by SxBRC in partnership with Sussex Geodiversity Group. © Crown Copyright. All rights reserved 2016. Woods Mill, Henfield, Habitat & Natural Features Map (SxBRC/16/139) West Sussex BN5 9SD [email protected] Land at Jefferys Farm, Horsted Keynes + 2km radius www.sxbrc.org.uk Prepared for Chris Jennings (The Ecology Partnership) - 26/05/2016 01273 497521 536000 537000 538000 539000 540000 130000 130000 129000 129000 128000 128000 127000 127000 126000 536000 537000 538000 539000 540000
Key to Map: Km Enquiry area 0 0.5 1 ± Species search area © Crown copyright and database rights 2016 Ordnance Survey. West Sussex County Council I Ancient/veteran tree 100023447. East Sussex County Council 100019601. Natural England 100046223. Sussex Wildlife Trust 100025883. Open Water
Ghyll woodland Ancient woodland, traditional orchards, woodpasture and parkland, vegetated shingle and saline lagoon data reproduced with permission of Natural England. Revised coastal and floodplain grazing marsh data remains provisional and is also reproduced with permission of Natural England. Chalk Traditional orchard grassland data supplied by Natural England and South Downs Conservation Board. Black Poplar data supplied by Sussex Wetland Landscapes Project. Ghyll woodland data supplied by Dr Francis Rose. Reedbed data funded by Environment Agency and West Sussex County Council is provided by Wood-pasture & parkland Sussex Biodiversity Record Centre and maintained by RSPB. Heathland data funded by West Sussex County Council, RSPB and High Weald AONB Unit. Ancient/veteran tree data derived from results of the Ancient Tree Hunt Project and the Tree Register of the British Isles (TROBI). South East Coastal Ancient woodland Habitat Mapping data reproduced with permission of Environment Agency. © Crown Copyright. All rights reserved 2016. Habitat data held by Sussex Biodiversity Record Centre (SxBRC) are created in-house or obtained from a variety of dataset providers. SxBRC Coastal & floodplain grazing marsh continually strive to further improve and update these data wherever possible. However, this map should be treated as indicative rather than definitive: data may be generated from a range of field survey and/or predictive methods, each of which may have its own inherent limitations. In some situations a recent ground survey may be required to establish definitively the current status of a particular habitat at a specific location. Woods Mill, Henfield, Ownership & Management Map (SxBRC/16/139) West Sussex BN5 9SD [email protected] Land at Jefferys Farm, Horsted Keynes + 2km radius www.sxbrc.org.uk Prepared for Chris Jennings (The Ecology Partnership) - 26/05/2016 01273 497521 536000 537000 538000 539000 540000 130000 130000 129000 129000 128000 128000 127000 127000 126000 536000 537000 538000 539000 540000
Key to Map: Km Enquiry area 0 0.5 1 ± Species search area © Crown copyright and database rights 2016 Ordnance Survey. West Sussex County Council Environmental Stewardship Agreements: 100023447. East Sussex County Council 100019601. Natural England 100046223. Sussex Wildlife Trust 100025883. Higher Level Stewardship (HLS) Entry Level Stewardship (ELS) Environmental Stewardship Agreement data reproduced with permission of Natural England. Other datasets reproduced respectively with permission of the Woodland Trust, Forestry Commission, National Trust, Sussex Wildlife Trust and Royal Society for the Protection of Birds. © Crown Organic ELS Copyright. All rights reserved 2016. Organic ELS plus HLS ELS plus HLS Woods Mill, Henfield, West Sussex BN5 9SD [email protected] www.sxbrc.org.uk 01273 497521
SUMMARY REPORT
Land at Jefferys Farm, Horsted Keynes + 2km radius
26 May 2016 Search Area: TQ3626 to TQ3929 Prepared for Chris Jennings (The Ecology Partnership)
Protected Species Register (not including bats, badgers,otters or birds) Number of species recorded 5
European Protected Species Number of species recorded 11
Bats Number of species recorded 9
Birds Number of species recorded 106
Number of BoCC Red list species recorded 22
Number of BoCC Amber list species recorded 34
Number of W&CA Schedule 1 species recorded 11
Number of significant breeding bird records 17
BAP species (not including bats or birds)
Number of species recorded 15
Rare Species (not including bats, birds or otters)
Number of species recorded 24
Invasive Alien Species
Number of species recorded 15
Ownership of this data remains with the original recorder whilst copyright of this material remains property of the Page 1 of 1 Sussex Biodiversity Records Centre. SUSSEX PROTECTED SPECIES REGISTER
The Protected Species Register does not include bat, bird, badger or otter records. Bat and bird records are included in separate inventories, while badger and otter records are not included in SxBRC reports.
The Sussex Protected Species Register (PSR) consists of species of plants, fungi and animals that are protected under Schedules 5, 6 and 8 of the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981 and other legislation.
Please note the following limitations to the PSR:
PSR records are labelled so that only one record per species per grid reference is included in a SxBRC report. This will usually be the most up to date record. If a protected species record appears in a SxBRC biodiversity report it does not mean that the species is still present. It means that the protected species was recorded last at that time and place by the recorder listed. The implications of the record should be further evaluated, and a survey to establish the current status of the species may be required. If there is no record of any particular protected species, this does not confirm that the species is absent from the site in question. It may mean that it has not been recorded, that the site has not been surveyed for this species, or that the Record Centre has not been informed of its presence. Some sites are part of the National Dormouse Monitoring Programme (NDMP) and therefore we are likely to hold historic records/more detailed information. If NDMP is mentioned in the location name of a record and you would like the historic dormouse data for that site, please contact the SxBRC.
Wildlife Protection Legislation in England Legislation that protects wildlife in England exists at the European and national level.
European law Legislation produced at a European level is an EU Directive, produced to have an effect at national level as regulations. The most relevant regulation for biodiversity is the ‘Conservation of Habitats & Species Regulations 2010 (informally known as ‘The Habitats Directive’). Further information can be found here: www.naturenet.net/law/habsregs.html
National law The Wildlife and Countryside Act (WCA) 1981 (as amended), strengthened by the Countryside and Rights of Way Act 2000, are together the most important legislation aimed at protecting wildlife in England. The Wildlife and Countryside Act is divided into four parts, details of which are available from: www.naturenet.net/law/wcagen.html
Species protection is provided under Schedules 1, 5, 6 and 8 of the WCA:
Schedule 1: Birds – Please refer to the Sussex Bird Inventory results and explanation sheet in your SxBRC biodiversity report.
Schedule 5: Protected animals (other than birds) Intentional or reckless killing, injuring, taking, possessing, disturbing and selling (including parts and derivatives) as well as damaging, destroying or obstructing access to any structure or place of refuge etc. are prohibited. N.B. Protection of some species is limited to certain sections of the Act, which are indicated in the lists as follows: Section 9(1) Protection limited to intentional killing, injury or taking. Section 9(2) Protection limited to possessing and controlling.
Section 9(4a) Protection limited to damaging, destroying or obstructing access to any structure or place used by the animal for shelter or protection. Section 9(4b) Protection limited to disturbing the animal while it is occupying any structure or place which it uses for shelter or protection. Section 9(5a) Protection limited to selling, offering for sale, possessing or transporting for the purpose of sale (live or dead animal, part or derivative). Section 9(5b) Protection limited to advertising for buying or selling such things.
Schedule 6: Animals which may not be killed or taken by certain methods Methods include traps and nets, poisons, automatic weapons, electrical devices, smokes/gases and various others. Even humane trapping for research requires a licence.
Schedule 8: Protected plants and fungi Intentional picking, uprooting, destroying, trading (including parts and derivatives) etc. are prohibited. Under the Wildlife and Countryside Act, all wild plants in Britain are protected from intentional uprooting by an unauthorised person. Land owners, land occupiers, persons authorised by either of these, or persons authorised in writing by the Local Authority for the area are however exempt from this, except for Schedule 8 species which you can see on this website: www.naturenet.net/law/sched8.html
Legislation protecting bats Please refer to the explanation sheet of the Sussex Bat Inventory within your SxBRC biodiversity report, or visit the SxBRC website.
Legislation protecting badgers and otters Please refer to the ‘Confidential Records’ sheet at the start of the report for information on badger and otter records in Sussex.
Woods Mill, Henfield, West Sussex BN5 9SD [email protected] www.sxbrc.org.uk 01273 497521
SUSSEX PROTECTED SPECIES REGISTER REPORT
Please note that bat, bird, badger and otter records are not included in this report.
Land at Jefferys Farm, Horsted Keynes + 2km radius
26 May 2016 Search Area: TQ3626 to TQ3929 Prepared for Chris Jennings (The Ecology Partnership)
Triturus cristatus Great Crested Newt Amphibian
The largest British newt. It is black or dark brown and the males have a crest along the back and an orange underside spotted with black. Frequently confused with male smooth newts, which also have a crest. The great crested newt prefers larger, open ponds that are free of fish and waterfowl and has declined substantially in Britain and across Europe, mainly due to habitat loss. The species is fully legally protected and Britain has special responsibility for its conservation as some of the best European populations occur here. Scattered across East and Central Sussex but scarce in the west. Designations Bern Convention Appendix 2; European Protected Species; Habitats Directive Annex 2 - non-priority species; Habitats Directive Annex 4; Natural Environment and Rural Communities Act 2006 - Species of Principal Importance in England (sec; Sussex Biodiversity Action Plan; Sussex Protected Species Register; UK Biodiversity Action Plan priority species; Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981 Schedule 5 Sections (9.4b; 9.5a; 9.5b; Schedule 5)
Grid Reference Recorder Date Locality
TQ363294 Brenda Collins July 2006 Upper Sheriff South TQ367289 Paul Whitby April 2011 High Wood, Ardingly CP TQ370274 Alex Stephens 13/03/2014 Keysford Lane, Horsted Keynes TQ37052744 Alex Stephens 17/06/2014 Keysford Lane, Horsted Keynes TQ383267 Recorder @ SLR 24/04/2006 - Land at Freshfield Lane Brickworks, 16/05/2006 Horsted Keynes CP
Anguis fragilis Slow-worm Reptile
A legally protected legless lizard resembling a small snake. Slow-worms are widespread in southern England and found in open habitats such as rough grassland, heath and on road and railway embankments. They are often common in urban and suburban areas. Like most reptiles and amphibians they have declined considerably and need protection wherever they occur. Designations Natural Environment and Rural Communities Act 2006 - Species of Principal Importance in England (sec; Sussex Biodiversity Action Plan; Sussex Protected Species Register; UK Biodiversity Action Plan priority species; Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981 Schedule 5 Sections (9.1 killing/injuring; 9.5a; 9.5b)
Grid Reference Recorder Date Locality
TQ361292 Sam Pottier 02/05/2014 Ardingly TQ363294 Brenda Collins 2006 Upper Sheriff South, Ardingly, East Sussex (VC14) TQ383267 Recorder @ SLR 11/09/2006 - Land at Freshfield Lane Brickworks, 28/09/2006 Horsted Keynes CP
Ownership of this data remains with the original recorder whilst copyright of this material remains property of the Sussex Biodiversity Records Centre. Page 1 of 2 Zootoca vivipara Common Lizard Reptile
The most abundant British lizard and widespread in Sussex in the Weald and along the coast. Probably under-recorded and increasingly confined to small areas of open sunny habitat. A legally protected species due to concern about its overall decline. Designations Natural Environment and Rural Communities Act 2006 - Species of Principal Importance in England (sec; Sussex Biodiversity Action Plan; Sussex Protected Species Register; UK Biodiversity Action Plan priority species; Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981 Schedule 5 Sections (9.1 killing/injuring; 9.5a; 9.5b)
Grid Reference Recorder Date Locality
TQ383267 Recorder @ SLR 11/09/2006 - Land at Freshfield Lane Brickworks, 28/09/2006 Horsted Keynes CP
Natrix natrix Grass Snake Reptile
A widespread, but legally protected, snake with a normally olive body flecked with black and a distinctive yellow collar. Frequent in Sussex near places where its food, largely frogs, is readily available. Like most reptiles and amphibians, grass snakes have declined considerably and need protection wherever they occur. Designations Natural Environment and Rural Communities Act 2006 - Species of Principal Importance in England (sec; Sussex Biodiversity Action Plan; Sussex Protected Species Register; UK Biodiversity Action Plan priority species; Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981 Schedule 5 Sections (9.1 killing/injuring; 9.5a; 9.5b)
Grid Reference Recorder Date Locality
TQ363294 Brenda Collins 2006 Upper Sheriff South, Ardingly, East Sussex (VC14) TQ3729 SARG Sussex Amphibian & Reptile 22/07/1996 Leamland Wood, East Sussex (VC14) Grp;Dennis Dey TQ375288 SARG Sussex Amphibian & Reptile 01/09/1997 Oddynes Holt, Horsted Keynes, East Grp;Dennis Dey Sussex (VC14) TQ376287 SARG Sussex Amphibian & Reptile Grp 22/09/1998 Oddneynes Holt, Horsted Keynes, East Sussex (VC14) TQ3828 SARG Sussex Amphibian & Reptile Grp 10/07/1998 High Trees, Church Lane, Horsted Keynes, East Sussex (VC14) TQ3829 SARG Sussex Amphibian & Reptile Grp 04/08/1998 Broadhurst Manor Grounds, East Sussex (VC14) TQ387282 SARG Sussex Amphibian & Reptile Grp 06/05/1998 Lucas, Horsted Keynes, East Sussex (VC14)
Muscardinus avellanarius Hazel Dormouse Terrestrial mammal
A nocturnal species of woodland and overgrown hedgerows. Dormice spend much of their time climbing among branches in search of fruit, nuts, insects and other food. They sleep in nests during the day in hollow trees, unoccupied bird or bat boxes and similar places and hibernate in winter. Dormice occur mainly in southern England in this country and are widespread in suitable habitats in Sussex. Designations European Protected Species; Habitats Directive Annex 4; Natural Environment and Rural Communities Act 2006 - Species of Principal Importance in England (sec; Sussex Biodiversity Action Plan; Sussex Protected Species Register; UK Biodiversity Action Plan priority species; Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981 Schedule 5 Sections (9.4b; 9.5a; 9.5b; Schedule 5)
Grid Reference Recorder Date Locality
TQ378290 Recorder @ WildCall 14/08/2013 Pain's Wood, Horsted Keynes, West Sussex (VC13)
Ownership of this data remains with the original recorder whilst copyright of this material remains property of the Sussex Biodiversity Records Centre. Page 2 of 2 SUSSEX BAT INVENTORY
Bat species There are 18 species of bat which are resident in the UK (17 of which are known to be breeding here), all of which have been recorded in Sussex: Barbastella barbastellus Barbastelle Nyctalus leisleri Leisler’s Eptesicus serotinus Serotine Nyctalus noctula Noctule Myotis alcathoe Alcathoe Pipistrellus nathusii Nathusius’s pipistrelle Myotis bechsteinii Bechstein’s Pipistrellus pipistrellus Common pipistrelle Myotis brandtii Brandt’s Pipistrellus pygmaeus Soprano pipistrelle Myotis daubentonii Daubenton’s Plecotus auritus Brown long‐eared Myotis myotis Greater mouse‐eared Plecotus austriacus Grey long‐eared Myotis mystacinus Whiskered Rhinolophus ferrumequinum Greater horseshoe Myotis nattereri Natterer’s Rhinolophus hipposideros Lesser horseshoe
Four other bat species have been recorded in Sussex as vagrants: Savi’s pipistrelle (Hypsugo savii), Kuhl’s pipistrelle (Pipistrellus kuhlii), parti‐coloured bat (Vespertilio murinus) and Geoffroy’s bat (Myotis emarginatus). Five species are included in Annex II of the EU Habitats Directive: Barbastelle, Bechstein’s, greater mouse‐eared, greater horsehoe and lesser horseshoe. All 18 species are included in Annex IV. Seven species are included in the UK Biodiversity Action Plan: Barbastelle, Bechstein’s, brown long‐eared, greater horseshoe, lesser horseshoe, noctule and soprano pipistrelle.
Background Bats are the only mammals capable of true flight. Those found in the UK feed exclusively on insects and use a sophisticated form of sonar to navigate and catch their prey at night. In late spring and summer, female bats form maternity colonies to raise their young. This is when they are most obvious to us, as they leave the roost at or after sunset in search of food. Bats hibernate during the winter when insects are scarce, usually at a different site to the maternity roost where a constant cool temperature can be found i.e. in underground sites or within deep crevices in trees or buildings. Bats return to the same roost sites every year, so even if the animals themselves are not present, the roost is still legally protected. Unfortunately there are many misconceptions about bats. They are in fact sociable, intelligent, clean animals that rarely come into contact with humans. They do not build nests and very rarely cause structural damage to buildings.
Current status and threats Bat populations have suffered huge declines in the last century. The common pipistrelle (Pipistrellus pipistrellus) and soprano pipistrelle (Pipistrellus pygmaeus) remain the most abundant and widespread species of bat, but are thought to have suffered from a huge reduction in numbers. Estimates from a National Bat Colony Survey suggest a population decline of around 70% between 1978 and 1993. This reduction in bat numbers is largely due to their roosts being disturbed or destroyed, a loss of suitable feeding and flightline habitat (e.g. hedgerows) and a reduction in insect numbers (e.g. through farming intensification and the use of pesticides). A number of species are now included in the National Bat Monitoring Programme (NBMP), run by the Bat Conservation Trust (BCT), which gives up‐to‐date information on population trends. Bats are also particularly vulnerable to human interference for the following reasons:
They have a low reproductive rate; generally one pup a year. They require specific conditions for each of their roost types. They are very secretive and often go unnoticed until discovered by building works or home improvements. Consequently, bats and their roosts receive some of the highest levels of legal protection.
Bats and the law All species of bat and their roosts are protected by UK and European law. Bats and their roosts may also be protected by site designations, for example if their roost site or feeding grounds are notified as a Special Area of Conservation (SAC) or a Site of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI).
You could be committing a criminal offence if you: 1. Deliberately capture, injure or kill a bat 2. Intentionally or recklessly disturb a bat in its roost or deliberately disturb a group of bats 3. Damage or destroy a bat roosting place (even if bats are not occupying the roost at the time) 4. Intentionally or recklessly obstruct access to a bat roost 5. Possess or advertise/sell/exchange a bat (dead or alive) or any part of a bat
It is not illegal to: Tend/care for a bat solely for the purpose of restoring it to health and subsequent release. (This should always be done by an experienced bat handler, contact details of which can be found through the Sussex Bat Group.)
Licensing If you have a bat roost in your property, it does not necessarily mean that building work cannot take place. Work can be planned so as not to interfere with the roost and at a time that bats may be absent. If you are planning any sort of work that may interfere with bats, advice must be sought first from Natural England (see contact details below). Similarly, if you discover bats after work has begun, you must stop and contact Natural England for their advice before continuing. Licences to permit illegal activities relating to bats and their roost sites can be issued for specific purposes. It is an offence not to comply with the terms and conditions of such a licence. If you carry out work affecting bats or roosts without a licence, you will be breaking the law.
Further advice and information:
Bat Conservation Trust The national charity working for bat conservation. Website: www.bats.org.uk Bat helpline: 0845 1300 228 Email: [email protected]
Natural England The government body responsible for issuing licences for work that may affect bats or their roosts. Website: www.naturalengland.org.uk/ourwork/regulation/wildlife/species/bats.aspx General and licensing enquiries. Tel: 0845 601 4523 (local rate).
Sussex Bat Group A local voluntary group working for the conservation of bats in Sussex. Website: www.sussexbatgroup.org.uk Email: [email protected] Woods Mill, Henfield, West Sussex BN5 9SD [email protected] www.sxbrc.org.uk 01273 497521
SUSSEX BAT INVENTORY REPORT SUMMARY
Please note that all species of bat and their roosts are protected by UK and European law, under the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981 (WCA) in the UK and the Habitats Directive in the EU. Bats and their roosts may also be protected by site designations, for example if their roost site or feeding grounds are notified as Special Area of Conservation (SAC) or a Site of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI).
Key to Indicators You could be committing a criminal offence if you : 1. Deliberately capture, injure or kill a bat. 2. Intentionally or recklessly disturb a bat in the roost or M/S Mating/Swarming deliberately disturb a group of bats. 3. Damage or destroy a bat roosting place (even if bats are not H Hibernaculum occupying the roost at the time). 4. Intentionally or recklessly obstruct access to a bat roost. 5. FR Feeding Roost Possess or advertise/sell/exchange a bat (dead or alive) or any part of a bat. MR Maternity Roost UR Unspecified Roost D Droppings
Land at Jefferys Farm, Horsted Keynes + 2km radius 26 May 2016 Search Area: TQ3626 to TQ3929
Prepared for Chris Jennings (The Ecology Partnership)
Common Name Latin Name No of Records M/S HFR MR UR D Bat sp. Chiroptera 8 Brown Long-eared Bat Plecotus auritus 15 Common Pipistrelle (45 kHz) Pipistrellus pipistrellus 5 Daubenton's Bat Myotis daubentonii 1 Long-eared sp. Plecotus 4 Natterer's Bat Myotis nattereri 3 Pipstrelle sp. Pipistrellus 10 Serotine Eptesicus serotinus 21 Unidentified Bat Myotis 2
Ownership of this data remains with the original recorder whilst copyright of this material remains property of the Sussex Biodiversity Records Centre. Page 1 of 1 Woods Mill, Henfield, West Sussex BN5 9SD [email protected] www.sxbrc.org.uk 01273 497521
SUSSEX BAT INVENTORY REPORT
Please note that all species of bat and their roosts are protected by UK and European law, under the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981 Key to Indicators (WCA) in the UK and the Habitats Directive in the EU. Bats and their roosts may also be protected by site designations, for example if their roost site or feeding grounds are notified as Special Area of Conservation (SAC) or a Site of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI). M/S Mating/Swarming H Hibernaculum You could be committing a criminal offence if you : FR Feeding Roost 1. Deliberately capture, injure or kill a bat.2. Intentionally or recklessly disturb a bat in the roost or deliberately disturb a group of bats. 3. Damage or destroy a bat MR Maternity Roost roosting place (even if bats are not occupying the roost at the time). 4. Intentionally or recklessly obstruct access to a bat roost. 5. Possess or advertise/sell/exchange a UR Unspecified Roost bat (dead or alive) or any part of a bat. D Droppings
Land at Jefferys Farm, Horsted Keynes + 2km radius
26 May 2016 Search Area: TQ3626 to TQ3929
Prepared for Chris Jennings (The Ecology Partnership)
Chiroptera Bat sp. Chiroptera (from the ancient Greek for 'wing hand') is the natural group, or order, that covers all the bats. In Britain we have 18 bat species and all have the highest level of legal protection. Many people simply record bats in general when they are not able to assign them to a particular species and these are then included under Chiroptera in our reports.
Date Location Grid Reference Recorder Sampling Method M/S HFR MR UR D Abundance Notes
24/09/2011 Private property, Cheeleys, TQ382283 NE Bat Worker Building Horsted Keynes Inspection 05/02/2010 Private property, Waterbury TQ379282 NE Bat Worker Building Hill, Horsted Keynes Inspection 20/11/2006 St Giles Church, Horsted TQ383286 NE Bat Worker Building Keynes, RH17, West Sussex Inspection (VC13)
Ownership of this data remains with the original recorder whilst copyright of this material remains property of the Page 1 of 10 Sussex Biodiversity Records Centre. 2006 Upper Sheriff South, Ardingly, TQ363294 Brenda Collins Field Observation Taxon Bats with 8" wing span recorded East Sussex (VC14) Abundant summer to autumn. 15/08/1995 Westall House, Birchgrove TQ390285 NE Bat Worker Building Road, Horsted Keynes, East Inspection Sussex (VC14) 01/04/1989 Lower Hammenden, TQ363299 NE Bat Worker Building Highbrook, Ardingly, East Inspection Sussex (VC14) 01/07/1988 8 Lewes Road, Horstead TQ382280 C.D. Chanter Visual taxon Present Record from historic correspondence Keynes, West Sussex (VC13) file from Dr Stebbings. Roost within gable end of house - dead bat sent to Dr Stebbings which is thought to be a Brown Long Eared (although badly decomp). 19/05/1986 Wyatts, Wyatts Lane, Horsted TQ386277 NE Bat Worker Building Bats in and around a blocked chimney. Keynes, East Sussex (VC14) Inspection
Ownership of this data remains with the original recorder whilst copyright of this material remains property of the Page 2 of 10 Sussex Biodiversity Records Centre. Eptesicus serotinus Serotine A large bat that frequents pasture, parklands and gardens as well as the wider countryside. It forms summer roosts in buildings where it also probably hibernates. A widespread southern species in the UK, though often only present in small numbers. Its British strongholds are in the south east (widespread in Sussex) and parts of the West Country.
Date Location Grid Reference Recorder Sampling Method M/S HFR MR UR D Abundance Notes
13/08/2013 Horsted Keynes TQ385279 Amy Roost Exit Count 1 Individual Detector. Emergence/activity survey. Richards;Rosie Marston June 2012 - Lindfield TQ376261 Colleen Aural bat detector 1 Bat(s) In flight during survey using Petterson September 2012 Hope;Paul Hope d240x time expansion detector/Edirol recorder.. 22/07/2010 Lake and ponds alongside TQ384290 Dave Barker Aural bat detector taxon Present Heard commuting. Sussex Border Path, East Sussex (VC14) 21/06/2009 Haywards Heath, West TQ383283 BCT Surveyor Roost Exit Count 7 Bat(s) Sussex (VC13) 12/06/2009 Haywards Heath, West TQ383283 G. Thomas Roost Exit Count 6 Bat(s) Sussex (VC13) 21/06/2008 Haywards Heath, West TQ383283 BCT Surveyor Roost Exit Count 6 Bat(s) Sussex (VC13) 15/06/2008 Haywards Heath, East Sussex TQ383283 BCT Surveyor Roost Exit Count 3 Bat(s) (VC14) 09/05/2008 Bordelands, 1 Birch Grove TQ387281 NE Bat Worker Building taxon Present 100 year old brick house. Droppings Road, Horsted Keynes RH17 Inspection mid-roof, loft floor and under ridge. 7AN, West Sussex (VC13) Roost in loft space. 26/06/2006 Haywards Heath, West TQ383283 BCT Surveyor Roost Exit Count 12 Bat(s) Sussex (VC13) 18/06/2005 Haywards Heath, East Sussex TQ383283 BCT Surveyor Roost Exit Count 12 Bat(s) (VC14) 11/06/2005 Rosebank, 8 Lewes Road, TQ382279 NE Bat Worker Building Horsted Keynes, East Sussex Inspection (VC14) 11/06/2005 Haywards Heath, East Sussex TQ383283 BCT Surveyor Roost Exit Count 2 Bat(s) (VC14)
Ownership of this data remains with the original recorder whilst copyright of this material remains property of the Page 3 of 10 Sussex Biodiversity Records Centre. 06/06/2004 Haywards Heath, West TQ383283 BCT Surveyor Roost Exit Count 13 Bat(s) Sussex (VC13) 23/10/2003 Lucas Farm, Horsted Keynes TQ387282 Roger Jones Building Inspection 23/10/2003 Lucas Farm, Horsted Keynes, TQ387282 NE Bat Worker Building RH17 7BL, West Sussex Inspection (VC13) 21/06/2002 Haywards Heath, West TQ383283 BCT Surveyor Roost Exit Count 15 Bat(s) Sussex (VC13) 07/06/2002 Haywards Heath, East Sussex TQ383283 BCT Surveyor Roost Exit Count 6 Bat(s) (VC14) 16/07/2001 2 Hillview Cottage, Station Rd, TQ382281 Tony Hutson Building 20 Present Horsted Keynes RH17, West Inspection Sussex (VC13) 01/11/1993 Oakenwood House, Cinder TQ380282 NE Bat Worker Building 1 Dead Hill, Horsted Keynes, East Inspection Sussex (VC14) 01/01/1989 - Rosebank, 8 Lewes Road, TQ382279 NE Bat Worker Building 31/12/1989 Horsted Keynes, East Sussex Inspection (VC14) 09/09/1986 1 Rixons Orchard, Horsted TQ381281 NE Bat Worker Grounded Bat 1 Juvenile Found on patio and hand-reared. Keynes, East Sussex (VC14)
Myotis Unidentified Bat
Date Location Grid Reference Recorder Sampling Method M/S HFR MR UR D Abundance Notes
June 2012 - Lindfield TQ376261 Colleen Aural bat detector 1 Bat(s) Almost certainly Daubenton's but only September 2012 Hope;Paul Hope detector and regular visual to assist with ID. Bat not over water. 15/10/2007 - Land at Freshfield Lane TQ383267 Recorder @ SLR Daylight search taxon Present Mixed age droppings found in 3 oak 16/10/2007 Brickworks, Horsted Keynes, trees during a daylinght bat survey of East Sussex (VC14) trees.
Ownership of this data remains with the original recorder whilst copyright of this material remains property of the Page 4 of 10 Sussex Biodiversity Records Centre. Myotis daubentonii Daubenton's Bat A medium-sized to small bat of woodland, usually near water (this species was sometimes known as the 'water bat'). It feeds largely on chironomid midges, caddis flies and mayflies. Summer roosts are in tree holes, semi-underground sites and occasionally buildings. During winter it hibernates in caves, mine tunnels, cellars and similar places. Widespread in Britain and apparently increasing in parts of its range and recorded throughout Sussex.
Date Location Grid Reference Recorder Sampling Method M/S HFR MR UR D Abundance Notes
12/05/2014 Birch Grove Horsted Keynes TQ393286 Sheila Wright Aural bat detector 2 Present ID by bat detector emerging from barn. Determined by D P King
Myotis nattereri Natterer's Bat A medium-sized bat with long ears inhabiting woodland and mixed farmland, often flying near water. In summer it roosts in old buildings, barns and hollow trees and it hibernates in caves, mines and other underground places. Found throughout much of the British Isles, but generally scarce. The UK population of Natterer's bats may be of international importance and it is widespread in Sussex.
Date Location Grid Reference Recorder Sampling Method M/S HFR MR UR D Abundance Notes
11/06/2005 Rosebank, 8 Lewes Road, TQ382279 NE Bat Worker Building 1 Present Horsted Keynes, East Sussex Inspection (VC14) 28/06/1989 Horsted Keynes, East Sussex TQ382279 L. Unspecified Rosebank, 8 Lewes Road, 1930s (VC14) Hutchinson;John house; roost in 1988 behind soffit. Ambler 01/01/1989 - Rosebank, 8 Lewes Road, TQ382279 NE Bat Worker Visual 1 Dead 31/12/1989 Horsted Keynes, East Sussex (VC14)
Ownership of this data remains with the original recorder whilst copyright of this material remains property of the Page 5 of 10 Sussex Biodiversity Records Centre. Pipistrellus Pipstrelle sp. There are three species of Pipistrelle bat found in the UK; common (Pipistrellus pipistrellus), soprano (P. pygmaeus) and Nathusius (P. Nathusii). Common and soprano pipistrelles were previously recorded as one species, but they are now recognised as separate species, with a peak frequency echolocation at 45 kHz and 55 kHz respectively. The following records refer to an aggregate of the two species, where the audio frequency or specific species is undetermined. Little is known about the Nathusius pipistrelle, but the other two species are found in all types of countryside (except very exposed areas) as well as in towns and suburbs. Summer roosts are usually in buildings, though tree holes and bat boxes are also used. Hibernation sites are in buildings and tree holes. Both common and soprano pipistrelles are widespread in Sussex, while Nathusius' is much rarer.
Date Location Grid Reference Recorder Sampling Method M/S HFR MR UR D Abundance Notes
12/05/2014 Birch Grove, Horsted Keynes TQ393286 Sheila Wright Unknown 1 Present Bat detector record. Determined by D P King 09/04/2013 Horsted Keynes TQ385279 Amy Roost Exit Count 33 Pass(es) Detector. Emergence/activity survey. Richards;Laurie Jackson 09/04/2013 Horsted Keynes TQ385279 Amy Roost Exit Count 1 Individual Re-entered roost under tile. Richards;Laurie Emergence/activity survey. Jackson 09/05/2008 Bordelands, 1 Birch Grove TQ387281 NE Bat Worker Building taxon Present 100 year old brick house. Droppings Road, Horsted Keynes RH17 Inspection outside. Roost in soffit box. 7AN, West Sussex (VC13) 11/08/2006 1 Garden Cottages, Old TQ379298 NE Bat Worker Building Surrey Hall, East Grinstead, Inspection RH19 3PR, West Sussex (VC13) 2006 Upper Sheriff South, Ardingly, TQ363294 Brenda Collins Field Observation Taxon Recorded from summer to autumn in East Sussex (VC14) Abundant loft (very open eaves). 2002 Haywards Heath, West TQ383283 BCT Surveyor Roost Exit Count 4 Bat(s) Sussex (VC13) 01/09/1982 Little Plummerden, Lindfield, TQ363261 Robert Stebbings Visual 24 Present Little Plumerden; under East Sussex (VC14) weatherboarding on east side of house. 01/07/1982 Little Plummerden, Lindfield, TQ364261 NE Bat Worker Building 24 Present East Sussex (VC14) Inspection 08/09/1980 Little Plummerden, Lindfield, TQ364261 NE Bat Worker Building 40 Present East Sussex (VC14) Inspection
Ownership of this data remains with the original recorder whilst copyright of this material remains property of the Page 6 of 10 Sussex Biodiversity Records Centre. Pipistrellus pipistrellus Common Pipistrelle (45 kHz) The common pipistrelle (Pipistrellus pipistrellus) and soprano pipistrelle (P. pygmaeus) were previously recorded as one species. They are now recognised as separate species, with a peak frequency echolocation at 45 kHz and 55 kHz respectively. Pipistrelles are the most common bat in the British Isles and are found in all types of countryside (except very exposed areas) as well as in towns and suburbs. Summer roosts are usually in buildings, though tree holes and bat boxes are also used. Winter roosts are in buildings and tree holes.
Date Location Grid Reference Recorder Sampling Method M/S HFR MR UR D Abundance Notes
15/07/2012 B2080, Appledore TQ374298 Karen Hammond Grounded Bat 1 Juvenile 2010 juvenile. Found on sliding door Female goods shed, no apparent injuries. Over wintering. June 2012 - Lindfield TQ376261 Colleen Roost Exit Count 3 Bat(s) Up to 3 emerging and DNA analysis September 2012 Hope;Paul Hope 22/07/2010 Lake and ponds alongside TQ384292 Dave Barker Aural bat detector taxon Present High numbers foraging. Activity Sussex Border Path, East centred under mature oak and other Sussex (VC14) bankside vegetation. Little hunting over water seen. 22/07/2010 Sussex Border Path running TQ383288 Dave Barker Aural bat detector taxon Present 20.45-23.00 - large numbers utilising through woodland, north of path for commuting from unknown Horsted Keynes, East Sussex roost locations - likely within the (VC14) village commuting to localised foraging areas. No foraging heard, all bats direct commuting. 22/07/2010 Lake and ponds alongside TQ384290 Dave Barker Aural bat detector taxon Present High numbers foraging. Activity Sussex Border Path, East centred under mature oak and other Sussex (VC14) bankside vegetation. Little hunting over water seen.
Ownership of this data remains with the original recorder whilst copyright of this material remains property of the Page 7 of 10 Sussex Biodiversity Records Centre. Plecotus Long-eared sp. It is difficult to distinguish the rare grey long-eared bat from the much more common brown long-eared bat without studying in the hand. This also applies to identifying the species from their droppings.
Date Location Grid Reference Recorder Sampling Method M/S HFR MR UR D Abundance Notes
27/12/2013 Horsted Keynes TQ38372859 John Polley Droppings 09/04/2013 Horsted Keynes TQ385279 Amy Roost Exit Count 6 Pass(es) Detector. Emergence/activity survey. Richards;Laurie Jackson 21/10/2009 Rixons, Horsted Keynes, TQ383282 K. Suppel;Sheila Building Moth wings under feeding perch West Sussex (VC13) Wright Inspection 23/10/2003 Lucas Farm, Horsted Keynes, TQ387282 NE Bat Worker Building RH17 7BL, West Sussex Inspection (VC13)
Ownership of this data remains with the original recorder whilst copyright of this material remains property of the Page 8 of 10 Sussex Biodiversity Records Centre. Plecotus auritus Brown Long-eared Bat BAP One of the more common British bat species, but difficult to distinguish from the much rarer grey long-eared bat (Plecotus austriacus), unless in the hand. It frequents woodland and orchards and has summer roosts in older buildings and trees. It often hibernates in caves, tunnels and mines. The brown long-eared has declined in the British Isles though it remains widespread.
Date Location Grid Reference Recorder Sampling Method M/S HFR MR UR D Abundance Notes
June 2012 - Lindfield TQ376261 Colleen Aural bat detector 1 Bat(s) In flight during survey using Petterson September 2012 Hope;Paul Hope d240x time expansion detector/Edirol recorder. DNA confirmed species. 22/10/2010 Private property, Cinder Hill TQ377295 NE Bat Worker Building 1 Bat(s) Lane, Horsted Keynes Inspection 21/06/2010 Private property, Station TQ360284 NE Bat Worker Building Approach, Ardingly Inspection 03/04/2010 Garden Cottage, Freshfield TQ388264 Jenny Clark Grounded Bat 1 Male Hosed with detol in pigsty. Released Lane, Danehill 10.04.10 05/02/2010 Ludwell Grange, Cinder Hill TQ379281 NE Bat Worker Building taxon Present 1800's wood and brick house. Mixed Lane, Horsted. RH17 7EG, Inspection age droppings under central ridge West Sussex (VC13) boards, with 4 distinct build-ups of droppings 0.5m wide. 09/05/2008 Bordelands, 1 Birch Grove TQ387281 NE Bat Worker Building taxon Present 100 year old brick house. Droppings Road, Horsted Keynes RH17 Inspection mid-roof, loft floor and under ridge. 7AN, West Sussex (VC13) Roost in loft space. 19/11/2007 Great Plummerden Cottage, TQ367263 NE Bat Worker Building Plummerden, Lindfield, RH16 Inspection 2QR, West Sussex (VC13) 26/07/2007 Great Plummerden Cottage, TQ367263 NE Bat Worker Building 3+ Present Plummerden, Lindfield, RH16 Inspection 2QR, West Sussex (VC13) 17/09/2005 2 New Cottages, Cinder Hill TQ379298 NE Bat Worker Visual 1 Present Loft Insulation. Lane, Horsted Keynes, RH17 7BD, West Sussex (VC13) 11/06/2005 Lower Hammenden, TQ363299 NE Bat Worker Building 1 Present Highbrook, Ardingly, East Inspection Sussex (VC14) 11/04/2005 The Sidings, Station Road, TQ3828 Amanda Millar Grounded Bat 1 Adult Male Horsted Keynes
Ownership of this data remains with the original recorder whilst copyright of this material remains property of the Page 9 of 10 Sussex Biodiversity Records Centre. 23/10/2003 Lucas Farm, Horsted Keynes TQ387282 Roger Jones Building Inspection 15/09/1999 Lower Sheriff Farmhouse, TQ370288 NE Bat Worker Building Highbrook, Ardingly, East Inspection Sussex (VC14) 25/05/1995 Hole House, Freshfield Lane, TQ388272 NE Bat Worker Building Danehill, East Sussex (VC14) Inspection 01/01/1989 - Lower Hammenden, TQ363299 NE Bat Worker Building 1 Dead Bats present in previous years. 31/12/1989 Highbrook, Ardingly, East Inspection Sussex (VC14)
Ownership of this data remains with the original recorder whilst copyright of this material remains property of the Page 10 of 10 Sussex Biodiversity Records Centre. SUSSEX NOTABLE BIRD INVENTORY
The Sussex Notable Bird Inventory is based on a list of birds that are particularly scarce or vulnerable to development in Sussex. This report has been created with ecological consultants in mind, to help sort the more sensitive bird species from the more common. These records are only available to ecological consultants due to the sensitivity of the data. The Sussex Ornithological Society (SOS) has kindly shared this data with us, with the view that better planning decisions can be made with the availability of this data. Please see the appended list of species included in this report and the date ranges/criteria for each species’ inclusion.
Icons used in the Notable Bird Inventory: ! Schedule 1 birds Schedule 1 of the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981 provides an additional tier of protection so that rare species are specially protected by increased penalties and cannot be intentionally or recklessly disturbed when nesting. Schedule 1 status also infers a right of arrest by a police officer if someone is suspected of committing certain offences against one of these species.
BAP Biodiversity Action Plan Species (UK BAP)
Twenty‐six species of bird are identified as Priority Species in the UK Biodiversity Action Plan (UK BAP), each the subject of a dedicated action plan which seeks to reverse their declinest and protec vulnerable populations. Any Priority Species recorded within your enquiry area will be indicated in the species information of the bird report. Further details of BAP bird species can be found on the JNCC website.
N Natural Environment & Rural Communities (NERC) Act There are 49 bird species on the England Biodiversity List which was drawn up to meet the requirements of Section 41 of the Act. Further details of the NERC Act can be found on the Natural England website.
Birds of Conservation Concern 3 (2009) Every five years the leading governmental and non‐governmental conservation organisations in the UK review the population status of the 247 species of bird that are regularly found in the UK. There are three lists – Red, Amber and Green ‐ into which each of the species has been placed. 40 species are Red‐listed, 121 are Amber‐listed and 86 are Green‐listed. The status decisions are based on several factors which include: the species’ global and European conservation status; recent and historical decline; whether it is a rare breeder; if it is only confined to a few sites in the UK; and if the species is of international importance.
R Red List species are those that are Globally Threatened according to IUCN criteria; those whose population or range has decline rapidly in recent years; and those that have declined historically and not shown a substantial recent recovery.
Amber List species are those with Unfavourable Conservation Status in Europe; those whose population A or range has declined moderately in recent years; those whose population has declined historically but
made a substantial recent recovery; rare breeders; and those with internationally important or localised
populations.
Green List species are those that do not fulfil any of the above criteria. Some of these species are however protected by law and the list includes some Schedule 1 species which have the highest level of protection. A green icon will not appear in our reports. This information has been obtained from ‘Birds of Conservation Concern 3’ (BoCC3) which can be downloaded from the RSPB website.
Other bird legislation and conservation measures: Wildlife and Countryside Act (WCA) 1981 All British birds, their nests and eggs are protected by UK law. It is an offence to take, kill or injure any wild bird or to take, damage, destroy any nest or egg of any wild bird under Part 1 of the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981, Schedules 1‐4. Hedgerow removal and birds It is advisable not to trim, cut or remove hedgerows during the bird nesting season. You will be violating the Wildlife and Countryside Act if there are birds nesting within it due to the disturbance or destruction of their habitat whilst nesting. The Hedgerows Regulations were introduced in 1997 to protect important hedgerows in the countryside. The regulations state that it is a criminal offence, unless an exception applies, to deliberately remove or otherwise destroy a hedgerow without permission. Please apply to your local planning authority for a Hedgerow Removal Application. Domestic hedges are not included in this regulation, however it is still illegal to cut or remove any hedges if birds are suspected to be nesting in it.
Birds in roofs There are various species that may nest in roofs. Unless they are causing a health hazard, the nests, eggs and chicks are protected by law. The parent birds must not be prevented from gaining access to their nest. Many of the birds that use roof spaces are now species of conservation concern because of their population decline over the past 25 years. Starlings and House Sparrows are Red‐listed, while Barn Owls, House Martins and Swallows are Amber‐listed (see next page for details). Roofs are also important for Swifts. Further information about birds and the law can be found on the RSPB website.
Environmental Stewardship Target Species Farmland birds are one of the key targets of which a landowner can be awarded points through the Higher Level Stewardship scheme. Each Joint Character Area (e.g. High Weald, South Downs, South Coast Plain etc.) has specific key bird species whose populations must be maintained or enhanced to gain points as part of the land owner’s ‘Farm Environment Plan’. This can be done through a combination of management practices which should provide year round habitat requirements, in locations where these birds are known to be present or within 2km of such sites. If a key farmland bird species appears in your report, it will show to which Joint Character Area it is linked. Further information about agri‐environment schemes can be found on the RSPB website.
EU Birds Directive The Birds Directive addresses the conservation of all wild birds throughout the European Union, including marine areas, and covers their protection, management, control and exploitation. It applies to the birds, their eggs, nests and habitats. It places a broad requirement on Member States to take necessary measures to maintain the populations of all wild birds at levels determined by ecological, scientific and cultural needs. In doing so, Member States must also consider economic and recreational needs. The Directive divides into two main parts: habitat conservation and species protection. In summary, it requires Member States to preserve, maintain and re‐establish sufficient diversity and area of habitats for all wild birds. Annex I: Species listed in Annex 1 of the Birds Directive are the subject of special conservation measures concerning their habitat to ensure their survival and reproduction. This includes the designation of areas as Special Protection Areas (SPAs). Annex 2: Annex 2 of the Birds Directive lists birds that can be hunted under the legislation of the Member States. The Directive bands certain non‐selective methods of hunting and defines the limits within which Member States can set the hunting season. Further information about the EU Birds Directive can be found on the BirdLife website.
IUCN Red List The World Conservation Union (IUCN) has been assessing the conservation status of species, subspecies, varieties and even selected sub‐populations on a global scale in order to highlight taxa threatened with extinction, and therefore promote their conservation. The IUCN Red List (different from the previously mentioned Red List) is the world's most comprehensive inventory of the global conservation status of plant and animal species. It uses a set of criteria to evaluate the extinction risk of thousands of species and subspecies. These criteria are relevant to all species and all regions of the world. With its strong scientific base, the IUCN Red List is recognized as the most authoritative guide to the status of biological diversity. Further information about the Red List can be found on the IUCN website.
SUSSEX NOTABLE BIRD LIST
Species Search criteria 1 Search criteria 2 Designations
Eurasian Wigeon Positive breeding status Late May‐ early July records A
Gadwall Positive breeding status Late May‐ early July records A
Pintail Positive breeding status Late May‐ early July records A Garganey Positive breeding status Late May‐ early July records A ! Common Pochard Positive breeding status Late May‐ early July records A
Grey Partridge Positive breeding status March ‐ August records R BAP N Common Quail Positive breeding status March ‐ August records A ! Eurasian Bittern All records March ‐ August records R ! BAP N Little Egret Confirmed breeding records + recognised roosts May and June records A
Grey Heron Confirmed breeding records March ‐ May records
Honey‐buzzard March ‐ August records A ! Red Kite Positive breeding status + recognised roosts March ‐August records A ! Marsh Harrier Positive breeding status + recognised roosts Mid May‐July records A ! Hen Harrier Winter roosts 3 or more birds R ! N Montagu’s Harrier Mid May‐July records A ! Goshawk January ‐ August records All records ! Osprey Mid MaMayy‐Jul Julyy records A ! Hobby Positive breeding status April ‐ August records ! Peregrine Falcon Positive breeding status March ‐ August records ! Spotted Crake Positive breeding status March ‐ August records A ! Avocet Positive breeding status April ‐ July records A ! Stone‐curlew MarchMarch ‐ ‐ AugustAugust recordsrecords A ! BAP N Little Ringed Plover Positive breeding status March ‐ July records ! Northern Lapwing Positive breeding status April ‐June records R BAP N
Common Snipe Positive breeding status April ‐ July records A Black‐tailed Godwit Positive breeding status late May‐June R ! EiEurasian ClCurlew PPositive iti bdibreeding statustt AprilAil ‐ JulyJl recordsd A BAP N
Common Redshank Positive breeding status April ‐June records A
Kittiwake Positive breeding status A Mediterranean Gull Positive breeding status May‐June records A ! Little Tern Positive breeding status A ! Common Tern Positive breeding status A
Turtle Dove Positive breeding status R BAP N Barn Owl All records A !
Long‐eared Owl Positive breeding status + recognised roosts March ‐ August records
Common Swift Confirmed & probably breeding records A Barn Swallow Confirmed & probably breeding records A
House Martin Confirmed & probably breeding records A Common Kingfisher Positive breeding status March ‐ August records A ! Lesser Spotted Woodpecker All records R BAP N
Raven Positive breeding status February ‐ July records
Firecrest Positive breeding status March ‐ August records A ! Willow Tit All records R Bearded Tit Positive breeding status March ‐ August records A ! Wood Lark Positive breeding status March ‐ August records A ! BAP N Cetti's Warbler Positive breedingg status March ‐ Augustg records ! Wood Warbler Positive breeding status April ‐ August records R BAP N Dartford Warbler Positive breeding status March ‐ August records A ! Savi’s Warbler Positive breeding status April ‐ August records R ! BAP N Marsh Warbler Positive breeding status April ‐ August records R ! BAP N Black Redstart May‐July A ! Tree Sparrow All records R BAP N
Yellow Wagtail Positive breeding status + recognised roosts May‐June records R BAP N Common Crossbill Positive breeding status February ‐ July records ! Hawfinch All records BAP N
CornCorn B Buntingunting All recor recordsds R BAPBAP N
Key to symbols (see main explanation sheet for detail on these designations): ! Schedule 1 R BoCC Red List Species A BoCC Amber List SpeciesSpecies BAP Biodiversity Action Plan Species N Natural Environment & Rural Communities (NERC) Act Species
Selection based on: Positive BreedingBreeding = wherewhere a bbirdird hhasas bbeeneen conconfirmedfirmed as bbreeding,reeding, or ttherehere are signs tthathat ttherehere is proprobablebable breeding. Date = a date range which represents each species' breeding season, this criteria will be used where breeding has not been confirmedconfirmed. Please note that this criteria will also bring up non‐breeding records which may not be relevant to the data user. Roost = where a species has been recorded as being in a recognised roost or a winter roost. All Records = where all records for a species are flagged up. Woods Mill, Henfield, West Sussex BN5 9SD [email protected] www.sxbrc.org.uk 01273 497521
SUSSEX BIRD INVENTORY REPORT SUMMARY N.B. This summary report gives details of a ALL bird records. Details of notable bird records appear after this summary. Land at Jefferys Farm, Horsted Keynes + 2km radius 26 May 2016 Search Area: TQ3626 to TQ3929 Prepared for Chris Jennings (The Ecology Partnership)
Common Name Latin Name First Date Last Date No. of Rec's Total Abundance Max. Abundance Canada Goose Branta canadensis 05/04/1983 22/06/2010 17 43 6 Barnacle Goose Branta leucopsis 22/11/2010 - 1 1 1 Mute Swan Cygnus olor 06/04/1983 30/01/2009 4 9 3 Whooper Swan Cygnus cygnus 02/02/1968 - 1 1 1 White-fronted Goose Anser albifrons 31/12/1962 - 1 30 30 Greylag Goose Anser anser 21/03/2000 31/05/2013 12 34 5 Mandarin Duck Aix galericulata 10/12/1974 25/02/2010 5 10 4 Teal Anas crecca 26/06/1977 25/11/2007 2 10 6 Mallard Anas platyrhynchos 05/04/1983 29/01/2015 55 878 230 Pochard Aythya ferina 18/06/1967 30/12/2007 5 13 4 Tufted Duck Aythya fuligula 01/07/1983 22/05/2009 13 64 22 Ruddy Duck Oxyura jamaicensis 05/04/1983 - 2 2 1 Grey Heron Ardea cinerea 10/01/2003 29/01/2015 20 25 5 Black Stork Ciconia nigra 25/05/2013 - 1 1 1 Red-legged Partridge Alectoris rufa 25/09/1990 31/05/2013 8 25 10 Pheasant Phasianus colchicus 27/10/1992 02/02/2015 65 320 25 Little Grebe Tachybaptus ruficollis 01/07/1983 22/06/2010 4 6 2 Great Crested Grebe Podiceps cristatus 15/01/1976 06/04/2009 26 50 4 Cormorant Phalacrocorax carbo 10/01/2003 20/12/2013 11 49 20 Sparrowhawk Accipiter nisus 24/11/1991 13/06/2013 9 4 1 Buzzard Buteo buteo 19/04/1978 02/02/2015 51 100 8 Osprey Pandion haliaetus 16/08/2009 - 1 1 1 Kestrel Falco tinnunculus 21/06/1999 02/02/2015 21 22 3
Ownership of this data remains with the original recorder whilst copyright of this material remains property of the Sussex Biodiversity Records Centre. Page 1 of 4 Common Name Latin Name First Date Last Date No. of Rec's Total Abundance Max. Abundance Moorhen Gallinula chloropus 19/04/1983 19/12/2014 37 95 9 Coot Fulica atra 01/07/1983 27/05/2008 4 7 2 Lapwing Vanellus vanellus 01/06/1976 08/05/1990 7 28 7 Snipe Gallinago gallinago 01/06/1976 01/06/1980 8 14 3 Woodcock Scolopax rusticola 01/06/1978 01/06/2013 20 34 12 Common Gull Larus canus 24/12/2008 02/02/2015 5 26 16 Lesser Black-backed Gull Larus fuscus 05/02/2010 27/05/2013 3 4 2 Herring Gull Larus argentatus 03/12/2007 19/12/2014 10 74 61 Black-headed Gull Chroicocephalus ridibundus 10/01/2003 02/02/2015 26 260 80 Stock Dove Columba oenas 01/06/1993 25/06/2014 12 27 4 Woodpigeon Columba palumbus 09/08/1996 02/02/2015 71 1548 315 Collared Dove Streptopelia decaocto 02/11/2007 03/08/2014 33 111 13 Turtle Dove Streptopelia turtur 01/06/1976 24/06/2014 13 85 18 Ring-necked Parakeet Psittacula krameri 15/11/2014 - 1 10 10 Cuckoo Cuculus canorus 08/05/1990 21/04/2014 7 7 2 Barn Owl Tyto alba 17/02/2013 24/01/2015 2 3 2 Little Owl Athene noctua 01/06/1977 22/06/2010 21 23 2 Tawny Owl Strix aluco 01/05/1976 24/06/2011 34 89 18 Swift Apus apus 15/07/2003 16/07/2012 11 64 12 Kingfisher Alcedo atthis 30/08/1979 29/01/2015 20 25 3 Green Woodpecker Picus viridis 01/06/1981 29/01/2015 55 99 12 Great Spotted Woodpecker Dendrocopos major 01/06/1980 02/02/2015 55 140 10 Lesser Spotted Woodpecker Dendrocopos minor 26/03/1994 - 1 1 1 Wood Warbler Phylloscopus sibilatrix 22/05/2009 - 1 1 1 Chiffchaff Phylloscopus collybita 27/05/1990 31/05/2013 27 96 13 Willow Warbler Phylloscopus trochilus 27/05/1990 21/04/2014 17 33 6 Woodlark Lullula arborea 21/07/2000 - 1 1 1 Skylark Alauda arvensis 01/06/1992 16/02/2011 12 50 10 Swallow Hirundo rustica 02/06/1998 27/07/2014 23 76 10 House Martin Delichon urbicum 19/08/1997 20/08/2013 10 22 6 Tree Pipit Anthus trivialis 01/06/1977 30/06/1991 7 13 6 Meadow Pipit Anthus pratensis 22/05/2008 16/02/2011 7 19 12 Grey Wagtail Motacilla cinerea 08/04/1968 23/04/2012 29 51 4 Pied Wagtail Motacilla alba 02/11/2007 02/02/2015 24 51 16 Pied Wagtail Motacilla alba subsp. yarrellii 31/07/2009 20/12/2013 7 10 2 Wren Troglodytes troglodytes 01/06/1992 02/02/2015 52 325 90 Dunnock Prunella modularis 01/06/1993 29/01/2015 30 74 24 Robin Erithacus rubecula 01/06/1992 02/02/2015 67 500 80 Nightingale Luscinia megarhynchos 05/05/1978 15/05/1999 8 12 2
Ownership of this data remains with the original recorder whilst copyright of this material remains property of the Sussex Biodiversity Records Centre. Page 2 of 4 Common Name Latin Name First Date Last Date No. of Rec's Total Abundance Max. Abundance Redstart Phoenicurus phoenicurus 16/05/1982 - 1 3 3 Blackbird Turdus merula 01/06/1993 02/02/2015 69 558 30 Fieldfare Turdus pilaris 18/12/2008 02/02/2015 9 151 100 Song Thrush Turdus philomelos 01/06/1993 02/02/2015 52 128 20 Redwing Turdus iliacus 08/01/1995 02/02/2015 20 568 200 Mistle Thrush Turdus viscivorus 02/11/2007 19/12/2014 18 29 6 Spotted Flycatcher Muscicapa striata 16/06/1990 17/06/2011 7 18 5 Blackcap Sylvia atricapilla 01/06/1994 26/06/2013 18 46 11 Garden Warbler Sylvia borin 01/06/1994 19/04/2010 6 11 6 Lesser Whitethroat Sylvia curruca 05/06/2009 - 1 1 1 Whitethroat Sylvia communis 01/06/1992 13/06/2011 13 40 12 Goldcrest Regulus regulus 31/01/1991 29/01/2015 26 35 3 Long-tailed Tit Aegithalos caudatus 16/06/1990 02/02/2015 30 180 34 Blue Tit Cyanistes caeruleus 01/06/1992 02/02/2015 70 1373 170 Great Tit Parus major 01/06/1992 02/02/2015 71 1019 141 Coal Tit Periparus ater 04/02/2008 02/02/2015 13 17 4 Willow Tit Poecile montana 01/06/1976 08/01/1995 11 40 8 Marsh Tit Poecile palustris 01/06/1977 19/12/2014 19 76 10 Nuthatch Sitta europaea 27/05/1990 02/02/2015 46 157 18 Treecreeper Certhia familiaris 25/11/2008 20/11/2014 13 14 2 Great Grey Shrike Lanius excubitor 24/12/1972 04/01/2011 3 2 1 Jay Garrulus glandarius 22/01/2008 29/01/2015 29 46 4 Magpie Pica pica 05/11/2007 02/02/2015 47 126 14 Jackdaw Corvus monedula 01/06/1992 29/01/2015 70 1581 83 Rook Corvus frugilegus 01/04/1975 02/02/2015 29 489 66 Carrion Crow Corvus corone 02/11/2007 02/02/2015 65 256 26 Starling Sturnus vulgaris 02/11/2007 02/02/2015 36 351 48 House Sparrow Passer domesticus 02/11/2007 02/02/2015 39 260 20 Tree Sparrow Passer montanus 31/08/1976 01/05/1990 6 83 24 Lesser Redpoll Acanthis cabaret 01/06/1977 05/02/2010 2 5 4 Greenfinch Chloris chloris 10/07/2009 04/12/2009 4 13 5 Linnet Linaria cannabina 31/05/2008 22/06/2010 8 30 20 Siskin Spinus spinus 24/12/2008 02/02/2015 8 128 30 Chaffinch Fringilla coelebs 01/06/1993 02/02/2015 65 505 60 Brambling Fringilla montifringilla 10/11/1990 - 1 1 1 Greenfinch Carduelis chloris 05/11/2007 29/01/2015 29 66 8 Goldfinch Carduelis carduelis 08/05/1990 02/02/2015 33 94 30 Common Crossbill Loxia curvirostra 14/05/1986 - 1 8 8 Parrot Crossbill Loxia pytyopsittacus 02/01/2014 - 1 9 9
Ownership of this data remains with the original recorder whilst copyright of this material remains property of the Sussex Biodiversity Records Centre. Page 3 of 4 Common Name Latin Name First Date Last Date No. of Rec's Total Abundance Max. Abundance Bullfinch Pyrrhula pyrrhula 09/06/1991 19/12/2014 21 59 9 Hawfinch Coccothraustes coccothraustes 01/05/1988 - 1 1 1 Yellowhammer Emberiza citrinella 01/06/1992 26/06/2013 17 64 25 Reed Bunting Emberiza schoeniclus 01/06/1977 21/03/2000 15 28 4 Corn Bunting Emberiza calandra 22/01/2008 - 2 2 1
Ownership of this data remains with the original recorder whilst copyright of this material remains property of the Sussex Biodiversity Records Centre. Page 4 of 4 Woods Mill, Henfield, West Sussex BN5 9SD [email protected] www.sxbrc.org.uk 01273 497521
SUSSEX NOTABLE BIRD REPORT Land at Jefferys Farm, Horsted Keynes + 2km radius
26 May 2016 Search Area: TQ3626 to TQ3929 Prepared for Chris Jennings (The Ecology Partnership)
Aythya ferina Pochard
A stocky diving duck that is a scarce summer non-breeder, very scarce breeder and fairly common winter visitor. It is very scarce on observed passage. It breeds on large, reed-fringed lakes and winters on lakes, reservoirs and in sheltered bays. It has a varied diet of plants and seeds, snails, small fish and insects.
Bird Population Status - amber; Birds Directive Annex 2.1; Convention on Migratory Species; Appendix 2 Grid Reference Recorder Date Locality Abundance Selection Based On
TQ3828 SOS Archived Records 18/06/1967 Horsted Keynes Mill 1 Present Positive Breeding
Ardea cinerea Grey Heron
A fairly common resident, the Grey Heron is increasing in numbers and can be found in most wetland areas standing silently at the water's edge waiting for fish prey. Breeds colonially in tall trees near to plentiful fish supplies.
Grid Reference Recorder Date Locality Abundance Selection Based On
TQ32U Tetrad Atlas (2007-2011) TTV data 06/04/2009 Horsted Keynes Gt Oddynes 1 Present Date TQ32Y Tetrad Atlas (2007-2011) TTV data 07/04/2009 Danehill Latchetts 1 Present Date TQ3828 BTO Birdtrack data 27/05/2008 Horsted Keynes Birchgrove 1 Present Date
Ownership of this data remains with the original recorder whilst copyright of this material remains property of the Sussex Biodiversity Records Centre. Page 1 of 12 Pernis apivorus Honey-buzzard
A large bird of prey with broad wings and a long tail, which feeds mainly on the larvae and nests of bees and wasps. It is a very scarce breeding summer visitor in Sussex and a scarce spring and autumn passage migrant.
Bird Population Status - amber; Birds Directive Annex 1; Convention on Migratory Species; Appendix 2; EC CITES Annex A; Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981 (Schedule 1 Part 1) Grid Reference Recorder Date Locality Abundance Selection Based On
TQ3927 Sussex Ornithological Society 30/05/1981 Horsted Keynes CP 1 Present Date
Milvus milvus Red Kite
This unmistakable large bird of prey is a very scarce breeding resident (first bred in 2004) and scarce but increasing visitor. Red kites were almost extinct in the UK by the early 1900s but in the last two decades, they have been re-introduced to England and Scotland, with magnificent results. It is easily recognised by its red colour and forked tail. It feeds on carrion, worms and small mammals.
Bird Population Status - amber; Birds Directive Annex 1; Convention on Migratory Species; Appendix 2; EC CITES Annex A; Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981 (Schedule 1 Part 1) Grid Reference Recorder Date Locality Abundance Selection Based On
TQ362292 BTO Birdtrack data 07/07/2013 Ardingly Sheriff Farm 1 Present Date TQ3729 BTO Birdtrack data 21/03/2014 Horstd Keynes Cinder Hill 1 Present Date
Falco subbuteo Hobby
Scarce breeding summer visitor and regular passage migrant. An agile species which feeds on insects and small birds, associated with heathlands that is now also found on farmland with pine clumps and woodland. Widely recorded in Sussex.
Bern Convention Appendix 2; Convention on Migratory Species; Appendix 2; EC CITES Annex A; Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981 (Schedule 1 Part 1) Grid Reference Recorder Date Locality Abundance Selection Based On
TQ32U Tetrad Atlas (Roving records) 31/05/2008 Horsted Keynes Gt Oddynes 2 Present Positive Breeding TQ32U Tetrad Atlas (Roving records) 13/06/2009 Horsted Keynes Gt Oddynes Present Taxon Positive Breeding TQ3829 Anon @ Ashdown Forest Bird Group 25/07/1998 Ashdown Forest 2 Present Date TQ394270 Anon @ Ashdown Forest Bird Group 20/07/2000 Danehill CP 1 Present Positive Breeding TQ395273 Anon @ Ashdown Forest Bird Group 09/08/2000 Danehill CP 1 Present Positive Breeding
Ownership of this data remains with the original recorder whilst copyright of this material remains property of the Sussex Biodiversity Records Centre. Page 2 of 12 Vanellus vanellus Lapwing
A large wader which is a familiar farmland and wetland bird; it is a scarce or fairly common, but declining, resident and very common winter visitor. The bird declined markedly in South East England at the end of the last century. The favoured breeding habitat is mixed farmland and suitable habitats have been in short supply. Its diet consists of worms and insects.
Bird Population Status - red; Birds Directive Annex 2.2; Convention on Migratory Species; Appendix 2; Environmental Stewardship Target Species (Pevensey Levels); Environmental Stewardship Target Species (Romney Marsh); Environmental Stewardship Target Species (South Downs); Environmental Stewardship Target Species (Wealden Greensand); Natural Environment and Rural Communities Act 2006 - Species of Principal Importance in England (sec; UK Biodiversity Action Plan priority species Grid Reference Recorder Date Locality Abundance Selection Based On
TQ369288 SOS Archived Records 01/05/1985 Horsted Keynes Goddenwick 5 Present Positive Breeding TQ3727 SOS Archived Records 01/06/1980 Bluebell Railway 2 Present Positive Breeding TQ3729 SOS Archived Records 01/06/1976 Bluebell Railway 3 Present Positive Breeding TQ3729 SOS Archived Records 01/06/1977 Bluebell Railway 7 Present Positive Breeding TQ3729 SOS Archived Records 01/06/1979 Bluebell Railway 7 Present Positive Breeding TQ3729 SOS Archived Records 01/06/1980 Bluebell Railway 3 Present Positive Breeding TQ385292 Sussex Ornithological Society 08/05/1990 Horsted Keynes Broadhurst 1 Present Positive Breeding
Gallinago gallinago Snipe
Now a very scarce breeder and fairly common winter visitor favouring poorly drained pasture. The UK population of Snipe has undergone particularly steep declines in lowland wet grassland in the past twenty-five years. It is a plump medium-sized wader with short legs and a long bill used to probe for small invertebrates, including worms and insect larvae. Males display by flying high in the air and then dropping steeply producing a noise by vibrating their tail feathers.
Bird Population Status - amber; Birds Directive Annex 2.1; Convention on Migratory Species; Appendix 2 Grid Reference Recorder Date Locality Abundance Selection Based On
TQ3628 SOS Archived Records 01/06/1977 Bluebell Railway 1 Present Positive Breeding TQ3727 SOS Archived Records 01/06/1977 Bluebell Railway 1 Present Positive Breeding TQ3727 SOS Archived Records 01/06/1980 Bluebell Railway 2 Present Positive Breeding TQ3728 SOS Archived Records 01/06/1978 Horsted Keynes Gt Oddynes 2 Present Positive Breeding TQ3728 SOS Archived Records 01/06/1979 Horsted Keynes Gt Oddynes 3 Present Positive Breeding TQ3729 SOS Archived Records 01/06/1976 Bluebell Railway 2 Present Positive Breeding TQ3729 SOS Archived Records 01/06/1977 Bluebell Railway 1 Present Positive Breeding TQ3729 SOS Archived Records 01/06/1980 Bluebell Railway 2 Present Positive Breeding
Ownership of this data remains with the original recorder whilst copyright of this material remains property of the Sussex Biodiversity Records Centre. Page 3 of 12 Streptopelia turtur Turtle Dove
A declining summer migrant that breeds at the northern edge of its range in the UK. It is confined largely to the south and east of England and is associated with fertile arable farmland in warm, dry situations where it feeds on seed. Nests in thick hedges, bushes and low trees in woodland edges, copses, commons, heaths and parkland. Easily identified by its evocative purring call.
Bird Population Status - red; Birds Directive Annex 2.2; EC CITES Annex A; Environmental Stewardship Target Species (High Weald); Environmental Stewardship Target Species (Low Weald); Environmental Stewardship Target Species (Romney Marsh); Environmental Stewardship Target Species (South Downs); Environmental Stewardship Target Species (Wealden Greensand); Natural Environment and Rural Communities Act 2006 - Species of Principal Importance in England (sec; UK Biodiversity Action Plan priority species Grid Reference Recorder Date Locality Abundance Selection Based On
TQ32U Tetrad Atlas (Roving records) 31/05/2008 Horsted Keynes Gt Oddynes 3 Present Positive Breeding TQ3729 Sussex Ornithological Society 01/06/1976 Bluebell Railway 14 Present Positive Breeding TQ3729 Sussex Ornithological Society 01/06/1977 Bluebell Railway 12 Present Positive Breeding TQ3729 Sussex Ornithological Society 01/06/1977 Horstd Keynes Cinder Hill 4 Present Positive Breeding TQ3729 Sussex Ornithological Society 01/06/1978 Bluebell Railway 18 Present Positive Breeding TQ3729 Sussex Ornithological Society 01/06/1979 Bluebell Railway 4 Present Positive Breeding TQ3729 Sussex Ornithological Society 01/07/1980 Bluebell Railway 4 Present Positive Breeding TQ3729 Sussex Ornithological Society 01/07/1981 Bluebell Railway 10 Present Positive Breeding TQ3729 Sussex Ornithological Society 01/07/1982 Bluebell Railway 12 Present Positive Breeding TQ385266 Sussex Ornithological Society 27/05/1990 Danehill Latchetts 1 Present Positive Breeding
Ownership of this data remains with the original recorder whilst copyright of this material remains property of the Sussex Biodiversity Records Centre. Page 4 of 12 Tyto alba Barn Owl
A distinctive and much loved bird of the countryside, this fairly common resident declined substantially during the last century mainly due to loss of habitat, particularly areas of rough grassland where it hunts for mice, voles and shrews. The position has been improving recently with many nest boxes being erected, although the conversion of barns in Sussex has had a negative impact on potential breeding sites.
Bern Convention Appendix 2; Bird Population Status - amber; EC CITES Annex A; Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981 (Schedule 1 Part 1) Grid Reference Recorder Date Locality Abundance Selection Based On
TQ32U Tetrad Atlas (Roving records) 26/06/2008 Horsted Keynes Gt Oddynes Present Taxon All records TQ32U Tetrad Atlas (Roving records) 01/05/2009 Horsted Keynes Gt Oddynes Present Taxon All records TQ32U Tetrad Atlas (Roving records) 16/07/2009 Horsted Keynes Gt Oddynes 4 Present All records TQ3726 Sussex Ornithological Society 01/05/2006 Bluebell Railway 1 Present All records TQ3727 BTO Birdtrack data 03/04/2008 Horsted Keynes CP 1 Present All records TQ380270 Jeffrey Ashton 17/02/2013 Tremains Farm, Horsted Keynes 1 Dead Female All records TQ39842722 Tom Forward 24/01/2015 Danehill 2 Adult All records
Apus apus Swift
A well-known common summer visitor and passage migrant, widely distributed in Sussex. This sickle-shaped medium-sized dark aerial bird only stops flying when at the nest, it even sleeps on the wing! Many towns and villages have breeding populations. Very large migration movements are sometimes recorded with many thousands of birds involved. Can be seen in large screaming parties speeding around rooftops. They feed on flying insects and airborne spiders.
Bird Population Status - amber Grid Reference Recorder Date Locality Abundance Selection Based On
TQ32T Tetrad Atlas (Roving records) 13/06/2011 Horsted Keynes Woodsland Present Taxon Positive Breeding TQ383287 Sussex Ornithological Society 15/07/2003 Horsted Keynes CP 9 Present Positive Breeding
Ownership of this data remains with the original recorder whilst copyright of this material remains property of the Sussex Biodiversity Records Centre. Page 5 of 12 Alcedo atthis Kingfisher
Fairly common resident and occasional winter visitor which is widespread across Sussex, but often declines following hard winters. A brilliantly coloured blue and orange bird which can be found in lowland freshwater areas such as rivers, ponds and streams, and during the winter on the coast and in estuarine areas. Nests in hole in riverbank or sandpit.
Bern Convention Appendix 2; Bird Population Status - amber; Birds Directive Annex 1; Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981 (Schedule 1 Part 1) Grid Reference Recorder Date Locality Abundance Selection Based On
TQ32U Tetrad Atlas (2007-2011) TTV data 05/06/2009 Horsted Keynes Gt Oddynes 1 Present Positive Breeding TQ32Z Tetrad Atlas (Roving records) 18/05/2009 Horsted Keynes 1 Present Positive Breeding TQ3826 Sussex Ornithological Society 28/05/1990 Danehill Latchetts 1 Present Date TQ3828 Sussex Ornithological Society 14/07/1990 Horsted Keynes CP 1 Present Date TQ3828 BTO Birdtrack data 31/07/2009 Horsted Keynes Birchgrove 3 Present Positive Breeding TQ3829 SOS Archived Records 30/08/1979 Horsted Keynes Broadhurst 1 Present Date TQ3829 Sussex Ornithological Society 15/06/1990 Horsted Keynes CP 1 Present Date TQ3829 Sussex Ornithological Society 12/07/1990 Horsted Keynes CP 1 Present Date TQ383290 Sussex Ornithological Society 15/06/1990 Horsted Keynes Broadhurst 1 Present Date TQ383290 Anon @ Wildfowl Surveys (SWMH) 15/06/1990 Horsted Keynes CP 1 Present Date TQ383290 Sussex Ornithological Society 26/06/1999 Horsted Keynes CP 1 Present Date TQ385266 Sussex Ornithological Society 27/05/1990 Danehill Latchetts 1 Present Date TQ385266 Anon @ Wildfowl Surveys (SWMH) 27/05/1990 Danehill Latchetts 1 Present Date TQ3929 Sussex Ornithological Society 16/06/1990 Horsted Keynes Birchgrove 1 Present Date TQ397286 Anon @ Inland Water Survey (SWMH) 01/06/1982 Horsted Sedge Wood Pond 2 Present Positive Breeding TQ397286 SOS Archived Records 01/06/1982 Horsted Sedge Wood Pond 2 Present Positive Breeding
Ownership of this data remains with the original recorder whilst copyright of this material remains property of the Sussex Biodiversity Records Centre. Page 6 of 12 Dendrocopos minor Lesser Spotted Woodpecker
The size of a sparrow, this is Europe's smallest woodpecker. It is a scarce, possibly now very scarce, and declining Sussex resident that favours damp, open, broad leaved woodland. It feeds on insects, especially larvae, spiders and wood-boring insects. It requires decaying wood in which it makes a new nest chamber each year. Its population is scattered across Sussex in suitable areas; the county holds a significant proportion of the national population.
Bern Convention Appendix 2; Bird Population Status - red; Nerc Act 2006; UK Biodiversity Action Plan priority species Grid Reference Recorder Date Locality Abundance Selection Based On
TQ375265 Sussex Ornithological Society 26/03/1994 Bluebell Railway 1 Present All records
Phylloscopus sibilatrix Wood Warbler
A very scarce summer resident and passage migrant. This large white and yellow leaf warbler is associated with damp oak woodland where it feeds mainly on insects and spiders. Its best locations are in the north of our area, although it has never been common in Sussex and seems to be declining.
Bird Population Status - red; Natural Environment and Rural Communities Act 2006 - Species of Principal Importance in England (sec; UK Biodiversity Action Plan priority species Grid Reference Recorder Date Locality Abundance Selection Based On
TQ32Z Tetrad Atlas (2007-2011) TTV data 22/05/2009 Horsted Keynes 1 Present Positive Breeding
Lullula arborea Woodlark
This species declined considerably in the mid- to late-20th century largely due to loss of heathland habitat and changes in agriculture. It is a scarce resident and a possibly very scarce passage migrant. This lark is brown on it's back and white underneath and has a beautiful song which is often heard on heathlands at night. Its breeding strongholds in our area are in the west of West Sussex and on the Ashdown Forest, but it is gradually moving back to other areas. Feeds on insects and seeds.
Bird Population Status - amber; Birds Directive Annex 1; Natural Environment and Rural Communities Act 2006 - Species of Principal Importance in England (sec; UK Biodiversity Action Plan priority species; Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981 (Schedule 1 Part 1) Grid Reference Recorder Date Locality Abundance Selection Based On
TQ385284 Sussex Ornithological Society 21/07/2000 Horsted Keynes CP 1 Present Date
Ownership of this data remains with the original recorder whilst copyright of this material remains property of the Sussex Biodiversity Records Centre. Page 7 of 12 Hirundo rustica Swallow
Our familiar swallow with long tail streamers is a common summer visitor and abundant passage migrant. They are agile in flight and spend most of their time on the wing hunting. They often breed in quiet farm buildings with nearby ponds and open pasture especially near cattle where they can feed on plentiful insects. Reedbeds are used as pre-migration roosts in late summer and early autumn.
Bern Convention Appendix 2; Bird Population Status - amber Grid Reference Recorder Date Locality Abundance Selection Based On
TQ32T Tetrad Atlas (Roving records) 06/07/2009 Horsted Keynes Woodsland Present Taxon Positive Breeding TQ32T Tetrad Atlas (2007-2011) TTV data 19/04/2010 Horsted Keynes Woodsland 1 Present Positive Breeding TQ32U Tetrad Atlas (2007-2011) TTV data 06/04/2009 Horsted Keynes Gt Oddynes 1 Present Positive Breeding TQ32U Tetrad Atlas (Roving records) 06/07/2009 Horsted Keynes Gt Oddynes Present Taxon Positive Breeding TQ32Z Tetrad Atlas (2007-2011) TTV data 21/06/2010 Horsted Keynes 5 Present Positive Breeding TQ362293 BTO Birdtrack data 12/06/2013 Highbrook nr Sharpthorne 4 Present Positive Breeding TQ378297 Sussex Ornithological Society 18/05/1999 Horstd Keynes Cinder Hill 2 Present Positive Breeding TQ3828 BTO Birdtrack data 31/07/2009 Horsted Keynes Birchgrove 1 Present Positive Breeding TQ3828 BTO Birdtrack data 21/06/2010 Horsted Keynes Birchgrove 8 Present Positive Breeding TQ387299 Sussex Ornithological Society 02/06/1998 Horsted Keynes CP 1 Present Positive Breeding
Ownership of this data remains with the original recorder whilst copyright of this material remains property of the Sussex Biodiversity Records Centre. Page 8 of 12 Delichon urbicum House Martin
A distinctive hirundine with a forked tail and white rump, it is a common summer visitor and abundant passage migrant. It is more abundant in urban areas than in the countryside because of the availability of suitable nesting sites in the eaves of buildings, but it will feed on around insects that it finds on agricultural land and around water.
Bern Convention Appendix 2; Bird Population Status - amber Grid Reference Recorder Date Locality Abundance Selection Based On
TQ32U Tetrad Atlas (Roving records) 13/05/2008 Horsted Keynes Gt Oddynes 2 Present Positive Breeding TQ32Z Tetrad Atlas (Roving records) 13/06/2009 Horsted Keynes Present Taxon Positive Breeding TQ362293 BTO Birdtrack data 20/08/2013 Highbrook nr Sharpthorne 4 Present Positive Breeding TQ3727 BTO Birdtrack (histo captures) 19/08/1997 Horsted Keynes CP Present Taxon Positive Breeding TQ3828 Sussex Ornithological Society 08/06/1999 Horsted Keynes Mill 4 Present Positive Breeding TQ386263 Anon @ SOS House Martin;Anon @ 23/05/2006 Danehill Latchetts 2 Present Positive Breeding Sparrow Survey 2006 TQ386263 Anon @ SOS House Martin;Anon @ 17/07/2006 Danehill Latchetts 6 Present Positive Breeding Sparrow Survey 2006 TQ386281 Sussex Ornithological Society 18/05/1999 Horsted Keynes Mill 2 Present Positive Breeding
Ownership of this data remains with the original recorder whilst copyright of this material remains property of the Sussex Biodiversity Records Centre. Page 9 of 12 Poecile montana Willow Tit
A very scarce and declining resident that favours damp woodland close to rivers, streams and gravel pits. It also likes undergrowth in broadleaved woodland and is sometimes found well away from water in marginal habitat not so suitable for other Tit species. This species has suffered recent population declines. It has a large sooty-black cap extending to the back of the neck and a small untidy black bib; it feeds on insects, seeds and berries.
Bern Convention Appendix 2; Bird Population Status - red; Nerc Act 2006; UK Biodiversity Action Plan priority species Grid Reference Recorder Date Locality Abundance Selection Based On
TQ3726 Sussex Ornithological Society 20/04/1991 Horsted Keynes CP 2 Present All records TQ3726 Sussex Ornithological Society 01/06/1992 Bluebell Railway 1 Present All records TQ3729 Sussex Ornithological Society 01/06/1976 Bluebell Railway 4 Present All records TQ3729 Sussex Ornithological Society 01/06/1977 Bluebell Railway 6 Present All records TQ3729 Sussex Ornithological Society 01/06/1978 Bluebell Railway 1 Present All records TQ3729 Sussex Ornithological Society 01/06/1979 Bluebell Railway 4 Present All records TQ3729 Sussex Ornithological Society 01/06/1980 Bluebell Railway 6 Present All records TQ3729 Sussex Ornithological Society 01/06/1982 Bluebell Railway 2 Present All records TQ3729 Sussex Ornithological Society 01/06/1992 Bluebell Railway 8 Present All records TQ3828 Sussex Ornithological Society 08/01/1995 Horsted Keynes Mill 1 Present All records TQ3829 Sussex Ornithological Society 12/07/1990 Horsted Keynes CP 5 Present All records
Ownership of this data remains with the original recorder whilst copyright of this material remains property of the Sussex Biodiversity Records Centre. Page 10 of 12 Passer montanus Tree Sparrow
A bird that has had large fluctuations in population in the past but which has been in decline in the British Isles for some time. In Sussex it is a much declined and now very scarce resident, and a scarce passage migrant and winter visitor, more abundant in East Sussex than in the West. It is mainly a bird of open farmland with hedgerows and free-standing trees where it feeds on insects and seeds.
Bird Population Status - red; Environmental Stewardship Target Species (High Weald); Environmental Stewardship Target Species (Low Weald); Environmental Stewardship Target Species (Pevensey Levels); Environmental Stewardship Target Species (Romney Marsh); Environmental Stewardship Target Species (South Downs); Environmental Stewardship Target Species (Wealden Greensand); Natural Environment and Rural Communities Act 2006 - Species of Principal Importance in England (sec; UK Biodiversity Action Plan priority species Grid Reference Recorder Date Locality Abundance Selection Based On
TQ3729 SOS Archived Records 01/05/1976 - Bluebell Railway 3 Male; 3 Present All records 31/08/1976 TQ3729 SOS Archived Records 15/05/1977 Bluebell Railway 12 Present All records TQ3729 SOS Archived Records 01/05/1978 Bluebell Railway 24 Present All records TQ3729 SOS Archived Records 01/05/1979 - Bluebell Railway 14 Present All records 31/08/1979 TQ3729 SOS Archived Records 01/04/1980 Bluebell Railway 19 Present; 4 Male All records TQ3729 Sussex Ornithological Society 01/05/1990 Horsted Keynes CP 4 Present All records
Loxia curvirostra Common Crossbill
A chunky finch with a large head and bill, it is an irruptive species; usually a scarce visitor but fairly common in some years. It is a very scarce breeder in some years.Feeds almost exclusively on seeds in conifer woodlands. Breeds occasionally and can be seen flying in family groups or larger flocks.
Bern Convention Appendix 2; Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981 (Schedule 1 Part 1) Grid Reference Recorder Date Locality Abundance Selection Based On
TQ3929 Sussex Ornithological Society 14/05/1986 Horsted Keynes Birchgrove 8 Present Positive Breeding
Ownership of this data remains with the original recorder whilst copyright of this material remains property of the Sussex Biodiversity Records Centre. Page 11 of 12 Coccothraustes coccothraustes Hawfinch
This is our largest finch, with a massive powerful bill for eating seeds, buds and shoots. A scarce breeding resident and very scarce passage migrant. An elusive finch of mixed deciduous woodland recorded rather more frequently in East Sussex. This species is probably under-recorded in the county owing to its secretive nature.
Bern Convention Appendix 2; Bird Population Status - red; Natural Environment and Rural Communities Act 2006 - Species of Principal Importance in England (sec; UK Biodiversity Action Plan priority species Grid Reference Recorder Date Locality Abundance Selection Based On
TQ386268 SOS Archived Records 01/05/1988 Danehill Latchetts 1 Present All records
Emberiza calandra Corn Bunting
A non-descript brown bunting that is a fairly common but decreasing resident with most records from the Downs and the east of East Sussex. One of the few UK bird species largely dependent on cropped land and it seems particularly to like barley. It feeds on seeds and insects. It can also be found on heathland and open countryside. Its has had a dramatic population decline in the UK.
Bird Population Status - red; Environmental Stewardship Target Species (Romney Marsh); Nerc Act 2006; UK Biodiversity Action Plan priority species Grid Reference Recorder Date Locality Abundance Selection Based On
TQ32Z Tetrad Atlas (2007-2011) TTV data 22/01/2008 Horsted Keynes 1 Present All records TQ3828 BTO Birdtrack data 22/01/2008 Horsted Keynes Birchgrove 1 Present All records
Ownership of this data remains with the original recorder whilst copyright of this material remains property of the Sussex Biodiversity Records Centre. Page 12 of 12 BIODIVERSITY ACTION PLAN SPECIES INVENTORY
The BAP Species Inventory does not include bat, bird or otter records. Bat and bird records are included in separate inventories, while otter records are not included in SxBRC reports.
The UK Biodiversity Action Plan (BAP), published in 1994, was the UK Government’s response to signing the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) at the 1992 Rio Earth Summit. The new UK post‐2010 Biodiversity Framework replaces the previous UK level BAP, though the lists of priority species agreed under the UK BAP still form the basis of much biodiversity work in the UK. The current strategy for England is ‘Biodiversity 2020: A Strategy for England's wildlife and ecosystem services’. Although the UK BAP has been succeeded, Species Action Plans (SAPs) developed under the UK BAP still remain important and valuable reference sources for background information on Priority Species under the UK Post‐2010 Biodiversity Framework.
The new framework includes five internationally agreed strategic goals and supporting targets to be achieved by 2020. The five strategic goals agreed were: . Strategic Goal A: Address the underlying causes of biodiversity loss by mainstreaming biodiversity across government and society . Strategic Goal B: Reduce the direct pressures on biodiversity and promote sustainable use . Strategic Goal C: To improve the status of biodiversity by safeguarding ecosystems, species and genetic diversity . Strategic Goal D: Enhance the benefits to all from biodiversity and ecosystem services . Strategic Goal E: Enhance implementation through participatory planning, knowledge management and capacity building.
Further information on the UK BAP and details of the species and habitat action plans can be found on the JNCC website.
BAP species within this report BAP records are labelled so that only one record per species per grid reference is included in a SxBRC report. This will usually be the most up to date record. Species which appear in the ‘England Biodiversity List’ to meet the requirements of Section 41 of the NERC Act (2006)* are labelled with the symbol N.
* Natural Environment & Rural Communities (NERC) Act The NERC Act (2006) was established with the intention to help ensure that biodiversity becomes an integral consideration in the development of policies, and that decisions of public bodies work with nature and not against it.
The England Biodiversity List has been drawn up to meet the requirements of Section 41 of the Act. The S41 list consists of 943 species and 56 habitats of principal importance in England and will be used to guide decision‐makers such as public bodies, including local and regional authorities, in implementing their duty under Section 40 of the NERC Act.
Further details of the NERC Act can be found on the Natural England website. Woods Mill, Henfield, West Sussex BN5 9SD [email protected] www.sxbrc.org.uk 01273.497521
UK BIODIVERSITY ACTION PLAN SPECIES INVENTORY REPORT
Please note that bat, bird and otter records are not included in this report
Land at Jefferys Farm, Horsted Keynes + 2km radius
26 May 2016 Search Area: TQ3626 to TQ3929 Prepared for Chris Jennings (The Ecology Partnership)
Erynnis tages Dingy Skipper N Insect - butterfly
The butterfly occurs in discrete colonies, frequenting downland, dunes, heaths, embankments, woodland rides and occasionally damper areas. The larva feeds on birdsfoot trefoils, Lotus corniculatus and L. uliginosus. Southern Britain and Wales, being more local further north. Widespread but declining in Sussex Weald. More stable on the South Downs. Recorded under both Erynnis tages and as the nominate subspecies Erynnis tages tages. Designations IUCN (2001) - Vulnerable, Natural Environment and Rural Communities Act 2006 - Species of Principal Importance in England (sec, Sussex Biodiversity Action Plan, UK Biodiversity Action Plan priority species
Grid Reference Recorder Date Locality TQ394260 Peter Edwards 10/05/2011 Freshfield Lane
Pyrgus malvae Grizzled Skipper N Insect - butterfly
A butterfly of sheltered meadows, downland and open woodland rides. Larva on Potentilla, Fragaria vesca and Agrimonia eupatoria. Commonest in central southern England, Wales and the Midlands up to Yorkshire. Still widespread on the Downs but less common than it was in the Weald. Designations IUCN (2001) - Vulnerable, Natural Environment and Rural Communities Act 2006 - Species of Principal Importance in England (sec, Sussex Biodiversity Action Plan, UK Biodiversity Action Plan priority species
Grid Reference Recorder Date Locality TQ371291 Arthur McCulloch 06/06/1998 Horsted Keynes Station TQ388264 VE Heasman 05/05/1988 Stoaches Cottage
Limenitis camilla White Admiral N Insect - butterfly
A fairly widespread woodland butterfly that has increased a little in numbers and range in Sussex in recent decades. The larvae are found on honeysuckle. Designations IUCN (2001) - Vulnerable, Natural Environment and Rural Communities Act 2006 - Species of Principal Importance in England (sec, Sussex Biodiversity Action Plan, UK Biodiversity Action Plan priority species
Grid Reference Recorder Date Locality TQ382288 Arthur McCulloch 14/08/1998 Horsted Keynes, Sussex Border Path TQ385288 Graham Champion 07/07/2007 Horsted Keynes TQ388264 VE Heasman 01/08/1988 Stoaches Cottage TQ3929 Graham Champion 07/07/2007 Birchgrove Wood
Ownership of this data remains with the original recorder whilst copyright of this material remains property of the Sussex Biodiversity Records Centre. Page 1 of 5 Coenonympha pamphilus Small Heath N Insect - butterfly
A small grassland butterfly that is fairly widespread in Sussex, especially on the Downs. The species has become much less common than it used to be in many areas in recent decades. Designations IUCN (2001) - Lower risk - near threatened, Natural Environment and Rural Communities Act 2006 - Species of Principal Importance in England (sec, Sussex Biodiversity Action Plan, UK Biodiversity Action Plan priority species
Grid Reference Recorder Date Locality TQ362262 Arthur McCulloch 12/07/1997 Skein Winders, Lindfield TQ394298 Andrew Guest 20/06/1998 Horsted Keynes area
Hipparchia semele Grayling N Insect - butterfly
Once widespread over the downs, now restricted to one valley near Wilmington. This species can occasionally be found in the far north-west of Sussex however this represents over-flow from Hampshire populations as opposed to an established Sussex colony. Designations IUCN (2001) - Vulnerable, Natural Environment and Rural Communities Act 2006 - Species of Principal Importance in England (sec, Sussex Biodiversity Action Plan, Sussex Rare Species Inventory, UK Biodiversity Action Plan priority species
Grid Reference Recorder Date Locality TQ388264 VE Heasman 17/08/1988 Stoaches Cottage
Triturus cristatus Great Crested Newt N Amphibian
The largest British newt. It is black or dark brown and the males have a crest along the back and an orange underside spotted with black. Frequently confused with male smooth newts, which also have a crest. The great crested newt prefers larger, open ponds that are free of fish and waterfowl and has declined substantially in Britain and across Europe, mainly due to habitat loss. The species is fully legally protected and Britain has special responsibility for its conservation as some of the best European populations occur here. Scattered across East and Central Sussex but scarce in the west. Designations Bern Convention Appendix 2, European Protected Species, Habitats Directive Annex 2 - non-priority species, Habitats Directive Annex 4, Natural Environment and Rural Communities Act 2006 - Species of Principal Importance in England (sec, Sussex Biodiversity Action Plan, Sussex Protected Species Register, UK Biodiversity Action Plan priority species, Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981 (Schedule 5 Section 9.4b), Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981 (Schedule 5 Section 9.5a), Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981 (Schedule 5 Section 9.5b), Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981 (Schedule 5)
Grid Reference Recorder Date Locality TQ363294 Brenda Collins July 2006 Upper Sheriff South TQ367289 Paul Whitby April 2011 High Wood, Ardingly CP TQ370274 Alex Stephens 13/03/2014 Keysford Lane, Horsted Keynes TQ37052744 Alex Stephens 17/06/2014 Keysford Lane, Horsted Keynes TQ383267 Recorder @ SLR 24/04/2006 - Land at Freshfield Lane Brickworks, 16/05/2006 Horsted Keynes CP
Ownership of this data remains with the original recorder whilst copyright of this material remains property of the Sussex Biodiversity Records Centre. Page 2 of 5 Bufo bufo Common Toad N Amphibian
Still a widespread species in Sussex but declining due to loss of habitat and other factors. Toads tend to have large populations centred on particular breeding sites and they may become locally extinct if these are damaged or destroyed. Common toads are legally protected against sale. Designations Natural Environment and Rural Communities Act 2006 - Species of Principal Importance in England (sec, Sussex Biodiversity Action Plan, UK Biodiversity Action Plan priority species, Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981 (Schedule 5 Section 9.5a), Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981 (Schedule 5 Section 9.5b)
Grid Reference Recorder Date Locality TQ361292 Sam Pottier 02/05/2014 Ardingly TQ375296 SARG recorder 21/03/2000 Craggwood Cott. Cinder Hill La, Horsted Keynes, Horsted Keynes CP
Anguilla anguilla European Eel N Bony fish (Actinopterygii)
Eels breed in the sea and migrate to freshwater to grow before returning to the sea to spawn. This unusual fish is in sharp decline, though the reasons are not fully understood. However, it is generally thought that habitat degradation is a major factor. It has been found across the British Isles and very widely in Sussex. Designations IUCN (2001) - Critically endangered, Natural Environment and Rural Communities Act 2006 - Species of Principal Importance in England (sec, Sussex Biodiversity Action Plan, UK Biodiversity Action Plan priority species
Grid Reference Recorder Date Locality TQ3690427694 Recorder @ Environment Agency 02/05/2013 Cockhaise, Holywell Pumping Station TQ3750028300 Recorder @ Environment Agency 04/09/2003 Cockhaise, Horsted Keynes STW TQ3750028400 Recorder @ Environment Agency 26/06/2001 Cockhaise, Horsted Keynes STW TQ375284 EA - Environment Agency 26/06/2001 Cockhaise Brook, Horsted Keynes, East Sussex (VC14)
Salmo trutta Brown/Sea Trout N Bony fish (Actinopterygii)
This fish has three British forms: the Sea Trout, Salmo trutta trutta, and two forms of the Brown Trout, one that lives in rivers, Salmo trutta fario and one in lakes, Salmo trutta lacustris. Sea trout and brown trout occur widely in Sussex both as native and introduced fish. The riverine form of the brown trout is now highly threatened or extinct in many European countries as a result of habitat loss, barriers to migration, pollution and over-fishing. Designations Natural Environment and Rural Communities Act 2006 - Species of Principal Importance in England (sec, Sussex Biodiversity Action Plan, UK Biodiversity Action Plan priority species
Grid Reference Recorder Date Locality TQ3690427694 Recorder @ Environment Agency 02/05/2013 Cockhaise, Holywell Pumping Station TQ3750028300 Recorder @ Environment Agency 04/09/2003 Cockhaise, Horsted Keynes STW TQ3750028400 Recorder @ Environment Agency 26/06/2001 Cockhaise, Horsted Keynes STW
Ownership of this data remains with the original recorder whilst copyright of this material remains property of the Sussex Biodiversity Records Centre. Page 3 of 5 Salmo trutta subsp. fario Brown Trout N Bony fish (Actinopterygii)
Subspecies fario is the riverine form of the brown trout and it is now highly threatened or extinct in many European countries as a result of habitat loss, barriers to migration, pollution and over-fishing. It is found in well-oxygenated streams and rivers. It has been widely recorded across East and West Sussex. Designations Natural Environment and Rural Communities Act 2006 - Species of Principal Importance in England (sec, Sussex Biodiversity Action Plan, UK Biodiversity Action Plan priority species
Grid Reference Recorder Date Locality TQ375284 EA - Environment Agency 26/06/2001 Cockhaise Brook, Horsted Keynes, East Sussex (VC14)
Anguis fragilis Slow-worm N Reptile
A legally protected legless lizard resembling a small snake. Slow-worms are widespread in southern England and found in open habitats such as rough grassland, heath and on road and railway embankments. They are often common in urban and suburban areas. Like most reptiles and amphibians they have declined considerably and need protection wherever they occur. Designations Natural Environment and Rural Communities Act 2006 - Species of Principal Importance in England (sec, Sussex Biodiversity Action Plan, Sussex Protected Species Register, UK Biodiversity Action Plan priority species, Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981 (Schedule 5 Section 9.1 (killing/injuring)), Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981 (Schedule 5 Section 9.5a), Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981 (Schedule 5 Section 9.5b)
Grid Reference Recorder Date Locality TQ361292 Sam Pottier 02/05/2014 Ardingly TQ363294 Brenda Collins 2006 Upper Sheriff South, Ardingly, East Sussex (VC14) TQ383267 Recorder @ SLR 11/09/2006 - Land at Freshfield Lane Brickworks, 28/09/2006 Horsted Keynes CP
Zootoca vivipara Common Lizard N Reptile
The most abundant British lizard and widespread in Sussex in the Weald and along the coast. Probably under-recorded and increasingly confined to small areas of open sunny habitat. A legally protected species due to concern about its overall decline. Designations Natural Environment and Rural Communities Act 2006 - Species of Principal Importance in England (sec, Sussex Biodiversity Action Plan, Sussex Protected Species Register, UK Biodiversity Action Plan priority species, Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981 (Schedule 5 Section 9.1 (killing/injuring)), Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981 (Schedule 5 Section 9.5a), Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981 (Schedule 5 Section 9.5b)
Grid Reference Recorder Date Locality TQ383267 Recorder @ SLR 11/09/2006 - Land at Freshfield Lane Brickworks, 28/09/2006 Horsted Keynes CP
Ownership of this data remains with the original recorder whilst copyright of this material remains property of the Sussex Biodiversity Records Centre. Page 4 of 5 Natrix natrix Grass Snake N Reptile
A widespread, but legally protected, snake with a normally olive body flecked with black and a distinctive yellow collar. Frequent in Sussex near places where its food, largely frogs, is readily available. Like most reptiles and amphibians, grass snakes have declined considerably and need protection wherever they occur. Designations Natural Environment and Rural Communities Act 2006 - Species of Principal Importance in England (sec, Sussex Biodiversity Action Plan, Sussex Protected Species Register, UK Biodiversity Action Plan priority species, Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981 (Schedule 5 Section 9.1 (killing/injuring)), Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981 (Schedule 5 Section 9.5a), Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981 (Schedule 5 Section 9.5b)
Grid Reference Recorder Date Locality TQ363294 Brenda Collins 2006 Upper Sheriff South, Ardingly, East Sussex (VC14) TQ3729 SARG Sussex Amphibian & Reptile 22/07/1996 Leamland Wood, East Sussex (VC14) Grp;Dennis Dey TQ375288 SARG Sussex Amphibian & Reptile 01/09/1997 Oddynes Holt, Horsted Keynes, East Grp;Dennis Dey Sussex (VC14) TQ376287 SARG Sussex Amphibian & Reptile Grp 22/09/1998 Oddneynes Holt, Horsted Keynes, East Sussex (VC14) TQ3828 SARG Sussex Amphibian & Reptile Grp 10/07/1998 High Trees, Church Lane, Horsted Keynes, East Sussex (VC14) TQ3829 SARG Sussex Amphibian & Reptile Grp 04/08/1998 Broadhurst Manor Grounds, East Sussex (VC14) TQ387282 SARG Sussex Amphibian & Reptile Grp 06/05/1998 Lucas, Horsted Keynes, East Sussex (VC14)
Erinaceus europaeus West European Hedgehog N Terrestrial mammal
The hedgehog is one of our most familiar and endearing small mammals and it is still widespread in Sussex and Britain. However, hedgehog numbers have been adversely affected by changes in agriculture with less permanent pasture and fewer hedgerows. Climate change may also affect the availability of earthworms, one of their main foods, during hot, dry summers. There is some survey evidence that hedgehogs are most common where badgers are rarer and badgers do, of course, prey on them. Designations Natural Environment and Rural Communities Act 2006 - Species of Principal Importance in England (sec, Sussex Biodiversity Action Plan, UK Biodiversity Action Plan priority species
Grid Reference Recorder Date Locality TQ377294 Recorder @ WildCall 17/09/2015 Garden of 1 New Cottages, Cinder Hill Lane
Muscardinus avellanarius Hazel Dormouse N Terrestrial mammal
A nocturnal species of woodland and overgrown hedgerows. Dormice spend much of their time climbing among branches in search of fruit, nuts, insects and other food. They sleep in nests during the day in hollow trees, unoccupied bird or bat boxes and similar places and hibernate in winter. Dormice occur mainly in southern England in this country and are widespread in suitable habitats in Sussex. Designations European Protected Species, Habitats Directive Annex 4, Natural Environment and Rural Communities Act 2006 - Species of Principal Importance in England (sec, Sussex Biodiversity Action Plan, Sussex Protected Species Register, UK Biodiversity Action Plan priority species, Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981 (Schedule 5 Section 9.4b), Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981 (Schedule 5 Section 9.5a), Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981 (Schedule 5 Section 9.5b), Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981 (Schedule 5)
Grid Reference Recorder Date Locality TQ378290 Recorder @ WildCall 14/08/2013 Pain's Wood, Horsted Keynes, West Sussex (VC13)
Ownership of this data remains with the original recorder whilst copyright of this material remains property of the Sussex Biodiversity Records Centre. Page 5 of 5 SUSSEX RARE SPECIES INVENTORY
The Rare Species Inventory does not include bat, bird or otter records. Bat and bird records are included in separate inventories, while otter records are not included in SxBRC reports.
The Sussex Rare Species Inventory (RSI) contains over 3,400 species. These species are selected according to strict criteria of rarity associated with their occurrence in Sussex.
The criteria for selection of species are listed below:
All species in the British Red Data Books including all Notable fauna and Nationally Scarce flora and British endemic taxa which have ever occurred in Sussex whether extinct or not. Species included in the UK Biodiversity Action Plan (BAP species). Internationally rare taxa cited in the Bern Convention, IUCN Red Data lists, or EU Habitats Directive which are not covered by any of the above.
The RSI has been designed to be comprehensive for species but representative for records. This is managed in several ways: RSI records are labelled so that only one record per species per grid reference gets flagged up. This will usually be the most up to date record. SxBRC does not hold marine information other than coastal species and cetaceans. The following species are relatively common in Sussex but are in the RSI because they are Notable or Nationally Scarce. Only one record of these species is labelled per 2km tetrad: Round‐headed Rampion Phyteuma orbiculare Frogbit Hydrocharis morus‐ranae Adonis Blue Lysandra bellargus Long‐winged Conehead Conocephalus discolor (syn. C. fuscus) Variable Damselfly Coenagrion pulchellum Downy Emerald Cordulea aenea
For records of rare vascular plants, bryophytes and lichens the Record Centre recommends the Sussex Rare Plant Register, compiled by the Sussex Botanical Recording Society. This gives information on the distribution and status of over 400 Sussex Rare Plants, putting data from RSI reports into a Sussex‐wide context. Please see our website for more information.
IUCN Categories of Rarity The following is a summary of the IUCN categories of rarity. For further information visit the IUCN website. Extinct (EX) A taxon is Extinct when there is no reasonable doubt that the last individual has died. Extinct in the Wild (EW) A taxon is Extinct in the Wild when it is known only to survive in cultivation, in captivity or as a naturalized population (or populations) well outside the past range. Critically Endangered (CR) A taxon is Critically Endangered when it is considered to be facing an extremely high risk of extinction in the wild. Endangered (EN) A taxon is Endangered when it is considered to be facing a very high risk of extinction in the wild. Vulnerable (VU) A taxon is Vulnerable when it is considered to be facing a high risk of extinction in the wild. Near Threatened (NT) A taxon is Near Threatened when it is close to qualifying for or is likely to qualify for a threatened category in the near future. Least Concern (LC) A taxon is Least Concern when it has been evaluated against the criteria and does not qualify for Critically Endangered, Endangered, Vulnerable or Near Threatened. Data Deficient (DD) A taxon is Data Deficient when there is inadequate information to make a direct, or indirect, assessment of its risk of extinction based on its distribution and/or population status. Not Evaluated (NE) A taxon is Not Evaluated when it is has not yet been evaluated against the criteria. Regionally Scarce (NR) Occurs in 5 or fewer 10km squares in a particular region of Britain. Locally determined.
Woods Mill, Henfield, West Sussex BN5 9SD [email protected] www.sxbrc.org.uk 01273 497521
SUSSEX RARE SPECIES INVENTORY REPORT
Please note that bat, bird and otter records are not included in this report
Land at Jefferys Farm, Horsted Keynes + 2km radius
26 May 2016 Search Area: TQ3626 to TQ3929 Prepared for Chris Jennings (The Ecology Partnership)
Riccia huebeneriana Violet Crystalwort Liverwort
A thallose liverwort of wet mud in sunny or shaded situations mainly at the margins of still water. Primarily a species of mainland Europe with scattered, often isolated, records in the British Isles. Very rare in our area with records from Hawkins Pond and St Leonard's Forest in West Sussex and Horsted Keynes, Pound Hill and the Darwell Reservoir in East Sussex.
Designations Sussex Rare Species Inventory
Grid Reference Recorder Date Locality TQ3828 SAMLL 2002 East Sussex (VC14)
Impatiens noli-tangere Touch-me-not Balsam Flowering plant
A plant of damp woodland and streamsides, probably only native in the UK in the Lake District and parts of central Wales. In Sussex a very rare plant known from near Felbridge where it was first noticed c.1890. It is still extant but is threatened by the invasive Impatiens glandulifera.
Designations Sussex Rare Species Inventory
Grid Reference Recorder Date Locality TQ3654128284 A. Symon 02/08/2011 W of Horsted Keynes
Mentha aquatica x spicata = M. x Peppermint piperita Flowering plant
Designations Sussex Rare Species Inventory
Grid Reference Recorder Date Locality TQ3710327698 Judy Wilson;Nick Sturt;Elizabeth Sturt 07/09/2008 East Sussex (VC14)
Ownership of this data remains with the original recorder whilst copyright of this material remains property of the Sussex Biodiversity Records Centre. Page 1 of 6 Carex elongata Elongated Sedge Flowering plant
A very rare sedge of marshy places. Now known only from one site in East Sussex and one in West Sussex.
Designations Sussex Rare Species Inventory
Grid Reference Recorder Date Locality TQ393267 Anon @ Sussex Bot. Rec. Soc.;Paul 1995 East Sussex (VC14) Harmes
Carex otrubae x remota = C. x Sedge pseudoaxillaris Flowering plant
Designations Sussex Rare Species Inventory
Grid Reference Recorder Date Locality TQ32U SPASU 1979 East Sussex (VC14)
Bromus arvensis Field Brome Flowering plant
Designations Sussex Rare Species Inventory
Grid Reference Recorder Date Locality TQ3678528735 Margaret Pilkington 17/06/2015 House Field - quadrat 1
Bromus secalinus Rye Brome Flowering plant
An introduced grass of cereal fields, which is also found as a casual on waste ground, and occasionally in improved leys. Now very rare in our area and possible gone from West Sussex.
Designations Farm Environment Plan Guidance 007- Table 3; IUCN (2001) - Vulnerable; Sussex Rare Species Inventory
Grid Reference Recorder Date Locality TQ32Z Alan Knapp;K.A. Knapp 10/07/2008 East Sussex (VC14) TQ37082773 Judy Wilson;Nick Sturt;Elizabeth Sturt 07/09/2008 East Sussex (VC14)
Chrysosplenium alternifolium Alternate-leaved Golden-saxifrage Flowering plant
This species is known from several sites in wet woodland along the Rother and its tributaries in West Sussex, not far from similar streams in Hampshire where it is frequent.
Designations Sussex Rare Species Inventory
Grid Reference Recorder Date Locality TQ383267 Recorder @ SLR 15/08/2007 Horsted Keynes CP
Ownership of this data remains with the original recorder whilst copyright of this material remains property of the Sussex Biodiversity Records Centre. Page 2 of 6 Syntrichia papillosa Marble Screw-moss Moss
A lowland moss of the bark of mature trees and, very rarely, rocks and walls. Formerly known as Tortula papillosa. A declining species in the British Isles. A rare moss of tree trunks and bases in our area with a scatter of records from East Sussex, mainly near the coast.
Designations Sussex Rare Species Inventory
Grid Reference Recorder Date Locality TQ384292 Tom Ottley 11/09/2011 East Sussex (VC14)
Osmunda regalis Royal Fern Fern
A large fern found of fen-carr woodland, ditches, and riverbanks. Thought to be native in Sussex only in Ashdown Forest and elsewhere likely to be of garden origin.
Designations Sussex Rare Species Inventory
Grid Reference Recorder Date Locality TQ384291 Anon @ Sussex Bot. Rec. Soc.;Ron 1994 East Sussex (VC14) Clough;Beryl Clough TQ384293 Arthur Hoare 06/06/2004 Horsted Keynes CP TQ3846529124 A. Symon 25/04/2011 Horsted Keynes CP
Meconopsis cambrica Welsh Poppy Flowering plant
Designations Sussex Rare Species Inventory
Grid Reference Recorder Date Locality TQ3875128173 A. Symon 17/07/2011 Horsted Keynes CP
Buxus sempervirens Box Flowering plant
Mostly planted, but possibly native on some sites in the West Sussex South Downs.
Designations IUCN (2001) - Data Deficient; Sussex Rare Species Inventory
Grid Reference Recorder Date Locality TQ383267 Recorder @ SLR 15/08/2007 Horsted Keynes CP
Oxalis dillenii Sussex Yellow-sorrel Flowering plant
Designations Sussex Rare Species Inventory
Grid Reference Recorder Date Locality TQ3860228297 A. Symon 17/07/2011 Horsted Keynes CP
Ownership of this data remains with the original recorder whilst copyright of this material remains property of the Sussex Biodiversity Records Centre. Page 3 of 6 Euphorbia platyphyllos Broad-leaved Spurge Flowering plant
A long-established annual of cultivated and waste ground, the margins of arable fields, and occasionally on roadsides. Decreasing throughout southern England and north-west Europe, but with more than 30 post 1986 records from East and West Sussex.
Designations EC CITES Annex B; Farm Environment Plan Guidance 007- Table 3; Sussex Rare Species Inventory
Grid Reference Recorder Date Locality TQ39142629 Alan Knapp;K.A. Knapp 18/10/2009 East Sussex (VC14)
Hypericum perforatum x maculatum = Des Etangs' St John's-wort H. x desetangsii Flowering plant
Designations Sussex Rare Species Inventory
Grid Reference Recorder Date Locality TQ32Z SPASU 1979 East Sussex (VC14) TQ38442861 Alan Knapp;K.A. Knapp 10/07/2008 Horsted Keynes Church
Galium uliginosum Fen Bedstraw Flowering plant
A perennial plant of base-rich marshes and fens, An uncommon and declining species with a handful of sites in West Sussex and now only one in East Sussex.
Designations Sussex Rare Species Inventory
Grid Reference Recorder Date Locality TQ32Z Arthur Hoare 2004 Horsted Keynes CP TQ385295 Arthur Hoare 06/06/2004 Horsted Keynes CP
Hygrocybe insipida Spangle Waxcap Fungus
Designations Sussex Rare Species Inventory
Grid Reference Recorder Date Locality TQ384283 Unknown 1997 - 1999 East Sussex (VC14)
Ownership of this data remains with the original recorder whilst copyright of this material remains property of the Sussex Biodiversity Records Centre. Page 4 of 6 Cordulia aenea Downy Emerald Insect - dragonfly (Odonata)
A dragonfly of nutrient-poor tree-lined or woodland ponds, lakes, canals, slow-flowing rivers and streams. Thinly but widely scattered across our area. Elsewhere it is a scarce species and southern and south eastern England are its main strongholds in the British Isles.
Designations Sussex Rare Species Inventory
Grid Reference Recorder Date Locality TQ32Z David Chelmick 1965 - 1978 West Sussex (VC13) TQ3829 David Chelmick 22/05/2008 Horsted Keynes CP TQ385294 Derek Pritty 22/05/1992 East Sussex (VC14) TQ385295 Derek Pritty 22/05/1992 West Sussex (VC13) TQ39432997 Justin Atkinson 15/06/2004 Birchgrove Fish Pond (c) (SxPI)
Somatochlora metallica Brilliant Emerald Insect - dragonfly (Odonata)
A dragonfly of large, mildly acidic pools often in pine woods. Locally common in the High Weald in the north of our area and in the Arun and Adur catchments. The insect has a remarkably disjunct distribution in the British Isles with its main concentration in The Weald and adjacent areas and elsewhere only in the Scottish Highlands.
Designations IUCN (2001) - Vulnerable; Sussex Rare Species Inventory
Grid Reference Recorder Date Locality TQ384294 Tony Wilson 03/07/1993 West Sussex (VC13) TQ385294 N. Rhys-Williams July 1994 East Sussex (VC14) TQ385295 Dave Sadler 20/07/1994 West Sussex (VC13) TQ386290 N. Rhys-Williams July 1996 West Sussex (VC13) TQ387268 W Merritt 1974 East Sussex (VC14) TQ393298 Anon 14/08/2003 Hammer Ponds
Apatura iris Purple Emperor Insect - butterfly
Much rarer today than in the past, this sallow-feeding woodland butterfly has shown some signs of recovery in recent years. Currently widespread nationally, but rare in West Sussex.
Designations IUCN (2001) - Lower risk - near threatened; Sussex Rare Species Inventory; Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981 Schedule 5 Sections (9.5a; 9.5b)
Grid Reference Recorder Date Locality TQ3828 Edmund Chamberlain 05/07/2010 Horsted Keynes TQ3829 Michael Blencowe 28/07/2013 TQ3829 Horsted Keynes, Fishponds (1km sq)
Nymphalis polychloros Large Tortoiseshell Insect - butterfly
Currently not recorded in Sussex as a breeding species, and always rather scarce. Occasionally recorded as an immigrant, or possibly deliberately released.
Designations IUCN (2001) - Regionally Extinct; Sussex Rare Species Inventory; Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981 Schedule 5 Sections (9.5a)
Grid Reference Recorder Date Locality TQ388264 VE Heasman 12/05/1988 Stoaches Cottage
Ownership of this data remains with the original recorder whilst copyright of this material remains property of the Sussex Biodiversity Records Centre. Page 5 of 6 Hipparchia semele Grayling Insect - butterfly
Once widespread over the downs, now restricted to one valley near Wilmington. This species can occasionally be found in the far north-west of Sussex however this represents over-flow from Hampshire populations as opposed to an established Sussex colony.
Designations IUCN (2001) - Vulnerable; Natural Environment and Rural Communities Act 2006 - Species of Principal Importance in England (sec; Sussex Biodiversity Action Plan; Sussex Rare Species Inventory; UK Biodiversity Action Plan priority species
Grid Reference Recorder Date Locality TQ388264 VE Heasman 17/08/1988 Stoaches Cottage
Lampetra planeri Brook Lamprey Jawless fish (Agnatha)
Designations Habitats Directive Annex 2 - non-priority species; Sussex Rare Species Inventory
Grid Reference Recorder Date Locality TQ3690427694 Recorder @ Environment Agency 02/05/2013 Cockhaise, Holywell Pumping Station
Cottus gobio Bullhead Bony fish (Actinopterygii)
Designations Habitats Directive Annex 2 - non-priority species; Sussex Rare Species Inventory
Grid Reference Recorder Date Locality TQ3690427694 Recorder @ Environment Agency 02/05/2013 Cockhaise, Holywell Pumping Station
Ownership of this data remains with the original recorder whilst copyright of this material remains property of the Sussex Biodiversity Records Centre. Page 6 of 6 SUSSEX INVASIVE ALIEN SPECIES REPORT
The Sussex Invasive Alien Species Report is produced in order to help minimise the threat posed by invasive alien species in Sussex. Records are labelled so that only one record per species per grid reference is included ‐ this will usually be the most up to date record.
Most alien species pose no threat to native species, and indeed many naturalised non‐natives represent important additions to our flora and fauna. An older record of an alien invasive species may denote that there was once a problem at this site, but it has subsequently been dealt with. However, the problem may still persist but no up to date information is available.
What is an Invasive Alien Species? The term alien is synonymous with the term non‐native. An invasive alien is defined as an alien species whose introduction and/or spread threatens biological diversity. Invasive alien species are referred to by several names, which are often used interchangeably: non‐natives, introduced, non‐indigenous, exotic, foreign, noxious, aggressive, pest or harmful species.
What’s the problem? With no natural predators and a benign climate, invasive alien species can out‐compete our native plant and animal species. For example, some invasive alien plants species can change light levels, decrease dissolved oxygen in water, change soil chemistry and its structure, and increase surface run‐off and soil erosion. On a more subtle level, invasive alien species can affect ecosystem processes such as nutrient cycling, pollination and regeneration of soils. Invasive fauna can compete with native species, displace them, consume them, act as parasites or transmit diseases, reduce growth and survival rates, cause the decline or extinction of local populations or even entire species.
What control is in place? Section 14 of The Wildlife and Countryside Act (1981) is the principal legislation dealing with the release of non‐native species. This has been amended by the Natural Environment and Rural Communities (NERC) Act (2006) in England and Wales. Section 14 of the Act makes it illegal to allow any animal which is not ordinarily resident in Great Britain, or is listed on Schedule 9 of the Act, to escape into the wild, or to release it into the wild. It is also illegal to plant or otherwise cause to grow in the wild any plant listed on Schedule 9 of the Act.
What to do if there is an invasive alien species on your site If you have any of the species listed in this report on your site, firstly investigate the recommended control for the particular species. You can search by species name on the GB non‐native species secretariat website for further advice.
If there are invasive alien species at your site that are not in this report please contact us on [email protected] or 01273 497521 so that we can update our database. Woods Mill, Henfield, West Sussex BN5 9SD [email protected] www.sxbrc.org.uk 01273 497521
SUSSEX INVASIVE ALIEN SPECIES REPORT
Please note that bird records are not included in this report. Land at Jefferys Farm, Horsted Keynes + 2km radius
26 May 2016 Search Area: TQ3626 to TQ3929 Prepared for Chris Jennings (The Ecology Partnership)
Elodea canadensis Canadian Waterweed Flowering plant In the latter half of the 19th century and the first half of the 20th century this aquatic plant spread rapidly spread throughout Europe and caused major environmental problems. However since the 1950s it has been considered less of a problem than the more invasive Elodea nuttallii and Lagarosiphon major. Described as posing a threat to native biodiversity in the Sussex Habitat Action Plan for standing fresh water. Grid Reference Recorder Date Locality
TQ364299 Rita des Forges 20/07/2010 Hammingden Farm., West Hoathly, C14 TQ385295 Louise Scott (Clark);Marion Lee / Finch 22/04/1991 Birchgrove fish ponds, Horsted Keynes
Fallopia japonica Japanese Knotweed Flowering plant Listed on Schedule 9 Part II of the Wildlife & Countryside Act (1981). It is an offence to plant or otherwise cause to grow the species in the wild. Described as the most pernicious weed in Britain by Plantlife, Japanese knotweed was introduced in the UK in the mid-19th century as an ornamental plant. It is now is a problem invasive perennial throughout Europe. It is an offence to plant, or otherwise cause to grow, the species in the wild. Landowners are liable to prosecution if they allow the plant to spread from their land. Grid Reference Recorder Date Locality
TQ32T Alan Knapp;K.A. Knapp 18/08/2006 N of Cockhaise Farm, East Sussex (VC14) TQ32U Alan Knapp;K.A. Knapp 21/07/2009 W of Horsted Keynes
Impatiens glandulifera Indian Balsam Flowering plant A tall annual alien introduced in 1839. Usually found in waterside situations where it becomes a dominant plant substantially reducing native species richness. Grid Reference Recorder Date Locality
TQ32T Alan Knapp;K.A. Knapp 18/08/2006 N of Cockhaise Farm, East Sussex (VC14)
Ownership of this data remains with the original recorder whilst copyright of this material remains property of the Sussex Biodiversity Records Centre. Reproduction is strictly prohibited. Page 1 of 4 Rhododendron ponticum Rhododendron Flowering plant A naturalised, purple-flowered shrub introduced in 1763. Most UK plants derive from Spanish stock. A highly invasive species that suppresses native vegetation and its associated flora and fauna. Grid Reference Recorder Date Locality
TQ32T Alan Knapp;K.A. Knapp 18/08/2006 N of Cockhaise Farm, East Sussex (VC14) TQ32U Arthur Hoare 2004 Horsted Keynes, Horsted Keynes CP TQ32Y Alan Knapp 14/06/2006 SE of Horsted Keynes, East Sussex (VC14) TQ32Z Arthur Hoare 2004 Horsted Keynes, Horsted Keynes CP TQ383267 Recorder @ SLR 15/08/2007 Land at Freshfield Lane Brickworks, Horsted Keynes CP TQ385295 Louise Scott (Clark);Marion Lee / Finch 22/04/1991 Birchgrove fish ponds, Horsted Keynes
Lamium galeobdolon subsp. argentatum Yellow Archangel Flowering plant Often listed just as Lamiastrum galeobdolon montanum. However, the New Atlas of the British Flora and other sources point out that L. g. montanum is the widespread yellow archangel of the British countryside and that the nominate subspecies L. g. ssp. galeobdolon is a rare plant confined as a native to Lincolnshire and Kirkcudbrightshire. Some authorities position the variegated invasive alien yellow archangel as L. g. ssp. montanum, others as L. g. ssp. argentatum. This latter form is thought to have been introduced in the late 1960s and is spreading rapidly. It is widespread in Sussex and listed on Schedule 9 of the Wildlife & Countryside Act 1981. Grid Reference Recorder Date Locality
TQ32Y Adriana Symon 20/03/2011 S. of Horsted Keynes, East Sussex (VC14) TQ32Z Alan Knapp 26/12/2007 Horsted Keynes, Horsted Keynes CP
Prunus laurocerasus Cherry Laurel Flowering plant From eastern Europe and western Asia a now widely planted and often self-sown shrub in many woods in Britain. In some cases it makes up the whole of the lower canopy, effectively shading out any ground flora and preventing the natural regeneration of trees and shrubs. Widespread and increasing in Sussex. Grid Reference Recorder Date Locality
TQ32T Alan Knapp;K.A. Knapp 18/08/2006 N of Cockhaise Farm, East Sussex (VC14) TQ32Y Alan Knapp 14/06/2006 SE of Horsted Keynes, East Sussex (VC14) TQ32Z Arthur Hoare 2004 Horsted Keynes, Horsted Keynes CP TQ383267 Recorder @ SLR 15/08/2007 Land at Freshfield Lane Brickworks, Horsted Keynes CP
Cotoneaster horizontalis Wall Cotoneaster Flowering plant A small shrub from western China now widely naturalised in the British Isles and often highly invasive, especially on chalk slopes. Recorded from many places in East and West Sussex. Listed on schedule 9 of the Wildlife & Countryside Act 1981. Grid Reference Recorder Date Locality
TQ32Z Alan Knapp;K.A. Knapp 21/07/2009 Horsted Keynes churchyard
Ownership of this data remains with the original recorder whilst copyright of this material remains property of the Sussex Biodiversity Records Centre. Reproduction is strictly prohibited. Page 2 of 4 Rosa rugosa Japanese Rose Flowering plant A native of eastern Asia and now widespread as a garden escape in Britain, favouring waste ground and sandy areas. It can form extensive thickets and is increasing. Widely recorded in Sussex. Listed on Schedule 9 of the Wildlife & Countryside Act 1981. Grid Reference Recorder Date Locality
TQ371291 Anon @ Sussex Bot. Rec. Soc.;Alan 1999 Horsted Keynes, East Sussex (VC14) Knapp
Crassula helmsii New Zealand Pigmyweed Flowering plant An Australasian aquatic plant introduced to Britain in the 1920s. It started to spread rapidly in the late 1970s and is now widespread around ponds, lakes and reservoirs, though possibly declining. It has a very damaging effect on indigenous flora and fauna by smothering waterside habitat and is almost impossible to eradicate from a site once it is established. Grid Reference Recorder Date Locality
TQ32Z A. Symon 17/07/2011 Horsted Keynes, Horsted Keynes CP TQ39702865 Chris Drewery 15/08/2009 Danehill, Danehill, Not Named 2
Crocosmia pottsii x aurea = C. x Montbretia crocosmiiflora Flowering plant A well-known garden escape with orange flowers from South Africa. Widespread across Sussex. Listed on Schedule 9 of the Wildlife & Countryside Act 1981. Grid Reference Recorder Date Locality
TQ32T Ady Symon 27/03/2011 S.W of Horsted Keynes, East Sussex (VC14) TQ3729 Alan Knapp;K.A. Knapp 06/06/2009 Near Cinder Hill Farm, East Sussex (VC14)
Hyacinthoides non-scripta x hispanica = Hybrid bluebell H. x massartiana Flowering plant A hybrid between our native bluebell, H. non-scripta and Spanish Bluebell, H. hispanica. Widespread in Sussex. Grid Reference Recorder Date Locality
TQ32Z A. Symon 25/04/2011 Horsted Keynes, Horsted Keynes CP
Nymphoides peltata Fringed Water-lily Flowering plant A native species in the Fens and the Thames Valley where it has been of conservation concern, this species has escaped from cultivation in many places and is spreading rapidly to nuisance proportions. It can suppress other aquatic plants and their associates and cause deoxygenation, particularly in deeper water bodies. Grid Reference Recorder Date Locality
TQ384293 Anon @ Sussex Bot. Rec. Soc.;Alan 1994 Horsted Keynes, East Sussex (VC14) Knapp TQ385292 Arthur Hoare 06/06/2004 Horsted Keynes, Horsted Keynes CP
Ownership of this data remains with the original recorder whilst copyright of this material remains property of the Sussex Biodiversity Records Centre. Reproduction is strictly prohibited. Page 3 of 4 Petasites fragrans Winter Heliotrope Flowering plant A large-leaved, rampant perennial plant from the Far East spreading by means of underground stems by up to 1 metre per year. Very invasive, often forming large wayside colonies to the exclusion of all other species. Sweet scented mauve pink spikes of flower in winter. Grid Reference Recorder Date Locality
TQ32T Adriana Symon 20/03/2011 SW. of Horsted Keynes, East Sussex (VC14) TQ32U Arthur Hoare 2004 Horsted Keynes, Horsted Keynes CP TQ32Y Alan Knapp 16/03/2007 Plummerden Lane, East Sussex (VC14) TQ32Z Alan Knapp 04/02/2006 Horsted Keynes, Horsted Keynes CP
Centranthus ruber Red valerian Flowering plant In small quantities this Mediterranean plant is of value to butterflies, moths, bees and other fauna, but it can become invasive and spread across areas like vegetated shingle. It is best, if possible, to remove dead flower heads to prevent seed from spreading. It was first recorded in the wild in Britain in 1763 and is common across Sussex. Grid Reference Recorder Date Locality
TQ32Z Alan Knapp;K.A. Knapp 10/07/2008 Horsted Keynes area, East Sussex (VC14)
Neovison vison American Mink Terrestrial mammal A member of the weasel family introduced in the 1920s for the fur trade and now found in the wild in much of Britain. Mink take bird's eggs and chicks and have caused a serious decline in water voles. They also damage fisheries and poultry farms. Attempts to control them are usually ongoing. Grid Reference Recorder Date Locality
TQ369276 Mark Smith 24/09/2001 Cockhaise Brook, West Sussex (VC13) TQ377297 Unknown 2002 Cinder Hill, Horsted Keynes CP
Ownership of this data remains with the original recorder whilst copyright of this material remains property of the Sussex Biodiversity Records Centre. Reproduction is strictly prohibited. Page 4 of 4 Woods Mill, Henfield, West Sussex BN5 9SD [email protected] www.sxbrc.org.uk 01273 497521
FULL SPECIES LIST (Excluding Birds)
Land at Jefferys Farm, Horsted Keynes + 2km radius
26 May 2016 Search Area: TQ3626 to TQ3929 Prepared for Chris Jennings (The Ecology Partnership)
Latin Name Common Name Taxon Group First Date Last Date No. of Rec's Pisces Fish unassigned 15/08/2009 - 1 Clavulinopsis fusiformis Golden Spindles fungus 10/11/1999 - 1 Hygrocybe virginea var. virginea Snowy Waxcap fungus 10/11/1999 - 1 Hygrocybe virginea var. fuscescens fungus 10/11/1999 - 1 Hygrocybe russocoriacea Cedarwood Waxcap fungus 10/11/1999 - 1 Hygrocybe reidii Honey Waxcap fungus 10/11/1999 - 1 Hygrocybe psittacina var. psittacina Parrot Waxcap fungus 10/11/1999 - 2 Hygrocybe pratensis var. pratensis Meadow Waxcap fungus 10/11/1999 - 1 Hygrocybe insipida Spangle Waxcap fungus 31/12/1999 - 1 Hygrocybe chlorophana Golden Waxcap fungus 10/11/1999 - 2 Clavulinopsis helvola Yellow Club fungus 10/11/1999 - 2 Clavaria fragilis White Spindles fungus 10/11/1999 - 1 Hygrocybe ceracea Butter Waxcap fungus 10/11/1999 - 2 Flavoparmelia caperata lichen 26/03/1969 - 1 Ramalina farinacea lichen 26/03/1969 - 1 Lecanora conizaeoides lichen 30/09/1967 - 1 Parmelia sulcata Netted Shield Lichen lichen 26/03/1969 - 1 Parmelia saxatilis lichen 26/03/1969 - 1 Melanelixia glabratula lichen 26/03/1969 - 1 Hypogymnia physodes Dark Crottle lichen 30/09/1967 26/03/1969 2 Pyrrhospora quernea lichen 26/03/1969 - 1 Evernia prunastri Oak Moss lichen 30/09/1967 26/03/1969 2 Pertusaria pertusa lichen 30/09/1967 26/03/1969 2 Pertusaria amara lichen 30/09/1967 26/03/1969 2 Graphis elegans lichen 26/03/1969 - 1 Microlejeunea ulicina Fairy Beads liverwort 14/04/1983 11/09/2011 3 Pellia epiphylla Overleaf Pellia liverwort 11/09/2011 - 2 Riccia huebeneriana Violet Crystalwort liverwort 31/12/2002 - 1
Ownership of this data remains with the original recorder whilst copyright of this material remains property of the Sussex Biodiversity Records Centre. Page 1 of 19 Latin Name Common Name Taxon Group First Date Last Date No. of Rec's Lophocolea heterophylla Variable-leaved Crestwort liverwort 14/04/1983 - 1 Chiloscyphus polyanthos St Winifrid's Moss liverwort 11/09/2011 - 2 Cephalozia bicuspidata Two-horned Pincerwort liverwort 11/09/2011 - 2 Calypogeia fissa Common Pouchwort liverwort 11/09/2011 - 2 Lunularia cruciata Crescent-cup Liverwort liverwort 15/08/2007 - 2 Frullania dilatata Dilated Scalewort liverwort 14/04/1983 11/09/2011 3 Plagiomnium undulatum Hart's-tongue Thyme-moss moss 20/06/2007 11/09/2011 5 Orthotrichum diaphanum White-tipped Bristle-moss moss 11/09/2011 - 2 Syntrichia papillosa Marble Screw-moss moss 11/09/2011 - 2 Zygodon viridissimus var. viridissimus moss 14/04/1983 11/09/2011 3 Orthotrichum affine Wood Bristle-moss moss 14/04/1983 11/09/2011 3 Orthotrichum anomalum Anomalous Bristle-moss moss 11/09/2011 - 2 Orthotrichum lyellii Lyell's Bristle-moss moss 11/09/2011 - 2 Bryum capillare Capillary Thread-moss moss 11/09/2011 - 2 Tortula muralis Wall Screw-moss moss 11/09/2011 - 2 Mnium hornum Swan's-neck Thyme-moss moss 16/05/2007 11/09/2011 3 Dicranella staphylina Field Forklet-moss moss 11/09/2011 - 2 Amblystegium serpens Creeping Feather-moss moss 14/04/1983 11/09/2011 3 Leptodictyum riparium Kneiff's Feather-moss moss 11/09/2011 - 2 Pohlia melanodon Pink-fruited Thread-moss moss 14/04/1983 11/09/2011 3 Dicranella heteromalla Silky Forklet-moss moss 11/09/2011 - 2 Zygodon conoideus Lesser Yoke-moss moss 11/09/2011 - 2 Eurhynchium praelongum Common Feather-moss moss 01/06/2006 17/06/2015 11 Polytrichum formosum Bank Haircap moss 11/09/2011 - 2 Grimmia pulvinata Grey-cushioned Grimmia moss 11/09/2011 - 2 Fissidens taxifolius var. taxifolius moss 11/09/2011 - 2 Oxystegus sinuosus Wavy Beard-moss moss 11/09/2011 - 2 Dicranoweisia cirrata Common Pincushion moss 14/04/1983 - 1 Didymodon vinealis Soft-tufted Beard-moss moss 11/09/2011 - 2 Dicranella schreberiana Schreber's Forklet-moss moss 11/09/2011 - 2 Dicranum scoparium Broom Fork-moss moss 14/04/1983 - 1 Atrichum undulatum Common Smoothcap moss 16/05/2007 11/09/2011 3 Barbula unguiculata Bird's-claw Beard-moss moss 11/09/2011 - 2 Didymodon luridus Dusky Beard-moss moss 11/09/2011 - 2 Didymodon rigidulus Rigid Beard-moss moss 11/09/2011 - 2 Pseudephemerum nitidum Delicate Earth-moss moss 11/09/2011 - 2 Rhynchostegium confertum Clustered Feather-moss moss 11/09/2011 - 2 Oxyrrhynchium hians Swartz's Feather-moss moss 11/09/2011 - 2 Brachythecium rivulare River Feather-moss moss 17/06/2015 - 2 Brachythecium rutabulum Rough-stalked Feather-moss moss 01/06/2006 17/06/2015 42 Scleropodium purum Neat Feather-moss moss 25/06/2014 03/06/2015 4 Homalothecium sericeum Silky Wall Feather-moss moss 11/09/2011 - 2 Calliergonella cuspidata Pointed Spear-moss moss 20/06/2007 17/06/2015 17 Hypnum moss 03/06/2015 - 1
Ownership of this data remains with the original recorder whilst copyright of this material remains property of the Sussex Biodiversity Records Centre. Page 2 of 19 Latin Name Common Name Taxon Group First Date Last Date No. of Rec's Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus Springy Turf-moss moss 20/06/2007 03/06/2015 16 Plagiothecium nemorale Woodsy Silk-moss moss 11/09/2011 - 2 Tortula truncata Common Pottia moss 21/06/2007 11/09/2011 3 Equisetum telmateia Great Horsetail horsetail 01/07/1983 17/06/2015 11 Equisetum sylvaticum Wood Horsetail horsetail 30/06/2008 - 1 Equisetum palustre Marsh Horsetail horsetail 01/07/1983 17/06/2015 14 Equisetum fluviatile Water Horsetail horsetail 14/06/2006 17/06/2015 16 Equisetum arvense Field Horsetail horsetail 31/12/2004 15/06/2011 13 Blechnum spicant Hard-fern fern 04/02/2006 10/07/2008 2 Polypodium vulgare Polypody fern 04/02/2006 - 2 Dryopteris filix-mas Male-fern fern 31/12/2004 11/09/2008 6 Dryopteris dilatata Broad Buckler-fern fern 04/02/2006 02/08/2011 4 Dryopteris carthusiana Narrow Buckler-fern fern 25/04/2011 11/09/2011 3 Dryopteris affinis Scaly Male-fern fern 30/07/2006 11/09/2011 3 Polystichum aculeatum Hard Shield-fern fern 31/12/1999 - 1 Polypodium vulgare Polypody fern 14/08/2011 - 1 Asplenium ruta-muraria Wall-rue fern 31/12/2004 07/09/2008 2 Asplenium adiantum-nigrum Black Spleenwort fern 26/12/2007 20/03/2011 2 Phyllitis scolopendrium Hart's-tongue fern 04/02/2006 02/08/2011 5 Pteridium aquilinum Bracken fern 31/12/2004 25/06/2014 10 Osmunda regalis Royal Fern fern 31/12/1994 25/04/2011 3 Ophioglossum vulgatum Adder's Tongue fern 01/06/2006 - 1 Athyrium filix-femina Lady-fern fern 10/07/2008 11/09/2011 3 Ophioglossum vulgatum Adder's-tongue fern 17/06/2015 - 1 Tsuga heterophylla Western Hemlock-spruce conifer 18/08/2006 - 1 Taxus baccata Yew conifer 01/01/1996 15/08/2007 5 Pinus sylvestris Scots Pine conifer 30/04/2006 07/09/2008 3 Picea sitchensis Sitka Spruce conifer 25/03/2008 - 1 Carex remota Remote Sedge flowering plant 22/04/1991 02/08/2011 9 Alopecurus pratensis Meadow Foxtail flowering plant 01/07/1983 17/06/2015 74 Alopecurus myosuroides Black-grass flowering plant 27/07/1999 02/08/2011 4 Milium effusum Wood Millet flowering plant 04/02/2006 - 1 Sasa palmata Broad-leaved Bamboo flowering plant 30/04/2006 - 1 Carex vesicaria Bladder-sedge flowering plant 31/12/1995 - 1 Alopecurus geniculatus Marsh Foxtail flowering plant 30/07/2006 17/06/2015 13 Carex sylvatica Wood-sedge flowering plant 31/12/2004 26/12/2007 5 Agrostis vinealis Brown Bent flowering plant 31/12/1995 25/06/2014 10 Phleum flowering plant 15/06/2011 - 1 Carex otrubae x remota = C. x pseudoaxillaris Sedge flowering plant 31/12/1979 - 1 Poa nemoralis Wood Meadow-grass flowering plant 01/06/2006 14/06/2006 2 Carex laevigata Smooth-stalked Sedge flowering plant 02/08/2011 25/06/2014 3 Agrostis stolonifera Creeping Bent flowering plant 28/06/1988 17/06/2015 54 Carex muricata subsp. muricata Large-fruited Prickly-sedge flowering plant 25/06/2014 - 1 Carex muricata subsp. pairae Small-fruited Prickly-sedge flowering plant 31/12/1979 - 1
Ownership of this data remains with the original recorder whilst copyright of this material remains property of the Sussex Biodiversity Records Centre. Page 3 of 19 Latin Name Common Name Taxon Group First Date Last Date No. of Rec's Carex spicata Spiked Sedge flowering plant 31/12/1999 02/08/2011 2 Carex otrubae False Fox-sedge flowering plant 01/07/1983 17/06/2015 7 Carex strigosa Thin-spiked Wood-sedge flowering plant 02/08/2011 - 1 Carex panicea Carnation Sedge flowering plant 01/07/1983 - 1 Carex paniculata Greater Tussock-sedge flowering plant 14/07/2007 - 1 Carex pendula Pendulous Sedge flowering plant 22/04/1991 15/02/2010 17 Carex pilulifera Pill Sedge flowering plant 25/06/2014 - 1 Carex riparia Greater Pond-sedge flowering plant 22/04/1991 - 1 Carex leporina Oval Sedge flowering plant 01/06/2006 17/06/2015 25 Carex nigra Common Sedge flowering plant 28/06/1988 21/06/2007 8 Dactylis glomerata Cock's-foot flowering plant 01/07/1983 17/06/2015 39 Sedum telephium Orpine flowering plant 14/08/2011 - 1 Lolium multiflorum Italian Rye-grass flowering plant 07/09/2008 - 1 Lolium perenne Perennial Rye-grass flowering plant 01/07/1983 17/06/2015 53 Festuca rubra agg. Red Fescue flowering plant 01/07/1983 14/08/2011 8 Festuca arundinacea Tall Fescue flowering plant 31/12/2004 06/06/2009 3 Festuca gigantea Giant Fescue flowering plant 10/07/2008 11/09/2011 4 Festuca pratensis Meadow Fescue flowering plant 01/07/1983 17/06/2015 23 Festuca pratensis x Lolium perenne = X Festu Hybrid Fescue flowering plant 02/08/2011 - 1 Festuca rubra Red Fescue flowering plant 27/04/2004 17/06/2015 41 Vulpia bromoides Squirreltail Fescue flowering plant 14/06/2006 - 1 Cynosurus cristatus Crested Dog's-tail flowering plant 01/07/1983 17/06/2015 42 Briza media Quaking-grass flowering plant 21/07/2009 - 1 Poa pratensis Smooth Meadow-Grass flowering plant 28/06/1988 31/12/2004 2 Poa trivialis Rough Meadow-grass flowering plant 01/07/1983 17/06/2015 87 Deschampsia flexuosa Wavy Hair-grass flowering plant 30/07/2006 15/08/2007 2 Agrostis capillaris Common Bent flowering plant 30/07/2006 17/06/2015 55 Agrostis canina Velvet Bent flowering plant 31/12/1995 25/06/2014 32 Agrostis Bent Grass flowering plant 01/07/1983 17/06/2015 28 Phalaris arundinacea Reed Canary-grass flowering plant 31/12/2004 02/08/2011 3 Anthoxanthum odoratum Sweet Vernal-grass flowering plant 01/07/1983 17/06/2015 103 Poa annua Annual Meadow-grass flowering plant 27/07/1999 18/08/2006 5 Holcus lanatus Yorkshire-fog flowering plant 01/07/1983 17/06/2015 136 Poa pratensis Smooth Meadow-grass flowering plant 31/12/2004 25/04/2011 3 Deschampsia cespitosa subsp. cespitosa Tufted Hair-grass flowering plant 27/04/2004 - 1 Deschampsia cespitosa Tufted Hair-Grass flowering plant 04/02/2006 15/06/2011 8 Avena sativa Oat flowering plant 21/07/2009 14/08/2011 3 Avena fatua Wild-oat flowering plant 18/08/2006 14/08/2011 2 Arrhenatherum elatius False Oat-grass flowering plant 28/06/1988 15/06/2011 11 Agrostis gigantea Black Bent flowering plant 10/07/2008 14/08/2011 3 Holcus mollis Creeping Soft-grass flowering plant 01/06/2006 - 1 Lepidium didymum Lesser Swine-cress flowering plant 18/08/2006 14/08/2011 4 Capsella bursa-pastoris Shepherd's-purse flowering plant 30/04/2006 21/07/2009 4 Nymphaea alba White Water-lily flowering plant 31/12/2004 - 1
Ownership of this data remains with the original recorder whilst copyright of this material remains property of the Sussex Biodiversity Records Centre. Page 4 of 19 Latin Name Common Name Taxon Group First Date Last Date No. of Rec's Thlaspi arvense Field Penny-cress flowering plant 11/09/2011 - 1 Alliaria petiolata Garlic Mustard flowering plant 22/04/1991 18/08/2006 6 Sisymbrium officinale Hedge Mustard flowering plant 11/09/2008 14/08/2011 4 Raphanus raphanistrum subsp. raphanistrum Wild Radish flowering plant 14/06/2006 18/08/2006 2 Lilium pyrenaicum Pyrenean Lily flowering plant 31/12/2000 - 1 Lunaria annua Honesty flowering plant 04/02/2006 02/08/2011 2 Epipactis purpurata Violet Helleborine flowering plant 31/12/1994 - 1 Lepidium coronopus Swine-cress flowering plant 02/08/2011 11/09/2011 3 Cardamine pratensis Cuckooflower flowering plant 22/04/1991 17/06/2015 59 Cardamine hirsuta Hairy Bitter-cress flowering plant 17/04/2006 20/03/2011 3 Cardamine flexuosa Wavy Bitter-cress flowering plant 31/12/2004 15/06/2011 10 Armoracia rusticana Horse-radish flowering plant 17/07/2011 - 1 Crassula helmsii New Zealand Pigmyweed flowering plant 15/08/2009 17/07/2011 2 Sinapis arvensis Charlock flowering plant 14/06/2006 17/07/2011 4 Iris pseudacorus Yellow Iris flowering plant 22/04/1991 18/10/2009 5 Narcissus daffodils flowering plant 17/04/2006 25/03/2008 3 Galanthus nivalis Snowdrop flowering plant 20/02/2003 15/02/2010 7 Galanthus ikariae Snowdrop flowering plant 20/02/2003 - 1 Leucojum aestivum subsp. pulchellum Summer Snowflake flowering plant 31/12/1999 25/03/2008 2 Leucojum aestivum Summer Snowflake flowering plant 25/03/2008 - 1 Allium ursinum Ramsons flowering plant 17/04/2006 20/03/2011 4 Dioscorea communis Black Bryony flowering plant 27/07/1999 21/07/2009 8 Crocus tommasinianus Early Crocus flowering plant 20/02/2003 - 1 Arabidopsis thaliana Thale Cress flowering plant 30/04/2006 20/03/2011 2 Orchis mascula Early-purple Orchid flowering plant 26/04/2004 20/03/2011 4 Dactylorhiza praetermissa Southern Marsh-orchid flowering plant 01/07/1983 17/06/2015 3 Dactylorhiza maculata subsp. ericetorum Heath Spotted-Orchid flowering plant 21/06/2007 - 1 Dactylorhiza maculata Heath Spotted-orchid flowering plant 21/07/2007 - 1 Dactylorhiza fuchsii x praetermissa = D. x gra Marsh-Orchid flowering plant 01/07/1983 - 1 Dactylorhiza fuchsii Common Spotted-orchid flowering plant 01/07/1983 17/06/2015 25 Crocosmia pottsii x aurea = C. x crocosmiiflor Montbretia flowering plant 06/06/2009 27/03/2011 4 Melica uniflora Wood Melick flowering plant 31/12/2004 14/06/2006 4 Barbarea vulgaris Winter-cress flowering plant 14/06/2006 - 1 Bromus secalinus Rye Brome flowering plant 10/07/2008 07/09/2008 2 Bromus racemosus Smooth Brome flowering plant 02/08/2011 - 1 Bromus hordeaceus subsp. hordeaceus Common Soft-brome flowering plant 14/06/2006 15/06/2011 7 Bromus hordeaceus Lesser Soft-Brome flowering plant 01/06/2006 14/05/2008 4 Bromus diandrus Great Brome flowering plant 02/08/2011 - 1 Bromopsis ramosa Hairy-brome flowering plant 30/07/2006 26/12/2007 3 Bromus arvensis Field Brome flowering plant 17/06/2015 - 1 Brachypodium sylvaticum False-brome flowering plant 22/04/1991 26/12/2007 7 Glyceria notata Plicate Sweet-grass flowering plant 01/07/1983 25/06/2014 2 Glyceria maxima Reed Sweet-grass flowering plant 22/04/1991 - 1 Glyceria fluitans Floating Sweet-grass flowering plant 30/07/2006 17/06/2015 33
Ownership of this data remains with the original recorder whilst copyright of this material remains property of the Sussex Biodiversity Records Centre. Page 5 of 19 Latin Name Common Name Taxon Group First Date Last Date No. of Rec's Glyceria declinata Small Sweet-grass flowering plant 28/06/1988 - 1 Glyceria Sweet-Grass flowering plant 22/04/1991 - 1 Phleum pratense Timothy flowering plant 17/01/1992 17/06/2015 36 Bromus commutatus Meadow Brome flowering plant 17/06/2015 - 6 Ribes nigrum Black Currant flowering plant 17/07/2011 - 1 Juncus conglomeratus Compact Rush flowering plant 28/06/1988 17/06/2015 16 Sedum album White Stonecrop flowering plant 21/07/2009 - 1 Carex hirta Hairy Sedge flowering plant 13/06/2007 17/06/2015 36 Chrysosplenium oppositifolium Opposite-leaved Golden-saxifrage flowering plant 04/02/2006 02/08/2011 5 Chrysosplenium alternifolium Alternate-leaved Golden-saxifrage flowering plant 15/08/2007 - 1 Ribes uva-crispa Gooseberry flowering plant 20/03/2011 25/04/2011 2 Bromus sterilis Barren Brome flowering plant 31/12/2004 17/07/2011 4 Ribes rubrum Red Currant flowering plant 30/04/2006 20/03/2011 4 Phleum bertolonii Smaller Cat's-tail flowering plant 01/07/1983 14/08/2011 6 Echinochloa crus-galli Cockspur flowering plant 18/08/2006 - 1 Phragmites australis Common Reed flowering plant 20/07/2010 - 1 Molinia caerulea Purple Moor-grass flowering plant 21/06/2007 14/08/2011 3 Hordeum secalinum Meadow Barley flowering plant 01/07/1983 17/06/2015 5 Elytrigia repens Common Couch flowering plant 28/06/1988 07/09/2008 11 Elymus caninus Bearded Couch flowering plant 15/08/2007 - 1 Ribes sanguineum Flowering Currant flowering plant 15/08/2007 - 1 Rhododendron ponticum Rhododendron flowering plant 22/04/1991 15/08/2007 6 Montia fontana Blinks flowering plant 20/03/2011 - 1 Veronica arvensis Wall Speedwell flowering plant 21/07/2009 02/08/2011 3 Veronica agrestis Green Field-speedwell flowering plant 17/07/2011 14/08/2011 2 Digitalis purpurea Foxglove flowering plant 22/04/1991 26/12/2007 6 Plantago major subsp. major Greater Plantain flowering plant 30/07/2006 - 1 Plantago major Greater Plantain flowering plant 28/06/1988 15/08/2007 10 Plantago lanceolata Ribwort Plantain flowering plant 01/07/1983 03/06/2015 16 Ligustrum vulgare Wild Privet flowering plant 30/07/2006 11/09/2008 3 Fraxinus excelsior Ash flowering plant 22/04/1991 17/06/2015 11 Veronica chamaedrys Germander Speedwell flowering plant 28/06/1988 17/06/2015 23 Calluna vulgaris Heather flowering plant 14/08/2011 - 1 Veronica filiformis Slender Speedwell flowering plant 30/04/2006 11/09/2011 4 Anagallis arvensis subsp. arvensis Scarlet Pimpernel flowering plant 31/12/2004 - 1 Anagallis arvensis Scarlet Pimpernel flowering plant 15/08/2007 17/07/2011 4 Lysimachia punctata Dotted Loosestrife flowering plant 30/07/2006 - 1 Lysimachia nummularia Creeping-Jenny flowering plant 01/07/1983 20/03/2011 5 Lysimachia nemorum Yellow Pimpernel flowering plant 22/04/1991 11/09/2011 5 Primula vulgaris Primrose flowering plant 17/01/1992 07/09/2008 9 Primula veris x vulgaris = P. x polyantha False Oxlip flowering plant 20/03/2011 - 1 Primula veris Cowslip flowering plant 22/04/1991 16/05/2007 2 Impatiens noli-tangere Touch-me-not Balsam flowering plant 02/08/2011 - 1 Juncus foliosus Leafy Rush flowering plant 15/06/2011 - 1
Ownership of this data remains with the original recorder whilst copyright of this material remains property of the Sussex Biodiversity Records Centre. Page 6 of 19 Latin Name Common Name Taxon Group First Date Last Date No. of Rec's Erica vagans Cornish Heath flowering plant 10/07/2008 - 1 Kickxia elatine Sharp-leaved Fluellen flowering plant 07/09/2008 02/08/2011 4 Stachys officinalis Betony flowering plant 31/12/2004 25/04/2011 7 Buddleja davidii Butterfly-bush flowering plant 31/12/2004 07/09/2008 4 Scrophularia nodosa Common Figwort flowering plant 22/04/1991 15/06/2011 10 Scrophularia auriculata Water Figwort flowering plant 01/07/1983 14/08/2011 16 Verbascum thapsus Great Mullein flowering plant 18/08/2006 - 1 Verbascum nigrum Dark Mullein flowering plant 31/12/2004 - 1 Callitriche stagnalis Common Water-starwort flowering plant 14/06/2006 15/08/2009 2 Callitriche hamulata Intermediate Water-Starwort flowering plant 15/08/2009 - 1 Callitriche Water-starwort flowering plant 22/04/1991 17/07/2011 7 Veronica beccabunga Brooklime flowering plant 22/04/1991 11/09/2011 8 Linaria purpurea Purple Toadflax flowering plant 21/07/2009 11/09/2011 3 Amaranthus hybridus Green Amaranth flowering plant 07/09/2008 - 1 Cymbalaria muralis Ivy-leaved Toadflax flowering plant 31/12/2004 11/09/2011 2 Veronica serpyllifolia Thyme-leaved Speedwell flowering plant 31/12/2004 17/06/2015 11 Veronica scutellata Marsh Speedwell flowering plant 20/06/2007 17/06/2015 8 Veronica polita Grey Field-speedwell flowering plant 20/03/2011 17/07/2011 2 Veronica persica Common Field-speedwell flowering plant 14/10/2005 13/02/2008 4 Veronica officinalis Heath Speedwell flowering plant 31/12/2004 11/09/2011 3 Veronica montana Wood Speedwell flowering plant 31/12/2004 11/09/2011 5 Veronica hederifolia subsp. lucorum Ivy-Leaved Speedwell flowering plant 17/04/2006 25/04/2011 3 Veronica hederifolia subsp. hederifolia Ivy-Leaved Speedwell flowering plant 30/04/2006 - 1 Veronica hederifolia Ivy-leaved Speedwell flowering plant 17/04/2006 20/03/2011 3 Linaria vulgaris Common Toadflax flowering plant 31/12/2004 - 1 Persicaria lapathifolia Pale Persicaria flowering plant 18/08/2006 - 1 Impatiens glandulifera Indian Balsam flowering plant 18/08/2006 - 1 Rumex conglomeratus Clustered Dock flowering plant 01/07/1983 25/06/2014 12 Rumex acetosella Sheep's Sorrel flowering plant 31/12/2004 11/09/2011 3 Rumex acetosa subsp. acetosa Common Sorrel flowering plant 27/04/2004 - 1 Rumex acetosa Common Sorrel flowering plant 01/07/1983 17/06/2015 93 Rumex Dock flowering plant 27/04/2004 - 1 Fallopia japonica Japanese Knotweed flowering plant 18/08/2006 21/07/2009 2 Fallopia convolvulus Black-bindweed flowering plant 26/06/2008 - 1 Polygonum aviculare Knotgrass flowering plant 30/07/2006 30/12/2008 4 Rumex obtusifolius Broad-leaved Dock flowering plant 28/06/1988 17/06/2015 45 Persicaria maculosa Redshank flowering plant 14/10/2005 10/07/2008 4 Rumex sanguineus Wood Dock flowering plant 28/06/1988 26/06/2008 6 Persicaria hydropiper Water-pepper flowering plant 14/06/2006 15/06/2011 13 Potamogeton natans Broad-leaved Pondweed flowering plant 12/03/2007 14/08/2011 2 Potamogeton Pondweed flowering plant 22/04/1991 - 1 Elodea canadensis Canadian Waterweed flowering plant 22/04/1991 20/07/2010 2 Alisma plantago-aquatica Water-plantain flowering plant 22/04/1991 14/08/2011 7 Lemna minuta Least Duckweed flowering plant 17/07/2011 02/08/2011 2
Ownership of this data remains with the original recorder whilst copyright of this material remains property of the Sussex Biodiversity Records Centre. Page 7 of 19 Latin Name Common Name Taxon Group First Date Last Date No. of Rec's Lemna minor Common Duckweed flowering plant 15/08/2009 - 1 Lemna flowering plant 20/07/2010 - 1 Arum maculatum Lords-and-Ladies flowering plant 22/04/1991 15/08/2007 7 Arum italicum subsp. italicum Arum flowering plant 20/03/2011 - 1 Polygonum arenastrum Equal-leaved Knotgrass flowering plant 18/08/2006 21/07/2009 2 Sagina apetala subsp. erecta Fringed Pearlwort flowering plant 27/07/1999 - 1 Atriplex prostrata Spear-leaved Orache flowering plant 27/07/1999 17/07/2011 5 Atriplex patula Common Orache flowering plant 27/07/1999 17/07/2011 6 Chenopodium rubrum Red Goosefoot flowering plant 18/08/2006 02/08/2011 3 Chenopodium polyspermum Many-seeded Goosefoot flowering plant 18/08/2006 14/08/2011 4 Chenopodium ficifolium Fig-leaved Goosefoot flowering plant 18/08/2006 - 1 Chenopodium album Fat-hen flowering plant 18/08/2006 17/07/2011 3 Silene flos-cuculi Ragged-Robin flowering plant 01/07/1983 17/06/2015 34 Silene dioica Red Campion flowering plant 31/12/2004 20/03/2011 4 Spergularia marina Lesser Sea-spurrey flowering plant 11/09/2011 - 1 Rumex crispus Curled Dock flowering plant 28/06/1988 14/05/2008 17 Sagina procumbens Procumbent Pearlwort flowering plant 31/12/2004 11/09/2011 4 Ballota nigra Black Horehound flowering plant 21/07/2009 - 1 Sagina apetala subsp. apetala Annual Pearlwort flowering plant 17/07/2011 02/08/2011 2 Myosoton aquaticum Water Chickweed flowering plant 11/09/2011 - 1 Cerastium glomeratum Sticky Mouse-ear flowering plant 31/12/2004 26/06/2008 4 Cerastium fontanum Common Mouse-ear flowering plant 01/07/1983 17/06/2015 91 Stellaria media Common Chickweed flowering plant 04/02/2006 21/07/2009 4 Stellaria holostea Greater Stitchwort flowering plant 22/04/1991 30/07/2006 5 Stellaria graminea Lesser Stitchwort flowering plant 01/07/1983 17/06/2015 69 Stellaria alsine Bog Stitchwort flowering plant 01/06/2006 17/06/2015 19 Moehringia trinervia Three-nerved Sandwort flowering plant 31/12/2004 11/09/2011 4 Arenaria serpyllifolia subsp. serpyllifolia Thyme-leaved Sandwort flowering plant 31/12/2004 - 1 Spergula arvensis Corn Spurrey flowering plant 14/08/2011 - 1 Aphanes arvensis Parsley-piert flowering plant 14/06/2006 02/08/2011 3 Stachys palustris Marsh Woundwort flowering plant 28/06/1988 21/07/2009 6 Urtica dioica Common Nettle flowering plant 28/06/1988 17/06/2015 38 Humulus lupulus Hop flowering plant 27/07/1999 11/09/2011 3 Ulmus procera English Elm flowering plant 27/07/1999 - 1 Ulmus Elm flowering plant 14/08/2011 - 1 Rosa tomentosa Harsh Downy-rose flowering plant 06/06/2004 26/06/2008 2 Rosa rugosa Japanese Rose flowering plant 31/12/1999 - 1 Rosa canina Dog-rose flowering plant 14/06/2006 17/07/2011 4 Rosa arvensis Field-rose flowering plant 31/12/2004 25/04/2011 4 Sparganium erectum Branched Bur-reed flowering plant 22/04/1991 25/06/2014 12 Rosa Rose flowering plant 28/06/1988 31/12/2004 3 Typha latifolia Bulrush flowering plant 28/06/1988 14/08/2011 9 Aphanes arvensis agg. Parsley Piert flowering plant 14/06/2006 25/03/2008 2 Alchemilla mollis Garden Lady's-mantle flowering plant 15/06/2004 10/07/2008 2
Ownership of this data remains with the original recorder whilst copyright of this material remains property of the Sussex Biodiversity Records Centre. Page 8 of 19 Latin Name Common Name Taxon Group First Date Last Date No. of Rec's Agrimonia procera Fragrant Agrimony flowering plant 02/08/2011 11/09/2011 2 Agrimonia eupatoria Agrimony flowering plant 28/06/1988 03/06/2015 9 Geum urbanum Wood Avens flowering plant 27/07/1999 16/05/2007 9 Fragaria vesca Wild Strawberry flowering plant 31/12/2004 26/12/2007 4 Rubus armeniacus Bramble flowering plant 31/12/1993 - 1 Rubus idaeus Raspberry flowering plant 31/12/2004 11/09/2011 4 Rubus caesius Dewberry flowering plant 31/12/2004 - 1 Rubus fruticosus agg. Bramble flowering plant 28/06/1988 11/11/2009 22 Rosa canina agg. Dog Rose flowering plant 31/12/2004 18/08/2006 4 Luzula campestris Field Wood-rush flowering plant 27/04/2004 17/06/2015 20 Carex elongata Elongated Sedge flowering plant 31/12/1985 31/12/1995 2 Carex divulsa subsp. divulsa Grey Sedge flowering plant 31/12/2004 14/06/2006 3 Carex divulsa Grey Sedge flowering plant 31/12/2004 - 1 Carex canescens White Sedge flowering plant 31/12/1995 - 1 Isolepis setacea Bristle Club-rush flowering plant 25/06/2014 - 1 Eleocharis palustris Common Spike-rush flowering plant 01/07/1983 - 1 Scirpus sylvaticus Wood Club-rush flowering plant 01/07/1983 15/06/2011 13 Luzula sylvatica Great Wood-rush flowering plant 02/08/2011 - 1 Luzula pilosa Hairy Wood-rush flowering plant 31/12/2004 14/08/2011 2 Soleirolia soleirolii Mind-your-own-business flowering plant 26/12/2007 - 1 Luzula luzuloides White Wood-rush flowering plant 31/12/1958 - 1 Crataegus monogyna Hawthorn flowering plant 28/06/1988 30/07/2006 7 Juncus tenuis Slender Rush flowering plant 18/10/2009 17/07/2011 2 Juncus inflexus Hard Rush flowering plant 01/07/1983 17/06/2015 29 Narcissus poeticus Pheasant's-eye Daffodil flowering plant 25/04/2011 - 1 Juncus effusus Soft-rush flowering plant 28/06/1988 17/06/2015 71 Nigella damascena Love-in-a-mist flowering plant 10/07/2008 21/07/2009 2 Juncus bufonius Toad Rush flowering plant 17/06/2015 - 1 Juncus articulatus Jointed Rush flowering plant 28/06/1988 17/06/2015 17 Juncus acutiflorus Sharp-flowered Rush flowering plant 01/07/1983 25/06/2014 52 Juncus bufonius agg. Toad Rush agg. flowering plant 28/06/1988 02/08/2011 5 Juncus Rush flowering plant 21/05/2015 17/06/2015 7 Luzula multiflora Heath Wood-rush flowering plant 16/05/2007 21/05/2015 5 Ajuga reptans Bugle flowering plant 01/07/1983 03/06/2015 21 Melampyrum pratense Common Cow-wheat flowering plant 15/02/2010 - 1 Mentha arvensis Corn Mint flowering plant 27/07/1999 18/08/2006 2 Mentha aquatica x spicata = M. x piperita Peppermint flowering plant 07/09/2008 - 1 Mentha aquatica Water Mint flowering plant 01/07/1983 17/06/2015 40 Lycopus europaeus Gypsywort flowering plant 31/12/2004 17/06/2015 18 Thymus polytrichus flowering plant 14/08/2011 - 1 Origanum vulgare Wild Marjoram flowering plant 25/04/2011 11/09/2011 2 Clinopodium vulgare Wild Basil flowering plant 14/10/2005 14/08/2011 2 Melissa officinalis Balm flowering plant 21/07/2009 - 2 Filipendula ulmaria Meadowsweet flowering plant 01/07/1983 17/06/2015 40
Ownership of this data remains with the original recorder whilst copyright of this material remains property of the Sussex Biodiversity Records Centre. Page 9 of 19 Latin Name Common Name Taxon Group First Date Last Date No. of Rec's Glechoma hederacea Ground-ivy flowering plant 17/01/1992 17/06/2015 23 Odontites vernus Red Bartsia flowering plant 17/01/1992 27/07/1999 2 Teucrium scorodonia Wood Sage flowering plant 22/04/1991 11/11/2009 6 Scutellaria galericulata x minor = S. x hybrida Hybrid Skullcap flowering plant 02/08/2011 - 1 Galeopsis tetrahit Common Hemp-nettle flowering plant 01/06/2006 02/08/2011 12 Galeopsis bifida Bifid Hemp-nettle flowering plant 02/08/2011 - 1 Galeopsis tetrahit agg. Common Hemp-Nettle agg. flowering plant 28/06/1988 18/08/2006 2 Lamium purpureum Red Dead-nettle flowering plant 31/12/2004 14/06/2006 4 Lamium galeobdolon subsp. montanum Yellow Archangel flowering plant 30/04/2006 21/07/2009 6 Lamium galeobdolon subsp. argentatum Yellow Archangel flowering plant 26/12/2007 20/03/2011 4 Lamium galeobdolon Yellow Archangel flowering plant 22/04/1991 16/05/2007 2 Carex flacca Glaucous Sedge flowering plant 01/07/1983 17/06/2015 12 Prunella vulgaris Selfheal flowering plant 01/07/1983 03/06/2015 32 Prunus domestica Wild Plum flowering plant 25/03/2008 - 1 Stachys sylvatica Hedge Woundwort flowering plant 27/07/1999 21/07/2007 10 Crataegus laevigata Midland Hawthorn flowering plant 11/09/2011 - 2 Cotoneaster horizontalis Wall Cotoneaster flowering plant 21/07/2009 - 1 Sorbus aucuparia Rowan flowering plant 22/04/1991 25/04/2011 3 Sorbus aria Common Whitebeam flowering plant 27/04/2004 10/07/2008 2 Sorbus aria agg. Whitebeam flowering plant 15/08/2007 - 1 Malus sylvestris Crab Apple flowering plant 15/08/2007 - 1 Malus pumila Apple flowering plant 11/09/2011 - 1 Pyrus communis Pear flowering plant 04/04/2009 - 1 Prunus spinosa Blackthorn flowering plant 27/04/2004 15/08/2007 7 Euphrasia nemorosa Eyebright flowering plant 17/07/2011 - 1 Prunus laurocerasus Cherry Laurel flowering plant 31/12/2004 15/08/2007 4 Euphrasia officinalis subsp. anglica Small-flowered Sticky Eyebright flowering plant 17/07/2011 - 1 Prunus avium Wild Cherry flowering plant 27/07/1999 07/09/2008 6 Potentilla sterilis Barren Strawberry flowering plant 22/04/1991 16/05/2007 9 Potentilla reptans Creeping Cinquefoil flowering plant 01/07/1983 17/06/2015 26 Potentilla erecta x anglica = P. x suberecta Cinquefoil flowering plant 31/12/1995 - 1 Potentilla erecta Tormentil flowering plant 14/06/2006 03/06/2015 15 Potentilla anserina Silverweed flowering plant 27/07/1999 15/06/2011 9 Potentilla anglica x reptans = P. x mixta Hybrid Cinquefoil flowering plant 31/12/1995 25/06/2014 3 Verbena officinalis Vervain flowering plant 10/07/2008 - 1 Rhinanthus minor Yellow-rattle flowering plant 01/07/1983 28/06/1988 2 Crataegus monogyna x laevigata = C. x media flowering plant 14/10/2005 - 1 Prunus padus Bird Cherry flowering plant 23/05/2010 - 1 Sonchus asper Prickly Sow-thistle flowering plant 27/07/1999 25/06/2014 7 Aesculus hippocastanum Horse-chestnut flowering plant 31/12/2004 14/08/2011 3 Arctium nemorosum Wood Burdock flowering plant 27/07/1999 26/06/2008 5 Cirsium arvense Creeping thistle flowering plant 01/07/1983 17/06/2015 121 Cirsium palustre Marsh Thistle flowering plant 01/07/1983 17/06/2015 65 Cirsium vulgare Spear thistle flowering plant 28/06/1988 18/08/2006 9
Ownership of this data remains with the original recorder whilst copyright of this material remains property of the Sussex Biodiversity Records Centre. Page 10 of 19 Latin Name Common Name Taxon Group First Date Last Date No. of Rec's Centaurea montana Perennial Cornflower flowering plant 06/06/2009 - 1 Centaurea nigra Common Knapweed flowering plant 01/07/1983 03/06/2015 45 Cichorium intybus Chicory flowering plant 14/08/2011 11/09/2011 2 Lapsana communis Nipplewort flowering plant 31/12/2004 30/07/2006 4 Hypochaeris radicata Cat's-ear flowering plant 28/06/1988 03/06/2015 10 Leontodon hispidus Rough Hawkbit flowering plant 31/12/2004 21/07/2009 3 Leontodon saxatilis Lesser Hawkbit flowering plant 10/07/2008 11/09/2011 4 Picris echioides Bristly Oxtongue flowering plant 31/12/2004 07/09/2008 2 Arctium lappa Greater Burdock flowering plant 15/08/2007 25/04/2011 3 Taraxacum officinale agg. Dandelion flowering plant 28/06/1988 17/06/2015 54 Gnaphalium uliginosum Marsh Cudweed flowering plant 30/07/2006 17/07/2011 4 Hieracium sabaudum Sharp-toothed Hawkweed flowering plant 31/12/1995 11/09/2008 2 Hieracium aggregatum Hawkweed flowering plant 07/09/2008 11/09/2008 2 Pilosella officinarum Mouse-ear-hawkweed flowering plant 31/12/2004 25/06/2014 5 Pilosella aurantiaca Fox-and-cubs flowering plant 17/07/2011 14/08/2011 2 Tragopogon pratensis Goat's-beard flowering plant 03/06/2015 - 3 Crepis capillaris Smooth Hawk's-beard flowering plant 28/06/1988 11/09/2008 7 Sonchus arvensis Perennial Sow-thistle flowering plant 27/07/1999 21/07/2009 5 Taraxacum agg. flowering plant 04/02/2006 21/06/2007 4 Taraxacum Dandelion Agg. flowering plant 31/12/2004 - 2 Mycelis muralis Wall Lettuce flowering plant 30/07/2006 10/07/2008 2 Lactuca serriola Prickly Lettuce flowering plant 18/08/2006 17/07/2011 2 Sonchus oleraceus Smooth Sow-thistle flowering plant 31/12/2004 11/09/2008 5 Scorzoneroides autumnalis Autumn Hawkbit flowering plant 14/10/2005 14/08/2011 3 Crepis vesicaria Beaked Hawk's-beard flowering plant 14/06/2006 - 1 Centaurium erythraea var. erythraea flowering plant 26/12/2007 21/07/2009 2 Acer campestre Field Maple flowering plant 31/12/2004 15/08/2007 5 Acer platanoides Norway Maple flowering plant 25/04/2011 02/08/2011 2 Acer pseudoplatanus Sycamore flowering plant 31/12/2004 10/07/2008 4 Malva moschata Musk-mallow flowering plant 31/12/2004 11/09/2011 4 Malva sylvestris Common Mallow flowering plant 21/07/2009 14/08/2011 3 Tilia platyphyllos x cordata = T. x europaea Lime flowering plant 31/12/1999 14/06/2006 4 Cornus sanguinea Dogwood flowering plant 27/07/1999 15/08/2007 5 Sherardia arvensis Field Madder flowering plant 26/06/2008 17/07/2011 2 Galium aparine Cleavers flowering plant 28/06/1988 15/05/2008 28 Galium mollugo subsp. mollugo Great Hedge Bedstraw flowering plant 31/12/2004 - 1 Galium palustre Marsh-bedstraw flowering plant 01/07/1983 17/06/2015 39 Galium palustre subsp. palustre Common Marsh-bedstraw flowering plant 30/07/2006 02/08/2011 4 Galium uliginosum Fen Bedstraw flowering plant 06/06/2004 31/12/2004 2 Arctium minus Lesser Burdock flowering plant 22/04/1991 21/07/2009 8 Calystegia silvatica Large Bindweed flowering plant 30/07/2006 21/07/2009 3 Nymphoides peltata Fringed Water-lily flowering plant 31/12/1994 06/06/2004 2 Menyanthes trifoliata Bogbean flowering plant 20/06/2007 - 2 Campanula poscharskyana Trailing Bellflower flowering plant 26/12/2007 - 1
Ownership of this data remains with the original recorder whilst copyright of this material remains property of the Sussex Biodiversity Records Centre. Page 11 of 19 Latin Name Common Name Taxon Group First Date Last Date No. of Rec's Ilex aquifolium Holly flowering plant 22/04/1991 26/12/2007 6 Solanum nigrum Black Nightshade flowering plant 07/09/2008 14/08/2011 3 Cruciata laevipes Crosswort flowering plant 01/06/2006 - 1 Datura stramonium Thorn-apple flowering plant 11/09/2011 - 1 Centaurium erythraea Common Centaury flowering plant 17/01/1992 17/07/2011 6 Calystegia sepium Hedge Bindweed flowering plant 27/07/1999 15/06/2011 7 Convolvulus arvensis Field Bindweed flowering plant 30/07/2006 21/07/2009 3 Vinca minor Lesser Periwinkle flowering plant 11/09/2008 20/03/2011 3 Vinca major Greater Periwinkle flowering plant 10/07/2008 - 1 Centaurium pulchellum Lesser Centaury flowering plant 27/07/1999 - 1 Solidago virgaurea Goldenrod flowering plant 14/06/2006 02/08/2011 5 Solanum dulcamara Bittersweet flowering plant 22/04/1991 15/08/2007 8 Torilis japonica Upright Hedge-parsley flowering plant 27/07/1999 15/06/2011 4 Succisa pratensis Devil's-bit Scabious flowering plant 01/07/1983 25/06/2014 10 Hedera helix Ivy flowering plant 22/04/1991 15/08/2007 7 Hedera helix subsp. helix Common Ivy flowering plant 31/12/2004 30/07/2006 3 Hydrocotyle vulgaris Marsh Pennywort flowering plant 20/06/2007 18/08/2009 11 Sanicula europaea Sanicle flowering plant 27/03/2011 - 1 Anthriscus sylvestris Cow Parsley flowering plant 22/04/1991 13/02/2008 8 Conopodium majus Pignut flowering plant 22/04/1991 20/03/2011 3 Pimpinella saxifraga Burnet-saxifrage flowering plant 07/09/2008 03/06/2015 14 Aegopodium podagraria Ground-elder flowering plant 31/12/2004 06/06/2009 4 Oenanthe crocata Hemlock Water-dropwort flowering plant 01/07/1983 17/06/2015 46 Aethusa cynapium Fool's Parsley flowering plant 21/07/2009 14/08/2011 2 Silaum silaus Pepper-saxifrage flowering plant 01/07/1983 25/06/2014 4 Sison amomum Stone Parsley flowering plant 02/08/2011 - 1 Pulicaria dysenterica Common Fleabane flowering plant 01/07/1983 17/06/2015 25 Borago officinalis Borage flowering plant 21/07/2009 - 1 Myosotis sylvatica Wood Forget-me-not flowering plant 30/04/2006 - 1 Myosotis secunda Creeping Forget-me-not flowering plant 15/06/2011 17/06/2015 5 Myosotis scorpioides Water Forget-me-not flowering plant 01/07/1983 15/06/2011 13 Myosotis laxa Tufted Forget-me-not flowering plant 28/06/1988 25/06/2014 11 Myosotis discolor Changing Forget-me-not flowering plant 31/12/2004 17/06/2015 7 Angelica sylvestris Wild Angelica flowering plant 01/07/1983 17/06/2015 23 Myosotis Forget-Me-Not flowering plant 15/06/2011 - 1 Heracleum sphondylium Hogweed flowering plant 28/06/1988 17/06/2015 37 Pentaglottis sempervirens Green Alkanet flowering plant 10/07/2008 14/08/2011 4 Symphytum officinale x asperum = S. x uplan Russian Comfrey flowering plant 10/07/2008 21/07/2009 2 Symphytum grandiflorum Creeping Comfrey flowering plant 25/04/2011 - 1 Pulmonaria officinalis Lungwort flowering plant 26/12/2007 27/03/2011 2 Daucus carota subsp. carota Wild Carrot flowering plant 31/12/1999 - 1 Centranthus ruber Red valerian flowering plant 10/07/2008 - 2 Myosotis arvensis Field Forget-me-not flowering plant 31/12/2004 26/06/2008 8 Narcissus pseudonarcissus Daffodil flowering plant 20/03/2011 27/03/2011 4
Ownership of this data remains with the original recorder whilst copyright of this material remains property of the Sussex Biodiversity Records Centre. Page 12 of 19 Latin Name Common Name Taxon Group First Date Last Date No. of Rec's Dipsacus fullonum Wild Teasel flowering plant 07/09/2008 - 1 Matricaria discoidea Pineappleweed flowering plant 14/06/2006 21/07/2009 4 Matricaria chamomilla Scented Mayweed flowering plant 14/06/2006 17/07/2011 5 Leucanthemum vulgare Oxeye Daisy flowering plant 31/12/2004 21/07/2009 8 Anthemis cotula Stinking Chamomile flowering plant 26/06/2008 - 1 Senecio aquaticus Marsh Ragwort flowering plant 13/06/2007 25/06/2014 10 Achillea millefolium Yarrow flowering plant 01/07/1983 17/06/2015 28 Senecio erucifolius Hoary Ragwort flowering plant 27/07/1999 21/07/2009 5 Tanacetum vulgare Tansy flowering plant 21/07/2009 02/08/2011 2 Tanacetum parthenium Feverfew flowering plant 10/07/2008 21/07/2009 2 Bellis perennis Daisy flowering plant 27/07/1999 14/05/2008 8 Conyza sumatrensis Guernsey Fleabane flowering plant 04/02/2006 - 1 Conyza canadensis Canadian Fleabane flowering plant 14/08/2011 11/09/2011 2 Artemisia vulgaris Mugwort flowering plant 07/09/2008 21/07/2009 4 Fumaria officinalis subsp. wirtgenii Common Fumitory flowering plant 11/09/2011 - 1 Eupatorium cannabinum Hemp-agrimony flowering plant 27/07/1999 17/06/2015 6 Solidago canadensis Canadian Goldenrod flowering plant 21/07/2009 - 1 Valerianella carinata Keeled-fruited Cornsalad flowering plant 30/04/2006 - 1 Lonicera periclymenum Honeysuckle flowering plant 31/12/2004 15/08/2007 5 Lonicera nitida Wilson's Honeysuckle flowering plant 31/12/2001 13/02/2008 5 Symphoricarpos albus Snowberry flowering plant 30/04/2006 18/08/2006 3 Tripleurospermum inodorum Scentless Mayweed flowering plant 18/08/2006 17/07/2011 3 Sambucus nigra Elder flowering plant 27/04/2004 15/08/2007 8 Dipsacus fullonum Wild Teasel flowering plant 14/06/2006 - 1 Helianthus tuberosus x pauciflorus = H. x laeti Perennial Sunflower flowering plant 31/12/1996 - 1 Petasites fragrans Winter Heliotrope flowering plant 31/12/2004 20/03/2011 5 Tussilago farfara Colt's-foot flowering plant 17/04/2006 21/07/2009 4 Senecio vulgaris Groundsel flowering plant 30/04/2006 30/12/2008 4 Senecio sylvaticus Heath Groundsel flowering plant 11/09/2011 - 1 Senecio jacobaea Ragwort flowering plant 27/07/1999 03/06/2015 24 Viburnum opulus Guelder-rose flowering plant 31/12/2004 07/09/2008 5 Medicago lupulina Black Medick flowering plant 27/07/1999 14/08/2011 5 Quercus robur Pedunculate Oak flowering plant 28/06/1988 15/08/2007 9 Lotus pedunculatus Greater Bird's-foot-trefoil flowering plant 01/07/1983 17/06/2015 74 Vicia cracca Tufted Vetch flowering plant 01/07/1983 17/06/2015 7 Vicia hirsuta Hairy Tare flowering plant 31/12/2004 17/06/2015 5 Vicia sativa Common Vetch flowering plant 11/07/2006 17/06/2015 5 Vicia sativa subsp. nigra Narrow-leaved Vetch flowering plant 14/08/2011 - 1 Vicia sativa subsp. segetalis Common Vetch flowering plant 31/12/2004 25/04/2011 5 Vicia sepium Bush Vetch flowering plant 31/12/2004 14/06/2006 4 Vicia tetrasperma Smooth Tare flowering plant 31/12/2004 17/06/2015 7 Lathyrus linifolius Bitter-vetch flowering plant 31/12/2004 14/08/2011 2 Lathyrus pratensis Meadow Vetchling flowering plant 01/07/1983 17/06/2015 32 Melilotus albus White Melilot flowering plant 21/07/2009 - 1
Ownership of this data remains with the original recorder whilst copyright of this material remains property of the Sussex Biodiversity Records Centre. Page 13 of 19 Latin Name Common Name Taxon Group First Date Last Date No. of Rec's Melilotus altissimus Tall Melilot flowering plant 02/08/2011 - 1 Gunnera manicata Brazilian Giant-rhubarb flowering plant 15/08/2007 - 1 Trifolium repens White Clover flowering plant 28/06/1988 17/06/2015 100 Quercus cerris Turkey Oak flowering plant 14/06/2006 - 1 Quercus Oak flowering plant 27/04/2004 17/06/2015 6 Castanea sativa Sweet Chestnut flowering plant 27/07/1999 11/09/2011 11 Fagus sylvatica Beech flowering plant 31/12/2004 26/06/2008 3 Polygala serpyllifolia Heath Milkwort flowering plant 14/08/2011 - 1 Melilotus officinalis Ribbed Melilot flowering plant 31/12/1999 21/07/2009 2 Cytisus scoparius Broom flowering plant 31/12/2004 17/07/2011 5 Medicago arabica Spotted Medick flowering plant 25/04/2011 11/09/2011 2 Trifolium pratense Red Clover flowering plant 01/07/1983 17/06/2015 48 Trifolium micranthum Slender Trefoil flowering plant 17/07/2011 - 1 Trifolium medium Zigzag Clover flowering plant 14/06/2006 - 2 Trifolium hybridum Alsike Clover flowering plant 27/07/1999 21/07/2009 2 Trifolium dubium Lesser Trefoil flowering plant 31/12/2004 17/06/2015 10 Buxus sempervirens Box flowering plant 15/08/2007 - 1 Genista tinctoria subsp. tinctoria Dyer's Greenweed flowering plant 21/07/2009 - 1 Clematis vitalba Traveller's-joy flowering plant 31/12/2004 11/09/2008 2 Achillea ptarmica Sneezewort flowering plant 01/07/1983 25/06/2014 6 Circaea lutetiana Enchanter's-nightshade flowering plant 31/12/2004 21/07/2009 7 Scilla forbesii Glory-of-the-snow flowering plant 27/03/2011 - 1 Hyacinthoides non-scripta Bluebell flowering plant 22/04/1991 03/06/2015 10 Hyacinthoides non-scripta x hispanica = H. x Hybrid bluebell flowering plant 25/04/2011 - 2 Pontederia cordata Pickerelweed flowering plant 14/06/2006 - 1 Papaver rhoeas Common Poppy flowering plant 14/06/2006 17/07/2011 3 Papaver somniferum Opium Poppy flowering plant 21/07/2009 17/07/2011 2 Meconopsis cambrica Welsh Poppy flowering plant 17/07/2011 - 1 Chelidonium majus Greater Celandine flowering plant 11/09/2011 - 1 Pseudofumaria lutea Yellow Corydalis flowering plant 21/07/2009 - 1 Fumaria muralis Common Ramping-fumitory flowering plant 17/07/2011 - 1 Fumaria officinalis Common Fumitory flowering plant 14/06/2006 17/07/2011 2 Lotus corniculatus Common Bird's-foot-trefoil flowering plant 27/07/1999 17/06/2015 38 Ranunculus ficaria subsp. bulbilifer Lesser Celandine flowering plant 25/04/2011 - 1 Aquilegia vulgaris Columbine flowering plant 26/12/2007 04/09/2011 6 Ranunculus sceleratus Celery-leaved Buttercup flowering plant 16/05/2007 - 1 Ranunculus sardous Hairy Buttercup flowering plant 26/06/2008 18/10/2009 4 Ranunculus repens Creeping Buttercup flowering plant 01/07/1983 17/06/2015 134 Ranunculus omiophyllus Round-leaved Crowfoot flowering plant 20/06/2001 - 1 Caltha palustris Marsh-marigold flowering plant 01/07/1983 14/07/2007 11 Ranunculus ficaria subsp. ficaria Lesser Celandine flowering plant 31/12/2004 25/04/2011 3 Anemone nemorosa Wood Anemone flowering plant 30/04/2006 20/03/2011 5 Ranunculus ficaria Lesser Celandine flowering plant 22/04/1991 03/06/2015 9 Ranunculus bulbosus Bulbous Buttercup flowering plant 03/06/2015 - 1
Ownership of this data remains with the original recorder whilst copyright of this material remains property of the Sussex Biodiversity Records Centre. Page 14 of 19 Latin Name Common Name Taxon Group First Date Last Date No. of Rec's Ranunculus auricomus Goldilocks Buttercup flowering plant 31/12/1999 27/03/2011 4 Ranunculus acris Meadow Buttercup flowering plant 01/07/1983 17/06/2015 101 Ranunculus aquatilis Water Crowfoot flowering plant 22/04/1991 - 1 Ulex europaeus Gorse flowering plant 07/04/2006 18/10/2009 3 Ranunculus flammula Lesser Spearwort flowering plant 01/07/1983 17/06/2015 49 Genista tinctoria Dyer's Greenweed flowering plant 16/05/2007 - 1 Salix cinerea Common Sallow flowering plant 11/11/2009 - 2 Hypericum pulchrum Slender St John's-wort flowering plant 14/06/2006 25/06/2014 5 Hypericum perforatum x maculatum = H. x de Des Etangs' St John's-wort flowering plant 31/12/1979 10/07/2008 2 Hypericum perforatum Perforate St John's-wort flowering plant 27/07/1999 18/08/2006 5 Hypericum maculatum Imperforate St John's-wort flowering plant 21/07/2009 14/08/2011 4 Geranium dissectum Cut-leaved Crane's-bill flowering plant 31/12/2004 14/08/2011 7 Hypericum androsaemum Tutsan flowering plant 13/02/2008 02/08/2011 4 Geranium endressii x versicolor = G. x oxonia Druce's Crane's-bill flowering plant 06/06/2004 06/06/2009 4 Viola reichenbachiana Early Dog-violet flowering plant 31/12/1999 20/03/2011 3 Quercus rubra Red Oak flowering plant 31/12/1993 31/12/1994 2 Viola odorata Sweet Violet flowering plant 15/08/2007 17/07/2011 4 Viola arvensis Field Pansy flowering plant 26/06/2008 21/07/2009 2 Salix fragilis Crack-willow flowering plant 31/12/2004 02/08/2011 5 Salix cinerea subsp. oleifolia Rusty Willow flowering plant 27/07/1999 25/03/2008 5 Hypericum humifusum Trailing St John's-wort flowering plant 17/07/2011 11/09/2011 3 Epilobium ciliatum American Willowherb flowering plant 28/06/1988 21/07/2009 8 Chamerion angustifolium Rosebay Willowherb flowering plant 27/07/1999 11/11/2009 5 Epilobium tetragonum Square-stalked Willowherb flowering plant 20/06/2007 17/06/2015 15 Epilobium parviflorum Hoary Willowherb flowering plant 01/07/1983 21/07/2009 9 Epilobium palustre Marsh Willowherb flowering plant 11/07/2006 - 1 Epilobium obscurum Short-fruited Willowherb flowering plant 26/06/2008 15/06/2011 6 Hypericum tetrapterum Square-stalked St John's-wort flowering plant 01/07/1983 17/06/2015 17 Epilobium hirsutum Great Willowherb flowering plant 28/06/1988 17/06/2015 18 Viola odorata var. dumetorum flowering plant 25/03/2008 - 2 Epilobium Willowherb flowering plant 22/04/1991 16/05/2007 4 Lythrum salicaria Purple-loosestrife flowering plant 07/09/2008 - 1 Geranium robertianum Herb-Robert flowering plant 27/07/1999 15/08/2007 9 Geranium pyrenaicum Hedgerow Crane's-bill flowering plant 21/07/2009 - 1 Geranium molle Dove's-foot Crane's-bill flowering plant 31/12/2004 - 1 Geranium lucidum Shining Crane's-bill flowering plant 17/04/2006 - 1 Epilobium montanum Broad-leaved Willowherb flowering plant 31/12/2004 02/08/2011 4 Corylus avellana Hazel flowering plant 27/07/1999 15/08/2007 9 Oxalis incarnata Pale Pink-sorrel flowering plant 31/12/1994 31/12/1999 2 Oxalis exilis Least Yellow-sorrel flowering plant 17/07/2011 14/08/2011 2 Oxalis dillenii Sussex Yellow-sorrel flowering plant 17/07/2011 - 1 Oxalis corniculata Procumbent Yellow-sorrel flowering plant 31/12/2004 - 1 Salix caprea x cinerea = S. x reichardtii Willow flowering plant 31/12/1993 - 1 Oxalis stricta Upright Yellow-sorrel flowering plant 18/10/2009 - 1
Ownership of this data remains with the original recorder whilst copyright of this material remains property of the Sussex Biodiversity Records Centre. Page 15 of 19 Latin Name Common Name Taxon Group First Date Last Date No. of Rec's Viola riviniana Common Dog-violet flowering plant 22/04/1991 11/09/2008 8 Oxalis articulata Pink-sorrel flowering plant 06/06/2009 - 1 Corylus Hazel flowering plant 21/07/2007 - 1 Carpinus betulus Hornbeam flowering plant 22/04/1991 15/08/2007 7 Alnus glutinosa Alder flowering plant 28/06/1988 17/06/2015 14 Alnus flowering plant 21/06/2007 - 1 Betula pubescens Downy Birch flowering plant 30/04/2006 17/05/2009 4 Betula pendula Silver Birch flowering plant 27/07/1999 11/11/2009 8 Oxalis acetosella Wood-sorrel flowering plant 31/12/2004 21/07/2009 3 Euphorbia platyphyllos Broad-leaved Spurge flowering plant 18/10/2009 - 1 Salix aurita Eared Willow flowering plant 02/08/2011 - 1 Mercurialis perennis Dog's Mercury flowering plant 27/07/1999 25/04/2011 7 Salix Willow flowering plant 28/06/1988 21/06/2007 2 Populus tremula Aspen flowering plant 31/12/2004 18/08/2006 3 Populus nigra x deltoides = P. x canadensis Hybrid Black-poplar flowering plant 31/12/2004 - 1 Salix caprea Goat Willow flowering plant 27/07/1999 15/08/2007 7 Populus alba White Poplar flowering plant 27/07/1999 - 1 Salix alba White Willow flowering plant 15/08/2007 11/09/2011 2 Euphorbia peplus Petty Spurge flowering plant 04/02/2006 11/09/2011 4 Euphorbia lathyris Caper Spurge flowering plant 13/02/2008 - 1 Euphorbia helioscopia Sun Spurge flowering plant 17/07/2011 - 1 Euphorbia exigua Dwarf Spurge flowering plant 21/07/2009 - 1 Euphorbia amygdaloides Wood Spurge flowering plant 22/04/1991 21/07/2009 6 Populus nigra 'Italica' Lombardy-Poplar flowering plant 27/04/2004 - 1 Lymnaeidae Pond snails mollusc 15/08/2009 20/07/2010 3 Planorbidae Indet. Ramshorn mollusc 20/07/2010 - 1 Cladocera crustacean 15/08/2009 - 1 Asellus (Asellus) aquaticus Water hog lice/slaters crustacean 20/07/2010 - 1 Ephemeridae Mayfly (Ephemeridae) insect - mayfly (Ephemeroptera) 18/08/2009 - 1 Pyrrhosoma nymphula Large Red Damselfly insect - dragonfly (Odonata) 31/12/1972 15/06/2004 13 Platycnemis pennipes White-legged Damselfly insect - dragonfly (Odonata) 20/07/1994 22/05/2008 6 Sympetrum striolatum Common Darter insect - dragonfly (Odonata) 31/12/1972 27/11/2011 14 Sympetrum sanguineum Ruddy Darter insect - dragonfly (Odonata) 20/07/1994 31/07/1996 7 Orthetrum cancellatum Black-tailed Skimmer insect - dragonfly (Odonata) 31/12/1974 15/06/2004 17 Libellula quadrimaculata Four-spotted Chaser insect - dragonfly (Odonata) 15/06/2004 - 1 Brachytron pratense Hairy Dragonfly insect - dragonfly (Odonata) 31/07/1994 - 1 Libellula depressa Broad-bodied Chaser insect - dragonfly (Odonata) 31/12/1974 23/07/1996 6 Lestes sponsa Emerald Damselfly insect - dragonfly (Odonata) 31/12/1974 20/07/1994 5 Somatochlora metallica Brilliant Emerald insect - dragonfly (Odonata) 31/12/1974 14/08/2003 15 Cordulia aenea Downy Emerald insect - dragonfly (Odonata) 31/12/1972 22/05/2008 16 Aeshna mixta Migrant Hawker insect - dragonfly (Odonata) 04/08/1992 18/09/2010 4 Zygoptera Damselfly insect - dragonfly (Odonata) 20/07/2010 - 1 Ischnura elegans Blue-tailed Damselfly insect - dragonfly (Odonata) 31/12/1972 21/06/2003 29 Calopteryx virgo Beautiful Demoiselle insect - dragonfly (Odonata) 06/06/1993 15/06/2011 6
Ownership of this data remains with the original recorder whilst copyright of this material remains property of the Sussex Biodiversity Records Centre. Page 16 of 19 Latin Name Common Name Taxon Group First Date Last Date No. of Rec's Aeshna grandis Brown Hawker insect - dragonfly (Odonata) 31/12/1974 31/07/1996 17 Anax imperator Emperor Dragonfly insect - dragonfly (Odonata) 31/12/1974 15/06/2004 15 Calopteryx splendens Banded Demoiselle insect - dragonfly (Odonata) 06/06/1993 20/07/1994 3 Coenagrion insect - dragonfly (Odonata) 22/05/2008 - 2 Coenagrion puella Azure Damselfly insect - dragonfly (Odonata) 31/12/1972 25/06/2014 32 Enallagma cyathigerum Common Blue Damselfly insect - dragonfly (Odonata) 31/12/1972 15/06/2004 18 Erythromma najas Red-eyed Damselfly insect - dragonfly (Odonata) 31/12/1972 22/05/2008 21 Aeshna cyanea Southern Hawker insect - dragonfly (Odonata) 31/12/1974 31/07/1996 15 Isoperla grammatica insect - stonefly (Plecoptera) 25/05/1990 - 1 Nemoura cambrica insect - stonefly (Plecoptera) 25/05/1990 - 1 Kleidocerys resedae Birch Catkin Bug insect - true bug (Hemiptera) 30/10/2014 - 1 Palomena prasina Green Shieldbug insect - true bug (Hemiptera) 30/10/2014 - 1 Gerris (Gerris) insect - true bug (Hemiptera) 18/08/2009 - 1 Corixidae Lesser Water-Boatman insect - true bug (Hemiptera) 20/07/2010 - 1 Linnavuoriana sexmaculata insect - true bug (Hemiptera) 30/10/2014 - 1 Elasmostethus interstinctus Birch Shieldbug insect - true bug (Hemiptera) 30/10/2014 - 1 Lindbergina aurovittata insect - true bug (Hemiptera) 30/10/2014 - 1 Coleoptera beetles insect - beetle (Coleoptera) 18/08/2009 - 1 Dytiscus insect - beetle (Coleoptera) 20/07/2010 - 1 Dytiscus marginalis Great Diving Beetle insect - beetle (Coleoptera) 31/12/2006 - 1 Halyzia sedecimguttata Orange Ladybird insect - beetle (Coleoptera) 30/10/2014 - 1 Trichoptera Caddisfly insect - caddis fly (Trichoptera) 18/08/2009 - 1 Trichoptera insect - caddis fly (Trichoptera) 15/08/2009 - 1 Nymphalis polychloros Large Tortoiseshell insect - butterfly 12/05/1988 - 1 Celastrina argiolus Holly Blue insect - butterfly 30/07/2001 - 1 Favonius quercus Purple Hairstreak insect - butterfly 28/07/1999 14/07/2014 6 Apatura iris Purple Emperor insect - butterfly 05/07/2010 28/07/2013 3 Argynnis paphia Silver-washed Fritillary insect - butterfly 28/07/2013 - 1 Limenitis camilla White Admiral insect - butterfly 30/06/1988 07/07/2007 5 Melitaea didyma Spotted Fritillary insect - butterfly 01/08/1988 - 1 Aglais urticae Small Tortoiseshell insect - butterfly 12/04/1988 21/04/2014 17 Aglais io Peacock insect - butterfly 26/05/1997 21/04/2014 9 Vanessa cardui Painted Lady insect - butterfly 12/05/1988 10/09/2014 10 Polyommatus icarus Common Blue insect - butterfly 06/06/1988 25/06/2014 8 Polygonia c-album Comma insect - butterfly 31/07/1988 10/09/2014 13 Coenonympha pamphilus Small Heath insect - butterfly 12/07/1997 20/06/1998 2 Pararge aegeria Speckled Wood insect - butterfly 12/05/1988 10/09/2014 36 Erebia insect - butterfly 20/07/1988 - 1 Pyronia tithonus Hedge Brown insect - butterfly 20/07/1988 28/07/2013 20 Aphantopus hyperantus Ringlet insect - butterfly 05/07/1988 28/07/2013 10 Melanargia galathea Marbled White insect - butterfly 09/07/2011 - 1 Hipparchia semele Grayling insect - butterfly 15/06/1988 17/08/1988 5 Vanessa atalanta Red Admiral insect - butterfly 08/08/1988 14/08/2012 16 Pyrgus malvae Grizzled Skipper insect - butterfly 27/04/1988 06/06/1998 4
Ownership of this data remains with the original recorder whilst copyright of this material remains property of the Sussex Biodiversity Records Centre. Page 17 of 19 Latin Name Common Name Taxon Group First Date Last Date No. of Rec's Maniola jurtina Meadow Brown insect - butterfly 30/06/1988 25/06/2014 36 Aricia agestis Brown Argus insect - butterfly 10/05/2011 - 1 Thymelicus lineola Essex Skipper insect - butterfly 20/07/1988 04/08/2000 2 Erynnis tages Dingy Skipper insect - butterfly 10/05/2011 - 1 Thymelicus sylvestris Small Skipper insect - butterfly 23/06/1988 04/08/2000 8 Colias croceus Clouded Yellow insect - butterfly 25/07/1999 - 1 Gonepteryx rhamni Brimstone insect - butterfly 11/04/1988 21/04/2014 15 Anthocharis cardamines Orange-tip insect - butterfly 05/05/1988 21/04/2014 13 Pieris brassicae Large White insect - butterfly 05/05/1988 28/07/2013 33 Pieris rapae Small White insect - butterfly 05/05/1988 28/07/2013 31 Pieris napi Green-veined White insect - butterfly 06/06/1988 21/04/2014 19 Lycaena phlaeas Small Copper insect - butterfly 08/08/1988 10/09/2014 6 Lycaena virgaureae Scarce Copper insect - butterfly 05/07/1988 - 1 Ochlodes sylvanus Large Skipper insect - butterfly 20/06/1998 25/06/2014 6 Pleuroptya ruralis Mother of Pearl insect - moth 30/08/2010 - 1 Stigmella aurella Golden Pigmy insect - moth 30/10/2014 - 1 Zygaena lonicerae Narrow-bordered Five-spot Burnet insect - moth 25/06/2014 - 1 Zygaena filipendulae Six-spot Burnet insect - moth 17/07/2013 - 1 Epiphyas postvittana Light Brown Apple Moth insect - moth 19/05/2011 - 1 Stigmella tityrella Small Beech Pigmy insect - moth 30/10/2014 - 1 Stigmella microtheriella Nut-tree Pigmy insect - moth 30/10/2014 - 1 Thyatira batis Peach Blossom insect - moth 30/10/2014 - 1 Phyllonorycter maestingella Beech Midget insect - moth 30/10/2014 - 1 Phyllonorycter coryli Nut Leaf Blister Moth insect - moth 30/10/2014 - 1 Stigmella floslactella Coarse Hazel Pigmy insect - moth 30/10/2014 - 1 Orgyia antiqua Vapourer insect - moth 29/07/2015 01/08/2015 2 Phyllonorycter nicellii Red Hazel Midget insect - moth 30/10/2014 - 1 Hartigiola annulipes insect - true fly (Diptera) 30/10/2014 - 1 Episyrphus balteatus Marmalade Hoverfly insect - true fly (Diptera) 30/10/2014 - 1 Chironomidae Non-biting midge insect - true fly (Diptera) 18/08/2009 - 2 Culex insect - true fly (Diptera) 15/08/2009 - 1 Andrena (Melandrena) nitida insect - hymenopteran 07/05/1983 - 1 Andrena (Trachandrena) haemorrhoa Early Mining Bee insect - hymenopteran 07/05/1983 - 1 Andrena (Notandrena) chrysosceles insect - hymenopteran 07/05/1983 - 1 Bombus (Psithyrus) sylvestris Four Coloured Cuckoo Bee insect - hymenopteran 07/05/1983 - 1 Vespa crabro Hornet insect - hymenopteran 10/09/2014 - 2 Lampetra planeri Brook Lamprey jawless fish (Agnatha) 02/05/2013 - 1 Scardinius erythrophthalmus Rudd bony fish (Actinopterygii) 26/06/2001 - 2 Cyprinus carpio Common Carp bony fish (Actinopterygii) 26/06/2001 - 1 Gobio gobio Gudgeon bony fish (Actinopterygii) 26/06/2001 04/09/2003 3 Blicca bjoerkna Silver Bream bony fish (Actinopterygii) 26/06/2001 - 1 Rutilus rutilus Roach bony fish (Actinopterygii) 26/06/2001 04/09/2003 3 Squalius cephalus Chub bony fish (Actinopterygii) 04/09/2003 - 1 Phoxinus phoxinus Minnow bony fish (Actinopterygii) 01/08/2003 18/08/2009 2
Ownership of this data remains with the original recorder whilst copyright of this material remains property of the Sussex Biodiversity Records Centre. Page 18 of 19 Latin Name Common Name Taxon Group First Date Last Date No. of Rec's Abramis brama Common Bream bony fish (Actinopterygii) 26/06/2001 - 1 Anguilla anguilla European Eel bony fish (Actinopterygii) 26/06/2001 02/05/2013 4 Perca fluviatilis Perch bony fish (Actinopterygii) 26/06/2001 02/05/2013 5 Salmo trutta Brown/Sea Trout bony fish (Actinopterygii) 26/06/2001 02/05/2013 4 Salmo trutta subsp. fario Brown Trout bony fish (Actinopterygii) 26/06/2001 - 1 Cottus gobio Bullhead bony fish (Actinopterygii) 02/05/2013 - 1 Esox lucius Pike bony fish (Actinopterygii) 26/06/2001 - 2 Triturus cristatus Great Crested Newt amphibian 16/05/2006 17/06/2014 10 Triturus Newt amphibian 20/07/2010 - 1 Lissotriton vulgaris Smooth Newt amphibian 21/03/2000 31/07/2006 2 Lissotriton helveticus Palmate Newt amphibian 21/03/2000 - 1 Rana temporaria Common Frog amphibian 10/07/1998 02/05/2014 5 Bufo bufo Common Toad amphibian 21/03/2000 02/05/2014 2 Anguis fragilis Slow-worm reptile 28/09/2006 02/05/2014 11 Zootoca vivipara Common Lizard reptile 28/09/2006 - 1 Natrix natrix Grass Snake reptile 22/07/1996 31/12/2006 8 Oryctolagus cuniculus European Rabbit terrestrial mammal 20/04/2003 30/01/2008 5 Plecotus auritus Brown Long-eared Bat terrestrial mammal 31/12/1989 30/09/2012 15 Capreolus capreolus Roe Deer terrestrial mammal 31/12/2007 - 1 Dama dama Fallow Deer terrestrial mammal 20/04/2003 31/03/2015 2 Sciurus carolinensis Eastern Grey Squirrel terrestrial mammal 21/06/1990 07/09/2008 8 Plecotus Long-eared sp. terrestrial mammal 23/10/2003 27/12/2013 7 Muscardinus avellanarius Hazel Dormouse terrestrial mammal 14/08/2013 - 1 Eptesicus serotinus Serotine terrestrial mammal 09/09/1986 13/08/2013 21 Microtus agrestis Field Vole terrestrial mammal 14/06/2001 - 1 Pipistrellus pipistrellus Common Pipistrelle (45 kHz) terrestrial mammal 22/07/2010 30/09/2012 10 Pipistrellus Pipstrelle sp. terrestrial mammal 08/09/1980 12/05/2014 18 Myotis nattereri Natterer's Bat terrestrial mammal 28/06/1989 11/06/2005 3 Myotis Unidentified Bat terrestrial mammal 16/10/2007 30/09/2012 2 Chiroptera Bat sp. terrestrial mammal 19/05/1986 24/09/2011 16 Talpa europaea European Mole terrestrial mammal 22/02/1965 10/09/2014 27 Erinaceus europaeus West European Hedgehog terrestrial mammal 17/09/2015 - 1 Vulpes vulpes Red Fox terrestrial mammal 02/07/1992 31/12/2001 2 Neovison vison American Mink terrestrial mammal 24/09/2001 31/12/2002 2 Myotis daubentonii Daubenton's Bat terrestrial mammal 12/05/2014 - 1
Ownership of this data remains with the original recorder whilst copyright of this material remains property of the Sussex Biodiversity Records Centre. Page 19 of 19 Woods Mill, Henfield, West Sussex BN5 9SD Tel: 01273 497 558 / 557 Fax: 0203 070 0709 Email: [email protected] Website: sxbrc.org.uk
Sussex Environmental Survey Directory
Report on behalf of Chris Jennings (The Ecology Partnership) regarding land at Jefferys Farm, Horsted Keynes + 2km radius. Our Ref: SxBRC/16/139 Date: 26-May-16
The Sussex Environmental Survey Directory (ESD) was initiated in 1990 as a tool to report on biological surveys that had taken place in Sussex. The directory now contains information on over 2,000 surveys covering over 22,000 sites. This report details what surveys have been carried out on specific sites and directs the enquirer to where this information is held. The Record Centre does not hold copies of all the reports that it refers enquirers to, but simply directs the enquirer to organisations or individuals who do.
The directory is updated on a weekly basis and also contains summary data on the county’s ornithological data, (courtesy of the Sussex Ornithological Society) and on the county’s geological sites (courtesy of the Booth Museum).
Survey Name Biological Survey of Common Land in West Sussex - (325)
Survey Author FINCH, Marion, FRANCIS, Ian Survey Comment A detailed survey that included management prescriptions and also historical interest of sites. Some casual observations of other groups included. This is part of the NCC survey of Common Land in England and Wales. The report is in two parts: one is a summary of the findings and the other is a copy of all of the record cards. [SxBRC copy held in box H4b]. Date 1989-1991 Site Name Roadside Strips, Birchgrove Rd, Horsted Keynes - CL310 TQ392288 Site Comment Registered Common. Road verges with mown grassland, trees, scattered scrub and dense bracken. Copies Available EN, SxBRC Boxes, WSCC
Page 1 of 14 Copyright of this material remains the property of the Sussex Biodiversity Record Centre. Reproduction of this material is prohibited. Survey Name Biological Survey of Common Land in West Sussex - (325)
Survey Author FINCH, Marion, FRANCIS, Ian Survey Comment A detailed survey that included management prescriptions and also historical interest of sites. Some casual observations of other groups included. This is part of the NCC survey of Common Land in England and Wales. The report is in two parts: one is a summary of the findings and the other is a copy of all of the record cards. [SxBRC copy held in box H4b]. Date 1989-1991 Site Name Land in Treemans Road & Freshfield Lane - CL320 TQ380261 Site Comment Registered Common. Roadside verges with fringing hedgerows. Copies Available EN, SxBRC Boxes, WSCC
Survey Name Survey of Mid-Sussex District Sportsgrounds & Cemeteries - (326)
Survey Author FINCH, Marion, CLARK, Louise Survey Comment Includes a vegetation survey of the Southway and the Fairfield Recreation Grounds. (Phase II). [SxBRC copy held in H2b box]. Date 1991 Site Name Constance Wood Recreation Ground, Horsted Keynes TQ382278 Site Comment Village playing field on edge of Horsted Keynes with no specific features. Owned by Mid-Sussex District Council. Copies Available SxBRC Boxes, SxBRC Digital
Survey Name West Sussex Potential SNCI Project - (397)
Survey Author FINCH, Marion, CLARK, Louise Survey Comment A survey of potential SNCIs to assess their significance. Incidental records of mammals, birds, butterflies and moths, and ferns/bryophytes/lichens were included. ONLY West Sussex covered in the survey. Where relevant, info. In EN/SSSI Files. NB: some sites listed below have since been designated, and are now named accordingly. Date 1990-3.92 Site Name Birchgrove Fish Ponds (pSNCI) TQ385295 Site Comment Potential SNCI. This site is a series of old hammer ponds, now used for angling, and the woodland which surrounds them. North of Horsted Keynes. Both the pond margins and the woods are species rich. Includes smaller SNCI M05. Copies Available WSCC, EN/SSSI/SCI, SxBRC Digital
Page 2 of 14 Copyright of this material remains the property of the Sussex Biodiversity Record Centre. Reproduction of this material is prohibited. Survey Name West Sussex Potential SNCI Project - (397)
Survey Author FINCH, Marion, CLARK, Louise Survey Comment A survey of potential SNCIs to assess their significance. Incidental records of mammals, birds, butterflies and moths, and ferns/bryophytes/lichens were included. ONLY West Sussex covered in the survey. Where relevant, info. In EN/SSSI Files. NB: some sites listed below have since been designated, and are now named accordingly. Date 1990-3.92 Site Name Bluebell Railway Station (Meadows West of) (pSNCI) TQ368292 Site Comment Potential SNCI. Rough fields bounded by a small stream. One area dominated by tall herb and fen.The main field was arable in 1988 has since reverted to grassland. Includes SNCI M04. Copies Available WSCC, EN/SSSI/SCI, SxBRC Digital
Survey Name Designated SNCIs (in West Sussex) - (500)
Survey Author WSCC Survey Comment All SNCIs in West Sussex are covered here. All sites have management prescriptions. Each site was surveyed botanically, but additional information on other groups is included where known. (A hand-book 'West Sussex Sites of Nature Conservation Importance' has been produced). (Phase II). In 1998 a further 26 new sites were added. In 2001 a further 23 new sites were added and 1 deleted. [NB: a number of additional sites are also included which are not designated, but which were presumably considered for designation at some stage, or which were at some time designated but which have since be deselected]. Date 1990- Site Name Horsted House Farm Marsh - SNCI M4 TQ368291 Site Comment An area of marshy ground; dominated by tall herb swamp/fen and bordered by a tree-lined stream. Copies Available EN, SWT, WSCC
Survey Name Designated SNCIs (in West Sussex) - (500)
Survey Author WSCC Survey Comment All SNCIs in West Sussex are covered here. All sites have management prescriptions. Each site was surveyed botanically, but additional information on other groups is included where known. (A hand-book 'West Sussex Sites of Nature Conservation Importance' has been produced). (Phase II). In 1998 a further 26 new sites were added. In 2001 a further 23 new sites were added and 1 deleted. [NB: a number of additional sites are also included which are not designated, but which were presumably considered for designation at some stage, or which were at some time designated but which have since be deselected]. Date 1990- Site Name Birchgrove Fish Ponds - SNCI M5 TQ385294 Site Comment A series of angling ponds which form part of a much larger network of ponds and lakes. They generally have well developed marginal and aquatic vegetation and are surrounded by old coppiced woodland with a rich ground flora. The ponds are linked by streams. Copies Available EN, SWT, WSCC
Page 3 of 14 Copyright of this material remains the property of the Sussex Biodiversity Record Centre. Reproduction of this material is prohibited. Survey Name Wintering Waterfowl Count Scheme - (506)
Survey Author Various Survey Comment WWT covers inland sites and some coastal areas and sites are counted for waterfowl, rails, herons and Kingfishers every month over the winter. A summary of the results combined with BTO's Estuary counts are published in "Wildfowl and Wetland Counts" each year. Information on sites can be obtained via the above contact. Date various Site Name Birchgrove Fish Ponds (pSNCI) TQ385295 Site Comment Potential SNCI. This site is a series of old hammer ponds, now used for angling, and the woodland which surrounds them. North of Horsted Keynes. Both the pond margins and the woods are species rich. Includes smaller SNCI M05. Copies Available As contact
Survey Name Wintering Waterfowl Count Scheme - (506)
Survey Author Various Survey Comment WWT covers inland sites and some coastal areas and sites are counted for waterfowl, rails, herons and Kingfishers every month over the winter. A summary of the results combined with BTO's Estuary counts are published in "Wildfowl and Wetland Counts" each year. Information on sites can be obtained via the above contact. Date various Site Name Birchgrove Wood South Fish Ponds TQ392297 Site Comment Part of a series of ponds in woodland to the north east of Horsted Keynes. Copies Available As contact
Survey Name Survey of Old Meadow Sites - West Sussex - (507)
Survey Author FORBES, J. et al. Survey Comment A standard NCC (pre NVC) survey of neutral unimproved grasslands in the South-east region. Different volumes for Kent and East and West Sussex. Lower River Valley Survey No.19. (Phase II) Date 1978 Site Name Stoaches Farm/Little Heaven Wood - Old Meadow Site TQ387263 Site Comment An alluvial meadow of neutral grassland on a slope which is poorly drained. Contains interesting plants and insects. Copies Available SWT, WSCC
Page 4 of 14 Copyright of this material remains the property of the Sussex Biodiversity Record Centre. Reproduction of this material is prohibited. Survey Name Survey of Unimproved Grassland in West Sussex (Vol 2) - (618)
Survey Author ALLWRIGHT, R. Survey Comment These sites were surveyed, classified and a grassland recording card filled out. These original results on each site are not included in the final published report. Details of four sites in E Sussex that were also surveyed are also in the same box in a separate envelope. (At EN they are in the W Sussex Grassland Survey box in the library). (Phase II). [SxBRC copy held in H7a box]. Date 6.88-8.88 Site Name Ponds, Marsh & Stream SW of Horsted Keynes Station TQ367286 Site Comment This is all that remains of a once much more extensive marshy area beside the Cockhaise Brook. It is a very small area of swampy ground. Copies Available EN, SxBRC Boxes, WSCC
Survey Name Survey of Unimproved Grassland in West Sussex (Vol 2) - (618)
Survey Author ALLWRIGHT, R. Survey Comment These sites were surveyed, classified and a grassland recording card filled out. These original results on each site are not included in the final published report. Details of four sites in E Sussex that were also surveyed are also in the same box in a separate envelope. (At EN they are in the W Sussex Grassland Survey box in the library). (Phase II). [SxBRC copy held in H7a box]. Date 6.88-8.88 Site Name Horsted House Farm Marsh TQ368291 Site Comment An area of tall herb swamp/ fen by the Cockhaise Brook. It is very varied and has a good species list. It is of local importance. Copies Available EN, SxBRC Boxes, WSCC
Survey Name Geological Conservation Review Sites - (637)
Survey Author Various Survey Comment These are all sites selected by the JNCC because they have special geological interest. Sites were identified through the Geological Conservation Review; a systematic site selection exercise carried out through Great Britain between 1977 & 1990. Once selected, a GCR site is proposed as a SSSI, and if/when approved becomes a SSSI. NB: some already existing SSSIs may also be identified as GCR sites, and some SSSIs have smaller areas within their boundaries identified as GCR sites (of the sites listed below, numbers 585,626,664,674 & 577 are all SSSIs with only certain areas in each being covered by the GCR). Other GCR sites which appear to fall only partly within or wholly beyond existing SSSIs are named with the GCR suffix. (Some information is held on files DA01/20-2 and DA01/20-3 at EN). Date 1980- Site Name Horsted Keynes (East & Yew Tree Woods Rock Faces) GCR Site TQ385266 Site Comment Included in the Geological Conservation Review. Two rock faces in woodland to the south of Horsted Keynes.They are brickclay pits and they expose the upper Wadhurst Clay Formation and Lower Tunbridge Wells Sand; Grinstead Clay and basal Upper Tunbridge Wells Sand Formation. An important site for palaeoenvironmental provenance and palaeogeographical studies. Falls within Freshfield Lane SSSI. Copies Available EN/SSSI/SCI
Page 5 of 14 Copyright of this material remains the property of the Sussex Biodiversity Record Centre. Reproduction of this material is prohibited. Survey Name Notes on Plants - Meadow near Horsted Keynes - (816)
Survey Author Survey Comment Notes on the site and a species list. Date 1973-1982 Site Name Meadow nr Great Oddynes, W of Horsted Keynes TQ367286 Site Comment An area of damp grassland by a stream with some scarce plants. Copies Available WSCC
Survey Name Toad Crossings in Sussex - (913)
Survey Author Various Survey Comment Survey of all the major sites where toads cross roads on their way to spawning grounds in spring. Each site has its own contact person and they are listed with their phone number on the sheet at WSCC which is taken from a SARG newsletter. Date - Site Name Danehill/Horsted Lane Toad Crossing, Danehill TQ396282 Site Comment A toad crossing. Copies Available WSCC, EN/SSSI/SCI
Survey Name Sussex Churchyard Survey - (916)
Survey Author DONOVAN, Pat Survey Comment Botanical survey of most of the churchyards in Sussex. The majority will have just a species list, but the ones with ecological significance have more detail. (Phase II). NB: Results held at SxBRC for some of sites covered (with details for each site filed according to grid squares), including ESD site nos. 841[TQ33], 1370 [TQ32], 4470 [TQ32], 4341 [SU90]., 4382 [TQ01]. [SxBRC also holds documents in BRC box H2b]. Date 1980- Site Name St G Churchyard, Church Lane, Horsted Keynes TQ383288 Site Comment Copies Available As contact, SxBRC File Cabs, SxBRC Boxes
Page 6 of 14 Copyright of this material remains the property of the Sussex Biodiversity Record Centre. Reproduction of this material is prohibited. Survey Name Potential Key Dragonfly Sites - East Sussex - (966)
Survey Author WELSTEAD, A. R., WELSTEAD, N. I. Survey Comment A table summarising the last year that each species was seen on each site. Abstracted from Biological Records Centre at Monks Wood. (Data Collation). Date 1970-1988 Site Name Latchetts Lower Lake, Horsted Keynes TQ385267 Site Comment Potential key Dragonfly site Copies Available SxBRC Digital
Survey Name Potential Key Dragonfly Sites - East Sussex - (966)
Survey Author WELSTEAD, A. R., WELSTEAD, N. I. Survey Comment A table summarising the last year that each species was seen on each site. Abstracted from Biological Records Centre at Monks Wood. (Data Collation). Date 1970-1988 Site Name Latchetts Upper Lake, Horsted Keynes TQ387269 Site Comment Potential key Dragonfly site Copies Available SxBRC Digital
Survey Name Wealden District SNCI Project - (1403)
Survey Author CLARK, Louise, FINCH, Marion Survey Comment A detailed botanical survey of sites in the Wealden District to assess whether they are of county- wide importance as SNCIs. (Phase II) Date 1996 Site Name Cowstocks, Northland & Heaven Woods (pSNCI) TQ397267 Site Comment Potential SNCI Copies Available SWT, ESCC
Page 7 of 14 Copyright of this material remains the property of the Sussex Biodiversity Record Centre. Reproduction of this material is prohibited. Survey Name A River Corridor Survey, River Ouse Catchment, Volume 2 - (2110)
Survey Author LEE DONALD ASSOCIATES Survey Comment A River Corridor Survey of the River Ouse Catchment. The catchment is split into 500m sections, each section is treated as a discrete site. Only macrophyte (large aquatic plants) communities are described in detail. DAFOR scale is used to describe abundance. Detailed OS and handrawn maps. Bank profiles and vegetation structure are visually presented. Date Jan 1995 Site Name River Ouse, Section 118 TQ364262 Site Comment 500m stretch of river noting macrophytes and river profiles Copies Available EA, SWT
Survey Name A River Corridor Survey, River Ouse Catchment, Volume 2 - (2110)
Survey Author LEE DONALD ASSOCIATES Survey Comment A River Corridor Survey of the River Ouse Catchment. The catchment is split into 500m sections, each section is treated as a discrete site. Only macrophyte (large aquatic plants) communities are described in detail. DAFOR scale is used to describe abundance. Detailed OS and handrawn maps. Bank profiles and vegetation structure are visually presented. Date Jan 1995 Site Name Cockhaise Brook, Section 6 TQ376262 Site Comment 500m stretch of river noting macrophytes and river profiles Copies Available EA, SWT
Survey Name A River Corridor Survey, River Ouse Catchment, Volume 2 - (2110)
Survey Author LEE DONALD ASSOCIATES Survey Comment A River Corridor Survey of the River Ouse Catchment. The catchment is split into 500m sections, each section is treated as a discrete site. Only macrophyte (large aquatic plants) communities are described in detail. DAFOR scale is used to describe abundance. Detailed OS and handrawn maps. Bank profiles and vegetation structure are visually presented. Date Jan 1995 Site Name Cockhaise Brook, Section 7 TQ374264 Site Comment 500m stretch of river noting macrophytes and river profiles Copies Available EA, SWT
Page 8 of 14 Copyright of this material remains the property of the Sussex Biodiversity Record Centre. Reproduction of this material is prohibited. Survey Name A River Corridor Survey, River Ouse Catchment, Volume 2 - (2110)
Survey Author LEE DONALD ASSOCIATES Survey Comment A River Corridor Survey of the River Ouse Catchment. The catchment is split into 500m sections, each section is treated as a discrete site. Only macrophyte (large aquatic plants) communities are described in detail. DAFOR scale is used to describe abundance. Detailed OS and handrawn maps. Bank profiles and vegetation structure are visually presented. Date Jan 1995 Site Name Cockhaise Brook, Section 8 TQ372265 Site Comment 500m stretch of river noting macrophytes and river profiles Copies Available EA, SWT
Survey Name A River Corridor Survey, River Ouse Catchment, Volume 2 - (2110)
Survey Author LEE DONALD ASSOCIATES Survey Comment A River Corridor Survey of the River Ouse Catchment. The catchment is split into 500m sections, each section is treated as a discrete site. Only macrophyte (large aquatic plants) communities are described in detail. DAFOR scale is used to describe abundance. Detailed OS and handrawn maps. Bank profiles and vegetation structure are visually presented. Date Jan 1995 Site Name Cockhaise Brook, Section 9 TQ371267 Site Comment 500m stretch of river noting macrophytes and river profiles Copies Available EA, SWT
Survey Name A River Corridor Survey, River Ouse Catchment, Volume 2 - (2110)
Survey Author LEE DONALD ASSOCIATES Survey Comment A River Corridor Survey of the River Ouse Catchment. The catchment is split into 500m sections, each section is treated as a discrete site. Only macrophyte (large aquatic plants) communities are described in detail. DAFOR scale is used to describe abundance. Detailed OS and handrawn maps. Bank profiles and vegetation structure are visually presented. Date Jan 1995 Site Name Cockhaise Brook, Section 10 TQ371271 Site Comment 500m stretch of river noting macrophytes and river profiles Copies Available EA, SWT
Page 9 of 14 Copyright of this material remains the property of the Sussex Biodiversity Record Centre. Reproduction of this material is prohibited. Survey Name A River Corridor Survey, River Ouse Catchment, Volume 2 - (2110)
Survey Author LEE DONALD ASSOCIATES Survey Comment A River Corridor Survey of the River Ouse Catchment. The catchment is split into 500m sections, each section is treated as a discrete site. Only macrophyte (large aquatic plants) communities are described in detail. DAFOR scale is used to describe abundance. Detailed OS and handrawn maps. Bank profiles and vegetation structure are visually presented. Date Jan 1995 Site Name Cockhaise Brook, Section 11 TQ370274 Site Comment 500m stretch of river noting macrophytes and river profiles Copies Available EA, SWT
Survey Name A River Corridor Survey, River Ouse Catchment, Volume 2 - (2110)
Survey Author LEE DONALD ASSOCIATES Survey Comment A River Corridor Survey of the River Ouse Catchment. The catchment is split into 500m sections, each section is treated as a discrete site. Only macrophyte (large aquatic plants) communities are described in detail. DAFOR scale is used to describe abundance. Detailed OS and handrawn maps. Bank profiles and vegetation structure are visually presented. Date Jan 1995 Site Name Cockhaise Brook, Section 12 TQ369276 Site Comment 500m stretch of river noting macrophytes and river profiles Copies Available EA, SWT
Survey Name A River Corridor Survey, River Ouse Catchment, Volume 2 - (2110)
Survey Author LEE DONALD ASSOCIATES Survey Comment A River Corridor Survey of the River Ouse Catchment. The catchment is split into 500m sections, each section is treated as a discrete site. Only macrophyte (large aquatic plants) communities are described in detail. DAFOR scale is used to describe abundance. Detailed OS and handrawn maps. Bank profiles and vegetation structure are visually presented. Date Jan 1995 Site Name Cockhaise Brook, Section 13 TQ366279 Site Comment Copies Available EA, SWT
Page 10 of 14 Copyright of this material remains the property of the Sussex Biodiversity Record Centre. Reproduction of this material is prohibited. Survey Name A River Corridor Survey, River Ouse Catchment, Volume 2 - (2110)
Survey Author LEE DONALD ASSOCIATES Survey Comment A River Corridor Survey of the River Ouse Catchment. The catchment is split into 500m sections, each section is treated as a discrete site. Only macrophyte (large aquatic plants) communities are described in detail. DAFOR scale is used to describe abundance. Detailed OS and handrawn maps. Bank profiles and vegetation structure are visually presented. Date Jan 1995 Site Name Cockhaise Brook, Section 14 TQ369280 Site Comment 500m stretch suveyed for macrophytes and river profile given. Copies Available EA, SWT
Survey Name A River Corridor Survey, River Ouse Catchment, Volume 2 - (2110)
Survey Author LEE DONALD ASSOCIATES Survey Comment A River Corridor Survey of the River Ouse Catchment. The catchment is split into 500m sections, each section is treated as a discrete site. Only macrophyte (large aquatic plants) communities are described in detail. DAFOR scale is used to describe abundance. Detailed OS and handrawn maps. Bank profiles and vegetation structure are visually presented. Date Jan 1995 Site Name Cockhaise Brook, Section 15 TQ366282 Site Comment Copies Available EA, SWT
Survey Name A River Corridor Survey, River Ouse Catchment, Volume 2 - (2110)
Survey Author LEE DONALD ASSOCIATES Survey Comment A River Corridor Survey of the River Ouse Catchment. The catchment is split into 500m sections, each section is treated as a discrete site. Only macrophyte (large aquatic plants) communities are described in detail. DAFOR scale is used to describe abundance. Detailed OS and handrawn maps. Bank profiles and vegetation structure are visually presented. Date Jan 1995 Site Name Cockhaise Brook, Section 16 TQ363284 Site Comment 500m stretch suveyed for macrophytes and river profile given Copies Available EA, SWT
Page 11 of 14 Copyright of this material remains the property of the Sussex Biodiversity Record Centre. Reproduction of this material is prohibited. Survey Name A River Corridor Survey, River Ouse Catchment, Volume 2 - (2110)
Survey Author LEE DONALD ASSOCIATES Survey Comment A River Corridor Survey of the River Ouse Catchment. The catchment is split into 500m sections, each section is treated as a discrete site. Only macrophyte (large aquatic plants) communities are described in detail. DAFOR scale is used to describe abundance. Detailed OS and handrawn maps. Bank profiles and vegetation structure are visually presented. Date Jan 1995 Site Name Cockhaise Brook, Section 17 TQ360285 Site Comment 500m stretch suveyed for macrophytes and river profile given Copies Available EA, SWT
Survey Name A River Corridor Survey, River Ouse Catchment, Volume 2 - (2110)
Survey Author LEE DONALD ASSOCIATES Survey Comment A River Corridor Survey of the River Ouse Catchment. The catchment is split into 500m sections, each section is treated as a discrete site. Only macrophyte (large aquatic plants) communities are described in detail. DAFOR scale is used to describe abundance. Detailed OS and handrawn maps. Bank profiles and vegetation structure are visually presented. Date Jan 1995 Site Name Cockhaise Brook, Section 18 TQ366286 Site Comment 500m stretch suveyed for macrophytes and river profile given Copies Available EA, SWT
Survey Name A River Corridor Survey, River Ouse Catchment, Volume 2 - (2110)
Survey Author LEE DONALD ASSOCIATES Survey Comment A River Corridor Survey of the River Ouse Catchment. The catchment is split into 500m sections, each section is treated as a discrete site. Only macrophyte (large aquatic plants) communities are described in detail. DAFOR scale is used to describe abundance. Detailed OS and handrawn maps. Bank profiles and vegetation structure are visually presented. Date Jan 1995 Site Name Cockhaise Brook, Section 19 TQ367288 Site Comment 500m stretch suveyed for macrophytes and river profile given Copies Available EA, SWT
Page 12 of 14 Copyright of this material remains the property of the Sussex Biodiversity Record Centre. Reproduction of this material is prohibited. Survey Name Biodiversity Audit of West Sussex Mineral Sites - (1516)
Survey Author RYLAND, Kate Survey Comment Data collation exercise to assess biodiversity and earth science interest of 58 mineral sites. Gives current status of each site and suggests future programme of site visits and surveys. Date - Site Name Freshfield Lane Brick Works TPA, Horsted Keynes - MS21 TQ385263 Site Comment Site active for long term. High geological interest. Area to north comprises woodland and open water believed of interest for birds and odonata. Copies Available WSCC
Page 13 of 14 Copyright of this material remains the property of the Sussex Biodiversity Record Centre. Reproduction of this material is prohibited. Glossary of Abbreviations
Organisations:
BBCS British Butterfly Conservation Society www.sussex-butterflies.org.uk (now Butterfly Conservation) BMONH Booth Museum of Natural History Tel: 03000 290900 BSBI Botanical Society of the British Isles www.bsbi.org.uk BTO British Trust for Ornithology Tel: 01842 750050 EA Environment Agency Tel: 08708 506506 (Southern Regional Office) EN English Nature (now Natural England) Tel: 03000 600 300 (Sussex Team) ESCC East Sussex County Council Tel: 01273 481621 (County Ecologist) FC Forestry Commission Tel: 01420 23337 (SE England) FWAG Farming and Wildlife Advisory Group Tel: 01273 891190 (Sussex Area) NCC Nature Conservancy Council (now NE) Contact NE NE Natural England Tel: 03000 600 300 (Sussex Team) NRA National Rivers Authority (now EA) Contact EA NT National Trust Tel: 01372 453401 (South East Office) RSPB Royal Society for the Protection of Birds Tel: 01273 775333 (SE Regional Office) SBRS Sussex Botanical Recording Society www.sussexflora.org.uk SOS Sussex Ornithological Society www.sos.org.uk SxBRC Sussex Biodiversity Record Centre Tel: 01273 497521 SxWT/SWT Sussex Wildlife Trust Tel: 01273 492630 WSCC West Sussex County Council Tel: 01243 756691 (County Ecologist)
Designations:
AONB Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty COGS County Geological/Geomorphological Site LNR Local Nature Reserve NNR National Nature Reserve NP National Park RAMSAR RAMSAR (internationally important wetlands) RIGS Regionally Important Geological/Geomorphological Site SAC Special Area of Conservation SNCI Site of Nature Conservation Importance SPA Special Protection Area SSSI Site of Special Scientific Interest
Surveys:
Phase I A broad habitat survey with a dominant species list and land use information. Phase II Mapping of vegetation communities with species lists and abundance/distribution. Phase III A detailed survey including ecological processes and long term monitoring information. NVC National Vegetation Classification.
Page 14 of 14 Copyright of this material remains the property of the Sussex Biodiversity Record Centre. Reproduction of this material is prohibited. MAP CITATION SHEETS LOCAL WILDLIFE SITE (LWS)
Formally known as Site of Nature Conservation Importance (SNCI)
A Local Wildlife Site (LWS) is a non‐statutory designation which is identified at a county level. They typically form a network of sites that are recognised to be of local conservation importance and are often included in Local Authority development plans.
There are many sites within East and West Sussex and Brighton and Hove that are not recognised under the national designation of SSSI (Site of Special Scientific Interest) but are of considerable wildlife value due to the special interest of their flora or fauna. In May 1990 a Sussex‐wide project was instigated to identify which non‐designated sites were important for wildlife. The selected sites are now known as Local Wildlife Sites. The aim of this identification was to protect such sites from land management changes, which may lessen their nature conservation interest, and to encourage sensitive management to maintain and enhance their importance.
Sites within both rural and urban areas were considered but the evaluation process considers two types of site under slightly different criteria:
Rural sites, that may contain habitats such as heathland or ancient woodland, must be of county‐wide importance. Urban sites must recognise the importance to safeguard important urban wildlife sites, to link all significant greenspaces and to ensure that people in towns have easy access to wildlife areas.
After extensive survey work, the selection of LWS was made by a panel of expert ecologists. This panel included representatives from the relevant County Council, English Nature (now Natural England) and the Sussex Wildlife Trust. A range of specialists with either specific species knowledge or a sound knowledge of the county’s ecology were also involved with the selection process. Assessment and identification of LWS is a continuing process with new sites being identified and others deleted as ecological knowledge of the total resource and specific sites increase.
In West Sussex LWS selection is steered by the County Council, whereas in East Sussex it is steered by the District/Borough Councils. Currently there are over 600 LWS in Sussex.
Although LWS have no statutory protection they need to be considered in the planning process through Planning Policy Guidance such as PPG9 which refers to the Town & Country Planning Act 1990 Section 30. This states that nature conservation issues should be included in the surveys of local authority areas to ensure that the plans are based on fully adequate information about local species, habitats, geology and landform. Plans should be concerned not only with designated areas but also with other land of conservation value and the possible provision of new habitats.
LWS citations outline the characteristics of the area based on its semi‐natural vegetation and the underlying geology and are in three main sections :‐
Summary which highlights the nature conservation importance of the site Site description or site notes which gives further descriptive details about the site and its associated species Management recommendations which give a brief indication of the type of management that would best maintain the nature conservation interest of the site.
It is important to realise that classification as a LWS in no way reduces the value of other wildlife sites. Sites of LWS quality may not have been surveyed for various reasons. All areas of semi‐natural vegetation are important to wildlife. Many rare plants and animals occur in seemingly otherwise uninteresting sites and may be overlooked by the survey. SITE OF NATURE CONSERVATION IMPORTANCE (SNCI)
West Sussex
Site Name: Horsted House Farm Marsh Site Ref: M04 Owner: Private District: Mid Sussex Size (ha): 1.7 Parish: Horsted Keynes Date: Identified May 1992 National Grid Ref: TQ368291 Author: Marion Finch Habitat: Fen and scrub
Summary An area of marshy ground, dominated by a tall herb swamp/fen type community and bordered to the west by a stream. The site is a good example of this community which has been reduced in extent throughout the county by drainage.
Site description The drier, northern part of the site is an abandoned field which has become colonised by tall herb species. Drier areas support fine grasses such as Fescues (Festuca sp.) and herbs, such as Agrimony (Agrimonia eupatoria), Yarrow (Achillea millefolium), Primrose (Primula vulgaris), Common Knapweed (Centaurea nigra) and Bugle (Ajuga reptans), but Meadowsweet (Filipendula ulmaria), Marsh Horsetail (Equisetum palustre), Hairy Willowherb (Epilobium hirsutum), Thistles (Cirsium spp.) and Ragwort (Senecio jacobaea) are widespread. The site slopes to the south and west, and lower-laying areas are damper, dominated by Meadowsweet, Hairy Willowherb, Hemlock Water-dropwort (Oenanthe crocata) and Cleavers (Galium aparine). Wet ground is characterised by species such as Marsh Marigold (Caltha palustris), Water Mint (Mentha aquatica), Marsh Bedstraw (Galium palustre), Sharp-flowered Rush (Juncus acutifolius), Common Sedge (Carex nigra) and Wood Club-rush (Scirpus sylvaticus). There is a herb-rich area on a dry bank which supports Yellow Rattle (Rhinanthus minor), Pepper Saxifrage (Silaum silaus) and Creeping Cinquefoil (Potentilla reptans). The stream is lined with Alder and some Ash.
Management recommendations The site is unmanaged, except for pheasant feeding. Lack of grazing or mowing means scrub is spreading from the stream and the vegetation is becoming rough. Scrub should be controlled and the site cut annually; all cuttings should be removed.
SITE OF NATURE CONSERVATION IMPORTANCE (SNCI)
West Sussex
Site Name: Birchgrove Fish Ponds Site Ref: M05 Owner: Private District: Mid Sussex Size (ha): 10.3 Parish: Horsted Keynes Date: Identified May 1992 National Grid Ref: TQ385294 Author: Marion Finch Habitat: Lakes, ponds and semi-natural woodlands
Summary The site consists of a series of angling ponds which form part of a much larger network of ponds and lakes. They generally have well-developed marginal and aquatic vegetation, and are surrounded by old coppiced woodland with a rich ground flora.
Site description The small ponds are linked by a stream and are generally similar, except where recent maintenance has disturbed the vegetation. Common Reedmace (Typha latifolia), Branched Bur-reed (Sparganium erectum), Yellow Flag (Iris pseudacorus), Pond Sedge (Carex riparia) and Soft Rush (Juncus effusus) commonly occur as marginal vegetation, and damp areas on the banks have species such as Marsh Marigold (Caltha palustris), Water Mint (Mentha aquatica), Brooklime (Veronica beccabunga), Hemlock Water-dropwort (Oenanthe crocata) and Lesser Spearwort (Ranunculus flammula). Aquatic species includes Canadian Pondweed (Elodea canadensis) and Starwort (Callitriche sp.). Areas between ponds are often marshy. The large lake has a reedbed at its eastern end, but little obvious marginal or floating vegetation. Alder Plat is an area of dense, storm-damaged Alder woodland, growing over Bramble (Rubus fruticosus), Pendulous Sedge (Carex pendula) and Soft Rush. The wooded margins of the ponds are mostly overgrown Birch, Hazel and Willow coppice with Oak Standards. Hornbeam, Elder and Blackthorn are occasional. The ground flora is extremely diverse, with many species indicative of ancient woodland, including Bluebell (Hyacinthoides non-scripta), Yellow Archangel (Lamiastrum galeobdolon), Wood Spurge (Euphorbia amygdaloides) and Primrose (Primula vulgaris).
Management recommendations The ponds are used and managed for angling. This does not appear to have impaired their value for wildlife. It would be advantageous to reduce disturbance through maintenance to a minimum and to leave the wooded margins intact.
SITE OF SPECIAL SCIENTIFIC INTEREST (SSSI)
Sites of Special Scientific Interest (SSSIs) are areas notified under the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981, as being of special interest for nature conservation. They represent the finest sites for wildlife and natural features supporting many characteristic, rare and endangered species, habitats and natural features. Notification as a SSSI is primarily a legal mechanism organised by Natural England and selected according to specific scientific criteria. The Guidelines for the Selection of Biological SSSIs, published in 1989 by the Joint Nature Conservation Council, set down the selection criteria for both biological and geological SSSIs.
Biological SSSIs form a national network of wildlife sites. Sites are selected in such a way that the protection of each site, and hence the network, aims to conserve the minimum area of wildlife habitat necessary to maintain the natural diversity and distribution of Britain’s native flora and fauna and the communities they comprise. Each site, therefore, is of national significance for its nature conservation value.
Geological SSSIs are sites chosen for their research value, the criterion being that they are of national or international importance. Geological conservation is concerned with the maintenance of our geological and geomorphological heritage.
There are over 4,000 SSSIs in England of which just under 150 are in Sussex. Natural England is responsible for identifying and protecting these sites. This is achieved, primarily, in partnership with SSSI owners and managers, and as a result the majority are in good condition and well managed.
Ever growing pressures on our landscape and countryside mean that SSSIs are an increasingly precious part of our natural heritage. Damaging SSSIs is unacceptable, either in the short or long term, and must be avoided if they are to remain the finest wildlife and natural heritage sites in England. Once lost, the special interest of a site may be difficult or impossible to restore or recreate. Owners and occupiers (i.e. landowners, tenants and commoners) of SSSIs must give Natural England written notice before initiating any operations likely to damage the site, or allowing someone else to carry out these activities. None of the operations listed in the notification documents may proceed without Natural England’s consent.
Under the Countryside and Rights of Way Act 2000 (CROW) anyone who intentionally or recklessly destroys or damages any of the flora, fauna or geological or physiological features of an SSSI is guilty of an offence. They are liable, on summary conviction, of a fine of up to £20,000.
For more information on SSSIs visit the Natural England website.
SITE OF SPECIAL SCIENTIFIC INTEREST (SSSI)
Site Name: Freshfield Lane County: West Sussex District: Mid Sussex Local Planning Authority: Mid Sussex District Council Size: 16.77 hectares (41.44 acres) National Grid Ref: TQ382266 / TQ387265 Date Notified (Under 1949 Act): - Date of last revision: - Date Notified (Under 1981 Act): 1999 Date of last revision: - Other Information: A Geological Conservation Review (GCR) site. Natural Area: Low Weald.
Reason for Notification The Freshfield Lane Brickworks is a working quarry about two kilometres south of Horsted Keynes. The pit provides exposures of the Upper Wadhurst Clay Formation (Lower Hastings Beds Group) and Lower Tunbridge Wells Sand, Grinstead Clay and Basal Upper Tunbridge Wells Sand Formations (Upper Hastings Beds Group), of Lower Cretaceous, Wealden age. The Upper Wadhurst Formation comprises 15m of dark grey laminated mudstones with thin lenticular siltstones and bioclastic limestones containing a fauna of bivalves, gastropods and ostracods. The High Brooms Soil Bed consists of two soil beds developed within the top 8 metres of the formation. They contain rhizomes and rootlets of the pteridophyte Equisetum lyellii in inferred growth position. The top 6 metres of the formation consist of varicoloured red, green and grey clays regarded as having a pedogenic origin. Within this horizon a thin sharp-based sandstone contains a well preserved vertebrate fauna. Much of the overlying Lower Tunbridge Wells Formation is unexposed. The Top Lower Tunbridge Wells Pebble Bed is seen, and contains extrabasinal Precambrian, Palaeozoic and Mesozoic clasts. This part of the succession represents the shallowing of the lake followed by the development of a fluvial plain resulting from uplift taking place in the London area. Above the Lower Tunbridge Wells Formation, the upper and lower members of the Grinstead Clay Formation enclose the Cuckfield Stone Member. This is followed by a sandstone forming the lowest part of the Upper Tunbridge Wells Sand Formation. The Grinstead Clay represents a return to lacustrine conditions. The Cuckfield Stone consists of trough cross- bedded sandstone and represents an erosive fluvial channel cut into the underlying lake muds of the lower Grinstead Clay. Colour mottling in the upper part of the upper Grinstead Clay reflects the re-establishment of intermittent emergence and the establishment of a lagoonal or alluvial plain – the deposition of the Upper Tunbridge Wells Formation reflecting the reactivation of uplift in the London area and the re- establishment of a fluvial plain. The section, while largely complete from the upper Wadhurst Clay to basal Upper Tunbridge Wells Formation, is complicated by faulting and cambering. Nevertheless, it is internationally important for palaeoenvironmental, provenance and palaeogeographical studies and provides extensive sections throughout two of the Wealden sedimentary megacycles.
SITE OF SPECIAL SCIENTIFIC INTEREST (SSSI)
Operations likely to damage the special interest
Site name: Freshfield Lane (OLD2000389)
Ref. No. Type of operation
7. Dumping, spreading or discharge of any materials. 12. Tree and/or woodland management+ and changes in tree and/or woodland management+. 14. The changing of water levels and tables and water utilisation (including irrigation, storage and abstraction from existing water bodies and through boreholes). 20. Extraction of minerals, including shingle, sand and gravel, topsoil, subsoil, shells and spoil. 21. Construction, removal or destruction of roads, tracks, walls, fences, hardstands, banks, ditches or other earthworks, or the laying, maintenance or removal of pipelines and cables, above or below ground. 22. Storage of materials. 23. Erection of permanent or temporary structures, or the undertaking of engineering works, including drilling. 24a. Modification of natural or man-made features and clearnace of boulders, large stones, loose rock or scree. 24b. Battering, buttressing or grading or seeding of geological exposures. Infilling of pits or quarries.
KEY NATIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL SITE DESIGNATIONS
National Nature Reserve (NNR) National Nature Reserves are statutory reserves established under the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981. NNRs may be owned by the relevant national body (e.g. Natural England in England) or established by agreement. A few are owned and managed by non‐statutory bodies, for example the Sussex Wildlife Trust. NNRs cover a selection of the most important sites for nature conservation in the UK. There are six NNRs in Sussex.
Special Area of Conservation (SAC) Special Areas of Conservation are sites designated by Member States under the EC Habitats Directive. The aim is to establish a European network of important high quality conservation sites that will make a significant contribution to conserving habitats and species considered to be most in need of conservation at a European level. There are 12 SAC sites in Sussex.
Special Protection Area (SPA) Special Protection Areas are designated under the EC Birds Directive, to conserve the habitat of certain rare or vulnerable birds and regularly occurring migratory birds. Any significant pollution or disturbance to or deterioration of these sites has to be avoided. All SPAs are also designated as SSSIs. There are six SPA sites in Sussex.
Ramsar Ramsar sites are designated under the Convention on Wetlands of International Importance. Under the Convention, each government must select its best wetlands according to very clear criteria, which include: a wetland that regularly supports 20,000 or more waterbirds; a wetland that regularly supports 1% of the individuals in a population of one species or subspecies of waterbird. Wetlands are broadly defined to include marsh, fen, peatland and water. All designated Ramsar sites are also designated as SSSIs.There are four Ramsar sites in Sussex.
National Park National Parks are beautiful, spectacular and often dramatic expanses of countryside. In the UK people live and work in the National Parks and the farms, villages and towns are protected along with the landscape and wildlife. They differ from Areas of Outstanding Natural Beauty (AONBs) in that each National Park has its own authority for planning control and other services. The creation of the South Downs National Park (SDNP) was confirmed on 12th November 2009 and came into being on 1st April 2010. Further information can be found on the SDNP Authority website.
Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty (AONB) Areas of Outstanding Natural Beauty are areas of high scenic quality that have statutory protection in order to conserve and enhance the natural beauty of their landscapes. They differ from National Parks in their more limited opportunities for extensive outdoor recreation and by the way they are managed. AONBs are designated by Natural England under the Countryside and Rights of Way Act 2000. There are two AONBs in Sussex covering approx. 114,000 hectares; Chichester Harbour and High Weald. Each has an associated body concerned with the area’s conservation: Chichester Harbour Conservancy www.conservancy.co.uk High Weald AONB Unit www.highweald.org
Marine Conservation Zone (MCZ) MCZs protect a range of nationally important marine wildlife, habitats, geology and geomorphology. In November 2013 27 MCZs were designated in English inshore and English and Welsh offshore waters in the first tranche of sites. Three of these sites were designated off Sussex; Kingmere, Beachy Head West and Pagham Harbour. More MCZs will be designated in future rounds or ‘tranches’, although it is uncertain how many. Further information can be found on the JNCC website. Local Nature Reserve (LNR) Local Nature Reserves are for both people and wildlife. All district and county councils have powers to acquire, declare and manage LNRs. To qualify for LNR status, a site must be of importance for wildlife, geology, education or public enjoyment. Some are also SSSIs. There are 36 LNRs in Sussex.
Country Park Country Parks were established as a result of the 1968 Countryside Act to provide a wide range of opportunities for recreation, health, education and improve the quality of life for local communities. Natural England recognises Country Parks as significant places that contribute to England's accessible natural green space. There are 11 Country Parks in Sussex, the details of which can be obtained from the local authorities.
Local Geological Site (LGS) Previously known as Regionally Important Geological/Geomorphological Sites (RIGGS), LGS are non‐statutory designations that have been identified by local geodiversity groups as being of importance. There are over 120 LGS in Sussex which have been assessed by the Sussex Geodiversity Partnership. The features identified as being important become a material consideration in any future development, and should be taken into account by the relevant local authority. A selection of LGS with public access in Sussex can be viewed on the Sussex Geodiversity Partnership’s website.
Marine Site of Nature Conservation Importance (MSNCI) Marine Sites of Nature Conservation Importance are non‐statutory sites identified on account of the special interest of their marine habitats, the fauna and flora, or for unusual geological and geomorphological features. They are an extension of the series of terrestrial SNCIs. The identification of these sites is to highlight their importance for marine wildlife and to emphasise the risks of certain operations damaging their interest. There are 23 MSNCIs off the Sussex coast.
Environmental Stewardship Environmental Stewardship is an agri‐environment scheme managed by Natural England that provides funding to farmers and other land managers to deliver effective environmental management. There are four elements to Environmental Stewardship, three of which are relevant in Sussex: Entry Level Stewardship (ELS) goes beyond the Single Payment Scheme requirement to maintain land in good agricultural and environmental condition. Organic Entry Level Stewardship (OELS) is the organic strand of ELS. It is geared to organic and organic/conventional mixed farming systems and is open to all farmers not receiving Organic Farming Scheme aid. Higher Level Stewardship (HLS) involves more complex types of management where agreements are tailored to local circumstances. Further information can be found on the Natural England website.
Further information on many of the designations listed above can be found on the Natural England website.
West Sussex Local Geological Site (LGS) Survey 2012
Condition Monitoring Form for NI 197 Reporting Woods Mill, Henfield, West Sussex BN5 9SD. Tel: 01273 497521 Email: [email protected] Website: www.sxbrc.org.uk
1. Site Information Site Name & LGS ID Freshfield Lane Brickworks TQ32/02 Site Type EA Grid Reference TQ386264 Date of Visit 29/11/2012 Local Authority Surveyor Peter Anderton Landowner Michelmersh Brick Holdings plc 1:50,000 BGS Sheet no. 302 1:25,000 OS Sheet no. 135 LGS designation Scientific X Educational X Aesthetic Historical Interest Feature(s): Two active clay quarries. The upper pit (450m x 250m) is excavated mainly in the Tunbridge Wells Sand Formation with faces from 3 to 15m high. A NW-SE trending fault runs through the middle of the pit. The smaller lower pit (100m x 100m) is excavated in the upper Wadhurst Clay Formation with a main face 15m high. Additional small-scale faulting occurs between the two pits. The strata are also disturbed by Pleistocene valley bulging producing a local anticline. A complete sequence has been described from upper Wadhurst Clay to Upper Tunbridge Wells Sand. Stratigraphy: Wadhurst Clay and Tunbridge Wells Sand Formations, Wealden Group, Lower Cretaceous (Valanginian) in age. Tunbridge Wells Sand Formation comprises the Lower Tunbridge Wells Sand unit with the Ardingly Sandstone Member at top, the Grinstead Clay Member including Cuckfield Stone in the middle of the unit, and the Upper Tunbridge Wells Sand unit. The clay formations were deposited in non-marine (freshwater to brackish) lacustrine or lagoonal environments. The sand formations were deposited in distal fluvial environments. Sedimentology: Wadhurst Clay: dark and pale grey mudstones with subordinate silty beds. Brown mudstones occur towards the top and reddish staining is evident at the top. A thin fossiliferous sandstone occurs towards the top. Lower Tunbridge Wells Sand unit: iron-stained sandy mudstones and sandstones overlying the top Wadhurst Clay. Massive sandstone (Ardingly Sandstone member) at top. Lower Grinstead Clay: grey clays Cuckfield Stone: fine-grained sandstones Upper Grinstead Clay: grey, fawn and red mudstones Upper Tunbridge Wells Sand unit: pale siltstones,flaggy to massive, fine-grained sandstones (some iron-stained) and green, brown, grey, yellow and red-mottled mudstones Sedimentary structures: Ripple bedding can be seen at the top of the Ardingly Sandstone. Cross-bedding can be seen in the Cuckfield Stone. Soft sediment deformation has been observed in the Upper Tunbridge Wells Sand unit. Palaeontology: The palaeontology is diverse. Wadhurst Clay: Bivalves: Cyrena and Unio.Gastropods: Viviparus.Ostracods. Fish: Lepidotes, Hybodus, Reptiles: turtle, crocodile. Plants: Equisitites. Insects: Trichoptera. Trace fossils. Upper Tunbridge Wells Sand: Bivalves, Unio. Gastropods, Viviparus. Fish: Lepidotes. Plants and fusain (charcoal). Structural geology: a primary fault runs NE-SW across the NW part of the upper pit and subsidiary faults extend into the area between the upper and lower pits. An anticlinal structure has formed locally due to valley bulging in the thick Wadhurst Clay and some of the faulting may be related to this. The deepest part of the lower pit, now flooded, used to expose the core of the anticline with steep dips and tight folding. Brickmaking: Separate stockpiles of blue clay (Wadhurst), brown clay (Upper Tunbridge Wells Sand)) and rocky bits clay (Lower Tunbridge Wells Sand). Smaller stockpile of purest dark grey clay (Wadhurst) is used to mix with impure clays at other sites.
Previous management and dates (if any)
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2. Primary Factors Is (are) the feature(s) exposed? Y If No, can it (they) practically be re-exposed? Is (are) the feature(s) being affected by the following factors? Factor Y/N Comments Vegetation N Scree/Mass Movement Y The slopes in both pits are prone to slumping Flooding Y The base of the lower pit is partially flooded Dumping/Landfill N Quarrying/Engineering Works Both pits are being worked so new exposures are continually being Y revealed. Bedrock feature Development (housing/industrial) N Others (please define) – The flooded SW end of the lower pit has been retained as a lake and the Restoration/landscaping Y sides have been landscaped and planted with trees. This work will continue to the NE as quarrying progresses. Is (are) the feature(s) exposed? N/A If No, can it (they) practically be re-exposed? Is (are) the feature(s) being affected by the following factors? Vegetation (Trees or crop planting)
Agricultural practices (deep ploughing) Quarrying/Engineering Works feature Development (housing/industrial)
Superficial deposit deposit Superficial Others (please define) -
Is (are) the geomorphological feature(s) being allowed to evolve naturally? N/A
Is (are) the feature(s) being affected by the following factors? Vegetation Sea Defences River Management Ground Stabilisation (slopes/sand dunes) Water level change Development (housing/industrial)
Geomorphology feature Geomorphology Others (please define) –
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3. Secondary Factors Factors that do not directly affect the feature(s) but may need to be managed in order for feature(s) to maintain a desirable condition Factor Y/N Comments Are any of the following causing difficulties in accessing the site?
Physical obstacles Y The pit floor is very muddy and the lower pit is partially flooded Landowner permissions N Protected species/habitats N
Site access access Site Other (please define)
Are any of the following in an undesirable condition?
Interpretation Boards N/A
Benches/Fences/Gates N
Earthworks N/A Furniture Furniture
Other (please define)
Are there any other features of interest that should be considered?
Biodiversity N
Historic Environment N
Other features features Other Other (please define)
4. Site Status Overall, is the site in a desirable condition for use(s) of the feature(s) Yes / No / Uncertain identified? If Yes - what management is required (if any) for the feature(s) to maintain a desirable condition:
No management is required as the quarry is active and exposures are visible and accessible at present. As these pits show a complete sequence from upper Wadhurst Clay through the Upper Tunbridge Wells Sand and also display unusual structural features it would be desirable to retain some key exposures at the end of quarrying.
For the above, is the management: Being undertaken / Going to be undertaken / Not going to be undertaken / Not possible If Uncertain or No - what management is required for the feature(s) to reach and maintain a desirable condition:
For the above, is the management: Being undertaken / Going to be undertaken / Not going to be undertaken / Not possible
Are there any secondary factors that need further management? Yes / No / Not applicable Suggested management in order for the feature(s) to reach/maintain a desirable condition:
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5. Supplementary Information – Natural England
Freshfield Lane is an SSSI designated by Natural England.
Freshfield Lane Brickworks site includes Unit 1 of the SSSI. This is split into two areas, one covering the upper pit and one covering the western inactive part of the lower pit but not the currently active eastern part. The citation is for its geological value and it is classified by Natural England as a geological site. The latest condition assessment was in 2009 and a summary is shown below.
Team - South East - Eastern Area - SSSI name - Freshfield Lane Staff member responsible for site - Amy Francis District Main Staff Unit Unit ID Unit Latest Assessment Condition assessment comment habitat member number area assessment description responsible (ha) date for unit Mid Earth Amy 1 1025680 17.00 22 Dec Favourable Upper Pit – This is still being worked and features are exposed. Sussex heritage Francis 2009 Lower Pit – this is now water filled although extraction has begun to the east of the area marked as SSSI on the map. Whilst the faces are visible in the upper part it is difficult to examine these. This area is unsafe due to depth of water. Upper Pit – No vegetation obscuring exposure. Lower Pit – some vegetation present on face but exposure access limited. Some build up of scree and collapse of faces, especially in lower pit. Overall, the exposures in the upper pit are clear and there is good access to faces of interest. There is some collapse of faces along the northern edge but this unavoidable due to the clay present. It is an active pit and there is no problem with vegetation. In the case of the lower pit, this area is not worked although there has been an extension opened to the east for extraction of Wadhurst blue clay. The lower pit is not easily accessible due to the depth of water and the sloping clay sides. Exposures are visible in the upper part of the face but can only be examined with extreme care. The lower part is obscured by collapse and profiling of slope. The extension into the clay will allow new material to be examined. Site visit made by Berks Geoconservation Group on behalf of Natural England.
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Site Map
Regionally Important Geological/Geomorphological Sites [RIGGS] data is maintained by SxBRC on behalf of the Sussex Geodiversity Group. © Crown Copyright. All rights reserved 2012.
RGB Aerial Photography - ©GeoPerspectives, 2007. [WSCC]
This map is based upon or reproduced from Ordnance Survey material with the permission of Ordnance Survey on behalf of the Controller of Her Majesty’s Stationery Office © Crown Copyright. All Rights Reserved. Unauthorised reproduction infringes Crown copyright and may lead to prosecution or other civil proceedings. West Sussex County Council 100023447.2012 Natural England 100046223. 2012 Sussex Wildlife Trust 100025883. 2012
Page 5 of 12 Photos
1. Upper pit from kiln site. Exposes mainly Upper Tunbridge Wells Sand unit. A 2. Left (NW) side of upper pit exposing Upper Tunbridge Wells Sand unit and primary fault sub-parallel to the left (NW) edge runs along the left (NW) part of probably Cuckfield Stone on the upthrown side of the primary fault. Grid ref. the quarry floor. Grid ref. 38532636. Direction NE. 38512638. Direction north.
3. NW face of upper pit up to 6m high exposing Upper Tunbridge Wells Sand unit to 4. Closer view of NW face of upper pit exposing Upper Tunbridge Wells Sand unit with the left and probably Cuckfield Stone overlying lower Grinstead Clay to the right, mudstones and silts of varying colours (light grey, yellow, red, purple) and some sandy separated by a subsidiary fault. Grid ref. 38592641. Direction NNW. layers. The beds appear to terminate to the right against a fault. 1m pole for scale. Grid ref. 38572648. Direction NNW. Page 6 of 12
5. Closer view of NW face of upper pit to right of photo 4 probably exposing 6. Part of NW face of upper pit up to 7m high towards top of upper pit probably exposing Cuckfield Stone overlying lower Grinstead Clay. Grid ref. 38572648. Direction Lower Tunbridge Wells Sand unit with sands and silty beds. The Ardingly Sandstone which NNE. caps this unit has probably been removed. Grid ref. 38732657. Direction NNW.
7. Bench about 3m high across centre of upper pit apparently exposing Upper 8. Close-up of NW end of face shown in photo 7 exposing dipping sandstone and Tunbridge Wells Sand unit. Dip at left (NW) end may be related to faulting or clay beds in Upper Tunbridge Wells Sand unit. Dip may be related to faulting or valley bulging. Grid ref 38722656. Direction ENE. valley bulging. 1m pole for scale. Grid ref. 38742658. Direction NE.
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9. Head of upper pit showing fault zone with Lower Tunbridge Sand unit on left 10. Upper pit from head, mainly exposing Upper Tunbridge Wells Sand unit. Grid ref. (NW) and Upper Tunbridge Wells Sand unit on right. Dip is towards the left and 38882660. Direction SW. steepens towards the fault zone. Grid ref. 38812659. Direction NE.
11. NW side of upper pit from head. The fault zone is marked by the change across 12. SE side of upper pit showing SE face and benches perpendicular to the face the pit floor from clay (Upper Tunbridge Wells Sand unit) at left (SE) to clay with extending out into the quarry centre. Grid ref. 38532636. Direction ENE. numerous sandstone fragments (Lower Tunbridge Wells Sand unit) at right (NW). Grid ref. 38882660. Direction WSW.
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13. Two benches at SE side of upper pit. The bench at front is about 3m high and the 14. Close-up of front bench in photo 13 exposing clays and siltstones of the Upper bench at back is about 4.5m high. Grid ref. 38762649. Direction NE. Tunbridge Wells Sand unit. 1m pole for scale. Grid ref. 38792653. Direction NE.
15. Part of bench at back in photo 13 exposing clays of Upper Tunbridge Wells Sand 16. Massive sandstone bed in Upper Tunbridge Wells Sand unit exposed at top of unit with a massive sandstone bed at the top. The sandstone bed is offset by a bench shown in photo 15. 1m pole for scale. Grid ref. 38842652. Direction east. fault downthrown to the right (SE). Grid ref. 38812652. Direction NE.
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17. Four parallel benches at SE side of upper pit extending towards the pit centre 18. Inactive SE face of upper pit up to 15m high exposing Upper Tunbridge Wells and exposing Upper Tunbridge Wells Sand unit. The two closer benches expose Sand unit comprising grey, brown and greenish clays with interbedded siltsones grey to greenish clays. Grid ref. 38722946. Direction NE. and sandstones. Grid ref. 38722946. Direction ENE.
19. Closer view of part of inactive partly vegetated SE face of upper pit about 12m 20. Wall near lower pit built from sandstone blocks, probably from the Ardingly high exposing Upper Tunbridge Wells Sand unit comprising grey, brown and Sandstone member. Grid ref. 38202660. Direction SE. greenish clays with interbedded siltsones and sandstones. Grid ref. 38682642. Direction SE.
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21. Active main face at NE end of lower pit about 15m high exposing pale grey, dark grey and 22. NE end of lower pit: active main face to right (west) and landscaped face to left brown clays of the Wadhurst Clay Formation. Higher bench exposes the transition from (east) Reddish coloured clay appears near the top of the main face (close to Wadhurst Clay to Lower Tunbridge Wells Sand unit. Dip is due to valley bulging and shows formation top). Grid ref. 38302669. Direction NNW. the upper part of the anticline. Grid ref. 38272665. Direction NNE.
23. Upper bench in lower pit (faces 3 to 4m high) exposing the transition from Wadhurst Clay to 24. SW end of lower pit now flooded to form a pond with landscaped slopes and Lower Tunbridge Wells Sand unit. Blocks of thin fossiliferous calcareous sandstone in trees. The deepest part of the pit originally exposed the core of the valley bulge centre are from a bed near the top of the Wadhurst Clay. Grid ref. 38332671. Direction NW. anticline with steep dips and tight folding. Grid ref. 38332671. Direction SW.
Page 11 of 12 ANCIENT & VETERAN TREES
Ancient trees form a vital part of our landscape, heritage and biodiversity. They are scattered through most parts of the UK landscape where they are found in exceptionally large numbers compared with north east Europe. Ancient trees can be most easily found in the vestiges of the once extensive Royal Hunting Forests, such as Ashdown Forest, and medieval parks. Others occur in historic parkland, landscaped gardens, woodland, wood pasture and ancient wooded commons. There are also small groups and individual trees scattered around housing estates, urban parks, village greens and churchyards. Some ancient trees are found on farmland, usually in hedgerows or old boundary features.
In Sussex, some of the largest recorded girths belong to: the Queen Elizabeth oak of 12.67m at Cowdray Park, a yew of 8.5m in Wilmington churchyard; a beech of 8.4m on Ashdown Forest; and a sweet chestnut of 7.2m at Herstmonceux Castle.
There are different definitions for mature trees, depending mainly on their stage of life:
Ancient trees. Biologically, aesthetically or culturally interesting because of their great age; In ancient or post‐mature stage of life; Have a large girth relative to others of the same species.
Veteran trees. Usually in the second or mature stage of life; Have important wildlife and habitat features including hollowing or associated decay fungi, holes, wounds and large dead branches.
Notable trees. Locally important or of significance to the community; Specimen trees or considered to be the potential next generation of veteran trees.
Ancient tree ecology Ancient trees are unique as a wildlife habitat because of the exceptionally species‐rich communities associated with wood decay and the bare surfaces of trunks, bough and roots. Clusters of ancient trees are even more important because together they offer a wide range of niche homes for many specialist species in one small area.
Approximately 1,700 (6%) invertebrate species in the British Isles are dependent on decaying wood to complete their life cycles. Species associated with decaying wood include: rare click beetles such as the violet click beetle Limoniscus violaceus, the wasp mimic cranefly Ctenophora flaveolata and the oak longhorn beetle Rhagium mordax. The black‐ headed cardinal beetle Pyrochroa coccinea is an insect associated with veteran trees and old growth woodland.
Old trees with splits, cracks, loose bark, holes and crevices are especially attractive to bats and in particular to woodland specialists such as the rare Barbastelle and Bechstein’s bat.
The Ancient Tree Hunt The Ancient Tree Hunt is a nationwide search to map all of the old trees in the UK in order to plan for their active conservation. This project, led by the Woodland Trust in partnership with the Ancient Tree Forum and Tree Register of the British Isles, was launched in 2007.
Most of the trees recorded can be viewed on their website: www.ancient‐tree‐hunt.org.uk
Characteristic features of a veteran tree Source: Veteren Trees: A guide to good management. Natural England, 2000.
ANCIENT WOODLAND
Ancient woodland is defined by Natural England as an area that has had a continuous woodland cover since at least 1600 AD.
Sussex is one of the most wooded parts of lowland Britain with ancient woodland covering approximately 39,000ha (10%) of the county. Bluebell woods associated with coppicing, open wood pasture associated with deer parks and the small Wealden woods in ghyll valleys are a key part of Sussex’s distinctive and varied landscape.
The habitat can be split into two broad categories:‐ Ancient semi‐natural woodland ‐ is composed predominantly of trees and shrubs native to the site that do not obviously originate from planting. However, woodlands with small Bluebell planting of trees native to the site would still be included in this category. The stands may have been managed by coppicing or pollarding in the past or the tree and shrub layer may have grown up by natural regeneration. Plantations on ancient woodland sites ‐ are areas of ancient woodland where the former native tree cover has been felled and replaced by planted trees, predominantly of species not native to the site. These will include conifers such as Norway spruce or Corsican pine, and also non‐native broadleaves such as sweet chestnut. These sites often retain some ancient woodland features such as soils, ground flora, fungi, and woodland archaeology and as such they can respond well to restoration management.
The importance of ancient woodland Ancient woodland is of prime ecological and landscape importance, providing a vital part of a rich and diverse countryside. In particular, ancient woodland: is exceptionally rich in wildlife, and supports many rare and threatened species may contain surviving descendants and features from the original natural forests acts as reservoirs from which wildlife can spread into new woodlands has valuable soils due to their undisturbed nature is an integral part of England’s historic landscapes and the biological and visual functioning of a landscape contains a wealth of features of historical and archaeological importance little altered by modern cultivation or disturbance
Ancient Woodland Inventory The Ancient Woodland Inventory was set up in 1981 by the Nature Conservancy Council (now Natural England). It originally only included sites over two hectares in size. Advances in digital mapping techniques mean it is now possible to map woodlands under two hectares with greater accuracy. This has led to a revision of the Ancient Woodland Inventory within the South East. The surveys for the revision of the inventory for Sussex were completed in 2010 and have been adopted by Natural England. However, the inventory will always be classed as "provisional" because it is reviewed and updated as new information comes to light. Further information about the Ancient Woodland Inventory can be found on the Natural England website.
(Illustration courtesy of Natural England.)
COASTAL & FLOODPLAIN GRAZING MARSH
Grazing marsh is periodically inundated pasture, or meadow with ditches that maintain the water levels, containing standing brackish or fresh water. Sites may contain seasonal water‐ filled hollows and permanent ponds with emergent swamp communities.
Why is it important? Wading birds such as redshank feed on invertebrates forced close to the surface by the high water table and shallow surface floods. Around 500 species of vascular plant have been recorded from grazing marsh including rare Lapwing species such as narrow‐leaved water‐dropwort. It supports large numbers of invertebrates including over a thousand nationally notable species. Drainage channels and open water associated with grazing marsh support a number of fish species and can provide important spawning areas. Water filled ditches are often used by otter, water vole, and various dragonflies.
Coastal and floodplain grazing marsh in Sussex Sussex has around 14,000 hectares of grazing marsh, with the rivers Arun, Adur, Ouse and Cuckmere all having important areas. Just under half of Sussex’s floodplains consist of wet grassland, however much of this has been agriculturally improved decreasing its value for wildlife. Pevensey Levels is one of only three sites in Britain where the large fen raft spider is found, and two rare species of ramshorn snail can also be found in Sussex.
What are the threats? Conversion to agriculture through drainage and fertilizer application. Drainage and flood defences can disrupt the hydrology of sites. Overgrazing, neglect or early grazing, can affect breeding birds. Water pollution, which can be exacerbated if concentrated by over‐abstraction. Floodplain development, aggregate extraction and recreational pressure. Isolation and fragmentation of sites reduces dispersal opportunities making species more susceptible to extinction.
Some associated species Lapwing Vanellus vanellus Merlin Falco columbarius Marsh mallow moth Hydraecia osseola Desmoulin’s whorl snail Vertigo moulinsiana Greater water parsnip Sium latifolium Star sedge Carex echinata
Further information Floodplain Meadows Partnership: www.floodplainmeadows.org.uk Sussex Wetland Landscapes Project: www.sussexotters.org
(Illustration courtesy of Natural England.) GHYLL WOODLAND
Ghylls (or gills) are ancient steep‐sided, wooded valleys created by streams cutting gullies into existing slopes. In the Sussex Weald, ghyll formation began in the Pleistocene period (pre 10,000 BC) by erosion of the sandstone making up the ‘Hastings Beds’. Such ghylls occasionally contain outcrops of erosion resistant sandstone known as ‘sandrock’.
Ghylls and sandrock outcrops create a microclimate similar to that of the Atlantic climate common to the west of England, but with different influences from the soil and geology. This microclimate is humid with a low frost incidence and for this reason our Sussex ghylls are strongholds for rare flora and fauna. Good examples of species adapted to this unique habitat are the Tunbridge filmy fern, the hay‐scented buckler fern and bryophytes such as Hyocomium armoricum, Dicranum scottianum and Scapania gracilis. All of these species are rare in Britain and are found predominantly on the western seaboard of Wales. Hard fern
The steep and rugged nature of these stream valleys has provided protection for this distinctive flora. Unlike much of the rest of the Sussex Weald, clearance and subsequent cultivation was not possible in the ghylls. The associated undisturbed woodland or scrubland can therefore often be regarded as ‘ancient woodland’. In some cases there are remnants of original ‘wildwood’ as evidenced by the presence of indicator species such as small‐leaved lime.
The hilly topography means that the land surrounding ghylls tends not to be intensively cultivated. As a consequence the water flowing in the streams is often relatively unpolluted and the delicate balance and biodiversity of this unique environment is maintained. Any contamination of the water supply, disruption to its flow or the invasion of exotic species such as rhododendron could do irreparable damage to this habitat.
Broadleaved woodland is a priority habitat for conservation in Sussex as it contains a higher number of UK Biodiversity Action Plan Priority Species than any other habitat. These species include dormouse, pearl bordered fritillary butterfly and the black‐headed cardinal beetle.
Objectives in the Habitat Action Plan include: Maintain the extent and habitat quality of ghyll woodland. Reverse the trend of degradation in ghyll woodlands and ensure that they are managed to achieve conservation objectives. Replace non‐native tree species on ancient woodland sites. Provide mechanisms to help clear invading rhododendron. Implement systems for the control of animals believed to cause damage to woodland, such as squirrel and deer. Identify where ghyll woods are located and recommend their optimum management for conservation. Ensure pollution is prevented wherever possible. Encourage planning departments to refuse permission for ghyll woodland development.
(Illustration courtesy of Natural England.) TRADITIONAL ORCHARDS
Traditional orchards are areas of land on which a range of fruit and nut trees are cultivated that are managed in a low intensity way. Permanent grassland beneath the trees was traditionally grazed by livestock.
Why are they important? The mosaic of habitats such as hedgerows, dead wood and fruit trees make traditional orchards important for a wide range of species. Traditional orchards provide a the conditions needed for many bryophytes and lichens. Holes and crevices in old trees provide habitat for bats and nest sites for birds such as redstart and bullfinch. Dead and decaying wood makes traditional orchards hugely important for invertebrates, lichens and fungi.
Traditional orchards in Sussex The traditional orchards inventory* lists over 900 sites in Sussex covering an area of approximately 300 hectares. It is estimated that around half of these orchards are currently in a poor condition.
What are the threats? Changes in farming policy and markets has led to a decline in income from traditional orchard produce. A decline in the skills and knowledge to manage traditional orchards can lead to neglect. Loss of orchards can occur as fruit trees dying of old age are not replaced. Lack of protection under the current planning system.
Some associated species Lesser spotted woodpecker Picoides minor Noctule Nyctalus noctula Lichen running‐spider Philodromus margaritatus Noble chafer Gnorimus nobilis Mistletoe Viscum album A lichen Ramonia chrysophaea
* The Traditional Orchard Inventory for England The traditional orchard data used in Sussex Biodiversity Record Centre reports are the result of a project run by the People’s Trust for Endangered Species (PTES) on behalf of Natural England. The resulting inventory is based on combining exisiting survey data with aerial photograph interpretation, together with ground‐truthing survey work by local volunteers. The inventory is provisional, and is still being refined and updated as new data becomes available. The project was completed in March 2011.
For the purpose of the inventory, traditional orchards are defined as sites where at least five fruit trees must be present with no more than 20m between their crown edges.
Further information Orchard Network: www.orchardnetwork.org.uk WOOD‐PASTURE & PARKLAND
Many parks were established in medieval times for aesthetic reasons, to provide grazing for farm animals or deer and to provide wood from pollarded trees. In later centuries, new landscaped parks were created from these medieval parks or by enclosing ordinary farmland. Wood‐pasture and parkland is therefore the result of a distinctive, historic land‐use system, and represents a vegetation structure rather than being a particular plant community. Typically this structure consists of veteran trees with wide, spreading crowns growing in a matrix of grazed grassland or heathland. It is a habitat of cultural and historical significance and can also be of great ecological importance due to the wide range of species it supports. For these reasons, and due the threats facing the habitat, it is a UK Biodiversity Action Plan Pedunculate Oak (BAP) habitat.
Current status and distribution There are no reliable statistics on the extent of this habitat in the UK, but it is most common in southern Britain. Sussex is particularly rich in wood‐pasture and parkland with several large old deer parks, such as Petworth Park and Parham Park.
Ecological significance
Wood‐pasture and parkland is important for wildlife for a number of reasons: The mosaic of habitats together with the presence of veteran trees provides the conditions needed by certain species for every stage of their life cycle. There is often a continuity of old trees over hundreds of years, or even in some cases back to the post ice‐age ‘wildwood’. The trees have often been pollarded; this management technique extends their life and creates rot holes and crevices which are used by bats, hole‐nesting birds and invertebrates. Sussex has the majority of the UK’s mature English Elms following the loss of millions to Dutch Elm Disease. Rotten wood within ancient tree trunks supports saproxylic invertebrates (those that rely on dead wood for all or part of their life cycle) and are amongst the most threatened group of species in Europe. One such species is the click beetle Lacon querceus, which develops in dry red‐rotten oak wood in veteran trunks and fallen boughs. The Stag Beetle is another saproxylic beetle often associated with pasture parkland. The old tree trunks also support unique communities of lichens, mosses and liverworts which depend on the stability of the surface provided by veteran trees. Two BAP Priority Species of lichen found on old trees include Bacidia incompata and Enterographa sorediata.
Threats facing the habitat include: Isolation and fragmentation of the remaining parklands. Inappropriate grazing resulting in the loss of plant diversity and habitat structure. Agricultural intensification including reseeding, ploughing and use of fertilisers. Neglect and loss of veteran trees, and over‐tidying of deadwood.
(Illustrations courtesy of Natural England.)
Stag Beetle
Sussex Biodiversity Record Centre Woods Mill Henfield West Sussex BN5 9SD
Tel: 01273 497521
Email: [email protected] Website: www.sxbrc.org.uk
The Sussex Biodiversity Record Centre is managed by the Sussex Wildlife Trust as a partnership project. A list of our current funding partners can be found on our website: www.sxbrc.org.uk/about/partners
Sussex Wildlife Trust is a company limited by guarantee under the Companies Act. Registered in England. Company No. 698851. Registered Charity No. 207005. VAT Registration No. 191 3059 69. Registered Office: Woods Mill, Henfield, West Sussex BN5 9SD. Jefferys Farm, Horsted Keynes June 2016
The Ecology Partnership
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Approved: Alexia Tamblyn MA (Oxon) MSc CEnv MCIEEM FRGS
Date: 7th June 2015
The Ecology Partnership 49