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Tuvalu Progress in It's Energy Master Plan

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Tuvalu Progress in It's Energy Master Plan Challenges with moving to Higher Level of RE Penetration in Tuvalu Mafalu Lotolua 2016 Pacific Update Conference 18th -19th July 2016, Suva, FIJI RE Target for Power Generation – 100% by 2020 . 2-Stated Goals • To generate electricity with 100% renewable energy by 2020 (revised 2025), and • To increase energy efficiency on Funafuti (main island) by 30% 100% Target . Guided by the RE&EE Master Plan and is directly linked to the: - Tuvalu National Sustainable Development Plan (Te Kakeega III), - Tuvalu National Energy Policy 2009, - Climate Change Policy (Te Kaniva) and . Master Plan has identified the most possible proven technologies for Tuvalu to meet its 100% target. Implementation Strategies . 60 – 95% - Solar . 0 – 40% - Wind . 5% - Biodiesel . 30% - Energy Efficiency IS • Cannot achieve 100% renewable energy with ONE Renewable Energy source and need to include other potential PROVEN and MATURED technology, and • Energy Efficiency is also important to avoid additional renewable energy generation. Tuvalu Electricity Corporation(TEC) – Diesel Replacement . Fully state owned Enterprise(SOE) 3xdiesel generators of totsl176kW responsible for managing and operating diesel power generators 3xdiesel generators of total 176kW and grid-connected systems on the 8- islands of Tuvalu 3xdiesel generators of total 176kW 3xdiesel generators of total 176kW 3xdiesel generators of total 208kW 3xdiesel generators of total 176kW 3xdiesel generators of total144kW 3xdiesel generators of Battery lighting total 1800kW RE Space in Tuvalu 195kW PV mini-grid – 90% (2015) 232kW PV mini-grid – 90% (2015) 205kW PV mini-grid – 90% (2015) 410kW PV mini-grid - 90% (2015) MSS – 46kW PV mini-grid 60kW PV mini-grid – 50% – 60% (2009) Additional – 10kW (2015) NZ Funded EU Funded 77kW PV mini-grid – 50% 170kW PV grid-connected (2015) Italy Funded Additional – 10kW (2015) Funafala - Stand Alone Home System (SHS) (2016) UAE Funded 500kW PV grid-connected (2015) 66/20kW PV grid-connected (2014/2008) Japan Funded Stand Alone Home System Amatuku – 8kW PV mini-grid – 2% (2016) Finland Funded 45kW PV mini-grid (SHS) (2016) Main Island – 50% (2015) 925kW PV/200kW wind/1MWh battery World Bank Funded storage (2017/2018) RE Space in Tuvalu (con’t) No Island Technology PV Capacity Batt. AH % RE (kW) 1 Funafuti Solar PV grid-connected 756 Nil 17 2 Vaitupu, Niutao, Solar PV mini-grid 1,042 159,000 90 Nanumaga and Nanumea (410,232,205, (60,000,36,000, 195) 33,000,30,000) 3 Nukulaelae, Nukufetau Solar PV mini-grid 182 46,020 50 and Nui (45,77,60) (12,228,18,432, 15,360) 4 Amatuku, TMTI Solar PV mini-grid 8 2,000 2 5 Niulakita and Funafala Standalone Home System 100 (SHS) 6 Motufoua Solar PV mini-grid 46 12,000 60 • Funafuti – 756kWp installed capacity (Controlled (SMA Fuel Saver)– 436kWp and Uncontrolled – 320kWp) • Outer islands – 1,270kWp PV installed capacity Solar Growth in Tuvalu 3500 3000 2500 kW 2000 Deployed 1500 1000 500 0 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 Source – TEC Energy Efficiency Portfolio No Activity Progress Development Partners 1 Energy Efficiency Act Endorsed by Parliament in Australian Govt. April’16 through SPC 2 EE Loan Scheme Launched end of June’16 GEF through IUCN 3 RE&EE Demo Fale Near Completion SIDS Dock through UNDP 4 Prepayment Meters Finalizing Specifications World Bank 5 Window Tinting for Govt. Yet to start World Bank Main Office building 6 Replacing of container Yet to start World Bank refeers with Cool Rooms Overall Share of Renewable Energy IMPLEMENTATION STRATEGIES MASTER PLAN END END END 2014 2015/2016 2017/2018 Solar PV : 60 – 95% 4% 29% 43% Wind : 0-40% 0 0 2% Biodiesel : 5% 0 0 0 Energy Efficiency : 30% 0 0 0 Road to 100% RE % RE Without Storage PV Capacity (kW) Level Storage (kW/kWh) OUTER-ISLANDS 100% • More PV’s and storage for 3-islands and also alternative fuel for generators in all islands FUNAFUTI 50% 3,200 200/600 2,800 75% 10,000 85% 950/5,500 4,900 Source – DNV KEMA report 2013 • KEMA analysis stated that at least one diesel generator need to run at 50% output at all time to provide Voltage and Frequency and to replace the sudden loss of renewable energy generation. • TEC has engaged KEMA again to carry out a Renewable Resource Impact Study to identify the various technical issues involved in connecting more PV and wind generation facilities into TEC power system, and also the • Economic evaluation for future growth of renewable resources with energy storage in TEC system Challenges with moving to High Level of PV/Wind-Funafuti . Have reached maximum level of penetration and further increase in RE will raises the potential interconnection and challenges associated with system safety, reliability and imbalances and demand . Small overall system size (and there are no interconnections to other systems) . Thermal ratings of the conductors . Limited ability of diesel generators to respond to sudden changes in renewable generation output . The loss of one operating generators can often result in fairly wide swings in system voltage and frequency . Limited RE resources . Limited land space . Lack of finance and highly depended on partners/ donor community Technical Solutions . Using of storage to increase the PV/wind penetration and also helps in absorbing intermittent output from renewable resources and sustaining energy supply during the time when renewable resources not available. Limit the maximum output of solar/wind generation so that maximum limit is not exceeded during brief periods when there are wind gusts or the shine fully . Smart-Grid . Using of residential roof-top or other land space such as pond, lagoon Some Innovative ways to install PV modules Funafuti Island Natural bond - potential for floating PV’s system. Space can be used for parking/recreation In front of the Power Station Some Innovative ways to install PV modules(con’t) Nukufetau Island Power station Site for PV Asset Management . Must have sufficient funding . Need qualified staff to look after the system . Islands are separated by sea and need good internet connectivity for daily remote monitoring of the system, and . Need the on-going support of the contractor • Good Asset Management prolongs the life cycle of an asset Lessons Learnt . Grid Stability/Renewable Resource Impact Study is a MUST . Donor coordination in country . Establish coordinating committee between the donors and the recipient . To involve the inverter manufacturer to design an appropriate system not to affect the grid . Ensure to know the process how to claim failed equipment, mainly the major components . Innovative ways to install panels – not to waste land space BAU Vs RE&EE 3,000,000 2,500,000 2,000,000 Liters 1,500,000 BAU REEE Master Plan 1,000,000 500,000 - 2012 2014 2016 2018 2020 2022 • BAU is steadily increasing and with the installation of RE, the diesel consumption tend to decrease. • Diesel Saved from January – June, 2016 (6months period) –~12% as compared to the same period of 2015. Thank You.
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