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Annotated List of the Fishes of Illinois

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Annotated List of the Fishes of Illinois STATE OF ILLINOIS HENRY HORNER' Gooernor DEPARTMENT OF REGISTRATION AND EDUCATION DIVISION OF THE NATURAL HISTORY SURVEY THEODORE H. FRISON, C,,'I Vol. XX BULLETIN Article V Annotated List of the Fishes of Illinois D. JOHN O'DONNELL PR,INTED BY AUTEORITY OF TEE STATE OF ILLINOIS URBANA, ILLINOIS AUGUST 1935 STATE OF ILLINOIS HrNrY HotNnn, Goz'ernor DEPARTMBNT OF REGISTRATION AND EDUCATION HoNonaslr .|oux J' Har"ltHaN, Director BOARD OF NATURAL RBSOURCES AND CONSERVATION HoNonasln JouN J. Halr,rHaN, Chairman Ph.D., LL'D., Chem.D', Wrr,r-rev Tnrlresr, D.Sc., LL.D., Biology Wrr,r,teu A. Novrs, D.Sc,, Chemistry Hunr.v C. Cowr,rs, Ph.D., D.Sc', Forestry EosoN C, Besnu, Ph.D., GeologY JonN W. At-vorn, C.8., Engineering Anrlun Currs WItlero, D.Eng., LL.D., Presid.ent ol the llnix,ersity of Illinois NATURAL HISTORY SURVEY DIVISION URBANA, ILLINOIS Scientifc and Technical 9taff Tnnoponn H. FrusoN, Ph.D., Chief BIOLOGY SECTION OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY SECTION OF AQUATIC Zoologist \4r. P. !'t-tsr, 8.5., Chiel Entomologist Devro H. TuoursoN, Ph.D., C. C. Covprot,M.S., Associate Entomologt.st F. D. Huwr, Field Naturalist Fo**o*, Ph. D:., Researe h Entomologist D. F. HeNsnN, A.M., Assistant Zoologist Vi. b. Zoologist S. C. CH,rxnirn, B.S., Southern Field Ento- D. J. O'DoNNnlr-, M.S., Assistant molo aist J. H. Bricen, 8.5., Central Field Entomolo- SECTION OF INSECT SURVEY qist Entomologisl L. Stt.o"snnB, M.5, Northetn Field En- H. H. Ross, Ph.D., Systematie [i. Entomolo' tomolostst C,rnr, O. Nttorrn, Ph.D., Assoeiate R. Ph.D., Research Fellow in oist, Arlist E. McGovneu. Entomol- EntotnologY L. Fi. Towr.rsrxo, Ph.D., Assislant W. E. McCeriirv, B. S., Assistant Entomolo- ogist qist in T. F.- Arsrrnr,uNo, M.S., Research FeIIoqo SBCTION OF GAME NESEARCH ANI) Entomology MANAGEMENT Game Slecialist SECTION OF APPLIED BOTATY A\D R. E. Yrerrun, Ph.D., PLANT PATHOLOGY L. R. Trnox, P\.D., Botanist SECTION OF FONESTRY C. Cnnrpn, Ph.D., .4ssistant Bolanist I. Forester i;. H. Boswr. ts.S., Ficld Botanist L. E. Sewvsn, B.S.F., Extension PUBLICATIONS Cennorr- Cnourr.r..cro, M.A., Editor Thie paper ie a contribution frcm the Section of Aquatic Biology CONTENTS PAoE INrnonucrroN..... +73 Cr.essrrrno Lrsr op L-r-rxors Ftsrrrs. ...... +75 Brslrocnap'Y""' " +91 AppnNprx. ..'.492 Hvbridization and racial dilierentiation among Illinois fishes.-Index to families, genera and species' z F F a z F] li Fl ,r1 F Z X z Fiir t- F] a ILLINOIS NN VOLUME XX ARTICLE V Annotated List of the F ishes of Illinois D. JOHN O',DONNELL INCE 1876, specimens and data re- Jordan Nomenclature garding the appearance and distri- Because o{ its general usage, the man- bution of fishes in this state have ual of Jordan (1929), which changed the been collected by zoologists of the Ir-r,rNors generic names associated with 70 species Srarn Narunar. Hrsrorn Sunvnvand the and the specific names o{ 31 species of organizations which were its predecessors. fishes given in Forbes & Richardson, has In 1909 Stephen Alfred Forbes and Rob- furnished the nomenclature for this list. ert Earl Richardson published a report Names in the list by Jordan, Evermann entitled "The Fishes of Illinois," which and Clark (1930), as well as the old was partly revised for a second edition names of Forbes & Richardson (1920), printed in 1920'. Many scientific names are used in synonymy. o{ Illinois fishes have been changed in the Names of Hybrids tlventy-six years that have passed since There are a few exceptions to this rule' the original report was issued, so that to- One, of course, is the case of certain hy- day' 1h... is need for a list which will brids, which did not recognize but place the state fauna in accord with pres- Jordan which have nevertheless been classified and ent general classifications. used separately, either by Forbes and Present Fauna Richardson in 1909 or subsequently in In recording the many changes that Jordan, Evermann & Clark ( 1930 ) . (Lepo- have been made by taxonomists, this list Apomotis (Lepomis) ischyrus, A. presents 172 species names, distributed mis) euryorus and l{otropis pilsbryi arc among 31 families and 117 genera. In in this group. Likewise Carpiodes thomp- addition there are several dozen hybrid soni, not recognized by Jordan and now {orrns in the fish fauna of lllinois. probably best treated as a variety of d. cyprinus, is included in this list because Ten species have been added to the it has been established in the literature forms known to Forbes and Richardson in of the Illinois fauna (Forbes & Richard- 1909, some of which are names of Amer- son 1920), in addition to its placement ican and foreign species that have become as a distinct species in Jordan, Evermann established in Illinois, and some native & Clark (1930). Alvordius (Hadrop- previously undiscovered. species terus ) eztermanni was included in Forbes single lsee bibliocraphy, p. 491 & Richardson on the basis of a I4731 ILLINOIS NATURAL HISTORY SURVEY BULLETIN XX:V Fig. l.-Interior of Sunvnv laboratory boat Anax, looking forward. specimen taken in the lllinois' Possibly Illinois fishes have resulted entirely from a suspicion of its hybrid nature, as stated the formalities of fish taxonomy and not by Hubbs (1926), accounts for its omis- from correction of any mistakes in segre- sion from Jordan (1929). It recurs as gation or identifications as used in 1903-06 valid, however, in Jordan, Evermann & by Forbes and Richardson. Neither have Clark, on the strength of specimens from they resulted from any evolution of our Indiana. The last exception is in the species, nor from any refinement in the case of the red horses, whose names of method of describing them. The descrip- Forbes & Richardson are retained. The tions which were written for "The Fishes descriptions of red horses given in Jordan of Illinois" were, in almost every case' (1929) and in Jordan, Evermann & based on the detailed examination and Clark (1930), do not approximate our rneasurement of large numbers of Illinois Illinois red horses closely enough to make specimens. their identity probable. Common Names in Illinois Forbes & Richardson Accurate Lack of agreement among ichthyolo- It has never been adequately empha- gists in regard to common names of fishes sized that changes in the nomenclature of has forced the adoption in this list of those O'DONNELL: ANNOTATED LIST OF ILLINOIS FISHES common names which are now in most formation and assistance have been con- general use in Illinois. These common tributed by present staff members, among names and the recorded distributions have them Dr. T. H. Frison, chief ; Dr. David been included as f ar as known; it is hoped H. Thompson, zoologist; and Mr. F. D. that this effort will stimulate others in- Hunt, field naturalist, to all of whom terested in the fish li{e of the state to fill the writer tenders thanks. An indebted- the obvious gaps in many of the records. ness is also acknowledged to Dr. Harley Jones Van Cleave, pro{essor of zoology in Acknowledgments the University of Illinois, for his sugges- This report based is upon field records tion of the problem while expressing a kept by Sunvry zoologists and their fore- need among ichthyologists and less tech- runners, since 1876. A great deal of in- nical students for such a list. CLASSIFIED LIST OF ILLINOIS FISHES PI'TROMYZONIDAE N{ississippi, Ohio, Wabash, Illinois river Ichthyomyzon Girard to Henrr', Rock river to Sterling, Kas- I. concolor (Kirtland) J JEC FR s, kaskia river to Evansville. Everywhere Lanrrrn, LAMeER EEL, LAMpRErr.-All less abundant than formerly. Almost ab- Illinois streams with a drainage area ex- sent from the upper Mississippi following ceeding 1000 square miles. Parasitic in construction of Keokuk dam. winter on larger fishes such as carp, buf- falo, catfishes and spoonbill. Three or more lampers may occasionally be found ACIPDNSERIDAB on one host fish. Acipenser Linnaeus A. fulvescens Rafinesque J JEC Lethenteron Creaser & Hubbs Acipenser rubicundus Le Sueur FR 24 L. appendix (De Kay) J JEC Rocr sruncEoN, LAKE sruRGEoN.- Lampetra tcildcri Gage FR 11 Taken occasionally in the Mississippi, Bnoor LAMeREv, sMALL BLACK LAM- Ohio, Wabash and Rock rivers. Com- pREy.-Very rare; Lake Michigan 1903, mon in the Illinois river before 1900; now small creek near Danville winter of 1931. rare. Nurnbers observed spawning on rocky Scaphirhynchus Heckel riffes of Wild Cat creek near Dayton S. platorhynchus (Rafinesque) J JEC (Tippecanoe county), Ind., in early FR 27 spring of 1910, 1916. Suovnr,-NosnD sruRcEoN, HAcKLE- BAcK.-Common jn the Mississippi and Ohio rivers. Occasionally taken the POLYODONTIDAE in lower Illinois. Polyodon Lac6pbde Parascaphirhynchus Forbes & P. spathula (Walbaum) J JEC FR 16 Richardson SpooNsrr,r, cAT, eADDLEFTsH, BoNELESS P. albus Forbes & Richardson .I JEC cAT.-Large rivers; recently found in the FR 28 2./ indicates tllc prcsent accepted name as given Wurrn sruRcEoN, LoNG-NosED sruR- by Jordan (1999) : ./fC indicates tbe name [iven by Jordan, Dverrnaun & Ciark (1930) ; and JcB, 566N.-ft41s; known only from the Mis- nith a number, indicates the page on wbich the species is given ln Iforbes & Ric'hardson (1920), sissippi river at Grafton and Alton. ILLINOIS NATURAL HISToRY SURVEY BULLETIN Xx:V :*---; r A d d IJ \o t- u t4- *\>;r 'ct \ a-l 6REg}\ 8) I a-/ I I RrvEB I ;6'o , 1,,. s l_LT q R E ES MO m 3 @ p I t -{ o l' I(n ), t \"a 5AL\N9 r x R Fig. 2.-Principal streams of Illinois. O'DONNELL: ANNOTATED LIST OF ILLINOIS FISHES Kas- LEPISOSTE to Beloit, Illinois river to Henry, Wabash rivers' Very abun- Lepisosteus Lac6Plde kaskia and dant in the MississiPPi and Ohio' L.
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