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A Study of Public Employee Labor Law in the United States

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A Study of Public Employee Labor Law in the United States University of Central Florida STARS Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2004-2019 2005 A Study Of Public Employee Labor Law In The United States Oleh Bula University of Central Florida Part of the Educational Leadership Commons Find similar works at: https://stars.library.ucf.edu/etd University of Central Florida Libraries http://library.ucf.edu This Doctoral Dissertation (Open Access) is brought to you for free and open access by STARS. It has been accepted for inclusion in Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2004-2019 by an authorized administrator of STARS. For more information, please contact [email protected]. STARS Citation Bula, Oleh, "A Study Of Public Employee Labor Law In The United States" (2005). Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2004-2019. 291. https://stars.library.ucf.edu/etd/291 A STUDY OF PUBLIC EMPLOYEE LABOR LAW IN THE UNITED STATES by OLEH A. BULA B.A. Boston University, 1988 M.A. University of Central Florida, 1999 A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Education in the Department of Educational Leadership, Research, and Technology in the College of Education at the University of Central Florida Orlando, Florida Spring Term 2005 Major Professor: Kenneth T. Murray, J.D., Ph.D. ABSTRACT This study examined the legal issues of public employee labor relations in the United States. Included in this study is a review of relevant case law as it pertains to collective bargaining in the public sector. In addition to reviewing the case law, this study researched the statutory language of each state for public sector collective bargaining. The study includes a review, analysis, and summary of the state and federal laws for public sector collective bargaining. The collective bargaining process in the United States is designed to resolve disputes between two parties, the employer and the employee. The resolution of these disputes often depends on the relative bargaining power of each party. The private sector has a collective bargaining process that has been well established since the passage of the National Labor Relations Act in 1935 and the Labor-Management Relations Act of 1947. The federal laws that have been implemented in the last fifty years, to include the Civil Rights Act of 1964, the Equal Employment Opportunity Act of 1972, the American with Disabilities Act of 1990, among others, cover the scope of almost all of the private sector collective bargaining (Oberer, 1994). The public sector contains 50 different state laws and several federal laws defining the scope of collective bargaining for public employees. The bargaining process in the public sector takes place in the context of the political arena. This political influence, which is unique in each state and at each level of government, provides additional steps to the bargaining process that further differentiate public sector bargaining from private (Valletta, 1985). This study provides conclusions on certain aspects of public sector collective ii bargaining that lead to dispute resolution and contract negotiation to include fact-finding procedures, mediation, arbitration, and strike policies, in the current state of the law. Recommendations are made to public officials, policy makers, and other stakeholders for the future of public employee labor relations in the United States. iii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I would like to thank my committee chair, Dr. Kenneth Murray, who provided the guidance and expertise necessary for a successful dissertation. His enthusiasm for law and inquiry in research drew me to choose this topic and the program at the University of Central Florida. I look forward to continuing my work with further collaboration and publication with Dr. Murray. I would like to thank my committee members, Dr. Rosemarye Taylor, Dr. Douglas Magann, and Dr. Marcy Kysilka, who were always helpful, supportive, and provided important comments about my work. I would like to thank my friends and colleagues for their continued support, interest, and encouragement. I would like to thank my family for the patience, support, love, and strength of will, without which this would all not be possible or worthwhile. iv TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION......................................................................................... 1 Purpose............................................................................................................................ 6 Research Questions......................................................................................................... 7 Background..................................................................................................................... 7 Definitions..................................................................................................................... 10 Legal Definitions .......................................................................................................... 13 Limitations of the Study................................................................................................ 19 Assumptions of the Study ............................................................................................. 19 Significance of the Study.............................................................................................. 20 Research Methodology ................................................................................................. 24 Organization of the Study ............................................................................................. 25 CHAPTER II REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE............................................................ 27 The Common Law and Early Cases.............................................................................. 27 Commonwealth v. Hunt (1842) .................................................................................... 28 The Sherman Antitrust Act of 1890.............................................................................. 30 Vegelahn v. Guntner (1896) ......................................................................................... 31 Loewe v. Lawlor (1908) ............................................................................................... 32 Lawlor v. Loewe (1915) ............................................................................................... 32 Gompers v. Bucks Stove and Range Company (1911)................................................. 33 Yellow-Dog Contracts and The Erdman Act of 1898 .................................................. 33 Adair v. United States (1908) ....................................................................................... 33 Coppage v. State of Kansas (1915)............................................................................... 34 The Clayton Antitrust Act of 1914 ............................................................................... 34 Duplex Printing Press Company v. Deering (1921) ..................................................... 35 The Railway Labor Act of 1926 ................................................................................... 36 The Norris-LaGuardia Act of 1932............................................................................... 36 The National Labor Relations Act (NLRA) of 1935 .................................................... 37 NLRB v. Jones and Laughlin Steel Corporation (1937)............................................... 38 NLRB v. Virginia Electric and Power Company (1941).............................................. 41 Textile Workers’ Union v. Lincoln Mills, (1957)......................................................... 42 The Labor Management Relations Act of 1947............................................................ 43 United Steelworkers v. American Manufacturing Co., (1960)..................................... 43 NLRB v. United Food and Commercial Workers Union, Local 23, (1987)................. 44 International Union, United Automobile, Aircraft and Agricultural Implement Workers of America (UAW-CIO) v. Russell, (1958).................................................................. 45 Allis-Chalmers Corporation v. Lueck, (1985) .............................................................. 46 National Labor Relations Board v. Truitt Manufacturing Company, (1956) ............... 47 Lincoln Federal Labor Union v. Northwestern Iron and Metal Company, (1948)....... 48 The Social Security Act of 1935................................................................................... 49 The Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938 ......................................................................... 50 The Taft-Hartley Act of 1947 ....................................................................................... 50 NLRB v. Bell Aerospace Company, Division of Textron, Inc. (1974) ........................ 51 NLRB v. Yeshiva University (1980) ............................................................................ 52 The Labor-Management Reporting and Disclosure Act (LMRDA)............................. 53 v Local 357 Teamsters v. National Labor Relations Board (1961) ................................. 55 J.I. Case Company v. National Labor Relations Board (1944) .................................... 56 National Labor Relations Board v. Drivers, Chauffeurs, Helpers, Local Union No. 639, International Brotherhood of Teamsters, Chauffeurs, Warehousemen and Helpers of America (1960) ............................................................................................................
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