15850 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 20, 1991 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS A PERSISTENT AMERICAN atom bombs, but the human race just went sions of Woodrow Wilson and the other YEARNING on producing more children by the same de­ prophets of eternal peace. lightful old-fashioned process anyway. My optimism didn't go quite that far. I I admired the optimistic spirit behind thought the long nightmare of an atomic HON. BOB TRAXLER President Bush's new world order, but I war was over for the foreseeable future, but OF MICHIGAN couldn't find much new in it other than his I had more modest dreams. I didn't believe in IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES war in the Middle East. He vowed it would new world orders that relied on fighting wars assure "for ourselves and for future genera­ rather than deterring them, or in United Na­ Thursday, June 20, 1991 tions" an Age of Peace, "where the rule of tions resolutions that "authorized" the Mr. TRAXLER. Mr. Speaker, I would like to law, not the law of the jungle, governs the United States to do most of the fighting. I call the attention of my colleagues to the fol­ conduct of nations." I was all for George, but believed in collective, not selective, security, lowing article, "A Persistent American Yearn­ I thought this sounded very much like the and I thought we needed to ask ourselves pronouncements of other Presidents, par­ some questions. ing", by James Reston. I have long admired ticularly those of Woodrow Wilson, who What areas were really "vital" to the secu­ Scotty Reston since my days in college, and thought not only that America could rity of the United States? Would our schools I find his thoughts absolutely charming in this " change the w:orld" but also that it had a and slums be high on this list? When and how feature that appeared in The New York Times moral duty to do so. were we going to make the United States Magazine on Sunday, June 16, 1991. This ar­ There was, I thought, something both won­ independent of Middle East oil and how? How ticle is adapted from his memoir, "Deadline: derful and goofy about all this persistent could we have a new world order without co­ Our Times and The New York Times," to be American determination to reform the operation between the United States and the published in October by Random House. world. It reminded me of the little signs that Soviet Union? When were these giants and used to hang in some of the service stores in the other industrial nations going to control A PERSISTENT AMERICAN YEARNING Dayton, Ohio, when I was a boy. I forget the or stop the shipment of advanced military The last decade of a century is a tempting exact words, but they promised to do any­ weapons and materials for the production of time for Presidents, journalists, end-of-the­ thing "possible" by tomorrow but conceded nuclear, chemical and bacteriological explo­ world preachers and other dreamers. Presi­ that the "impossible" might take a few days sives to the shaky gangster nations of the dents in particular begin meditating on their longer. This was the spirit that had con­ world? In short, where was the end-of-the­ place in history, and wondering how to make quered the American continent, survived the century threat to United States security it look a little better than it was. George great economic depression of the 30's, helped anyway-abroad or at home? Washington made his famous farewell ad­ restore Western Europe and Japan after So every once in a while I mounted my old dress in the last decade of the 18th century, World War II and survived the cold war with pulpit at The Times and suggested that the and foresaw safety and prosperity for the the Soviet Union for almost half a century. time had come, not for another new world new Republic in isolation from the quarrels But before you could say Saddam Hussein order proclaimed, financed and policed by of the world. In the last decade of the 19th or even Yasir Arafat, President Bush had the United States and started with a war, century, President McKinley was not think­ sent half a million Americans to the Middle but for a new American order beginning with ing of isolation (or of his sudden death soon East battlefield when Congress wasn't look­ a reappraisal of our commitments and re­ to come), but was planning a new American ing, and chased the Iraqis out of Kuwait in sources and a reform of our priori ties and de­ empire and leading the country into the four days. It was a perfect American war: cision-making procedures: I wasn't throwing Spanish-American War. And at the beginning quick, flashy and all on television. More off the disorder of the old world-it made so of the last decade of the 20th, George Herbert Americans were murdered at home during much news!-! just felt it could be improved Walker Bush, the 41st President, was pro­ those four days than were killed in the war. with a little less fighting and a little more claiming the dawn of a "new world order," President Bush called it, without undue patience, common sense and diplomacy. I and starting it with a war against Iraq in the modesty, the greatest military victory in the may have been wrong about this, but I didn't Middle East. history of the Republic, and scarcely men­ think it would hurt to review our commit­ After studying the fortunetellers of the tioned the 150,000 Iraqis who were slaugh­ ments, keep them in line with our bank bal­ past, I admired their bravery more than tered in the process. ances, pay our debts and prepare our chil­ their judgment. In the 1890's, the best of Accordingly, I began to wonder about these dren for the new problems of the coming cen­ them were writing confidently about a fu­ wars to end war, and think that maybe old tury. ture world of "inevitable progress." They John Adams had a better idea. Adams said at I thought I knew George Bush fairly well, were convinced that there was something in the end of the 18th century that America but I didn't recognize his warrior pose. For the nature of the universe, or maybe in the should always try to help other nations in years I had been longing for some Gentleman economics of supply and demand, or in the trouble, but he added that we should "go not President to come along and set an example spread of knowledge and education that abroad seeking monsters to destroy." In my of calm thinking and honest talking, and I would surely lead to the Golden Age. By the years in the capital, however, we were find­ felt that George Bush was precisely that sort time I arrived in Washington two world wars ing monsters all over the world, not only of man. The one I knew had promised "a later, however, the pessimists had taken big-league monsters in the Soviet Union and kinder America" in "a gentler world," and I over, with books deploring "The Decline of China but bush-league monsters in Korea, admired his record. His whole career seemed the West" (Spengler), "The End of Our Vietnam, Cuba, Nicaragua, El Salvador, Pan­ a preparation for the Presidency. He had Time" (Berdyaev) and "The Fate of Homo ama, Iraq and various other places that more personal experience in Congress, busi­ Sapiens" (H.G. Wells). didn't want our advice about freedom and de­ ness, military intelligence, war and diplo­ All of their guesses were interesting, but mocracy, or even know what the words macy than any other President of my time. most of them were wrong, for the world meant. He was not an ideologue, having come out of changed faster than they could change their No doubt the Iraq war served several useful the old Teddy Roosevelt-Col. Henry L. minds. Some chalky genius, monkeying purposes. It put future aggressors on notice Stimson progressive nonpartisan tradition. I around in a laboratory or a garage, was al­ that they could not assume American neu­ followed his career in the House of Rep­ ways discovering how people could fly like trality. It made clear that the United States resentatives and at the United Nations. My birds, or send messages, pictures and even regarded the oilfields of the Middle East as wife, Sally, and I flew around with him dur­ the music of Beethoven through space, or ex­ "vital" to its security and would not permit ing the 1980 Presidential campaign, when he tract more food from the bounteous earth, or them to come under the control of any hos­ was mocking Ronald Reagan's "voodoo' eco­ wipe out disease or go to the moon. These tile power. It put an end to the self-doubts nomics, and I felt sure he would bring a more thinkers and tinkerers invented not only a that had plagued the nation after its defeat pragmatic spirit to the White House. better mousetrap but also a better mouse, in Vietnam, but this "Vietnam syndrome" In many ways, he did. On most things, he named Mickey, who went into the movies was followed by a kind of "Iraq swagger" of consulted the leaders of Congress. He aban­ and made children happy. They also devel­ boasting that Uncle Sam was No. 1 and doned his silly campaign promise of "no nex oped new ways to kill more people, with would now at last redeem the optimistic vi- taxes" (when he finally switched, he called

• This "bullet" symbol identifies statements or insertions which are not spoken by a Member of the Senate on the floor. Matter set in this typeface indicates words inserted or appended, rather than spoken, by a Member of the House on the floor. June 20, 1991 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 15851 the new taxes "revenue enhancement"). He ican order, which, in my imagination, would and other leaders told the truth, and men­ tolerated dissent, and he held almost as be planned in the last years of the 90's and tioned the word "sacrifice" once in a while. many news conferences in his first year in put into operation with a fixed deadline of I didn't think we should amend the Constitu­ the White House as Ronald Reagan did in the Jan. 1, 2000. tion to conform to every popular whim of the previous eight years. But something hap­ I found that, to my delight and to the de­ day, or try to police the bedrooms of the pened to him on his way to the White House. spair of my younger friends, the older I got American people. I thought it was unwise to He campaigned like Richard Nixon and and the less information and energy I had, corner dictators and other wild beasts, and talked like Lyndon Johnson, saying publicly the more dogmatic I became. My wife greet­ since Presidents were not immortal, I fa­ that Saddam Hussein was "worse than Hit­ ed this with a melancholy sigh, but I went vored Vice Presidents that were as reliable ler," and vowing publicly to "kick him in ahead anyway. The new American order of as a spare tire. I was for a longer school year the ass." And when it was said that maybe my imagination didn't contain anything because I was more interested in smart kids he was a bit of a "wimp," he disproved it by that was not both reasonable and achievable. than "smart bombs," and I was for voluntary wandering into two wars in his first two For example, it would have in place by the national service by young people to help in years in office. first day of the new century an energy pro­ the overburdened, overexpensive hospitals, He defied the principles of the United Na­ gram that didn't depend on the oil of the and for a national anthem that anybody tions when he went to war in Panama to get Middle East. I thought this was essential, could sing, drunk or sober. rid of a dictator named Noreiga (again, the even if we had to rely on the sun, the wind, Nobody listened to these fantasies, of personal military approach to foreign pol­ atomic energy, taxes and horses. I didn't course, but that's one of the nice things icy), then relied on the United Nations prin­ think this was ideal, but it seemed to me about being over 80: you don't care whether ciples when he went to war against Iraq, and more realistic than counting on peace and they listen, and even when they do, you can't defended the wars as moral contributions to sanity in the Middle East. quite hear what they say. good over evil. In my new American order, the world More important, he talked about "the next wouldn't be peopled by phantoms, and the objective would be to settle political dis­ American century," and said it was the pur­ putes by negotiation, even with scoundrels, CONGRATULATIONS TO FATHER pose of the United States to insure the sta­ ROBERT SALAMON bility and security of the Middle East. and not by proclaiming another "American "Among the nations of the world, only the century" with Uncle Sam as schoolmaster United States of America has both the moral and chief of the world police. "Let George do HON. ROBERT G. TORRICEW standing and the means to back it up," he it," I told myself, wasn't a policy but a line OF NEW JERSEY out of an old musical comedy, which I didn't IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES said. "We are the only nation on this earth think would be very popular when the bills that could assemble the forces of peace." came in. Thursday, June 20, 1991 The Republicans used to call this sort of By Deadline Jan. 1, 2000, under my dreamy thing "globaloney." Whatever it was, I Mr. TORRICELLI. Mr. Speaker, it is with schemes, both political parties would be in great respect and admiration that I address thought it aroused excessive expectations agreement (1) that the main threat to the that would be followed, as usual, by exces­ nation's security came from within and not my colleagues in the House today, for I rise to sive disappointments. After all, most of the from abroad; (2) that a strong and modified extend my heartiest congratulations and events that determined the history of this defense force was essential, and (3) that even warmest best wishes to Father Robert century-the collapse of the old empires, the America's resources were limited, and should Salamone on the occasion of his leaving St. rise of Communism and Nazism, the Great not be squandered on reluctant peoples who Francis Church in Hackensack, NJ. Depression and the cold war-were not fore­ would rather fight than eat. I thought that Father Robert was educated in New Jersey seen. Nevertheless, President Bush presumed clarity as well as charity begins at home, to talk confidently about his new world having attended St. Francis Seminary High and therefore, that we should cut our mili­ School in Lafayette, Don Bosco College in order for the next "American century." tary guarantees to the essential minimum There was no doubt that Saddam's brutal and reduce all moral posturing by Congress­ Newton, and Immaculate Conception Semi­ aggression deserved to be punished, but there men and columnists as much as possible nary in Mahwah. He was invested in the Cap­ were many places in the world where war under the First Amendment. (This would, of uchin Franciscan Order on August 10, 1975; might be morally justified but politically course, be denounced as the new isolation­ in the Simple Profession on August 15, 1976 unwise. My fear was that this intervention­ ism, but I thought it was better to be de­ and in the Solemn Profession on July 15, ist policy would eventually produce a nega­ nounced for avoiding unnecessary wars than 1979. He was ordained a deacon on Septem­ tive reaction in the United States, weaken for fighting them.) the Western alliance, revive the spirit of ber 17, 1979 and a priest on June 7, 1980. Under my fantasy of a new American Father Robert was assigned to St. Francis American isolationism and provoke racial order, the two political parties would have tensions among blacks, who made up a dis­ an official smoke-filled room, preferably the Church after being ordained a priest in June of proportionate percentage of the American old Supreme Court chamber in the Capitol, 1980 and served the congregation as well as ground forces. where candidates for the parties' nomina­ being provincial secretary. He became pastor His 100-hour ground war against Iraq, how­ tions for the Presidency and Vice Presidency in 1985 and was named to the provincial ever, was highly popular. It was short and would be chosen by party leaders who knew council at the same time. dramatic. The armed services demonstrated something about character and ability to His outstanding work does not stop within more military foresight and skill in waging govern the country. The political parties the congregation of St. Francis. Father Robert the war than the civilian diplomats had would, before the election of 2004, I insisted, shown in preventing it. And the American is the Dean of South Central Bergen Deanery have abolished the present disgraceful sys­ No. 5 which encompasses nine parishes. He press decided that nothing short of an eco­ tem of campaign financing and arranged for nomic depression could keep President Bush at least six free television debates between is the Chaplain of National UNICO, the Hack­ from being re-elected in 1992. the candidates (minus all reporters). They ensack Fire Department, the Hackensack Po­ I avoided this guessing game, considering would not eliminate the state primary elec­ lice Department, the Knights of Columbus, and all my embarrassing predictions of the past. tions, but would retain the power to veto any the Columbiettes. I thought George Bush was driving into a fu­ turkey or quail proposed in these popularity His dedication to the community is exempli­ ture he could not foresee, with one eye on contests. fied by these and many other services which the rear-view mirror and the other on the On one wall of this smoke-filled room, next election. He was, I believe, thinking he has worked to provide. Father Robert is there would be a portrait of Warren Gamaliel one of those special few who truly make a dif­ like an old soldier about the foreign wars of Harding to remind the pros not to make the the past, and not thinking much about the same mistake again, and on another wall ference in our society. His emotional and spir­ health of the nation, or even about the ad­ there would be a portrait of Teddy Roo­ itual guidance has been invaluable to the vice of his own doctors to give his fluttery sevelt, preferably not on horseback, together many people whose lives he has touched. heart a rest. with his favorite warning: Father Robert will be greatly missed by his Before the Iraq war started, I wrote that "The things that will destroy America are congregation and his family, and the commu­ saying "my President, right or wrong" was prosperity at any price, peace at any price, nity as a whole. We wish him the best as he like saying "my driver, drunk or sober," but safety first instead of duty first, the love of leaves for Immaculate Conception Parish in once the bombs started falling on Baghdad soft living and the get-rich-quick theory of and Tel Aviv, the debate ended and the popu­ life. This country will not be a permanently Hendersonville, NC. I am sure he will continue larity of the President increased, as it did at good place for us to live unless it's a good to give his tiine and talent, energy and enthu­ the beginning of the Korean and Vietnam place for all of us to live." siasm to his new parish. Wars. Accordingly, I worked on my own idea, I had some other dandy, if not original Mr. Speaker, I am proud to join in paying not of a new world order, but of a new Amer- ideas: I thought it would help if Presidents tribute to this exceptional man and extend my 15852 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 20, 1991 best wishes to him as he embarks on his new TRIBUTE TO MRS. FELICITA cation and appreciation for many cultures was assignment. SERRANO ON HER RETIREMENT reflected in the children's love for her. She served as a positive role model and mentor for HON.JOSEE.SERRANO them and was an encouraging and interested friend as well as teacher. CONGRESSMAN KILDEE HONORS OF NEW YORK FLINT MAGNET THEATRE PRO­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Mr. Speaker, pleace join me in commending GRAM .Thursday, June 20, 1991 Mrs. Felicita Serrano for her strong efforts and invaluable contributions to education in our Mr. SERRANO. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to community. She has dedicated her life to the HON. DALE E. KILDEE pay tribute to a very special woman, Mrs. promotion of harmony among cultures through Felicita Serrano, who has dedicated more than a bilingual and diverse curriculum, and has in­ OF MICHIGAN 20 years of service to bilingual and stilled strong values in the children who were IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES multicultural education in my community. Mrs. lucky to call her teacher. Let us thank her for Serrano is celebrating her retirement this her many gifts and talents she has shared Thursday, June 20, 1991 evening. Please join me in praising Mrs. with our children, and wish her the warmest Serrano for her unwavering commitment to our congratulations on her retirement. Mr. KILDEE. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to greatest national asset, our youth, and in commend the Flint Central High School Thea­ wishing her the best on this special occasion. tre Magnet Program. For the second consecu­ Mr. Speaker, Felicita Serrano was born in tive year, this outstanding group has been se­ Caguas, PR, on July 19, 1935. She was CONGRATULATIONS TO LESLIE lected to perform at the National Thespian brought up and educated in the mountainous GOODMAN Festival. region of the island where she learned the The Flint Theatre Program was chosen from value of hard work and a strong education. HON. ROBERT G. TORRICELU hundreds of high school theatre programs to From the time she was very young, her dream be one of six that present full length was to become a teacher, and she spent OF NEW JERSEY mainstage productions at this year's festival. hours sharing her family's values and love for IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Directors of the National Thespian Society education with the children of the neighbor­ Thursday, June 20, 1991 cited superior set design, student ability to hood. work with challenging material, professional Mrs. Serrano attends the local elementary, Mr. TORRICELLI. Mr. Speaker, it is with commitment, honesty, and integrity among the intermediate, and high school on the island of great respect and admiration that I address groups attributes. Flint Central High School is Puerto Rico. After completing her bachelor's my colleagues in the House today, for I rise to the only Michigan high school ever to perform degree at the University of Puerto Rico, she extend my heartiest congratulations and mainstage at the national festival and the Flint earned a scholarship to study at the University warmest best wishes to Leslie E. Goodman on Theatre Magnet Program ranks among the top of Illinois where she received her masters de­ being chosen as the recipient of the Human 10 percent of high school theatre programs gree. She later completed her doctorate in Relations Award by the New Jersey Chapter nationwide. education at New York University. of the American Jewish Committee. Under the guidance of the Flint program di­ Her dream was realized when she became Leslie E. Goodman, president and chief ex­ rectors, 45 Flint Central High School students a teacher of early childhood education in ecutive officer of First Fidelity Bank, N.A., New will present Eugene O'Neill's "Ah, Wilder­ 1956. Mrs. Serrano first taught in elementary Jersey and senior executive vice president of ness!" at the festival. Over 3,000 high school schools in the rural areas of Puerto Rico and First Fidelity Bancorp., is noted for his remark­ theatre students from around this world will at­ worked at several levels of the school system able professional and civic achievements. tend this year's festival at Ball State University on the island. Leslie's academic achievements include in Muncie, IN. Central High School also rep­ She later became involved in Operation Un­ earning his undergraduate degree from Rut­ resented Flint at the 1989 festival in which derstand, an exchange program sponsored by gers University in 1965, pursuing a MBA at they performed "The Diviners" by Jim Leon­ the Boards of Education of Puerto Rico and Rutgers University Graduate School of Busi­ ard, Jr. New York City. Through this program, Mrs. ness, and earning a law degree from Rutgers Serrano received an appointment to work at Law School in 1980. Mr. Goodman was admit­ The students involved in this year's produc­ Public School 77 in District 12, New York City, tion are Jasen Anthony, Sara Beck, Kate ted to both the New Jersey and Pennsylvania bringing her values of hard work, good will, Bars. Baldridge, Sue Ann Bennis, LaShona Calver, culture, history and a strong awareness of the Suzanne Carrico, Annelise Culver, Thomas Puerto Rican identity and Spanish language to Leslie began his career in banking in 1906, Decke, Dan Dortman, Benjamin Figura, Brandi the children of the South Bronx. A year later with First National State Bank of New Jersey, Generes, Mischa Gibbons, Marie Glenn, Maria she accepted a position in the office of the su­ where he entered as a management trainee Greanya, Mashonda Griffin, Christopher Hall, perintendent of community schools at District and was eventually named president and chief Chris Johnson, Shamiran Khoshaba, Kevin 7 in the Bronx, as coordinator of bilingual pro­ operating officer. He served as chairman and Kluender, Hannah Meyer, Kate Miller, James grams. She wrote proposals, visited schools chief executive officer of Fidelity Bank, Phila­ Milner, Ain Milner, Jayme Molpus, Chris and promoted the extension and implementa­ delphia, and in a number of senior manage­ Panoff, Amanda Panos, Dan Perina, Wilson tion of bilingual programs in New York City ment positions at different First Fidelity Personett, Joi Price, Michael Ramsdell, Tara schools. Later that year she became super­ branches. Richards, David Roberts, Rob Rosario, visor of all bilingual school projects in Commu­ Despite the often pressing demands im­ KaTonya Schuler, Rachel Shaker, Andrew nity School District 10. posed upon him by his career, Leslie serves Shell, Kimiko Shimoda, Phillip Stilley, April Under Mrs. Serrano's supervision, a bi~in­ on a variety of boards, including those of Taeckens, Shonda Thurman, J.C. Trowt, Karl gual school was organized as a regular New Hackensack Medical Center and WAWA, Inc. Tyler, Eleni Vamvakidou, Kari Weaver, Paul York City public school, school No. 159, the In addition, under his presidency, First Fidelity Wendland, and Rebecca Zaroo. Day Elementary School. In 1982, she was has been an active supporter of educational Mr. Speaker, as I rise today I share the named principal, and requested the change of and athletic events for children and adoles­ pride that the Flint community and the State of the school's name to Luis Munoz Marin Bilin­ cents, promoting youth talent in sports and in Michigan take in the accomplishments of gual School, after the first elected Governor of the arts. Mr. Goodman and his wlfe Joyce are these young men and women. Their creativity Puerto Rico. She was the first Puerto Rican to the proud parents of two children. has culturally enriched Flint and their achieve­ become a principal in District 10. Mr. Speaker, I am proud to join in paying ments in theatre have set a fine example for Mrs. Serrano's strong leadership of a well­ tribute to Leslie Goodman. I am sure he will Flint area youth. Recognition of these stu­ disciplined and highly professional staff en­ continue to provide invaluable service to his dents' efforts and talents is truly merited and abled her to create a comfortable study at­ community and truly make a difference in soci­ brings great honor both to them and to resi­ mosphere where the children felt loved, safe ety. I extend my best wishes to him on this dents of the Flint area. and secure. Her dedication to bilingual edu- most special occasion. June 20, 1991 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 15853 THE INTEGRITY IN HIGHER KILDEE WELCOMES DELEGATION of a John Le Carre novel than the slapstick EDUCATION ACT FROM KIELCE, POLAND of a "Get Smart" episode. Because our gov­ ernment does not control a single secure room in the entire Soviet Union, Mr. Bush HON. DALE E. KILDEE and his lieutenants may be forced to discuss HON. WilliAM F. GOODUNG OF MICHIGAN the final details of an arms control treaty in OF PENNSYLVANIA IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the confines of bug-free motor home shipped in from Washington for the occasion. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Thursday, June 20, 1991 Six long years have passed since the State Mr. KILDEE. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to Department learned that its "new" Moscow Thursday, June 20, 1991 welcome municipal officials from Kielce, Per Embassy, built by Soviet contractors with land to my hometown of Flint, MI. The delega­ Soviet-supplied materials, was (as one con­ Mr. GOODLING. Mr. Speaker, I am pleased gressional comedian put it) "one big micro­ to join with my colleague Congresswoman tion's visit to Flint is part of an international ex­ phone." Hardly two months have gone by LOWEY in introducing the Integrity in Higher change program sponsored by Sister Cities since a mysterious fire that broke out in the Education Act in order to increase the quality International that links 14 cities in the United still-occupied "old" embassy was doused by a States with municipal training centers in Per of programs supported through Federal stu­ brave band of KGB agents dressed up as fire­ land. men. dent financial assistance. Public confidence in Through this outstanding exchange prer Glasnost and Gorbomania aside, the blaze the student aid programs has been eroded by gram, Polish municipal officials will increase smouldered for eight hours while Soviet increasing defaults in the student loan prer spies roamed the building rifling unlocked their understanding of the process and struc­ safes, collecting blank U.S. passports, grams and examples of abuse in the program ture of local democratic government. By exam­ by unscrupulous schools defrauding students digging obsolete listening devices out of ining city operations, the delegation will gain a plaster walls and pilfering personal items and taxpayers. Countless students have left firsthand view of democratic government in ac­ from the work stations of American Em­ postsecondary education with thousands of tion. I am pleased that the city of Flint will play bassy personnel. One firefighter was caught dollars in student loans and little or no edu­ an integral role in promoting the implementa­ walking out of the building cradling the cational skills, which in turn has left these stu­ tion of democracy in Poland. briefcase of the second-ranking U.S. dip­ dents unable to obtain or keep jobs to pay Members of the Kielce delegation to Flint in­ lomat in Moscow. No doubt he was thought­ back their loans. The cost of the Federal guar­ fully trying to save the documents therein clude Mayor Robert Rzepka; Zbigniew from becoming charred or waterlogged. antee for default payments is $2.7 billion for Szcaepanczyk, the mayor's plenipotentiary on The fire reportedly damaged CIA and Na­ this year alone. foreign affairs; Grzegorz Grudzinski, city coun­ tional Security Agency office space and se­ Since the Higher Education Act will expire cil of Kielce; Dr. Andrezj Bednarz, headmaster curity and listening equipment, effectively of the college of self-government administra­ denying the U.S. government any secure this September, we have the opportunity to tion in Kielce; and Tomasz Raczynski, lecturer haven in the Soviet capital. guarantee accountability in the Federal prer at the Technical University. It's one thing to imagine the Albanian mis­ grams. As a result of my intention to correct sion to Bucharest doing business out of a Mr. Speaker, I ask my colleagues in the Winnebago. But for the world's greatest the system, I am introducing the Integrity in U.S. House of Representatives to join me in Higher Education Act. power to handle security at its embassy in welcoming the members of the Kielce delega­ the capital of the world's second greatest The current Federal system relies on a triad tion. The city of Flint is proud to participate in power in this fashion is unpardonable. of players to ensure the integrity of the Fed­ the Sister Cities International Program and The "new" U.S. Embassy in Moscow is a eral programs. Unfortunately, the current sys­ embraces the opportunity to extend the demer monument to the failure of detente. The deal cratic tradition upon which our own great Na­ for its construction, which was negotiated in tem has not been as successful as it should 1972, put the Soviet mission on top of Wash­ be. As State governments are in the closest tion is founded. ington's Mount Alto, where listening devices position to postsecondary institutions which could be targeted downhill at the Pentagon benefit from the Federal dollar, the Integrity in and the State Department. Meanwhile, some TIME TO TEAR DOWN THE NEW Higher Education Act will focus on increasing of the lowest ground in Moscow was set aside UNITED STATES EMBASSY IN the role of the State government. The bill for the new U.S. compound. The Soviets MOSCOW brought their embassy in from the Mother­ assures integrity in education programs by land piece by piece. We let them build ours. providing additional resources to States and And they riddled its very superstructure requiring minimum standards for managing the HON. DOUG BEREUfER with listening devices that cannot be re­ Federal programs. It directs the States to OF NEBRASKA moved without demolishing the building. oversee the quality of services offered by IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Last month the House voted to let the State Department decide what to do about postsecondary education institutions and in­ Thursday, June 20, 1991 the new embassy in Moscow. The State De­ cludes standards for educational excellence Mr. BEREUTER. Mr. Speaker, the United partment reportedly favorR keeping the provided by the schools. States has long known that the new U.S. Em­ building, tearing down the top two floors and The bill requires: First, the Secretary of Edu­ bassy in Moscow poses grave security risks. adding four more. A better idea would be to tear the whole thing down and start from cation to develop objective performance stand­ The building has been thoroughly com­ promised; it will be impossible to handle clas­ scratch- using American labor and American ards for the administration of the Federal prer steel. grams; and second, each State to approve an sified material or discuss sensitive issues in institution only if the institution can comply the Soviet constructed portions of the building. The use of the lower floors on matters not with State standards for such items as finan­ TRIBUTE TO LT. GEN. CARL deemed sensitive will in fact jeopardize secu­ cial and administrative capacity, facilities, SPAATZ rity and sensitive operations as this Member equipment and supplies. has explained in debate on this issue earlier HON. GUS YATRON Mrs. LOWEY and I are introducing this bill to this year during the State Department author­ OF PENNSYLVANIA promote discussion of the issues. We do not ization bill. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES intend for this bill to be the final product; how­ I invite my colleagues' attention to the fol­ ever, it does represent our strong concern for lowing editorial from the June 12, 1991, edi­ Thursday, June 20, 1991 integrity in the Higher Education Act and qual­ tion of the Washington Times. Mr. YATRON. Mr. Speaker, I rise today with ity of educational services provided to our Na­ [From the Washington Times, June 12, 1991] much pride to honor a man of glowing creden­ tion's students. We invite your comments and A NEW EMBASSY IN MOSCOW tials and tremendous accomplishments on his 1OOth birthday. Lt. Gen. Carl A. Spaatz has hope that you will cosponsor this bill. In joining If President Bush and Mikhail Gorbachev us you will be ensuring integrity in the higher carry through with the summit meeting ten­ given so much to our country in his 100 years, education programs. tatively planned to convene in Moscow and I think we should all take this opportunity sometime next month, U.S. security arrange­ to congratulate him on his wonderful achieve­ ments there will less resemble the intrigues ments. 15854 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 20, 1991 Lieutenant General Spaatz was born on received by individuals held in Kuwaiti police A series of documented post-liberation June 28, 1891, in Boyertown, PA. He grad­ or military custody. killings of people in police and military cus­ uated from the Military Academy at West Point Kuwait's continued violation of the basic tody substantiates this view. One Palestin­ human and civil rights of its citizens and resi­ ian man arrested in early March and held in as America was preparing to enter World War the military detention facility for one I. Although Spaatz was fairly young at this dents is a scandal. It should be deplored and month told me of 11 prisoners killed by tor­ time, he made great contributions to the war condemned vigorously by the United States ture. I was able to confirm at least three effort, including the shooting down of three and all the democratic nations of the world, other cases of Palestinians murdered in po­ German Fokker planes. For his efforts, Spaatz and it should stop immediately: lice or military custody. received the Distinguished Service Cross for MASS GRAVES IN KUWAIT In an important speech on May 26, Crown heroism in action. When the war ended, (By Kenneth Roth) Prince Sheik Saad al-Abdallah acknowledged Spaatz dedicated himself to establishing the On the southern outskirts of Kuwait City, for the first time that prisoners were being al-Riqqa cernetary guards the dark underside mistreated, and vowed to prosecute those re­ American forces in the air as the most power­ sponsible. To fulfill this pledge, he should ful in the world. In order to achieve this goal, of Kuwait's liberation. In a corner is a sec­ tion marked "collective graves." Here lie begin by ordering an investigation into the Spaatz helped develop several innovative many victims of Kuwait's ordeal-not only bodies at al-Riqqa cemetery. methods of flight. It was at this time that the those felled by Iraq's secret police but also Independent forensic scientists, accom­ transcontinental flight was improved substan­ those who have died at Kuwaiti hands since panied by expert international observers, tially, and the refueling endurance trip was liberation. should exhume the graves to determine the also attempted. In one such endurance flight, Twenty-four of the graves appear to date cause of death. Hospital records should be from the Iraqi occupation, judging from the examined to ascertain which bodies carne· Spaatz completed a refueling operation de­ from police stations or other detention fa­ spite being drenched with scalding aviation height of the weeds and the dates posted on several makeshift markers. The remaining 20 cilities. Security officers found responsible gasoline, thus helping to keep the plane in the mass graves, their earth freshly turned, ap­ for abuses should be arrested and vigorously air for 150 hours and 40 minutes. These pear to have been dug more recently. Terri­ prosecuted. heroics in the famous "Question Mark" inci­ fied grave diggers whispered to me that The mass graves at al-Riqqa cemetery dent earned him the Distinguished Flying many of the bodies shows signs of unspeak­ clearly do not reflect the full extent of the Cross in 1929. able torture. killing in liberated Kuwait; some victims Lieutenant General Spaatz continued to be The registry book in a room in the grave have been identified and given individual extraordinarily successful in the field of avia­ diggers' compound provides clues about the burials, while others may be buried else­ newer graves. Some are filled with Iraqi vic­ where. tion during the 1930's, and World War II pro­ tims: bodies held for burial until after libera­ But the cemetery is a critical starting vided him with the perfect opportunity to dis­ tion. But the book also records the burial of point for confronting the official violence play all that he had learned. His first assign­ 54 "unidentified bodies" of people who ap­ that has left many non-Kuwaiti residents, ment in the war was to assist in the invasion pear to have died since March ~a week particularly the Palestinian community, ter­ of North Africa, which he did by commanding after liberation. When the registry shows a rified. the force that became known as the cause of death, the victims are described as As Kuwait rebuilds, a top priority should Spaatzwaffe. As the war progressed, Spaatz "killed," in contrast to "natural causes" be the establishment of a system of account­ cited elsewhere. As required, most of the ability that would bring to justice those re­ was appointed to several other key positions, bodies were first received at hospital sponsible for these abuses, allow victims' including the leadership of the U.S. Strategic morgues; this resulted in a paper trail. I was families to confirm the fate of their loved Air Forces in the European theater. His direc­ able to obtain documentation for two un­ ones, and begin to stem the cycle of violence tion of the strategic bombing against the Ger­ identified bodies received from Farwantyya and recrimination that threatens to tear the mans throughout 1944 was vital in America's Hospital and buried March 19. A March 18 nation apart. success against Hitler's forces. As the war in hospital memo reveals that the bodies of Europe came to a close, Spaatz was reas­ people who died March 12 and 13 were re­ ceived from the Ardhiyya police station. CABLE TV COMPETITION IS THE signed to the Far East, where American air In one unusual entry in the grave diggers' power was instrumental in completing the vic­ registry book, an unidentified male buried WAY TO GO tory over the Japanese. By this time, the May 30 was received not from a hospital but greatness of his achievements was widely rec­ directly from the Sabah al-Salern police sta­ HON. JOHN J. DUNCAN, JR. ognized, as he had already achieved the title tion. When I asked at the station about him, OF TENNESSEE I was told variously that he was a drug ad­ of three star lieutenant general and was called IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES • the best air commander I know by General Ei­ dict and a car accident victim, but there was no plausible explanation of why the body was Thursday, June 20, 1991 senhower. not first brought to a hospital morgue. Mr. Speaker, I hope that you and my col­ Interviews with three Palestinians and one Mr. DUNCAN. Mr. Speaker, I have spoken leagues will join me in honoring Lieutenant Iraqi provided a glimpse of what might have on the House floor several times, both last General Spaatz. This outstanding gentleman happened. Arrested in mid-May and brought year and earlier this year, with regard to allow­ is most deserving of all of the accolades he to the Sabah al-Salem police station, they ing competition in the cable television industry. has received, and I would like to thank him for were put through a routine so well orches­ As I have said before, increased competition everything he has done for this country and trated the officers had names for the torture in cable TV would do more than any amount chambers. of regulation at either the Federal or local level wish him the best of luck in the future. The youths said that after questioning­ "How many Kuwaiti girls did you rape? How to hold down subscription costs and improve many Kuwaiti officers did you turn in to the service to consumers. MASS GRAVES IN KUWAIT Iraqis?"-they were led through what the po­ I am pleased that the newspaper USA lice called the party room, barbecue room Today in its Friday, June 14, 1991, issue pub­ HON. ROMANO L MAUOU and drinking juice room. In each, they said, lished an editorial advocating cable television at least a dozen uniformed troops tortured competition. OF KENTUCKY them: beatings with sticks and poles; elec­ I would like to bring this editorial to the at­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tric shocks. and burns with cigarettes and tention of my colleagues and ask that it be re­ Thursday, June 20, 1991 heated rods, and forced drinking of what smelled like sewage water. printed in the RECORD: Mr. MAZZOLI. Mr. Speaker, I have spoken Who is responsible for the deaths of the 54 COMPETITION HELPS CABLE TV CUSTOMERS on numerous occasions on the House floor in al-Riqqa cemetery? That the killings ap­ Take it or leave it. about my concerns over the brand of justice pear to have occurred since March 6, after That's the only choice for most people who which Kuwait is meting out to those within its the first wave of private vengeance killings don't think they are getting their money's borders. following liberation had largely subsided, worth from cable TV. The following article by Kenneth Roth which suggests that organized forces are to blame. Jan Heffron, a six-year subscriber from So might the large number of unidentified Wheaton, lll., chose to cancel recently when appeared in the June 11 , 1991 New York dead in the country where, since liberation, her cable company raised its rates again and Times describes in stomach-churning detail the proliferation of checkpoints makes leav­ reduced its basic programming services. the mass graves on the outskirts of Kuwait ing horne without identity papers unthink­ Cable subscribers, now 60% of households, City and the shameful even illegal treatment able. shouldn't have to pull the plug like Heffron June 20, 1991 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 15855 when they get mad. They should be able to School of Foreign Service, and a year after TRffiUTE TO JUDGE T. CLARK switch to competing cable companies. joining Karnak as president, Bill and his father HULL But most communities today are served by founded NRG Barriers, in New Hampshire. His unregulated monopolies operating with ex­ clusive rights granted by local governments. success cannot only be attributed to his en­ HON. GARY A. FRANKS No cable alternative is available. ergy, his business acumen and his outstand­ OF CONNECTICUT The Federal Communications Commission ing qualities, but also to his broad experience IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES voted on Thursday to turn the clock back in world affairs and in dealing with critical do­ part way, to 1984 when local governments mestic issues. Thursday, June 20,1991 regulated cable rates. Besides the master's program from George­ Mr. FRANKS of Connecticut. Mr. Speaker, The writer across this page is right; the town University, Bill also attended the Harvard last week, the State of Connecticut became a new FCC regulation is a mistake. But he's summer program in international political eco­ little bit poorer. One of my State's quintessen­ mistaken, too, to call for even more finan­ nomics, as well as having been a political jour­ cial regulation of the cable TV industry. tial public servants stepped down after dec­ That would discourage, not encourage nalist and foreign policy analyst here and ades of making life better for all Connecticut competition. New operators would be dis­ abroad. He has testified before Senate and residents. suaded from entering new markets con­ congressional committees and serves as an Connecticut Supreme Court Justice T. Clark trolled by local politicians. advisor to the Environmental Protection Agen­ Hull of Danbury will always be known as a Development of new technologies that cy Stratospheric Ozone Advisory Committee. "people's man." Last week, on his 70th birth­ offer promising cable TV alternatives would Despite all of these important business and day, Judge Hull retired from the bench. It is be delayed without the incentive to compete Government duJies, Bill is also active in a vari­ appropriate that his birthday is Flag Day. in open markets. While Flag Day symbolizes our most treas­ And the viewers' choice would still be: ety of specifically Jewish causes such as Take it or leave it. AIPAC, of which he is national committee ured symbol, Judge Hull symbolizes what is In its early days, cable TV delayed service member, and UJA, where he has been active good about politics-hard work, compassion, to many communities and slowed down de­ since his high school years in the late 1960's and a sense of humor. velopment of new programming services. when he served as chairman of the teenage Born in 1921 in Danbury, Judge Hull at­ Rate regulation should be a last resort. fundraising drive and chairman of the cabinet tended Exeter Academy and graduated from The FCC is attacking the wrong problem as well as a trustee of the Rabbinical College Yale University with a bachelor of arts degree today. of New Jersey. Locally, Bill is the assistant in 1942, and from Harvard Law School in The lack of cable regulation is not what 1948. He also served his country, with the caused the anger of cable subscribers in Chi­ treasurer of the Southern Maine Jewish Fed­ cago, Lebanon Junction, Ky., and South eration and chairman of the York County fund­ U.S. Air Force, from 1942 to 1946. Florida. raising drive. After establishing a law firm in Danbury, The lack of real competition is the real Mr. Speaker I am proud to join in paying Judge Hull was elected to th~ Connecticut problem. tribute to this exceptional man. He is among State Senate in 1963 and easily returned to And that won't get any better until local those outstanding few who truly make a dif­ office three times. officials quit granting long, exclusive operat­ ference in society. I extend my best wishes to In 1970, he staged one of the most remark­ ing agreements like those in Broward Coun­ him on this special occasion. able moments in Connecticut political history ty, Fla., that are for as many as 30 years. during the State Republican Convention in Competition works. The 65 cities with com­ peting systems pay 18 percent less than sub­ Hartford. As chairman of the convention, scribers in monopoly markets, according to a SOVIETS INTEND TO PURCHASE 50 Judge Hull was charged with the difficult task survey by Consumers Research magazine. MILLION DOLLARS' WORTH OF of keeping the party faithful, happy, and in When competition moved into Montgom­ ALMONDS order while party leaders met to find a can­ ery, Ala., rates dropped $2 a month for twice didate for Lieutenant Governor to run with as many channels. In Henderson, Tenn., com­ HON. GARY CONDIT former U.S. Representative Thomas Meskill. petition cut rates $5 for doubled the chan­ OF CALIFORNIA By using his gentle Irish humor, some sing­ nels. ing, and a breezy repartee with the delegates, Local governments should remove all ob­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Judge Hull built an instant bond with the as­ stacles to cable competitiop. Local officials Thursday, June 20, 1991 should just get out of the picture and let sembly. Before the night went out and the cable viewers control the cable companies. Mr. CONDIT. Mr. Speaker, despite the se­ dawn came in, the convention nominated The FCC should be breaking up monopo­ vere economic difficulties the Soviet Union is Judge Hull for Lieutenant Governor. lies, not piling more unnecessary regulation. experiencing, it remains an important export Along with then Governor Meskill, Hull was Competition is the best regulator. market for the United States. Agricultural ex­ elected. He served for 2 years before being ports to the Soviet Union are very important to nominated to the Connecticut Superior Court. our economy. He served on that court for 10 years before CONGRATULATIONS TO WILLIAM In particular, exports of almonds from Cali­ Gov. William A. O'Neill appointed him to the SLOANE JELIN fornia to the Soviet Union have enjoyed a long appellate court for 4 years, and then to the history. Almonds were exported to the Soviet highest court in Connecticut, on September HON. ROBERT G. TORRICELU Union before it was fashionable to export agri­ 25, 1987. OF NEW JERSEY cultural products there. In fact, almond exports Judge Hull has served at all levels of gov­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES to the Soviet Union began in the late sixties. ernment, but he has never lost sight of his The Soviets are very good customers. calling. He has treated all people as equals. Thursday, June 20, 1991 I was pleased to see that credit has been He has shown an appreciation for the bur­ Mr. TORRICELLI. Mr. Speaker, it is with made available to the Soviet Union through dens Connecticut residents face each day of great respect and admiration that I address the GSM-1 02 Program. This credit will enable their lives. my colleagues in the House today, for I rise to the Soviet Union to continue to purchase al­ But Judge Hull knows the law. He lives by extend my heartiest congratulations and monds from California. In fact, almonds grown it, respects it, challenges it, and brings a level warmest best wishes to William Sloane Jelin in my district often go to the Soviet Union. of decency to it which will serve as a positive, as he is honored as the American Roofing In­ Therefore, the Soviet use of this credit to pur­ inspirational example to future public servants. dustries "Man of the Year" for 1991. chase almonds will have a major impact .in the Mr. Speaker, Judge Hull is leaving a large Bill is a dedicated, respected man who has San Joaquin Valley of California. shadow behind as he moves from the foot­ risen quickly to the top of the American roofing It is understood that the Soviets intend to lights of public life, but he is not bowing for the industry. He is the president of Karnak Corp. purchase 50 million dollars' worth of almonds. last curtain call. and CEO of NRG Barriers, both leading forces Farmer members of the cooperative, Blue Dia­ Fortunately, Judge Hull will still be serving in the industry. mond, have told me how important the Soviet as State judicial referee in his native town-­ Bill's rapid rise to eminence, dating only market is. It is understood that trade with the Danbury. I know he will continue his fine tradi­ from 1975, when a year after finishing a mas­ Soviet Union has led to lasting frienpships. I tion of service. More importantly, I know Judge ter's program at the Georgetown University certainly support this trend in our relations. Hull will still be able to enliven his community 15856 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 20, 1991 with his activism, his keen insights, and his ir­ man shot in the legs in front of his elderly must be permitted legal representations and replaceable wit. wife (whom we met), who was forced to leave they must be held in prisons in republics him behind; many instances of rape and neutral to the conflict, there must be free­ beating. In the presence of Soviet soldiers, a dom of information and freedom to commu­ frail elderly woman (whom we met), forced nicate with family and friends. Since the REPORT OF THE ANDREI at gunpoint to stand in a barrel and beaten conflict seems a question of deportations be­ SAKHAROV MEMORIAL CON- on the head, was asked to identify 'bandits' tween the Armenian republic and the Union, GRESS DELEGATION TO ARME­ and threatened with decapitation. Soldiers ideally they could be released to return to NIA AND AZERBAIJAN, MAY 25-31, mutilated ears of girls and young women their homes. 1991 while ripping off their ear rings. Marshal Yazov in an interview at 10 am 3. Forced Deportation: Hundreds of villag­ · Wednesday 30 May, promised to look into HON. EDWARD F. FEIGHAN ers were forced at gun point to leave all their this question personally. belongings and sign letters of "voluntary" ADDITIONAL CONTRIBUTION TO PRESS OF OHIO consent to deportation. One whole village CONFERENCE IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES was deported at night and the people left over the border in the pouring rain at mid­ Findings Thursday, June 20, 1991 night with no possessions. We are concerned We have visited and conducted interviews Mr. FEIGHAN. Mr. Speaker, yesterday I had that new forced deportations may be immi­ with refugees. Soviet troops stationed on the the pleasure of meeting Mr. Zori Balyan, a nent. We urge that they should not occur and border, and Armenian and Azerbaijani mili­ tia and have contacted officials from both peoples' deputy representing the region of that atrocities should not be repeated. 4. Abduction and Imprisonment: Many ex­ republics. We also inspected physical evi­ Nagorno-Karabakh in the U.S.S.R. He de­ amples including 2 doctors sent to provide dence of destruction. We have found forced scribed the dire situation in that troubled re­ medical care who were abducted, imprisoned deportations of whole villages affecting gion in lucid detail. and beaten daily (Photo taken). thousands of Armenians that have been per­ As I am sure you know, the people of Arme­ 5. Destruction of Homes, Looting and petrated in the last month. Villagers from nia have begun to express renewed national Theft of Livestock: Tanks, shell and heli­ Getashen (Chaikend), Berdadzor and Gadrut pride and are striving to establish democracy copter fire used to destroy homes; gasoline areas have been deported on respectively and freedom in their part of the world. used to burn property. An 80-year-old man April 30, May 6, and May 14-16. These depor­ tations have proceeded according to a simi­ Nagorno-Karabakh, an ethnically Armenian was burnt in his home. Livestock, auto­ mobiles and other property was confiscated­ lar pattern. Villagers were surrounded by So­ enclave within the Republic of Azerbaijan, is other humiliating types of offer of derisory viet internal troops using tanks, helicopters, the focus of increased ethnic tension between payment (3 roubles for a car). and armoured personnel carriers. These Armenians and Azerbaijanis. The conduct of 6. Destruction of Churches, Schools and troops and Azerbaijani OMON entered the Soviet troops there has made a bad situation other Public Buildings. villages and detained residents. OMON worse. 7. Murder, Abduction and Accounts of Im­ operatives reportedly killed, tortured, as­ I call upon all peoples of the region, and the prisonment of Law Enforcement Officers: saulted, and harassed Armenians. Houses, This has created a state of fear. We met rel­ Soviet forces dispatched there, to refrain from cars, livestock, and other personal property atives of many militiamen and civilians who were illegally seized by OMON and local Az­ violence and to settle their differences through had been abducted. We are concerned over erbaijani villagers acting in concert with peaceful negotiation. their grief and urge that an immediate effort them who often brought trucks to load The Andrei Sakharov Memorial Congress should be made to release those held or to looted goods. Churches, hospi tala and schools sent a delegation to Armenia and Azerbaijan assure that they stand trial according to fair were damaged or destroyed. Reports corrobo­ last month in order to provide the world with legal procedures. This matter was raised rated by official sources confirm that R a clear picture of the situation there. I would with Marshal Yazov this morning who said Mamedov, First Deputy Minister of Internal he would look into it. Affairs of Azerbaijan, Chairmen of like to share the Sakharov delegation's report In a visit to Azerbaijan in a village in the with my colleagues. It offers excellent guide­ Raispolkoms, district chiefs of militia and Nakhichevan region we spoke to local mili­ KGB, and other local officials were present lines to the leaders of the Soviet Union on tia and villagers who expressed grievances and directed aspects of the operation. Inhab­ how to promote peace and human rights concerning continuing armed conflict and re­ itants' requests for military protection went there. I urge all who are interested in human curring shelling causing damage to property. unheeded. In particular Colonel Zhukov, So­ rights to read this .report: We were concerned at the armed forces be­ viet Military Commandant of Nagorno­ longing to the militia (OMON); they included Karabakh, responded that he could do noth- · PRESS STATEMENT: MOSCOW, WEDNESDAY, non-professional recruits who were promptly MAY 29, 1991-PRESENTED BY THE BARONESS ing. Before and during the operations resi­ given the rank of sergeant. dents were forced by the OMON to sign state­ COX, LEADER OF THE DELEGATION In another vis! t to Azerbaijan across the An international group of participants ments of "voluntary" departure, often by border from a northern Armenian village of torture, beating and death threats. The evi­ from the first International Andrei Sakharov Voskepar, a group of six delegates walked Memorial Congress, coming from USA, UK, dence suggests that many were forced to de­ across the border to meet the Azeris there part without signing anything. Those who Japan, Norway, and other parts of USSR, re­ and to hear their version of events. No vil­ turned today from an independent fact-find­ signed were often told to address their state­ lager had walked this road for a month; they ments to Mr. Polyanichko, Second Secretary ing mission to the border region of Armenia tried to discourage us because it was too and Azerbaijan. The mission was led by Bar­ of the Central Committee of the Communist dangerous. We had discussions with villagers Party of Azerbaijan. oness Cox, a deputy speaker of the House of on both sides, who had been friendly two Lords. In connection with these deportations, nu­ years ago. The Major on the Azeri side said merous individuals have disappeared or are On the basis of interviews and observations there had been many family tragedies; but at 16 different sites in both Armenia and missing after being taken into the custody of that is no excuse for revenge. All were happy Azerbaijani and Soviet authorities. At the Azerbaijan (because of the complex situation that we took the effort to understand them. we wished to hear the views of both the Ar­ On May 6, eleven Armenian militiamen same time there were several incursions by menians and the Azeris), and of interviews Azerbaijani OMON units, accompanied by were killed near Voskepar in Armenia by units of the USSR Internal Ministry forces, within Yerevan with hospital patients, rel­ shots probably from a helicopter. About 14 atives of prisoners, and Government offi­ into the territory of Armenia. Over eighty were ta:ken prisoner. There are other pris­ individuals reported by Armenian authori­ cials, we believe that serious violations of oners. The Azeris claim that the Armenian human rights and of Soviet and inter­ ties to be members of the Armenian militia militiamen are bandits-the Armenians call were taken prisoner and transported to Azer­ national law have occurred and are still oc­ them a legal local defense force. We do not curring. Our concerns include: baijan, where some are now reportedly facing want to interfere in internal affairs, but it is charges. 1. Killings-e.g. Eye-witness accounts of a vital to notice the civil rights issues in­ man shot in the throat 30 times in front of We also obtained credible testimony that volved. The Armenian village has no one to villagers detained or captured soldier who his pregnant wife whom he was trying to de­ defend them, we saw no guns and there was fend from a beating; a priest shot while re­ have since been exchanged for some impris­ no Soviet army present-whereas in the oned villagers. monstrating with soldiers, who accused him Azeri village we counted over 6 submachine of paramilitary activities. We were also guns and many OMON troops, and there is CONCLUSIONS given accounts of multiple killings in several also a Soviet Army headquarters. The recent Internal troops subordinated to Soviet villages. damage all came from the Azeri side. MVD have conducted actions coordinated 2. Beatings, Torture and Physical As­ The detained prisoners must be treated with Azerbaijani OMON forcibly to deport sault-e.g. A paralysed, bed-ridden elderly fairly. They must be given a fair trial, they entire villages, often brutalizing civilians, June 20, 1991 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 15857 including women, children, and elderly per­ surances of a fair trial by provided to all de­ looting and banditry, brutality, and violence sons. Gross violations of internationally tainees and that appropriate authorities con­ directed against women, children, and the el­ guaranteed human rights have been found, in cerned with the administration of justice derly. clear violation of the International Covenant consider whether justice would best be Various officials including one from the of Civil and Political Rights and other inter­ served by transferring any criminal proceed­ Ministry of Internal Affairs of Azerbaijan, national agreements to which the USSR is a ings outside the affected area. said that the Azerbaijani side would be open signatory. We found credible and compelling 10. We urge the authorities to ensure that to third party independent mediation, in­ evidence that additional deportation and re­ human rights are fully respected in Armenia cluding observers. The United Nations and a lated abuses are being planned by Azer­ and Azerbaijan without discrimination. third neutral country were suggested. baijani and Soviet authorities and are immi­ Felice Gaer, USA. Azerbaijani officials expressed discontent nent unless immediate action is taken to Shin-ichi Masagaki, Japan. that the Armenian side has been unwilling to prevent them. Caroline Croft, USA. accept a 10 km buffer zone. Alexej Semyonov, USA. RECOMMENDATIONS David Leopold, USA. RECOMMENDATIONS 1. As a matter of utmost urgency, to pro­ Miiko Kataoko, Japan. In addition to all recommendations we pre­ tect lives and to prevent further suffering, Yuri Samodurov, USSR, Executive Direc­ sented in our original report and in its ad­ we insist that President Gorbachev, Minister tor of the Organizing Committee, First dendum, we further recommend that NKAO of Internal Affairs Pugo, and President International Andrei Sakharov Memorial and surrounding Armenian villages in Azer­ Mutalibov of Azerbaijan: Order immediately Congress. baijan, within thirty days, be opened to a de­ and unequivocally that no other deporta­ Alexander Goldin, USSR, Secretary of the tailed inspection by a group from the Inter­ tions occur; stop use of excessive force in the Organizing Committee, First International national Andrei Sakharov Memorial Con­ region, bearing in mind the requirements of Andrei Sakharov Memorial Congress. gress, "Peace, Progress, and Human Rights". the United Nations Code of Conduct for Law Caroline Cox, UK. David W. Leopold Esq; Robert L. Enforcement Officials, which permits the use John Marks, UK. Arsenault Jr.; Yuri Samodurov; Alex­ of force only when strictly necessary, and in Scott Horton, USA. ander E. Goldin. proportion to the threat. To this end we ur­ Robert L. Arsenault, Jr., USA. gently call for the immediate withdrawal Professor Richard Wilson gave an individ­ and disbandment of Azerbaijani OMON ual report which agrees with the above in its TRIBUTE TO CAROL M. STROM forces. general conclusions. 2. The relevant authorities, including Min­ ister Pugo, Procurator General of the USSR REPORT OF A GROUP OF EXPERTS FROM THE HON. CARL D. PURSEl! N Trubin, and the Minister of Internal Af­ INTERNATIONAL DELEGATION ON THEIR VISIT OF MICHIGAN fairs, Azerbaijan SSR should provide a full TO BAKU, MAY 30-JUNE 1, 1991 IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES accou.nt of the names, locations and charges, On May 30, 1991 five persons (two staff if any, against all detainees and in particular members, two foreign participants, and one Thursday, June 20, 1991 they should account for all the disappeared. foreign journalist) travelled to Azerbaijan Mr. PURSELL. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to 3. President Gorbachev, Minister Pugo, under the aegis of the First Andrei Sakharov pay tribute to an outstanding member of the President Mutalibov, and the Military Com­ Memorial Congress. In a letter presented to mandant of Nagorno-Karabakh, Colonel Zhu­ community of Livonia in my home State of Azerbaijan leaders, we requested meetings Michigan. The subject of this tribute is Mrs. kov, should take immediate steps to provide with the leaders of Azerbaijan, including the safe conditions for the deportees to return to Azerbaijani President. We requested visits to Carol M. Strom, a retiring member of the their homes. the following areas: villages of the Shusha Livonia Public Schools Board. 4. These authorities should declare the region and the Gadrut region of NKAO, from For more than 20 years, Mr. Speaker, Carol areas of deportation a disaster area and re­ which large numbers of Armenians have fled, Strom has been active in the Livonia school quest national and international humani­ in addition to the villages of the Shumyan system and the Livonia community. She is one tarian aid to rebuild the economy and infra­ region and to the cities of Stepanakert and of those individuals who, through the tireless structure of the deported villages; and pro­ Hodjaly. While our requests were presented vide all facilities to enable protection and contribution of time and effort, has set an ex­ repeatedly during our visit, including to Az­ ample worthy of recognition. Allow me to re­ aid to be given to the victims of internal erbaijani President A. Mutalibov and Dr. A. strife. Dashdamirov, Chairman of the Permanent trace her many years of service: 5. International confidence-building meas­ Commission on State Sovereignty of the Su­ Starting in 1968, Carol was elected the ures should be instituted, including the pres­ preme Soviet of the Azerbaijani Republic, president of the Randolph School PTA. From ence of international obervers to oversee the the only request that was met was a series of this start, she has moved on to fill numerous safety of the population and distribution of meetings with leaders and officials of Azer­ PTA positions throughout the district and the aid to victims. 6. The Supreme Soviet of the USSR should baijan. Our request to visit specific areas of State-including being the Michigan PTA sec­ create a special commission to i'nvestigate conflict was denied. retary. the validity and credibility of the state­ FINDINGS In 1975, Carol was elected to the Livonia ments of voluntary departure and issue a In a meeting with Presidnet Mutalibov and Public Schools Board for the first time. Since public report within thirty days. Dr. DAshdamirov, we found these officials to then, she has continued to be reelected to 3- 7. We further ask the Soviet government to be justifying current deportations and un­ year terms. During her years on the board, invite to the USSR the UN Special willing to exclude future deportations of Ar­ Carol has been selected to serve as secretary, Rapporteur on Summary and Arbitrary Exe­ menians from NKAO. The aim of this policy cutions to investigate the killings which oc­ of deportation is to make Armenian authori­ · vice president, and president. curred during the deportations. ties abolish a decree adopted by the Supreme With a school board tenure which spans 8. As a stabilizing measure, we believe that Soviet of Armenia according to which, "Ar­ three decades, Carol Strom has played an im­ protection to the Armenian and Azerbaijani menia agrees to include NKAO in its com­ portant part in the ongoing succes~ of the villagers should only be provided by Soviet position at the request of the latter" Livonia public school system. Residents and troops who are rotated on a frequent basis, (Karabakh). The aim of the policy of forced students have benefited from her participation serve on both sides of the Armenian-Azer­ deportations is to "clear the area of bases and leadership as a school board member. baijan! border, and are ethnically balanced, used by Armenian paramilitary troops". In addition to her PTA and school board unlike the present situation in which 50% or We also had meetings with representatives more of these troops are local Azerbaijani re­ of the Azerbaijani intelligentsia who ex­ work, Carol has been active in other volunteer cruits. pressed unanimous concern that public opin­ efforts, including Camp Fire Girls, numerous 9. We recommend that international au­ ion, in the USSR and abroad, which strongly projects at the Schoolcraft College Women's thorities (particularly including the Inter­ condemned deportations of Armenians was Resource Center, the Livonia Branch of the national Committee of the Red Cross) be in­ not strong enough in condemning the depor­ American Association of University Women, vited by the Soviet authorities to visit all tations of Azerbaijanis which took place in and the March of Dimes. prisoners taken in connection with recent 1988. The President of Azerbaijan and mem­ Throughout the years, many of these orga­ events to verify that such prisoners are bers of the Azerbaijani intelligentsia are nizations have recognized Carol's efforts and being held in healthy and humane conditions concerned that world public opinion has been away from any area of conflict, are advised unduly influened by an "Armenian lobby". leadership with awards and other forms of of charges against them, if any, and are af­ No official with whom we met denied the honor. forded legal counsel to prepare their defense. possibility that Azerbaijani OMON forces are On a more personal side, Carol is married We urge that all due process rights and as- engaged in atrocities, including killings, and the mother of four children. She has been 15858 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 20, 1991 employed as a teacher and Census Bureau Experts are crossing oceans to view the perpetual agreement," or a process that coordinator. startling transformation of Magma from a takes care of problems as they arise as op­ Mr. Speaker, it is with a great sense of pride hotbed of labor-management strife to a test­ posed to a three-y.ear contract negotiated on ing ground of cooperative harmony. deadline. that I ask my colleagues to join me today in There is talk that bargaining showdowns One advantage to such a new-style agree­ paying tribute to an outstanding citizen and every three years may become a thing of the ment which Shelton offhandedly refers to as personal friend-Carol M. Strom. I wish her past. And new team efforts tapping "people "This Thing" offers enticing possibility of continued success as she brings this chapter potential" have yielded startling productiv­ ending the near-siege mentality that some­ of her career to a close and moves on to new ity improvements that veterans of the com­ times grips a community as labor contracts and different endeavors. pany can hardly believe. near expiration and bargaining bravado in­ Some say what has happened at Magma in creases. the last two years is nothing short of revolu­ "There will be a lot less stress on fami­ TEAM WORK tionary. lies," he said. A TENTATIVE NOD Magma President Winter calls the revolu­ Leaders of a coalition of unions represent­ tion of attitudes at the company "quite fas­ HON. JIM KOlBE ing Magma's hourly workers last week gave cinating." OF ARIZONA a tentative nod to a company plan that could Winter is sure that the estimated $3 mil­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES open up a whole new mining operation at lion that Magma has spent on the thousands San Manuel later in the decade. of hours of meetings and the professional Thursday, June 20, 1991 Magma hopes to use the new spirit of co­ consultants to develop the JUMCC process is Mr. KOLBE. Mr. Speaker, we hear a lot of operation among its workers to go forward already paying off in higher productivity and talk these days about the conflicts between with a $90 million plan that could save 1,500 lower costs. "I labor and management. We are told these jobs in 1997 and extend the working life of Aside from that, Winter said, am really San Manuel's underground operations well having so much fun now I can hardly stand conflicts will prevent the United States from into the next century. it." staying competitive in the increasingly tough The plan to develop the deep "Kalamazoo" POURING MONEY INTO KALAMAZOO world mar1Medicare and non-Medicare ex­ estry agencies grow their own seedlings in tainment efforts. In terms of the deviation penditures. Most notably, between 1982 and large numbers that keep the cost per tree very from the historical upward trend, we esti­ 1988 the number of inpatient days used by low. Since my bill specifies that only low main­ mated that inpatient days were reduced by Medicare patients fell by 41 percent, whereas tenance trees be planted in suitable rights-of­ more than 28 percent between 1981 and 1988. the number of days used by non-Medicare pa­ way, the costs associated with the upkeep of The year-by-year pattern of reductions is tients fell by only 15 percent. This finding in­ these tree would be small. For example, these perhaps of even greater relevance, since it dicates either that most of whatever days re­ suggests that further savings will be difficult main to be saved are in the non-Medicare trees would be planted in areas far enough to achieve. After a steady increase in the sector, or that the fraction of unnecessary from the roadside so that pruning of dead percentage of days saved through 1985, the days originally present in the Medicare sec­ limbs would not be needed. fraction of days saved shrank each year, so tor was substantially larger than that in the The highway tree planning initiative of 1991 that by 1988 there was virtually no savings. non-Medicare sector. will enhance and complement President This near-halt in the number of inpatient The pattern of increase in costs in the two Bush's 1o-year plan to plant, improve and days saved merits particular attention, be­ sectors was also remarkably different. Be­ maintain 1 billion trees a year. This program, cause it occurred in the face of continuous tween 1976 and 1982, real costs to Medicare called "America the Beautiful," was initiated as expansion of managed care and other ini tia­ rose at about twice the rate as in the non­ tives designed to reduce the number of inpa­ Medicare sector; between 1982 and 1988 the a result of the American peoples' concern for tient days overall. situation was completely reversed. Medicare the future of the Earth's environment. This The effect of the reduction in inpatient expenditures under the prospective payment concern has been focused on the deterioration days on the increase in hospital costs slowed system fell steadily, so that by 1987 and 1988 of our once abundant natural resources. The from an historical average of over 6 percent the increase averaged only 0.6 percent per bill I am introducing today will enhance this per year to about 2 percent per year by 1985. year. By contrast, the increase in non-Medi­ Nation's efforts to curb the greenhouse effect. By 1988, the increase in costs had returned to care expenditures accelerated to almost 9 This bill also augments the President's high­ a level above 6 percent. percent per year during this period. It is im­ way bill by building on a provision he has in­ Thus we conclude that efforts to contain portant to note that the large increases in cluded to set aside $5 million for the enhance­ costs did little to limit expenditures beyond Medicare costs that have been reported in decreasing the total number of inpatient the popular press have been driven to a con­ ment for scenic byways. The administration's days per year. Moreover, it seems likely that siderable extent by Medicare payments to bill also encourages landscaping and scenic the upward pressure on costs will continue in physicians, which rose by more than 11 per­ enhancement, "improvement of strips of land the future, as a result of wage increases re­ cent annually in 1987 and 1988. necessary for the restoration, preservation and quired to attract and hold personnel, a wave These data clearly indicate that the pri­ enhancement of significant environmental fea­ of expensive new forms of technology, a vate sector is carrying a steadily increasing tures and scenic beauty adjacent to high­ growing number of patients with the Ac­ share of the responsibilities for maintaining ways." My bill would add to the highway pro­ quired Immunodeficiency Syndrome, and a the quality of care for both Medicare and gram specific encouragement and funds for new commitment to insurance coverage for non-Medicare patients in the hospital. How the uninsured and underinsured. long this burden will be accepted by private planting trees. Our calculations include only changes in payers remains uncertain. I urge my colleagues to support what I think expenditure for acute care in hospitals and is a good and necessary piece of legislation. do not indicate the overall effect of these It puts into law an economical, safe and envi­ changes on system-wide expenditures for ORPHAN DRUG MARKETING ronmentally sound method of improving Ameri­ health care. When care is transferred to free­ PRACTICES ca's highway environment through the planting standing ambulatory care facilities and phy­ of trees. This bill, will, for the first time, estal:r sicians' offices, the resulting costs partially lish a clear policy of planting trees in highway offset the savings accomplished in hospital­ HON. GERRY E. STIJDDS corridors and address what should have been based care. Because there are no readily OF MASSACHUSETTS available measures of care shifted to settings IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES done long ago. outside the hospital. We have been unable to calculate the net savings to society. Thursday, June 20, 1991 The sharp slowing in the number of inpa­ THE HOSPITAL COST Mr. STUDDS. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to tient days saved per year suggests that a fur­ alert my colleagues to an excellent article CONTAINMENT ISSUE ther substantial reduction in inpatient days will be hard to achieve unless new practice which appeared in the June 16 New York HON. TERRY L BRUCE guidelines are successfully implemented. We Times magazine concerning the marketing of OF ILLINOIS also believe that the data indicate that recombinant human growth hormone [r-hGH]. The article details how one of two pharma­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES whatever further reductions are likely to be achieved will have only a limited and tran­ ceutical companies currently licensed to mar­ Thursday, June 20, 1991 sient effect on costs. ket r-hGH moved aggressively to expand its Mr. BRUCE. Mr. Speaker, the health care To illustrate this point, we estimated the market after securing a federally guaranteed debate is on all of our minds today, particu­ effect on costs of saving a total of 20 percent monopoly for its product under the Orphan larly the need to stop escalating health care more inpatient days between 1989 and 1995, for a total reduction of nearly 50 percent of Drug Act. The law provides market incentives costs. Last year the United States spent an inpatient days since 1981. Assuming that for the development of drug therapies for rare estimated $618 billion on health care, yet 37 each day eliminated saves 65 percent of the conditions. million Americans remain uninsured. Given the cost of an average day of inpatient care, the The article raises a number of interesting importance of this issue, I would like to insert increase in expenditures would be reduced by questions about current regulation of this cat­ into the RECORD excerpts from a recent article 2 percentage points annually. But because a egory of pharmaceuticals, and I commend it to in the New England Journal of Medicine, decrease in the number of inpatient days my colleagues: which discusses the hospital cost containment would almost inevitably be accompanied by HOW SHORT Is TOO SHORT issue. I think the results of that study will an increase in visits for ambulatory care, a reduction of this magnitude would probably (By Barry Werth) prove interesting to my colleagues. not be observed. If the increase in the num­ All Marco Oriti has ever wanted, ever HOSPITAL COST CONTAINMENT IN THE 1980'S: ber of visits for ambulatorty care were equal imagined, is to be taller. At his fifth birth­ HARD LESSONS LEARNED AND PROSPECTS to that in 1987 and 1988, much or all of the day party at a McDonald's in Los Angeles, he FOR THE 1990'S savings from cutbacks in inpatient care became sullen and withdrawn because he had (By William B. Schwartz, M.D. and Daniel N. would be offset. not suddenly grown as big as his friends who Mendelson, M.P.P.) Equally important, if by the mid-1990s we were already 5: in his simple child's calculus, Between 1981 and 1988, a period of intense are successful in eliminating nearly all re­ age equaled height, and Marco had awakened cost containment efforts, there was an ob- maining inappropriate inpatient days, no that morning still small. In the six years June 20, 1991 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 15861 since then, he has grown, but slowly, Genentech Inc., the world's prototype bio­ Syntex Corporation began selling birth con­ achingly, unlike other children. technology company. Such companies spe­ trol pills under its own name. For the indus­ "Everybody at school calls me shrimp and cialize in producing abundant quantities of try, it was a license to prove what until then stuff like that," he says. "They think scarce natural proteins by recombining ge­ had been a tantalizing but largely theoreti­ they're so rad. I feel like a loser. I feel like netic material. The first drug for humans to cal notion that recombinant DNA techniques I'm nothing." At age 11, Marco stands 4 feet be sold by such a company under the compa­ could produce quantities of valuable drugs, 1 inch-4 inches below average-and weighs ny's own name, Protropin has become a test drugs that would do things no one had seen 49 pounds. And he dreams, as all aggrieved case for challenging one of the central tenets before. kids do of a sudden, miraculous turnaround: of drug therapy: Because it was developed Genentech moved aggressively to capital­ "One day I want to, like, surprise them. Just less for specific disorders than because re­ ize on its good fortune, although conflicting come in and be taller than them." searchers had learned how to make it, dis­ conditions dictated a careful strategy. There Marco, a serious student and standout soc­ orders had to be found for it to treat. were only about 20,000 known pituitary cer player, more than imagines redress. What has become clear only later on is dwarfs in the country, indicating a relatively Every night but Sunday, after a dinner he that beyond those biochemical illnesses that small market. (Experts disagree on how to seldom has any appetite for, his mother in­ could be found there is another condition measure this deficiency.) On the other hand, jects him with a hormone known to stimu­ that from Genentech's perspective serves Genetech knew H.G.H. was a powerful late bone growth. The drug, a synthetic form equally well. compound-a metabolic master switch-with of naturally occurring human growth hor­ A Cleveland Browns cap splays Marco enormous commercial appeal. Two of mone (H.G.H.) produced by the pituitary, has Oriti's ears and shadows his sparrowish face. H.G.H.'s better-known side effects were that been credited with adding up to 18 inches to Like many boys his age, Marco imagines it stimulated protein production and reduced the predicted adult height of children who himself someday in the N.F.L. He also says fat. Body-builders and runners were already produce insufficient quantities of the hor­ he'd like to be a jockey-making a painful flocking to buy natural H.G.H. on the black mone on their own-pituitary dwarfs. But incongruity that mirrors the wild uncer­ market, paying up to 10 times the price of there is no clinical proof that it works for tainty over his eventual size. But he is un­ anabolic steroids. Myths spread about the children like Marco, with no such deficiency. equivocal about his shots, which his mother drug's potential for dieters and those who Marco's rate of growth has improved since he rotates nightly between his thighs and upper wanted to reverse the processes of aging. began taking the drug, but his doctor has no arms. "I hate them," he says. These speculations only increased with the way of knowing if his adult height will be af­ He hates being short far more. Concord, drug's sudden abundance, since researchers fected. Without H.G.H., Marco's predicted the small Northern California city where the now had an approved substance with which to test such claims. height was 5 feet 4 inches, about the same as Oriti family now lives, is a high-achievement Though the drug had been approved for the Nobel Prize-winning economist Milton community where competition begins early. sale only to those children who were hor­ Friedman and this year's Masters golf cham­ So Luisa Oriti and her husband, Anthony, a mone deficient, the company acted as if it pion, Ian Woosnam, and an inch taller than bank vice president, rationalize the harsh­ planned to sell to many more people than the basketball guard Muggsy Bogues of the ness of his treatment. "You want to give that. "Obviously, there aren't that many Charlotte Hornets. Marco has been taking your child that edg·e no matter what," she short kids to treat," Dr. Barry M. Sherman, the shots for six years, at a cost to his fam­ says. "I think you'd do just about anything." then Genentech's director of clinical re­ ily and their insurance company of more Marco first began taking H.G.H. in the search, told Science magazine, confirming than $15,000 a year. spring of 1985. At the time, the vials deliv­ the company's bullishness. That Marco is healthy but receives a pow­ ered to his house contained not Protropin Others, however, were concerned. "We are erful drug with unknown risks; that as a but a cellular extract drawn from human ca­ now moving from an era in which there were child he's incapable of informed consent; davers. Coroners and pathologists from too many patients chasing too little growth that his only handicap, if that's what it is, is around the country snipped out the pea-size hormone to an era in which there will be too being at the bottom of the growth curve for pituitary glands, located at the base of the much growth hormone chasing too few pa­ children in the United States; that his ther­ brain, and shipped them to laboratories, tients," predicted Dr. James M. Tanner of apy will take 10 years and cost well over where they were pulverized and their growth the Institute of Child Health at the Univer­ $150,000 while perhaps doing no more than re­ hormone isolated with solvents. Almost 30 sity of London. "It is really Brave New inforcing his perception that there is some­ years had passed since the first successful World." thing wrong with him-each is troubling. treatment of pituitary dwarfs. But scant As principal investigator for Genentech's But what makes the treatment of children supplies dictated that the hormone be given clinical trials with Protropin and a paid con­ like Marco even more disturbing is that ulti­ to those who needed it most and for whom sultant to the company, Dr. Selna L. Kaplan mately they are taking H.G.H. because there some efficacy had already been proven. By was at the center of the drug's transition. is H.G.H. to give them. The decision to give every known measurement, Marco appeared Kaplan was interested precisely in those H.G.H. to "normally short" children-also to be secreting enough hormone naturally. children Sherman seemed most to take for known as "non-growth-hormone deficient"­ Only his extreme failure to grow prompted granted as potential recipients of Protropin. typically is arrived at after anguished nego­ his endocrinologist to try to get him the A professor at the School of Medicine of the tiation between parents and pediatric drug. University of California at San Francisco, endocrinologists. But a much larger factor As it turned out, the next six months were she had spent nearly 30 years studying the driving such decisions is simply the avail­ pivotal not only for Marco and H.G.H. but for mechanisms of growth and treating children ability of the drug. the biotechnology industry in general. Two who, for one reason or another, grew poorly. "Until growth hormone came along, no one months after he received his first shots, doc­ Having as much H.G.H. as she wished to pre­ called normal shortness a disease," says Dr. tors discovered that four people who had re­ scribe meant being able to prove what the John D. Lantos of the Center of Clinical ceived natural H.G.H. had died of drug could, and could not, do for a range of Medical Ethics at the University of Chicago Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, a rare dementia short children, including Marco Oriti. Marco Pritzker School of Medicine. "It's become a caused by slow-acting viruses that live in the had become Kaplan's patient shortly after disease only because a manipulation has be­ brain. The Food and Drug Administration his fifth birthday, when his family moved to come available, and because doctors and in­ promptly halted distribution of natural the Bay Area. surance companies, in order to rationalize H.G.H. leaving thousands of young patients From a clinical standpoint, treating non­ their actions, have had to perceive it as one. untreated and their families terrified that hormone-deficient children held considerable What we're seeing is two things-the they, too, might be infected. risks. As Kaplan well knew, growth is not a commodization of drugs that are well-being Genentech (pronounced ge-NEN-tech) was simple and discrete process. It involves nu­ enhancers and the creeping redefinition of then nearing completion of four years of merous hormones and hormone receptors in what it means to be healthy." largely successful human clinical trials with a complex pathway that begins in the brain. "It's warped," says Diane Keaton, co­ the genetically engineered Protropin, which Treatment with H.G.H. might have no effect founder of the National Association of Short appeared to be every bit as effective as the on someone who was small because of a Adults (N.A.S.A.), a semiserious 300-member natural hormone. It was also plentiful and, shortage not of growth hormone itself but of lobby whose motto is "Down in front!" and having been developed under sterile condi­ growth hormone receptor, which extends whose mission is to deflate society's cult of tions and nowhere near human brain cells, from body tissue, snaring H.G.H. from the stature. "We think shorter is better. We use virus free. The F.D.A. approved the drug passing blood. Nor was it known what the less food and fiber. We take up less space. soon after. side effects of such treatment might be. If The short people I know don't complain For Genentech, it was the last in a series too little H.G.H. in children caused about being short; they complain about of vital benedictions that would finally allow dwarfism, too much might result in acro­ things not fitting." the company to emerge as a full-fledged drug megaly, a form of giantism. Protropin, the trade name for the H.G.H. company, something no other biomedical Kaplan also knew, as a doctor and re­ that Marco takes, is manufactured by startup had done since the 1950's, when the searcher', that deciding not to treat normally 15862 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 20, 1991 short children posed other risks. H.G.H. was of having to prove that a compound works entific paper arguing that some tests were so a remarkably efficacious treatment. She had for more than one condition, and is fos­ inconsistent as to be worthless. seen it work in hundreds of "jrowth-hormone­ tered--even promoted-by a gaping con­ "I can take you into one endocrinologist deficient children. If the drug proved as ef­ tradiction in Federal policy. Though the who'll say your kid is hormone deficient and fective with normally short kids as it had F.D.A. bars companies from actively promot­ another who'll say he isn't," Sherman says. with pituitary dwarfs, withholding it would ing drugs for nonapproved uses, once a drug "It's a total crapshoot." deprive children like Marco-whose families is approved any doctor can prescribe it for Perhaps proving this point, Genentech is she had occasionally seen become profoundly any purpose. now sponsoring its own clinical trial with upset when she wouldn't prescribe treat­ Gernentech began avidly pursuing the larg­ more than a hundred healthy children in the ment. est group of potential users reasonably avail­ third percentile and under, saying in effect As she considered the effects of Protropin able to children who were short but not that hormone deficiency need no longer be on normally short children, Kaplan might hormore deficient. What these children all considered essential for treatment, that also have been considering its effects on her had in common was being in the lower three being very small, for whatever reason, is career. Virtually every measure of success percentiles in height and having a poor enough. for a clinical researcher-financing, publica­ growth pattern. Some had diagnosable ail­ The success of Genentech's handholding of tions, academic advancement, even the abil­ ments like Turner's syndrome a genetic doctors and patients, its exploiting of gaps in ity to attract patients-depends on experi­ growth disorder in girls, or other illnesses knowledge, its leveraging of enormously fa­ menting with the most advanced therapies. like brain tumors and kidney disease that vorable Federal regulations and its blurring H.G.H., because of its sudden availability, stunted growth. Many, though, were small of the line between sickness and health, all had only heightened this imperative. Kaplan simply because their parents were. Whatever can be measured most strikingly in was already treating a few normally short the case, these children were beginning to Protropin's sales. In 1990, the company sold kids with natural H.G.H.-one of the few doc­ experience the psycho-social effects of being $157 million of Protropin, up more than 40 tors to do so. In 1985, with the approval of re­ short and were suffering for it. percent from two years earlier. It controlled combinant H.G.H., she cautiously began pre­ But how did one define the condition that 75 percent of the United States market that scribing it for more and more. Genentech sought to treat? Was mere short­ had grown to more than $200 million-more Having a powerful drug is one thing for a ness a disease? A disorder? The success of the than 20 times what the company had origi­ pharmaceutical company selling it some­ company depended on the view that it was. nally predicted. With sales of T.P.A., a re­ thing else Barry Sherman, an endo­ "If people could see a clear disadvantage, combinant heart attack drug costing $2,200 a crinologist by training and Genentech's and we could treat them for it and it would dose, stagnating after it was shown in a point man for testing its endocrine drugs in help.'' Sherman says, then drug therapy is widely publicized trial to work no better humans (and now the company's vice presi­ "not inappropriate." In Sherman's view, an than a drug costing $76, Genentech was be­ coming increasingly dependent on Protropin. · dent for medical affairs), had not been in on attitude he says is prevalent in Europe, no Except there is still no clinical evidence the original decision to develop Protropin in distinction is made about why a child is that H.G.H. makes normally short kids any the 1970's. But he knew Genentech was now short. Stature, not biochemical disorder, is taller as adults. There's no proof that H.G.H. in a rare position. The company had the sole criterion for treatment. does what families like the Oritis are paying inherted, as he put it, a "naked"-i.e. non­ Genentech began by identitying its mar­ upward of $150,000 for. competitive-market for human growth hor­ ket-mainly through its association with the In October 1989, Selna Kaplan delivered a mone. Sherman's department was to be Human Growth Foundation, a nonprofit ad­ paper at an international meeting of central in the company's efforts to exploit vocacy group for short children. As part of a endocrinologists in Stockholm. Of the first its new prize. general campaign to boost awareness of the 12 normally short children she had treated Because Protropin was initially targeted problems of short people, the foundation had with H.G.H.--()hildren whose therapy had for use by less than 200,000 people, it quali­ for years sent volunteers to shopping malls begun up to a decade earlier and who were fied as one of the first so-called orphan and state fairs to conduct "height now full-grown adults-only two were more drugs: a doleful designation resulting from a screenings" Genentech, and to a lesser ex­ than two inches taller than their predicted 1983 ruling that drug companies nonetheless tent Lilly, adopted the foundation. Between height without the hormone. It was a small covet. It meant that Genentech, for its will­ them, the two companies provide two-thirds group, and they had started therapy rel­ ingness to pursue a presumably unprofitable of its national budget, with Genentech even atively late and received less than optimum area, now had a federally guaranteed monop­ donating the measuring rods used in the doses. But they were among the first to test oly for seven years. Eli Lilly & Company screenings according to Deborah S. the efficacy of H.G.H. by growing up, and soon also received orphan drug status for a Swansburg, the foundation's executive direc­ their overall failure to respond was dismay­ slightly different form of recombinant tor. ing. H.G.H.; it has also profited-last year, world­ Next, the company began spending mil­ Other doctors who had been treating nor­ wide sales reached at least $100 million Or­ lions of dollars annually to underwrite re­ mally short kids were also now discovering phan drug status allowed the companies to search by pediatric endocrinologists. It en­ that while they clearly had an initial growth charge whatever they wanted, in the case of tertained doctors and nurses lavishly at fre­ spurt with H.G.H., there was little indication Protropin a figure now approaching $20,000 a quent symposiums. "It's hard not to be influ­ that the drug was making them taller in the year for each patent. (By 1994, when it and enced when you're receiving this kind of in­ long run. U.C.L.A.'s Frasier began describing Lilly's orphan status will both have lapsed dustrial support," says Dr. Douglas S. himself as "cautiously pessimistic" about pricing is expected to become more competi­ Frasier, a professor at the U.C.L.A. School of whether H.G.H. was ultimately of value to tive). Sherman, a voluble man with an easy Medicine and one of the country's leading pe­ such children, a mood shared by many of his manner, began seeing to it that doctors who diatric endocrinologists "Genentech co­ colleagues. "I'm less convinced as time goes wished to experiment with Protropin where opted the field.'' by that there's a long-term benefit here," he supported in their research and that, to the But it was Sherman, Genentech's medical says. extent possible, their findings benefited man, who did most toward legitimizing the Genentech and adherents of H.G.H. were Genentech's sales outlook. treatment of healthy kids. He and his col­ quick to discredit Kaplan's findings (though In fact, because the F .D.A. had approved leagues understood that there is no clear line she remains on Genentech's payroll as a con­ Protropin only for the treatment of hor­ between having too little H.G.H. and just sultant). But since then, other research find­ mone-deficient children-dwarfs-the com­ enough. Diagnosis most often consists of giv­ ings have supported hers. Most leaders in the pany was restricted from marketing these ing a child a powerful drug known to stimu­ field now agree that non-hormone-deficient other potential applications. But that was late the release of H.G.H. from the pitui­ children do grow faster in the first year of hardly bad news. The big money with an in­ tary-insulin or L-dopa are the most com­ receiving the drug than in the previous year creasing number of drugs is not with those mon-and measuring the amounts of hor­ without it. After that, their growth rate is, few indications covered by the F.D.A. label mone in the blood. Such pump priming can in Frasier's words, "never as good." but with those many, many more that yield notoriously imprecise results. Genentech argues that because of the initial aren't. Indeed, a good part of the game in Here was Genentech's opportunity. If no growth spurt most children experience, drug marketing is now to find the narrowest one knew for sure what constituted a treat­ H.G.H. seems to relieve some of the trauma indications possible for drugs that are likely able deficiency, then no one could say accu­ of being left behind. to be blockbusters later on (Genentech has rately who would benefit from taking H.G.H. But there is still virtually nothing to show recently received approval for gamma and who wouldn't; the line between sickness that a child treated with H.G.H. will become interferon-a powerful anticancer drug with and health could be jiggered freely. As a bigger adult. Indeed, Kaplan and others sales projections of up to $250 million-for Genentech's chief medical officer, Sherman point out that such treatment may speed up treatment of an immune disorder affecting led the company in attacking the current the process of puberty, thereby causing chil­ just a few hundred children per year.) Such a system of diagnostics, to the point of being dren to stop growing sooner than normal and strategy short-circuits the enormous expense listed as one of the main authors of a sci- thus negating any initial gain in height. June 20, 1991 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 15863 Sherman remains stalwart. Buoyed by pre­ nitude of the problem." "Of the three million American culture. As the Congressman rep­ liminary findings from Genentech's own re­ children born in the U.S. annually," they resenting the South Bronx, my district is home search with non-deficient children in the wrote "90,000 will, by definition, be below the to the famous Yankee Stadium. This stadium lowest three percentiles, he and his team third percentile for height." The article have begun advising doctors to start children projects that that is a potential annual mar­ has hosted the greatest baseball teams of all earlier on Protropin and keep them on ket of $6 billion to $10 billion. time, and has been home to the world-famous longer-in other words, to prescribe more Followed to its logical extreme, New York Yankees. The Yankees have con­ drug. They have been making much of the Genentech's use of the lowest three percent­ tributed much to the sport of baseball, to the psychological benefit of the growth spurt as iles has a built-in escalator that, as Lantos community of the Bronx, to New York City, a treatment goal in and of itself. And they and his colleagues point out, need never and to thousands of baseball fans all across point to studies showing H.G.H.'s success stop. If making our shortest children taller the country. with children with Turner's syndrome and is the goal, the growth curve can be pushed kidney problems, other causes of shortness up indefinitely. After all, there will always The Yankees gave baseball the first player that lie in that gray area beyond hormone be a lowest three percentiles. Someone will of Italian origin chosen for the Baseball Hall of deficiency. always be shortest. Fame, Joe DiMaggio, and the first player of But Kaplan and Frasier's findings have High as they'd risen, the stakes for H.G.H. Hispanic background inducted into the Hall of punctured the bubble that surrounded H.G.H. abruptly jumped out of sight last July, as a Fame, Lefty Gomez. For some of us who grew Insurers are now less willing to bear the cost result of a widely publicized article in the up near Yankee Stadium, the excitement of of treating normally short kids, agreeing to New England Journal of Medicine by Dr. six-month trials, if at all. "All we tell par­ Daniel Rudman, a professor at the Medical baseball games was the highlight of our ents now is that there is a good chance that College of Wisconsin and gerontologist at the springs and summers. Yankee Stadium has their child will grow faster sooner," Kaplan Veterans Affairs Medical Center in Milwau­ drawn crowds of record numbers to view this says. "But that's it. Some may grow taller kee. He and his co-authors suggested another spectacular team. eventually, but not nearly as many as those unexpected cosmetic benefit. In a group of Mr. Speaker, today I rise to pay tribute to who have this initial growth spurt." men 61 and older, a six-month course of the Yankee Stadium. I would like to share with While it was still too early to judge the drug seemed to reverse a substantial portion drug's efficacy, criticisms of H.G.H. were of the muscle shrinkage and accumulation of you a piece written by Prof. Philip A. Grant, muted. But that forgiveness-toward pos­ fat that goes with old age-a "potential Jr., of Pace University in New York City. This sible side effects, toward its .price, toward blockbuster off-label use," one financial re­ paper was delivered in May at the North the rationale for giving it to healthy chil­ port told its readers. Suddenly, a new mar­ American Society for Sport History Convention dren-has begun yielding to a stricter ac­ ket of millions of people had materialized. at Loyola University in Chicago, and details counting. British researchers recently re­ Estimates of potential worldwide annual some of the most famous events and mile­ ported a drastic 76 percent loss of body fat sales soared. (This month, however, Rud­ stones in the history of the New York Yan­ and 25 percent increase in muscle in nor­ man's group indicated in an update of the kees. The following text is entitled "The New mally short children taking H.G.H. "The survey that the desired effects may begin to children became skinny" and in some cases reverse when the men stop taking the drug, York Yankees and the World Series, 1936- "inappropriately muscular," they wrote. and said further study was necessary.) 1939." They also warned about possible effects on Researchers have long known that most THE NEW YORK YANKEES AND THE WORLD internal organs and cell division, reviving an people slow down in their production of SERIES, 1936-1939 earlier, generally discredited, link between growth hormone as they grow older. The H.G.H. and leukemia. Meanwhile, Kaplan question now was whether giving it to old Between 1936 and 1939 the New York Yan­ herself has begun wondering openly whether men, 40 years or more after they'd reached kees not only won four consecutive Amer­ psychiatry might not be a more appropriate their final height, wasn't simply more un­ ican League pennants, but also accomplished and cost-efficient solution for the psychic warranted tampering with nature. Short the spectacular feat of prevailing over their ills of short kids-a view shared by more and kids made taller, old people younger-ap­ National League opponents in four succes­ more doctors. pealing notions perhaps, but where does it sive World Series confrontations. During the "This year, Boston City Hospital ran out of all stop? first half of the twentieth century no other money to immunize children," says Dr. Is aging, too, like shortness, now to be con­ team in either league captured as many as Samir S. Najjar, a pediatric endocrinologist sidered a disorder? four world championships in a row.1 at Harvard Medical School. "Can we afford, The answer is provided neatly, if uninten­ The Yankees in 1936 and 1939 defeated their in the present climate, to squander this kind tionally, by Rudman. "We see some men who National League rivals, the New York Gi­ of money on an inch or two of height? For an secrete youthful amounts of hormone into ants, in six and five games respectively. In esthetic problem?" their 80's," he says. The implication is that, the following two years the Yankees van­ For Sherman and those doctors and pa­ compared with these hormonal quished the Chicago Cubs and Cincinnati tients who support aggressive treatment, the superproducers, men with normal secretions Reds each in four straight games. Thus, over notion that shortness is somehow just a cos­ for their age are somehow deficient. a span of four seasons the Yankees emerged metic matter is patently "heightist." They Genentech stayed out of the discussion at victorious in sixteen of nineteen World Se­ point to a body of literature about the pre­ first, perhaps because Rudman's original re­ ries contests.2 search was supported by Lilly. But now, it is dictable sufferings of short people: College In purely statistical terms the Yankees graduates more than 6 feet 2 inches tall earn thinking about joining in. "Our point of view," Sherman says, "is that you have to overwhelmed their National League chal­ 12 percent more than their shorter class­ lengers in every meaningful category. Alto­ mates; of American Presidents, only two approach clinical testing in terms of treat­ ing a disease." With old people, he asks, gether the Yankees outscored their various have been shorter than the national average adversaries 108 to 57 and surpassed their op­ for men of their time; short men find it hard­ "What's your end point?" The question could equally be asked about ponents in base hits 179 to 142. The principal er to marry; growth-retarded children have reason why the Yankee offense proved so more social problems in school. Little of it is healthy short children in the lowest three percentiles. awesome was explained by their 23 home scholarly and most is irrelevant for a child runs and fifty-five extra base hits recorded agonizing to become 5 feet 6 inches instead of "They're abnormally short," replies Sher­ man. between 1936 and 1939. By contrast the Na­ 5 feet 4 inches. tional League pennant winners produced The question is largely an ethical one­ only 7 home runs and thirty-one extra base does treating short but healthy children hits.3 with H.G.H. conform to accepted medical TRIBUTE TO THE NEW YORK practice for new therapies? Comparing YANKEES In every respect the Yankee pitching staff H.G.H. treatment to cosmetic operations for was decidedly superior to the collective children-ear-piercing, for example-the HON. JOSE E. SERRANO group of pitchers wearing National League medical ethicist John Lantos concludes that uniforms. From 1936 to 1939 Yankee pitchers because of the duration of treatment and the OF NEW YORK completed ten games and allowed a mere potential long-term risks H.G.H. therapy is IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES forty-four earned runs. During the same pe­ riod the National League pitchers completed "less acceptable." Thursday, June 20, 1991 But in an article in the Journal of the eight games and yielded ninety-nine earned American Medical Association published last Mr. SERRANO. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to runs. The other relevant figures were as fol­ year, Lantos and his co-authors strike much share with you and my distinguished col­ lows:• closer to the real issue with their economic leagues a story of one of America's most pop­ analysis-what they call "the potential mag- ular traditions and pastimes, a symbol of 1 Footnotes at end of article. 15864 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 20, 1991

Strike­ the starting pitcher and Joe DiMaggio blast­ their consecutive American League pennants on the outs Walks ed a home run. s following dates: September 9, 1936; September 23, In addition to their impressive array of es­ 1937; September 18, 1938; September 16, 1939. The ag­ Yankee pitchers ...... 100 44 gregate statistics for the American League between Opposing pitchers ...... 92 67 tablished players the Yankees were quite for­ tunate in having under contract three com­ 1936 and 1939 wee as follows: The Yankee dominance of World Series paratively young individuals in the early Per- competition between 1936 and 1939 closely re­ stages of their illustrious major league ca­ Won Lost cent- flected the phenomenal record of the New reers. These players were Second Baseman age York team within the American League it­ Joe Gordon, Left Fielder Charlie Keller, and New York Yankees ...... 408 201 .670 self. From Apri114, 1936 to September 30, 1939 Pitcher Spud Chandler. Gordon, who in 1942 1 338 279 .548 would be chosen the American League's giet~~li!n~ f~~aii8" :::::::::::::: • 336 278 .548 the Yankees won 408 of 609 regular season Boston Red Sox ...... 331 275 .546 games, thereby compiling a victorious per­ "Most Valuable Player," accounted for 56 centage of .670. In these four seasons the doubles, 12 triples, and fifty-three home runs 6 Dave Anderson, "The Joe DiMaggio Years," "The Yankees won pennants by margins ranging and drove in 208 runs during his first two sea­ Yankees" (New York: Random House, 1979), pp. 5&- from nine and one-half games to nineteen sons (1938-1939) on the Yankee roster. Only 97; Martin Appel and Burt Goldblatt, "Baseball's and one-half games and from sixty to one twenty-two years old as he began his rookie Best: The Hall of Fame Gallery" (New York: hundred and twenty-eight percentage points. year in 1939, Keller it .334 over the course of McGraw-Hill Book Company, 1980), pp. 13{}-136, 169- On the average the Yankees ran fifteen the regular season and .438 in the World Se­ 172, 179-180. 28&-287, ~336; David L. Porter (ed.), ries. Chandler, who twice would win twenty "Biographical Directory of American Sports: Base­ games and ninety-six percentage points ball" (Westport, Connecticut: Greenwood Press, ahead of the American clubs finishing in sec­ games in the following decade and be ac­ 1987), pp. 14&-147, 148-149, 21{}-211: 217-218, 345-346, 489- ond place.s claimed the American League's "Most Valu­ 490; Henry F. Graff, "Henry Louis Gehrig, "Diction­ It was noteworthy that six of the Yankees able Player" in 1943, compiled a 24-9 won and ary of American Biography, Supplement Three" active during the period from 1936 to 1939 lost record (.727) during the 1937, 1938, and (New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1973), pp. 294- were later elected to the Baseball Hall of 1939 seasons.e 295. Fame. These individuals were Manager Joe The ability of the Yankees to win four con­ 7 Mike Shatzkin, "The Ballplayers: Baseball's Ul ti­ secutive World Series was especially remark­ mate Biographical Reference" (New York: William McCarthy, Catcher Bill Dickey, First Base­ Morrow, 1990), pp. 237, 775-776, 935, 985; "Baseball En­ man Lou Gehrig, Center Fielder Joe able in view of the high quality of the Na­ cyclopedia," pp. 812, 1395, 1436, 2078. DiMaggio, and Pitchers Lefty Gomez and tional League teams during the four year pe­ e "Times," New York, N.Y. July 7, 1936, p. 24; July Red Ruffing. McCarthy, who guided the Yan­ riod. The three National League managers 8, 1936, p. 22,; July 7, 1937, p. 29; July a. 1937, p. 27; kees to eight pennants and seven world were to win an aggregate total of eight pen­ July 6, 1938, p. 15; July 7, 1938, p. 14; July 11, 1939, p. championships, compiled a winning percent­ nants and three World Series. The National 23; July 12, 1939, p. 23. age of .621 during his sixteen years at the Leaguers later to be inducted in the "Hall of 9 "The Ballplayers," pp. 177, 401,559. team's helm. Dickey, who in 1946 succeeded Fame" included Giants Bill Terry, Mel Ott, 1o "Biographical Directory: Baseball," pp. 142-143, 144-146, 235-236, 245-246, 25{}-251, 267-268, 278-279, ~ McCarthy as Yankee manager, was probably Carl Hubbell, and Travis Jackson, Cubs 336, 348-349, 36{}-261, 431-432, 512-513, 551-552, 588-589. the most outstanding catcher in the history Gabby Hartnett, Dizzy Dean, and Billy Her­ of professional baseball. The legendary man, and Reds Bill McKechnie, Ernie Lombardi, and Al Simmons. Also in National Gehrig, the American League's "Most Valu­ THE PRESIDENCY, BY ANY MEANS able Player" in 1936, inspired his Yankee League uniforms were such frequent "All­ teammates throughout the nineteen Star" Game performers as Stan Hack, Phil twenties and nineteen thirties. An authentic Cavaretta, Bill Lee, Billy Judges, and Rip HON. CHARLFS B. RANGEL superstar by every conceivable standard, Collins of the Cubs, Frank McCormick, OF NEW YORK DiMaggio in 1939 was designated the Amer­ Bucky Walters, and Paul Derringer of the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ican League's "Most Valuable Player" and Reds, and Dick Bartell of the Giants. With eventually was a key participant in ten pen­ players of such talent it was no surprise that Thursday, June 20, 1991 nant winning campaigns. Gomez and Ruffing, the Giants, Cubs, and Reds captured eight Mr. RANGEL. Mr. Speaker, I would like to who won a combined total of 462 games, pro­ pennants during the nine years between 1932 bring to the attention of my colleagues an arti­ and 1940. 10 vided the Yankees with two of the most tal­ cle that was written by Mr. Stuart E. Eizenstat. ented pitchers on the major league baseball FOOTNOTES Mr. Eizenstat discusses in the article two ilicl­ scene between the two world wars.s 1 The only other team to have won four consecu­ dents where Presidential candidates have Augmenting the six Yankees to be included tive pennants was the New York Giants (1921-1924). in the Hall of Fame were Shortstop Frank The Giants (1921-1922) and the Chicago Cubs (1907- been accused of using unethical practices in Crosetti, Third Baseman Red Rolfe, Right 1908) were the only National League teams to have their bid for the office of the Presidency. Fielder George Selkirk, and Pitcher Johnny triumphed in two successive World Series, while the Such allegations are serious and if true illus­ Murphy. Crosetti, Rolfe, Selkirk, and Mur­ Yankees (1927-1928) and the Philadelphia Athletics (191{}-1911 and 1929-1930) were the only American trate a fundamental weakness in our Presi- phy each had the distinction of being chosen League teams to have gained two World champion­ . dential electoral process. If candidates are al­ for the American League squad in two of the ships in a row. "The Baseball Encyclopedia" (New lowed to conduct Presidential election cam­ four All-Star Games between 1936 and 1939. York: Macmillan Publishing Company, 1990), pp. paigns using less than acceptable campaign Crosetti, who was known primarily for the 2~2633, 2636-2637, 244&-2647, 2652-2655; Noel Hynd, high quality of his defensive skills, scored "The Giants of the Polo Grounds" (New York: methods, then the door would be open for a 486 runs and stole 59 bases from 1936 to 1939. Doubleday, 1988), pp. 22{}-260; David Q. Voigt, "Amer­ variety of possible ethical abuses in other Maintaining a .308 batting average, Rolfe ican Baseball" (2 vols.; Norman: University of Okla­ areas of government. homa Press, 1966-1976), II, 1&-18, 37-38, 166-175, 181- The article which appeared in the May 5, also accounted for 155 doubles and 43 triples 184, 193-198; "Times," New York, N.Y., October 15, over the four-year period. Selkirk bolstered 1908, p. 7; October 24, 1910, p. 6; October 9, 1922, pp. 1, 1991, edition of the Los Angeles Times fol­ the Yankees by hitting over .300 in three of 12; September 28, 1924, IX, 1, 2; October 10, 1928, pp. lows: the four world championship seasons and 1, 22, 23; October 9, 1930, pp. 1, 31. [From the Los Angeles Times, May 5, 1991] driving in more than one hundred runs in 2Donald Honig, "Baseball's Ten Greatest Teams" two of these seasons. Acknowledged as the (New York: Macmillan Publishing Company, 1982), PERSPECTIVE ON POLITICS; THE PRESIDENCY, foremost relief pitcher in the major leagues, pp. ~4; "Baseball Encyclopedia," pp. 2661-2664; BY ANY MEANS "Times," New York, N.Y .. October 7, 1936, pp. 1, 34, (By Stuart E. Eizenstat) Murphy between 1936 and 1939 had a 33-15 35; October 11, 1937, pp. 14, 15; October 10, 1938, pp. 1, won-lost record and was credited with saving 22, 23; October 9, 1939, pp. 1, 22, 23. Evidence that the chairman of the 1980 forty-three games. 7 3The offensive statistics were as follows: Ronald Reagan presidential campaign, Wil­ Interestingly, the remarkable successes of liam J. Casey, a former member of the war­ the Yankees in the World Series were closely Runs bat- Total time intelligence service and later CIA direc­ paralleled by the team's well-documented ted in bases tor, met with leading Iranians to foreclose contributions to the annual All-Star Games. Yankees ...... 105 279 the release of American hostages before the Between 1936 and 1938 sixteen of the thirty­ Opponents ...... 48 200 election to ensure Presidency Jimmy six starting players in All-Star Games were Carter's defeat, fits into a disturbing modern Yankees. Indeed in 1939 six of the nine start­ 4 Thirteen of the Yankee's sixteen World Series historical pattern. ers and three of the sixteen reserve players victories were won by the three pitchers in the That Casey was so involved is the startling wore pinstripes. In the American League All­ starting rotation, Red Ruffing, Lefty Gomez, and conclusion by both PBS in its documentary Monte Pearson. "The Election Held Hostage" and in the New Star victory of 1937 Lefty Gomez was the 5 "Baseball Encyclopedia," pp. 287, 291, 295, 297; winning pitcher and Lou Gehrig drove in a "Times," New York N.Y., September 10, 1936, p.30; York Times by Gary Sick, my former col­ total of four runs, while in the 1939 American September 24, 1937, p. 25; September 19, 1938, p. 23; league in the Carter White House and a per­ League All-Star triumph Red Ruffing was September 17, ~939. V, i, 3. The Yankees clinched son of unimpeachable integrity. June 20, 1991 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 15865 As the country is poised to embark on the disclose it. We watched with unknowing dis­ ern California School of Medicine, raises some 1992 presidential campaign season, this al­ may as Humphrey's rising popularity abort­ pertinent points that lawmakers in America leged incident and its recent progeny under­ ed in the concluding days of the campaign must consider when enacting public policy. It score the lengths to which campaigns will go when South Vietnam mysteriously and unex­ is my belief that, as Dr. Grimes points out, to secure the prize of the presidency and give pectedly announced its refusal to join the cause for the American people to question peace talks, despite the entreaties of the RU-486 promises to be an important step in the integrity of their most important elec­ President who had committed hundreds of the right direction to achieving equitable and tion. thousands of American troops to that coun­ compassionate health care for women in this American political campaigns have always try's survival. This 1968 episode makes it country: been rough-and-tumble affairs in which there clear that Richard Nixon's "dirty tricks" re­ RU-486: POLITICS AND SCIENCE COLLIDE is no room for the fainthearted and few rules election campaign directed against Edmund (By David Grimes) of combat. Because of our weak political Muskie and the subsequent Watergate theft party structure, which necessitates a high The term "orphan drug" usually denotes a and coverup in 1972 were not aberrations but drug found to be effective against a rare dis­ degree of individual entrepreneurialism, and were part of a clear pattern of Nixon cam­ the difficulty of projecting a meaningful po­ ease. Since the potential market, and profit, paign tactics. are so small, the manufacturer elects not to litical message over a huge continent to an The 1980 Iran hostage episode, if true, bears electorate generally uninterested in issues, distribute the drug. The new French drug a striking resemblance to the Anna Chen­ RU-486 is also an "orphan drug," although it American political campaigns have histori­ nault caper. In each case, there would be a cally relied heavily on negative caricatures is effective in treating a very common condi­ clear interference with the conduct of Amer­ tion: pregnancy. But it has been orphaned by of opponents. ican diplomacy. As long ago as the campaign of 1800, Alex­ politics, not unprofitability. The 1980 Reagan campaign, chaired by The most frequent means of elective abor­ ander Hamilton wrote that John Adams had Casey, admitted after the election that it "great and intrinsic defects in his character tion in the United States is suction had come into the unauthorized possession­ curettage. In this simple procedure, the cer­ which unfit him for the office of Chief Mag­ whether by theft, a mole in the Carter cam­ vix-the entrance into the uterus-is istrate," while Federalists charged that paign or a disaffected Carter campaign work­ stretched open to a small diameter, and the Thomas Jefferson had behaved in a cowardly er-of the briefing book used to prepare contents of the uterus are removed by suc­ fashion as Virginia governor during the Rev­ Carter for the penultimate event of the 1980 tion through a small plastic tube. This pro­ olution and that he was a "mean spirited, campaign, the presidential debate with cedure has been found to be extremely safe low lived fellow, the son of a half-breed In­ Reagan. and effective, but no substantial improve­ dian squaw ... raised wholly on hoe-cake Perhaps the crucial point in the debate oc­ ment in the technology of early abortion has made of coarse-ground Southern corn, bacon curred when Reagan deftly responded to the been made in more than 20 years. Hence, RU- and hominy, with an occasional change of President's charges of his opposition to Med­ 486, or mifepristone, is a development of fricasseed bull frog." icare by saying, "There you go again." This great importance. The presidential campaign of 1884 between was hardly spontaneous, we can now sur­ RU-486 is the first of a new class of com­ James G. Blaine and Grover Cleveland was mise, because the debate book gave him the pounds, the antiprogestins. It is a steroid one of the vilest ever waged. Democrats ac­ Carter script to be used in attacking his that blocks the action of the naturally oc­ cused Blaine of public corruption while Re­ record. Here there were possible violations of curring hormone progesterone on the inter­ publicans attacked Cleveland of an illicit af­ the law in purloining documents. But far nal lining of the uterus. Since progesterone fair with the famous ditty, "Ma! Ma! Where's more important, nothing came to light in is required to sustain an early pregnancy, if My Pa? Gone to the White House, Ha! Ha! time for the public to form its own judg­ this support is blocked, the products of con­ Ha!" ments of this conduct. ception separate from the uterus and are ex­ More recently, Lyndon Johnson's 1964 tele­ Thus, the 1980 Iran hostage allegations fit pelled. vision ad of a young girl interrupted in pick­ into a Casey-directed campaign that had al­ Developed in France, the drug has been ing flowers by a nuclear explosion, implying ready lowered its standards. It is easy to for­ used with great success by tens of thousands that Republican Barry Goldwater would be get, in Reagan's landslide victory, that polls of French women. Several hundred women in an irresponsible trustee of the nuclear but­ showed the election a tossup the weekend be­ Los Angeles have also taken part in early ton, and the 1988 Bush campaign ad on Willie fore the election, when a hostage deal again trials. From 1984 to 1990, volunteers received Horton, implying that Michael Dukakis seemed possible. We felt helpless as the hos­ RU-486 for abortion at Women's Hospital, would be soft on crime, are recent examples tage release and reelection evaded us. part of Los Angeles County-USC Medical of the same genre of political exaggeration American and world history would cer­ Center, under research protocols. Our experi­ to make a point. tainly have been vastly different if Hum­ ence with the drug corroborated that of While such negative attacks are hardly ad­ phrey and Carter had been elected. The sad other scientists around the world: RU-486 is mirable, each was an open charge, rebuttable message is that the campaigns employing safe, effective and popular. by the accused candidate and ultimately sub­ these tactics-far more sordid than mere Marketing of RU-486 is anticipated soon in ject to the court of public opinion. The John­ public attacks on an opponent-got away the United Kingdom, and its use in other Eu­ son ad was pulled qu!ckly because of the ef­ with it, and may continue to do so in the fu­ ropean nations is expected to follow. The fective attack on it by the Goldwater cam­ ture. Election results cannot be changed California Medical Assn. and many other paign, while the Bush ad had an indelible im­ retroactively. The only small satisfaction medical organizations support the drug. pact on the electorate because Dukakis comes from hoping that the truth will ulti­ Why, then, is RU-486 not on the horizon for never deigned to demonstrate its untruth mately come out and that it will effect his­ American women? A small but vocal minor­ until it was too late. tory's judgment of those who have befouled ity opposed to abortion is keeping the drug But the contention that Casey sabotaged our political system. In the case of the 1980 at bay. Roussel Uclaf, the French manufac­ an early hostage release during the 1980 elec­ Iranian hostage matter, the least that can be turer, appears unwilling to market the drug tion fits into a recent pattern of far more in­ done is for Congress, and indeed the Bush ad­ in the United States until the intensity of sidious presidential campaign excesses, in ministration, to jointly appoint a blue-rib­ the controversy subsides. which laws may be violated and voters are bon bipartisan commission to get to the Critics of RU-486 seem to have three con­ deprived of information on which to make an truth of the matter. cerns. Some allege that it is dangerous-the informed judgment before the election. Each Dalkon Shield of the '90s. Unlike the Dalkon of these instances had a major impact on the Shield, RU-486 has been rigorously tested by presidential election and on the course of RU-486: POLITICS AND SCIENCE the international scientific community American history. under the auspices of the World Health Orga­ In the 1968 presidential campaign I served COLLIDE nization. The drug is closely related chemi­ as research director for the presidential cam­ cally to norethindrone, one of the compo­ paign of Hubert H. Humphrey. There is con­ HON. MEL LEVINE nents of birth-control pills, taken on a daily vincing evidence that the Nixon campaign at OF CALIFORNIA basis by millions of women in the United a critical stage in the election, following a IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES States. bombing halt in the Vietnam War that had In the largest report from France, the rate led to a surge in Humphrey's support, had Thursday, June 20, 1991 of serious complications from abortion with Anna Chennault contact South Vietnam's Mr. LEVINE of California. Mr. Speaker, RU-486 was one case per thousand abortions. President Nguyen Van Thieu. She persuaded commend the following article to my col­ In a recent randomized clinical trial in Los him not to participate in Paris peace talks, Angeles, we found the side effects of RU-486 because he would get a better deal from a leagues who share my concern over women's to be comparable to those of a placebo, Nixon presidency. access to health care in this country. The au­ which was an over-the-counter pain pill. While President Johnson learned of this thor, a professor in the department of obstet­ Second, some abortion opponents fear this perfidy before the election, he chose never to rics and gynecology at the University of South- drug because it could make abortion increas- 15866 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 20, 1991 ingly private. Abortions with RU-486 might IMPORTANCE OF SECTION 936 TO That's what I mean when I say that this be widely available through physicians' of­ PUERTO RICO'S ECONOMIC DE­ data, which is absolutely critical to the ar­ fices rather than through abortion clinics. In VELOPMENT IS EXPLAINED gument advanced by the OCA WU is inac­ that case, opponents of abortion might lose curate. Perhaps even worse is the way in their targets for picketing, harassment and which it is intentionally misleading. Produc­ violence. For example, since 1977, 110 abor­ HON. JAIME B. RJSTER tion workers are the only ones looked at, as tion clinics have been burned or bombed in OF PUERTO RICO if they were the only ones that counted. this country. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Total jobs, I should think, would be more im­ Thursday, June 20, 1991 portant. From 1980 to 1989 total U.S. pharma­ Finally, some abortion opponents claim ceutical employment went up from 196.1 that RU-486 would promote abortion by Mr. FUSTER. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to thousand to 232.2 thousand, and in 1990 it making it "too easy." Implicit in this claim explain to my colleagues once again how very reached 237.9 thousand. These are truly sig­ is the notion that abortion should be "dif­ important section 936 of the U.S. Internal Rev­ nificant increases which the OCA WU doesn't ficult" or punitive for women, who should enue Code is to Puerto Rico's continued eco­ want us to know about, apparently. The suffer for their indiscretion by undergoing nomic development. I do this because the gains in U.S. pharmaceutical employment both anesthesia and surgery. No mention is gentleman from California, [Mr. STARK] has are all the more impressive when put in the ever made of any punishment for the men re­ seen fit to introduce legislation which would, context of the generally poor performance of sponsible for these pregnancies. manufacturing in the U.S. as a whole, which unfortunately, impose serious restrictions upon it is only fair to do. While employment in RU-486, which induces a miscarriage, is ap­ section 936. the drug companies was doing so well overall parently not sufficiently noxious. In our I have written a letter to Congressman production worker employment in manufac­ trials with RU-486 in Los Angeles, most vol­ STARK concerning this, wherein I point out that turing fell from 14.214 million in 1980 to 12.974 unteers had had a prior suctioncurettage the employment statistics upon which his pro­ million in 1990. Total manufacturing employ­ abortion. These women reported that abor­ posed legislation is predicated is totally erro­ ment fell from 20.285 million in 1980 to 19.111 tion with RU-486 was "two thousand times neous and misleading. Such legislation would million in 1990 in the United States. Still, it better" and "far less violent" than the sur­ also seriously undermine Puerto Rico's econ­ is the pharmaceutical industry which the gical alternative. omy and put serious strains on Common­ OCAWU singles out as a big job loser. RU-486 has a number of potentially impor­ wealth and Federal social services. Even more shameless in its inaccuracy tant medical uses aide from abortion. By then the Midwest Center's study was a flier Because I know that many of my other col­ handed out at the press conference by the blocking the action of progesterone, it helps leagues on the Ways and Means Committee to soften and open the cervix, which may in­ OCA WU entitled "Jobs Exported to Puerto and in the House share my views as to the Rico" (As if Puerto Rico were a foreign coun­ duce labor for childbirth or facilitate sur­ importance of section 936 to Puerto Rico's try). "Section 936," says the flier, " ... has gery inside the uterus. When given in larger continued economic development, I am today drawn thousands of jobs away from the doses, RU-486 blocks the action of a hormone reprinting in the RECORD the most pertinent mainland during the past two decades." I in­ made by the adrenal glands. Studies at the vite your attention to the employment per­ National Institutes of Health have shown sections of my letter to Congressman STARK: HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, formance of the pharmaceutical industry RU-486 to be effective medical treatment for since 1970. In the past two decades 89 thou­ a serious disease caused by excessive secre­ Washington, DC, June 18, 1991. Hon. FORTNEY STARK, sand jobs have been gained for an increase of tion of this hormone. Some breast cancers 60 percent while overall U.S. manufacturing may also be treatable with RU-486. Cannon House Office Building, Washington, DC. employment actually declined. For several decades, scientists have known DEAR CONGRESSMAN STARK: The study by Far from being the "lose-lose proposition" that methotrexate, a highly effective drug The Midwest Center for Labor Research that you referred to in your press conference used in chemotherapy for certain cancers, which you cite approvingly in your state­ the 936 arrangement has clearly been bene­ could also be used to induce abortion. What ment reports on 25 instances in which jobs ficial to workers in both Puerto Rico and the would have happened had anti-abortion ac­ were purportedly transferred to Puerto Rico U.S. mainland. The reason why is quite sim­ from mainland locations. You must be aware ple. Pharmaceutical companies are the quin­ tivists persuaded its manufacturer not to tessential high technology companies which market that drug merely because they dis­ that such "evidence" in no way proves that the 936 credit is costing jobs, on balance, in depend for their existence on their ability to agreed with one potential use? To the extent develop new products continually. This re­ that politics meddles with medical science, the U.S. mainland. Plant openings and clos­ ing go on by the thousands every year, and quires large sums of money which cannot all Americans suffer. in almost every instance one state gains at easily be raised in outside capital markets. Induced abortion is one of the most com­ another's expense. This is simply the nature Section 936 has permitted the pharma­ mon operations performed in the United of a free market system. It is a telling fact ceutical companies to remain innovative and States. Each year, 2 percent to 3 percent of that in many of the cases of job transfer competitive while at the same time assisting all women of reproductive age undergo elec­ cited Puerto Rico was only one of many the heavily over-populated island of Puerto tive abortions-about 1.6 million per year. sites, both foreign and domestic, which were Rico. This doesn't sound like a "lose-lose Thqse of us in women's health are working on the receiving end of the jobs. In Puerto proposition" to me. hard to reduce the number of abortions re­ Rico, alone, 81 plants closed completely last Now let's look at the importance of 936 to quired. However, because of dwindling con­ year, and doubtless some of the work that Puerto Rico: You might begin with the two­ was being done in those plants ended up in volume "Economic Study of Puerto Rico" by traceptive research and development, mis­ the U.S. Department of Commerce in 1979. conceptions about the safety and efficacy of mainland states. The Midwest Center apparently also real­ Here's a sample of what their non-partisan current contraceptives and human fallibil­ ized that their anecdotal evidence was not team of experts had to say: ity, the need for abortion will not disappear. enough so they added an appendix entitled Federal and Commonwealth tax policies Moreover, abortion will remain essential for "Aggregate data on job losses". The focus of have been extremely important in stimulat­ women whose fetuses have severe genetic or attention in the appendix is the pharma­ ing industrial growth throughout the post­ metabolic defects and for women whose lives ceutical industry, and a table is produced World War II period. (Vol. I, p. 8). would be threatened by continuation of preg­ which shows employment of production Another important role of the Federal nancy. workers in tlle U.S. pharmaceutical industry Government is that of a stimulator of Puerto Abortion has always been with us, and it going down from 88.7 thousand in 1980 to 82.0 Rican industrial growth through tax poli­ always will be. Since abortion is a fundamen­ thousand in 1989, a decline of 7.6 percent. cies. The U.S. tax exemptions granted to tal part of women's health care, our societal So that the authenticity of the numbers firms investing in Puerto Rico go back many responsibility is to make it as safe, inexpen­ may not be questioned I have attached a years. But the Internal Revenue Code revi­ printout (omitted here today for space rea­ sions of 1976 and the changed economic envi­ sive and compassionate as possible, RU-486, sons) supplied to me on the day of your press ronment which ultimately diminished the currently denied women in this country, conference by the definitive source for em­ importance of low labor costs and tariff-free promises to be an important step in that di­ ployment statistics in this country, the Bu­ entry of products into the United States­ rection. reau of Labor Statistics of the U.S. Depart­ two particularly advantageous features of ment of Labor. That printout shows an in­ Puerto Rico in the earlier development­ crease in production worker employment in have made the tax concessions of greater the U.S. pharmaceutical industry from 96.7 value in recent years. (Vol. I, p. 9). thousand in 1980 to 101.9 thousand in 1989 and Continuation of the present exemption a further increase to 105.1 thousand in 1990. from Federal income tax of repatriated divi- June 20, 1991 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 15867 dends from Puerto Rican enterprises, how­ cation development [GED] test; another Amercia's sixth-largest trading partner, ever, is virtually a sine qua non for attract­ 52,146 participants received U.S. citizenship; doing more business with this country than ing more U.S. investment capital to Puerto over 151 ,000 participants who were previously France or Saudi Arabia and twice as much as Rican industry. (Vol. I, p. 24). mainland China. Taiwan has become a major The Possessions Corporation System of unemployed found jobs; and over 24,000 left global investor; its companies now buy our Taxation under section 936 is of central im­ the welfare rolls. Clearly, our investment in American businesses. portance to continued Puerto Rican indus­ Adult Education Act programs yields signifi­ Yet in the eyes of official Washington, and trial development. Aside from section 936, cant results for the individuals involved as well of most other governments, Taipei scarcely however, existing Federal Government pro­ as for the Nation as a whole. exists. grams have only a marginal impact on indus­ Funds provided under the Adult Education When Washington belatedly recognized the trial development. (Vol. II, p. 12)." Act also fund a variety of other services. People's Republic 12 years ago, it accepted the proposition then put forth by both Other dispassionate studies have reached There are grants for programs for migrant similar conclusions, the most recent one Beijing and Taipei that there could be only being that of the Congressional Budget Of­ farmworkers and immigrants. Other grants one China. But in reality, there remain two fice in conjunction with Congressional delib­ fund programs to train adult volunteer tutors. Chinas. America's traditional one-China pol­ erations over enabling legislation for a plebi­ There is a program of applied research, devel­ icy is ripe for critical review. scite on Puerto Rico's political status. Orga­ opment, dissemination, and evaluation which The one-China fiction grows increasingly nizations such as the OCAWU always prefer contributes to the improvement and expansion hard to justify as Taiwan deepens its eco­ to refer to reports by the U.S. Treasury, of adult education, and a national clearing­ nomic relations with the outside world and China turns its back on market reforms. however. With all due respect to that impor­ house to compile information on literacy curric­ tant organization, given their track record After last year's bloodbath in Tiananmen ula and resources for adult education. Square, no one imagines an easy fusion of on section 936 I believe that if it were up to At a time when we are hoping to raise the them Puerto Rico would still be the "Poor­ the two Chinese states any time soon. house of the Caribbean". As recently as 1984, overall literacy rate in this country, and to en­ Taipei's application to rejoin the capitalist as a part of their Report to the President on courage adults to continue to learn throughout world's main trade organization, the General tax reform they called for the complete their lives, the Adult Education Act encom­ Agreement on Tariffs and Trade, has already elimination of section 936. The Treasury's passes those kind of efforts. It is fitting that we set off a debate within the Bush Administra­ . first interest is in the collection of taxes; it tion. Carla Hills, the Trade Representative, recognize the 25th anniversary of this worth­ supports Taipei's bid. But the State Depart­ is not set up to deal with the larger issues of while program, and that we indicate our con­ economic development. ment, reluctant to upset Beijing and perhaps tinued support for its activities through this endanger its cooperation against Iraq, re­ That is what concerns me most about the joint resolution. legislation which you are proposing. Not sists. only is it not needed as shown by the em­ Taiwan was a founding member of the ployment statistics I have provided, but it Trade Agreement in 1947 but was forced out also creates a cumbersome mechanism by RECOGNIZING TAIWAN'S QUALI­ in 1971 when the People's Republic assumed which the Department of the Treasury could FICATIONS FOR MEMBERSHIP IN China's seat in the United Nations. Its re­ THE GENERAL AGREEMENT ON turn would automatically subject Taiwanese accomplish administratively what it pro­ trade to the world's agreed trading ground posed in 1984. Given the natural volatility of TARIFFS AND TRADE rules. That can also be done, as now, by a market conditions no company can safely network of bilateral agreements. predict what decisions they might have to Ultimately, GATT membership is symbolic make with respect to their manpower levels HON. JOHN MILLER OF WASHINGTON and political. But it is just for symbolic and in the future. Any job reductions anywhere political reasons that the U.S. should now else could too easily be blamed on job in­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES look with favor on Taiwan's readmission. creases in Puerto Rico. The safe thing to do Thursday, June 20, 1991 There is no doubt about Taiwan's commit­ would be simply to avoid the risk and forget Mr. MILLER of Washington. Mr. Speaker, ment to a market economy, a standard con­ about investing in Puerto Rico. Section 936 dition for GATT membership. And, unlike could simply turn into a dead letter... recently the New York Times published two mainland China, Taiwan is now committed editorials urging the administration to support to democracy. Taiwan's application for GA TI membership. There are obvious problems. Beijing insists THE 25TH ANNIVERSARY OF THE The titles of those two editorials pretty well on subordinating Taiwan's application to its ADULT EDUCATION ACT sum up the matter: "Taiwan Belongs in own membership bid. But that may not GATI," and "Taiwan is Too Big to Ignore." prove insuperable. Both Chinas now partici­ The Republic of China was a founding mem­ pate in the Asian Development Bank, with HON. E. TIIOMAS COLEMAN Taiwan accepting the designation "Taipei, OF MISSOURI ber of the GA TI in 194 7. Shortly after that, China." That formula honors the fiction of IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the civil war on the mainland intervened. Tai­ one China while acknowledging the reality of wan later was granted observer status but lost two regimes. Taipei would re-enter GATT as Thursday, June 20, 1991 that status when it lost its seat in the United the "Customs Territory of Taiwan, Penghu, Mr. COLEMAN of Missouri. Mr. Speaker, Nations. But now Taiwan is one of the leading Kinmen and Matsu." today along with three of my colleagues from trading nations of the world. It is too big to ig­ Washington is not obliged to humor the Education and Labor Committee, I am in­ nore. It is a responsible member of the world Beijing's desire to deny the reality of two troducing a joint resolution honoring the 25th trading community and has demonstrated its Chinas. Especially on economic matters, the U.S. holds far more cards than the People's anniversary of the Adult Education Act. This sincerity by abiding by GA TI rules even Republic, and can afford to put American in­ act is the cornerstone of Federal assistance to though it is not a signatory. terests first. Those interests are served by adults lacking basic education and literacy Taiwan, the world's 13th largest trading maintaining normal diplomatic and eco­ skills and has over the past 25 years served partner, and the United States' 6th largest nomic relations with mainland China. But hundreds of thousands of adults obtain these trading partner, is clearly qualified for member­ they are also served by dealing with the re­ much needed skills. ship in the GATI. As a GATI member, Tai­ ality of Taipei. wan would sit at the table with its fellow trad­ A recent State performance report indicates TAIWAN BELONGS IN GATT that 3.3 million people received services under ing nations and be bound officially to abide by Even as politics divided the world after the Adult Education Basic State Grant Pro­ the same rules of international trade that 100 World War II, trade united it. Now, Com­ gram. Approximately 69 percent of these par­ other member nations abide by. Taiwan de­ munism's collapse and the third world's dis­ ticipants received instruction in either basic serves membership in GATI, and it deserves enchantment with protectionism makes pos­ skills or English-as-a-second-language pro­ the support of the United States for its applica­ sible a truly global market-one world, unit­ grams. The remaining 31 percent received tion. It is in the United States interests for Tai­ ed in trade. high school equivalency instruction. wan to be in GATI. I hope my colleagues will The framework for trade advances has been This instruction was provided by about agree and join me in urging the administration the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade. Under its auspices nearly 100 diverse nations 7,300 full-time and 69,000 part-time teachers. to support Taiwan's application. have agreed to uniform, equitable rules of Over 90,000 literacy volunteers participated in TAIWAN: Too BIG TO IGNORE international commerce. Yet GATT ought to the program, mostly as tutors. Further, Taiwan is now one of Asia's most powerful be even more universal than it now is. Poli­ 199,785 participants passed the general edu- industrial and trading economies. It is tics still divides. 15868 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 20, 1991 Western deference to China now keeps Tai­ town of Newark, NJ, holds a special celebra­ TRIBUTE TO THE 49TH TACTICAL wan, the world's 13th-largest trading nation, tion as the North Ward community gathers to FIGHTER WING outside GA'IT. Beijing objects that admit­ mark the 20th year anniversary of the North ting Taiwan would undermine the principle that there can be only one China. Ward Educational and Cultural Center. That argument doesn't stand up. Taiwan The center stands as a tribute to the endur­ HON. DAVID E. BONIOR has deliberately skirted the one-China issue ing spirit of a neighborhood determined not OF MICHIGAN by applying to GA'IT as the "Customs Terri­ only to survive, but to flourish. Over the years, tory of Taiwan, Penghu, Kinmen and Matsu. immigrants seeking a better life settled into the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Its admission under this name would follow North Ward's small frame houses with their the precedent of Hong Kong, a GA'IT mem­ Thursday, June 20, 1991 ber since 1988. Ideological hostility, not Chi­ lovely flowering gardens. It was a neighborly na's integrity, seems Beijing's true concern. place, where life centered around family and Mr. BONIOR. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to Taiwan's open-market economy meets nor­ church-related activitie.s. pay tribute to the 49th Tactical Fighter Wing. mal GA'IT entrance criteria, while Beijing's After the upheaval of 1960's, many feared The wing's members are holding their 1991 half-reformed, half-centralized system falls that the values and the cohesiveness of the reunion in Roseville, Ml this week. short. And despite the mainland's huge edge in territory and population, Taiwan is a North Ward would be lost forever. But, in the The 49th initially was designated as the weightier player in the world economy by al­ midst of the storm, the community found an 49th Pursuit Group in 1940. The group was most every measure: industrialization, trade anchor. An idea emerged to create a center activated on the 16th of January, 1941 at flows, capital exports and international re­ where all North Ward residents would be wel­ Selfridge Field near Mount Clemens, MI. It serves. come, a center where young and old could was among the first to deploy from the United Taiwan is now America's sixth-largest come together to learn, to work, to talk, and to trading partner, accounting for this coun­ States to the Pacific Theatre of Operations grow. Among those who worked to make the during World War II. In 4 years of combat the try's second-largest bilateral trade deficit. idea a reality was Msgr. Geno Baroni, whose With the Bush Administration's stated com­ group's pilots. destroyed 678 enemy aircraft, a mitment to GA'IT, Washington might be ex­ confidence in the future of urban life inspired record surpassing all other fighter groups in pected to support Taiwan's application him to establish the National Center for Urban the Pacific Theatre. Their success in the war strongly. But thus far it has not. Ethnic Affairs and led to his appointment as earned them the nickname "fighting 49ers." The Administration would best serve Under Secretary of Housing and Urban Devel­ American political and economic interests opment. Community leaders like Steven In 1950, the redesignated 49th Fighter by supporting Taiwan's entrance into GA'IT. Adubato, a Newark schoolteacher, worked to Bomber Wing began operations in Korea. Its create a community center that would be a members were the first jet fighter unit to oper­ place of unity infused with a spirit of optimism ate there. They became one of the most deco­ BRIG. GEN. RUSS ZAJTCHUK about the future. rated Air Force units to emerge from the Ko­ rean war. The North Ward Center offers senior citi­ HON. ROBERT H. MICHEL zens' services, recreation, day care, and job On July 8, · 1958, the wing received its OF ILLINOIS training opportunities. Other services of the present designation. The following summer the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES center include youth counseling, housing, wing began what became a 9-year stay at Thursday, June 20, 1991 community rehabilitation and stabilization, Spangdahlem Air Base in the Federal Repub­ Mr. MICHEL. Mr. Speaker, earlier this week, health care, and partnerships with other orga­ lic of Germany. Russ Zajtchuk was promoted to brigadier gen­ nizations such as the Boys' and Girls' Clubs of The unit became the first dual-based tactical eral of the U.S. Army at the Walter Reed Army Newark. fighter wing in July 1968 when its members Medical Center in Washington, DC. Over the years, the center's activities have were based at Holloman Air Force Base in Promotions such as these, meritorious as included an anticrime program, equivalency New Mexico. The wing's first exercise of dual­ they are, are often overlooked save by friends classes to help people acquire high school di­ basing, entitled Crested Cap I, earned the and family. Yet, the promotion of Russ plomas, a training program for those seeking 49ers the coveted MacKay Trophy. The Zajtchuk should serve to remind each of us placement in the business world, a Meals on award, given for the "most meritorious flight of that the American dream is alive and can, Wheels Program, a hypertension screening the year," was earned by the 49th for the fast­ against odds and obstacles, persevere. program, a senior citizens employment project, est, nonstop deployment of jet aircraft ever ac­ Born in Ukraine, Brigadier General Zajtchuk and a "sister city" agreement with Guaynabo, complished with T AC by a wing's entire fleet. emigrated via Germany to my native State of Puerto Rico. In May 1972, the wing was directed to per­ Illinois. General Zajtchuk's studies, began at It is an interesting historical note that the form combat duties in Southeast Asia. During the University of Illinois, culminated in a doctor headquarters of the center was once a man­ almost 5 months of combat, the wing flew of medicine degree from the University of Chi­ sion representing the privilege of mill and fac­ thousands of missions without losing a single cago. tory owners who controlled Newark at the turn man to the enemy-a testimony to the out­ After 21 years of dedication on both domes­ of the century. Today, the descendants of fac­ standing training and proficiency of all mem­ tic and international assignments, Russ tory and mill workers are able to benefit from bers of the 49th. Zajtchuk is at the pinnacle of medical services; the services offered at this splendid location. he was until recently the deputy commander In 1980, two pilots from the 49th each flew of the Walter Reed Army Medical Center and The center has found creative ways to pro­ their F-15's 6,200 miles in just over 14 hours will soon be the commanding general of mote international goodwill: In March 1979, and established a record for the longest flights Brooke Army Medical Center, Fort Sam Hous­ they held a simulated peace treaty signing be­ of a single-seat fighter aircraft. ton, TX. tween an Israeli and an Egyptian family living in the North Ward; to help the victims of the In the fall of 1988, the 49th won top honors I join with his friends and family in wishing at William Tell, an air-to-~ir weapons competi­ Brigadier Generai.Zajtchuk continued success. 1980 earthquake in southern Italy, they hosted a fundraising event commemorating Italy's tion held in Florida. The wing outdistanced the "Little Christmas"; and in conjunction with nearest competitor by the significant margin of more than 2,000 points. The 49th won a vari­ TWENTY SUCCESSFUL YEARS FOR UNICEF, they raised funds for Ethiopian Fam­ ine Relief. ety of awards, including the coveted "Top THE NORTH WARD CENTER Gun" for the best fighter pilot. Mr. Speaker, I know my colleagues here in HON. DONALD M. PAYNE the U.S. House of Representatives join me in I commend the 49th Tactical Fighter Wing paying tribute to the · North Ward community on their success. I am confident they will con­ OF NEW JERSEY tinue to serve this country in an equally out­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES on the 20th anniversary of the North Ward Center, a special place which embodies solid, standing fashion in the future. Thursday, June 20, 1991 enduring values handed down from one gen­ Above all, Mr. Speaker, I pay tribute to the Mr. PAYNE of New Jersey. Mr. Speaker, on eration to another. Our best wishes go out for brave men and women who have given their Friday, June 21, a neighborhood in my home- continued success. lives to keep this great sovereign Nation free. June 20, 1991 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 15869 HOUSE RESOLUTION 177 Joseph Perl, who will retire this month after 25 formation, sponsored 40,000 safety patrollers years of service with the New York City De­ and settled more than 358,000 insurance HON. MARTIN FROST partment of Housing Preservation and Devel­ claims. OF TEXAS opment [NYHPD]. Joseph Perl currently acts Mr. Speaker, a, this time I ask my col­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES as director of project services for fiscal affairs leagues in the House to join me in saluting Thursday, June 20,1991 at NYHPD. AAA-Michigan on this occasion and thank As the senior Republican of the Appropria­ them for all their steadfast years of service to Mr. FROST. Mr. Speaker, I rise in support tions Subcommittee which funds the Depart­ our State of Michigan. of House Resolution 177, the Foreign Oper­ ment of Housing and Urban Development ations Appropriation for Fiscal Year 1992. I am [HUD], I am especially pleased to congratulate particularly pleased that the Committee on Ap­ Joseph Perl on his achievements. Mr. Perl has OPPOSITION TO AMENDMENT TO propriations has included in its bill a rec­ been an integral figure at the NYHPD in pro­ H.R. 2508 ommendation for $20 million for assistance to moting housing progams as he has served as democratic institution building in Eastern Eu­ an advisor and a special assistant to numer­ HON. JIM MOODY rope in the coming year. I would like to thank ous housing commissioners. Due to Mr. Perl's the chairman of the subcommittee, Mr. OBEY, OF WISCONSIN active involvement and fiscal insights, his IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES for his assistance and support of democratic housing programs have enabled the city to institution building in the region and for his save millions of dollars. This was especially Thursday, June 20, 1991 support for the activities of the Special Task true with the Mitchell-Lama Housing Pro­ Mr. MOODY. Mr. Speaker, I rise to express Force on the Development of Parliamentary grams. my opposition to the Bryant amendment to Institutions in Eastern Europe. Rabbi Perl has been instrumental in H.R. 2508, the foreign aid authorization bill. Mr. Speaker, since the task force was cre­ overseeing the development of a great many The Bryant amendment would withhold $82.5 ated in April of 1990, we have developed a housing projects, but he is most known for his million of the $3 billion in economic assistance plan of assistance to the parliaments of Hun­ work in the Boro Park Brooklyn community. to Israel. gary, Czechoslovakia, and, in coordination He has shown a great deal of devotion and al­ I do share some of the concerns that moti­ with the Senate's Gift of Democracy Program, legiance to that neighborhood. vate Congressman BRYANT. I hope that we will Poland. I am pleased to announce that on At this time, I join my colleagues in offering not see an expansion of settlements in the Thursday of last week, a contract was signed special thanks to Joseph Perl for dedicating West Barik and Gaza. But I also share the for the provision of computer and office equip­ his career to serving the community. I should concerns expressed by Chairman HAMIL TON; ment to the Federal Assembly of the Czech also like to extend my very best to him upon this is not a balanced amendment. It cites Is­ and Slovak Federal Republic. This equipment his retirement. rael's settlement activity as an obstacle to should be installed by the end of July and I peace in the region. But we all know that the believe it is a concrete demonstration of the greatest obstacles to peace do not, in fact, seriousness of our effort on the behalf of AAA 75TH ANNIVERSARY come from Israel. these new institutions in Eastern Europe. In COMMEMORATION The greatest obstacles come from Arab addition, by the end of this week, the first re­ countries that refuse to recognize Israel's right quest for proposal for computer and office HON. JOHN D. DINGEU to exist and continue to impose a trade boy­ equiprryent for the parliament of the Republic OF MICHIGAN cott against Israel. This amendment takes no of Hungary will be published. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES steps to withhold aid to those countries. For The task force, with the assistance of the Li­ this reason, it is not evenhanded and I cannot brary of Congress and the Congressional Re­ Thursday, June 20, 1991 support it. search Service, is actively working with these Mr. DINGELL. Mr. Speaker, today I rise to new parliaments to help them develop the commemorate the 75th anniversary of the necessary infrastructure to ensure that they American Automobile Association of Michigan, RECOGNIZING AMERICAN AIR- will become true legislative bodies. In addition more widely as the automobile club of Michi­ LINE'S LEADERSHIP IN WICHITA to providing computer equipment, the task gan. Not only is AAA-Michigan the third larg­ STATE UNIVERSITY'S AIRLINE force is also providing books and periodicals est automobile club in the country, but it oper­ QUALITY RATINGS to stock the parliamentary libraries, and train­ ates the largest travel agency in Michigan. On ing staff in research and analysis in order to June 25, AAA-Michigan will celebrate 75 years HON. DAN GUCKMAN begin to be able to provide those services to of servicing our State and its insurance needs, the members and staff of those parliaments. OF KANSAS and I would like to pay tribute to their accom­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES We believe we are helping to establish a plishments. strong foundation for the future development In 1916 when 19 Detroit-area business lead­ Thursday, June 20, 1991 of the new parliaments of Eastern Europe and ers united to form the Detroit Automobile Club, Mr. GLICKMAN. Mr. Speaker, at the begin­ for the future of democracy in the region. they probably did not envision the growth their ning of this century, Orville and Wilbur Wright Mr. Speaker, the task force has developed club would experience in the years that have had a vision. Their dream was to see Ameri­ a budget of $6 million for fiscal year 1992 to followed. During this organization's 75 years, it cans flying, and their creative genius ensured be dedicated to the completion of our assist­ has become the leading advocate for the that this Nation would play the primary role in ance program in Poland, Hungary and adoption of an "implied consent law" to re­ developing the fledgling aviation industry. Czechoslovakia, and to begin a program of duce drunk driving accidents and deaths. While the airline industry has undergone assistance in Bulgaria. We are especially AAA-Michigan has led successful efforts to dramatic change in the ensuing 84 years, one pleased that the Subcommittee on Foreign lower the blood-alcohol content standard for thing has remained constant: the United Operations is supportive of our efforts and has drunk driving, and has actively supported the States continues to be the indisputable world recommended in its report that the program be enactment of mandatory safety belt laws. Not leader in the field of aviation. funded at that level in the coming fiscal year. only was AAA-Michigan the first auto club to Much of the credit for this fact can be attritr develop high school drivers' training classes, uted to the substantial commitment of Govern­ TRIBUTE TO RABBI JOSEPH PERL but it was also the first auto club to install a ment, industry and academic institutions to stop sign. aviation research and development. One such HON. BIU GREEN Throughout the 75 years AAA-Michigan has higher learning facility that conducts extensive been in existence its membership has ex­ aviation research and development is the Na­ OF NEW YORK panded to more than 1.5 million members. In tional Institute for Aviation Research at the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES just last year alone AAA-Michigan has an­ Wichita State University. Thursday, June 20,1991 swered more that 800,000 emergency road Located in my congressional district and Mr. GREEN of New York. Mr. Speaker, I service requests, passed out over a million widely recognized as one of the finest facilities rise today to recognize my constituent, Rabbi triptiks, tourbooks and other travel-related in- in this country, the institute is a shining exam-

49-059 0--95 Vol. 137 (Pt. llJ 30 15870 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 20, 1991 pie of a higher education facility integrating the Thomas Jefferson Award for Public Service. Boro Park community in the heart of Brooklyn, cooperative efforts of business and Govern­ The commendation accompanying that award which I represent. Although he is best known ment to advance this Nation's aviation re­ sums it up: "What he has done for thousands in the five boroughs as an exacting fiscal ad­ search. The capabilities and state-of-the-art fa­ of youngsters can never be repaid." ministrator, he is first and foremost a friend of cilities at the National Institute for Aviation Re­ Mr. Speaker, I ask my colleagues to join me Boro Park and its most important institutions. search have made it one of the most pre­ in saluting Johnny Carpenter for some 50 He is a credit to our neighborhood. eminent research centers in the world and years of bringing light into the lives of children. Mr. Speaker, in recent years government have directly benefited this Nation's aviation has gotten the reputation for ineptness and industry. corruption. Yet it is due to the skilled labors of Recently, under the able leadership of Dr. TRffiUTE TO WILLIAM K. WATERS public servants whose integrity is beyond re­ Brent Bowen, Dr. Dean Headley and Ms. Jac­ proach that we are able to point to our suc­ queline Luedtke, the institute developed an HON. JACK REED cesses in the public sector. Public servants airline quality rating [AQR] to evaluate the OF RHODE ISLAND like Rabbi Perl make the system work for all comparative quality of the major domestic air­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES of us. lines. Sixty-five industry experts developed a Thursday, June 20, 1991 Although his skill and his concern for his fel­ list of 19 factors used by the traveling public low New Yorkers will be missed, I am none­ Mr. REED. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to pay to judge the different airlines' quality of serv­ theless pleased to join with his many friends tribute to William K. Waters on the occasion of ice. The list of factors includes on-time per­ and colleagues in celebrating Rabbi Perl's dis­ his 25th anniversary as student council advi­ formance, pilot deviations, number of acci­ tinguished career in public service. sor at Park View Junior High School in Cran­ dents, flight problems, oversales, mishandled ston, AI. Mr. Waters, who is known as Mr. baggage and customer service. Park View in recognition of his devotion to the Based upon these objective, quantifiable TRIBUTE TO ROBERT DEKRUIF tradition of educational excellence at Park factors, the institute compared the 10 major View Junior High School, is rightly honored for U.S. airlines, and in a report issued in April, his longstanding service in this challenging ca­ HON. HOWARD L. BERMAN concluded that American Airlines was the top pacity. OF CALIFORNIA domestic airline as of January 1991. This find­ William Waters, a 1964 graduate of Rhode IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ing was consistent with a recent major Island College, is presently chairperson of the Thursday, June 20, 1991 consumer survey of 4,400 frequent flyers social studies department at Park View. He is which also gave American Airlines top honors. Mr. BERMAN. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to regarded by fellow educators and parents as salute my dear friend, Robert DeKruif. My hat goes off to the company, which has a stellar teacher who has through his leader­ definitely proven that they are "something spe­ Through his professional and civic accomplish­ ship, imagination, and dedication positively af­ ments, Bob has contributed greatly to the San cial in the air." fected the educational experiences of thou­ I believe that the AQR is an extremely valu­ Fernando Valley and to the State of California sands of young Rhode Islanders. He is cred­ able way of measuring consumer satisfaction. for the past 50 years. It is to celebrate this ited with steering the Park View Student Moreover, because it employs a method less­ milestone in his successful career that I honor Council to new levels of achievement, and for burdensome than surveying thousands of cus­ him today. He currently holds the positions of imbuing Student Council members with tomers, it can and will be updated on a regular vice chairman of Home Savings of America, senses of responsibility and self-confidence. director and vice chairman of the board of and timely basis. I applaud the institute for all Mr. Speaker, I ask you and my colleagues its efforts in this regard and encourage it to H.F. Ahmanson & Co. and, since 1968, he to join me today in saluting William K. Waters. has served on the board of trustees for the keep up the good work. I also salute American I am indeed fortunate that Mr. Waters has un­ Airlines for their achievement in providing Ahmanson Foundation. dertaken his impressive mission in my rep­ In 1941, after receiving a bachelor's degree high-quality, dependable service to this Na­ resentative district, and I join family and tion's traveling public. in business administration from the University friends who today honor his achievement. of Southern California, Bob joined H.F. Ahmanson & Co., as an insurance salesman. SALUTE TO JOHNNY CARPENTER CELEBRATING THE CAREER OF In 1958 he was appointed president of the RABBI JOSEPH PERL corporation. Presently, in his capacity as direc­ HON. ELTON GAIJ.EGLY tor and vice chairman of the board, he is re­ OF CALIFORNIA HON. STEPHEN J. SOLARZ sponsible for the company's government rela­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tions activities, as well as for overseeing the OF NEW YORK community outreach, corporate media rela­ Thursday, June 20, 1991 IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tions and corporate communications depart­ Mr. GALLEGLY. Mr. Speaker, I am pleased Thursday, June 20, 1991 ments. Bob is truly exceptional, not solely for to rise today to pay special recognition to a Mr. SOLARZ. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to these professional achievements, but for the man who has been helping handicapped and celebrate the career and accomplishments of manner in which he has used his prestige to underprivileged children win back their self-es­ Rabbi Joseph Perl on the occasion of his re­ help others less fortunate than himself. teem and their confidence for some 50 years. tirement on June 28, 1991. In his nearly 25 In addition to volunteering his time and ex­ Johnny Carpenter, the cowboy who cares, years of service to our city, he has made ines­ pertise to numerous community organizations has been operating the Heaven on Earth timable contributions to the welfare of New and involving himself in projects ranging from Ranch in Lake View Terrace, CA, since the York's citizens. art exhibits to job fairs, Bob has directed the 1940's. At the 5-acre ranch, he has helped Thousands of New York's citizens live in distribution of charitable donations to more nearly 1 million children through the magic of clean, safe, affordable housing thanks to his than 1,000 community agencies throughout horses and the power of caring. efforts. His professionalism and dedication the State and the Nation. Specifically, he has A generous man who provides his services have saved the city millions of dollars through provided leadership in the expansion of career without charge, he built and maintains almost sound fiscal management. Programs such as awareness and training for inner-city youth. single-handedy his ranch, an authentic west­ the Mitchell-Lama middle income housing pro­ Bob assisted in the development and growth em town complete with wagons, stagecoaches gram are lasting monuments to his labors. of the Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dis­ and livestock. The children, many of whom While Rabbi Perl has served most recently orders Association. He also helped to create have seldom been outdoors, respond to the as the director of projects services for fiscal "Operation Con-Game," an award-winning na­ setting, and visibly brighten. Many gain a new affairs and the New York City Department of tionwide crime prevention program. confidence that had not seemed possible be­ Housing, Preservation, and Development, he Most notably, Bob merged his professional fore. has distinguished himself in numerous impor­ prowess with his civic-minded philosophy as For his outstanding efforts, Mr. Carpenter tant positions in our municipal government. the sponsor of business development con­ has been honored time and time again, includ­ I am also proud to note that so outstanding ferences designed to enhance minority partici­ ing being presented with the prestigious a public servant is a beloved member of the pation in major corporate purchasing pro- June 20, 1991 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 15871 grams. He is also involved in other activities from the face of the Earth. The people of improvements and expansions of the base's created to strengthen the Home Savings Af­ Cuba deserve to hear the message of democ­ infrastructure. firmative Action Program. His goal for this racy, and we in the Congress must assure Mr. Speaker, I thank my colleagues for al­ work is the external dissemination of equal that we support efforts to do so. lowing me this opportunity to honor Maj. Gen. employment opportunities, the internal revision John P. Schoeppner on his retirement. He has of affirmative action policy, and the formation been a great friend to the Air Force Flight Test and maintenance of advisement committees. UPON THE RETIREMENT OF MAJ. Center at Edwards Air Force Base and he has In all facets of his personal and professional GEN. JOHN P. SCHOEPPNER, JR. been a great personal friend to me, and his life Bob has continually shown dedication to services will be missed. his community and its members. He is a dedi­ HON. WILIJAM M. TIIOMAS cated citizen fully deserving of the many com­ OF CALIFORNIA mendations bestowed upon him. Please join IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES me in thanking Robert DeKruif for his humani­ Thursday, June 20,1991 TRIBUTE TO POLICE OFFICER tarian contributions to his community and to his State of California and in wishing him Mr. THOMAS of California. Mr. Speaker, I every success in his Mure endeavors. want to recognize Maj. Gen. John P. HON. GEORGE (BUDDY) DARDEN Schoeppner, Jr., on his retirement from the U.S. Air Force after a distinguished 31-year OF GEORGIA PRESERVE TV MARTI career. General Schoeppner has served as IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the commander of the Air Force Flight Test HON. 11M0111Y J. ROEMER Center at Edwards Air Force Base in Califor­ Thursday, June 20,1991 nia since July 1988, overseeing the base's OF INDIANA Mr. DARDEN. Mr. Speaker, police offiCers IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 301,000 acres and 18,000 employees and residents and an $801 million annual budget. take an oath to protect and serve; It's their job. Thursday, June 20, 1991 General Schoeppner has distinguished him­ But this past week, Rick William Hardin, a 6- Mr. ROEMER. Mr. Speaker, last week the self both as a pilot and a commander during year veteran of the Marietta Police Depart­ House passed the Commerce, Justice and his Air Force career. A graduate of the Air ment, went above and beyond the call of duty State Department appropriations bill. I am Force Officer Training Corps program, General in risking his life to save others. Today, I pleased to note that in taking this action, one Schoeppner entered the Air Force in 1960 and would like share with my colleagues the story of our most important programs in carrying the completed his pilot training in 1966 at Reese of this courageous man. message of democracy to Communist coun­ Air Force Base, TX. He participated in the On June 12, Officer Hardin was on patrol in tries was preserved. United States' response to North Korea's at­ downtown Marietta as a member of the Cobra TV Marti has been broadcasting into Cuba tack on the U.S.S. Pueblo as a flight com­ Unit drug task force when he drove by a man and delivering strong signals into its primary mander in the 18th Tactical Fighter Wing while screaming and wildly waving a box cutter be­ target areas of Havana, Matanzas, and Pinar stationed at Kadena Air Base in Okinawa, fore a large crowd. Officer Hardin stopped his del rio Provinces. The broadcasts are fulfilling Japan, and is a command pilot with more than vehicle, pulled his gun, and confronted the a critical ' role in attempting to provide informa­ 3,000 flying hours, including 360 combat suspect, who he believed to be under the in­ tion to a populace that is the victim of one of hours. His military decorations and awards in­ fluence of drugs. When a backup officer ar­ the most aggressive disinformation programs clude the Distinguished Service Medal, De­ rived, the suspect repeatedly lunged at both in the world. fense Superior Service Medal, Legion of Merit offiCers with the razor-tipped instrument. In Castro's Cuba, news is being censored with two oak leaf clusters, and the Distin­ Standing in the range of fire was a crowd of from the Soviet Union, Eastern Europe, and guished Flying Cross. approximately 75 people, including small chil­ from elsewhere in Latin America. As democ­ Following graduation from the U.S. Air dren. Because he was afraid a bullet might ri