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Archaeological Excavations at Mattapany-Sewall (18ST390) Naval Air Station, Patuxent River St

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Archaeological Excavations at Mattapany-Sewall (18ST390) Naval Air Station, Patuxent River St "A Fair House of Brick and Timber": Archaeological Excavations at Mattapany-Sewall (18ST390) Naval Air Station, Patuxent River St. Mary's County, Maryland Author(s) / Editor(s): Edward E. Chaney, Julia A. King Published: 1999 Document Type: other Stable URL: http://core.tdar.org/document/393670/a-fair-house-of-brick-and-timber-archa eological-excavations-at-mattapany-sewall-18st390-naval-air-station-patuxen t-river-st-marys-county-maryland DOI: doi:10.6067/XCV8P2706H Note: DISCLAIMER: The following report is a very preliminary DRAFT. It has not been through the editing process and many of the figures have not been generated. Additionally, when the report was written in 1999, the inclusion of the figures and appendices in the final formatting were not easily done in one document because of technological limitations. In preparation for inclusion in tDAR, this document was therefore updated in 2014 so that complete components of the report could be incorporated into one file. Since... Downloaded: by Julie Darsie on 9/25/15 11:15 AM Your use of tDAR indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, availablle at http://www.tdar.org/support/policies/term-of-use/. tDAR is an international digital repository developed and maintained by the Center for Digital Antiquity, a not-for-profit organization that helps scholars, researchers, educators and students, and interested members of the geneeral public discover, use, and preserve a wide range of information about archaeology and archaeological resources. For more information about the Center for Digital Antiquity, visit our web site http://digitalantiquity.org. For more information about tDAR, see http://www.tdar.org. We welcome your comments via email at [email protected] or phone at 480-965-1387. “A Fair House of Brick and Timber”: Archaeological Excavations at Mattapany-Sewall (18ST390) Naval Air Station, Patuxent River St. Mary’s County, Maryland Prepared by: Edward E. Chaney Julia A. King Jefferson Patterson Park and Museum Maryland Historical Trust Department of Housing and Community Development 10515 Mackall Road St. Leonard, Maryland 20685 Prepared for: Natural Resources Branch Environmental Support Division Department of Public Works Naval Air Station, Patuxent River Principal Investigators: Julia A. King Edward E. Chaney Jefferson Patterson Park and Museum July 1999 TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS ................................................................................................................. i LIST OF FIGURES ......................................................................................................................... ii LIST OF TABLES ......................................................................................................................... iii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS .............................................................................................................. v INTRODUCTION........................................................................................................................... 1 Project Area Description ............................................................................................................. 3 Geology and Hydrology .............................................................................................................. 4 Fauna and Flora ........................................................................................................................... 5 PREHISTORIC BACKGROUND .................................................................................................. 7 Paleo-environment ...................................................................................................................... 7 Paleo-Indian Period (12,000-9,500 B.P.) .................................................................................... 8 Archaic Period (9,500 B.P.-3,000 B.P.) ...................................................................................... 9 Woodland Period (3,000-350 B.P.) ........................................................................................... 11 HISTORICAL BACKGROUND .................................................................................................. 14 Mission Period, 1608-1648 ....................................................................................................... 16 Resettlement, 1648-1663 .......................................................................................................... 45 Mattapany-Sewall, 1663-1684 .................................................................................................. 56 The Magazine and Revolution, 1671-1690 ............................................................................... 69 Transition Period, 1690-1721 ................................................................................................... 82 The Sewall's Return, 1722-1840 ............................................................................................... 85 The Thomas' and the Navy, 1840-present ................................................................................. 95 Quarters A ............................................................................................................................... 104 Historical Summary and Archaeological Implications ........................................................... 108 PREVIOUS ARCHAEOLOGICAL INVESTIGATIONS .......................................................... 111 METHODS ................................................................................................................................. 114 RESULTS ................................................................................................................................... 117 Magazine Area ........................................................................................................................ 117 House Area .............................................................................................................................. 133 SUMMARY ................................................................................................................................ 200 NOTES ........................................................................................................................................ 208 REFERENCES ........................................................................................................................... 227 APPENDIX 1 ............................................................................................................................. 244 APPENDIX 2 .............................................................................................................................. 247 APPENDIX 3 .............................................................................................................................. 251 APPENDIX 4 .............................................................................................................................. 255 APPENDIX 5 .............................................................................................................................. 257 i LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1. Map of Maryland showing the project area location within Southern Maryland 2 Figure 2. Naval Air Station, Patuxent River, showing location of Mattapany 4 Figure 3. 1671 map by John Ogilby 70 Figure 4. 1873 property plat showing Mansion House (Quarters A) and Calvert House 101 Figure 5. Test units in magazine area 118 Figure 6. Copper-alloy leather ornaments 121 Figure 7. Plan view of squares 32368 and 32628 122 Figure 8. Coin weights found at Mattapany 125 Figure 9. Plan view showing phase II units in house area and major features found 133 Figure 10. Plan view of unit 32317 138 Figure 11. Fragment of tin-glaze tile found at Mattapany 146 Figure 12. Plan view of unit 32840 151 Figure 13. Plan view of units 32844 and 33104 156 Figure 14. Units 34403 and 34663 – profile of west wall 179 Figure 15. Photos of major architectural features in units 34922 and 34663 186 Figure 16. Masonry from Mattapany 203 ii LIST OF TABLES Table 1. St. Mary’s County Tax Assessments for Nicholas L. Sewall, By Year. 90 Table 2. Artifacts from Test Unit 31852 119 Table 3. Artifacts from Test Unit 32368 120 Table 4. Artifacts from Test Unit 32628 121 Table 5. Artifacts from Test Unit 33668 123 Table 6. Artifacts from Test Unit 33671 124 Table 7. Artifacts from Test Unit 33925 124 Table 8. Artifacts from Test Unit 33934 126 Table 9. Artifacts from Test Unit 34452 127 Table 10. Artifacts from Test Unit 34710 129 Table 11. Artifacts from Test Unit 35236 130 Table 12. Artifacts from Test Unit 35483 131 Table 13. Artifacts from Test Unit 35490 132 Table 14. Artifacts from Test Unit 31533 134 Table 15. Artifacts from Test Unit 31546 134 Table 16. Artifacts from Test Unit 31799 135 Table 17. Artifacts from Test Units 32059, 32060 136 Table 18. Artifacts from Test Unit 32315 137 Table 19. Artifacts from Test Unit 32317 137 Table 20. Artifacts from Test Unit 32323 139 Table 21. Artifacts from Test Unit 32557 140 Table 22. Artifacts from Test Unit 32576 141 Table 23. Artifacts from Test Unit 32579 141 Table 24. Artifacts from Test Unit 32580 142 Table 25. Artifacts from Test Unit 32589 143 Table 26. Artifacts from Test Unit 32590 144 Table 27. Artifacts from Test Unit 32591 144 Table 28. Artifacts from Test Unit 32838 146 Table 29. Artifacts from Test Unit 32840, Strata A and B (Plowzone) 147 Table 30. Artifacts from Test Unit 32840, Cellar Fill
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