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Moray Sustainability Handbook

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Moray Sustainability Handbook MorMoraayy SustainabilitySustainability HandbookHandbook The Rough Guide to Moray’s Future 1 2 Index No Chapter Section Page Introduction Sustainable Development 5 Jargon Buster 6 1 Energy 9 Climate change 10 Energy efficiency 12 Renewable energy 15 Fuel Poverty 17 Building Sustainably 18 2 Environment 21 Trees and Forestry 22 The Great Outdoors 25 Environmental Organisations 29 Biodiversity 35 Natural Heritage Designations 37 3 Transport 39 Greener Driving 40 Public Transport 44 Cycling and Walking 46 4 Community 49 Health and Welfare 50 Volunteering 53 Children and Families 55 Politics 58 Community participation 63 Inclusion 66 Community Development 70 5 Economy 73 Business 74 Social Economy 76 Poverty 78 Green Tourism 80 6 Products 83 Resource Consumption 84 Food 87 Fairtrade 90 Eco labelling 92 7 Waste 95 Reduce 96 Reuse 98 Recycle 100 Disposal 103 8 Pollution 105 Water 106 Land 108 Air 110 Noise 112 Feedback 114 Feedback Sheet 115 3 Acknowledgements In 2003 members of the Moray Sustainability Forum started to research and write this booklet as we had identified the need for a simple guide to the complexities of sustainable development and a handy contact list for organisations in Moray. We received grant funding from Awards for All towards the estimated costs of researching, printing and distributing 4,000 copies. It is our intention for copies of this free booklet to be widely distributed throughout Moray to Libraries, Schools, Community Centres, Post Offices, The Moray Council Access Points and Tourist Information Offices. We would like to thank the Lottery Funding through Awards for All for their patience and support for this booklet. Without their financial backing this project would never have made it past the planning stage. We would also like to thank all the individuals and organisations who helped to research information, gather leaflets, give advice, contribute sections and proof read parts or the entire booklet. There really are too many to name but thanks to you all. However, particular individuals whose contribution must be acknowledges include: The Moray Council and The Northern Scot for their help and permission to use some of their photographs; Gary Templeton, Roy Anderson, Claire Ross and Kevin McDermott for their input; and Posthouse Printing and Publishing Ltd of Findhorn for keeping us right. We sincerely hope that you will find this booklet interesting, useful and thought provoking. Perhaps it could encourage you to implement your own sustainable strategies that will contribute to a better future here in Moray. On behalf of the Moray Sustainable Forum, Rod Lovie and Mike Bowker February 2005 Photos in this booklet courtesy of: The Northern Scot: page 9, 15, 39, 83, 88, 95, 105 The Moray Council: page 1, 11, 21, 28, 47, 49, 54, 73, 81 Additional copies of this booklet may be available from: MSF, C/o REAP, 177 Mid Street, Keith Banffshire AB55 5BL 01542 888070 4 Introduction SustainableMaking Moray’s future better without Development making others worse Development is needed to tackle poverty, Environment and Development, unemployment, homelessness, ill health, published in 1987 as Our Common Future. poor access to education and low quality The report, often referred to as the of life throughout the world including Bruntland Report, explained that: Moray. However, if the same Humanity has the ability to make development happened throughout the “development sustainable – to world that has already occurred in the ensure that it meets the needs Western Countries the environmental of the present without damage would be such that the human compromising the ability of race could not survive. future generations to meet their Traditional economics, regardless of own needs. politics, identifies two types of resource It was the ”UN Conference on in society: Capital and Labour. In Environment and Development, contrast sustainable development commonly known as the 1992 Rio Earth encompasses three resources: economic Summit, which attempted to resolve the capital (roads, rail, mines, factories), apparent conflict between short-term social or human capital (labour, skills, economic growth and both social and community spirit, local knowledge. environmental justice by endorsing both culture), and environmental capital development and environmental (landscapes, habitats, plants, animals). protection through sustainable Economic growth has traditionally been development. Most attending countries, made at the expense of social and/or including the UK, signed up to Agenda environmental resources. Therefore we 21 - a practical, world-wide blueprint for need a different kind of development taking sustainable development forward which tackles poverty but does not into the 21st Century. This requires damage the environment. This is governments to establish and implement sustainable development. national strategies for sustainable The accepted definition of sustainable development, grounded in participation development comes from the report of with the public, businesses and charities. the United Nations World Commission on Useful Contacts and Websites Scottish Executive Sustainable Development Commission www.sustainable.scotland.gov.uk www.sd-commission.gov.uk 0131 244 7311 A UK wide body to review progress and Sustainable development issues and build consensus to progress sustainable grant scheme. development. Sustainable Scotland Network www.sustainablescotland.net 01786 468235 Brings together Scottish Local Authorities to advance sustainable development action. 5 Introduction JargonConcepts Behind Sustainable Development Buster The problem with land is that they stopped making it some time ago. “ Mark Twain” Natural Capital – our life support system This is the natural assets on which the earth, causing depletion of current and future generations depend. the earth’s natural capital as a We can only sustainably manage consequence. ecosystems by not taking out more than WWF (2000) ” their regenerative capacity i.e. the The fact that industrialised countries are amount that they can naturally restore. living beyond their means will have This ensures that the earth can continue serious consequences. Future to produce a similar bounty for future generations will have to survive on fewer generations. However: resources and these resources will in turn At some point in the 1970’s have a reduced regenerative capacity “humanity as a whole passed the to create resources for subsequent point at which it lived within the generations. global regenerative capacity of www.panda.org/livingplanet Ecological Footprinting – our demand on our natural resources Sustainable development is not just the resources they are consuming. The joining of existing social, economic and organisation Redefining Progress environmental policy fields. It should be calculated the global footprint of nations viewed as a new way of providing for in 1999. There is only 1.9 hectares of our needs while staying within the biologically productive space available capacity of our ecosystems. To this end per person on the earth however the new ways of measuring sustainability average citizen has a footprint of 2.3 have been developed. Ecological hectares. This means that we are footprinting is one method of measuring exceeding the earth’s ecological capacity the impact of human activity and by over 20%. Northern countries like development. The footprint of an the USA have an ecological footprint of individual, country or region is an 9.6 hectares while Pakistan has one of indication of the amount of land each 0.7 hectares. This shows the huge would need in order to produce the disparity of resource consumption in the amount of resources they consume and world at present. to dispose of the waste they produce. www.bestfootforward.com This enables different societies to www.redefiningprogress.org compare how much of the earth’s Sustainable Development Indicators – measuring sustainability Policy-makers are familiar with their own development, the Scottish Executive has territory but feel adrift when faced with adopted three groups of priority issues: the immense breadth of ideas which resource use, energy and travel. These sustainable development raises. In order are intended to drive forward to measure sustainable development it sustainable development within the is important to agree on what is being responsibilities of the Scottish Executive. measured. To take forward sustainable www.scotland.gov.uk 6 Introduction Environmental Space – how much can we use? The concept of ‘environmental space’ is each year and for non-renewable another way of presenting this resources this is calculated by information. The amount of each natural considering the most pressing limiting resource that can be used each year factor regarding its exploitation. Friend’s without damaging the environment or the of the Earth Scotland has calculated that environmental capacity of the earth is Scotland would have to reduce its oil calculated. For renewable resources this consumption by 80%. is the amount that can be replenished www.foe-scotland.org.uk Ecodebt – are we exploiting others? The responsibility of industrialized by resource extraction. In other words, countries for the destruction caused by the impoverished countries of the South their production and consumption are subsidizing the rich countries of the patterns is called the ‘ecological debt’. North! While during the colonial period Natural wealth extracted by the North the extraction of precious metals and at the expense
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