Carboniferous Petroleum Systems Beneath the Central North
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The Lithostratigraphy and Biostratigraphy of the Chalk Group (Upper Coniacian 1 to Upper Campanian) at Scratchell’S Bay and Alum Bay, Isle of Wight, UK
Manuscript Click here to view linked References The lithostratigraphy and biostratigraphy of the Chalk Group (Upper Coniacian 1 to Upper Campanian) at Scratchell’s Bay and Alum Bay, Isle of Wight, UK. 2 3 Peter Hopson1*, Andrew Farrant1, Ian Wilkinson1, Mark Woods1 , Sev Kender1 4 2 5 and Sofie Jehle , 6 7 1 British Geological Survey, Sir Kingsley Dunham Centre, Nottingham, NG12 8 5GG. 9 2 10 University of Tübingen, Sigwartstraße 10, 72074 Tübingen, Germany 11 12 * corresponding author [email protected] 13 14 Keywords: Cretaceous, Isle of Wight, Chalk, lithostratigraphy, biostratigraphy, 15 16 17 Abstract 18 19 The Scratchell‟s Bay and southern Alum Bay sections, in the extreme west of the Isle 20 21 of Wight on the Needles promontory, cover the stratigraphically highest Chalk Group 22 formations available in southern England. They are relatively inaccessible, other than 23 by boat, and despite being a virtually unbroken succession they have not received the 24 attention afforded to the Whitecliff GCR (Geological Conservation Review series) 25 site at the eastern extremity of the island. A detailed account of the lithostratigraphy 26 27 of the strata in Scratchell‟s Bay is presented and integrated with macro and micro 28 biostratigraphical results for each formation present. Comparisons are made with 29 earlier work to provide a comprehensive description of the Seaford Chalk, Newhaven 30 Chalk, Culver Chalk and Portsdown Chalk formations for the Needles promontory. 31 32 33 The strata described are correlated with those seen in the Culver Down Cliffs – 34 Whitecliff Bay at the eastern end of the island that form the Whitecliff GCR site. -
Wales Regional Geology RWM | Wales Regional Geology
Wales regional geology RWM | Wales Regional Geology Contents 1 Introduction Subregions Wales: summary of the regional geology Available information for this region 2 Rock type Younger sedimentary rocks Older sedimentary rocks 3 Basement rocks Rock structure 4 Groundwater 5 Resources 6 Natural processes Further information 7 - 21 Figures 22 - 24 Glossary Clicking on words in green, such as sedimentary or lava will take the reader to a brief non-technical explanation of that word in the Glossary section. By clicking on the highlighted word in the Glossary, the reader will be taken back to the page they were on. Clicking on words in blue, such as Higher Strength Rock or groundwater will take the reader to a brief talking head video or animation providing a non-technical explanation. For the purposes of this work the BGS only used data which was publicly available at the end of February 2016. The one exception to this was the extent of Oil and Gas Authority licensing which was updated to include data to the end of June 2018. 1 RWM | Wales Regional Geology Introduction This region comprises Wales and includes the adjacent inshore area which extends to 20km from the coast. Subregions To present the conclusions of our work in a concise and accessible way, we have divided Wales into 6 subregions (see Figure 1 below). We have selected subregions with broadly similar geological attributes relevant to the safety of a GDF, although there is still considerable variability in each subregion. The boundaries between subregions may locally coincide with the extent of a particular Rock Type of Interest, or may correspond to discrete features such as faults. -
Historical Development and Problems Within the Pennsylvanian Nomenclature of Ohio.1
Historical Development and Problems Within the Pennsylvanian Nomenclature of Ohio.1 GLENN E. LARSEN, OHIO Department of Natural Resources, Division of Geological Survey, Fountain Sq., Bldg. B, Columbus, OH 43224 ABSTRACT. An analysis of the historical development of the Pennsylvanian stratigraphic nomenclature, as used in Ohio, has helped define and clarify problems inherent in Ohio's stratigraphic nomenclature. Resolution of such problems facilitates further development of a useful stratigraphy and philosophy for mapping. Investigations of Pennsylvanian-age rocks in Ohio began as early as 1819- From 1858 to 1893, investigations by Newberry, I. C. White, and Orton established the stratigraphic framework upon which the present-day nomenclature is based. During the 1950s, the cyclothem concept was used to classify and correlate Pennsylvanian lithologic units. This classification led to a proliferation of stratigraphic terms, as almost every lithologic type was named and designated as a member of a cyclothem. By the early 1960s, cyclothems were considered invalid as a lithostratigraphic classification. Currently, Pennsylvanian nomenclature of Ohio, as used by the Ohio Division of Geological Survey, consists of four groups containing 123 named beds, with no formal formations or members. In accordance with the 1983 North American Stratigraphic code, the Ohio Division of Geological Survey considers all nomenclature below group rank as informal. OHIO J. SCI. 91 (1): 69-76, 1991 INTRODUCTION DISCUSSION Understanding the historical development of Pennsyl- The Early 1800s vanian stratigraphy in Ohio is important to the Ohio The earliest known references to Pennsylvanian-age Division of Geological Survey (OGS). Such an under- rocks in Ohio are found in Atwater's (1819) report on standing of Pennsylvanian stratigraphy helps define Belmont County, and an article by Granger (1821) on plant stratigraphic nomenclatural problems in order to make fossils collected near Zanesville, Muskingum County. -
The Coal Measures of the United States
THE COAL MEASURES OF THE UNITED STATES [PLATES X I and X II] BY PROF. C. H. HITCHCOCK, HANOVER, N. H. ''■ y^ H E observations made by American Geologists establish the fact oF a fourFold The obtaining oF exact information respecting the amount oF coal in any basin is at division oF the Carboniferous series, viz.: i. The lowest, sandstones and conglom- present impracticable. IF we know the area in square miles and the thickness oF the beds A- erates known as the Waverly sandstones oF Ohio, Marshall, Napoleon, and along a given section, the multiplication oF the area by the thickness should give the Michigan groups oF Michigan, Catskill oF New York, the Vespertine oF Pennsylvania, precise number oF cubic feet in the Field; but the beds vary so much that all such esti the Knobstone oF Kentucky, etc 2. Mississippi group, or Carboniferous or Mountain mates must be regarded only as approximate. The estimates that follow are those based limestone. This is supposed to be the equivalent oF the Umbral red shales oF Pennsylvania upon the best attainable inFormatioa and Virginia. 3. Millstone grit, or a series oF sandstones and conglomerates, the Serai oF ProF H. D. Rogers reports that the First Coal Field contains an average thickness oF Pennsylvania and Virginia, the Conglomerate oF Ohio, etc 4. The Coal Measures. It 100 feet oF coal, and that the second and third carry about 60 Feet; the general average oF is from this upper division that the chieF supply oF our coal is derived. In some regions all three coming to about 70 Feet. -
Stratigraphic Framework of Cambrian and Ordovician Rocks in The
Stratigraphic Framework of Cambrian and Ordovician Rocks in the Central Appalachian Basin from Medina County, Ohio, through Southwestern and South-Central Pennsylvania to Hampshire County, West Virginia U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY BULLETIN 1839-K Chapter K Stratigraphic Framework of Cambrian and Ordovician Rocks in the Central Appalachian Basin from Medina County, Ohio, through Southwestern and South-Central Pennsylvania to Hampshire County, West Virginia By ROBERT T. RYDER, ANITA G. HARRIS, and JOHN E. REPETSKI Stratigraphic framework of the Cambrian and Ordovician sequence in part of the central Appalachian basin and the structure of underlying block-faulted basement rocks U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY BULLETIN 1839 EVOLUTION OF SEDIMENTARY BASINS-APPALACHIAN BASIN U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR MANUEL LUJAN, Jr., Secretary U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Dallas L. Peck, Director Any use of trade, product, or firm names in this publication is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE: 1992 For sale by Book and Open-File Report Sales U.S. Geological Survey Federal Center, Box 25286 Denver, CO 80225 Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Ryder, Robert T. Stratigraphic framework of Cambrian and Ordovician rocks in the central Appalachian Basin from Medina County, Ohio, through southwestern and south-central Pennsylvania to Hampshire County, West Virginia / by Robert T. Ryder, Anita C. Harris, and John E. Repetski. p. cm. (Evolution of sedimentary basins Appalachian Basin ; ch. K) (U.S. Geological Survey bulletin ; 1839-K) Includes bibliographical references. Supt. of Docs, no.: I 19.3:1839-K 1. Geology, Stratigraphic Cambrian. -
Early Tetrapod Relationships Revisited
Biol. Rev. (2003), 78, pp. 251–345. f Cambridge Philosophical Society 251 DOI: 10.1017/S1464793102006103 Printed in the United Kingdom Early tetrapod relationships revisited MARCELLO RUTA1*, MICHAEL I. COATES1 and DONALD L. J. QUICKE2 1 The Department of Organismal Biology and Anatomy, The University of Chicago, 1027 East 57th Street, Chicago, IL 60637-1508, USA ([email protected]; [email protected]) 2 Department of Biology, Imperial College at Silwood Park, Ascot, Berkshire SL57PY, UK and Department of Entomology, The Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW75BD, UK ([email protected]) (Received 29 November 2001; revised 28 August 2002; accepted 2 September 2002) ABSTRACT In an attempt to investigate differences between the most widely discussed hypotheses of early tetrapod relation- ships, we assembled a new data matrix including 90 taxa coded for 319 cranial and postcranial characters. We have incorporated, where possible, original observations of numerous taxa spread throughout the major tetrapod clades. A stem-based (total-group) definition of Tetrapoda is preferred over apomorphy- and node-based (crown-group) definitions. This definition is operational, since it is based on a formal character analysis. A PAUP* search using a recently implemented version of the parsimony ratchet method yields 64 shortest trees. Differ- ences between these trees concern: (1) the internal relationships of aı¨stopods, the three selected species of which form a trichotomy; (2) the internal relationships of embolomeres, with Archeria -
Geologic Models and Evaluation of Undiscovered Conventional and Continuous Oil and Gas Resources— Upper Cretaceous Austin Chalk, U.S
Geologic Models and Evaluation of Undiscovered Conventional and Continuous Oil and Gas Resources— Upper Cretaceous Austin Chalk, U.S. Gulf Coast Scientific Investigations Report 2012–5159 U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological Survey Front Cover. Photos taken by Krystal Pearson, U.S. Geological Survey, near the old Sprinkle Road bridge on Little Walnut Creek, Travis County, Texas. Geologic Models and Evaluation of Undiscovered Conventional and Continuous Oil and Gas Resources—Upper Cretaceous Austin Chalk, U.S. Gulf Coast By Krystal Pearson Scientific Investigations Report 2012–5159 U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological Survey U.S. Department of the Interior KEN SALAZAR, Secretary U.S. Geological Survey Marcia K. McNutt, Director U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia: 2012 For more information on the USGS—the Federal source for science about the Earth, its natural and living resources, natural hazards, and the environment, visit http://www.usgs.gov or call 1–888–ASK–USGS. For an overview of USGS information products, including maps, imagery, and publications, visit http://www.usgs.gov/pubprod To order this and other USGS information products, visit http://store.usgs.gov Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Although this report is in the public domain, permission must be secured from the individual copyright owners to reproduce any copyrighted materials contained within this report. Suggested citation: Pearson, Krystal, 2012, Geologic models and evaluation of undiscovered conventional and continuous oil and gas resources—Upper Cretaceous Austin Chalk, U.S. -
Stratigraphical Framework for the Devonian (Old Red Sandstone) Rocks of Scotland South of a Line from Fort William to Aberdeen
Stratigraphical framework for the Devonian (Old Red Sandstone) rocks of Scotland south of a line from Fort William to Aberdeen Research Report RR/01/04 NAVIGATION HOW TO NAVIGATE THIS DOCUMENT ❑ The general pagination is designed for hard copy use and does not correspond to PDF thumbnail pagination. ❑ The main elements of the table of contents are bookmarked enabling direct links to be followed to the principal section headings and sub-headings, figures, plates and tables irrespective of which part of the document the user is viewing. ❑ In addition, the report contains links: ✤ from the principal section and sub-section headings back to the contents page, ✤ from each reference to a figure, plate or table directly to the corresponding figure, plate or table, ✤ from each figure, plate or table caption to the first place that figure, plate or table is mentioned in the text and ✤ from each page number back to the contents page. Return to contents page NATURAL ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH COUNCIL BRITISH GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Research Report RR/01/04 Stratigraphical framework for the Devonian (Old Red Sandstone) rocks of Scotland south of a line from Fort William to Aberdeen Michael A E Browne, Richard A Smith and Andrew M Aitken Contributors: Hugh F Barron, Steve Carroll and Mark T Dean Cover illustration Basal contact of the lowest lava flow of the Crawton Volcanic Formation overlying the Whitehouse Conglomerate Formation, Trollochy, Kincardineshire. BGS Photograph D2459. The National Grid and other Ordnance Survey data are used with the permission of the Controller of Her Majesty’s Stationery Office. Ordnance Survey licence number GD 272191/2002. -
1 Supplementary Materials and Methods 1 S1 Expanded
1 Supplementary Materials and Methods 2 S1 Expanded Geologic and Paleogeographic Information 3 The carbonate nodules from Montañez et al., (2007) utilized in this study were collected from well-developed and 4 drained paleosols from: 1) the Eastern Shelf of the Midland Basin (N.C. Texas), 2) Paradox Basin (S.E. Utah), 3) Pedregosa 5 Basin (S.C. New Mexico), 4) Anadarko Basin (S.C. Oklahoma), and 5) the Grand Canyon Embayment (N.C. Arizona) (Fig. 6 1a; Richey et al., (2020)). The plant cuticle fossils come from localities in: 1) N.C. Texas (Lower Pease River [LPR], Lake 7 Kemp Dam [LKD], Parkey’s Oil Patch [POP], and Mitchell Creek [MC]; all representing localities that also provided 8 carbonate nodules or plant organic matter [POM] for Montañez et al., (2007), 2) N.C. New Mexico (Kinney Brick Quarry 9 [KB]), 3) S.E. Kansas (Hamilton Quarry [HQ]), 4) S.E. Illinois (Lake Sara Limestone [LSL]), and 5) S.W. Indiana (sub- 10 Minshall [SM]) (Fig. 1a, S2–4; Richey et al., (2020)). These localities span a wide portion of the western equatorial portion 11 of Euramerica during the latest Pennsylvanian through middle Permian (Fig. 1b). 12 13 S2 Biostratigraphic Correlations and Age Model 14 N.C. Texas stratigraphy and the position of pedogenic carbonate samples from Montañez et al., (2007) and cuticle were 15 inferred from N.C. Texas conodont biostratigraphy and its relation to Permian global conodont biostratigraphy (Tabor and 16 Montañez, 2004; Wardlaw, 2005; Henderson, 2018). The specific correlations used are (C. Henderson, personal 17 communication, August 2019): (1) The Stockwether Limestone Member of the Pueblo Formation contains Idiognathodus 18 isolatus, indicating that the Carboniferous-Permian boundary (298.9 Ma) and base of the Asselian resides in the Stockwether 19 Limestone (Wardlaw, 2005). -
A Contribution to the Sheet Explanation of the Ipswich District (Sheet 207): Cretaceous
A contribution to the Sheet Explanation of the Ipswich district (Sheet 207): Cretaceous Integrated Geosurveys (Southern England) Programme Internal Report IR/05/007 BRITISH GEOLOGICAL SURVEY INTEGRATED GEOSURVEYS (SOUTHERN ENGLAND) PROGRAMME INTERNAL REPORT IR/05/007 A contribution to the Sheet Explanation of the Ipswich district (Sheet 207): Cretaceous M A Woods The National Grid and other Ordnance Survey data are used with the permission of the Controller of Her Majesty’s Stationery Office. Ordnance Survey licence number Licence No:100017897/2004. Keywords Cretaceous, Gault Formation, Chalk Group, Lithostratigraphy, Biostratigraphy, Chronostratigraphy. Bibliographical reference WOODS, M A. 2004. A contribution to the Sheet Eplanation of the Ipswich district (Sheet 207): Cretaceous. British Geological Survey Internal Report, IR/05/007. 10pp. Copyright in materials derived from the British Geological Survey’s work is owned by the Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) and/or the authority that commissioned the work. You may not copy or adapt this publication without first obtaining permission. Contact the BGS Intellectual Property Rights Section, British Geological Survey, Keyworth, e-mail [email protected] You may quote extracts of a reasonable length without prior permission, provided a full acknowledgement is given of the source of the extract. © NERC 2004. All rights reserved Keyworth, Nottingham British Geological Survey 2004 BRITISH GEOLOGICAL SURVEY The full range of Survey publications is available from the BGS British Geological Survey offices Sales Desks at Nottingham, Edinburgh and London; see contact details below or shop online at www.geologyshop.com Keyworth, Nottingham NG12 5GG The London Information Office also maintains a reference ? 0115-936 3241 Fax 0115-936 3488 collection of BGS publications including maps for consultation. -
A Silurian(?) Unconformity at Flanders Bay, Maine
Maine Geological Survey Studies in Maine Geology: Volume I 1988 A Silurian (?) Unconformity at Manders Bay, Maine Richard A. Gilman Gary G. Lash Department of Geosciences State University College at Fredonia (SUNY) Fredonia, New York 14063 ABSTRACT Reexamination of exposures of conglomerate and greenstone at the head of Flanders Bay has resulted in the recognition of an unconformity believed similar to that exposed on Spectacle Island on the east side of Frenchman Bay. It is proposed that the conglomerate is part of the Bar Harbor Formation of Siluro-Devonian age; the underlying greenstone is probably of Silurian age. The rocks above the unconformity consist of pebbly siltstone and polymict, matrix-supported conglomerate in which clasts are predominantly of felsic volcanic rocks and quartz. A depositional model is proposed in which gravels derived from a volcanic source terrane, and transported in a high energy tluvial system, were mixed with basin-margin muds to produce debris tlows. Chemical analyses of the underlying greenstone show it to be andesitic, but to have substantial differences in composition from Silurian and Lower Devonian basalts and basaltic andesites from the Machias-Eastport area. INTRODUCTION In his study of the stratigraphy of the Bar Harbor Formation 68° 15' 68° 00' in the Frenchman Bay area, Maine, Metzger (1979) briefly men 44° 30·~-~-~-~~-----------~ 2) tions exposures of pebble conglomerates that contain clasts of volcanic rocks and quartz at several isolated outcrops at the head of Flanders Bay, in the vicinity of Jones Cove (Fig. l). The ~N conglomerates are associated with a weakly foliated greenstone. He concluded that the conglomerates are intraformational with \ones Cove in a sequence of greenstones rather than belonging to the con Frenchman Bay glomerates of the Bar Harbor Formation that he describes from Spectacle, Turtle, Flat and Heron Islands on the east side of \) SCHOODIC Frenchman Bay (see also Gates, in press). -
1 Correlation of the Base of the Serpukhovian Stage
Correlation of the base of the Serpukhovian Stage (Carboniferous; Mississippian) in northwest Europe GEORGE D. SEVASTOPULO* & MILO BARHAM✝ *Department of Geology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland ✝Milo Barham, Department of Applied Geology, Curtin University of Technology, GPO Box U1987, Perth, WA 6845, Australia Author for correspondence: [email protected] Running head: Correlation base Serpukhovian northwest Europe Abstract - The Task Group charged with proposing the GSSP for the base of the Serpukhovian Stage (Mississippian: Lower Carboniferous) is likely to use the global First Appearance Datum (FAD: evolutionary first appearance) of the conodont Lochriea ziegleri in the lineage Lochriea nodosa-L. ziegleri for the definition and correlation of the base of the stage. It is important to establish that the FOD (First Occurrence Datum) of L. ziegleri in different basins is essentially penecontemporaneous. Ammonoids provide high-resolution biostratigraphy in the late Mississippian but their use for international correlation is limited by provincialism. However, it is possible to assess the levels of diachronism of the FOD of L. ziegleri in sections in northwest Europe using ammonoid zones. Published compilations of conodont distribution in the Rhenish Slate Mountains of Germany show the FOD of L. ziegleri in the Emstites novalis Biozone (upper part of the P2c zone of the British/Irish ammonoid biozonation) but L. ziegleri has also been reported as occurring in the Neoglyphioceras spirale Biozone (P1d zone). In the Yoredale Group of northern England, the FOD of L. ziegleri is in either the P1c or P1d zone. In NW Ireland, the oldest records of both L. nodosa and L. ziegleri are from the Lusitanoceras granosum Biozone (P2a).