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The Molecular Universe IAU Symposium Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union IAU Symposium No. 280 IAU Symposium 30 May-3 June 2011 Astrochemistry, the study of molecules and their chemistry in astrophysical objects throughout the Universe, is experiencing a true Toledo, Spain golden age. Astronomical observations of molecules are crucial 280 in contributing to our understanding of the physical conditions in many different astrophysical environments, from the Solar System and The Molecular extrasolar planets to stars, interstellar clouds and galaxies. Concurrently, 30 May - 3 June 280 30 May - 3 June 2011 The Molecular laboratory experiments and theoretical studies can provide basic 2011 information about the often exotic chemical processes taking place Toledo, Spain in the Universe. IAU Symposium 280 contains outstanding reviews Toledo, Spain Universe Universe on the advances in observational, laboratory, theoretical and modelling studies, carried out by leading scientists worldwide. This volume provides researchers and graduate students with an indispensable account of the current state of astrochemistry, its recent successes and the immense possibilities of this fascinating field for future growth. Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union Editor in Chief: Prof. Thierry Montmerle This series contains the proceedings of major scientific meetings held by the International Astronomical Union. Each volume contains a series of articles on a topic of current interest in astronomy, giving a timely overview of research in the field. With contributions by leading scientists, The Molecular these books are at a level suitable for research astronomers and graduate students. Universe Edited by Cernicharo José Cernicharo Bachiller Rafael Bachiller ISSN 1743-9213 International Astronomical Union International Astronomical Union Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union Cambridge Journals Online For further information about this journal please go to the journal website at: journals.cambridge.org/iau Downloaded from https://www.cambridge.org/core. IP address: 170.106.33.14, on 29 Sep 2021 at 02:23:04, subject to the Cambridge Core terms of use, available at https://www.cambridge.org/core/terms. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1743921311024720 THE MOLECULAR UNIVERSE IAU SYMPOSIUM No. 280 COVER ILLUSTRATION: The far infrared spectrum of the Orion Nebula, observed by the Herschel Space Observatory, superimposed on an image obtained by the Spitzer telescope. The Orion Nebula is known to be one of the most prolific chemical factories in space, although the full extent of its chemistry and the pathways for molecule formation are not well understood. This extremely rich spectrum, obtained with the HIFI spectrometer in January 2010, covers the range 1.059 to 1.115 THz. Among the molecules that can be identified in this spectrum (marked on the cor- responding lines) are water, carbon monoxide, formaldehyde, methanol, dimethyl ether, hydrogen cyanide, sulphur oxide, sulphur dioxide and their isotope ana- logues. It is expected that many new organic molecules will also be identified. Identification of the many spectral features visible in the Orion spectrum with transitions of particular molecular species requires sophisticated molecular spec- troscopy databases, which collect the results from many years of theoretical and laboratory spectroscopy work. HERSCHEL is an ESA space observatory with science instruments provided by European-led Principal Investigator consortia, with important participation from NASA. The high resolution spectrometer HIFI was designed and built by a nationally-funded consortium led by SRON Netherlands Institute for Space Re- search. The consortium includes institutes from France, Germany, USA, Canada, Ireland, Italy, Poland, Russia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, and Taiwan. Credit of the image: ESA, NASA, Spitzer, HIFI consortium, E. Bergin and the HEXOS team. Downloaded from https://www.cambridge.org/core. IP address: 170.106.33.14, on 29 Sep 2021 at 02:23:04, subject to the Cambridge Core terms of use, available at https://www.cambridge.org/core/terms. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1743921311024720 IAU SYMPOSIUM PROCEEDINGS SERIES 2011 EDITORIAL BOARD Chairman THIERRY MONTMERLE, IAU Assistant General Secretary Institut d’Astrophysique de Paris, 98bis, Bd Arago, 75014 Paris, France [email protected] Advisers IAN F. CORBETT, IAU General Secretary, European Southern Observatory, Germany UTA GROTHKOPF, European Southern Observatory, Germany CHRISTIANN STERKEN, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium Proceedings Editors IAUS 278 Archaeoastronomy and Ethnoastronomy: Building Bridges Between Cultures C. L. N. RUGGLES, University of Leicester, School of Archaeology and Ancient History, University Rd, Leicester LE1 7RH, United Kingdom IAUS 279 Death of Massive Stars: Supernovae and Gamma-Ray Bursts [postponed to 2012] P. ROMING, Southwest Research Institute, Space Science & Engineering Division, P.O. Drawer 28510, San Antonio, TX 78228-0510, USA IAUS 280 The Molecular Universe J. CERNICHARO, Depto. de Astrof´ısica, Centro de Astrobiolog´ıa, Crta. Torrej´on Km 4, 28850 Torrej´on de Ardoz, Madrid, Spain IAUS 281 Binary Paths to the Explosions of type Ia Supernovae R. DI STEFANO, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA IAUS 282 From Interacting Binaries to Exoplanets: Essential Modeling Tools M. RICHARDS, Pennsylvania State University, Dept. of Astronomy & Astrophysics, 525 Davey Lab, University Park, PA 16802, USA IAUS 283 Planetary Nebulae: an Eye to the Future A. MANCHADO, Instituto de Astrof´ısica de Canarias, Calle V´ıa L´actea s/n, 38200 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain IAUS 284 The Spectral Energy Distribution of Galaxies (SED2011) R. J. TUFFS, MPI f¨ur Kernphysik, Astrophysics Dept, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany IAUS 285 New Horizons in Time Domain Astronomy E. GRIFFIN, NRC Herzberg Institute of Astrophysics, 5071 W Saanich Rd, Victoria, BC, V9E 2E7, Canada IAUS 286 Comparative Magnetic Minima: Characterizing Quiet Times in the Sun and Stars C. MANDRINI, Instituto de Astronom´ıa y F´ısica del Espacio, CC. 67 Suc. 28, 1428 Buenos Aires, Argentina Downloaded from https://www.cambridge.org/core. IP address: 170.106.33.14, on 29 Sep 2021 at 02:23:04, subject to the Cambridge Core terms of use, available at https://www.cambridge.org/core/terms. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1743921311024720 INTERNATIONAL ASTRONOMICAL UNION UNION ASTRONOMIQUE INTERNATIONALE International Astronomical Union U U THE MOLECULAR UNIVERSE PROCEEDINGS OF THE 280th SYMPOSIUM OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASTRONOMICAL UNION HELD IN TOLEDO, SPAIN MAY 30 - JUNE 3, 2011 Edited by JOSE´ CERNICHARO Centro de Astrobiolog´ıa, INTA-CSIC, Torrej´on de Ardoz, Madrid, SPAIN and RAFAEL BACHILLER Observatorio Astron´omico Nacional, IGN, Madrid, SPAIN Downloaded from https://www.cambridge.org/core. IP address: 170.106.33.14, on 29 Sep 2021 at 02:23:04, subject to the Cambridge Core terms of use, available at https://www.cambridge.org/core/terms. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1743921311024720 cambridge university press The Edinburgh Building, Cambridge CB2 2RU, UnitedKingdom 40 West 20th Street, New York, NY 10011–4211, USA 10 Stamford Road, Oakleigh, Melbourne 3166, Australia c International Astronomical Union 2011 This book is in copyright. Subject to statutory exception and to the provisions of relevant collective licensing agreements, no reproduction of any part may take place without the written permission of the International Astronomical Union. First published 2011 Printed in the United Kingdom at the University Press, Cambridge Typeset in System LATEX2ε A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Library of Congress Cataloguing in Publication data This journal issue has been printed on FSC-certified paper and cover board. FSC is an independent, non-governmental, not-for-profit organization established to promote the responsible management of the worlds forests. Please see www.fsc.org for information. ISBN 9781107019805 hardback ISSN 1743-9213 Downloaded from https://www.cambridge.org/core. IP address: 170.106.33.14, on 29 Sep 2021 at 02:23:04, subject to the Cambridge Core terms of use, available at https://www.cambridge.org/core/terms. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1743921311024720 v TableofContents Preface............................................................ viii Organizing committee . ............................................. x Conference photograph . ............................................. xi Conference participants . ............................................. xix Address by the Scientific Organizing Committee .......................... xxiv Introduction In Memoriam: G. Winnewisser . ........................................ 1 E. Herbst, P. Encrenaz, R. Bachiller TheMolecularUniverse............................................... 3 A.G.G.M. Tielens Section A. Star Formation Observational Studies of Pre-stellar Cores and Infrared Dark Clouds. ......... 19 P. Caselli Hydrodynamical-Chemical Models from Prestellar Cores to Protostellar Cores. 33 Y. Aikawa, K. Furuya, V. Wakelam, F. Hersant, T. Matsumoto, K. Saigo, K. Tomida, K. Tomisaka. R. Garrod, E. Herbst Observations of Complex Molecules in Low-Mass Protostars. ............. 43 N. Sakai, S. Yamamoto Interferometric Studies of Low-Mass Protostars ........................... 53 J. K. Jørgensen IcesinStarlessandStar-FormingCores.................................. 65 K.
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