Le Culte Du Phallus Chez Les Anciens Et Les Modernes

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Le Culte Du Phallus Chez Les Anciens Et Les Modernes LA VOCATION DE L’ARBRE D’OR est de partager ses admirations avec les lecteurs, son admiration pour les grands textes nourrissants du passé et celle aussi pour l’œuvre de contem- porains majeurs qui seront probablement davantage appréciés demain qu’aujourd’hui. Trop d’ouvrages essentiels à la culture de l’âme ou de l’identité de cha- cun sont aujourd’hui indisponibles dans un marché du livre transformé en industrie lourde. Et quand par chance ils sont disponibles, c’est finan- cièrement que trop souvent ils deviennent inaccessibles. La belle littérature, les outils de développement personnel, d’identité et de progrès, on les trouvera donc au catalogue de l’Arbre d’Or à des prix résolument bas pour la qualité offerte. LES DROITS DES AUTEURS Cet e-book est sous la protection de la loi fédérale suisse sur le droit d’auteur et les droits voisins (art. 2, al. 2 tit. a, LDA). Il est également pro- tégé par les traités internationaux sur la propriété industrielle. Comme un livre papier, le présent fichier et son image de couverture sont sous copyright, vous ne devez en aucune façon les modifier, les utiliser ou les diffuser sans l’accord des ayant-droits. Obtenir ce fichier autrement que suite à un téléchargement après paiement sur le site est un délit. Trans- mettre ce fichier encodé sur un autre ordinateur que celui avec lequel il a été payé et téléchargé peut occasionner des dommages informatiques suscepti- bles d’engager votre responsabilité civile. Ne diffusez pas votre copie mais, au contraire, quand un titre vous a plu, encouragez-en l’achat. Vous contribuerez à ce que les auteurs vous réservent à l’avenir le meilleur de leur production, parce qu’ils auront confiance en vous. Jacques Antoine Dulaure LE CULTE DU PHALLUS CHEZ LES ANCIENS ET LES MODERNES Des cultes du DIEU DE LAMPSAQUE, de PAN, de VÉNUS, etc. ; origine, motifs, conformités, variétés, progrès, altérations et abus de ces cultes chez différents peuples de la terre ; de leur continuation chez les Indiens et les Chrétiens d’Europe ; des mœurs des nations et des temps où ces cultes ont existé. © Arbre d’Or, Genève, avril 2007 http://www.arbredor.com Tous droits réservés pour tous pays Ce sont les besoins des hommes qui ont créé les vertus des dieux NOTICE Écrit au moment où la religion se rétablissait, où se répandait l’influence du Génie du Christianisme, l’ouvrage de Dulaure sur les Divinités génératrices et le Culte du Phallus, sans être un manifeste anti-chrétien, remettait le christianisme à sa place parmi les diverses religions qui se partagent le monde. C’était une œuvre de science, fort curieuse aussi, et non dénuée d’une certaine portée phi- losophique. Fidèle au système de Dupuis (Origine de tous les cultes), Dulaure rattache les cultes phalliques au prétendu culte primitif du Soleil. C’est la seule erreur contre laquelle il soit nécessaire de prévenir le lecteur. Les hommes n’avaient pas besoin d’un si grand effort mythologique pour prendre garde à l’importance de la géné- ration et des organes par quoi elle s’opère. Presque en même temps que cet ouvrage, Dulaure en avait publié un autre sous ce titre : Des Cultes qui ont précédé l’idolâtrie et amené l’adoration de la figure humaine. Réunis, les deux traités devinrent plus tard : Histoire abrégée de tous les cultes, titre factice, destiné tromper la censure devenue assez farouche en 182. « Il exprimait dans ce travail, dit un biographe naïf, et fallacieux aussi, les doctri- nes déistes de son maître J.-J. Rousseau. » Dulaure n’a aucun souci de ce genre ; c’est un érudit, qui a la passion de collectionner des textes, et l’adresse de les agencer selon un plan logique. Son érudition, il l’avait d’abord exercée sur l’histoire et sur l’archéologie. Il y revient après cet essai sur les cultes phalliques et rédigea en beaucoup de volumes un ouvrage qui se consulte toujours : l’Histoire physique, civile et morale de Paris (1821-1822). De son métier primitif, il était archiviste ; il devint successivement architecte, puis ingénieur, puis encore journaliste et homme politique. Il essaya dans une gazette, les Évangiles du jour (1790) de lutter contre les spirituels Actes des Apôtres ; il publia des pamphlets, d’autres gazettes, fut nommé membre de la Convention, vota la mort du roi, défendit Madame Rolland, fut proscrit avec les Girondins, fut rappelé en France, s’associa à la politique de thermidor, fit partie des Cinq Cents, osa résister à Bonaparte dans la séance du 18 brumaire. Rentré dans la vie privée, il continua ses travaux, fit paraître les ouvrages que NOTICE nous avons signalés, beaucoup d’autres, et mourut généralement estimé le l9 août 183. Il était né à Clermont-Ferrand en 17. Laborieux et actif, Dulaure est un bon représentant de ces esprits moyens qui, tout en subissant des influences diverses, gardent une certaine continuité de vue et même une certaine originalité. En réimprimant les Divinités génératrices, on n’a rien changé au texte de Du- laure. Il fallait cependant mettre l’ouvrage au courant de la science. M. A. van Gennep, que recommandaient d’importants travaux d’ethnographie, a bien vou- lu se charger de ce soin. Il a rédigé un « Chapitre complémentaire » où, partant de quelques faits nouvellement connus, il rectifie les théories anciennes et expose les nouvelles interprétations maintenant admises. De nombreuses références bi- bliographiques achèvent de mettre au point un livre que l’on pourrait refaire, sans doute, mais qui, en attendant, reste unique en son genre. Les Éditeurs, 1905 PRÉFACE L’ouvrage que je publie manquait à notre littérature. Les mythologues, les scrutateurs de l’antiquité y trouveront quelques aperçus nouveaux, des expli- cations sur l’origine, jusqu’à présent inconnue, de plusieurs divinités, quelques découvertes, et surtout le rapprochement d’un grand nombre de traits épars dans une immensité de livres peu communs, de notions inédites, puisées dans des manuscrits, ou fournies par des amateurs, dont l’ensemble offrira une face nouvelle de l’histoire. Je ne me borne point à l’historique du culte du Phallus, à débrouiller le chaos de son origine, à suivre ses ramifications, ses différences, ses rapports dans cha- que pays ; j’y joins le tableau des opinions, des mœurs, des institutions corres- pondantes qui dirigeaient les différentes nations où ce culte est en vigueur. On verra qu’entre elles et lui il existe une harmonie parfaite. Je traite aussi de toutes les divinités créées par le même motif, adorées dans la même intention. J’établis leur source commune, leur filiation, leurs altérations diverses. « Ce qui regarde les mœurs et les coutumes des peuples, dit Rollin, en fait connaître le génie et le caractère ; c’est ce qu’on peut appeler l’âme de l’Histoire. » Ce sentiment n’a pas été généralement adopté par les historiens ; plusieurs ont négligé de peindre les mœurs, et se sont plus particulièrement attachés aux évé- nements politiques. Je ne dirai cependant pas qu’ils ont écrit des histoires sans âme ; mais, en les privant de ce qui pouvait en accroître l’agrément et l’instruc- tion, ils les ont appauvries, et ont diminué les fruits qu’elles devaient produire. Une histoire où les mœurs, les institutions, les habitudes, les opinions des peuples ne se trouvent point décrites, devient monotone, fatigue à la longue, et repousse le lecteur. C’est toujours la même scène, où toujours les mêmes passions, les mêmes vices, les mêmes vertus, les mêmes ressorts sont en jeu. On y voit constamment figurer au premier rang l’ambition, l’avidité du pouvoir et des richesses ; la faiblesse s’associant à la ruse pour résister à la force ; les mêmes ressources employées avec plus on moins de génie, plus ou moins de bonheur. On y trouve encore en abondance des nomenclatures arides qui échappent à la mémoire ou la surchargent ; alors, les faits se confondent, l’attention se relâche, l’esprit n’est plus intéressé, et le fil qui nous guidait dans ce labyrinthe d’événe- ments politiques étant rompu, on ne peut plus en suivre la marche. 7 PRÉFacE De ces histoires purement politiques, aucunes lumières ne jaillissent sur les temps antérieurs, sur l’origine des nations, sur celles des opinions établies, sur leurs causes, sur les progrès de l’esprit humain, et sur le développement successif des facultés intellectuelles. L’histoire des mœurs, jointe à celle des événements politiques, en découvre souvent les causes, explique les motifs des diverses déterminations, parle à l’es- prit et au cœur, plaît et instruit à la fois. Voilà pourquoi la lecture des œuvres de Plutarque est si attachante. L’histoire des mœurs, des institutions, des usages, lorsqu’elle est détachée des événements politiques, présente l’espèce humaine sous un jour nouveau, ouvre un vaste champ aux réflexions, agrandit la carrière des conjectures, et prépare des découvertes dans l’océan du passé. Elle ne se rapporte plus à un seul peuple, à un seul pays ; elle ne se borne pas à des traits particuliers ; elle s’étend sur la généra- lité des nations de la terre ; elle embrasse tous les rapports qui les unissent, qui les divisent ; elle classe les différentes familles primitives qui, en se séparant, ont formé les différents peuples ; elle indique les sources d’où chacun d’eux est dé- coulé, ainsi que les altérations qu’a fait subir à leur caractère antique l’influence des climats, du sol, des événements et des lois. La comparaison des usages, des cultes, des idiomes, des costumes mêmes, celle des moyens de transmettre le langage ou de l’écrire ; celle des cérémonies supers- titieuses observées lors des naissances, des mariages et des morts ; des pratiques propres à détourner les accidents fâcheux, les calamités, les maladies, à amener l’abondance et la prospérité, à implorer la divinité et à se la rendre favorable ; ces comparaisons, dis-je, peuvent procurer, sur l’origine des différents peuples, des connaissances plus certaines que celles qu’on peut retirer de la plupart de nos traditions historiques.
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