Google's Worldwidewatch Over the Worldwideweb
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Eliciting Informative Feedback: the Peer$Prediction Method
Eliciting Informative Feedback: The Peer-Prediction Method Nolan Miller, Paul Resnick, and Richard Zeckhauser January 26, 2005y Abstract Many recommendation and decision processes depend on eliciting evaluations of opportu- nities, products, and vendors. A scoring system is devised that induces honest reporting of feedback. Each rater merely reports a signal, and the system applies proper scoring rules to the implied posterior beliefs about another rater’s report. Honest reporting proves to be a Nash Equilibrium. The scoring schemes can be scaled to induce appropriate e¤ort by raters and can be extended to handle sequential interaction and continuous signals. We also address a number of practical implementation issues that arise in settings such as academic reviewing and on-line recommender and reputation systems. 1 Introduction Decision makers frequently draw on the experiences of multiple other individuals when making decisions. The process of eliciting others’information is sometimes informal, as when an executive consults underlings about a new business opportunity. In other contexts, the process is institution- alized, as when journal editors secure independent reviews of papers, or an admissions committee has multiple faculty readers for each …le. The internet has greatly enhanced the role of institu- tionalized feedback methods, since it can gather and disseminate information from vast numbers of individuals at minimal cost. To name just a few examples, eBay invites buyers and sellers to rate Miller and Zeckhauser, Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University; Resnick, School of Information, University of Michigan. yWe thank Alberto Abadie, Chris Avery, Miriam Avins, Chris Dellarocas, Je¤ Ely, John Pratt, Bill Sandholm, Lones Smith, Ennio Stachetti, Steve Tadelis, Hal Varian, two referees and two editors for helpful comments. -
The Origins of the Underline As Visual Representation of the Hyperlink on the Web: a Case Study in Skeuomorphism
The Origins of the Underline as Visual Representation of the Hyperlink on the Web: A Case Study in Skeuomorphism The Harvard community has made this article openly available. Please share how this access benefits you. Your story matters Citation Romano, John J. 2016. The Origins of the Underline as Visual Representation of the Hyperlink on the Web: A Case Study in Skeuomorphism. Master's thesis, Harvard Extension School. Citable link http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:33797379 Terms of Use This article was downloaded from Harvard University’s DASH repository, and is made available under the terms and conditions applicable to Other Posted Material, as set forth at http:// nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:dash.current.terms-of- use#LAA The Origins of the Underline as Visual Representation of the Hyperlink on the Web: A Case Study in Skeuomorphism John J Romano A Thesis in the Field of Visual Arts for the Degree of Master of Liberal Arts in Extension Studies Harvard University November 2016 Abstract This thesis investigates the process by which the underline came to be used as the default signifier of hyperlinks on the World Wide Web. Created in 1990 by Tim Berners- Lee, the web quickly became the most used hypertext system in the world, and most browsers default to indicating hyperlinks with an underline. To answer the question of why the underline was chosen over competing demarcation techniques, the thesis applies the methods of history of technology and sociology of technology. Before the invention of the web, the underline–also known as the vinculum–was used in many contexts in writing systems; collecting entities together to form a whole and ascribing additional meaning to the content. -
Digital Economy Compass
Digital Economy Compass Mai 2017 “At least 40% of all businesses will die in the next 10 years… if they don’t figure out how to change their entire company to accommodate new technologies.” John Chambers, Chairman of Cisco System 2 Welcome to the Digital Economy Compass Less talking, more facts – our idea behind creating the Digital Economy Compass. It contains facts, trends and key players, covering the entire digital economy. We provide… › key essentials from our research, › actionable insights, › Statista’s exclusive forecasts. This very first edition will provide everything you need to know about the digital economy. Your Digital Market Outlook Team 3 Table of Contents Global Trends › Connectivity: Numbers behind the “always on” trend…………………………... 5 › Social Media: Love it, hate it, but accept that you need it…………………... 20 › Platform Economics: A story about White Sharks and Swordfish……… 30 › Venture Capital: Feed for new Tech-Unicorns…………………………………...... 83 › AI, AR and VR: The next big Technology Hype………………………………………. 91 Statista’s Digital Market Outlook › e-Commerce……………………... 106 › FinTech…………………………………. 148 › eServices……………………………. 117 › Digital Advertising…………….... 160 › eTravel ………………………………. 129 › Smart Home……………………...... 171 › Digital Media……………………...138 › Connected Car…………………….. 181 4 Connectivity 2,570,792 e-mails per second The global number of e-mails sent per second resulted in around 81 trillion e-mails sent during 2016. Source: internetlivestats.com Connectivity The world is more connected than ever, a development which -
Understanding the Value of Arts & Culture | the AHRC Cultural Value
Understanding the value of arts & culture The AHRC Cultural Value Project Geoffrey Crossick & Patrycja Kaszynska 2 Understanding the value of arts & culture The AHRC Cultural Value Project Geoffrey Crossick & Patrycja Kaszynska THE AHRC CULTURAL VALUE PROJECT CONTENTS Foreword 3 4. The engaged citizen: civic agency 58 & civic engagement Executive summary 6 Preconditions for political engagement 59 Civic space and civic engagement: three case studies 61 Part 1 Introduction Creative challenge: cultural industries, digging 63 and climate change 1. Rethinking the terms of the cultural 12 Culture, conflict and post-conflict: 66 value debate a double-edged sword? The Cultural Value Project 12 Culture and art: a brief intellectual history 14 5. Communities, Regeneration and Space 71 Cultural policy and the many lives of cultural value 16 Place, identity and public art 71 Beyond dichotomies: the view from 19 Urban regeneration 74 Cultural Value Project awards Creative places, creative quarters 77 Prioritising experience and methodological diversity 21 Community arts 81 Coda: arts, culture and rural communities 83 2. Cross-cutting themes 25 Modes of cultural engagement 25 6. Economy: impact, innovation and ecology 86 Arts and culture in an unequal society 29 The economic benefits of what? 87 Digital transformations 34 Ways of counting 89 Wellbeing and capabilities 37 Agglomeration and attractiveness 91 The innovation economy 92 Part 2 Components of Cultural Value Ecologies of culture 95 3. The reflective individual 42 7. Health, ageing and wellbeing 100 Cultural engagement and the self 43 Therapeutic, clinical and environmental 101 Case study: arts, culture and the criminal 47 interventions justice system Community-based arts and health 104 Cultural engagement and the other 49 Longer-term health benefits and subjective 106 Case study: professional and informal carers 51 wellbeing Culture and international influence 54 Ageing and dementia 108 Two cultures? 110 8. -
The Role of Business in Disaster Response a Business Civic Leadership Report BCLC Is an Affilliate of the U.S
The Role of Business in Disaster Response A Business Civic Leadership Report BCLC is an affilliate of the U.S. Chamber of Commerce. The Role of Business in Disaster Response Introduction Information Technology S 2 Business Civic Leadership Center 30 Cisco Corporate Expertise in Disasters Using Expert Networking Knowledge to Assist T Communities in Crisis Resilience 32 IBM Preparedness Beyond Search & Rescue: Improving Disaster Zone’s Long-Term Prospects 6 Office Depot Talking About Preparedness: EN 34 Google Leave No Stone Unturned Google’s Crisis Response Initiative 8 Citi T 36 Microsoft Natural Disaster Financial Management: Increasing Information and Technology Capacity It’s All About Precrisis Preparation in Times of Disaster 10 Shell A Strategic Approach to Response and Recovery Insurance 40 Allstate A Promise to Our Communities Is Our Business Public-Private Partnership CON 14 Maryland Emergency Management Agency Infrastructure F Maryland Businesses Get Their Stake in 44 Degenkolb Engineers Emergency Response Degenkolb’s 70-Year Tradition of Earthquake Chasing Lessons Learned 16 Walmart Public-Private Collaboration: Six Years 46 Proteus On-Demand After Hurricane Katrina Learn From the Past, Be Involved in the Future E O 48 Project Jomo Storm of Ideas Logistics L 20 UPS We Love the Logistics of Disaster Response Debris Removal 22 FedEx 52 Caterpillar Logistics Support During Disasters: Changing Lives Through Sustainable Progress Another Day at the Office 54 Ceres Environmental TAB Helping Jefferson County Recover Food 26 Cargill An Unprecedented Crisis in the Horn of Africa Prompts an Extraordinary Response From Cargill bclc.uschamber.com 2012 • 1 INTRODUCTION Corporate Expertise in Disasters By Stephen Jordan and Gerald McSwiggan, U.S. -
Free Views Tiktok
Free Views Tiktok Free Views Tiktok CLICK HERE TO ACCESS TIKTOK GENERATOR tiktok auto liker hack In July 2021, "The Wall Street Journal" reported the company's annual revenue to be approximately $800 million with a loss of $70 million. By May 2021, it was reported that the video-sharing app generated $5.2 billion in revenue with more than 500 million users worldwide.", free vending machine code tiktok free pro tiktok likes and followers free tiktok fans without downloading any apps The primary difference between Tencent’s WeChat and ByteDance’s Toutiao is that the former has yet to capitalize on the addictive nature of short-form videos, whereas the latter has. TikTok — the latter’s new acquisition — is a comparatively more simple app than its parent company, but it does fit in well with Tencent’s previous acquisition of Meitu, which is perhaps better known for its beauty apps.", In an article published by The New York Times, it was claimed that "An app with more than 500 million users can’t seem to catch a break. From pornography to privacy concerns, there have been quite few controversies surrounding TikTok." It continued by saying that "A recent class-action lawsuit alleged that the app poses health and privacy risks to users because of its allegedly discriminatory algorithm, which restricts some content and promotes other content." This article was published on The New York Times.", The app has received criticism from users for not creating revenue and posting ads on videos which some see as annoying. The app has also been criticized for allowing children younger than age 13 to create videos. -
Investment Company Report
Investment Company Report Meeting Date Range: 01-Jul-2018 - 30-Jun-2019 Report Date: 01-Jul-2019 Page 1 of 102 Bridges Investment ALLERGAN PLC Security: G0177J108 Agenda Number: 934955696 Ticker: AGN Meeting Type: Annual ISIN: IE00BY9D5467 Meeting Date: 01-May-19 Prop. # Proposal Proposed Proposal Vote For/Against by Management's Recommendation 1a. Election of Director: Nesli Basgoz, M.D. Mgmt For For 1b. Election of Director: Joseph H. Boccuzi Mgmt For For 1c. Election of Director: Christopher W. Bodine Mgmt For For 1d. Election of Director: Adriane M. Brown Mgmt For For 1e. Election of Director: Christopher J. Coughlin Mgmt For For 1f. Election of Director: Carol Anthony (John) Mgmt For For Davidson 1g. Election of Director: Thomas C. Freyman Mgmt For For 1h. Election of Director: Michael E. Greenberg, Mgmt For For PhD 1i. Election of Director: Robert J. Hugin Mgmt For For 1j. Election of Director: Peter J. McDonnell, M.D. Mgmt For For Investment Company Report Meeting Date Range: 01-Jul-2018 - 30-Jun-2019 Report Date: 01-Jul-2019 Page 2 of 102 Prop. # Proposal Proposed Proposal Vote For/Against by Management's Recommendation 1k. Election of Director: Brenton L. Saunders Mgmt For For 2. To approve, in a non-binding vote, Named Mgmt For For Executive Officer compensation. 3. To ratify, in a non-binding vote, the Mgmt For For appointment of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP as the Company's independent auditor for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2019 and to authorize, in a binding vote, the Board of Directors, acting through its Audit and Compliance Committee, to determine PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP's remuneration. -
The Common Alerting Protocol (CAP) and the Challenge of Public Warning Date: 15/05/2017 to 21/05/2017 Summary
Expert: Eliot Christian Title of the Session: The Common Alerting Protocol (CAP) and the Challenge of Public Warning Date: 15/05/2017 to 21/05/2017 Summary Societies around the world are engaged in a profound revolution in emergency alerting. Enabled by uptake of the international standard Common Alerting Protocol, all manner of communications networks can now be leveraged to get alerts to everyone who needs them, wherever they are and whatever they are doing. With these new capabilities, it is clear that many lives can be saved and livelihoods protected as emergency alerting becomes more available, more precise, more reliable, completely secure, and as fast as it can be. Context Getting Public Warnings to People Online To help disseminate public warnings, alerting authorities have long relied on commercial media, such as newswires, broadcast radio and television. Television stations insert "crawl text" with the warning message; radio stations insert a recording. This public-private collaboration has required huge investments in specialized technology. Now people are using cell phones and online media more and more. Do societies worldwide need a new round of huge investments in specialized technology to get warnings to all these people online? Actually, huge new investments are not needed. Online media and alerting authorities already developed ways to get warnings to cell phones and people online, at minimal cost. The Hazard App developed by the Red Cross Global Disaster Preparedness Center (GDPC) is one example. As part of the Universal App Program, GDPC partners with Red Cross and Red Crescent national societies to develop First Aid and Hazard alerting apps. -
Reasons, Rewards, Regrets: Privacy Considerations in Location Sharing As an Interactive Practice
Reasons, Rewards, Regrets: Privacy Considerations in Location Sharing as an Interactive Practice Sameer Patil, Greg Norcie, Apu Kapadia Adam J. Lee School of Informatics and Computing Department of Computer Science Indiana University University of Pittsburgh 901 E 10th St 210 S Bouquet St Bloomington, IN 47408 USA Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA {patil, gnorcie, kapadia}@indiana.edu [email protected] ABSTRACT systems focused on enabling collaborators to locate each Rapid growth in the usage of location-aware mobile phones other (e.g., [25, 36]). Such systems typically required orga- has enabled mainstream adoption of location-sharing ser- nizations to install their own location-mapping infrastruc- vices (LSS). Integration with social-networking services ture, either developed in-house by the organization or pur- (SNS) has further accelerated this trend. To uncover how chased from companies such as Ubisense, which offers a 3D localization infrastructure. To scale globally without such these developments have shaped the evolution of LSS usage, 1 we conducted an online study (N = 362) aimed at under- custom infrastructure, services such as Dodgeball allowed standing the preferences and practices of LSS users in the users to send their current locations as text messages to US. We found that the main motivations for location sharing the service, which then alerted friends if they opportunis- were to connect and coordinate with one's social and pro- tically happened to be near each other. Eventually WiFi fessional circles, to project an interesting image of oneself, and GPS-based localization built into smartphones led to and to receive rewards offered for `checking in.' Respon- the development of various stand-alone location-sharing ser- dents overwhelmingly preferred sharing location only upon vices (LSS) such as Foursquare (https://www.foursquare. -
Annual Report 2018
2018Annual Report Annual Report July 1, 2017–June 30, 2018 Council on Foreign Relations 58 East 68th Street, New York, NY 10065 tel 212.434.9400 1777 F Street, NW, Washington, DC 20006 tel 202.509.8400 www.cfr.org [email protected] OFFICERS DIRECTORS David M. Rubenstein Term Expiring 2019 Term Expiring 2022 Chairman David G. Bradley Sylvia Mathews Burwell Blair Effron Blair Effron Ash Carter Vice Chairman Susan Hockfield James P. Gorman Jami Miscik Donna J. Hrinak Laurene Powell Jobs Vice Chairman James G. Stavridis David M. Rubenstein Richard N. Haass Vin Weber Margaret G. Warner President Daniel H. Yergin Fareed Zakaria Keith Olson Term Expiring 2020 Term Expiring 2023 Executive Vice President, John P. Abizaid Kenneth I. Chenault Chief Financial Officer, and Treasurer Mary McInnis Boies Laurence D. Fink James M. Lindsay Timothy F. Geithner Stephen C. Freidheim Senior Vice President, Director of Studies, Stephen J. Hadley Margaret (Peggy) Hamburg and Maurice R. Greenberg Chair James Manyika Charles Phillips Jami Miscik Cecilia Elena Rouse Nancy D. Bodurtha Richard L. Plepler Frances Fragos Townsend Vice President, Meetings and Membership Term Expiring 2021 Irina A. Faskianos Vice President, National Program Tony Coles Richard N. Haass, ex officio and Outreach David M. Cote Steven A. Denning Suzanne E. Helm William H. McRaven Vice President, Philanthropy and Janet A. Napolitano Corporate Relations Eduardo J. Padrón Jan Mowder Hughes John Paulson Vice President, Human Resources and Administration Caroline Netchvolodoff OFFICERS AND DIRECTORS, Vice President, Education EMERITUS & HONORARY Shannon K. O’Neil Madeleine K. Albright Maurice R. Greenberg Vice President and Deputy Director of Studies Director Emerita Honorary Vice Chairman Lisa Shields Martin S. -
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1 TABLE OF CONTENTS 2 I. INTRODUCTION ...................................................................................................... 2 3 II. JURISDICTION AND VENUE ................................................................................. 8 4 III. PARTIES .................................................................................................................... 9 5 A. Plaintiffs .......................................................................................................... 9 6 B. Defendants ....................................................................................................... 9 7 IV. FACTUAL ALLEGATIONS ................................................................................... 17 8 A. Alphabet’s Reputation as a “Good” Company is Key to Recruiting Valuable Employees and Collecting the User Data that Powers Its 9 Products ......................................................................................................... 17 10 B. Defendants Breached their Fiduciary Duties by Protecting and Rewarding Male Harassers ............................................................................ 19 11 1. The Board Has Allowed a Culture Hostile to Women to Fester 12 for Years ............................................................................................. 19 13 a) Sex Discrimination in Pay and Promotions: ........................... 20 14 b) Sex Stereotyping and Sexual Harassment: .............................. 23 15 2. The New York Times Reveals the Board’s Pattern -
The Information Revolution Reaches Pharmaceuticals: Balancing Innovation Incentives, Cost, and Access in the Post-Genomics Era
RAI.DOC 4/13/2001 3:27 PM THE INFORMATION REVOLUTION REACHES PHARMACEUTICALS: BALANCING INNOVATION INCENTIVES, COST, AND ACCESS IN THE POST-GENOMICS ERA Arti K. Rai* Recent development in genomics—the science that lies at the in- tersection of information technology and biotechnology—have ush- ered in a new era of pharmaceutical innovation. Professor Rai ad- vances a theory of pharmaceutical development and allocation that takes account of these recent developments from the perspective of both patent law and health law—that is, from both the production side and the consumption side. She argues that genomics has the po- tential to make reforms that increase access to prescription drugs not only more necessary as a matter of equity but also more feasible as a matter of innovation policy. On the production end, so long as patent rights in upstream genomics research do not create transaction cost bottlenecks, genomics should, in the not-too-distant future, yield some reduction in drug research and development costs. If these cost re- ductions are realized, it may be possible to scale back certain features of the pharmaceutical patent regime that cause patent protection for pharmaceuticals to be significantly stronger than patent protection for other innovation. On the consumption side, genomics should make drug therapy even more important in treating illness. This reality, coupled with empirical data revealing that cost and access problems are particularly severe for those individuals who are not able to secure favorable price discrimination through insurance, militates in favor of government subsidies for such insurance. As contrasted with patent buyouts, the approach favored by many patent scholars, subsidies * Associate Professor of Law, University of San Diego Law School; Visiting Associate Profes- sor, Washington University, St.