Revista234 Colombiana de Entomología 37 (2): 234-237 (2011)

Scientific note

Susceptibility of the predator annulipes (Dermaptera: ) to mycoinsecticides

Susceptibilidad del depredador Euborellia annulipes (Dermaptera: Anisolabididae) a micoinsecticidas

FLÁVIA QUEIROZ DE OLIVEIRA1, JACINTO DE LUNA BATISTA1, JOSÉ BRUNO MALAQUIAS3, CARLOS HENRIQUE DE BRITO4, and EMMERSON PEREIRA DOS SANTOS5

Abstract: To evaluate the influence of Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuill and Metarhizium anisopliae (Metsch) Sorok on the survival of the predator Euborellia annulipes Lucas (Dermaptera: Anisolabididae) were used product con- centrations 5.00x109; 7.50x109; 10.00x109; 12.50x109 conidia/L from isolates of B. bassiana and M. anisopliae which were obtained, respectively, through products Boveril® and Metarril® and control (0.0 conidia/L). High rates of hatching nymphs of E. annulipes have been recorded in clutches that received applications of M. anisopliae. Moreover, B. bassi- ana has affected negatively the hatching rate of nymphs of E. annulipes. A slightly harmful effect has been observed in all concentrations of conidia B. bassiana in clutches of E. annulipes. The survival was 100% in all tested concentrations of M. anisopliae in females of E. annulipes. The females which received topical application of B. bassiana have shown a survival rate ranging from 80.30 (12.50x109 conidia) to 100% (5.00x109 conidia). In males of E. annulipes, the surviv- al rate in treated with B. bassiana ranged from 95.00 (12.50x109 conidia) to 100% (5.00x109 conidia), while with M. anisopliae applications this rate was 96.02 (12.50x109 conidia) to 100% (5.00x109 conidia). The entomopathogenic fungi B. bassiana and M. anisopliae did not affect the mortality of nymphs and adults of E. annulipes. However, careful measures should be adopted in applications of B. bassiana directly into clutches of E. annulipes.

Key words: Pathogenicity. Entomopathogenic fungi. Selectivity. Natural enemy.

Resumen: Se evaluó la influencia deBeauveria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuill y Metarhizium anisopliae (Metsch) Sorok en la supervivencia del depredador Euborellia annulipes Lucas (Dermaptera: Anisolabididae). Las concentraciones de los productos evaluados fueron 5,00x109; 7,50x109; 10,00x109; 12,50x109 conídios/L de aislamientos de B. bassiana y M. anisopliae, respectivamente, con los productos Metarril® y Boveril® y un control (0,0 conidios / L). Se registraron altas tasas de eclosión de ninfas de E. annulipes en especímenes que recibieron tratamientos con M. anisopliae. Se observó un efecto levemente perjudicial en todas las concentraciones de conidios de B. bassiana en posturas de E. annulipes, pues B. bassiana afectó negativamente la tasa de eclosión de ninfas de E. annulipes. La supervivencia fue del 100% en hembras de E. annulipes que recibieron todas las concentraciones probadas de M. anisopliae. Las hembras que recibi- eron aplicaciones tópicas de B. bassiana presentaron sobrevivencia entre 80,3 (12,50x109 conidios) y 100% (5,00x109 conidios). Los machos de E. annulipes presentaron una tasa de supervivencia con B. bassiana entre 95 (12,50x109 co- nidios) y 100% (5,00x109 conidios) y de 96,0 (12,50x109 conidios) a 100% (5,00x109 conidios) al recibir aplicaciones de M. anisopliae. Los hongos entomopatógenos B. bassiana y M. anisopliae no afectaron la mortalidad de ninfas y adultos de E. annulipes. Sin embargo, se deben adoptar medidas precisas en aplicaciones de B. bassiana directamente en posturas de E. annulipes.

Palabras clave: Patogenicidad de hongos. Hongos entomopatógenos. Seletividad. Enemigo natural.

Introduction Entomopathogens are prevalent in natural systems and should receive greater attention in life-history studies (Hes- or Dermaptera constitute several species with high keth et al. 2010; Roy et al. 2009). Mycoinsecticides com- predation capacity due to their aggresive behavior. Among pose only a small component of the biopesticide market, but these species, Euborellia annulipes (Lucas, 1847) (Dermap- their use is gaining acceptance as an alternative to the use tera: Anisolabididae) is an important biological control agent of traditional contact insecticides for pest control (Ludwig of pests in agriculture. This species occurs throughout and Oetting 2001). Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuill and the neotropical zoogeographical region and has been an po- Metarhizium anisopliae (Metsch) Sorok are among the most tential predator of several insect pests, particularly of eggs studied species of entomopathogenic and are used as bio- and immature stages of insects of the Lepidoptera, Hemip- control agents of agricultural pests (Alves 1992; Alves et al. tera, Coleoptera and Diptera (Lemos et al. 1998, 1999). In 1998). In biological control of pests an important pathogen is northeast Brazil it is common occurrence of this insect prey- that one who affects only the target insect and not their natu- ing on immature stages of pests that occur in soil or in plant ral enemies (Flexner et al. 1986; Generoso 2002). structures lying on the ground as case of the larvae and pupae The severity of the effects of microbial insecticides de- of boll weevil at field of cotton. pends on the concentration of spores applied and the stage of

1 M.Sc. Student in Environmental Science and Technology, Universidade Estadual da Paraíba (UEPB), Brazil. e-mail: [email protected] corres­ ponding author; 2 Ph.D., Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB). Campus II - Areia- PB. e-mail: [email protected]; 3 M.Sc. Student in Entomology, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Brazil. e-mail: [email protected]; 4 Researcher/Professor, Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB), Campus II - Areia- PB. e-mail: [email protected]; 5 B.Sc. 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