Partition Load Manager
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IBM System p5 IBM Power Systems p AIX/UNIX/Linux Virtualization Basics Key Terminology: Practical Implementations of Virtualization & Live Partition Mobility 1 IBM System p5 Server Workload Considerations Traditional Server 6 Purchase Capacity –Workloads fluctuate 5 differently throughout the 4 Peak day and year –Workloads can fluctuate 3 greatly moment to CPUs moment 2 –Servers are purchased to 1 handle individual unknown peaks 0 –Unused resources can not 7:00 9:00 11:00 1:00 3:00 5:00 be moved between Time servers 2 LPAR (LogicalIBM System p5Partitions) – Separate O/S Images AIX Workload Manager (WLM) Multiple Applications (processes) controlled (fenced off) with a single AIX image Improved administrative efficiency by reducing the number of AIX images to maintain CPU Memory CPU Memory 3 IBM System p5 AIX Workload Partitions Separate regions of application space within a single AIX image Improved administrative efficiency by reducing the number of AIX images to maintain Workload Software partitioned system capacity Partition –Each Workload Partition obtains a regulated share of Test system resources Workload Workload –Each Workload Partition can have unique network, Partition Partition filesystems and security Billing Application Two types of Workload Partitions Server –System Partitions Workload –Application Partitions Partition Web Separate administrative control Server Workload Workload Partition –Each System Workload partition is a separate Partition Test administrative and security domain BI Shared system resources Operating System, I/O, Processor, Memory AIX 6.1 4 IBM System p5 PowerVM AIX Virtualization Continuum AIX Workload Partitions Complement Logical Partitions LPAR / Micropartitions AIX V5.3 on POWER5 or later Workload Partitions AIX 6 on POWER4 or later AIX Workload Manager Resource Flexibility AIXV4.3.36 on POWER3 or later Workload Isolation 5 IBM System p5 Two WPAR AIX Offerings… AIX 6 – Workload Partitions (WPAR) included in AIX 6 – Element (single system) WPAR Management Workload Partitions Manager™ – Enablement for Live Application Mobility – Cross System Management for Workload Partitions – Automated, Policy-based Application Mobility – Part of IBM System Director Family WPAR Manager 6 IBM System p5 Workload Partitions Manager Browser Management of WPARS across multiple systems Lifecycle operations Single Console for: – Graphical Interface – Create & Remove Workload – Start & Stop Partition – Checkpoint & Restart Manager – Monitoring & Reporting – Manual Relocation – Automated Relocation – Policy Driven Change Infrastructure Optimization Web Service Load Balancing Server 1 Server 2 Server 3 WPAR Agent WPAR Agent WPAR Agent System/Application WPARs System/Application WPARs System/Application WPARs 7 IBM System p5 Graphical WPAR Manager & Application Mobility Workload Partition Manager 8 IBM System p5 AIX Live Application Mobility Move a running Workload Partition from one server to another for outage avoidance and multi-system workload balancing Workload Workload Partition Workload Partition App Server Partition Data Mining e-mail Workload Workload Partition Partition Workload QA Web Partition Workload Dev Partition Billing Workload AIX Partitions AIX Manager Policy Works on any hardware supported by AIX 6, including POWER5 and POWER4 9 IBM System p5 IBM System Simultaneous multithreading POWER5POWER4 & POWER6 (Single Threaded) (simultaneous multithreading) FX0 Thread0 active FX1 No thread active LSO Thread1 active LS1 FP0 Appears as four CPUs per chip to the FP1 operating system BRZ (AIX 5L V5.3 and System throughput ST CRL Linux) SMT Utilizes unused execution unit cycles Presents symmetric multiprocessing (SMP) programming model to software Natural fit with superscalar out-of-order execution core Dispatch two threads per processor: “It’s like doubling the number of processors.” Net result: – Better performance – Better processor utilization 10 IBM System p5 IBM partitioning innovations help solve this problem In 2001: Logical Partitioning enabled consolidation of multiple application workloads In 2002: Dynamic Logical Partitioning, enabled dynamic reassignment of workloads Sys3 LogicalLogical DynamicDynamic Application A Application B Application C Sys2 Sys1 11 IBM System p5 Meeting Demand: Utilizing Available CPU Cycles Policy-based, automatic partition resource tuning Dynamically adjust CPU and memory allocation Before resource tuning After resource tuning Unbalanced resource allocation Adjust resource allocation based on business priority 3 5 6 1 3 10 CPUs CPUs CPUs CPU CPUs CPUs Agent Agent Agent Agent Agent Agent Test LPAR CRM LPAR Finance LPAR Test LPAR CRM LPAR Finance LPAR 12 IBM System p5 Micro-Partitioning technology allows Micro-Partitioning technology each processor to be subdivided into as AIX 5.3/AIX 6/Linux/i5 & iOS many as 10 “virtual servers”, helping to Micro-partitions consolidate UNIX® and Linux Dynamic applications. LPARs Pool of 6 CPUs Whole Partitioning options Processors – Micro-partitions: Up to 254* – Dynamic LPARs: Up to 32* – Combination of both Linux Linux Configured via the HMC AIX 5L V5.3 AIX 5L V5.3 AIX 5L V5.2 AIX 5L V5.3 i5/OS V5R3** Number of logical processors – Minimum/maximum Entitled Entitled capacity capacity – In units of 1/100 of a CPU – Minimum 1/10 of a CPU Min Variable weight Max – % share (priority) of surplus capacity Hypervisor Capped or uncapped partitions *on p5-590 and p5-595 ** on p5-570, p5-590, and p5-595 13 IBM System p5 More Efficiency: CPU & I/O Sharing Dynamically resizable Included features: 3 5 6 6 Enablement for Micro-Partitioning CPUs CPUs CPUs CPUs – Share processors across multiple partitions Virtual I/O Micro-partitioning th server – Minimum partition 1/10 processor AIX 5L AIX 5L – AIX 5L V5.3 or Linux* partition AIX 5.2 V5.2 V5.3 Virtual I/O server Storage – Shared Ethernet sharing Linux Linux AIX 5L V5.3 AIX 5L V5.3 AIX 5L V5.3 – Shared SCSI and AIX 5L V 5.3 Ethernet Fibre Channel-attached disk subsystems sharing Server I/O Virtual – Supports AIX 5L V5.3 and Linux* Virtual I/O Partition Load Manager paths – Both AIX 5L V5.2 and Hypervisor AIX 5L V5.3 supported – Balances processor and memory request Partition Load Manager Unmanaged partitions partitions LPAR 1 LPAR 2 LPAR 3 Hardware Management PLM AIX 5L V5.2 AIX 5L V5.3 Linux Console Management PLM agent PLM agent (HMC) Advanced server POWER Hypervisor Virtualization * SLES 9 or RHEL AS 3 hardware feature 14 Jay Kruemcke IBM 2003 IBM System p5 POWER 5 & 6 / AIX 5.3 LPAR DISK Sharing Partition Partition Partition Partition Partition 1 2 3 4 5 I/O Server Hypervisor Layer I/O Server 1A 2A 3A 4A 5A 2A 2B SCSI 3A 3B SCSI A 4A 4B B Fibre 1B 2B 3B 4B 5B Fibre Hypervisor Layer Mirror Mirror Mirror Mirror Mirror A A A A A A A A A A Using LVM mirroring for Availability One physical drives appears to be multiple logical drives LUNs appears as individuals logical drives Minimizes the numbers adapters SCSI and Fibre supported 15 IBM System p5 POWER5 / AIX 5.3 LPAR Virtual Ethernet Partition Partition Partition Partition Partition 1 2 3 4 5 TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP/IP Stack Stack Stack Stack Stack I/O Server I/O Server Partition Partition VLAN Power VLAN VLAN Hypervisor R IP B Network Configured like a standard Ethernet IP forwarding provided by I/O Server partition Can have multiple connections per partition Inter-LPAR communications: IPv4 & IPv6 plus large MTUs 16 IBM System p5 Virtual Ethernet helps reduce hardware costs by Virtual networking sharing LAN adapters POWER5 Server External Servers Micro-partitions VIOS AIX 5L AIX 5L Linux Linux VLAN 1 vSCSI V5.3 V5.3 VLAN 2 VLAN 3 vLAN Shared Ethernet Adapter Ethernet Switch Virtual Ethernet Switch Virtual Ethernet POWER Hypervisor –Partition to partition communication –Requires AIX 5L V5.3 and POWER5 Shared Ethernet Adapter IEEE VLANS –Provides access to outside world –Up to 4096 VLANS –Uses Physical Adapter in the Virtual I/O Server –Up to 65533 vENET adapters VLAN – Virtual LAN –21 VLANS per vENET adapter –Provide ability for one adapter to be on multiple subnets –Provide isolation of communication to VLAN members –Allows a single adapter to support multiple subnets Available via optional Advance POWER Virtualization or POWER Hypervisor and VIOS features. 17 IBM System p5 Virtual SCSI Virtual I/O helps reduce hardware costs by sharing disk drives POWER5 Server External Storage Micro-partitions Shared VIOS AIX 5L Linux AIX 5L Linux Fiber Chan v v V5.3 V5.3 A1 A2 A3 A4 Adapter S C L A5 A A1 A2 Shared S N B1 B2 B3 A3 SCSI I Adapter B1 B2 B4 B5 B3 Virtual SCSI VIOS owns physical disk resources LVM based storage on VIO Server POWER Hypervisor Physical Storage can be SCSI or FC Local or remote Micro-partition sees disks as vSCSI (Virtual Multiple LPARs can use same or different physical SCSI) devices disk Virtual SCSI devices added to partition Configure as logical volume on VIOS via HMC Appear a hdisk on the micro-partition LUNs on VIOS accessed as vSCSI disk Can assign entire hdisk to a single client VIOS must be active for client to boot Available via optional Advance POWER Virtualization or POWER Hypervisor and VIOS features. 18 IBM System p5 On Demand Capabilities: Keeps on Expanding CoD Offerings (Capacity on Demand) Trial Reserve On/Off Backup RAS (Reliability Availability Serviceability) Processor and Memory Sparing Building Block Architecture Pay as you grow 19 IBM System p5 Capacity on Demand Capacity Upgrade on Demand Upgrade system with processors and/or memory No special contracts, no required monitoring