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Benestar Animal Manual para formadores Benestar animal. Benestar animal. Manual para formadores Estrutura do manual O obxectivo principal deste manual é servir de ferramenta e apoio aos docentes dos cursos de benestar animal que se imparten aos gandeiros para a súa acreditación. Para iso seguíronse as recomendacións da normativa comunitaria e do Decreto 60/2007, da Xunta de Galicia, sobre formación no BA que inclúen ademais aspectos relacionados coa anatomía, fisioloxía, prevención de riscos laborais…, aos que nós engadimos complementariamente capítulos sobre animais de compañía, peixes, catástrofes naturais, etc. Deste xeito tamén satisfacemos as necesidades de coñecemento que sobre esta materia teñen os operarios do medio natural e os corpos de seguridade do estado no seu traballo diario. Unha das características principais do libro é permitir que o lector amplíe a información do tema que se trata mediante: I A consulta dunha selección de páxinas web recomen- dadas que se encontran ao final de cada capítulo que compoñen os módulos e que inclúen manuais, vídeos, procedementos, etc. I A utilización de check-lists baseados na lexislación comunitaria que facilitan tanto a profesores coma alumnos facer valoracións in situ do BA en explota- cións, vehículos de transporte, matadoiros e centros de experimentación animal, e así mesmo poden servir de base para un sistema de certificación. I O acceso á información dos proxectos de investiga- ción máis importantes sobre o BA no ámbito da Unión Europea. I Unha revisión moi completa de páxinas web dos go- bernos, universidades e centros de investigación máis recoñecidos do mundo que traballan no BA. I Unha ampla recompilación de literatura sobre protec- ción e dereitos dos animais. O manual en formato CD inclúe ademais pósters, pre- sentacións en power-point e preguntas relacionadas con cada capítulo que permiten difundir, repasar e avaliar os coñecementos citados ao longo do libro e unha recompi- lación actualizada da normativa vixente a nivel nacional e no ámbito europeo. Gustaríanos agradecer, especialmente, ás consellerías do Medio Rural e Sanidade da Xunta de Galicia, aos técnicos e criadores das asociacións ACRUGA, APACRA, ABCCL, AGACAL, ACCO e FEAGAS, ás facultades de veterinaria da USC e UDESC, á Escola Superior Agraria de Ponte Lima da IPVC, á Fundación Rof Codina, CIMO, á unidade de investigación do CHOU, á directiva do COLVETCOR, á Facenda Bom Jesús do Herval e a todas as persoas que colaboraron na elaboración deste manual a súa achega desinteresada e o esforzo para conseguir mellorar a vida dos animais mediante a formación daquelas persoas que traballan con eles. Obra colectiva coordinada por Jesús Juan Cantalapiedra Álvarez José Luis Puerta Villegas José Manuel Ferreiro Fente Xesús Feás Sánchez Marcio Vargas Ramella Joaquim Lima Cerqueira Jesús Orejas Fernández Ángeles Moreno Grande César Iglesias Vázquez José Pedro Araújo Ilustracións Elisardo Daniel Barcala Dorado Consellería do Medio Rural Santiago de Compostela 2011 Edita: Xunta de Galicia Consellería do Medio Rural. Dirección Xeral de Innovación e Industrias Agrarias e Forestais Lugar: Santiago de Compostela Asesoramento lingüístico: Antonia Vega Prieto Ano: 2011 Imprime: Gráficas Garabal Deposito Legal: C 2502-2011 ISBN: 978 84 453 5024 9 ÍNDICE DE MÓDULOS MÓDULO 1 MÓDULO 5 Lexislación vixente e definicións normativas rela- Benestar animal en peixes, animais de compañía cionadas co benestar animal e de laboratorio Normativa vixente e definicións lexislativas relativas O benestar nas explotacións piscícolas .....................................175 ao benestar animal ................................................................................15 O benestar nos animais de compañía ........................................183 MÓDULO 2 O benestar dos animais de laboratorio .....................................193 Historia dos dereitos dos animais desde a anti- Bibliografía ................................................................................................203 güidade ata o século XXI. Doutrina xurídica MÓDULO 6 Os animais e os homes: dende a antigüidade ata o O benestar animal como factor económico das século XX .......................................................................................................29 producións. A súa relación coa gandaría ecolóxi- Os animais e os homes: dereitos dos animais a partir ca e a PAC. Punto de vista da sociedade, tenden- do século XX ..............................................................................................39 cias e perspectivas de futuro Dereitos dos animais e doutrina xurídica ....................................49 O benestar animal como factor económico das pro- ducións. A calidade ética dos produtos animais ...209 Bibliografía ....................................................................................................55 Benestar animal na gandaría ecolóxica ......................................217 MÓDULO 3 O punto de vista da sociedade sobre o benestar ani- Razóns da formación en benestar animal. Defini- mal. Tendencias e perspectivas de futuro ....................221 ción e sistemas de valoración. Estrés. Saúde e en- fermidade A política agraria común (PAC), a condicionalidade e o benestar animal............................................................................... 227 Razóns da formación en benestar animal ...................................59 O plan de acción comunitario para o benestar dos Concepto de benestar animal ....................................................69 animais .........................................................................................................237 Fatiga, estrés e benestar animal. Adaptación: concep- Bibliografía ................................................................................................243 to e importancia. ....................................................................................75 Saúde e enfermidade. Causas predispoñentes e de- MÓDULO 7 terminantes da enfermidade. A hixiene e prevención Benestar animal no comercio ilegal de fauna sal- como factores do benestar animal ........................................81 vaxe e nos desastres naturais. Sacrificio de urxen- cia. Infraccións e sancións Valoración do benestar animal ..................................................87 O benestar animal e o comercio ilegal da fauna sal- Bibliografía ....................................................................................................95 vaxe .................................................................................................................251 MÓDULO 4 O benestar animal nas catástrofes naturais ................ 257 A importancia das interaccións home/animal. Sacrificio de urxencia e métodos de sacrificio huma- Comportamento das especies domésticas nitarios .........................................................................................................263 A interacción home-animal e o benes tar..................... 103 Infraccións e sancións en materia de benestar ani- O comportamento dos animais domésticos ............ 111 mal ...................................................................................................................271 O comportamento do gando vacún ...............................121 Bibliografía ................................................................................................279 O comportamento do gando ovino e caprino ......129 MÓDULO 8 O comportamento do gando porcino .....................................137 Prevención de riscos laborais. Xestión da preven- O comportamento das aves ....................................................149 ción. Rexistro xeral de explotacións gandeiras O comportamento dos coellos ............................................. 159 (REGA). Anatomía dos animais domésticos Bibliografía ................................................................................................167 A seguridade no traballo. Criterios de seguridade para o persoal que traballa con animais. A súa impor- tancia e relación co benestar animal ................................ 285 Xestión da prevención dos riscos do traballo no Figura 8. Fases do estrés .................................................................78 campo ..........................................................................................................293 Figura 9. Esquema de interacción entre axente, am- Rexistro xeral das explotacións gandeiras (REGA) .......299 biente e hóspede ....................................................................................83 Anatomía dos animais domésticos ....................................309 Figura 10. Exemplos de peche perimetral con vao Bibliografía ................................................................................................319 sanitario, silos e tea paxareira ......................................................84 MÓDULO 9 Figura 11. Sistemas de control ambiental na granxa, Veterinaria e benestar animal mochila de desinfección e contedor de recollida de cadáveres .......................................................................................................85 A profesión veterinaria e o benestar animal .............. 323 Figura 12. Recollida de cadáveres nunha granxa avícola, Bibliografía ................................................................................................329 con desinfección de contedores e camións ............................86 ÍNDICE DE FIGURAS Figura 13. Inspeccións do BA mediante a utilización de check-lists
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