DOCSLIB.ORG

Анализ Полиморфизма Генома Представителей Синтетического Вида ×Trititrigia Cziczinii Tsvel

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Анализ Полиморфизма Генома Представителей Синтетического Вида ×Trititrigia Cziczinii Tsvel Генетика растений Вавиловский журнал генетики и селекции. 2018;22(6):648-653 ОригинальнОе исследОвание / ORIGINAL ARTICLE DOI 10.18699/VJ18.406 Анализ полиморфизма генома представителей синтетического вида ×Trititrigia cziczinii Tsvel. методом AFLP А.А. Трифонова1 , К.В. Борис1, Л.В. Дедова1, В.А. Мельник1, Л.П. Иванова2, Н.П. Кузьмина2, С.В. Завгородний2, В.П. Упелниек2 1 Институт общей генетики им. Н.И. Вавилова Российской академии наук, Москва, Россия 2 Главный ботанический сад им. Н.В. Цицина Российской академии наук, Москва, Россия ×Trititrigia cziczinii Tsvel. – синтетический вид, полученный в результа- Genome polymorphism те гибридизации различных видов пшеницы и пырея. ×T. cziczinii, – обладает уникальными признаками: многолетность, способность of the synthetic species к отрастанию после скашивания на зерно, высокая адаптивность, ×Trititrigia cziczinii Tsvel. устойчивость к болезням и вредителям, высокое содержание белка inferred from AFLP analysis и клейковины в зерне. Это позволяет считать его перспективной сельскохозяйственной культурой. Новый вид является удоб ным 1 1 1 объектом для проведения фундаментальных исследований в об- A.A. Trifonova , K.V. Boris , L.V. Dedova , V.A. Melnik1, L.P. Ivanova2, N.P. Kuzmina2, ласти генетики, филогении и эволюции злаков (Poaceae). Однако 2 2 прежде генетические исследования ×T. cziczinii практически не S.V. Zavgorodniy , V.P. Upelniek проводились. Цель настоящей работы – изучение генетиче ского 1 Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, RAS, Moscow, Russia разнообразия 24 представителей двух подвидов (ssp. Submi tans и 2 N.V. Tsitsin Main Botanical Garden, RAS, Moscow, Russia ssp. Perenne) вида ×T. cziczinii. Для оценки межвидовых раз личий в анализ было включено 17 образцов других видов трибы Triticeae (Triticum aes ti vum, Triticum durum, Agropyron glaucum и Agropyron elongatum, а так же образцы пшенично-пырейных и пшенично-эли- ×Trititrigia cziczinii Tsvel. is a synthetic species obtained мусных гибридов (ППГ и ПЭГ)). В работе был применен метод мар- as a result of hybridization of different wheat and wheat- кирования AFLP (Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism), который grass species. ×T. cziczinii has unique characteristics, as позволил вы явить достаточно высокий уровень полимор физма изу- it is a perennial species, with the ability to grow after ченных образцов. С помощью двух комбинаций праймер/фермент mowing, high adaptability, resistance to diseases and (EcoRI-ACT/MseI-CCC и EcoRI-ACT/MseI-CTA) удалось идентифициро- pests, high protein and gluten content in the grain. All вать 227 фрагментов, из которых 224 были поли морфны (98.68 %), this makes it a promising new crop for agriculture. The а уровень внутривидового полиморфизма 24 образцов ×T. cziczinii new species is a good object for fundamental research составил 68.15 %. Найдены фрагменты AFLP-спектров, специфичные in the field of genetics, phylogeny and evolution of ce- для представителей ×T. cziczinii и изу ченных видов пырея, которые reals (Poaceae). However, there were practically no ge- могут стать основой для создания маркеров, выявляющих интро- netic studies of ×T. cziczinii. The aim of this work was to грессии генетического материала рода Agropyron в геноме пред- study the genetic diversity of 24 representatives of two ставителей ×T. cziczinii. Полученные результаты свидетельствуют о ×T. cziczinii subspecies (ssp. Submitans and ssp. Perenne). большей генетической близости ×T. cziczinii к T. aestivum, чем к пред- To estimate interspecific differences, 17 samples of ставителям рода Agropyron. Так, по данным кластерного анализа, other tribe Triticeae species (Triticum aestivum, Triticum представители ×T. cziczinii и сорта мягкой пшеницы объединились durum, Agropyron glaucum and Agropyron elon gatum, в один подкластер, внутри которого образцы двух видов образуют as well as samples of Triticum-Agropyron and Triticum- отдельные группы. При этом в результате оценки внутривидового Elymus hybrids) were included in the analysis. For генетического разнообразия ×T. cziczinii не было выявлено досто- the study, AFLP method (Amplified Fragment Length верной дифференциации представителей подвидов Submitans и Polymorphism) was chosen, which allowed us to reveal Perenne, что, вероятно, связано с не до конца определенной гене- a sufficiently high polymorphism level of the studied тической природой многолетности, основного признака, по кото ро- samples. The two primer/enzyme combinations му эти подвиды разделены. Проведенное изучение части уникаль- (EcoRI-ACT/MseI-CCC, EcoRI-ACT/MseI-CTA) allow ed ной коллекции синтетического вида ×T. cziczinii позволило получить the iden tification of 227 fragments, 224 of them were первые данные о генетике вида, более ранние исследования за­­тра- polymorphic (98.68 %), and the level of intraspecific гивали в основном фено типические и хозяйственно ценные при зна- polymorphism of 24 ×T. cziczinii samples was 68.15 %. ки. Применяемый в на стоящем исследовании метод AFLP-маркиро- The iden tified fragments of AFLP spectra, specific for вания показал вы со кую эффективность при работе с малоизу чен- the ×T. cziczinii representatives and the studied wheat- ным видом, а его результаты перспективны и полезны для понима - grass species, can be the basis for creating markers that ния генетической структуры нового вида (×T. cziczinii Tsvel.). will detect introgressions of genetic material of the genus Agropyron in the T. cziczinii ge nome. Our results Ключевые слова: ×Trititrigia cziczinii Tsvel.; синтетический вид; межви- indicate a greater genetic relatedness of ×T. cziczinii довая гибридизация; AFLP-анализ; генетическое разнообразие. to T. aestivum than to representatives of the genus Agropyron. According to the cluster analysis, represen- tatives of ×T. cziczinii and varieties of bread wheat were Received 27.03.2018 combined into a single subcluster, within which the Accepted for publication 25.07.2018 samples of two species form separate groups. At the © AUTHORS, 2018 same time, the evaluation of the intraspecific genetic diversity of ×T. cziczinii showed e-mail: [email protected] no reliable differentiation of representatives of the subspecies Submitans and Perenne, which is probably due to uncertain genetic nature of perenniality, the main feature that divides these subspecies. The study of the unique ×T. cziczinii collection allowed us to ob- tain the first data on the genetics of the species, while previous studies were focused mainly on phenotypic and economically valuable traits. AFLP analysis used in this study showed high efficiency when working with less studied species, and its results are promising and useful for understanding the genetic structure of the new species (×T. cziczinii Tsvel.). Key words: ×Trititrigia cziczinii Tsvel.; synthetic species; interspecific hybridization; AFLP-analysis; genetic diversity. КаК цитировать эту статью: Трифонова А.А., Борис К.В., Дедова Л.В., Мельник В.А., Иванова Л.П., Кузьмина Н.П., Завгородний С.В., Упелниек В.П. Анализ полиморфизма генома представителей синтетического вида ×Trititrigia cziczinii Tsvel. методом AFLP. Вавиловский журнал генетики и селекции. 2018;22(6):648-653. DOI 10.18699/VJ18.406 HOW TO CITE THIS ARTICLE: Trifonova A.A., Boris K.V., Dedova L.V., Melnik V.A., Ivanova L.P., Kuzmina N.P., Zavgorodniy S.V., Upelniek V.P. Genome polymorphism of the synthetic species ×Trititrigia cziczinii Tsvel. inferred from AFLP analysis. Vavilovskii Zhurnal Genetiki i Selektsii = Vavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding. 2018;22(6):648-653. DOI 10.18699/VJ18.406 (in Russian) тдаленная гибридизация открывает широкие воз- ные (Любимова и др., 1976). Кроме того, растения этого можности для использования геномного потенциа- вида обладают устойчивостью к болезням и вредителям, Ола диких видов растений. Так, представители видов высокой адаптивностью. пырея являются донорами генов устойчивости к ряду С 1960 г. коллекция образцов ×T. cziczinii поддержи­ заболеваний, адаптивности и качества и, соответственно, вается в отделе отдаленной гибридизации Главного бо­ могут быть использованы в селекционных программах по танического сада им. Н.В. Цицина РАН; сотрудниками улучшению культурных видов злаков. Поэтому отдален- проводятся многолетние наблюдения и исследования ные гибриды, полученные от скрещивания культурных этого вида, отбираются новые перспективные формы. и диких видов, могут стать не только хорошим объектом Но только в последние годы начаты работы по использо- для фундаментальных исследований, но и перспектив- ванию молекулярно­генетических маркеров для оценки ными формами для селекции и сельскохозяйственного генетического разнообразия коллекции. В 2012 г. впервые производства. исследован полиморфизм запасных белков (глиадинов) Генетическое разнообразие отдаленных гибридов, в ×T. cziczinii (Упелниек и др., 2012). Однако анализ ге- частности синтетических (рукотворных), полученных с нетического разнообразия вида ×T. cziczinii с помощью помощью межродовой гибридизации, изучается недо­ ДНК­маркеров ранее не проводился. статочно активно, хотя подобные исследования позво­ Одним из эффективных методов изучения генети- ляют получать данные о механизмах межгеномных взаи­ ческого разнообразия растений является AFLP­анализ модействий в процессе образования новых таксонов при (Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism). Он широко гибридизации, расширить знания в области сетчатой эво­ используется для изучения популяционного полимор- люции злаков – одного из способов объяснения главных физма, филогенетических отношений, идентификации эволюционных путей в трибе
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Advances in Wheat Genetics: from Genome to Field Proceedings of the 12Th International Wheat Genetics Symposium Advances in Wheat Genetics: from Genome to Field
    Yasunari Ogihara · Shigeo Takumi Hirokazu Handa Editors Advances in Wheat Genetics: From Genome to Field Proceedings of the 12th International Wheat Genetics Symposium Advances in Wheat Genetics: From Genome to Field Yasunari Ogihara • Shigeo Takumi Hirokazu Handa Editors Advances in Wheat Genetics: From Genome to Field Proceedings of the 12th International Wheat Genetics Symposium Editors Yasunari Ogihara Shigeo Takumi Kihara Institute for Biological Research Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences Yokohama City University Kobe University Yokohama , Kanagawa , Japan Kobe , Hyogo , Japan Hirokazu Handa Plant Genome Research Unit National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences Tsukuba , Ibaraki , Japan ISBN 978-4-431-55674-9 ISBN 978-4-431-55675-6 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-4-431-55675-6 Library of Congress Control Number: 2015949398 Springer Tokyo Heidelberg New York Dordrecht London © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and the Author(s) 2015 . The book is published with open access at SpringerLink.com. Open Access This book is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non- commercial License, which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited. All commercial rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifi cally the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfi lms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specifi c statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use.
    [Show full text]
  • Antagonistic Co-Evolution Between a Plant and One of Its Parasites Is Commonly Portrayed As an Arms Race (Ref)
    DEVELOPMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION OF WHEAT GERMPLASM FOR RESISTANCE TO STEM RUST UG99 IN WHEAT A Dissertation Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of the North Dakota State University Of Agriculture and Applied Science By Qijun Zhang In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements For the Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY Major Department: Plant Science December 2013 Fargo, North Dakota North Dakota State University Graduate School Title DEVELOPMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION OF WHEAT GERMPLASM FOR RESISTANCE TO STEM RUST UG99 IN WHEAT By Qijun Zhang The Supervisory Committee certifies that this disquisition complies with North Dakota State University’s regulations and meets the accepted standards for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY SUPERVISORY COMMITTEE: Steven S. Xu Chair Xiwen Cai Justin D. Faris Timothy L. Friesen Shaobin Zhong Approved: 12/20/13 Richard D. Horsley Date Department Chair ABSTRACT World wheat production is currently threated by stem rust (caused by Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici) Ug99 race (TTKSK). The ongoing global effort to combat Ug99 is focusing on the identification and deployment of Ug99-resistant genes (Sr) into commercial cultivars. The objectives of this study were to identify TTKSK-effective Sr genes in untapped durum and common wheat germplasm and introgression of TTKSK-effective Sr genes from tetraploid wheat (Triticum turgidium) and Aegilops tauschii into hexaploids through production of synthetic hexaploid wheat (SHW). For identification of TTKSK-effective Sr genes, 177 durum and common wheat cultivars and lines were first evaluated using three highly virulent races TTKSK, TRTTF, and TTTTF and 71 cultivars and lines with TTKSK resistance were identified. The TTKSK-resistant cultivars and lines were then evaluated using six local races and the molecular markers that are diagnostic or tightly linked to the known TTKSK-effective Sr genes.
    [Show full text]
  • A Survey of the Elymus L. S. L. Species Complex (Triticeae, Poaceae) in Italy: Taxa and Nothotaxa, New Combinations and Identification Key
    Natural History Sciences. Atti Soc. it. Sci. nat. Museo civ. Stor. nat. Milano, 5 (2): 57-64, 2018 DOI: 10.4081/nhs.2018.392 A survey of the Elymus L. s. l. species complex (Triticeae, Poaceae) in Italy: taxa and nothotaxa, new combinations and identification key Enrico Banfi Abstract - Elymus s. l. is a critical topic on which only a little INTRODUCTION light has begun to be made regarding phylogenetic reticulation, Elymus L. s. l. is one of the most debated topic among genome evolution and consistency of genera. In Italy, Elymus s. l. officially includes ten species (nine native, one alien) and some genera within the tribe Triticeae (Poaceae), with represen- well-established and widespread hybrids generally not treated as tatives spread all over the world. It has been the subject little or nothing is known of them. In this paper fourteen species of basic studies (Löve A., 1984; Dewey, 1984) that have (with two subspecies) and six hybrids are taken into account and opened important horizons not only in the field of agroge- the following seven new combinations are proposed: Thinopyrum netic research, but also and especially on systematics and acutum (DC.) Banfi, Thinopyrum corsicum (Hack.) Banfi, Thi- taxonomy. However, the still rather coarse knowledge of nopyrum intermedium (Host) Barkworth & Dewey subsp. pouzolzii (Godr.) Banfi, Thinopyrum obtusiflorum (DC.) Banfi, Thinopyrum the genomes and the lack of a satisfactory interpretation ×duvalii (Loret) Banfi, ×Thinoelymus drucei (Stace) Banfi, ×Thi- of their role in the highly reticulate phylogeny of Triticeae noelymus mucronatus (Opiz) Banfi. Some observations are pro- for a long time discouraged taxonomists to clarify species vided for each subject and a key to species, subspecies and hybrids relationships within Elymus s.
    [Show full text]
  • Toward a Taxonomic Definition of Perennial Wheat: a New Species ×Tritipyrum Aaseae Described
    Genet Resour Crop Evol DOI 10.1007/s10722-016-0463-3 RESEARCH ARTICLE Toward a taxonomic definition of perennial wheat: a new species 3Tritipyrum aaseae described Colin Curwen-McAdams . Matthew Arterburn . Kevin Murphy . Xiwen Cai . Stephen S. Jones Received: 5 April 2016 / Accepted: 17 October 2016 Ó The Author(s) 2016. This article is published with open access at Springerlink.com Abstract Nearly a century has passed since the first convention based on the International Code for crosses were made between wheat (Triticum L.) and Nomenclature and describe one combination within perennial Triticeae relatives with the goal of develop- the new nothogenus 9Tritipyrum. The development of ing a perennial grain and forage crop. Numerous perennial grains has the potential to allow for new crosses of different species and genera have been agricultural systems that take advantage of the persis- attempted, and many have yielded fertile hybrids. tent nature of the crop. The taxonomic definition of Despite these successes, a definitive taxonomic treat- this new crop type will help focus research and ment of stable hybrids has never been established. breeding efforts as well as organize the literature and ‘‘Perennial wheat’’ is the term commonly used to refer facilitate collaboration. to these hybrids when the traits of interest are the perennial growth habit and grain yield, regardless of Keywords Intergeneric hybridization Á New parentage. In order to establish a consistent system in species Á Nomenclature Á Perennial wheat Á which researchers can effectively communicate and Taxonomy Á Triticum aestivum Á Thinopyrum collaborate, it is important to characterize unique ponticum Á 9Tritipyrum Á Wheatgrass combinations.
    [Show full text]
  • Mcgish Identification and Phenotypic Description of Leaf Rust and Yellow Rust Resistant Partial Amphiploids Originating from a Wheat×Thinopyrum Synthetic Hybrid Cross
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Springer - Publisher Connector J Appl Genetics (2016) 57:427–437 DOI 10.1007/s13353-016-0343-8 PLANT GENETICS • ORIGINAL PAPER McGISH identification and phenotypic description of leaf rust and yellow rust resistant partial amphiploids originating from a wheat×Thinopyrum synthetic hybrid cross Klaudia Kruppa1 & Edina Türkösi1 & Marianna Mayer1 & Viola Tóth1 & Gyula Vida1 & Éva Szakács1 & Márta Molnár-Láng1 Received: 18 January 2016 /Accepted: 15 February 2016 /Published online: 27 February 2016 # The Author(s) 2016. This article is published with open access at Springerlink.com Abstract A Thinopyrum intermedium × Thinopyrum Introduction ponticum synthetic hybrid wheatgrass is an excellent source of leaf and stem rust resistanceproducedbyN.V.Tsitsin. The perennial wheatgrasses possess several favourable fea- Wheat line Mv9kr1 was crossed with this hybrid tures for wheat improvement, such as tolerance to biotic and (Agropyron glael) in Hungary in order to transfer its advanta- abiotic stresses, leading to better crop safety, yield and quality. geous agronomic traits into wheat. As the wheat parent was Intermediate wheatgrass [Thinopyrum intermedium (Host) susceptible to leaf rust, the transfer of resistance was easily Barkworth & D.R. Dewey] and tall wheatgrass [Thinopyrum recognizable in the progenies. Three different partial amphi- ponticum (Podp.) Z.-W. Liu & R.-C. Wang] are the two most ploid lines with leaf rust resistance were selected from the common introduced species. Because of the sterility of wheat/Thinopyrum hybrid derivatives by multicolour geno- wheat × Thinopyrum F1 hybrids, complete amphiploids or mic in situ hybridization. Chromosome counting on the partial more frequently partial amphiploids are the starting material amphiploids revealed 58 chromosomes (18 wheatgrass) in for successful gene transfer (Jiang et al.
    [Show full text]
  • Thinopyrum Intermedium and Th
    Resistance to soil-borne diseases of wheat: Contributions from the wheatgrasses Thinopyrum intermedium and Th. ponticum Hongjie Li1,4, R. L. Conner2, and T. D. Murray3 1National Key Facility of Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement (NFCRI), Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; 2Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Morden Research Station, Unit 100-101 Route 100, Morden, Manitoba, Canada R6M 1Y5; and 3Department of Plant Pathology, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164-6430, USA. Received 5 January 2007, accepted 7 September 2007. Li, H. J., Conner, R. L. and Murray, T. D. 2008. Resistance to soil-borne diseases of wheat: Contributions from the wheatgrasses Thinopyrum intermedium and Th. ponticum. Can. J. Plant Sci. 88: 195Á205. Eyespot, Cephalosporium stripe, and common root rot are soil-borne diseases that damage the stem bases, vascular system, subcrown internodes, and roots of wheat. Resistance in wheat to these diseases is insufficient to prevent significant yield loss when disease is severe. The wheatgrasses Thinopyrum intermedium and Th. ponticum are highly resistant to these diseases. Identification of disease- resistant wheat-Thinopyrum partial amphiploids, chromosome addition, substitution, and translocation lines makes them a valuable source of resistance genes for wheat breeding programs. Single chromosomes or chromosome segments containing resistance genes can be transferred into wheat to produce genetic stocks that afford a better understanding of the genetic control of resistance in wheatgrasses and new genetic resources for wheat improvement. Resistance to eyespot in Th. intermedium and Th. ponticum was associated with the homoeologous group 4 chromosomes, whereas resistance to Cephalosporium stripe was controlled by genes located on chromosomes 3 and 6 of Th.
    [Show full text]
  • Plants in Remediating Salinity-Affected Agricultural Landscapes
    Published Online on 21 November 2016 Proc Indian Natn Sci Acad 83 No. 1 March 2017 pp. 51-66 Printed in India. DOI: 10.16943/ptinsa/2016/48857 Review Article Plants in Remediating Salinity-affected Agricultural Landscapes MOHAMMAD S I BHUIYAN1, ANANTANARAYANAN RAMAN1,* and DENNIS S HODGKINS Charles Sturt University, P O Box 883, Orange, NSW 2800, Australia 1Graham Centre for Agricultural Innovation, Wagga Wagga, NSW 2650, Australia (Received on 05 May 2016; Accepted on 02 August 2016) Soil salinity is a widespread problem throughout the world. Salinization makes productive land unproductive. This problem can be addressed by non-plant based, environment-friendly (e.g., leaching of salts, chemical amelioration of soils, structural engineering modifications) and plant-based remediation (e.g., phytoremediation). Non-plant based remediation provides rapid outcomes. However, they have several inherent problems, viz., they are energy and cost intensive, need to be site specific, and are usually unsuitable in managing vast landscapes. In contrast, plant-based remediation, viz., phytoremediation, is a slower process, but is economical and environment-friendly. Phytoremediation is applied in areas that not only suffer salinity, but also in areas that include heavy-metal leachates such as mine areas and in landscapes that suffer sodicity. Further to improving soils by bringing them to near-natural conditions, phytoremediation, a worthwhile environment-friendly effort, provides many additional benefits such as improving nutrient availability in the restored soil. Keeping these in view, this article attempts to provide a comprehensive overview of salinity and its effect on plants, salinity-tolerance mechanisms in selected plants,various plant-based salinity remediation and management practices, such as phytoextraction, phytostabilization, phytotransformation, phytovolatilization, and rhizodegradation, and their contextual relevance.
    [Show full text]
  • Annotated Checklist of the Vascular Plant Flora of Grand Canyon-Parashant National Monument Phase II Report
    Annotated Checklist of the Vascular Plant Flora of Grand Canyon-Parashant National Monument Phase II Report By Dr. Terri Hildebrand Southern Utah University, Cedar City, UT and Dr. Walter Fertig Moenave Botanical Consulting, Kanab, UT Colorado Plateau Cooperative Ecosystems Studies Unit Agreement # H1200-09-0005 1 May 2012 Prepared for Grand Canyon-Parashant National Monument Southern Utah University National Park Service Mojave Network TABLE OF CONTENTS Page # Introduction . 4 Study Area . 6 History and Setting . 6 Geology and Associated Ecoregions . 6 Soils and Climate . 7 Vegetation . 10 Previous Botanical Studies . 11 Methods . 17 Results . 21 Discussion . 28 Conclusions . 32 Acknowledgments . 33 Literature Cited . 34 Figures Figure 1. Location of Grand Canyon-Parashant National Monument in northern Arizona . 5 Figure 2. Ecoregions and 2010-2011 collection sites in Grand Canyon-Parashant National Monument in northern Arizona . 8 Figure 3. Soil types and 2010-2011 collection sites in Grand Canyon-Parashant National Monument in northern Arizona . 9 Figure 4. Increase in the number of plant taxa confirmed as present in Grand Canyon- Parashant National Monument by decade, 1900-2011 . 13 Figure 5. Southern Utah University students enrolled in the 2010 Plant Anatomy and Diversity course that collected during the 30 August 2010 experiential learning event . 18 Figure 6. 2010-2011 collection sites and transportation routes in Grand Canyon-Parashant National Monument in northern Arizona . 22 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS Page # Tables Table 1. Chronology of plant-collecting efforts at Grand Canyon-Parashant National Monument . 14 Table 2. Data fields in the annotated checklist of the flora of Grand Canyon-Parashant National Monument (Appendices A, B, C, and D) .
    [Show full text]
  • Vascular Plant Species of the Pawnee National Grassland
    ,*- -USDA United States Department of Agriculture Vascular Plant Species of the Forest Service Rocky Mountain Pawnee National Grassland Research Station General Technical Report RMRS-GTR-17 September 1998 Donald L. Hazlett Abstract Hazlett, Donald L. 1998. Vascular plant species of the pawnee National Grassland. General Technical Report RMRS-GTR-17. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station. 26 p. This report briefly describes the main vegetation types and lists the vascular plant species that are known to occur in and near the Pawnee National Grassland, Weld County, Colorado. A checklist includes the scientific and common names for 521 species. Of these, 115 plant species (22 percent) are not native to this region. The life forms, habitats, and geographic distribution of native and introduced plants are summarized and discussed. Keywords: grasslands, Colorado flora, Great Plains flora, plant lists The Author Dr. Donald L. Hazlett, a native of the eastern plains of Colorado, has lived and worked in the Pawnee National Grassland region since 1983. Before 1983 Don spent 12 years working in Honduras and Costa Rica. He has worked for Colorado State University as site manager for the Central Plains Experimental Range, as a visiting professor in the biology department, and as a plant taxonomist for the Center for Ecological Management of Military Lands. Since 1995 Don has been a research contractor for ecological and floristic studies in the western United States. He prefers ethnobotanical studies. Publisher Rocky Mountain Research Station Fort Collins, Colorado September 1998 You may order additional copies of this publication by sending your mailing information in label form through one of the following media.
    [Show full text]
  • Molecular Cytogenetic Characterization and Stem Rust Resistance of Five Wheatlthinopyrum Ponticum Partial Amphiploids
    Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect JGG Journal of Genetics and Genomics 41 (2014) 591e599 ORIGINAL RESEARCH Molecular Cytogenetic Characterization and Stem Rust Resistance of Five WheatLThinopyrum ponticum Partial Amphiploids Qi Zheng a, Zhenling Lv a, Zhixia Niu b, Bin Li a, Hongwei Li a, Steven S. Xu b, Fangpu Han a, Zhensheng Li a,* a State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China b United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Cereal Crops Research Unit, Fargo, ND 58102-2765, USA Received 24 January 2014; revised 27 May 2014; accepted 9 June 2014 Available online 14 June 2014 ABSTRACT Partial amphiploids created by crossing common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and Thinopyrum ponticum (Podp.) Barkworth & D. R. Dewey are important intermediates in wheat breeding because of their resistance to major wheat diseases. In this study, we examined the chromosome compositions of five Xiaoyan-series wheatÀTh. ponticum partial amphiploids (Xiaoyan 68, Xiaoyan 693, Xiaoyan 784, Xiaoyan 7430, and Xiaoyan 7631) using GISH, multicolor-GISH, and multicolor-FISH. We found several chromosome changes in these lines. For example, wheat chromosomes 1B and 2B were added in Xiaoyan 68 and Xiaoyan 7430, respectively, while wheat chromosome 6B was eliminated from Xiaoyan 693 and Xiaoyan 7631. Chromosome rearrangements were also detected in these amphiploids, including an interspecific translocation involving chromosome 4D and some intergenomic translocations, such as AeB and AeD translocations, among wheat genomes. Analysis of the Th. ponticum chromosomes in the amphiploids showed that some lines shared the same alien chromosomes.
    [Show full text]
  • In a Thinopyrum Intermedium × Thinopyrum Ponticum Synthetic Hybrid (Poaceae) and in Its Parental Species by Multicolour Genomic in Situ Hybridization (Mcgish)
    COMPARATIVE A peer-reviewed open-access journal CompCytogen 10(2): 283–293Simultaneous (2016) visualization of different genomes (J, JSt and St)... 283 doi: 10.3897/CompCytogen.v10i2.7305 SHORT COMMUNICATION Cytogenetics http://compcytogen.pensoft.net International Journal of Plant & Animal Cytogenetics, Karyosystematics, and Molecular Systematics Simultaneous visualization of different genomes (J, JSt and St) in a Thinopyrum intermedium × Thinopyrum ponticum synthetic hybrid (Poaceae) and in its parental species by multicolour genomic in situ hybridization (mcGISH) Klaudia Kruppa1, Márta Molnár-Láng1 1 Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Department of Plant Genetic Resources, H-2462 Martonvásár, Brunszvik u. 2, Hungary Corresponding author: Márta Molnár-Láng ([email protected]) Academic editor: L.G. Souza | Received 24 November 2015 | Accepted 27 April 2016 | Published 17 June 2016 http://zoobank.org/A0483A15-477D-455A-A353-C935668FCC60 Citation: Kruppa K, Molnár-Láng M (2016) Simultaneous visualization of different genomes (J, JSt and St) in a Thinopyrum intermedium × Thinopyrum ponticumsynthetic hybrid (Poaceae) and in its parental species by multicolour genomic in situ hybridization (mcGISH). Comparative Cytogenetics 10(2): 283–293. doi: 10.3897/CompCytogen.v10i2.7305 Abstract Multicolour genomic in situ hybridization (mcGISH) using total genomic DNA probes from Thinopyrum bessarabicum (Săvulescu & Rayss, 1923) Á. Löve, 1984 (genome Jb or Eb, 2n = 14), and Pseudoroegneria spicata (Pursh, 1814) Á. Löve, 1980 (genome St, 2n = 14) was used to characterize the mitotic metaphase chromosomes of a synthetic hybrid of Thinopyrum intermedium(Host, 1805) Barkworth & D.R. Dewey, 1985 and Thinopyrum ponticum(Podpěra, 1902) Z.-W. Liu et R.-C.Wang, 1993 named „Agropyron glael” and produced by N.V.
    [Show full text]
  • CROP and PRAIRIE GRASSES SERVING AS HOSTS for the HESSIAN FLY MAYETIOLA DESTRUCTOR (SAY) (DIPTERA: CECIDOMYIIDAE) a Thesis Submi
    CROP AND PRAIRIE GRASSES SERVING AS HOSTS FOR THE HESSIAN FLY MAYETIOLA DESTRUCTOR (SAY) (DIPTERA: CECIDOMYIIDAE) A Thesis Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of the North Dakota State University of Agriculture and Applied Science By Yue Li In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE Major Department: Entomology November 2012 Fargo, North Dakota North Dakota State University Graduate School Title CROP AND PRAIRIE GRASSES SERVING AS HOSTS FOR THE HESSIAN FLY MAYETIOLA DESTRUCTOR (SAY) (DIPTERA: CECIDOMYIIDAE) By Yue Li The Supervisory Committee certifies that this disquisition complies with North Dakota State University’s regulations and meets the accepted standards for the degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE SUPERVISORY COMMITTEE: Marion Harris Chair Jason Harmon Steven Xu Steven Travers Approved: November 8, 2012 Frank Casey Date Department Chair ABSTRACT Insect herbivores typically parasitize a relatively small number of plant species. Host specialization is presumed to be a result of evolutionary arms races, with insect adaptations ultimately restricting host range. Being a gall-maker, the Hessian fly has highly evolved interactions with plant hosts. As a consequence, its host range is expected to be narrow. Two crop species, wheat and barley are hosts of the Hessian fly. I studied whether non-crop grasses can also serve as hosts. Included in tests were seven grass species that are important components of the grasslands of the Northern Great Plains. Although less suitable than wheat and barley, all seven species received eggs and five of the seven species supported development of offspring to the adult reproductive stage. Results indicate a broader host range than was expected.
    [Show full text]