6DIT0RlflL The hottest iss>ie on campus at present is the Vice-Chancellor, Professor Wilson's COflTOTS proposed restructuring of the university. Widespread student and staff criticism of the proposals must have come as a shock VICE-CHANCELLOR'S PROPOSALS SLAMMED 5 to the Vice-Chanccllor, who seems to have The V.C.'s proposals to restructure the university has been criticised by students and staff Amnesty International is a human rights expected acceptance of his proposals with organisation which campaigns for the release minimal fuss. PREPARING FOR THE NEXT WAR 7 American Xenophobia isa threat to the world of political prisoners and for the abolition Professor Wilson, may be surprised tlul of torture and the death penalty. many of the university's 18,000 siudents Security forces surrounded the National would like a say in the structuring of their ON THE OTHER HAND 9 Left hander Kjaz Perry laments the sufferings of fellow left-handers University in the capital San Salvador on institution. His comment that the university 17 March and arrested some 200 students, senate would not be inlcresled in what iijcluding Miguel Alberto VELADO and his students think implies a rigid authoritarian­ ANIMAL LIBERATION 13 brother. Since the coup of 15 October ism among the university's rulers. Anne Jones asks — "What is a happy chook?" 1979 wliich overtlu-ew President Carlos If this is the case, student response to Humberto Romero, Al has continued to the restructuring should not be directed to VIETNAMESE IN AUSTRALIA 14 receive allegations of illegal detention and the V.C. alone. All those in positions of How are they coping with Australian prejudice? torture by the security forces in El power at the univcrsily should be made Salvador. Arrests, disappearances and aware of student views. Studenis have too TO HELL WITH MORALITY 17 murder of suspected members of the op­ httle control over tlieir lives as it is, and Philosopher Ian Hinckfuss argues we should scrap morality position appear to have intensified since now is the time to demand a say in the the beginning of the year, the university's future. HOW TO SURVIVE THE MEN IN BLUE 19 Al has expressed concern to the United The student's union is in a good position Advice from solicitor Noel Nunan on dealing with the police States government about reports of stepped- to evaluate and prcsenl proposals related up American aid to El Salvador's internal to the restructuring. It has the services of ARE TOP 40'S HYPED? 21 security forces, including military advisors, fulltime Educalion Resource Officer, Lyn Are the Top 40 charts rigged by the record companies? coinciding with the campaign of repression. Taylor. While many students may be Please write air letters to the address drowning in the semester system, Ly has the CARTOON 28 below, urging the release of all those time and resources lo coordinale studenl Guru Matt Mawson's paths to enlightenment arrested for non-violent exercise of their input and ensure a more democratic right to freedom of expression and university. association. In particular, request clarifi­ DISTRIBUTORS: Gordon and Gotch SEMPER is a non profit licatnns may reprint ertictet and cation of the situation of Miguel Alberto *** political and cultural magazine Pty Ltd.. Brisbane. graphics provided Semper and the based at the University of ADVERTISING REP: Kevin authors are duty acknowledged. Velado and his brother. Queensland. Pennant, phone 371 2568 The exceptkins are creative writing We suggest UA participants do not act Another issue on campus is the possible PRODUCTION ASSISTANCE: and copyrighted graphics whicli irradiation of staff and students in the EDITOR: Tim Low Ralph Summy may not be reproduced without after ApriM, 1980. written penniuton of the authors. Veterinary Science Faculty. While Semper NEWS EDITOR: Kjaz Perry Semper Magazine welcomes Capitan Oswaldo Marinco, contributions and letters, but does LAYOUT•txl COVER: Matt Address all anquiriel to: would not dispute the merits of radon Mawson not aiJume any reiponiibility for Presidente, Conseco Permanente de las treatment in medical care, it seems to have SECRETARY: Jenni Bird unsolicited manuscrips, photo- Semper Magazine Fuerzas Armadas (COPEFA), University of Qld Union been carried out in the faculty with an TYPESETTING: Marie Blanch arephsandilluttrationi. Segiuida Brigada d 'Ar tiller ia, PRINTERS: Mirror Newspapers Semper is copyright, St, Lucia, St. Lucia. Qld. 4067. almost criminal disregard for the dangers Ltd., 367-373 Brunswick St., Valley Queentland, 1980. Non prift pub- ph.371 1611 or 371 2568 Cuartel San Carlos, San Sahador, involved. El Salvador. len^fts

CRITIQUE OF would entail the decriminal- logically consistent feminist, inist notion that the struggle Soviet leaders retaliated to persecution with which the for the social liberation of FEMINISTS isation of rape to the ex­ I would think it was nec­ Czechoslovakia under Soviet deal with any opposi­ tent that the sexual dimen­ essary to be a lesbian (so women does not need to be Dubrek by a massive in­ tion. One only has to listen sion of any physical assault that in a feminist Utopia politically integrated into vasion of the country. So it to the Russian dissidents to While 1 can appreciate on women has no legal sig­ men will only be useful the struggle of the non- was with Afghanistan. understan what the sentiments expressed by nificance (especially since as breeding studs), and so bourgeois masses generally The other major factor Communism is in practice. Erica Schwarz ("Women the relatively severe penal­ it is only natural that for social liberation, which is that the Soviet move The famed British "Soviet­ ties for rape often result -in feminists do not Uke any basically entails that women was directely into one of Harassed on Campus", do not necessarily put their ologist" Robert Conquest Semper, March 13, 1980), the murder of victims). But, public expression of male the major strategic areas of has said that the total cost of course, in relation to sexuality (apart from homo­ own interests as sexual the world - the Middle 1 must protest at the fact beings first. of Soviet Communism is such legal decriminalisation sexuality), as it represents East oilfields. They have 35-45 milUon Uves. that such militant of sex crimes, the social an ideological threat. -LEONARD AMOS thrust a further 250 miles sentiments are often moti­ influence of the Christian closer to the Persian Gulf, vated by a self-defeating chastity fetish needs to be and are now within 300 With such an appalUng Morever we see today record of human rights essentially misanthropic generally eradicated, so that that women are, relatively miles of the Straits of feminist ideology, which is we can sexually express violations against its own speaking, in a worse social AFGHANISTAN Hoemuz, the choke-point people, is it possible that an inverted form of fascism. ourselves without the stigtna position than before the through which the bulk of of sexual taboos. they can be inspired by The feminist ideology is feminists became a sig­ the world's oil supply must "humanitarian concern" as essentially misanthropic, nificant political factor;and In the article on Af­ niove. Their invasion of G. Barclay beUeves? wliich, In fact, results in Apart from the fact that this is basically due to the ghanistan (Semper, 3/4/80), Afghanistan puts them Furthermore, the Soviets the type of paranoid be­ feminists apparently strong­ dynamic exigencies of the Glen Barclay suggested Ihal adjacent to Iran, and South have said openly that they haviour exemplified by ly oppose any notion of bourgeois capitalist Russia's main motivation Yemen and the old British "will not leave until the the decriminalisation of sex port of Aden have been some women being too sex­ economy. Thus we see that for invasion was thai of bloody job" of suppressing crimes (and they even ad­ married working women are under Soviet control for ually self-conscious to use Islarnic unrest and was es­ rebellion is over. And the the student refectory. This vocate that aUeged rapists being made the scapegoat quite a whtle.'< sentially humanitarian. I ABC's "Report from Asia" is because feminists don't do not have the benefit for mass youth unemploy­ stated that 100 men and realise that, in relation to of what is considered the ment, in coiyunction with should like to challenge It would do the free boys were shot by Soviet the procreative act, man normal means of legal de­ the fact that women are both these views. world well to remember soldiers and pushed into a and woman are dilectical fence), we see that they considered to be anti-social When Hafizullah that Lenin stressed that the mass grave, some still opposites, which means that are just as vocal in their if they do not raise a family, Amin took over in March ultimate aim of writhing. Is this an example sexual conflict is absolute, opposition to what is called and so help create mass 1979, he made a statement of Russia's "benevolence"? pornography as any right- Communism is world while sexual unity is rela­ consumer demand. Probably indicating that Afghanistan domination. Under the guise tive; thus, there never will wing religious fundamental­ the most socially significant would appeal to the whole ists. We get the same old of "liberation" posturing, be a non-sexist Utopia in image of women in sodety world, including the USA the USSR, via its proxies It is not being alarmist which, say, the phenome­ scientifically invalid argu­ today is the "Playboy" and China, to help in its ment concerning Cuba, East Germany and to say that the free world non of rape will not at •*prick-up girl", who rep­ great battle to overcome North Vietnam have suc­ is in a precarious position. least be latently present. pornography from the resents the fact that all most feudalism. This provoked feminists, as if there never ceeded in seizing the Russia has cleverly used Why it can be said that women will have to trade antagonism from fun- massive land mass of Viet­ "detente" in order to be­ had been sex aimes before upon in times of mass da inental ists who saw the the feminist are inverted the existence of modern- nam, Laos and Cambodia, come superior to USA fascists is because they unemployment will be their r^ime as bemg secular and and Angola and Ethiopia. where before "detente" day pornography. But the bodies, either by means of­ modernistic. objectively support the fact is that pornography is Were the USSR to seize they were vastly inferior. social sanctity of the capi­ the more blatant forms of What is more important control of the oil route, just another form of sex prostitution, or the more President Carter blindly talist commodity and the education, and the feminists is that the leadership change the West would be para­ pursues "Salt" treaties social efficacy of the subtle forms of sexual in­ from Tarakki to Amin rep­ lysed. - like the fascists - in timidation at work, or the while Russia contmuaUy Christian chastity fetish. their own interests want to resented a shift from total No doubt the fear of a pours out armaments. The main way of preventing covert prostitution of the Soviet control to a more try to stop us from thinking bourgeois family. Therefore, moslem uprising in the One wonders where the rape would be to concen­ for ourselves on the basis neutral or independent USSR was a factor, but sense is in clamouring to trate on making sex a women generally need to stance. This develop­ of perceived facts. To be a reject the undialectical fem­ that would be dealt with get to the Olympic Games. free commodity, and this ment has a precedent; by the usual slaughter and -DONNA UCEY UniV^RSITV. RADIATION FEARS AT UNIVERSITY Radiation treatment conducted at the Queensland University's Veterinary wearing of badges by radiation workers, takes it lightly unless they're silly." Science Department may have contaminated students and researchers. Semper and said the fact that Steve was alerted of In view of these comments why was learned last week. One researcher is so concerned he fears he may suffer a high badge reading was evidence of the Steve Brown not told of the treatments effectiveness ofthe system. taking place behind the wooden wall of his leukemia or other cancers later in life. Yet it seems that only staff members room? Steve was amazed when told by The fears have arisen from radon treat­ near the wall which separates his room from involved in their own radiation research Semper that as many as 30 horses were ment used to treat lameness in horses. The the stables. are issued wiih badges. If Sieve's room had treated each year. He said he would willing­ process involves strapping the radon to the Apparently the radon was being kepi just been occupied by sonie olher researcher not ly liave vacated his room during treatments, horses' limbs for periods of about 24 hours. behind tliat wall in the stables office, and working with radiation, then the contamina­ had he been told of their times. As the treatment results in escape of had passed through the wooden wall to tion would never have been recorded. And if the treatment in the central stables potentially harmful radiation, it should be register a liigh count on Sieve's badge. The Veterinary Science Faculty has plans was safe, as the Sub-Dean and other performed away from public areas. Yet until Dr. Robertson explained tliat distance was a to move all clinical work, including radon members of the faculty liave claimed, why two months ago, horses were undergoing vital factor with radon, i.e. that danger treatment, lo the University farm at Moggill. was it moved when Dr. Jacobs took over. treatment in the Department's central increased with closer proximity to the stables, adjacent to the busy student radon. canteen, surrounded by busy thoroughfares, Steve said he was not happy with the and only metres from the room of tutor conclusions of Dr. Robertsons's enquiry Steve Brown. (the report of which was not shown to him), Steve, like other staff involved in lie said that during the period of high radiation research, wears a badge to monitor readings he had sometimes been in his room radiation exposure. Checks of radiation all night, because of the need to feed koalas levels in the badges arc made regularly by he was studying. As his room is very small, the Health Department. An acceptable level he and the koalas could have received of radiation is five to ten (m.Rem.), about almost as much radiation as his coat. Dr. the same as that emitted by a television set. Robertson could not have taken this into Yet when Steve's badge was checked in July account, he said, as no-one knew of his last year, it registered an incredible 300 presence in the room at night. (m.Rem.). Steve was concerned enough to have a At the time, Steve was unaware of the blood test taken to detect any chromo­ radiation treatment going on next door, and somal breakages, which are one of the firsl was advised to be more careful with his own signs of liigh level radiation contamination. Central Stabler of the Veterinary Science Department where radon treatment was research involving radioactive iodine. It was He was relieved to find no breakages had carried out until 2 months ago. The canteen is in the building at left. Tutor Steve Brown's not untU his badge had registered several occurred. But he may slill suffer long term room is arrowed. excessive levels that he discovered the effects, as radiation-induced cancer may take probable source of contamination. ten to thirty years to appear. The decision appears to be a sound one, His comments suggest the fomier locality The University Radiation Officer Dr. Steve was also displeased that a copy of although some Vet. Science studenis would may have posed a health threat even to Robertson was called in to investigate. He Dr. Robertson's report had never been sent argue il is long overdue, in view of the passers-by. Wliat of Steve Brown confined told Semper that the high readmg had to him, although it must have been dangers of radon. in a small adjacent room? resulted from Steve hanging his coat one completed about six months ago. He seemed Dr. Jacobs said he did not think it was It is alarming that the radon treatment night in his office with the badge attached, surprised when Semper approached him worthwhile to transfer the therapy at this has escaped media attention for so long. about the report, and said tliis was because stage. The inconveniences of travelling to Semper only heard about Steve's liigh he had been unaware of its existence. and from tlie farm would outweight tlie radiation levels from a concerned friend of minimal risks involved, he said. a Vet. Science student. analarmmcrly Radiation treatment is now carried out Several Vet. Science staff members and fumy evening with... in the horse stables on the ground fioor of *** students said they were concerned by the west block, away from the canteen and Although the chances of further ac­ treatment, but most of their comments were Sieve Brown's room, ll was moved there cidental irradiation now seem remote, 'off the record'. Tliis was obviously because SPIKC two months ago, after Dr. Malcolm Roberts, there are still questions to be asked. of concern over their future in the faculty. who is in charge of radon treatment, went All of the slaff members consulted Even Steve Brown was reluctant to talk overseas on sabbatical leave. emphasised the precautions that must be about the subject, as he did nol wish to His replacement. Dr. Ken Jacobs, moved taken when administering radon, including engender ill-feeling among staff. the treatment, and told Semper "1 hate the lead aprons and gloves and the need for ll is a chilling thought that comment on stuff being around in a clinical area where radon not in use to be kept in a lead box. a possible health hazard could be stifled by people are walking." He said he had no idea Professor Rex, Sub-Dean of the Vet. the need of staff and students lo stay on why the treatment was previously carried Science faculty said he had been working good terms with their department. out in such a public place. with radon for twenty years and -SHELLY DEMPSEY Dr. Jacobs praised the compulsory commented, "I think no-one who uses radon TIM LOW

AUSTRALIA - ISRAEL COME WOMEN & LABOUR CONFERENCE SEMPER RETRACTS CLOSER 17-19 May 1980 In Semper of March 15, 1978, Danny Weizman, age 27, has an article headed "Name of the Game" recently arrived from Israel to take up with GLEN CARDIER appeared on page 28. Il made refer­ and CARL VINE ence to a Mr. Christopher Douglas work for one year in Australia as a ficldworkcr for the Australasian From Mon. May 5 Lansdell, a journalist and political Union of Jewish Students. Nightly at 8.15 roundsman with the Telegraph Newspaper. Danny is a Bachelor of Social Work from No Matinees Mr. Lansdell has taken the article Prices: $10.90 Haifa University. His role in Australia will to impute that he was not a fit person consolidate the Jewish Student Movements Students-Pens. $7.50 to hold .such a position and that he in Brisbane, Adelaide and Melbourne and would not report news accurately or making available a convenient and direct PERFORMANCES impartially. Semper assures Mr. facility for the student population generally Lansdell that any such imputations lo learn about Israel and lo visit there. Her Majesty's Theatre were not Intended and hereby Danny will be on Uni. of Qld. campus counter bookings withdraws them. Semper apologises every Tuesday, between 10am and 2pm now open for first 6 days! to Mr. Uinsdell for any embarass- in Common Room No. 3 of the Relax ment or inconvenience which may Block. General Information on Israel, tours Phone 221 2777 University of Melbourne have been caused to liim. and kibbutz application forms will be avail­ able.

SEMPER .cons6RVRTDn; The other Victims of War

The loss of life during wars is not always Umited to hutnan populations. Wildlife Is often massacred as well. The wars in Indochina led to the deaths of many elephants and may have caused the extinction of the kouprey, a species of wild cattle restricted to the plains of Kampuchea. In Africa the overthrow of Idi Amin led to a massacre of elephants and other big game animals. Karl van Orsdol of Cambridge University reports on the slaughter at Rwenzori National Park in Uganda. ll will be many years before Uganda's for the wildlife. Desperate to obtain valuable game stocks recover from the lawless rule of items to sell laler in Zaire or Suda, Amin's Idi Amin and the slaughter of thousands of troops set oul daily to machine-gun animals by the liberation forces which over­ elephant herds for ivory. Rhinoceros'wcrc threw him. also a target, ancl il is now teared lliat the From March 1977 until August 1979, rare northern white rhino is extinct in 1 was studying lions in the Rwenzori Kabalcga. The soldiers occupied the three National Park in south-western Uganda. lodges in Kabalcga, stole everything of I witnessed, in the months following value, set the buildings on fire, and Amin's defeat, the wholesale massacre of killed a number of park staff. wildlife in the park. Some 14,000 animals, The Tanzanian-liackcd opposition forces arrived in the Rwenzori Park in April of Kampala in lale April 1979, I would support of international wildlife mainly hippo, antelope, elephant and organisations in a reconstruction drive. buffalo, were killed by soldiers working in 1979, and they too began to shoot, at first, estimate that aboul 30 per cent ofthe park's But even with outside help, Uganda's conjunction with Ugandan civilians during small numbers of animals for food. But this 46,000 large mammals were killed. Tlie this time. killing soon escalated and the animals, dead included some 6,000 hippo, 5,000 once magnificent wildlife will need years especially hippo, were in fact being killed antelope, 2,000 buffalo and perhaps 50 lo recover. For some ofthe larger mammals, The slaughter was not without precedent rebuilding the population is a very slow For eight years before the war Amin's army for profit, or in some cases for pleasure lion. With hippo meat fetching 20 sliillings per Once this slaughter was pubUcised, process. Elephants do not even begin to carried oul systematic ivory poaching in the worldwide outcry attracted the breed before they are about 15 years old, Uganda's national parks. In the Kabalcga kilo and an adult hippo yielding some attention of the Ugandan and Tanzanian and have a gestation period of 22 months. Falls Park, for example, Amin's soldiers 800 kilos of meal, the profil on each carcass authorities. Reports from Uganda now Tlie hippo can be up to eight years old killed some 12,000 elephants, out of a was around 15,000 sliillings (S1950). before it begins breeding, and its gestation total population of 14,000, between 1978 Not all the killing, however, was for indicate a vast improvement, following period is eight months. and 1976. In the Rwenzori Park, elephant commercial gain. Many animals not eaten by President Nyerere's speech at a public rally numbers dropped from 2,700 to around 700 the local people and with no economic in Tanzania last October; Rwenzori has In any case, a positive government over the same period. value, like the watcrbuck, were also killed been free of military poachers since then. conservation policy and a good deal of inler­ In Kapalega, Tanzanian soldiers and national suppori will be necessary if In 1978 and 1979, as the remnants of - presumably for fun. Reports came in that Uganda's wildlife is to recover from the Amin's army retreated through the national even lions had been killed by machine gun park wardens are mounting joint patrols depradalions of the past nine months. parks, pursued by the Tanzanian and and hand grenade. to protect v/hat animals are lefi. The new Ugandan opposition forces, there was havoc In the chaotic months after the fall,of Ugandan government has enlisted the X Forest Habitats Diminisiiing

live from them. If you cut down the African Beware if you have to consult an kasuku tree, for example, it wiU provide atlas printed as recently as the early only some inferior timber; but if it is left 1970s: parts of It are hopelessly out standing, then the Mbuti pygmies can of date. Much of the green areas regularly tap its resin for sealing containers, representing tropical forests in places cooking and ligliting. The forest can also be a source of herbal remedies. The Amazon like Borneo or the Malagasy Republic Indians know about 750 plants with medi­ should now be coloured brown. cinal uses. Ahd there are raw materials in Tropical forests are steadily being plenty to be gathered from the forest - destroyed leaving in their place scrub, perfumes, waxes, gums, dyes, rope and worn-out soils and bare rock. fibres were all originally forest products. At the moment few countries are doing anything to preserve the forest tribes' Along with the plant and animal life that habitat, other than payuig lip service to the is disappearing are also the people of the rights of iheir indigenous people. Although forests who have lived there for thousands of the Philippines, for example, has legislation years. When they go they take with them to proiect the ancestral lands of cultural into oblivion their unrivalled knowledge of minorities, this has not stopped the author­ the forest world. ities grantuig a state-owned lumber The pygmies of central Africa, the company, Cellophil Resources Corporation, "tribals" of India, the Amerindians fiom a 200,000 hectare (500,000 actre) tunber Amazonia, the negrito tribes of southeast Amerindians of Brazil, for uistance, run a the forest tribes. Some trees are worshipped concession in the homeland of the ting- Asia are all facing extinction. There is little very organised system spread over a 15 as gods for the benefits they bring. The guian people of Luzon. But if the forest understanding of the large areas of undis­ year cycle. The worst kind of shifting Dayak of Indonfesia do homage to the souls peoples are to survive, ways must be found turbed forest tliat these tribes need in order cultivator is the recent migrant from the of the trees they cut down. Indiscriminate to exploit their expertise in gatliering the to survive. Some forest peoples live a grasslands. The Bira tribe of Zaire are clear-felling tends to make development riches of the forest. One leading Indian nomadic existence, roaming the forest lo typical. To them, the jungle is an alien doubly traumatic. Recently the Adivasi forester is pressing for a co-operative system gather food, fishing the rivers and hunting world full of bad spirits, hostile pygmies tribal group in northern India were stirred to be set up which will allow the tribals to for wild game. To ask a hunter-gatherer to and animals wliich trample their crops. into open revolt when the Bihar Forest exchange raw materials for the adapt to a more settled way of life is like They hack large chunks out of the forest Department chopped dovwi a species they manufactured goods they need. givmg a city-dweller a bow and arrow, to grow crops like dry rice and manioc revered. Where forests are replaced by dumping him in the forest, and expecting which swiftly exhaust the soil, forcing them plantations of fast-growing trees, they are liim to survive. lo move on every two or three years. ofien just deserts as far as the forest people For too long the forest people have been The dividing line is sometimes blurred Across the tropics thousands of com­ are" concerned. When the Adivasi's holy regarded as worthless, prunitive societies, between the forest tribesman and one of munities like the Bira are pushing back the trees were replaced with plantation saplings, fodder only for anthropological doctorates the worst culprits of deforestation, the forest. In Asia alone, some ei^t million they tore them out of the ground. and the occasional TV documentary. Their shifting cultivator. The major difference is hectares (20 million acres) of forest are long-term survival rests whh the willingness that the traditional forest communities taken over by shifting cultivators each year. , Governments musl realise that forests are of Third Worid governments to allow them know how much clearance can be done The tropical forest is much more than a yorth keeping intact, for their commercial to play their own speciaUsed role hi develop­ witlwut destroying the forest. The Kayopo place to live, it is also the spiritual home of exploitation as well as for the people who ment. 'i^fmk .univeRsiTV- V.C.^ Proposals Slammed Proposals by the Vice-Chancellor of the University of Queensland, Mr. Brian Wilson, to restructure the university have met with wide opposition. A forum held recently by the students' union attracted one of the largest crowds seen at a union forum for some years. IVIany Universtiy Staff members are also opposed to the proposals. Opponents have criticised both the nature of the proposals and the way in which the Vice Chancellor is introducing them. The following critiques present both student and staff responses to the proposals.

he fabric of the university will where the new tier of middle manage­ collapse within eight months if no ment creeps in. changes take place," said the Vice T (4) The super-Deans would brmg their Chancellor to a meeting of social work recommendations for resource allocation students on 9 April. This statement is a scare to the Executive Committee. The Deans tactic to justify his proposals for sweeping would not be bound by the recommend- clianges within this University but also for aUons of the Faculty Board on resource trying to make the changes with mdecent allocation. liaste. Our Premier is also fond of declaring a slate of emergency to make people think (5) Below the Faculty level would be that any action by his Government is justifi- Schools. The organisation of Schools is ,able. very confusing. The term "Boards of Studies" is floatmg around here as well. After six months at the University, the Here again, is a new tier of administration V.C. made a statement lo the Senate headed by a sub-Dean with ill-defined (26.7.79) which was unashamedly im­ responsibilities. The super-Deans would pressionistic. Although the V.C. claims he be the chairpersons of the Boards of has no blueprint for change, he suggested Studies, whatever they may be. many sweeping clianges in his address. A copy of the address was widely circulated WHAT'S WRONG WITH THE V.C.'s to the slaff and has caused confusion and PROPOSALS? uncertainty ever since. he problem with the proposals of At no time has the V.C. seen fit to set up course, is that they are the V.C.'s. It any kmd of evaluation mechanism which T is not the role of a V.C. to present a could make proposals on change indepen­ narrow set of proposals in this way. He dent of himself. A committee was selected should present a wide range of options and by the V.C. to consider hwo to implement ensure that other people have the chance to his proposals without causing too many do the same. A committee which is rep­ waves. It has clearly been a specific task- Yet his proposals are neither rep­ the university. resentative of staff students, and adminis- resentative nor democratic. They do not oriented cominittee to refine rather than (3) An Executive Committee would be traUon should be set up to investigate represent the views of the majority of staff extend debate and decision-making on set up to co-ordinate University activities the need for change. Any proposals which and students, and the bodies to which they change. and to advise the V.C. on submissions the committee makes should be widely "The Senate would not really be Iwve been submitted, (the Senate and to the Senate and its committees. This is interested in what 18,000 students think", Professorial Board) are similarly un­ (continued next page) the V.C. told the Social Work students. representative. Perhaps the V.C. is projecting! He does not seem concerned that any changes should WHAT DOES THE V.C. PROPOSE? refiect what the majority of staff and The V.C. proposes lo reorganise the students want. He seems to see his role as existing 13 faculties inlo six, seven or eight that of the strong man - inviting new ones; appoint a non-accountable middle A STAFF RESPONSE submissions on HIS proposals to be sent management level of "super-Deans"; create to HIM, to be evaulated by HIM, so that a powerful Executive Committee; introduce he Vice-Chancellor wants to make big changes in the Internal government HE can determine what is good. Nobody new mechanisms for resource allocation; except the V.C. has access to these sub­ set up an office to raise funds for the of this university. Briefly, he wants to rationalise the thirteen faculties missions; none of the individuals or groups University from private sources; set up a T into about eight groupings that are about equal in size and have a new making submissions have the opportunity committee to investigate staff issues such kind of dean appointed (not elected) to head each grouping, on a fulltime basis to interact with one another and the V.C.'s as eariy retirement and staff evaulation; and with much more power than the present elected deans. He wants himself, proposals are the only ones offered for revise the methods of distributing research these new deans and a few other top figures in the hierarchy to be a new and consideration. funds; and replace many fulltime tutors with power 'executive committee' whose decisions would be ratified by the Senate. The V.C. says the University is in a post-graduate studenl tutors. A number of people have weighed the in the Vice-Chancellor's proposals has crisis situatton but there is no concrete evidence to show his proposals wnuld t is not clear exactly what the pro­ proposals and seen the beginnhigs ofa strong fuelled speculation as to the need for remedy the situation. No-one would deny posed structure is. Tlie V.C. has said shift towards authoritarian government haste". This is compounded by the that cutbacks in funding haw had serious i that more detailed proposals will be Among those who are worried are the "indecent haste" and "lack of concern for effects on the University, but the V.C. presented to the Professorial Board in May. members of a subcommitlee of the Staff consultation" in the committee set up by fails to show the correlation between It seems, however, that the main differ­ Association which represents aademics al the Vice-Chancellor to poll the views of funding and his proposals for change. ences between the proposed structure and this university. This subcommitlee produced departmental heads over the vacation when the one we know are as follows: a document entitled "A Staff Association most staff were absent. he University structure is far from Critique of the Vice-Chancellor's Proposals The subcommittee suggests the need for perfect and could do with many for Structural Change Within the a different approach: the Vice-Chancellor (1) The 13 faculties will be reorganised University." T changes. But these should be carried into 6-8 revised faculties. How this is to be should set up competent working groups out rationally and democratically rather Though not yet ratified by a general to look into and analyse the present done is not clear but the model most likely meeting of members, this document (to than in tlie atmosphere of emergency the to be implemented is one based on equi- situation. It says there should then be a V.C. is trying to create. He offers the be followed by counter-proposals to the comprehensive debate by an informed partition i.e. faculties which are roughly V.C.'s) has already been sent to the Vice- "carrot" of middle management control equal on the basis of weighted student university commumty about how the uni­ and efficiency and the "stick" of economic Chancellor, and has begun to go out to staff versity could better fulfiU it's aims of units, staff, research costs etc. members. necessity in an attempt to coax the Univer­ (2) Each of the new faculties is to be teaching and learning. This would mvolve, sity to accept his proposals. It takes a strong stand against the Vice- of course, considering the merits of alter­ headed by a permanent dean who is to be Chancellor's proposals. It labels his general appointed rather than elected. The deans native proposals... "I favour representative rather than remarks "a mixture akin to the confusion The document says that "such arguments would be selected by a committee which of materials that attends the birth of a participatory democracy", the V.C. told the would be top-heavy with representatives as can be discerned" in the Vice-Chancellor's Union Education Committee on 11 April. planet". On the reorganisation it notes of the higher echelons of power within that "the lack of definition and precision (continued next paga)

SEMPER .univeRSiTV. STAFF RESPONSE (continued) Vice-CIIhancellor makes no reference what­ that a non-democratic governance is relevant groups from the departments right ever to the strong body of opinion since the inconsistent with, frustrative of, the aims of through to the Senate, to initiate precisely that series of wide-ranging debates that the remarks are either "mere assertions", early 1960s that regards the aggrandisement the university. From this stance it takes Vice-(3iancellor has explicitly discouraged. "dubious inferences" from the current of the managerial role ofthe Vice-Chancellor apart the Vice-Chancellor's "deepest assump­ It urges a break with the "present dangerous economic crisis or rhetorical slogans that as a mistaken response to problems of tion . . . that it is a matter of relative in­ don't stand up to analysis - like his increased size. The document quotes to this difference whether basic and important apathy" that makes the changes seem in­ warnings that we must avoid "the tyranny effect from Lord Ashby, that doyen of decision-making within the university is evitable and "discussion to the contrary of the majority" (elections?) by appointing British vice-chancellors. It cites also the democratic or not". futile". Against the present hustle and bustle people of "high calibre", Whal this is and interim report of the current university of Obviously, large issues arc concerned, it recommends the followdng course: who is good at spotting it is not defined, Adelaide committee on reorganisation, and this document argues they should be "Through all its various constituencies though we may well imagine. which, adverting directly to the present fully discussed before an incoherent pro­ the university community should move economic clunate, nevertheless argues for a The subcommittee is dissatisfied with posal "not supported by . . . clear prhi­ gradually towards the structured formation strengthening of the democralic and ciples, arguments or evidence" determines of representative opinion (whether con­ the present "pseudo-discussion". It criticises representative decision-making bodies within the formal of repeated meetings at which for years to come the course of the univer­ sensus or principled differences emerge) on the university. Another recent document is sity. these major issues of internal government." the Vice-Chancellor puts his views and quoted, the Federal Slaff Association body's merely answers questions about points of The document shows by reference to To conclude with an expression of statement on 'The Internal Government of several well-documented wide-ranging and personal feeUng, it seems to me that to do details without arguing the merits of his Universilies":- proposals against other proposals. It totally open debates in the recent past, that otherwise in the face of such an unargued questions the adequacy of merely liaving the present initiative of the Vice-Chancellor and presumptuous nullity as the present individuals write to him their comments ". . . govenunent within universities is a regrettable departure not only from the set of proposals, would be to incur a lasting on his remarks. It argues that this limits should be by representative bodies general tradition of universities but also intellectual shame on this university. the discussion in such a way that, "even with a majority of elected represent­ from "the parlicuiar and immediate tradi­ -DAN O'NEILL though there are twenty, fifiy, a hundred atives and the imiversity community tion of tliis university which has fully dis­ (English Department) meetings, the one set of opinions that should liave access to the deliberations cussed its recent changes", ll calls on all the survives the whole course is that of the of these bodies." Vice-Chauccllor". The result is an "alto­ gether too comfortable, fragmentary, and Anolher aspect of the argument that even rather secretive indulgence in self- is backed by quoting F.A.U.S.A. policy is MOTION TO ABOLISH T.E.A.S. reinforcement" in whicli "the views of that executive officers like deans and depart­ the Vice-Chancellor are assured an arti­ ment heads should be regarded as "respon­ The Liberal Party in Victoria tertiary students; ficial predominance". sible for their electorates, as well as res­ wants TEAS abolished and fees 3. Introducing a system of loans repay­ ponsible lo the higher boards of the reintroduced to Universities, able when a Job is obtained." The document quotes often from written university". All this is in marked contrast according to the Australian Union of statements the Vice-Cliancellor has issued lo the Vice-Qiancellor's views. A.U.S. Education Vice President to the Senate, the Professorial Board and Students. Grahame McCuIloch said the motion came (sonic of them at least) to the academic In fact, though the Vice-Cliancellor is as no surprise. staff, but not to the general body of A document released by AUS said that a contemplating perhaps the biggest change "It's well known that certain sections of students. For example it quotes his question meeting of the Victorian Liberal State ever suggested in the tradition of this the Liberal backbench plus some influential to the Senate: Council on 22 and 23 March passed the university's governance, a change away from media outlets including 'The Bulletm", "Can we develop a betier sense of the following motion: its largely British tradition to a hierarchical and "The Austrahan".are in favour of the University within its constituent parts so American presidential model, there is abolition of TEAS, the introduction of fees that collaborative efforts in research and "That this state conference requests the virtually no coherent argument put forward and the probable mtroduction of a loans teaching can more easily take place and so Federal government to investigate the in favour of it. "Rather he continues to scheme." that there can be a greater sense of unity possibility of: urge non-democratic procedural claims . . . He said the resolution was part of a more as we relate to a relatively indifferent 1. Reintroducing fees in all tertiary supported, if at all, by indirect and passing generalised push to pressure the worid outside?" institutions; suasions" and "unanalysed 'illustration' of Government's into action on these matters. It points out thai this apparent concern 2. Withdrawing all (this includes TEAS) the supposed defects of 'democratisation' current financial assistance schemes to a with fundamental questions of educational or 'total' democracy". He does not even policy and curricular divisions is belied by ARGUE for the supposed and reiterated the following sentence in the report. That superiority of his authoritarian model as a sentence is simply about communication means of response to contracted funding. flow to and from his office, as though one WHERE WILL YOU WORK WHEN YOU could identify the improvement of the He just TELLS us that it is superior. university's basic functioning with im­ Against this confused position the Staff GRADUATE? proved paths to and from Wm. Association argues in detail, from both the Students fortunate enough to be graduating with a useful degree wil be given In this context it is pointed out that the history and theory of university education. a chance to try for a job in the next couple of months. University Careers and Appointments Officer MARION WHITAKER explains how in a letter to final V.C/s PROPOSALS (continued} There is a lack of substantial commit- year students. ment lo student representative in the V.C.'s proposals. While he says he has "no hang­ Will you complete your course this year? debated and only then should change lake ups" aboul student participation, he does Now is the time to take action concerning place. not suggest any means by which students the actual job you will do when you The governing bodies of a university can gain real, rather than token, represent­ graduate. Employers have already started should be open, democratic and consult­ ation. recruiting for 1981. ative. Heads of departments and deans of The Careers and Appointments Service faculties should be elected and be account­ FUND RAISING has invited major employers of graduates - able lo those over whom they have The idea of an office to raise funds for local, interstate and overseas - to visit the authority. Heads and deans should be the University from private sources is very University. Don't miss out on what miglit executive officers only - there lo im­ questionable, particularly if this is seen as a be the ideal job for you because you didn't plement decisions of the Faculty Boards means of relieving the Government of its take the time to be interviewed right here and Departmental Consultative Com­ responsibilities for funding. Private funding on campus. mittees. for research has always been a controversial Each employer will be here for a few Under the V.C.'s proposals, however, issue because outside bodies may attach days during only ONE of the following heads and deans would be appointed rather strings to research money. Even if strings are sessions: than elected and would be accountable to not attached, pressures are still exerted on Monday, 26 May - Friday, 6 June' the higlier echelons only. They would not. the University not to undertake alternate Monday, 28 July - Friday, 15 August be bound by decisions of the Faculty research (e.g. a department is unlikely to Examples of employers coming during phone 377 3839 to make your appoint- Boards and Departmental Consultative investigate the deleterious effects of any ment(s). Committees and would have great powers product of a company which is injecting the first session are Broken Hill Pty. Ltd., the State Public Service Board, Woolworths, If you wish to practice or increase your particulariy in the area of resource allo­ large sums of money into other research skills for the interview, the facilities of the cation. efforts within the department). the Treasury, the Reserve Bank, Altona Petrochemica Co. Ltd., Peat, Marwick, Clareers and Appointments Service are The academic and adminisirative enter­ While the V.C. assures us that students available to you at any time. These include prises should not be separate so that a new should not really be interested m the Mitchell and Co. (Chartered Accountants), and Tubemakers of Aust. Ltd. Details of relevant films, brochures and specific hi­ breed of "Career-Deans" emerges. proposed changes and that we should trust formation on individual organisations from The proposals further complicate and that things will be better for us, we would the full programme will be available after 14 May from: the Careers Reference Library and the reinforce an aheady hierarchical structure like to assure him that we ARE interested detailed booklet "Where Do I Go From by the introduction of a new elite in the in any changes that take place here and Here?" which is full of practical advice. form of the Executive Committee to that we do NOT trust someone who The Careers and Appointments Service, consist of Deans and other super-adminis­ has no faith in democracy. Perhaps the Social Sciences Annexe (located behind "The Job Hunter" - the job vacancies trators. V.C. is modelling himself on our Premier the Social Sciences Building). bulletin - will be published in May and This very powerful committee would who remarked: "It must be admitted the Telephone: 377 3839 August and is also avilable free to all usurp powers of the Professorial Board and Government have a responsibility to protect students. the Faculty Boards. It is not the role ofthe the people against themselves." Interviews are conducted by appoint­ Remember to make your enquiries V.C. to set up parallel committees to the -SOCIAL ACTION COMMITTEE U.Q.U. ment with the employer. Select your pre- between 14 and 23 May to ensure in­ detriment of the existing fornial structure. ference(s) from the programme then tele­ clusion in the interview programme. ^ h^^kM^MU^M^bJ .0V€RS6RS GettingReadyjMMthe Next War

It seems that America learned little from Vietnam. Militarism and patriot­ ism are re-emerging with frightening implications for foreign countries which disagree with them politically. This article examines America's re-assertion Of world political dominance and offers some frightening conclusions about where American jingoism is leading.

•Part 1~ told them: "You reflect all the ideals afterwards reported tears welling up in their of our society." eyes when they thought of those American An American Nightmare boys. Across the "American night" the nation The match was reported in the American f you were empathetic and re­ crowd erupted. They rose to their feet erupted in what Time magazine described press at considerable length and with sponded only to the raw passion and with berserk abandonment began as "a spontaneous, childlike gladness. . .the nation indulged in small orgies of flag waving vitriolic bigotry. Time magazine almost and hysteria, then the mass shouting "U.S.A.! U.S.A.! U.S.A.!" I and anthem singing". At a supermarket equalled Marty Feldman's great satire of the exultation was like Hate Week in One reporter said, "This shows the where the publk announcement system one eyed British sportscaster calling an "1984". But it was only America in superiority of the American Way of blurted out news of the American victory, England-Germany soccer match. ("With 1980, and the U.S. ice hockey team tlie store erupted as bags of cookies, paper machine like precision, the German forward Life" President Carter invited the line goosestep up the field"). Time wrote: towels, and anything handy was tossed into had just beaten the Russians. team to the White House. Before the "When the Soviets returned from inter­ the air with uproarious cheering. One psy­ Inside the Olympic Arena, the match he had visited the players and mission, they came out playing as if they chiatrist told how his patients for days had intimations of Siberia." A terrible passion is sweeping America. And it's not just hatred of Russia. Four ^mn months before, the same blind rage was directed at Iranians! hanians living in America were subjected to death threats, assault, arson and other fonms of harassment. On the 3rd December, 1979, Time maga­ zine published the views of three 'ordinary' Americans on Iranians.

"Willand Hedrick, owner of a con­ hteaiing struction company in St. Louis, has a simple solution for dealing with the Iranians: 'We ought to shoot the . "iForal sons of bitches'. Says Bob Bntbaker. a wheat farmer in westem Kansas: 'I'm beginning to think that we should Showdow either seize their oilfields or destroy them if we can.' Frank McVey, a New York truck driver, would not even wait to see what happens to the hostages. Says he: 'We might as well :|^ write off the liostages; they're going to be killed no matter what we do. We shoukl bomb the hell out of that country so it will be a long time be­ fore anyone else tries the same thing."

Just what the Iranians were trying was never made very clear. The Americans had just given shelter to the Shall who was regarded by the Iranians as a War Crimmal. By allowing the Sliali in, the Americans signalled to the Iranians that they supported War Criminals. The Iranians were asking for In this Time cover, shadowy Iranian mobs have committed the whole world: Stop supporting murderers the cardirwl sin against 'The American Way' - they have set Anli-Afncriccin Mob intch'..r,'( and war criminals. old Glory itself alight. In the background are various anti- Consider the historical experience of the American slogans: - America - Nest of Vipers; America -The Iranian people. In 1953, a brief experiment Mother of Corruption; and the classic KILL THE AMERICAN The U.S. monopoly media presents people who oppose the DOGS. To the American audience for whom this cover is 'American Way' as mindless fanatics. The Iranians have simplywit h democracy and independence was ter­ designed this conveys the image that those who oppose the said to America: Stop supporting war criminals. minated by a CIA sponsored coup. The CIA American Way are violent, unreasonable, sacriltgious craziesi (conttnuad next pma)

SEMPER OV^RS€RS

(continued from previous page) The Iranian secret police received was worried that the nationalistic govern­ generous training and support from the ment was about to nationalise the oilfields. U.S. which also deluged its Iranian client The regime miposed by the CIA became one with arms. When the Iranian people rose in of the terror centres of the world, Martin an astonishing and unexpected demon­ Ennals, Secretary General of Amnesty Inter­ stration of opposition to the Shah, they national, noted that Iran under the Shah had were gunned down with these weapons. the ". . .highest rate of death penalties in The U.S. had other "weapons' it trained the world, no valid system of civilian courts on the Iranian Revolution. Throughout the and a history of torture which is beyond course of events in Iran 'the Free Press' belief. No country in the world has a worse constantly portrayed the Shah as a great record in human rights than Iran." (Quoted 'liberalizer'. in Reza Baraheni, "Persia Today: No Magic The 'saddest aspect of developments Carpet Rides" Matchbox (Amnesty Inter­ in Iran' according to the liberal NEW national) Fall 1976). There was an estimated REPUBLIC was that the Shah was 'not 100,000 political prisoners of the Shah alt repressive enough'. William A. Dorman and subjected to the brutalities of SAVAK. Hisan Omad, in a review of press coverage, SAVAK, the Iranian secret police noted noted "We have been unable to find a single for its sadism and frequent use of torture example of a news or feature story in was set up by the CIA in 1957, and the the mainstream American Press that uses military who ran it from its inception the label 'dictator' to describe the Shah". received "special" training at the marine Iranians who opposed the Shah were base in Quantico Virginia, and received portrayed (visually and verbally) as "fire orienlation programs at CIA headquarters eating", "demagogic", "streaked with in Langley. irrationality".

Part 2 America Will Never Be Destroyed

"America is the strongest and most Social Alternatives, was brought up in prosperous nation in Earth", Nately America and experienced both cultures. informed him with lofty fervour ard "I can remember when I was really young, dignity. "And the American fighting my father telling me that America had never man is second to none." lost a war. Al the time I was really proud "Exactly", ap-eed the old man of that. Of course, it isn't really true. We pleasantly, with a hint of taunting certainly didn't win the war of 1812, and amusement. "Italy on the other hand the Korean war was at best a draw, but is one of the least prosperous nations it's one of the myths Americans have about on Earth. And the Italian fighting themselves." man is probably second to all And . The self unage of America as the that's exactly why my country is mightiest power on Earth, is personified doing so poorly . . . Yes, / am quite in the comic book character, Superman, certain that Italy will survive this war a caped crusader with "powers far beyond and still be in existence long after those of mortal men who came to Earth your country has been destroyed." to fight for Truth, Justice, and the American As feathers fly, the American Eagle (the symbol of American Imperialism) flees Nately could scarcely bdieve his ears. Way". Forever menaced by super-vilUans skyward, shielding its more vital regions with the good ol' Stars and Stripes Forever. He had never heard such shocking hell-bent on his destruction, forever fighting Against this background, NEWSWEEK asks the question dearest to the hearts of the blasphemies before, and he wonder^ evil maniacs who plan to destroy the worid. sabre rattling set: "Has America lost its Clout?" With a few minor alterations (le. re­ placing the eagle with Superman) this would make an admirable cover for a Superman with instinctive logic why G-men Superman is . . . Hubris avoiding Nemesis. comic. did not appear to lock the tmitorous (Hubris is just a town in Texas; Nemesis old man up. "America is not going to is the first chapter of the American Bible). be destroyed!" he shouted passion­ There were other myths, Ralph Summy don't understand America. In view of the thmk America will last?? ately. said. Americans were conduced of the importance both major poliUcal parties attach to the American Alliance, this is "A millhn years?" persisted the JOSEPH HELLER, Catch 22 innate superiority of their own way of life. For this reason they felt impelled to impose dangerous. Because of the American jeering old man with keen sadistic ou've gotta remember, we're it on other people. To Americans, the only Alliance, Australia welcomed the massacre zest. "A half mOlhn? The frog is Australians, we're used to being a fifth people who objected to the American Way of the communists in Indonesia in 1965, almost five hundred million years oki. Could you really say with much cer­ rate power that no-one really cares of Life were people like the Vietnamese, and supported the armed takeover of East Y whose minds were poisoned by Communism, Timor. Dissident forces are simmering in tainty that Ama-ica, with aU its about. It's hard for us to realise what it's bidonesia. Students, the Moslems, anti- strength and prosperity, with its like to be an American, raised with the or the Iranians who were all fanatics. Javanese separatists, and some Christians fighting man that is second to none, certainty that God is on your side and that (During the Iranian crisis. Time explain­ are disillusioned with the brutality, and with its standard of living that is your country is the centre of the worid, ed away the Iranians as victims of "An corruption and economic efficiency of the the highest in the world, will last as "the greatest power on Earth". Ideology of Martyrdom"). Ralph Summy points out that Australians government. The vengeance of a revived tongas,.. the frog?" Ralph Summy, one of the editors of left in our nearest neighbour may be Nately wanted to smash his leering directed at Australia. Like the Americans face. in Iran we may wonder at the reservoir Catch 22 by JOSEPH HELLER RE-OPENING ofhatred directed at us. There are worse scenarios. As the right All roads lead us back to the crune of wing dictatorships of the Phillipines and the century, to General Westmoreland's Indonesia face even greater internal op­ killing machine, to the Vietnam War, when Alternative position, Australia may be involved in a war the mightiest power on earth systematically CfNTROL to protect American investment in those set about 'saving' the countries of Indochina countries. by pounding them to dust. As a resujt Handbook of the U.S. War, over two million WOMEN'S PREGNANCY *** Vietnamese died, over three million were ADVISORY AND ABORTION merica had always seen itself as The wounded, 180,000 Vietnamese were dis­ REFERRAL CENTRE Surveys of 1st and 2nd year subjects New World, pure, innocent, untouched abled and 900,000 children were orphaned. begin in the 10^ week of semester. Aby the sordid inequities of the Old John Rlgcr described a visit to Vietnam This is your chance to have a say World. That dichotomy is brilliantly ex­ in the New Statesman 15/9/78: "Much of Focal Point Arcade "B" about your subjects, lecturers, tutors, ploited in one of the key scenes of Joseph North Vietnam is a moonscape from which 249 Brunswick Street, woridoad, practicals, etc. Fill out the Heller's great novel of the Second Worid visible signs of life - houses, factories, Fortitude Valley. 4006. forms whett they are hatKled around War, "Catch 22". Nately, the 19 year old schools, hospitals, pagodas, churches —have Ph: (07) 521444 in lecturesl airman debates with the degenerate 107 year been obliterated. In some forests there are Helpers are needed. If you're willing old Italian brothel-keeper. The important no longer birds and animals; and there are to help in any way, call to the Education thing, the old Italian says, is not wummg loriy drivers who do not respond to the Resource office in the Unton Building wars, it's knowmg how to lose them. Nately hootii^ of a horn because they are deaf MON. 4-8pm soon. is shocked by this: he says America is the from the incessant sound of bombs." He WED.4«pm If you have suggestrans about which greatest country on Earth; America vnll describes napalm that "conttaues to SAT. 9-12 noon subjects should be surveyed, let us know. never lose a war! Never? the Italian says. smoulder under the skin tissues through Rome fell, Ptersia fell, how long docs Nately (oontinued page 101

8 f ;nv.nj On the Other Hand KJAZPERRY

People have always been intolerant of minority groups. Oppression due to a person's colour, race, religion or whatever have led to vocal pressure groups lobbying for acceptance. Yet one of society's largest minority groups is almost totally ignored. Who cares about left handed people?

Left handed people Who had sought to convict him of heresy have historically been re­ a number of times. Leonardo was shunned garded as mferior, and by some of his friends as gliouUst, and even dangerous. From devil possessed because of his fascination earliest tunes most humans with the human body, and particularly the have had a preference for the use of the sketching and dissecting of corpses. right hand. Li many primitive cultures left handed people have been thought of as devil possessed. Tliis fear led to many A number of more left handers being ostracised as bad modern entertainers were influences, or deified as possessors of magic also lefthanders, including powers and witchcraft. Harpo Marx, Cole Porter, Judy Garland, Charlie Most greetings and salutations are made Chaplin and Betty Grable. Similariy, Paul with the right hand, and to be offered the McCiirtney, Jimmy Connors, Rex Hanison, left hand was an unspoken msult. Even Danny Kaye and Gerald Ford are "south­ today, the right hand is naturally extended paws". Southpaw is a baseball term for m a liandshake, and the left handed person> left handed players, the most famous surely often feels a brief confusion before offering being Babe Ruth. a weaker, right handed shake. Horatio Nelson was also a left hander, Morganastic marriages were know as though he is a ruig-in. He had been right "left handed marriage". Left handed lianded, but he lost an arm in battle and marriage was the joining of a man of high had to change liis preference out of rank and a woman of low rank. The woman necessity. retained her low status throughout life and Probably the most notorious left handed none of the couple's children had any claim person in history was Jack the Ripper, who on the father's possessions. In fact the wife executed his murders with surreal precision. had no claim on her husband's property From that list it is obvious that left other than the Morgangeba, the morning handers can be just as talented, go ahead, gift given to the wife by the husband on the or murderous as anyone else, but few people moming after the consummation of realise the difficulty left handed people have marriage. to put up with in the course of everyday To insult a person by "damning with living. It isn't that bemg left handed is a fault praise" is called a left handed com­ major handicap, but there are a number of pliment, hi swearing an oath the use of the small annoyances which have to be faced left hand was not considered bindmg. Even every day. today, when swearing in a court of law, Writing is the first major difficulty that one raises the right hand or places it on the the left handed child must overcome. bible. While today, most people think of Though the practice is not as widespread as left as the opposite of right, its derivation a few years ago, parents and teachers still is from the Mglo-Saxon 'lef meaning weak, prefer that a child develop the use of the thus the left hand is regarded as the weaker right rather than the left hand. This co- hand. ertion begms when a child is very small. In French the word 'droit' means right. Reaching and grabbing are the earUest skills From this comes the word adroit, meaning a child masters, and a child who shows a dexterous, or manually skilled. This again preference for the left hand may find a shows people's natural preference for the parent pushing things towards the right use of the right hand. The opposite of hand in an effort to encourage its use. 'droit' is 'gauche'. Gauche is not a good Parents try to get the child to feed itself thing to be called, meaning awkward, with a spoon held in the right hand. tacky, and lacking in class. At schools it was common practice to Dexterous is of Latin origm. 'Dexter' is force all children to write with the right Latin for right hand. It's opposite 'sulister', hand. Left handed children would some­ meaning left handed, is even more un­ tunes have their hands tied behmd their pleasant than gauche. backs to enforce right handedness. It is When one sets out to do a job, one puts now accepted by educationalists that this one's "right foot forward". To start with behaviour can cause a child major psy­ the left foot is considered bad luck. Theatre chological problems, including slow learning today. the left hand side of the brain is the more abilily, and in extreme cases, mentfl dis­ tradition says it is best to step from the ri^t dommant, left handed have dominance in foot when 'going on stage in order to have The chief assistance of an important turbance, and regressive behaviour like bed- person is always called the "right hand the right brain hemisphere. The right hemi­ wetting. The policy of forced righthanded- the audienc^ with you during your per­ sphere is generally regarded as the area formance. man". The assistant is regarded as the ness is no longer universally practiced, but hiost effective and trustworthy, and is in­ governing creative or artistic endeavours, some teachers still encourage this be- dispensable as a right hand. In more and it is possible that this has something to Imviour. In our right hand dangerous times the swordsman on the right do with the attitude towards it by right oriented society the posi- handers. Left handed children often find it dif­ of Ills superior could best defend his master. ficult to master manual skills because what tion'>of honour is on the In fact, two of the world's greatest right hand. Clirist sits on they are doing is at variance with their class These attacks on left handers are unfair, artists, Leo nd aro Da Vinci and mates, and they find it difficult to translate the right hand of God and and usually unwarranted. Left handed Michaelangelo were both left handed. In is supposed to be the most favoured person observed action into mirror unages for their people are not partkularly different from fact Leonardo was able to perfect a means own purposes. Teachers tend to spend less in heaven. The angel Satan, on the other anyone else. of writing backwards so as to make his notes tune, or give up on left handers, so their hand, sat on the left hand of God. His pride, unreadable by anyone else, unless they were and quest for power led to his fall to the writing is often poor and untidy. These The reason behind a preference for the refiected in a mirror. This protected his children are further handicapped as they more familiar environs he is said to mhabit left lies in the brain. Where in right handers work from the pryuig eyes ofthe inquisitors (oontinued next poge)

SEMPER > .0V€RS6flS.

The American publk: is entitled, separate statement saying that she would indeed obligated, to explore how good abide by the sphit of the accord. Ahnost impulses came to be tmnsmuted into immediately she put Diem in power in Getting Ready for the Next War bad policies. For we cannot afford to South Vietnam, supplied him with military aid and built miUtary bases in South (continued from page 8) cast out all remembrance of that impulse. Vietnam. the lifetime of the victims"; cities such as benevolence. Watergate, Chile, the reve­ For the fundamental lesson of Viet­ The Geneva Conference resolved that Vuih, bombed so heavily that not even the lations about the CIA, the whole pattern of nam is not that we as a nation are Vietnam should be temporarily divided into foundations of buildings remain. frequent displacement of democratic govern­ intrinsically bad, but rather that we North and South pending nationwide It's not just the Italians; the Greeks ments, the extensive and growing use of are capable of error, and on a gigantic elections in July 1956. Diem and his would have some words for Nately, too. American backers sabotaged his elections. Hubris is not a town m Texas; Nemesis is As President Eisenhower said in his memoirs, not the first chapter of the American Bible. he "never talked or corresponded with In Greek tregedy. Hubris, an over­ anyone knowledgeable in Indochincse whelmuig pride or arrogance, was the sin affairs who did not agree that in any to which the great and powerful were most elections while the fighting was on, possibly susceptible. Hubris was always punished by "To Americans tlie only people who oppose the 80 per cent of the population would have Nemesis, the Goddess of retribution and voted for Ho Chi Mmh as their leader." revenge, the personification of the resent­ American Ml ay are people like the Vietnamese, Helping the people of Indochina decide ment aroused in people by unpunished evil their own form of government and social deeds. whose minds have been poisoned by communism order takes some very strange forms mdeed. The brutal and arrogant attempt to or the Iranians who are all fanatics." In theff book "The Washington impose the American Way on Indochina by Coniiection and Third Worid Fascism", the greatest display of mechanised terror Noam Chomsky and Edward S. Herman ar­ ever unleashed, led to the American defeat. gues with devastating logic and masses of As Richard Dudman of the St. Louis Post documentatMH that the purpose of U.S. Despatch wrote after spending 40 days as global policy is to make the world safe a prisoner of the Communists: "The torture in the U.S. sphere (imprisonment, scale. This is Jhe spirit in which for exploitation by U.S. coiporate interests. bombing and the shooting were radicalising death squads and mysterious disappear­ the post mortem on Vietnam now the people of Cambodia and turning the This has required and continues to require ances"). ought to go forward; not just the the installation and support of brutal countryside into a massive, dedicated and The dominant interpretation of America's absence of recriminatbn, but also the effective rural base. American shells and ndlitary/poUce dictatorships throughout the involvement in Vietnam can be summed up presence of insight and honesty is Third WorW. It also requfa-es an apok)getic bombs are proving to the Cambodians in this quote from the Washington Post: necessary to bind up the nation's beyond doubt that the United States is ideology which portrays this as being in (1975) wounds." waging unprovoked colonialist war against the h^hest interests of democracy and the people of Cambodia." human r^hts. "For in much of the actual conduct »ust what pohcies that the Americans In its 1974 Report on Torture, Amnesty The Vietnam War has been digested by of the war Vietmm policy over the International noted that torture 'Which the American political system with hardly implemented in Vietnam were right years was wrong and misgukled, and defensible? Were they right and "for the last two or three hundred years a trace. Essentially the same people manage even tragic, it cannot be denied that Ji had been no more than a historical national affaus, and possess virtually ex­ defensible in 1954? The year of the Geneva some part of the policy purpose of curiosity had suddenly developed a life of clusive access to the mass media; the critics agreement was signed, an agreement that that policy was right and defensible. stated that no foreign bases were to be its own and become a social cancer". The of the war lapsed, or were forced into Specifically it was right to hope tliat silence. The media did not allow the vast built on Vietnamese soil; that no military same report states that the use of torture the people of South Vietnam would aid should be sent to Vietnam, America accumulation of details about Vietnam to be able to decode their own form of did not sign that accord, but she signed a (continued page 12) disturb the myth of the essential U.S. government and social order.

(continued from disruptive, or even remedial, and are marked scissors mean that left handers almost have • ••A down accordingly. Even on the sports field to use them upside down. Even fountain pen On the Other Hand. previous page) a left handed throw or catch is sometimes nibs favour righl handed use. untidy than right handed children because regarded as wrong, and many schools do not While manual can openers for right tend to position theh hand over written keep catcher's gloves and the like for left handers can be bought for less than a dollar work, instead of beneath and after written of their inability to handle manual tasks. Physical difficulty can give way to psy­ handers. ahnost anywhere, a left handed one is almost words, which is what right handed children Unless 3 child has a resilient nature, impossible to buy in Australia. When it can do. Consequently, their writing is not only chological mability to keep a room tidy, or keep homework in order. Smce domestic understanding parents, or aware teachers be bought it is from a specialist shop, it is untidy but smudged and grubby as well. usually imported from Germany, and it science or technical training are still com­ left handedness can become a very real No matter how academically talented such costs well over ten dollars. Not only that, pulsory for most children, left handed disadvantage to a child. It is very likely a child is, the scruffiness or illegibility that a timid, or pressured child could fail but it is large, heavy, complicated, and not of their handwrituig will be a plague to children may find they score low marks really distinguishable as a can opener at all. because of manual difficulty. Home Craft scholastically for the want of the use of them for the rest of school life. Since the the right hand. lift handers have commented that* they system gives kudos for presentation as teachers tend to "give up" on children who feel as though they are crippled when they much as knowledge, a left handed child are trying to learn to knit, sew or crochet Big Business runs on look at the hardware which is meant to sub­ could be marked under the level of his/ "back handed". the principle of catering to stitute for simple right handed gadgetry. her true worth. It does not take long for Similarly, technical drawuig, wood and metal work teachers may despair of teachmg the broadest, lowest com­ the chUd to begin to believe what the As far as the author knows there is no­ a left hander to cope with the right mon denominator of teacher says, and lose some ot all faith in where for left handers to shop in handed tools of trade. These children people. In this way profit his/her own abilities. Queensland. The only store available is the are often called difficuU, or stubborn. on producing goods by making only a Left handed children are often more certain number of standard types and sixes, Left Hand Shop, at the Rocks in Sydney. and hopuig (or isnisting) that consumers It is small, trendy, and expensive. It does fit into their standardised measures. Any­ serve a very real need for lefties, who would one who cannot fit simply does without. otherwise have to put up with the Environment The rationale is that most people will be uncomfortable compromises they become Save able to use the product, and anyone who used to, but really, the concept of an ex­ Moreton does not is too costly to bother with. pensive left hand shop is stupid. It cannot Book be such a' difficult thing to produce left Unfortunately, those in the too costly handed versions of products, and have them Island basket include left handed people. Large freely and commonly available at retail The State Govern­ manufacturers produce right handed im­ outlets. mo plements by the million, but no left handed Meanwhile, those one m nme of the ment wants to hand nilB total equivalents. population who are left handed will just Moreton Island to ^^^ noienvnrareniara oonservalon - Left handed people commonly have dif­ have to put up with society's right handed UrBTMuructer poAier.bnls. 179 Aim Si tlie sandminers pfaiaa»w*til(WBrs.ijative ficulty using manually operated kitchen prejudice and struggle on as best they can. (guess where the ^swraesJlatiovffSfte. implements, especially can openers, And for those who doubt that left handed profits go? . . . 'ateniatti« fitBstvtes.otc vegetable peelers, and even spoons. The prejudice still exists need only look as far America? - right sunple manual can opener requires a strong as the 1976 edition of the Concise Oxford right arm to turn the handle which controls first time). Dictionary. Under the heading lefthanded the cutting edge. A left hander may liave to it says:— cross arms to use it effectively. Peelers have Help Save Moreton Island. left-ha'nded a. I. Having left hand more Join the Moreton Island the blade positioned for right handed use, Protection Commitlee ($2 and lefties find it almost impossible to use serviceable than right, usmg it by pre­ for students): peelers at all. Similarly, scissors are made ference; awkward, clumsy; ambiguous, in a bewildering array of styles and sizes, double-edged, of doubtful sincerity or Box 238 GPO Brisbane. yet a pair of left handed scissors is neariy validity, (esp. of compliment, also occas. Phone: 221 0188. impossible to buy. The finger holes in of marriage)

10 n^uus. COALITION CHAOS The coalition government is in uproar over the proposed abortion legis­ lation. After attempts to push the Bill through parliament without debate. Liberal backbenchers have forced Cabinet to think again before allowing the Bill to come before the House. KJAZ PERRY reports on the beginnings of another coalition rift which could, at last, see a change in government policies.

Queenslanders have become used to Hinze, and is reported to have called him a iiad no intention of disciplining his maverick in the procurement of an abortion will legislation being pushed tiuough the House slob. Mr. Hinze launched himself at Mr. members, since a free vote on all issues was receive a fourteen year jail sentence with without regard for public opinion, or even Bishop, leaving the hapless Ms. Kyburz parly policy. Over the past week eight hard labour. The woman herslf can be allowing public comment. Beginning with in imminent danger of being crushed by Uberal backbenchers have crossed the floor subject lo seven years hard labour and any­ the sireet march Icgislation, on lo the Mr. Hinze' unquestioned bulk. (Later that lo vote with the Opposition attempting to one providing a woman with means to abort police act and the abortion legislation the evening the amazing Mr. Hinze said he was delay a number of bills including one herself can get tiiree years. The Bill also Bjelke-Petersen governnient has moved not out to attack Bishop, but wanted to concerning controversial Gold Coast Water­ allows doctors medical records to be further and further away from the wishes be a peacemaker. He said "The young lady ways re-development, an issue close to the examined by police. Patients no longer have of its constituents. is an actress"). hearl of Mr. Hinze. privacy. Now il appears the Premier has lost the support of his own government members, The government originally had a clause liberals like Angus Innes and Rosemary preventing pregnant women travelling inter­ Kyburz have been voicing criticism for state to seek abortion. However, Ms. Kyburz months, and are now crossing the fioor to pointed out that tliis was not only the vote againsi the government. The problem ultimate in fascism, but unconstitutional. blew up out of the Liberal policy of guaran­ One wonders whether the tick gates were to teeing a free vote to parliamentarians on all be fitted with on the spot pregnancy testers. issues. The Premier has sought to overrule Dberal policy, and has al lasl come wilhin a hair's breadth of breaking down the The idea of keeping all pregnant women coalition. As Mr. Hinze said himself, il does under virtual house arrest, and constant not take too many Liberals to cross the surveillance lest they try to sneak out the fioor before the governmeni is out of office. stale to terminate a pregnancy must be marvelled at for its sheer draconial gall. Rosemary Kyburz has branded the All sorts of implications arise from the Abortion Legislation "fascist", called the proposed restrictions. One wonders Premier a "hypocrite", feels Hinze has not whether pregnancy will be considered sub­ a "ghost of a chance" of winning Deputy versive enough to qualify for a special Leader, believes that after the next election branch file. Since Queenslanders tend to "the Country Party will not be the senior adhere to the populate or perish idea such party", and took the unprecedented step < •> amendments are truly mindboggluig. of releasing a document to the press before "Mr. Hinze launched himself at Mr. Bishop, leaving the hapless Ms. Kyburz in Pro abortion campaigners have been tabling it in parliament. She also called the imminent danger of being crushed by Mr. Hinze' unquestioned bulk. " fighting the bill for neariy a year now, and Premier a "fascist dictator". know how hopeless it feels to fight a Meanwliile, Mr. Katter of the Nationals government which seems so uniformly at has announced the idea he has for a political Much shaken by the incident Ms. Whal is surprising is that the Liberals, variance with the population on civil party to "mop up" all those people who Kyburz left ihe room, and later told the and indeed anyone who has been interested, liberties matters. Meanwliile the Green­ cannot bring themselves to vote for the ALP waiting press that the government was in has known that the legislation prohibiting' slopes Clinic is continuing to operate. (or, presumably, the governnient) and for danger. She had come into conflict with abortions has been pending for months. In exchange for totaUy banning abortion the Uni. students. The aims, aspirations, Health Minister Knox earlier, for Knox' It is dangerous in that it takes abortion in this state the government is offering or terms of membership of such a party are comments aboul provisions for jail, and from the Health area, and moves it solidly absolutely free abortions to those who "unclear, and pretty unimaginable. liis assertion that there was no clause relating into the criminal code. Protests, news qualify. Since Queensland already has a The events of Wednesday 16th were to termination because of the mothers stories, pickets and campaigns have gone free hospital scheme, the government's outlined by Mrs. Kyburz in an emotional attempts at suicide, Ms. Kyburz said she unnoticed, up until the eve of the bills genorisity, and cynicism is breathtaking. press conference, and on several television thoughl Knox could not read, because passing and only now, perhaps too late, programmes. According to Ms. Kyburz what he said was contradicted by the have the Liberals decided that the public there was discussion in the joint parties expressed words ofthe act. has a right to know what is in il, and the righl lo comment. There is very little hope this Bill will room about the Anti-Abortion Bill, and In a press conference the Premier was not be passed, though it may be delayed, or several Liberals objected. According to visibly angry about the coalition conflict watered down for a while. About the best Ms. Kyburz, the issue of a conscience vole and went as far as to say that he no longer The bill provides only two reasons for that can be said for the situation is the was,raised and the Premier said that llial considered dissenting backbenchers to be abortion. Danger which could lead to death Ubs look like Ihey might, just, be prepared was fine at any other time, but he expected members of the government. He said he had if the pregnancy continues, and manifestly to do something in the future to shake up everyone should vote with the governmeni spoken to Dr. Edwards, Liberal leader, and suicidal behaviour by the expectant woman. the coalition. Maybe. because "I'm sure my boys will". Mr. Bob expected loyalty. No other reasons, even rape or incest, are Bishop got into argument with Mr. Russ Dr. Edwards told the press laler that he permissable. Anyone supplying, or assisting -KJAZ PERRY MOBIIf DI5C0 bfigkenTour Parly

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SEMPER 11 _OV6RS6RS_

target of abuse. In fact it became For example, after the American virtually a matter of dogma in the Revolution, American loyalists' property Getting Ready for the Next War West that the regirne was the incarna- was seized; in some areas the common prac- twn of evil with no redeeming (continued from page 10) tk;e was to tar and feather Tories, 100,000 qualities and that the handful of ioyalists fled abroad (out of a population of as a government sanctioned, Stalinist in Cambodia seemed to be to think of a fanatics who had taken over the two millran). There were "boat people" fvactice had ceased in Eastern Europe. number and then multiply it by two. country were systematically starving too; the largest fleet ever seen m Amerka, "With a few exceptions ... no reports In their second book. After The and massacring the populathn. How 170 ships top heavy with soldiers and on the use of torture in Eastern Europe Cataclysm: Postwar Indochina and the the "nine men at the centre" were refugees set sail in March, "the most tem­ have been reaching the outside world in Reconstruction of ImperiaUst Ideology, able to achieve this feat and why they pestuous month of the year on the American the last decade." It appears as largely a Chomsky and Herman devote 160 pages chose to pursue this strange course of coast" (After the Cataclysm, page 45). Free World phenomenon. Amnesty also and over 400 footnotes to the reporting of "autogenocUe" were questions that The 'boat people' are used to reinforce notes that in Latin America, the high in­ Cambodian events in the Western Press. were rarely pursued. Any scrap of the myth of communist viUany and "Free cidence of political assassuiation over­ They checked sources, read nearly every evidence that wouki contribute to the Worid" benevolence. shadows the use of torture. report, and generally did the kind of work desired image was seized upon (and or the past five years we have been According to Chomdcy's analysis of the Western journalists know isn't necessary regularly amplified) no matter how subjected to a concerted campaign, when you're reportuig cases of nefarious semantics of terror, there are three types of tmreliable the source. Furthermore by the multinational companies, by terror recognised by the Western Press: terror and are supposed to come up with there was substantial fabricathn of P the David Rockerfellers, by the Military atrocities anyway. Chomsky and Herman (1) Benign Terror where no one really evidence." Industrial Complex, by the CIA, in short cares much anyway; hidonesia's genocide found that the Western press used faked photographs, liighly dubious quotations, by Conservative America, to rebuild the in East Timor is a good example of this. A similar bias marks the reporting of and the most doubtful evidence to paint Cold War. (2) Constructree Terror where terror is refugees: the massive fUght from U.S. their picture of "auto-genocide" in The Em phe of Terror trembles: the perceived as good, because it serves backed terror goes unnoticed; an estimated Cambodia. Francois Ponchaud, the main Shah and Somoza have fallen; Marcos is Westem interests. The massacre of 500,000 half million from Uruguay; perhaps 700,000 Western academic source on the Khmer shaky; Central America "has become un­ people who were accused of being com- from Bolivia; 16,000 in one month Rouge, is revealed as an unscrupulous stable"; Nemesis dogs the footsteps of murusts in bidonesia in 1965 is an example (September 1978) from Somoza's terror; cad. They conclude: Hubris. Pressure is building up towards the of this. Australian Prune Minister Harold a quarter of a miUion driven from their next war. Holt was reported by the New York Times homes m West Asia by Israeli troops. The key phrase the Conservatives use as saying: "With 500,000 to 1,000,000 "77K west Ims always assigned all the Instead the media focuses attention on is, "America has overcome the Vietnam communist sympathisers knocked off, I tribulations and suffering of Mochina Indochina where the refugee problem can syndrome": they mean America is getting think it's safe to say a re-orientation has to Communism, while causing a fair be ascribed to communist terrorism (glossing taken place." ready to intervener militarily again. bit of the trouble. TTie problems over the destruction of Indochina by U.S. The myth of American Benevolence (3) Nefarious Terror where terror is used encountered in reconstructing firepower). The problems of reconslmcting has been reconstructed with that most by an enemy state. Cambodia is an ex­ Vietnam after the war have occasioned Indochina after the U.S. war are ignored; cynical of deceptions - Carter's Human ample of this: the general principle followed a kind of gloating delight in the U.S. no attempt is made to put the problem in Rights PoUcy. (Only victuns East of the by the Western Press in reporting atrocities media. Cambodia was a particular historical context. Elbe need apply). The world's worst offender of Human Rights condemns Vietnam and Iran. Amongst the client states it is business as usual. Chomsky and Herman BENIGN TERROR ^ explain:

How tbe U.S. media treats the violence "Arms sales, gifts and training pro- ofaU^.dientstate. gmms continue virtually unchanged, in General policy is to ignore them. This ANOTHER LAND OfFAMINg 1977-78 to the Philippines, South picture from NEWSWEEK Dec. 3 1979 is Korea, Thailand and Indonesia, coun­ one of the few articles to appear on tries with established records of Timor. A recent census has put the serbus human rights violathns; ard population of East Timor at 522,000. This is 130,000 fewer than the previous the cuts to other gross violators on census. Most of the 130,000 have either the U.S. taxpayers' dole have only been killed by the Indonesians or died of involved small amotmts, they have starvation. Relief workers report that also been compromise by continuitig another 300,000 are in a bad to critical deliveries based on unexpended credits state. from the past and the sancthning Compare this silence with the flood of of private sides." articles on Cambodia, where the famine can be attributed to 'commimist terror'. The continuing tragedy of Indochina Note too the difference in the language. The heading for the Timor (caused largely by the U.S. war) is milked article is the neutml 'Another Land of for propaganda lessons on The Iniquities Famine'. The same week, TIME canied of Cbmmunism (read opposition to U.S. an article on Cambodia. The highly business interests). emotive heading is 'Pol Pot's lifeless Some lessons have been learned from Zombies.' John Ftirtu & Son\ LtolPofs Zombies style sittiation arise again We were too In the Timor article, no refugees are kite in recognising the extent of the interviewed: instead we are treatai to the Brcniwashed refugees from a brutal regime subverswe threat. We appreciate now views of Indonesian officials who blame that every young emerging country the starvation on Fretlin and insist that must be constantly on the alert the figures are inflated, any way.. In the watdiing for those symptoms whkh Cambodian article, the only people if allowed to develop unrestmined quoted are refugees and the wildest may grow to a disastrous situatk)n stories are printed as fact. like that which occurred in Vietmm. The TIME correspondents, quite We\e learnt the need for a strong seriously, recount a story about the police force and a strong police in­ Khmer Rouge dashing a child to the grotmd, ripping it open, removing the telligence organisation to recognise Uver and then frying it and eating it. They the emergence of an incipient sub­ are puzzled that when they tell this story versive situatton." to other refugees, they are laughed at! The refugees, they conclude, have been In line with this policy America has been brutalised. building up a rapid deployment force: the aim being that once intelligence has Stripped of the editorial sermonising, the photos speak for themselves. The indicated 'a subversive tlueat' exists, pictures from Timor are more shocking: America vnll have the capability of moving given our govemment's support for up to 10,000 troops into the country within Indonesia's policies, we are more respon­ somethuig like 7 days. sible for the tmgedy. We do nothing. It is The Australian Government has been our sensibilities that are brutalised by asked to provide troops for this rapid titi media bias. Mimr Roue* «oidhMrt «MI CWHUM wlw followed thtm «cr««t bordw deployment force. So far the answer has •Sufferittg the effects of drastic brainwashing, combined with physical hardship and fear. been 'No', but for how long this will remain so is questionable.

->IOHN JIGGINS

12 1 . • H .: .F6RTUR6-

The relationship between humans and sities all over the world. Courses are being other animals has been a subject of established where students examine prac­ philosophy since people began tical issues in the terms of pliilosopliical philosophising. One of the earliest morality. statements of position was the bible. Arthur Preston, who works with the "Every moving thing that liveth shall Animal Behaviour Unit, at the University be meat for you; even as the green herb of Queensland, is engaged in the design have I given you all things" - Genesis 9:3 of cages for battery hens. He said he was The bible gives people leave to use concerned for the welfare of anunals animals and makes a clear distinction but that we should exploit them. He said it between humans and anbnals. was extremely difficult to assess the In the other breedmg ground of Western feelings of animals: whether they were thought. Ancient Greece, there were two liappier in a caged or uncaged state. And factions. Pythagoras seems to have been posed the eternal question: "What is a happy the origmal Animal Libber, largely because chook?" he believed that in animals dwelled the souls of dead men. He was a vegetarian and be­ Mr. Preston said he was also irrUated lieved animals should be treated with by public hypocrisy and inconsistency. With respect. current public reaction to the export of live The more influential movement in horses, people are reacting hysterically not Greek philosophy began with Plato and because these animals are being transported his student Aristotle. Aristotle believed that m outrageous conditions, but because they animals exist for the use of humans. Tliis are being exported as food. belief formed the basis of the relationship Despite inconsistencies; and disagree­ between humans and other animals in ment on the level of commitment necessary, Western society. if one examines the plight of animals it is The attitude of people to animals did not clear sometiiing has to be done. On 28 improve for centuries and at times became November, 1979, Animal Liberation began decidedly worse. The Romans derived great in Queensland. pleasure from watching animals tear each Jacki Batzloff, the secretary of Animal other apart. Liberation outlined the course of action Theologians gave little consideration to being taken by tliat group in Queensland. the rights of animals for centuries. Even The main concern at present is hi the area the original hippy St. Francis of Assissi, of intensive farming. The first projecl is had no problem reconciling his love of chooks. Animal Liberation is trying to stop animals with eating them. St. Francis loved the use of batteries for chickens, where all the worid, even rocks. It was a glorious thousands of laying hens are kept in small gift from God to people. cages in sheds. Instead they want systems of Anunal rights reached an all time low enclosures that hold around 160 hens in the time of Descartes. He believed that allowed to roam around with a shelter shed anunals were automata or machines and for their use. They are approaching the tliat they were incapable of any feelings. •HAfr Department of Primary Industries, and In his time vivissection became common, hope to meet with representatives of the with its practitioners absolved fiom guilt poultry industry. by Descarte's theories. Cries of pain from When that battle is resolved on to pigs. animals were merely meclianical reactions, Of course there is a little dabbling in other not true suffering. issues like transportation of live animals But enlightenment came to a certain and support for the Beauty Without extent, when philosophers like David Hume Cruelty movement. began advocating "gentle usage" of anunals. With intellectual progress came practical Ms. Batzloff was one of the founders reactions. In 1800 a bill was introduced to of the Liberation movement in Queens­ the House of Commons in England to land. Membership is about 170 people, prevent the sport of bull-baiting. It failed, growing. One of the aims of Animal but the movement had begun. ANIMAL" Liberation is to affiliate with groups of Anunals were beginning to achieve their similar interest to form an effective rights, but it wasn't until Darwin published political lobby. die Descent of Man that the great gulf Ms. Batzloff stressed tliat the group perceived between humans' and anunals was trying to achieve its aims tiuough was closed. discussion not militancy. hi modern times the plight of animals "Animal Liberation is nol Miss Piggy has worsened to some extent because of burning her bra". advances in science and population growth. The Animal Liberation movement is Huge numbers of animals are used in LI5ERATI0N gaining ground, but not all its adherents laboratory experiments; and the rearing of take their conuiiitment to the extreme of animals for food has become factory In the light of recent statements from the vegetarianism. Although many people give farming. Cattlemen's Union on the dangers of Animal up eating meat and using animal products Contemporary philosophers have become for moral reasons. concerned with our treatment of other Liberation, ANNE JONES investigated the move­ Heather Graliani from the Vegetarian, animals. A movement to improve the lot of Vegan and Natural Health Society of anunals found focus with Peter Singer's ment and poses the question "What is a happy Queensland said that although there were no book 'Animal Liberation, A New Ethics figure available on the number of people for our Treatment of Ammais'. chook?" that refrain from eating meat, she felt the In his book Smger presents strong and number was growing. The motivation of emotional arguments for supporting equal know how to do it. By comparison, the level of research. Mr. Elliot said that it people changing to vegetarianism, she said, rights for animals. He gives detailed des- the reduction of the suffering of non- is important to examine our treatment of was a mixture of moral and health reasons. .criptions of the treatment of anunals on human animals at the hands of humans animals in terms of justice, to assess the Ms. Graham said that people were not farms and in laboratories. He advocates the will be relatively easy, once human rightness and wrongness of our actions. meant to eat meal, tliat the body is not end of speciesism, a term he coins for beings set themselves to do it." One of the most ridiculous aspects of designed to cope with meat digestively. prejudice in favour of one's own species. human attitudes towards animals is the in­ She said tliat when animals are to be. He argues strongly for vegetarianism, wliich Robert Elliot from the Department of consistency. In the United States a series slaughtered they sense it, and produce he believes is basic to improvement in the PhUosophy at the University of Queensland, of experiments by the Department of adrenalin wliich is poisonous to humans. plight of animals. And that Animal Libera­ said tliat Smger's basic premise was tliat Defence which began in 1961, used beagles tion should take precedence to other issues. humans should stop the suffering tliat td" test the effects of radiation. Tliis caused *** animals have to endure m our treatment an enormous public outcry, forcing the "It is true that there are many prob­ of them. Mr. Elliot explained that Singer is experimenters to switch to rats. The public So Animal Liberation has joined die lems in the workl deserving our time a Utilitarian, and so has a tendency to see is very sensitive to the culling of baby seals ranks of the other movements that strive arui energy. Famine, poverty, racism, the issues concerned with the Hberation of and yet millions of foxes, minks, rabbits to make tliis world better. Pick up an war. Women's Liberation, inflation non-humans as clear cut. Singer believes etc. are slaughtered every year for the Animal Liberation badge to wear in ro­ and unempbyment, the environmetit tliat humans should stop eating meat and clothing industry. tation with all the others. Although one ~ all are major issues, and who can use 'other methods' for experimentation. might sneer at tliis movement, speciesism say which is the most important? Mr. Elliot agreed that while the ex­ Mr. Elliot said that one of the most in­ is rife in our society, and should be elimin­ . . , We have been trying to prevent perimentation on animals could be reduced teresting by-products of the Animal ated or at least reduced. Liberation movement was the mtroduction these things for years, and now we considerably, it would be difficult to stop -ANNE JONES have to ^mit that we really don't the practice altogether without effecting of Applied Philosophy courses In univer­

SEMPER 13

Australias' Hidden Courts

The liberty of tens of thousands of Australians is determined behind closed is to be put back into a children's home The solution to the problems posed by doors in hidden courts. These courts hold session without advocates, without is made in the "hidden court" of depart­ the "hidden courts" is not to make them strict rules of evidence, without the appearance of the party involved, and mental process. It is often a wholly arbitrary like our inherited English courts: rather it is decision by a Child Care Officer or ad­ often beyond public scmtiny. to make theh structure more equitable and ministrator. Almost invariably the child is to develop a new species of advocate able to Hidden courts arc of two kinds: formal hidden court. Under Section 32 of the Qld. not consulted in thai decision-making pro­ assist clients ui negotiating the decision­ and informal. The ideal type of a formal Prisons Act, the Superintendence may hear, cess. Almost invariably the child has no making which affects theu- lives. University hidden court is the Parole Board. Silting determine and impose penalty in various advocate to speak on his behalf in that courses in social-work/law would help, in secret, the members of the board decide matters, including such offences as "making "hidden court". and would afford a welcome balance to the. when prisoners are to be released. In groundless compalints" (Regulation 257), Informal "hidden courts" operate in the commerce-law push with which Australian Queensland, the Board has discretion over More serious matters concerning prisoners prisons in the granting of "remissions" law schools have been so fascinated. 50% of the term being served, and are determined by the Visiting Justice whose which is regarded as a privil^e rather than court is not open to the public {Prisons Act, a right. Up to a third of one's sentence sometimes over much larger fractions of section 33 (8)). may De aetermmed by the prison autiiorities - Matt Foley the prison sentence. In this respect its power Other formal hidden courts include with little accountability to their decision. is at least equal to that of tlie sentencing the Social Security Appeals Tribunal, the Initial decisions about when a person is judge. Aboriginal Courts on Queensland Reserves, "ready" to come out of a mental hospital and the Mental Health Review Tribunal. are similarly made in an informal "hidden It is a curious irony that considerable They all share, in varying degrees, the fol­ court" in Queensland. This is subject to money, expertise and energy is often vested lowing characteristics: appeal. in swaying the sentence of the judge, but 1. the court is closed to the public; All persons with literacy, healtii or little is done (or can be done) to sway the 2. the court does not allow the appear­ educational problems are placed at a dis­ decision of an equaUy powerful sentencing ance of a person's legal representative advantage in dealing with the "hidden authority - the Parole Board. Further, there (and sometimes the appearance of courts". Aboriginal people particularly are is no adversary system within the Board. the affected party itself); affected as they constitute some 30%, of Neither the prisoner nor his legal represent­ 3. there is no effective adversary the population of the prisons and child ative has right of appearance. system; welfare institutions. The rationale of the Board lies in the 4. reasons for the court's decision are belief that what is being dispensed is mercy, not given; not justice. But this is not so. There is evi­ 5. there are no formal rules of evidence. dence to indicate thai judges take inlo Informal hidden courts are even more This article is reprinted from 'SUBJECT account prevailing parole practices in passing secreted from public awareness. For OR CITIZEN', a coUection of papers and their sentences. An unpublished study example, officers of the Department of addresses given at the Fifth National Con­ undertaken by the Western Australian parole Children's Services in Queensland make vention on Civil Liberties (Brisbane, July authorities has found that sentences imposed decisions about how long children are to 1977). Edited by M. McPherson and J. for break and enter offences increased by remain in institutions; where they are to be Riggs, the publication includes essays on 37.8% after parole was introduced. The nett placed on their release; whether a particular civil liberties, police powers, racism, effect was to increase the actual amount of child is to be put into a foster-home or an abortion and mental health. The price is prison time served. (Ruialdi, Parole in institution, etc. For a boy or girl already S5, and orders and enquiries should be Australia (A.N.V., 1974) p. 251). in care and coming up for a court appear­ addressed to: Queensland Council for Civil The Superintendent of a prison in ance, the Children's Court is an irrelevancy. Liberties, P.O. Box 43, St. Lucia 4067. Queensland also operates in the manner ofa The real decision about whether he or she

SUBURBAN PRIVACY IS YOUR Visitors must come to the front door . . . blinds and curtains should be drawn on bedroom windows , . . family activities in the backyard are not PAYROLL meant to be seen by neighbours ... visiting salesmen should not be invited past the front door. These are the house rules for the average D0UCTIOh Australian, according to CSIRO researcher Rick Finighan who has carried out a study of privacy in suburbia. 2 Y6I\RS Mr. Finighan, of CSIRO's Division of Building Research in Melbourne, believes that the study shows clearly that Australians feel that privacy is of considerable importance to the individual. In his survey of four Melbourne suburbs, TIMCS? Mr. Finighan found that"most of the home­ owners regarded their home as being "off stage" - a place where the individual re­ laxes and casts off some of the roles he plays in the community. "Tills is reinforced by closed doors, shut gates, and opaque curtains across windows," Mr. Fmighansaid. Update now! How many pay rises have Contact yo\3r Ctedit Union "Other methods of maintaining privacy you had over the last 2 or 3 years? office for the necessary form included lUtle or no contact with neigh­ rooms, rumpus rooms or family leisure Chances are your savings are falling .... if your not already a behind v/ith what you're now earning. bours, planting trees and shrubs, dogs which areas," Mr. Finighan said. manber join NOW. barked or even attacked strangers, and ap­ Other occupants said that, while they So give your savings a boost land maybe prehension about being seen in the back did not like high fences and walls, many add a little bit more to help compensate yard," he added. had conslriKicd them to prevent people for what you've lost). Update your QUEENSLAND UNIVERSITIES During the survey, 200 homes were looking in from the street, or to restrict Payroll Deduction ... and see how much CREDIT UNION LIMITED jtudicd in the Melbourne suburbs of Glen visibility from the neighbours. more yoii can save. Mr. Finighan, a sociologist, said the REGISTERED OFFICE Waverley, Noble Park, Malvern East and HAWKEN BUILDING Balwyn North. survey revealed that while the need for privacy was wtal to most of the residents UNIVERSITY OF QUEENSLAND Almosi everyone questioned complained ST. LUCIA. QLD. 4067. about some aspect of the design of their in the survey, tlie methods for which this homes, mostly expressing dissatisfaction privacy was obtained sometimes meant Phone: 377 3299/377 2548. with the size oi^service areas. that occupants became lonely in their "About one third of individuals had homes. already made some alteration lo their He added lliat the problem of providing iiomes, and others were plaiming lo make for privacy was only now being faced by changes including the construction o{ play the building industry and the community.

.16 irnrrvj.- .F€flTm^. TO HELL WITH AAORALITY The present day decline in moral values is alarming many church leaders and educationalists. But to philosopher IAN HINCKFUSS, it is a welcome step. He sees morality as an obstruction to happiness, and hopes for a time when churches are abolished and everyone is amoral. In this article he presents the case for scrapping morality, and argues for rational solutions to conflict.

Conflict is not always distasteful RATIONAL RESOLUTION OF to people. Competition is enjoyed by CONFLICT sadists and ego-maniacs who win most of the time, as well as by masochists The rational resolution of conflicts who do not. Even ordinary people involves the co-operation of the parties involved in: enjoy a tussle now and then. But a. sorting out any conceptual confusions conflict can often be annoying. between tittm relevant to the conflict, When people are pulling against one b. finding out the facts of the case another, neither may get anywhere. relevant to the conflict, and If they co-operate both may get what c. if it is still necessary, devismg ways of solving their mutual problem. they want quickly. Conflict can be The object of reqiUrements (a) and frustrating when it comes to satisfymg (b) is to eliminate the possiblity of a dispute desire. continuing when there is no conflict of However, conflicts can be resolved mterests, but merely a belief that there is. without satisfaction. A duel may end a Perhaps over seventy-give per cent of dis- conflict, but leave one person dead and the puates are artificial in this way. Step (c) other maimed for life. Both parties could relates to the work to be done when the liave enjoyed life more if the conflict liad detective work and conceptual analysis been left unresolved. So the question is not have made it clear tliat a real conflict of whether or not conflicts can be resolved interests is at hand. more readily using morality, but whether the I do not argue that if everyone forgot use of morality leads to optunai satisfaction morah'ty, all conflicts would be resolved of the disputing parties. My claim is that in an amicable, rational maimer. There are morality does not do so. no sense of loyalty, no patriotism, no WHAT IS THE ALTERNATIVE? pasaons besides moral feeUngs which can feeling moraily obhged to fi^t for a cause, engender uratwnality in group decision For moral considerations to be useful no sense that the people one was trying to in solving a dispute, all parties must agree Morality inhibits the rational solution of makmg. In particular, there is the fear of kill or subjugate were less worthy of survival conflict because its artificial nature puts losing something for which one feels a on what their moral values and obligations or freedom than oneself or anyone else. are. Or, failing agreement on moral values, an irrational random element into the need - food, clothing, shelter, security, I do not deny there could be war without decision making process. If this is so and il ^o-satisfaction, the company of other they must have a common moral leadership morality. But it would be difficull without — magistrate, priest, parent, school-teacher, the claims made above are true, do we not people, loving and being loved in retiu'n. moral propaganda to get a whole nation need an alternative to morality? Let us turn to (a). The object of this or poUtical leader - whose authority they determined to attack, plunder, slaughter This question reminds one of the person requirement is to ensure that the dis­ are wiUing to accept. Where these conditions and subjugate anotiier group of people. who suggests to the man who is liit ting his putants are not at cross-purposes. For are lackiiig, the dispute may develop into Co-operation has a pleasant sound to it. mouth with a brick that he stops. 'What is example, some woman who styles herself mutual denigiations and by disputants But people can co-operate to do many thmgs the alternative?' the masochist asks, as if as an anti-socialist may believe herself to feeling morally justified in resorting to which disgust or endanger others. In cases stopping were not enough - as if something be in dispute with another who thuiks of sanctions of piiysical violence or even death. of moral disagreement morality tends to else were required. herself as a socialist. During discussion it In this way a moral agent lias an increased, increase the conflict. not a lessened, motive for treathig his op­ Choosing to make social decisions turns out tliat what the first woman means ponent like a dangerous anunal. The without reference to moraUty is not like by 'socialism* is the bureaucratic control desire to punish or seek retribution accom­ Let us turn now to tiie less bellicose choosing to eat an apple rather than a peck of the means of production, distribution panied by moral indignation adds to any situation in wliich the contenders agree on of dirt. It is more like just doing without and exchange; whereas the second means original desire to resolve the conflict their moral values or agree to abide by the the peck of dirt. the democratic control of the means of quickly, if necessary by force. moral rulings of the moral elite whom they Doing without morality is not a positive production, distribution and exciiange. Both both respect. Let us assume they are both cure for all the stresses, strains and con­ turn out to be in favour of the latter and Of course there is no guarantee that moral agents who want above all to do moral agents in conflict will choose the flicts within society; it is just doing without opposed to the former. whatever is right. Then the conflict may be something that is likely to cause more Requirement (b) means the disputants same moral leadcrsliip or share the same quickly and amicably resolved. But will it moral ideals. Hence we have the situation stress and strain than it alleviates. Deciding will co-operate in fmding out the facts be resolved in a way that maximises satis­ to work towards a society with a minimum relevant to the dispute. Someone may in Northern Ireland (unresolved after about faction? four hundred years of violent conflict), of conflict and a maximum of satisfaction believe falsely that an act of which they the sUuation m Lebanon (unresolved after Just because morality can in some cases is another decision. disapprove has or will be committed by about eight hundred years of conflict quickly resolve conflict does not mean Using morality as a device withm the some other person. The simple act of asking between Christian and Moslem - infidel the resolution leads to optimal satisfaction. resolution of conflicts is like usmg a brick what has or will be done usually sets fears and iieathen), the Palestinian Arabs versus Indeed a moral arbitrator may rule that both as a toothpick. If you want to be rid of the at rest. However, the facts might not be the Zionists, the Vietnamese versus the sides have a morai obligation to fight it out. fibre between your teeth and you do not revealed so easily. People may be dishonest Khmer and the Chinese, all the wars of It was not very long ago that men in Europe want broken teeth, then throw the brick about their behaviour if they fear the religion, all the bloodletting of the two felt morally obliged to defend their honour away, and think of how best you can rid resulting conflict will be competitive or world wars - the list goes on. by duelling. Even in this century. Hitler's yourself of the fibre without it. result in vrithdrawal of affection, moral bellicose morality led to conflict between Thmk of any one of these conflicts and Likewise if you want to minimise denigration or imprisonment. Insecurity races. But even where the moral elite are conflict and you do not want widespread begets distwnesty. of how die situation would have been if, opposed to conflict, theh rulings will pro­ by a miracle, moral tiiought could have denigration, guilt complexes, elitism, The approach should be made as a friend, bably displease one and often both sides authoritarianism, economic inequality, not as a potential enemy bristling with been eradicated from the minds of all the leaving the parties with only the artificial agents involved. I, for one, cannot conceive insecurity and war, then tlirow morality accusation, moral indignation or threats. satisfaction of doing what they believe is away and think how best you can resolve of how the conflicts would have proceeded. right. There would have been no sense of duty. conflict without it. (continued next paga)

SEMPER 17 (continued from even where one does not sympathise with TO HELL WITH MORALITY previous pagol MORALITY AND THE FAILURE OF RATIONAL CONFLICT those wants, is more like what is required. RESOLUTION Though if one is not particularly em- Mazafcr Slicrif has stressed the counter- same motivations in wanting the dam not pathetic, one can always ask. But altruism productiveness of casting blame in conflict buik. is wanted for the rational resolution of situations. He says: People may be irrational ui solving their conflicts particulariy where rational methods The way to solve their problems it to conflicts for a variety of reasons including, lead to a stalemate. Cases of stalemate in As a solutbn to inlergroup conflict satisfy their common fundamental desire as we have seen, moral considerations. society would, 1 believe, be rare. Neverthe­ the assessment of bbme is never more (water for their stock), other than via The failure may come about in two ways. less they would be a nuisance if altruism tlmn a first step. Without mutual the secondary desires (dam, no dam) which Firstly, one or both of the disputants may was nol present to ensure that conflicting agreement on this step, the query brought them into conflict. not co-opcratc in solving the problem. parlies came to the mosl satisfying decision. "who's to bkme?" invariable leads Competitive resolution of conflicts results Secondly, even with co-operation from all to a vicious circle of recritnimtions in at most one winner. Co-operative resolu­ concerned, a conflict of fundamental Note how very differently altruism tliat ititensify conflict. tion usually results in everybody being interests may remain. would operate compared with the in­ satisfled. Now some people may think if is an tuition of moral obligations. Altruism Afier the relevant and intended bc- h is not only through fear of moral abuse of morality to use if in conflicls unless would tend to optimise satisfaction. Moral luiviour of all concerned has been estab­ denigration that morality can Inhibit rational all else fails. That is where morality comes intuition could lead lo almost any result lished, the dispute may hinge on the ex­ solution of conflicts. If one party in a inlo ifs own, the claim would be. One could al all. Nor does it make sense to ask people pected consequences. I'or example, grazier dispute can convince the other .that their morally enjoin others to solve conflicts to be altruistic, let alone morally enjoin Joe is worried by plans of grazier Dan to aims are contrary lo a moral principle, rationally, and could use morality if all else Ihem to be altruistic. People are either al­ build a dam on Dan's property. The area then the dispute is resolved at the expense failed. truistic or they are not. It makes sense lo is arid and Joe fears the dam will mean less of one of the disputant's satisfaction. If Let us first examme the moral injunction ask someone to stand up or to say that they water for his stock. But Dan has done his the two parties have different moral to try solving conflicts rationally. As I have have a moral obligation to stand up. But it homework. He has consulted with experts intuitions about which moral principle argued, resolving conflicts rationally entails does not make sense to ask them to be and has figures to prove the water supply overrides which in the given situation, solving them withoui regard to morality. taller or to say Ihey have a moral obligation to Joe's property will not be affected. Joe then there can be an outbreak of morai to be taller. Likewise it does not make sense rests assured. denigration which can only exacerbate So we are being morally enjoined to forget to ask someone to have some desire or the conflict. Tliis is the standard situation about morals in conflicts. The position, if other or to say that they have a moral ob­ not inconsistent, is rather strange. ligation to have that desire. But if there remains a dispute what which prevails with respect fo industrial, political and inlernational disputes. Donald A similar situalion occurs using morality How then, can we get people to be can be done? The first point is Ihat in mosl where conflict remains at a fundamental conflicts of desire, the desires in conflicts Nightingale sums up the matter: altruistic if not by asking them to be so or level afier rational means have failed. If by moralising at Ihem? If psychologists arc secondary. That is, the objects of desire the morals invoked then have any substance, (e.g. the dam) are not wanted for their own When a conflict situation is defined such as Maslow are to be believed, then what why should they not be invoked at any one must do is ensure people are fed, sake, but because they satisfiy a deeper in temis of absolutistic values or in stage of the proceedings? And if there are desire. Conflicting secondary desires may terms of ideological principles, parties clothed, housed and made fo feel secure. times when wc should nol invoke them, Perhaps Maslow's theories need elucidation not mean tliat there is inconsistency have little room to manoeuvre. Beliefs why should anyone believe that there are between desires al a deeper level. Thus about human rights, moral precepts times when they should be invoked? and development and there is a need for grazier Dan did not relish the idea of and uieology cannot be sacrified more research in this area. If we want our building a dam for its own sake. Building a piecemeal to an opponent. There is an ALTRUISM socieiy to be rid of unnecessary conflict, dam is a lot of expense and trouble. He "all-or-nothing" quality to such con­ this is the area in which we should put our wants the dam so he can reliably water his flict situations which makes resolution intellectual efforts, rather than waste our slock and save money. Grazier Joe has the difficult. It is a logical truth that one wants to satisfy one's own desires. But it is a matter time chasing mirages in the deserts of normative ethics. of psychological fact whether those desires include the satisfying desires of someone For those who are sceptical about the else, that is, whether one is altruistic. possibility of increasing altruism in society Altruism Is not so much a matter of sym­ m this way, there is a more self-regarding mechanism which encourages altruism. H«m WAU Wlil ton oo THII WEAIII TOur Meat In motion; pathy, of automatically be affected by the feelings of others - though of course that Everyone soon learns the advantages of NEEDAMIDEAOfCOITI AIH Uil yKlTUDEMT helps. Empathy, the ability to understand receiving co-operation from others. But what the other person is likely to want, such co-operation is unlikely from those ••the adi^anldQei ol out who do not trust us - from tiiose who V TRii^EI. believe we may behave in ways which are ideal arc in lOliD pockctf. AlJIIIIiiU4 detrimental to their interests. Such people Fill in or photocopy the coupon PIW IID will want to distance themselves from us - ttit AullMllMi Union o< tlifd«nli ABOUT THE AUTHOR to put themselves in a position where .our below and we'll send you some actions are less Ukely to have an effect ideas for where you want to go, upon them. If we wish to reverse this the way you want to goi tendency, it is necessary for us to become ..ifl^, trustworthy in the eyes of as many people as possible - to be thought of as people Dear Anne/Margaret, who are likely to act m the interest of Send me some of your ideas oni others. It is this mechanism, rather than moral C Indonesia, Bali (JSingapore, Malaysia, Thailand •injunctions, which encourages us to abide O China, Hong Kong C India, Nepal, Burma by our promises and contracts, to be open DPhilippines, Borneo jpU.K., Europe and honest in our dealings with others and to be predictable and co-operative in our g U.S.A., Canada il? Pacific Islands own behaviour. There is no reason to believe New Zealand, N.Z. ski tours or the same mechanism would not allow us to resolve conflicts rationally withoui appeal The way I like to go is; to morality, if we were given the opportunity to do so. D CJ With my accommodation organized £]With my schedule and tours organized pWith my time & tickets fairly open Acknowledgements: fJ In style, without the usual expense JP Inexpensively, the indigenous way The techniques of rational conflict resolution described here are akin to the NAME techniques used by Gary Malinas, Nicholas ADDRESS POSTCODE Ian Hinckfuss is a lecturer in the Depart­ Syorenyi-Reischl and myself among others, PHONE (Home) (Work) ment of Philosphy at the University of for the resolution of conflicts arising out of Queensland. This article is an edited the detention of the South-Vietnamese I want to leave in the month of returning versbn of Chapter 3 ofa book he hopes to ambassador to Australia by students in the publish soon, "To Hell With Morality". relaxation block at the University of Qld in 0 P.S. I have enclosed a quick note on what I'd like to 1970. Whilst advertising our efforts in that do. Can you tell me how I can save money on my fares so Ian describes himself as 'pretty anar­ regard we met the late Dr. Joan Tully of 1 can spend it on my vacation? chistic' and hopes the book will further the Department of Agriculture at the society's trend towards amorality. He University of Qld who had been using and Send in your coupon to us at Student Travel Aust. Pty Ltd., wants society to operate in a less elitist, . teacliing for many years similar techniques 50 High St., TOOWONG 4066 Qld. autltoritarmn and aggressive manner, atyd which she called 'Change Modelling'. How­ sees the Family Law Courts as an example ever, I do not wish to hold Gary, Nick or of this taking place. Joan responsible for the anarchistic and You can call us on (07) 370 9486 or 370 8056 or, better amoral overtones of the present paper, and stiU, come and see us next time you're around Toowong. of course any errors are my oivnl''

18 How to Survive the Men in Blue

Incidents of police brutality appear to be rife in Brisbane, particularly involving street marchers, homosexuals and others whose beliefs differ from the government's. University Legal Aid Solicitor NOEL NUNAN offers the following advice on how to survive an Interview with the men in blue. In the light of the controversy Tlneaten to by another charge if you don't surrounding the current amendments confess to the Police Act it is perhaps an The usual threat here is "possession of opportune time to look at some property suspected of being stolen" like a marked beer glass or roadworks lamp. This existing police powers and extract is answered simply ui a rented house by some advice for the future. pointed out they were present in the house In April 1977 an amazing document was when you moved in. tabled in the Qld. Parliament in the form of the Report of the Criminal Law Inquiry. IVomise to go easy on you or put in a good The Report was written by Supreme Court woik to the Judge Judge Lucas, ex-police superintendent Don Promises such as these are total hes. Becker, and barrister Des Sturgess. It in­ Even tiiough you might flunk a conviction cluded an extraordinary catalogue of in­ h inevitable the law is highly technical and stances of police abuses of power and found the onus of proof beyond a reasonable that 'verballing' (concocting confessions) doubt is strict so police try hard to establish and 'giving of presents' (planting of in­ your 'intention' to commit the olTence by criminating material like a gun or drugs) getting a statement, preferably signed. were widespread practices witiiin the Qld. Oearly a police interview prior to being police force. cliargcd is not a pleasant experience. For This reflects the experience of every many people cMyblishing innocence is just practising crinunal lawyer in Queensland not worth several hours of virtual physical and is only amazing in tiiat a Bjelke- and psychologic;)! terror. (To-operate and Petersen inspired Inquiry publicly revealed sign on the dolled line for the sake of your the extent police do abuse their existing physical and mcr.iai health. powers. Otherwise say somclhing like this: a differetu story? YOU'K had it now Bul for thcs'." made of stronger stuff Naturally the Report was shelved and in mate, mushrooms for supply, we'll holding oul is well worth the effort when keeping with the precedent set by the police "I'm not guilty of the offence and I say you reckoned you were going to later defending the charge(s) in court. bat toning of a female sludent in 1976, am quite prepared to icU you the sell them to the kids at the Toowong You may ewn be ludiy enough to sustain no investigations of individual incidents whole story, but I am upset now and High School, or better still, the a visible bruise or injury. If this happens cited in tiie Report were carried oul, and I want a lawyer's assistance so I can Brisbane Grammar School. register a complaint with the senior officer named bashers and verballers have since make sure that what I say is not in any at the watchhouse, go imraediafely to your been promoted. misrepresented OIKI tliat I give the This charming approach was used by a doctor or a hospital and insist they note whole story. Please get me a kwyer " well known Qld CIB detective wliile inter­ full details of all pain and inguries, and THE RIGHT TO SILENCE IS viewing a sludeni on a drug charge last finaUy have photographs tidken in both FUNDAMENTAL The police should Ihen co-opcratc and year. It illustrates the physical and some of colour and black and white. In a court of law no adverse inference indeed some do, but a more familiar rcs­ psychological tactics regularly used by police can be drawn from a failure by the suspect ponse is along the lines of the following to extraci a signed confession- to articulate any reason for the conduct in example: Othcr favourite tactics from the police Meanwhile remember: question or explanation of his/her where­ repertoire are more subtle and rely on the 1. You are not obliged to go with the abouts. It is always wise to give your name / can hit you all night without leaving fear of the unknown. police unless you have been fomially and address when requested by police bruises, you dead c. . t, tint's my arrested and you know the charge(s) though they have the power to request this job, I've never left a bruise yet. If Play good guy - bad guy 2. If at home try to tape record the pro­ mformation only under some Acts (e.g. you don't write a fucking state­ A particularly conniving trick used to ceedings. Traffic Act, Liquor Act and Health Act). ment, I'm goiitg to punch your teeth ingratiate the friendly cop into your con­ 3. You have a right to remain S1L£NT. Only in a small number of cases is il so far down your tlvoat, you'll have fidence and convince you that it's best to 4. Ask to telephone a solicitor (check the advisable to talk to police. For example, to shove a tootlibrush up your arse cooperate with him. yellow pages) where police Iiave evidence that property to clean them. Alright smart arse, if 5. Try not to panic or allow yourself to in your possession is stolen. If you give an you want to phy it this way you can, Threaten fo charge a friend if YOU do not be liassled. Taking conscious deep breaths innocent or reasonable explanation - we'll write a statement for you if you admit guilt helps. especially if the price you paid for it was not like. Who do you thmk the magis- This is a clever psychological ploy which 6. Resisting arrest or being abusive does unduly below its value - you may nol be trate's going to believe when we get appeal lo one's sense of heroic self-sacrifice. not help and generally results in further charged or at least you have laid the found­ up there in court and tell a bullshit Don't succumb as they arc invariably charges. ation of your defence on the spot. story and you try to get up and tell bluffing.

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SEMPER 19 • ll " •- — — —--— — - ^ • - fcJTM* •"•' '' • "^—nri

RALLYING ROUND THE FLAG

A decade or so ago, American university students were in the forefront of opposition to The situation prior to the invasi«n of Afghanistan was all in favour of_ the conscription and involvement in Vietnam, With the Soy'iet \nya$\on of Afghanistan;, the Moscow hawks. With the U.S. Senate likdy possibility of conscription and military intervention is once again raising its ugly head, both to vote down SALT II, or to ratify it only at the price of a massive new MX-system; in Australia and the United States. with West European nuclear defense forces The following letter, written by prominent political scientist PROFESSOR CHRISTIAN about to be escalated (and a deaf ear in NATO to a Soviet proposal to reduce BAY of Toronto, was sent to universities across America. The tone of the letter suggests a their nuclear missile strength in Europe instead); and with evidence of increasing swing to conservatism on American campuses. Most notably, debate on conscription appears US-Chinese military collaboration; the to be centred, not on the merits of fighting an oil war in Iran, but about whether or not Russians may well have become increasingly pessimistic about the prospects for peace. women should be conscripted. When the Afghan regime seemed in danger of collapsing, the hawks evidentiy won Editor: the day in Moscow. PRESIDENT CARTER brought But the folks m Washington don't want military leaders conceded their impotence: A costiy mistake it was, I am sure, and some new faces to Washington, but you to think about that. Just rally around the lives of the hostages could not be saved a crime that must be condemned. But a the flag, please. Remember the hostages, by military action. American opinion heinous, unprecedented crime, as Mr. U.S. foreign and military policies and don't ask any questions about our became increasingly furious; it was indeed Carter repeatedly asserts? Not by the are run by the same old crowd. The foreign policy. Above all, don't debate the an unprecedented violation of international standards the American government has folks that gave us Vietnam, and gave draft; instead, debate whether women, too, law to take diplomats as hostages. But set, over the last 30 years. the Somoza dynasty to the Nicara- should be drafted [ Itaiuan opinion, too, was enraged. Un­ If we avoid a wider war until past the American presidential election years are precedented or not, was this crime, without presidential elections, will cooler heads come guans, the shah to the Iranians, becoming more and more dangerous for all the shedding of blood, as heinous as the to prevail? Or will we, and more particularly Pinochet to the Chileans. of mankind. Macho-politics are at a crimes of the shah and his American you, be bogged down in another war in Now they are preparmg to edge us closer premium, especially, as I.F. Stone has accomplices over so many years? East is Asia? Or will some irresponsible jingo even to Worid War III. They want their pawns warned us on many occasions, when the East and West is West... find his way to one of the many nuclear to get ready; they want young people to Democrats are in power, and on the triggers, and do all of us in? register for a new draff,just in case. defensive against right wing Republicans. Then came the Soviet military invasion Much could depend on what American And that is not all. President Carter has As Mr. Waldheim apparently found out of Afghanistan, at the invitation of the students do, or fail to do, in the months announced his readiness to use military in Iran, the hostages could soon have been shaky Soviety-supported regime. and years ahead. force against "any attempts by any outside freed, had the Americans been willing to go Washington's pent-up fury over the Tehran. In the '60s, students were in the fore­ force to gain control of the Persian Gulf along with a U.N .-sponsored tribunal to situation could now be given free vent front of resisting the American crime's in region". God help us all if the Ayafollah investigate the crimes of the shah and his against the USSR. American anti-SALT Indochina. President Johnson conceded expires and feudalism falters in Iran: there American supporters. That was, of course, sentunent could now be appeased by the that the ururest in the uiuversities had much are a lot of young leftists in that country, out of the question. How could the United new Mr. Carter, and the dream of peace, fo do with his decision not to run again, many of them pro-Soviet. States protect the morale of all the other and the hopes for a de-escalating arms and to seek to negotiate for peace in Meanwhile, those great strategic minds oppressive client-regimes, if Washington race, could be thrown out of the window. Vietnam. in Washington are now going to try to now were to be a party to condemning the The stockmarket responded favourable Will the new generation of students wake bolster General Zia's hated re^me in shah? As the shah himself wisely observed, right away. An early end to the recession up and organise a movement to resist the Pakistan with huge shipments of arms. such a tribunal would have far-reaching is now anticipated. Prospects for war always new draft registration before some of you Perhaps you wH! soon be asked to go over consequences. mean a big upswing for arit^ production, will find yourselves killing and being there and help Zia keep his people in line. So the stalemate continued. Even our steel, autos and the many related industries. killed, for no good reason, in Iran or Pakistan or Saudi Arabia? Ironically, the first semi-official American Or do you prefer to debate whether or not reactions to the Soviety mvasion of Afghan­ women, too, should be drafted? istan were almost gleeful. The Soviets were .<^v4!^^.^^ Alternative Books said to have gotten themselves into a Magazines & Comics Vietnam-type no-win situation of their own. But then a total ban on any further mention BHONGS, ROLLING PAPERS of Vietnam would seem to have followed, to allow President Carter to wax indignant and SMOKER'S REQUISITES over this unprecedented act of aggression, which all the world must now condemn. Jewelery.... Posters Rugs... Lampshades... Pottery Over the last 30 years the United States has consistently been the leader in overall BEAUTIFUL IMPORTED and arms expenditures for strategic as well as tactical arms production and deployment. HANDMADE CLOTHING The USSR with its weaker economy has had to struggle to avoid falling too far vm behind, and to repress dissidents harshly 219 Given Terrace. to preserve discipline. It has caught up with IMNMSVVBARI and surpassed the United States in some cAra PADDO weapons systems, but has repeatedly, and Shankara even last year, tried to achieve de-esralating ANNOUNCEMENT agreements. In the USSR, too, there are FRIDAY NIGHT ONLY BOM SANKAR Ph. 362 335 hawks, however, and their infiuence in the Are you lookmg for a Kremlin grows whenever Soviet peace quick nosh? Late Friday BHOLENATH Whoteals •nquiri«s wsloome initiatives are rebuffed m Washington. Night. . . maybe you have just come out of the theatre or maybe you're feeling a bit peckish before the midnight movie starts. 70 High St. We are now taking THE STEREO SPECIALIST orders for grills and hot food until 10.30pm and with TOOWONG coffee and sweets until DISCOUNT PRICED ' 11pm. ph. 371 5977 But please don't just drop in to hang around with your half dozen •TRU^E SPECIALIST SERVICE ' • NO CONFUSION • DISCOONT PRICES stubbies - v/e like to feed people. Wi- ' L isii'M t(i wh.it Y

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20 ^.--^f^Mi'? .'. A'U I UXH I ITTKMI: CHART MANIPULATION AreT(x)40's''H;ped''? Allegations of conuption in the record Are record companies manipulating the top 40 charts to promote thek own charts were compiled. industiy are as old as the gramaphone. records? BRETT DEBRITZ reports. He said that some record bars were not Twenty years ago, the way to make a as rigorous as most in compiling their charts mediocre song a hit was to bribe the disc asked to provide a list of the most sold by all tluee stations. "It's vital to them tliat and consequently, the information they jockey or programme manager to play the singles and albums. These are then assigned we do that," she said. A city store em­ gave was inaccurate. Some staff members tune incessanUy. The technique was called a certain number of points - m the case ployee admitted quite openly that they, too, suffered from "Mondayitis", others over­ payola. of singles, rangmg from forty for the record worked for all tluee radio stations. rated the sales figures for their own favourite In England recentiy, controversy raged with the highest sales fo one for the least songs. Some were bribed by record about the way in which radio top forty sales. (One station works the other way companies with gifts of T-shirts and albums, cliarts were compiled. Record compam"es around), hi the case of suburban stores, were found to be manipulating the charts however, the top angle is awarded only Mr. Geran stressed the importance of by buying large numbers of smgles and thirty poults by 4BK. When the results of the cliarts: "A lot of people walk into a albums at record stores which provided all the stores are added up, the record with m record bar, and the first thmg they do is sales information to the radio stations. the highest number of points is that week's look at a record chart," he said. "A lot of The result was a totally inaccurate picture number one single. stores don't stock records until they're of how the records were selUng. Songs that It's all very efficient and, in theory, not played on the charts". The charts also had were not at all popular suddenly found open to abuse by the record companies. a large uifluence on radio playlists. thek way onto radio playlists. Saturation However, the initial selection of record 4ZZZ announcer Bill Riner said that the exposure led to an increase of sales and bars to survey is determined by the record type of hyping that goes on in the pop more radio airtime. It was a vicious circle. companies themselves. 4BC music director, industry is neither new nor unique to A variation on the theme was th "hype" Ross Meldrum, said that they originally Brisbane. In fact, he said, if was far worse record bar employees by gifts of T-shirts asked the record companies to provide a in the southern states. Most record and albums into providing false information list of their "best" stores - that is, the ones companies viewed Brisbane as a branch to the radio stations. with the highest turnovers. A spokesperson office of Sydney and Melbourne which The technique of hyping still goes on for Festival records said that he was not were the important markets. today. aware that this went on. Harry Geran from He said that it was accepted in music Two "official" top forty charts exist in W-E.A. records said, however, tliat his com­ The radio stations use about twenty cucles for record companies to give albums Brisbane - compiled by staff members of pany had provided a radio station with a list stores in their surveys. The telephone book to radio stations for competition prizes. radio stations 4BC (who promote it as of record stores. lists only fifty entries under the heading In return, the radio stations played tracks "Greg Carey's Top 40") and 41P. The "We recommended to them probably the "Records - Retail", Given the apparent from the album. other major commercial station, 4BK. also top twenty five outiets". He said, however, openness of the shop assistants, it would not "It's accepted that if they give thirty compile a "survey" — but it is not available that he had no idea which stores were be difficult for the less scrupulous com­ records away, the station will play the to the public. actually selected by the station. panies to compile a target list for hyping album. It's an old bullshit way of getting All three stations use the same basic He seemed to be unaware that the operations. promotion," he said. method. THey select about twenty record stations ahvays used the same record shops. Harry Geran admitted that tliis type of However, he said, the practice was not outlets which are supposedly representative An employee of the first suburban record thing went on in the industry, but he denied widespread in Brisbane. of the Bristeine market. Tlicse stores are store SEMPER contacted, said that the that his company was involved. He did voice "It's not really that corrupt in Brisbane," contacted by phone every Monday and record companies knew that store was used a few concerns about the way in which the he said. "It's not big enough for that."

Rock 'n roll is probably one of the perftinctory aspect to the whole Blondie largest sexist phenomenom of Ihe 20th mechanism. century. Up until the mid seventies, rock munc as a serious art form, was almost the total dominion of P.W.P. (people with penises). There are of course many other females The "girlie" singers of the 60's, such as to emerge out of the post-77 period who Jacke DeShannon and the Ronnettes, wiere have created some mnovative music. One always the masks of SvengalNike producers need only look at people such as Lene such as Phil Spector. As such none of these Lovich, Tina Weymouth, Sloussle-Sioux and graups could be considered to be innovative Poly Styrene. forces within music. While the new wave movement pre­ The hippie-cum-flower power revolution cipitated some significant advances for of the late 60's did bring fortii a few female feminist Meals, the disco boom of the same notables such as Joplin and Mama Cass, but time perrad also made some rather regressive their existence vras curtailed through flir­ steps. tations with the various pharmeceuticals Disco saw the return of music to the inherent in the hippie culture. autocratic producer. Giorgio Moroder The early seventies saw the emergence became the Spector of the seventies. Donna of grease rockers sudi as Suzte Quatro. Summer was given some hip respectability However, her act smacked of archaic macho and before you could say "Funky Maaan", stances as well as being die latest puppet countless faceless chanteuses sprung up out on the Chinichap strings. of nowhere with their sterile dance tunes. The first real turning point cane in 1977 with the emergence of the new wave of Disco put women (and men for that music from London and New Yoric. In those matter) on the conveyor belt of mass con­ halycon days of punk mayhem, everybody sumption. Individuality and creativity and her dog took the stage for a three chord counted for zildi in this supermarket of saccharin sweet strings. bash. The roal gains that were made from this Although this was a large step backvrards, it would seem that the latter seventies period only became apparent after the death produced some significant advances for the of the punk movement. However, many of cause of women involved In rock music. the people who were placed under the punk People such as Kate Bush, Deborah Harry banner for a matter of convenience, really WCMEN in ROCK and Lene Lovich et al have proved that had very littie to do with that movement's women can sustain a living out of rode 'n anarchic ambitions. refreshing figure who defied all previous CTUel circumstances. male preconceptions of female beauty. The ambisexual stance of her earlier days roll. ••• was considered by some cynics to be a However, it would be irrational to assume calculated ploy, while the sophistication of that all male biases could be erased from In 1978, we saw the emergence of one One must also consider the impact of her post-"Heart of Glass" period was seen rock music while Robert Plant still stmts Kate Bush. Adopting the stance of a gotfiic Deborah Harry from Blondie. Many as a ritzy move uptown. However, if people the stage in ridiculously tight jeans. Still beauty, Ms. Bush captured the collective feminists seem to place Harry in the same looked below the surfatx of the matter, they the signs are there, and cock rock vyon't hearts of mates and females alice. category as morons

21 SEMPER music Brisbane Sin^ In the past five months, five Brisbane bands have released singles on their tiieir performances they would be better off the local music scene looks much healthier own labels, heralding in a new era in the local music scene. The bands are sellmg some copies because it will be a long than it has in the past. There are twice as The Riptides, Just Urbain, Fun Things, Young Identities and the wait. There were plans for an album to be many live entertainment venues opening to put out featuring most of Brisbane's new the likes of Riptides and other local bands, Body Snatchers, with new bands. Toy Watches and Swell Guys also rumoured wave bands, however these were shelved notably Pips Nightclub and Pinocchios to have offerings out soon. due to lack of interest and money. in the VaUey, which is run by ex-Razar Of the above five, the Riptides smgle, Bu-dman Fiys/Lands and Lipstick), the songs manager John Reid. Hopefully the scene Tomorrow's Tears is probably the most are strong and catchy - a true indication of *** will not fall apart, as has been the case in awaited. The release of the single marked what tiie band is capable of, without tiie the past. a time when the band began to be help of Iggy Pop, Radio Birdman and the These releases have come at a time when -PETER MILLER 'accepted' by promoters and commercial New York Dolls. radio. The new look Riptides features Botii Just Urbain and the Young Andrew Teitch on lead guitar and piano, Identities have recorded follow-ups to tiieir THE CLASH: "London Calling" in place of Alan Reilly who left the band already successful singles. Urbain's first some tune ago. The future looks very bri^t single sold out in three weeks, which is not This album Is a totally 'new product' from a band that has survived the for the boys after being on the fringe for so hard to understand when you consider they long. were only able to afford to press 100 copies, heady days of Punk and k^t its ideals intact. Their new single Everybody Loves Just The local media's reaction has been one This is the most important album for Urbain will be released in two weeks time of acceptance (in most areas) and for the and in larger quantities. The band is re­ them as it represents a change in style and first time it will be played on commercial I think it has worked. The new Clash is here cording an album which will be ready ui a radio and even make the charts. What is couple of months, tentatively called Big so different about this album from the other Time In The Orient. two? Quite simply, the Clash has toned Fellow Shake Music label partners, Young down a bit and jazzed up a lot. Identifies, have just put tiie finishing touches Guy Stevens and the Clash went into to theh new 3-track single titled New Trends the studio and tn a short space of time complete vwth football chants and tiie came up with nineteen songs that they all sundry. Both are a marked improvement on felt were worthy of release. London Calling tiieir last efforts. Urbain even went to the was released as a single with their best white trouble of obtainuig the services of a reggae ever Armegeddon Time on the flip. producer (who failed to f um up in the end), The other seventeen were put on the double but produced themselves in the final mix- album along with London Catling for the down. same price as a single album (roughly), The Toy Watches are rumoured to be so as to not lose any spontaneity and feeling. Which is more than one can say for the seUing only fifty copies in the whole of It was a good move and one that the Clash Fun Things, who are to play for die last tune Australia. The rest are being sent overseas thought they would have to fight tooth on April ISth, only a month after the release to record companies and magazines. Ob­ and nail for. of theh brilliang four track smgle. Although viously they are hoping for a repeat of the Of the 19, there are five gems with complete with suspect titles (i.e. When the Saints style success, although judging on Guns of Brixton being the classic. Written and sung by the bass guitarist Paul Simeon, it stands out as a breath of fresh air in the album. Spanish Bombs and Jimmy Jazz will stand the test of time as will Lost in the Supermarket (sung by the new 'guitar hero' DUNLOP^iBC oftheSO's, Mick Jones). Now you have an indication of what the to stay with the same vengeance, but with a' rest are like, because, unfortunately, the rest A DIVISION OF DUNLOP AUSTRAUA LIMITED (IMCORPORATED IN VKSf"''"^ jazzy feel to it. Now that most of the follow in the same vein, be it for better or barriers have been broken down, we will all worse. They have the same feel and texture hear more Of the Clash and their cohorts. which begins to wear after a couple of weeks, although if you're dedicated it 202 GREY ST. -PETER MILLER doesn't matter. STH. BRISBANE PHONE 44-1626 JOHN FOXX: Metamatic (Metal Beat) John Foxx has finally emerged out of the it is this Bowie clone who owes a debt to smoulders of Ultravox suicide with this fine Foxx. RETREADS CASE''''''''S solo debut. "Metamatic" sees Foxx continuing his This man has finally come of age. He has (FITTING EXTRA) lyrical preoccupations with human aliena­ created an album that fully realises his SpecialWHEEL s tion, but the mayhem of Ultravox's accom­ creative goals. People need not fear the • \A/UPPI paniment has been replaced with an elect­ synthesized eges of "Metamatic". It is an ALIGNMENT 13.75 640/650/878x13 ronic background. This synthesized backing SPECIALISTS $ serves as the perfect foil for Foxx's sinister 13.95 695/C78x14 scenarios. On tracks such as "Metal Beat", the twisting and turning of nuts and bolts FRONT END proves to be a most effective device. $ MOTORS 17.75 165/AR78xl3 With Ultravox, Foxx's creativity was EXHAUSTS often stifled through other band members trying to assert their individual personalities CLUTCH 19.75 175/BR78x13 on the music. This was particularly evident BRAKE $ on their last album "Systems of Romance". However, with "Metamatic" Foxx has taken REPAIRS 21.00 185/ER78x14 control of his own destiny and has channelled his ideas into the right areas. The album does not descend into slow indulgent Instrumentals. It rocks at a suffi­ A GRADE MECHANIC J 14.75 perhr. cient pace, enabling the listener to maintain an active Interest in the music. All the tracks are of about three minutes in length and all serve to give the listener an insight SAVE 's on presentation of this leaflet into the psyche of Foxx. accurate reflection of modern pop trends $ There are going to be tha predictable comparisons between Foxx and hand-me- and helps show that Foxx has his hand on SPECIAL PRICES ON APPLICATION FOR downs such as Gary Numan. But Foxx was the pulse of current musical taste. AUTOMOTIVE ACCESSORIES the oriflinator of the Numan neurosis, and -TONYGILSON

22 TH€Rm6. A Mx/ern Apocalypse

ANGEL CITY: by Sam Shepard, directed by David Bell, La Boite Theatre until 10 May. "Angel City" is a vision of modern an all-encompassing destruction at work apocalypse. There are five characters on a whick cannot be halted. bare stage. It is, we're told, a producer's Sam Shepard is a large, particularly office. Lanx, and his partner, Wheeler - verbal, talent. He has a special talent for the true force behind the project - have explohing the resources of conunon on their hands a fihn in production which language. His characters live through llieir tlueatens to flounder. This is why Rabbit words, the means by which they hold them­ Brown is here. Magician and artist, he is selves together, asserting the imperiled fact required to provide, quite Uterally, a of their existence - to themselves and to us. miracle. It must be, Wheeler demands, The language is not simple; it is constantly "Not simply an act of terror but something shifting focus, mirroring the instability of that will drive people off the deep end. the drama. Often it seems to barely restrain Leave them blithering in the aisles... auto- an underlying frenzy. When finally the destrucfion". Obsessed by the movies, all collapse of the order is irreversible, five are striving towards some unique, dark Shepard's invoctive achieves a searing in­ liappening. It is their way of holding off tensify. the rising corruption in the city outside, a chaos which threatens to engulf their lives; All this, compounded by the difficulties lives. of realizing an authentic American idiom, One of the five, a drummer, is searching place great burdens on actors and director. for a rhythm pattern glmipsed at once The flavour of the American tongue is a before. It was like another order. During the very complex one; to capture it requires play he stumbles upon it without realising great attention to detail. It is not present the fact; he is not to rediscover it. here; af best there is only a generalised The implication is that periiaps there was stage American. Tliis is a problem with an alternative to the existing state of affairs: much of this production. Given a rapidly the "angel city" of the title. But if there was changing language, what is necessary is a possibility of esape from the present then, great precision of timing and the careful like the rhytlun, it is lost. These people are grading of tension. Too often the full locked into their city of angels, but there is impact of the play is denied by a failure to nothing angelic here. fully realise the force of the detail. Bul not. There is a want of real intensity, both There is some energy, enough to give us On the contrary, the encroaching cor­ at the heart of the problem is something vocal and physical, in the acting. As a indication of the salient features of the ruption is made physically manifest: first larger. consequence the play fails to compel as it play. Wliile the play itself is uncommonly Wheeler, then Brown undergo bestial trans­ This is a play in which hysteria is, at should: the comic moments aren't black interestmg: at its best it has a suggestive formation. For the others theh world best only precariously controlled. While it enough, and the truly horrific moments power that is at once exhilerating and deeply splinters. There is an irony in the title, but may not always be fdly present, it must be are blunted. Yet, despite the large im­ disturbing. it's more than that: in tliis town there is felt to be at the heart of things. Here it's perfections tfiis is an imporlant venture. -ALPHA YAP Sunday Night Stardan The Sunday Nights will be a way for and another step on the ladder to super- comedians, actors, musicians and other stardom. talents to gain exposure without the So, if you have an act or want free enter­ intimidating presence of television cameras tainment with Sunday night beer*, come fo and agitated big-time producers. Far from the Cement Box Theatre (Beside Schonell being merely untelevised "New Faces" Theatre) on Sunday May 4 (Labour Day type shows they will give professional and weekend) between 8pm-midnight, and every semi-professional performers the oppor­ Sunday after tliat. tunity fo experiment and deviate from Acts that require technical assistance theh well-lried-and-tested acts. And let's should be there early. If you have any face it; what else can Brisbane offer it's enquiries direct them to Activities, next entertainment-starved citizens on a Sunday to the Creperie, or phone 371 1611, ext. night? 13 and 19, and ask for Lewy. Monetary reward will not exactly be substantial but the act which the audience 'Unlicensed club permit. Only Qld. Uni. students and guests may attend although applauds the loudest will be invited to return performers need not necessarily be Uni. students. the following week for REAL MONEY 0% LaBoiteTheatre ^^ a season of Tive W Sunday nights will never be the same. the Cambridge smokers are exclusively for No more boring nights at home with tele- comedians, Queensland Uni Sunday Mglits visk>n repeating on you. In the perverse will be showcases for any type of perform­ Australian plays traditron of Stairway To The Stars and ance, and any level of competence the Young Talent Time, experimental enter­ performer/s can get away with. tainment comes to brighten up the For the first perfonnance on Sunday ^ May/Octl980 weekend's end, courtesy of the Activities May 4, 'The Fedz" (rumoured to be dis­ department of the University of illusioned ex-Special Branch members from Queen^nd's Student Union. Sydney trying to make it in the punk-rock scene), will make a half-hour guest appear­ The department is busily preparing a ance. The Union Jug Band, featuring a noted series of "smokers". According to members Student Union Executive, will play students $11^50 # of the Cambridge Footlights "smokers" are revamped rock 'n roll from the fifties and part of the British system of exposmg new sixties. Other acts will include the Verandah talent, informal gatheririgs where anyone Band and the Carl Mann Jug Band, plus FOR DETAILS PHONE can get up and put on an act. Although several comedy acts. #. LaBoileThecrtre **'" 57 Htit St., Brtibine 361 1622

SEMPER 23 -Film THE ELECTRIC HORSEMAN: Directed by Sydney Pollack, starring Robert who is kliosyncratk; enough to resist any­ When producer Ray Stark approached one's definjtk>n. Robert Redford with the story, Redford Redford and Jane Fonda; Forum Cinema. indicated his eagerness m accepting the This film is about the battle each other. It is not a film where the director role and when he learned who Ws leading between corporate interest and in­ Steele intends fo turn Rising Star loose (Sydney Pollack) has allowed the narrative lady would be, he became even more dividual integrity. Sonny Steele in the wilderness and Hallie helps him to to be typically American, by questioning enthusiastic. acliieve this aim. Together they elude the (Robert Redford) a five-times the commercialism that the country suffers The role a!k)ws Redford to draw on his law and after a long trek across the mag­ acting resources more than perhaps any­ champion rodeo cowboy, promotes from; its essential interest lies in the fact nificent grandeur of Utah, arrive at the place that it succeeds in recreating life. thing he has done until now. It proves that a breakfast cereal, but to do this he where Rising Star is set free. The Electric Horseman represents a deep he has come a long way from "Barefoot needs to be drunk most of the time. This action is not only approved but also concern about the quality of personal life, in the Park". The corporation he works for wants applauded by people, right across the that presages a return to more gentle themes. Hallie Martm's insousiance and cool are to team him with another champion, a country. Ironically, sales figuresofth e cereal It can be regarded as an indiWdual's search accurately portrayed by Jane Fonda. Both former race-horse, and to miUc this reached an all-time high and the corporation for a sense of distinct identity instead of characters are believable. Audiences, sophis­ combination for all its worth. announces dropping all charges against hving in the false mould of the mythical ticated or not, will be able to link up with Sonny realises the horse is on steroids Sonny Steele. cowboy, created for him by advertising. them; they newl an outlet for their empathy, to cahn him as they go through their This is to give Ihe bare bones of the film, Much of the film's expressive force' which they brought along with them. routine together. This includes the gaudy, without any mention of its overall ex­ comes from its use of colour. There are This film is a simple one, effectively told. light-bulb studded western outfit which cellence. changes of the overall colour of the scenes Everything about it proves that in the realm Sonny wears, complete with the compulsory This film is remarkable for its dorectness through effective blending of the many of cinematographic art, one does not need packet of breakfast cereal. and understated simplicity. It is also remark­ different hues, especially in the location to rely upon scepticism or complexity to The cash nexus is the door tliat brings able for the perceptwn and precision with shots. make a successful film. this character into the worid of corporate whkh it describes an individual character, The acting is competent throughout. -STEFAN LIPOVICH thmking and also under its exploitative commercialism. TIME AFTER TIME: Balmoral and Gaythorne Cinema. When the corporate executives ask him Time After Time is a must for those the Ripper back to 1893 and face his stars as H.G. Wells; he is very logical, packed what he thinks of the race-horse, he tells who are into the good old style suspense punishment. with action and answers, quiet and very them: "He is an amazing animal, but he (unlike Alien etc.), as well as for those who Glad of an excluse to take a glunpse af cute. doesn't belong in a Las Vegas parking lot". like comedy, and even clever dialogue. what he expects to be Utopia, Wells soon Jack the Ripper played by David Warner This shows Sonny's concern for the animal All this and an enthralling plot are the finds himself disillusioned and bewildered. has some sort of sinister magnetism about and he comes up with an effective solution. makings of an excellent movie, which His first experience of the hardened him. He mounts the horse during the show at amazingly enough has been grabbed up world comes when he hopes to sleep m a And the leading lady, Mary Steenburgen Ceasar's Palace and rides out onto the stage by suburban cinemas only. church one nighl, the minister says: "Sorry, is a mousy voiced Dianne Keaton act alike, and continues riding, out of Las Vegas The screenplay is based on a story by we're closed now". but very appropriate for the role of a itself. He simply disappears. Kari Alexander and Steve Hayes which Wells whnesses violence and inequality liberated woman ui the 1970*s, about to be The response from the corporation is develops from the idea that H.G. Wells among men (persons?) and as the Ripper reduced to the level of a 'ripped up' 1890's predictable. One of the reporters covering who had built a workable Time Machine, tells him, realises he hasn't progressed for­ prostitute. the event is Hallie Martin (Jane Fonda), was friends with a Dr. Stevenson (alias ward but has gone back thousands of years. If you feel like seeing a movie which who realises that if she finds out where Jack The Ripper). Apart from these "deep" exchanges, leaves you thinking, see Tune After Time, Sonny is hiding, she will have an exclusive After committing a number of gruesome fhere are many lighthearted moments. it beats most of the movies showing in story. butcher style murders, the Ripper, on the Can you imagine a nmeteenth century man town. When she does find him the inevitable verge of being found out by the 'Bobbies', being descended on by a crowd of delirious Student concessions available, even on happens. In spite of his brusque manners takes off with Wells' Time Machme inlo chanting Hare Krishnas? Saturday nights. he is a sensitive, caring person and Hallie 1979, where he happily resumes his hobby. Casting too plays a great part in the -LYNDALL WHITE and Sonny develop a strong attraction to Wells follows him in an attempt to bring realism of the movie. Malcolm McDowell

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•24 !}Hjmi P06TRV. JK Staterrjent of Responses will have a complete collection of A DRANSFIELD YIELD: Michael Dransfield. VOYAGE INTO SOLITUDE; Dransfield's published poetry. These are ed. Rodney HaU. Aust: Univ. Qld. Press, 1978 (S4.95), and THE SECOND end-poems; the closure to the life ofa poet. MONTH OF SPRING: ed. Rodney Hall. Aust: Univ. of Qld. Press, 1980 (S5.95). In April, one weekend, after visiting Two others, much earh'er and collected/organised by Dransfield: THE fellow poets and friends, Rodney Hall INSPECTOR OF TIDES, and STREETS OF THE LONG VOYAGE, (both and Robert Adamson, Dransfield was in­ by the same press and selling at S2.50). volved in an accident and drive off tiie micKacl dransfield road by a car. He suffered after effects: head injuries, reading difficulty/writing THIS IS NOT PUBLICITY. THIS IS A is quite another case. These poems belong difficulty, for much of the time in a STATEMENT OF RESPONSES. to 1972". depressed state, and eventually emaciated. Not long after the accident, he was stabbed Be interested in the poet because he is a several limes by an unknown man. He spokesman, an Australian and a voice of contracted pleurisy and double pneumonia, the New Left (whal there is of it ui spent several weeks in a coma, and died. AustraUa). I read Dransfield's poetry be­ Michael Dransfield died on Good Friday, cause he was a contemporary of mine and 1973. wrote about the issues wluch concerned Dransfield wrote of liis own works: me. 1 am stunned by his work because he expresses liimself shockingly, and I learn Needing to speak. Just tlutt. Even if more by being shocked. no-one listens. Dransfield is sometimes very very Saying something to drive bagk for a pubhc. Sometimes he is private. After second the immense silence. ' ravishmg the social side of experience he "Sonnet "/Voyage into Solitude retreats into a quieter, protectively private worid of his own. He reflects upon the since my last booty of his social forays. Much of his accident poetry is the product of tliat reflection: april it is a public product of private observations infact on his own previous public interactions. I'm The Second Month of Sprii^: only stating the obvious. I was disturbed more by these poems I write The popularity of Dransfield's poetry because I was aware that Michael Dransfield cannot revise can be attributed in part to the public nature was dying while he was writing them. That they also sen'e of it. It is often a personal demonstration, says a great deal about tliis poet's need to "October elegy for lilt. "/Vie Second Month a personal prosecution against a ravishing voice his observations. Perhaps in this public. collection the poems are more private, more ofSpring intimate. I felt like a voyeur. The poems 1 appreciated reading were: the bible as S'pose you don't like the shock of it all, 1. The citizens group in categories/ then you can read hun as a drug poet, a fiction; the last two on the shore; looking officials wwes, priests, revolutionaries. metaphysical poet, a surrealist poet, a 2. The citizens perform their duties/ for somewhere kind; horrors, the; bi shits romantic poet, a ,. . , others have. Ways of as required/ as trained/ as usual. revisited, and and and ... seeing. "Society"/TIte Inspector of Tules You'd probably like other products of Dransfield's life. The volumes arc worth THIS IS NOT PUBLICITY. how many children buying - you won't be paying for tiie poetry, you can't. It will mean that you starving -KEVIN JOHNSON take the skulls down from the Christmas tree YOUNG WRITERS 1979: ed. Barry O'Donohue (Valley Creative Arts Centre, a gUmmer of hope. For these writers to fully come into theh own they must devise yr opera is over 1980) ($3.50) their own topics to write about ibr pub­ chairman POEMS FROM THE AGE: selected by RA Simpson (Melbourne: Hyland lication, even if these set pieces are usefid but the malady lingers on House, 1979) ($5.95) in teachmg them to handle more difficult "services to literature"/The Second Month subjects. ofSpring The Umversity of Queensland has If that sounds a negative start, let me The final section of the book presents state now that it is dhected more at Mr. us with two one-act plays, and in my You'll find that sort of blunt accusation just released the second of its post­ opinion these make the book worth every throughout his work. humous Michael Dransfield O'Donohue than those writers whose works he presents in these pages. While none of cent of its cost. We are not, however, told John Tranter in his edition The New coUections, The Second Month of anything about these two young play­ Australian Poetry (wliich is selling for a the writers can be hailed as a brilliant young Spring. Although that volume is not find, some do present good work. wrights. Their biographies are among those mere $1335 - check to see if the poets are which appear to have gone missing . . . getting the royalties before you buy it - included in this review, 1 feel the need I fail to see, however, why Margaret I've got a sneakmg suspicion that they don't to draw attention to it in relation to Diamond should rate seven pages of poems «*« get so much) lists Dransfield's "best" poems Barry O'Donohue's Young Writers when others, such as Andrew Leggett and as: Bum's Rush; Fix; Parnassus Mad World; 1979. Mr. O'Donohue, while perform­ Rowland Diysdale, whose poems are of a Memoirs of a Velvet Urinal; The City higher standard, rate only two pages. Again, While Young Writers 1979 is a readable ing a very worthwhile and no doubt Theory; Epiderm; Minstrel; Endsight .and I feel the blame could fall on Mr, anthology (despite the criticisms levelled others. Harry Hezeltine in his Pengum time consuming task, begs us excuse O'Donohue's shoulders, but perhaps these at it in tliis review), it is restricted to anthology of Aussie poets, reckons that some of the workmanship in his writers did not care to submit more material. Queensland. We mustn't forget, though, that Epiderm and Ground Zero are worth selections on the grounds that the Another poet who stands out for ima- our writing is judged in a world outside this reading. You won't find any of those poems writers are ofa tender age, and cannot ^native enterprise, as well as her youth (at state as well, and in that wider fidd there 12 she's the youngest represented) is Andrea are surprisingly few Queenslanders visible, in the volumes Voyage Into Solitude and be expected to write as mature Second Month ofSpring. Prince, who outstrips some of the older although the number is grovwng. What do I reckon" about his products adults. The example of Michael contributors in sheer inventiveness, even if edited by Rodney Hall (an Australian poet Dransfield, who several contributors she does owe a debt to Lewis Carrol. In Poems From The Age, R.A. Sunpson and a close friend of Dransfield's)? cite as an influence on their writing, The short story collection presents a collects what he feels to be the best poems published by The Age (a Melbourne news­ In Voyage Into Solittide I think he does not appear to have rubbed off. different kmd of problem. Of the four gets into a religious phase which he ex­ stories included, three deal, at various levels paper for those too provincial) between Dransfield wrote his best, his most of competence, with the problems faced the years 1967 and 1979. It is remarkable presses in Surrexit dommus; Vespers; Notes mature, poems when he was the age of for an inquest; The harvest is past; and by old people in retirement homes. This how many poems considered as classics of PSahn. 1 was shocked most by Wme fasting; these 'young writers' (the oldest smacks of an exercise given these young the time first appeared in the pages of Duet (I wanted to be part of it); dear listed in the incomplete biographical writers, along the formula: here's a topic, The Age. This book, in collecting work Charles; Lonely as a cloud; On hearing the details is 25. Dransfield died at the see what you can do with it. from a wide range of writers over an ex-, tended period, is a good introduction for first poet m spruig, and, and, and. . . . age of 23, three years after the pub­ Creative writing cannot be taught this way, even though our education system someone nof yet familiar vrith the scope Rodney Hall states "Voyage mto Solitude lication of his first book which con­ brought together poems from the years seems to preclude any alternative. The of Australian poetry. 1967-71 ... The Second MonUi of Spring. tained his best known poems). results, at best, are only exercises showing -CORNELIS VLEESKENS

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CX 1211:5 YEAR BATTERY LIFE* « 3 year guarantee Uqukl crystal display (It's fc)ig and visible in daylight) Automatic on-off system with Lithium battery means ***^' at least 5 years' battery life •^-v yo 8-digit display • Fully addressable memory Square root. Percentage key fillj^ Separate clear-all/ctear-keyboard key Comes in handy wallet case Means replacement battery FREE if required within $14.85 il^^t 5 years of purchase. TAX EXEMPT ® SANYO oi^i 26 ' Tr*| J «•, •'' Theatre, Kelvin Grove CAE. For shops on animation, video, book­ Debussy — Quartet in G minor, Baroona Hall, 17 Caxton Street, NATIONAL FILM THEATRE: PERFORMING further information phone 356 binding, journalism etc. For op. 10. Petrie Terrace. Commences at Screenings of limited release films 7066. further details write to; Media Tickets $7.50 and $6.50; students 7.30pm, admission is $3 and $2 are given by the National Film Workshops, P.O. Box 29, and pensioners $3. for underprivileged persons. Theatre of Australia at the ARTS Bellingen, NSW 2454. ABC PUBLIC CONCERTS: Australian Government VISUAL ARTS Saturday 3 May, Brisbane City Theatrette, cnr. Creek and Ann CAIMERATA THEATRE: Casting Hall. 2nd Red Sub. Orch., Spm. Streets. For further details write Dates for 1980 season — Conducted by Cavdarskl, with MEETINGS YOUNG MASTERS GALLERY: MUSIC to GPO Box 1780, Sydney 2001. "Beckett Trio", Sunday 27th soloist Idil Birot on piano. In the Basement, Brisbane Arcade AUSTRALASIAN UNION OF April 2pm. Cast required: 1 male, Thursday, 8 May, Brisbane Farry from 30 April to 10 May is a 42ZZ JOINT EFFORT: Humans JEWISH STUDENTS: Every 2 females (any age). To be Road Studio. 2nd "Invitation" one-person show by Ken Gailer. and Lemmings at University of Tuesday (10am to 2pm) Relax directed by Wesley Walker, and Orch. "ABC South Bank Scries", 11 May to 20 May, a mixed Queensland Refectorv, St. Lucia. Block Common Room No. 3. play June 6-15 (two weekends). Bpm. Conducted by Cavdarskl, exhibiticn of paintings by leading 9 May, 7.30pm. Admission $5 Danny Weizman: Bachelor of 'The Glass Menagerie", Sunday with soloist Lauris Elms. Australian artists. and $4, 42ZZ subscribers. Social Work from Haifa Uni. is 4th May, 1.30pm. Cast required: SPRING HILL GALLERY: 22 Alcohol available. a field worker for the Austral­ 2 males aged between 23-30, April - 27 April a one person CAXTON STREET JAZZ CLUB: asian Union of Jewish Students 1 female aged between 25-30. show by Wendy Cernak at 12 Every Sunday night at Baroona is in Australia for a year to To be directed by Gary O'Ned, Downing Street, Spring Hill. 30 Hall, 17 Caxton Street, Petrie promote solidarity in the Jewish and play at the Cement Box" April • 31 May is a mixed ex­ Terrace. Starts Spm, admission students movements in Brisbane, July 22-26. $2. hibition of paintings by leading Adelaide and Melbourne, and to CRYSTAL CINEMA, WINDSOR: "Ashes" Sunday, 25th May, 2pm. BRISBANE JAZZ CLUB: Every Australian artists. make available convenient and The Crystal continues its Autumn To t>e directed by Jeremy PHILIP BACON GALLERIES; Sunday night at the Adventurers direct facilities for students to Ridgman and play July 25- season of Memorable Double An exhibition of painting by Club, 1 Annie Street, Kangaroo learn about or visit Israel. General Bills. Each programme is $3.50 August 9. For information please Point. With the Pacific Jazz Men Rodney Milgate from 24 April THE AUSTRALIAN OPERA: information on Israel Tours, and and S2 for students. For details phone Jeremy on 38 5495 (aJi.) and singer Sue Wighton. Starts to 14 May, at St. John's Cathedral 1980 Brisbane Season, at Her Kibbutz Application forms are of programmes ring 57 3708. All castings to take place at the Bpm, admission $2 for members and Philip Bacon Galleries, 2 Majesty's Theatre, 25 April-3 available. GAYTHORNE CINEMA: The AVALON THEATRE, Sir Fred and $3 guests. Every Thursday Arthur St., New Farm. May. Two of Verdi's operas — Gaythorne offers exceUent prices Schonell Drive, St. Lucia. night. Big Band music at the THEOSOPHICAL SOCIETY: Falstaff and La Traviata. For for its double bills of $3, $2 and Adventurers Club with the BJC Meetings are held at 335 Wickham CEMENT BOX THEATRE: 2 further details ring 221 2777. S1 for ZZZ subxribers. For Big Band. Starts Spm, admission Terrace, at Spm. 2 May, Modern Anti-nuclear plays by the Lunch UNIVERSITY MUSIC DEPT: details ring 355 1474. WORKSHOPS $2 members and $3 guests. Views of Divination to be dis­ Box Theatre on 6 & 7 May, Student Recital Series, in the BRISBANE FOLK CLUB: Every cussed by Tom Van Erp, Laurane at 1 pm, admission 50c. Performance Room, Music DOWN TO EARTH; National Wednesday night at the Ad­ Buchanen and Dale Caird. 9 May, LA BOITE THEATRE: "Sisters" Building, 1 May, Andrew Schultz Workshop Gathering, 9-15 May. venturers Club, 1 Annie Street, Applied Theosophy discussed by FAIRS by Robin Thurston on 27, 28 8t (clarinet), Phillip Gearing For details write to Box 16 Kangaroo Point. With 'The Way­ Henry Maassen. 16 May, Dreams 29 April at 5.30 and Bpm. "Angel (piano), Wayne Brennan (violin), Nimbin, 2484 enclosing 30c farers' and guest artists. Start and Their Meanings featuring Dale BROOKFIELD SHOW: 16, 17 City" by Sam Shepherd, Wed. to William Clarke (piano). Works by stamp. Spm, admission S2 members and. Caird. and 18 May at the Brookfield Sat. until 10 May "Yahoo" Poulenc, Finzi, Milhaud. 8 May, TN COMPANY THEATRE $3 guests. Show Ground, Brookfield Road. in the May vacation for the kids. WORKSHOPS: Various work­ Deborah Strong (recorder), MEDIEVAL FAYRE: Monday, 5 5-9 May and 13-17 May at 2pm. MUSICA VIVA AUSTRALIA: shops available for all ages and Bernard Lanskey (piano). Works May at St. Francis College, THE TN COMPANY: "The Im­ Tokyo String Quartet, Saturday level of experience. May vacation by Handel, Berkeley, Liszl. For CINEMA Baroona Road, Milton. Admission portance of Being Ernest" by 26 April at Mayne Hall, workshops are available for further information contact 377 free, come in costume. For fur­ Oscar Wilde until 10 May. Tues. University of Qld, St. Lucia at SCHONELL: The Schonell is children. For further information 2014. ther information contact 208 to Sat. at S.ISpm and Sat. S.ISpm. being over-run by Boy Scouts in ring Margaret Hickey, 52 7559. CAMPAIGN AGAINST 4923 or 343 2423. matinees at Spm. Schubert — Quartet in E flat May with the annual Gang Show. ALTERNATIVE MEDIA WORK­ major, op. 125, no. 1. NUCLEAR POWER BUSH The only showings will be on ORANGE JUICE CO: "Oa Vine SHOP: A week of media magic Beethoven — Quartet in F minor, DANCE: Bale Em Up Bush Band Sunday evenings, for details ring Tarzan" at the Woodward from 9-16 May, featuring work­ op. 95 "Serioso" are performing on 10 May at 371 1879. The Alternative Handbook For the first time in 1979, the University of Queensland Union produced an Alternative Handbook — a student assessment of subjects offered by the university. What is the purpose of the Alternative its main concerns is tliat teaching at this subjects were surveyed. This year the Handbook? There are many purposes. university should be of a higli standard. If surveys will be extended to cover second Firstly, properly conducted surveys of teaching is to improve, teachers need to year subjects, both optional and com­ student opinion can be a powerful force know their strong and weak points. Student EDUCATION pulsory. The 200 subjects with the highest for constructive change. Students are given evaluation can be helpful, because students enrolments in first and second years will the opportunity to express their views are in a good position to judge the class­ With LYN TAYLOR be covered along with 50 extra subjects about assessment procedures, workloads, room style of the teacher, the classroom so that all departments are represented. lecturing methods, tutorials, practicals, environment, the clarity of subject or­ In addition, first and second year external relevance of subject matter etc. ganisation, the fairness and relevance of studenis will receive questionnaires tiuough assessment procedures, and, of course, to charismatic manner, was placed in front of the mail. New questionnaires have been Many students feel intimidated about a group of scientists, social workers, and approaching lecturers and tutors with their express their own evaluation of the course drawn up tliis year with the help of staff content. It should be kept in mind, however, educators, and received liighly favourable members, T.E.D.I., and the Computer feelings about their subjects and the ratings from Ws audience. Alternative Handbook gives them the that student ratings are not the whole story. Centre. Lecturers have been asked to provide Observations made by colleagues and video­ ten minutes from one of their lectures for opportunity to do something other than However, in the case of Dr. Fox, the mutter behind their hands. tape reviews would provide a different and the surveys to be carried out. complementary perspective. teaching situation was higlily artificial and consisted of one short lecture outside the Secondly, the Handbook gives staff Alternative Handbooks are not a new classroom situation, without the oppor­ Surveys commence on 28 April, and feedback, both positive and negative, about idea. Some of the southern campuses have tunity for those present to use reference will run over tlu-ee weeks. Last year about their subjects. Many staff members produced them for four or five years and materials, to check the accuracy and 7,000 questionnaires were completed. I appreciate this and several have asked that they have been around for much longer relevance of the lecture. Students who are hope students will take the opportunity their subjects be included this year. Others overseas. Research on student evaluation is tauglit by someone for many weeks are not again tliis year to make their voices heard. regard the Alternative Handbook as prolific and spans about SO years. But many so easily fooled! Some students vote with their feet by not attending lectures. Their voices will not be threatening and refuse to co-operate in staff members still have reservations about The criticism is often made that students the surveys. Teaching is an ego-involved the validity of student ratings. Some heard unless they are in the lecture theatres cannot judge how good a subject was until when the survevs are done. activity and many teachers dislike being lecturers claim the Alternative Handbook they have been out of university for some evaluated as much as their students. is notiiing more tlian a popularity contest. years or until they are in later years of the The Handbook aims to be as constructive However, a lecturer who receives a high course. Studies by Drucker and Remmers Drucker, AJ. d Remmers. H.H. "Do and informative as possible. Copies of wliat rating for classroom manner does not (1950, 1951) and later by Aleamoni and alumni and students differ in their attitudes is to be printed are sent to lecturers and necessarily receive a high rating for organisa­ Yimer (1974) showed there was a liigh toward instructors?" Purdue University their conunents are invited.' If they so tion or method of presentation. Students correlation between ratings of the same Studies in Higher Educatbn, 1950, 70, desire, their comments are printed with are discriminating and not easily fooled by instructors made by students currently 624. their subject in the Handbook. the good "Showman". enrolled and graduates of several years. Aleomoni, LM. & Yimer, M. "Graduating A third purpose of the Handbook is to senbr ratings relatbnship to colleague *** Graduates' judgements of excellence in help students choose their subjects. Students teaching still appeared to be based on what rating research productivity and academic from 1979 were able to pass on to students they liad observed in the classroom. rank in rating instructional effectiveness such information as whether or not to buy Many staff are fond of citing the "Dr. (RR 352). Urbana II, University of Illinois the textbook, or to take a particular subject Fox Effect" study by Naftulin, Ware, and at Urbana - Champaign, Measurement and as a companion. Donnelly, where an actor ignorant of the Research Dh>isbn of the office of Instruct- As the Union represents students, one of subject matter, but able to teach in a Last year only "optional" first-year bnal Resources, 19 74.

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