Becoming a Creaturekind Partner Community: Basic Overview of Changing Food Policies
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The Use of Animals in Sports
Existence, Breeding, a,nd Rights: The Use of Animals in Sports Donald Scherer Bowling Green State University Against these lines of argument one frequently encounters a certain objection. It is argued that since the animals for fighting, hunting and racing exist only because they have been bred for such human uses, human beings are justified in so treating them. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate this line ofobjection, or to speak more precisely, to evaluate the two distinct objections implicit in this line. For the objection may be either that (l) the present uses of the animals are justified because they are better for the animals than the Standardly, philosophical arguments about the alternative, namely non-existence, or that quality of treatment human beings owe nonhuman animals! rest on two bases. Peter Singer is famous (2) breeding an animal for a purpose gives the for arguing from the capacity of animals to feel pain breeders (transferable) rights over what they to the conclusion that since almost none of the pain have bred. human beings cause animals is necessary, almost none of it is morally justifiable (Singer, 1989, pp. 78-79). I shall pursue these alternatives sequentially. Singer rests his case on the premise that who suffers pain does not affect the badness of the suffering, so The Value of Existence that, without strong justification, the infliction of pain is universally wrong (Ibid., pp. 77-78). Tom Regan is The strength ofthe first form ofthe objection rests on equally famous for his argument that the beliefs and a common intuition comparing the values of existence desires which normal one year-old mammals clearly and non-existence. -
Baby Reindeer Pdf, Epub, Ebook
BABY REINDEER PDF, EPUB, EBOOK Yu-hsuan Huang | 12 pages | 02 Aug 2016 | CHRONICLE BOOKS | 9781452146614 | English | California, United States Baby Reindeer PDF Book Bureau of Education. Alice in Wonderland. Baby Mickey Halloween Costume M. Mongalla gazelle E. Download as PDF Printable version. According to the Igloolik Oral History Project IOHP , "Caribou antlers provided the Inuit with a myriad of implements, from snow knives and shovels to drying racks and seal-hunting tools. It was first domesticated in Siberia and Scandinavia. Finally, the North American caribou has not been domesticated and is generally a wild animal. Because of the continuing decline and expected changes in long-term weather patterns, this subspecies is at imminent risk of extinction. A complex set of terms describes each part of the antler and relates it to its various uses". Restrictions apply. Retrieved 11 October These cows are healthier than those without antlers. However, Geist and others considered it valid. Allen, [Notes 2] [34] [35]. These can, with some certainty, be dated to the Migration Period , although it is not unlikely that they have been in use since the Stone Age. In the winter, the pads shrink and tighten, exposing the rim of the hoof, which cuts into the ice and crusted snow to keep it from slipping. Scotland on Sunday. Choose options. Retrieved 17 December Morris Costumes. Carl Linnaeus chose the name Rangifer for the reindeer genus, which Albertus Magnus used in his De animalibus , fol. Mickey Mouse. The reindeer is the only deer that has been domesticated. Liber 22, Cap. There are dozens of herds of wild caribou in the state of Alaska and their population there is estimated to be more than one million strong. -
Universidade Federal De Santa Catarina Centro De Ciências Jurídicas Programa De Pós-Graduação Em Direito
1 UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE SANTA CATARINA CENTRO DE CIÊNCIAS JURÍDICAS PROGRAMA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM DIREITO GABRIELA FRANZISKA SCHOCH SANTOS CARVALHO THE CONSTITUTIONAL PROTECTION FOR ANIMALS IN BRAZIL AND IN SWITZERLAND: Cruelty, Well-Being and Dignity DISSERTAÇÃO DE MESTRADO Florianópolis 2018 1 Gabriela Franziska Schoch Santos Carvalho THE CONSTITUTIONAL PROTECTION FOR ANIMALS IN BRAZIL AND IN SWITZERLAND: Cruelty, Well-Being and Dignity Dissertação submetida ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Direito da Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina para a obtenção do Grau de Mestre em Direito. Orientadora: Profª. Drª. Letícia Albuquerque Florianópolis 2018 2 3 5 7 To my parents Für meine Eltern 9 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to take this opportunity to thank all those who have supported my work on this thesis and have in some way contributed to it. First and foremost, I express my gratitude to my thesis supervisor, Prof. Dr. Letícia Albuquerque. She has encouraged and accompanied my research from the beginning. Her support, generosity and friendship have been invaluable. Prof. Dr. Fernanda Luiza Fontoura de Medeiros (UNILASSALE), Prof. Dr. Marita Giménez-Candela (Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona) and Prof. Dr. Paula Cals Brügger Neves (CCB/UFSC) composed the Thesis Committee. I would like to thank them for their valuable comments. I also would like to thank Prof. Dr. Everton das Neves Gonçalves (PPGD/UFSC) for presiding the Thesis Committee. I am grateful to the dean of the Post-Graduate Program in Law at the Federal University of Santa Catarina (PPGD), Prof. Arno Dal Ri Jr., PhD, as well as the academic and administrative staff for welcoming me at UFSC, and to Prof. -
Animals As Vulnerable Subjects: Beyond Interest-Convergence, Hierarchy, and Property
\\server05\productn\L\LCA\16-1\LCA103.txt unknown Seq: 1 22-JAN-10 12:35 ANIMALS AS VULNERABLE SUBJECTS: BEYOND INTEREST-CONVERGENCE, HIERARCHY, AND PROPERTY By Ani B. Satz* This Article presents a new paradigm, premised on the equal protection principle, for the legal regulation of human interactions with domestic ani- mals: Equal Protection of Animals (EPA). EPA combines the insights of vul- nerability theorists with the equal protection principle and capability theory to create a mechanism for recognizing the equal claims of human and non- human animals to protections against suffering. Under such an approach, domestic animals—like humans—have claims to food, hydration, shelter, bodily integrity (including avoiding pain), companionship, and the ability to exercise and to engage in natural behaviors of movement. Existing animal welfare and anti-cruelty laws, despite their stated pur- poses, fail to protect animals adequately. This Article identifies the ontology of the problem as interest-convergence, famously described by Derrick Bell in the desegregation context. The privileged (humans in this case) protect the disadvantaged (animals) only when their interests align. Because humans profit economically and socially from the exploitation of animals, interests often diverge. When this divergence occurs, all protections for ani- mals are placed in jeopardy. Unlike protections for other disadvantaged groups, there is no constitutional or other legal floor guarding the basic lib- erties of animals. Interest convergence results in what I term “legal gerry- mandering for human interest,” or the redrawing of the natural baseline of * Ani B. Satz 2009. Ani B. Satz is an Associate Professor at Emory University School of Law, Rollins School of Public Health, and the Center for Ethics. -
CRS Report for Congress
CRS Report for Congress Humane Treatment of Farm Animals: Overview and Selected Issues Geoffrey S. Becker Specialist Environment and Natural Resources Policy Division December 6, 1995 h CRS, 1 Congressional Research Se~iceCne Libmy of Congress I Humane Treatment of Farm Animals: Overview and Selected Issues SUMMARY Animal protection activists in the United States are seeking modifications (or even curtailment) of many practices long considered acceptable and necessary to animal agriculture. Examples include rearing large numbers of livestock and poultry in close confinement; performing surgery such as tail-docking or beak- trimming; housing layer hens in cages; and isolating veal calves in crates. Currently, no Federal law prescribes standards for on-farm handling and care of animals, although two statutes do address the humane transport and slaughter of livestock. A11 States have anti-cruelty laws, which can--but do not always--cover farm animals, Many States regulate the transport and slaughter of farm animals, but few if any address on-farm activities. Recent surveys suggest that most people (and many animal protection groups) still support agricultural uses of animals -- but many also appear to support at least some Government regulation to insure humane treatment. Producers maintain that they understand their animals' welfare needs and address them. They express concern that efforts by poorly informed critics could lead to the imposition of mandatory regulations harmful to producers and animals alike. Support for science, education, and voluntary guidelines are more effective ways of assuring animal welfare, they believe. But many animal protection groups contend that producer efforts fall short, in part because today's intensive farming systems perpetuate standard practices that are harmful to animals' well-being. -
Animal Ethics and Science Fall 2009 – 4:10-5:25 MW – Room 213 Bolton Hall
PHIL 489/689 – Special Topics: Animal Ethics and Science Fall 2009 – 4:10-5:25 MW – Room 213 Bolton Hall Instructor: Gary Varner Associate Professor of Philosophy Office: 309D Bolton Office hours: 12:00-2:00 MW & by appointment Phone: 845-8499 Email: [email protected] Web page: http://philosophy.tamu.edu/~gary/ General description: This course will introduce students to the main philosophical theories in animal ethics and survey the ways scientific research on animal consciousness and cognition informs (or could someday inform) their application to various animals and various human uses of animals. Philosophical theories covered will include animal welfare (utilitarianism), animal rights (rights as “trump cards” against utilitarian thinking), neo-Cartesianism (the view that non-human animals are not phenomenally conscious), and anthropocentrism (the view that non-human animals don’t “count,” morally speaking, even if they are conscious). Philosophers read will probably include Peter Singer, Tom Regan, Bernard Rollin, Peter Carruthers, and Carl Cohen. Related scientific research discussed will probably include all of the following: pain and nociception, mirror self-recognition, language acquisition, episodic memory and autonoetic consciousness, and “using a ‘theory of mind’.” Designed for students majoring in the life sciences, the course assumes no previous exposure to philosophical theories or methodology. Students must, however, be committed to studying alternative theories via reasoned debate informed by the best relevant empirical research currently available and adhering to such usual standards of classroom etiquette as responding to others’ positions in a respectful way, not dominating the discussion, and so on. Prerequisite: Permission of instructor. Course requirements: Letter grades recorded for the course will be based on a weighted average of the following components. -
Living Property: a New Status for Animals Within the Legal System David Favre
Marquette Law Review Volume 93 | Issue 3 Article 3 Living Property: A New Status for Animals Within the Legal System David Favre Follow this and additional works at: http://scholarship.law.marquette.edu/mulr Part of the Law Commons Repository Citation David Favre, Living Property: A New Status for Animals Within the Legal System, 93 Marq. L. Rev. 1021 (2010). Available at: http://scholarship.law.marquette.edu/mulr/vol93/iss3/3 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Journals at Marquette Law Scholarly Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Marquette Law Review by an authorized administrator of Marquette Law Scholarly Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. LIVING PROPERTY: A NEW STATUS FOR ANIMALS WITHIN THE LEGAL SYSTEM DAVID FAVRE* This Article develops the proposition that non-human animals can possess and exercise legal rights. This proposal is supported by the fact that our legal system already accommodates a number of animal interests within the criminal anti-cruelty laws and civil trust laws. To make a more coherent package of all animal-related public policy issues, it is useful to acknowledge the existence of a fourth category of property, living property. Once separated out from other property, a new area of jurisprudence will evolve, providing legal rights for at least some animals. This Article establishes why animals should receive consideration within the legal system, which animals should be focused upon, what some of the legal rights might be, and how the traditional rules of property law will be modified to accommodate the presence of this new category of property. -
The Emerging Policy Debate Over Wildlife Contraception
University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln USDA National Wildlife Research Center Contraception in Wildlife Management Symposia October 1993 Thunder in the Distance: The Emerging Policy Debate Over Wildlife Contraception R. Bruce Gill Michael W. Miller Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/nwrccontraception Part of the Environmental Health and Protection Commons Gill, R. Bruce and Miller, Michael W., "Thunder in the Distance: The Emerging Policy Debate Over Wildlife Contraception" (1993). Contraception in Wildlife Management. 9. https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/nwrccontraception/9 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the USDA National Wildlife Research Center Symposia at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in Contraception in Wildlife Management by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. Thunder in the Distance: The Emerging Policy Debate Over Wildlife Contraception R. Bruce Gill and Michael W. Miller Abstract: Wildlife contraception is only now emerging as a as when, where, and in which circumstances managers will wildlife policy issue It will emerge into a sociopolitical LISP the contraceptive tool. In this context, wildlife environment that is already polarized from a clash of contraception will be regarded as a "mixed bag." Given the ideologies. The wildlife conservation/hunting community nature and potential polarity of the wildlife contraception strives to preserve the status quo while animal welfare and issue, wildlife agencies will have to behave proactively by animal rights activists struggle to change wildlife oroiectina themselves into their future. Currentlv. wildlife management philosophy and practice to conform to their agencie;respond to many policy challenges reactively and respective beliefs. -
The Necessity of the Use of Non-Human Primate Models in Research
THE NECESSITY OF THE USE OF NON-HUMAN PRIMATE MODELS IN RESEARCH Working Group April 18-19, 2017 Johns Hopkins Berman Institute of Bioethics 1809 Ashland Ave Baltimore, MD 21205 CONTENTS 1. GOALS AND APPROACH 2. MEMBERS 3. AGENDA FOR APRIL 2017 MEETING 4. LOGISTICAL INFORMATION 5. RECOMMENDED READINGS A. REPORTS (EXECUTIVE SUMMARIES) B. ON NECESSITY C. ON THE STATUS OF THE USE OF NHPs IN RESEARCH D. THE USEFULNESS OF NHP MODELS 1. GOALS AND APPROACH GOALS AND APPROACH The use of animals in biomedical research continues to be a topic of intense interest as well as a focus of discussion in the scientific community, among government regulators, and by interested groups and organizations. In particular, the use of non-human primates (NHPs) continues to receive intense attention, with both strong defense of the importance of such research as well as fierce opposition to the use of NHPs as research models. The use of these animals also presents some unique ethical issues, particularly in light of more recent studies of animal behavior and cognition that reveal more information about how animals think, communicate and function in social groups. To help address the issues of the use of NHPs in research, we are convening this working group to examine the science, ethics, and policy aspects of the use of NHPs in biomedical and behavioral research and testing, with the goal of identifying consensus findings, conclusions, and recommendations. The focus of the working group will be to evaluate the current and potential future uses of NHP models, drawing on the approach used in the 2011 IOM Report “Chimpanzees in Biomedical and Behavioral Research: Assessing the Necessity” (IOM, 2011). -
Interspecies Sustainability to Ensure Animal Protection: Lessons from the Thoroughbred Racing Industry
sustainability Article Interspecies Sustainability to Ensure Animal Protection: Lessons from the Thoroughbred Racing Industry Iris M. Bergmann School of Geosciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia; [email protected] Received: 20 August 2019; Accepted: 30 September 2019; Published: 8 October 2019 Abstract: There is a disconnect between dominant conceptions of sustainability and the protection of animals arising from the anthropocentric orientation of most conceptualisations of sustainability, including sustainable development. Critiques of this disconnect are primarily based in the context of industrial animal agriculture and a general model of a species-inclusive conception of sustainability has yet to emerge. The original contribution of this article is two-fold: First, it develops a theoretical framework for interspecies sustainability. Second, it applies this to a case study of the thoroughbred racing industry. Interviews were conducted with thoroughbred industry and animal advocacy informants in the US, Australia and Great Britain. While industry informants claim thoroughbred welfare is seminal for industry sustainability, they adopt a market-oriented anthropocentric conception of sustainability and do not consider animal welfare a sustainability domain in its own right. Animal advocacy informants demonstrate a deeper understanding of welfare but some express discomfort about linking sustainability, welfare and racing. Eight analytical layers have been identified in the discourse in the interface of sustainability and animal protection, of which two have transformational potential to advance interspecies sustainability. Interspecies sustainability urgently needs to be advanced to ensure animal protection in the sustainability transition, and to not leave the defining of animal welfare and sustainability to animal industries. Keywords: sustainability; interspecies sustainability; animal welfare; animal agency; anthropocentrism; interspecies justice; relationality; ecocentrism; naturalness; animal advocacy 1. -
Animal Welfare Policy, Emergency Action Plan, and Evacuation Plan for Livestock and Horses
NEBRASKA STATE FAIR Animal Welfare Policy, Emergency Action Plan, and Evacuation Plan for Livestock and Horses Adopted by Nebraska State Fair Board Livestock Committee STATEMENT OF ANIMAL CARE “Animal Rights” vs. “Animal Welfare”! In today’s predominantly urban society, the public’s contact with animals, especially farm animals, is limited. As a result of this separation, both adults and children may be confused about the needs and roles of domestic animals in society. In addition, the number of animal rights groups has increased drastically. The ultimate goal of these animal rights activists is the elimination of all human uses of animals. Some of them even think that animals have humanhood. The Nebraska State Fair is a showplace for animal agriculture and animal care for the state. The Nebraska State Fair considers ourselves animal welfare advocates and requires the humane treatment of all animals on the grounds. All animals and livestock shown, housed or displayed shall receive care that is humane, healthful, stress free and consistent with public expectations. Cruelty, neglect or indifference to animal comfort and welfare will not be tolerated and will constitute immediate disqualification and grounds for removal from the premises. Ample feed and clean fresh water will be provided to all livestock, horses, poultry and other animals consistent with sound animal husbandry practices and with rules and regulations set by the Nebraska State Fair Board. All animals entering the grounds for display or competition must meet all State of Nebraska and Nebraska State Fair Health Requirements. The environment in which animals are kept must be clean and sanitary at all times. -
A Christian Case for Farmed Animal Welfare
animals Article A Christian Case for Farmed Animal Welfare Margaret B. Adam 1,*, David L. Clough 1 and David Grumett 2 1 Department of Theology and Religious Studies, University of Chester, Chester CH1 4BJ, UK; [email protected] 2 School of Divinity, University of Edinburgh, New College, Mound Place, Edinburgh EH1 2LX, UK; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] Received: 30 September 2019; Accepted: 8 December 2019; Published: 11 December 2019 Simple Summary: It is now common to blame Christianity for broader society’s general inattention to the needs and comfort of animals in general, and farmed animals in particular. Critics claim that certain biblical themes and biblical passages form the foundation for an anti-animal position that has influenced Christians and wider Western society. This article concedes that Christianity has often been used to justify exploitation of animals, but argues that it is a mistake to consider Christianity inevitably opposed to concern for animals. It shows that Christians have been advocates for animals, notably in relation to the first legislation against animal cruelty in the early nineteenth century and the formation of the RSPCA. Finally, it proposes a framework for a Christian ethics of farmed animal welfare that could provide the basis for Christian action to reduce consumption of animals and shift to higher welfare sources of animal products. Abstract: It is now common to blame Christianity for broader society’s general inattention to the needs and comfort of animals in general, and farmed animals in particular. This critique of Christianity claims that certain biblical themes and particular biblical passages form the foundation for an anti-animal position that Christianity has imposed on Christians and on wider Western society.