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Dil Limbu.Pmd
Nepal Journal of Science and Technology Vol. 13, No. 2 (2012) 87-96 A Checklist of Angiospermic Flora of Tinjure-Milke-Jaljale, Eastern Nepal Dilkumar Limbu1, Madan Koirala2 and Zhanhuan Shang3 1Central Campus of Technology Tribhuvan University, Hattisar, Dharan 2Central Department of Environmental Science Tribhuvan University, Kirtipur, Kathmandu 3International Centre for Tibetan Plateau Ecosystem Management Lanzhou University, China e-mail:[email protected] Abstract Tinjure–Milke–Jaljale (TMJ) area, the largest Rhododendron arboreum forest in the world, an emerging tourist area and located North-East part of Nepal. A total of 326 species belonging to 83 families and 219 genera of angiospermic plants have been documented from this area. The largest families are Ericaceae (36 species) and Asteraceae (22 genera). Similarly, the largest and dominant genus was Rhododendron (26 species) in the area. There were 178 herbs, 67 shrubs, 62 trees, 15 climbers and other 4 species of sub-alpine and temperate plants. The paper has attempted to list the plants with their habits and habitats. Key words: alpine, angiospermic flora, conservation, rhododendron Tinjure-Milke-Jaljale Introduction determines overall biodiversity and development The area of Tinjure-Milke-Jaljale (TMJ) falls under the activities. With the increasing altitude, temperature middle Himalaya ranging from 1700 m asl to 5000 m asl, is decreased and consequently different climatic and geographically lies between 2706’57" to 27030’28" zones within a sort vertical distance are found. The north latitude and 87019’46" to 87038’14" east precipitation varies from 1000 to 2400 mm, and the 2 longitude. It covers an area of more than 585 km of average is about 1650 mm over the TMJ region. -
Case Study of Rhododendron
Utsala A case study on Uses of Rhododendron of Tinjure-Milke-Jaljale area, Eastern Nepal. PREPARED BY: UTSALA SHRESTHA GRADUATE IN AGRICULTURE (C ONSERVATION ECOLOGY ) DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE IAAS, RAMPUR , CHITWAN FUNDED BY: NATIONAL RHODODENDRON CONSERVATION MANAGEMENT COMMITTEE (NORM), BASANTPUR -4, TERHATHUM , NEPAL MARCH 2009 Table of Contents Abstract ............................................................................................................................................. i 1. INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................ 1 2. HISTORY OF RHODODENDRON ................................................................................ 3 3. DISTRIBUTION OF RHODODENDRON ...................................................................... 3 4. RHODODENDRONS OF NEPAL ................................................................................... 4 5. SCOPE AND IMPORTANCE OF STUDY ..................................................................... 5 6. OBJECTIVES ................................................................................................................... 6 7. METHODOLOGY ............................................................................................................ 6 8. STUDY AREA ................................................................................................................. 7 9. IMPORTANCE OF RHODODENDRON IN TMJ .......................................................... 9 -
National Mission on Himalayan Studies (NMHS) HALF YEARLY PROGRESS REPORT
National Mission on Himalayan Studies (NMHS) HALF YEARLY PROGRESS REPORT (Reporting Period from April 2018 to September 2018 ) 1. Project Information Project ID NMHS/2015-16/LG03/03 Project Title Timberline and Altitudinal Gradient Ecology of Himalayas, and Human Use Sustenance in a Warming Climate Project Proponent Prof. S.P. Singh Central Himalayan Environment Association, Nainital 2. Objectives 1. To characterize and map timberline zone in the IHR using satellite and ground based observations including smart phone applications 2. To determine the temperature lapse rate (TLR) and pattern of precipitation along altitudinal gradients in different precipitation regimes across the IHR; 3. To study plant diversity, community structure, tree diameter changes and natural recruitment pattern along the three principal sites in the IHR; 4. To understand tree phenological responses, nutrient conservation strategies and tree-water relations in response to warming climate 5. To study relationship between tree ring growth and past climatic changes in different climate regime across IHR; 6. To understand the impact of depletion of snow-melt water on growth of tree seedlings, grasslands species composition and selected functional processes; 7. To promote participatory action research (Citizen Science) on innovative interventions to improve livelihoods, women participation in conservation and management of timberline resources. 3. Progress Quantifiable Deliverables Monitoring Progress made against indicators deliverables in terms of monitoring indicators 1 2 3 Creation of database and • No of long • Three long term monitoring knowledge products on term (LTM) sites/ plots established vegetation science and tree- monitoring in 3 states (Uttarakhand, sites/ plots soil water relations of Himachal Pradesh and established timberline in 3 principal sites in 3 states Sikkim) (J&K, Sikkim and (Nos.) • Spatial data on timberline of Uttarakhand). -
PROCEEDINGS International Conference RHODODENDRONS: CONSERVATION and SUSTAINABLE USE Saramsa, Gangtok-Sikkim, India (29Th April 2010)
PROCEEDINGS International Conference RHODODENDRONS: CONSERVATION AND SUSTAINABLE USE Saramsa, Gangtok-Sikkim, India (29th April 2010) Forest Environment & Wildlife Management Department, Government of Sikkim June 2010 PROCEEDINGS International Conference RHODODENDRONS: CONSERVATION AND SUSTAINABLE USE Editors Anil Mainra, Hemant K. Badola and Bharti Mohanty Editorial Advisory Board Shri S.T. Lachungpa, India; Prof. Wolfgang Spethmann, Germany; Shri K.C. Pradhan, India; Mr. M.S. Viraraghavan, India; Prof. Lau Trass, Netherlands; Dr A.R.K. Sastry, India Published by Forest Environment & Wildlife Management Department, Government of Sikkim, Gangtok, Sikkim, India Citation: Mainra, A., Badola, H.K. and Mohanty, B. (eds) 2010. Proceeding, International Conference, Rhododendrons: Conservation and Sustainable Use, Forest Environment & Wildlife Management Department, Government of Sikkim, Gangtok- Sikkim, India. Printed at CONCEPT, Siliguri, India. P. 100 (The contents, photographs and any published materials in all technical papers, abstracts and presentations are sole responsibility of the authors) Contents Page From the desk of the convener 5 Objectives of the International conference 6 Inaugural session 7 Inaugural Address by the Chief Guest, Hon’ble Chief Minister of Sikkim 11 Address: Shri Bhim Dhungel, Hon’ble Minister, Forest, Tourism, Mines and Geology and 16 Science & Technology Keynote address by Shri K C Pradhan, Former Chief Secretary, GoS 19 Address: Shri S T Lachungpa, PCCF-cum-Secretary, FEWMD, GoS 22 Welcome Address: Dr. Anil Mainra, Addl. PCCF & Convener, FEWMD, GoS 25 Programme 28 Technical Papers 30 Rhododendrons in Germany and the German Rhododendron gene bank - W. Spethmann, G. 31 Michaelis and H. Schepker Diversity, distribution and conservation of Indian Rhododendrons: Some aspects - A.R.K. Sastry 36 Finnish experience on Himalayan rhododendrons: climate responses - O. -
Rubiaceae, Ixoreae
SYSTEMATICS OF THE PHILIPPINE ENDEMIC IXORA L. (RUBIACEAE, IXOREAE) Dissertation zur Erlangung des Doktorgrades Dr. rer. nat. an der Fakultät Biologie/Chemie/Geowissenschaften der Universität Bayreuth vorgelegt von Cecilia I. Banag Bayreuth, 2014 Die vorliegende Arbeit wurde in der Zeit von Juli 2012 bis September 2014 in Bayreuth am Lehrstuhl Pflanzensystematik unter Betreuung von Frau Prof. Dr. Sigrid Liede-Schumann und Herrn PD Dr. Ulrich Meve angefertigt. Vollständiger Abdruck der von der Fakultät für Biologie, Chemie und Geowissenschaften der Universität Bayreuth genehmigten Dissertation zur Erlangung des akademischen Grades eines Doktors der Naturwissenschaften (Dr. rer. nat.). Dissertation eingereicht am: 11.09.2014 Zulassung durch die Promotionskommission: 17.09.2014 Wissenschaftliches Kolloquium: 10.12.2014 Amtierender Dekan: Prof. Dr. Rhett Kempe Prüfungsausschuss: Prof. Dr. Sigrid Liede-Schumann (Erstgutachter) PD Dr. Gregor Aas (Zweitgutachter) Prof. Dr. Gerhard Gebauer (Vorsitz) Prof. Dr. Carl Beierkuhnlein This dissertation is submitted as a 'Cumulative Thesis' that includes four publications: three submitted articles and one article in preparation for submission. List of Publications Submitted (under review): 1) Banag C.I., Mouly A., Alejandro G.J.D., Meve U. & Liede-Schumann S.: Molecular phylogeny and biogeography of Philippine Ixora L. (Rubiaceae). Submitted to Taxon, TAXON-D-14-00139. 2) Banag C.I., Thrippleton T., Alejandro G.J.D., Reineking B. & Liede-Schumann S.: Bioclimatic niches of endemic Ixora species on the Philippines: potential threats by climate change. Submitted to Plant Ecology, VEGE-D-14-00279. 3) Banag C.I., Tandang D., Meve U. & Liede-Schumann S.: Two new species of Ixora (Ixoroideae, Rubiaceae) endemic to the Philippines. Submitted to Phytotaxa, 4646. -
List of Vascular Plants Occurring Along the Jomokungkhar Trail and Their Abundances
Appendix 1: List of vascular plants occurring along the Jomokungkhar Trail and their abundances. Study Plots Family Scientific Name Habit Voucher 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Monilophytes Davalliaceae Araiostegia faberiana (C. Chr.) E. Fern 2 K.J1, K.D, T.G. 178 Ching Dryopteridaceae Polystichum sp. T. Fern 2 K.J, K.D2, T.G. 176 Hymenophyllaceae Hymenophyllum polyanthos L. Fern 2 K.J, K.D, T.G3. 174 Bosch Polypodaceae Lepisorus contortus (H. Christ) E. Fern 2 K.J, K.D, T.G. 173 Ching. Phymatopteris ebenipes E. Fern 1 K.J, K.D, T.G. 177 (Hook.) Pic. Serm. Prosaptia sp. E. Fern 2 K.J, K.D, T.G. 179 Eudicots Araliaceae Panax pseudoginseng Wall. Herb 1 K.J, K.D, T.G. 185 Asteraceae Anaphalis adnata DC. Herb 2 K.J, K.D, T.G. 129 Anaphalis nepalensis var. Herb 1 K.J, K.D, T.G. 150 monocephala (DC.) Hand.- Mazz. Anaphalis sp. Herb 2 K.J, K.D, T.G. 86 Cicerbita sp. Herb * K.J, K.D, T.G. 183 Cremanthodium reniforme Herb * K.J, K.D, T.G. 159 (DC.) Benth. 1 Karma Jamtsho 2 Kezang Duba 3 Tashi Gyeltshen 156 Appendix 1: List of vascular plants occurring along the Jomokungkhar Trail and their abundances. Study Plots Family Scientific Name Habit Voucher 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Ligularia fischeri Turcz. Herb 7 K.J, K.D, T.G. 127 Parasenecio sp. Herb 3 K.J, K.D, T.G. -
The Red List of Rhododendrons
The Red List of Rhododendrons Douglas Gibbs, David Chamberlain and George Argent BOTANIC GARDENS CONSERVATION INTERNATIONAL (BGCI) is a membership organization linking botanic gardens in over 100 countries in a shared commitment to biodiversity conservation, sustainable use and environmental education. BGCI aims to mobilize botanic gardens and work with partners to secure plant diversity for the well-being of people and the planet. BGCI provides the Secretariat for the IUCN/SSC Global Tree Specialist Group. Published by Botanic Gardens Conservation FAUNA & FLORA INTERNATIONAL (FFI) , founded in 1903 and the International, Richmond, UK world’s oldest international conservation organization, acts to conserve © 2011 Botanic Gardens Conservation International threatened species and ecosystems worldwide, choosing solutions that are sustainable, are based on sound science and take account of ISBN: 978-1-905164-35-6 human needs. Reproduction of any part of the publication for educational, conservation and other non-profit purposes is authorized without prior permission from the copyright holder, provided that the source is fully acknowledged. Reproduction for resale or other commercial purposes is prohibited without prior written permission from the copyright holder. THE GLOBAL TREES CAMPAIGN is undertaken through a partnership between FFI and BGCI, working with a wide range of other The designation of geographical entities in this document and the presentation of the material do not organizations around the world, to save the world’s most threatened trees imply any expression on the part of the authors and the habitats in which they grow through the provision of information, or Botanic Gardens Conservation International delivery of conservation action and support for sustainable use. -
Phylogenies and Secondary Chemistry in Arnica (Asteraceae)
Digital Comprehensive Summaries of Uppsala Dissertations from the Faculty of Science and Technology 392 Phylogenies and Secondary Chemistry in Arnica (Asteraceae) CATARINA EKENÄS ACTA UNIVERSITATIS UPSALIENSIS ISSN 1651-6214 UPPSALA ISBN 978-91-554-7092-0 2008 urn:nbn:se:uu:diva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ist of Papers This thesis is based on the following papers, which are referred to in the text by their Roman numerals: I Ekenäs, C., B. G. Baldwin, and K. Andreasen. 2007. A molecular phylogenetic -
Eastern Himalayan Vegetation
Plant Formations in the Eastern Himalayan BioProvince Peter Martin Rhind Eastern Himalayan Broadleaf Forest These temperate forests range in altitude from about 1500m and 3000m and stretch from the deep Kali Gandaki River Gorge in central Nepal though Bhutan and into India’s eastern state of Arunachal Pradesh. Up to about 1500m, mixed forests occur characterized by Castanopsis indica, Engelhardtia spicata and Schima wallichii. Endemic species found in this general zone include Argyreia hookeri (Convolvulaceae), Begonia rubella (Begoniaceae), Entata phaseoloides (family?), Orthosiphon incurvus (Lamiaceae), Pandanus nepalensis (Pandanaceae), Rhaphidophora glauca (Araceae), Thomsonia nepalensis (Araceae) and the epiphytic orchids Bulbophyllum affine, Coelogyne flaccida Cryoptochilus luteus (Orchidaceae). Above 1500m and extending up to about 2700m, the forests are predominantly composed of evergreen oak. These are dominated by species such as Quercus fenestrata, Q. lamellosa, Q. pachyphylla, Q. spicata, Lithocarpus pachyphylla, Rododendron arborea, Schima wallichii, Symingtonia populnea, and include the endemic rhododendrons, Rhododendron falconeri, R. thomsonii and R. virgatum (Ericaceae). Other endemics include Buddleja conilei (Scrophulariaceae) and the climbers Aristolochia griffithii (Aristolochiaceae) and Porana grandiflorum (Convolvulaceae) in the scrub layer, while in the ground layer include Arisaema griffithii, A. erubescens (Araceae), Impatiens stenantha (Balsaminaceae), Viola wallichiana (Violaceae) and the orchids Calanthe brevicorum and Vandopsis undulata (Orchidaceae). In places however the endemic grass Arundinaria maling (Poaceae) may form dense thickets in the undergrowth. Finally, the many epiphytes of these forests include endemics such as Aeschynanthus sikkimensis (Gesneriaceae), Agapetes serpens, A. incurvatus (Ericaceae), and Cymbidium longifolium (Orchidaceae). Eastern Himalayan Subalpine Conifer and Rhododendron Forests At heights above 2700m a mixture of conifers and rhododendrons dominate the forests. -
Changes in Vegetation Attributes Along an Elevation Gradient Towards Timberline in Khangchendzonga National Park, Sikkim
Tropical Ecology 59(2): 259–271, 2018 ISSN 0564-3295 © International Society for Tropical Ecology www.tropecol.com Changes in vegetation attributes along an elevation gradient towards timberline in Khangchendzonga National Park, Sikkim * ASEESH PANDEY, SANDHYA RAI & DEVENDRA KUMAR G.B. Pant National Institute of Himalayan Environment and Sustainable Development, Sikkim Regional Centre, Pangthang, Gangtok 737101, Sikkim, India Abstract: In this preliminary elevation gradient (3000–4000 m) study of high ranges forest of Sikkim (eastern Himalayas), we have analyzed the (i) species composition, (ii) tree species richness, density, basal area and distribution range, and (iii) forest structure by diameter at breast height (DBH) classes. The main purpose was to identify the role of elevation in tree dominance, and species richness in the subalpine forests of eastern Himalaya. The study was conducted in the Yuksam-Dzongri transect nested within the Khangchendzonga National Park, west district of Sikkim state. The quadrat method was used to sample vegetation and sampling was done at every 100 m steps between 3000 m and 4000 m elevations, eventually ending up in the timberline ecotone. A total of 109 species belonging to 80 genera and 46 families were recorded. The species richness and total tree basal area (TBA) declined monotonically along the elevation gradient. Tree density in present elevation transect was significantly higher than its western Himalayan counter parts of Indian Himalayan region. The presence of 23 tree species in the highest 1000 m forested zone highlights the high tree species richness of the eastern Himalaya. It was largely because of the speciation of Rhododendron spp. Further investigation is required to develop a holistic understating of these vegetation patterns across the Indian Himalayan region. -
Rhododendron Society Notes Volume I.I 1916
• VoL I., No. I., 1916. t!tbt l\bobobtnbron &octttp �tt�. REPRINTED BY THE PACIFIC RHODODENDRON SOCIETY ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS TO THIS ONLINE EDITION The three volumes of Rhododendron Society Notes issued between 1917 and 1931 in fifteen parts could not have been published online without the generosity of others. The Rhododendron, Camellia & Magnolia Group extend their thanks to the descendants of the contributing authors, and others who are now responsible for the copyright, for permitting those words to be reproduced in this format. In particular, we are indebted to Fred Whitney, the last remaining officer of the Pacific Rhododendron Society which produced and published the facsimile edition in 1976, who has so graciously allowed it to be scanned to create the current version. This material is made freely available for research purposes only. Copyright in the text remains with the authors and further copying or reuse from this work is expressly prohibited. RHODODENDRON, CAMELLIA & MAGNOLIA GROUP 2017 THE PACIFIC RHODODENDRON SOCIETY "Dedicated to the Hobbiest and Home G9rdeners .. Foreword The Pacific Rhododendron Society has reprint.ed the Rhododendron Notes in an effort to further theknowledge of the Genus Rhododendron by those enthusiasts with an avid interest in the history, exploration and biographical sketches contained herein. The Rhododendron Notes are offered to the end that the reader may more easily understand the progress encouraged by those who contributed the wealth of information contained in these volumes, thereby making clear our understanding of the Genus Rhododendron today. The Societywishes to gratefully acknowledgethe efforts on our behalf by the following persons and organizations: Dr. -
Rhododendron Arboreum Sm
Popular Article Popular Kheti Volume -2, Issue-3 (July-September), 2014 Available online at www.popularkheti.info © 2014 popularkheti.info ISSN: 2321-0001 Rhododendron arboreum Sm. - An Economically Important Tree of Sikkim Chandan Singh Purohit Botanical Survey of India, Sikkim Himalayan Regional Centre, Gangtok, Sikkim-737103 Email: [email protected] Rhododendron arboreum Sm. is locally called Lali-gurans. Its fresh petals are used in jelly and sharbat. Wood is used to make tool handles, boxes and posts and is suitable for plywood. It is offered in temples and religious places for ornamenting and decoration purposes. It is also used for amoebic dysentery, diarrhoea, headache, nose bleeding, park-saddles, plywood, posts, rheumatism etc. Because of it’s over exploitation in Himalayan region for its various purposes, its population declined in nature. Recently its populatio n is very scanty in nature so its ex -situ and in -situ conservation is necessary. Introduction The genus Rhododendron belongs to the family Ericaceae and was described by Carl Linnaeus in 1737 in ‘Genera Plantarum’. Joseph Hooker’s visit to the Sikkim Himalaya between 1848 and 1850 unfold the rhododendron world of this area (Hooker 1849). Within the brief span he travelled in Sikkim. Hooker gathered and described 34 new species and details of 43 species, including varieties from the Indian region in his monograph entitled ‘Rhododendron of Sikkim Himalaya’. It was followed by the publication on the ‘Indian Rhododendron’ by Clarke (1882) who recorded 46 species. Since then many species have been described and recorded from north- east India by various workers (Calder et al .