Nettpublisering ved Forvaltningsorgan for AKPs partihistorie (www.akp.no) 2012 Class Struggle, Oct. 1978. COMMENTS ON THE SOCIAL-IMPERIALIST OFFENSIVE AGA ST V TNA ND ALB A SAD AND PROLTTARE TE TE OPTHA VENDEVE. BASHKONUNI! ORGAN I KOMITETIT QENDROR TE PPSH

"'"'` E shtune, 24 qershor 1978 I cm,mi . tll pilvtark,

DANGEROUS JASHTE D ZERI I I UART E IMPERIALISTEV NGA E ,ar tre el qe kw. VIETNAM, /arm( korri fitoren po-1 se tij bi e ttj te drejte populli yne, agresoret impel-tab gjlthe p ashtu SI • dhe sherb s lithe r opuit e lie,. qeq ' karn: per zgjidhjen etoret e ty- me tuner' gene ebtne Rio ham rrug,n_ per e eltrtrmare le popunn aju e mosmarreveshjeve ,1S1,1111.,(` het ge c e bisethz,ve. Te kerko- .• ' • ka uwar oe l'ICI6arTa. n e SITUATION at t • - ••••- sinjet te zenclhe,, A••'.. July 19, Klassekampen published the complete les commenting on the social-imperialist offensive text of the «Zeri i Popullit» editorial of June 24: against Vietnam and Albania, from July 20 to 25. «Imperialists, Hands Off Vietnam»: Below is a complete English translation of these Klassekampen then published a series of five artic- five articles. 1. A «Zed i Popullit» Editorial and the Questions it Raises

expert on eastern Europe in Nor- International Offensive Social-imperialist Influ- The A KP(m-l) and the way's largest daily claimed that Alba- of the Soviet Super- China-Albania contra- nia was closer to China than ever!). ence in Vietnam The main points of the PLA's attack power In 1978 the government of Kam- diction on the CPC were rapidly made We are going to comment on an puchea announced that Vietnam for Some newspapermen i Norway ha- known to all members of the AKP(m- editorial from «Zeri i Popullit», the several years had been attacking ve tried to make something out of the I). The AKP(m-I) contacted the PLA organ of the Party of Labor of Alba- Kampuchea, in an attempt to con- fact that the AKP(m-I) long remained to get the best possible information nia, dated june 24, 1978: «Imperia- quer the country. The Soviet Union silent about the contradictions betwe- on their position. lists, Hands Off Vietnam». instigated this war and is doing its ut- en China and Albania. According to On this basis the AKP(m-I) made This article was published in a spe- most to kindle the conflict. The them the AKP(m-I) «discovered these an assessment of the polemics of the cial international situation. In recent USSR wants to overthrow the revolu- contradictions later than anybody el- PLA. All this happened inside the years the Soviet superpower has in- tionary Kampuchean government, as se», «the AKP(m-I) is always the last party. Publicly, the AKP(m-I) said tensified its offensive throughout the it fights against all who favor real in- to take sides» etc. nothing, for reasons explained abo- world. There are but short intervals dependence and real socialism. At the The members of the AKP(m-I) ve. At the same time we hoped that between each time we hear about new same time the Soviet Union takes ad- know that this is not true. the contradictions could be solved We have great respect for the Albanian people and the Albanian communists wars, new coups and new intrigues vantage of the war to strengthen its The line our party follows is to in- through comradely discussions. and we still hope that future events will develop in a different direction than a initiated by the Kremlin with the aim position in Vietnam. The USSR dependently evaluate the policy of On the other hand the AKP(m-I) the present. But we cannot positively contribute to this by keeping silent abou of conquering new territories for wants to turn Vietnam against China truly socialist countries and truly took measures to make the positions what is presently going on. Brezhnev's neo-colonial system. to recruit Vietnam as an ally in its Marxist-Leninist parties. We develop of the PLA and teh CPC accessible to Every success of any of these at- strategy of encirclement and war our own policy for Norway, and at whoever was interested in studying are no longer distributed and where The Main Question We tempts is another step towards the against China. The persecution of the same time we support socialist co- them. The report from the 7th Con- many people have been kept ignorant world war which the Kremlin is plan- Chinese nationals in Vietnam shows untries and Marxist-Leninist parties gress of the PLA, which attacked about the development of the contra- Shall Deal With -- ning to launch. Just like Hitler, Brez- us that the USSR is making progress all over the world. When disagree- viewpoints shared by the AKP(m-l), dictions. The main enemies of the peoples c hnev is dreaming of becoming the in this respect. ments arise we do not publish them as was translated to Norwegian and pu- The AKP(m-l) chose to refrain the world are the two superpower! master of the entire world, of crea- This is a tragedy for the people of long as we are not forced to do so for blished. When the PLAleaders launc- from all public comment as long as the US and the USSR. The stronges ting a «thousand-year Reich». The Vietnam. It grieves every friend of reasons of principle. We do not disc- hed another very sharp attack in «Ze- possible. It is no longer possible to most aggressive and most dangeros working class and the peoples of the Vietnam in every corner of the world, lose contradictions between comra- ri i Popullit» July 7, 1977, the maintain this attitude. The PLA lea- of them is now social-imperialists world must take these plans seriously who sees that this country, a brave des to the enemy. Nor do we let our- AKP(m-I) again had this attack trans- ders have developed their polemics Albania and Vietnam are two poc and develop struggle against them. fighter against one superpower, is selves be provoked by newspaper ar- lated and published without any com- from an attack on the CPC and other countries in the third world. They ar And opposition is really growing. now in the hands of the other. At the ticles to display these contradictions, ments. We did this in spite of the fact Marxist-Leninist parties to an endor- subject to infiltration from socia A constantly increasing number of same time we know that social- fearful that some reporters could try that the article branded supporters of sement of social-imperialist aggressi- imperialism. forces are won for the front against imperialism will try to take advantage to be sarcastic. Mao's theory of the three worlds on against socialist countries. They Social-imperialism has a good gri social-imperialism. The situation on of the great sympathy for Vietnam This was why Marxist-Leninists in (thereby including our party) as have sharpened the contradictions on Vietnam. Social-imperialism the Horn of Africa is typical for what which developed during the heroic Norway did not comment on the fact «counter-revolutionaries». The with China until an open breach co- trying to strengthen its position and is happening. After the social- war of resistance to make people ac- that the government of the Democra- AKP(m-I) replied directly to the PLA uld no longer be avoided. Still shar- using Vietnam to further its interests imperialist intervention there, an in- cept the war against Kampuchea and tic Republic of Vietnam supported by letter last autumn. This letter was per attacks are certain to follow. It is In Albania the leaders of the PI,/ creasing number of workers and pea- the persecution of the Chinese. the Soviet invasion of Czechoslova- kept within the party until July 17 now evident that the leaders of the have changed their policy. Fror sants have risen in struggle against it. Therfore real anti-imperialists and kia. We were well aware of this, but this summer when it was published in PLA are completely unwilling to sol- standing together with socialist Chin Liberation movements, politicians, friends of Vietnam must now clarify we did not let ourselves be provoked Klassekampen (it is this letter that ve the problems through a comradely against social-imperialism they hav and states have changed their opinion what is happening, to repel this pro- to comment on it. The reason was forms the other main article of this is- debate within the communist move- started attacking socialist China, an, on the Soviet Union and have started paganda crusade from the social- that we considered Vietnam a socia- sue of Class Struggle). ment. Therefore we too must now in some cases they now suppor to fight against social-imperialism in imperialists. list country, and we did not want to The AKP(m-I) sided against the make our position known. social-imperialist operations. Thi various ways. The same thing is hap- criticize a socialist country in public. views of the PLA leaders and their We greatly respect the Albanian means that social-imperialism get pening elsewhere in the world. Social- «Zeri i Popullit» Backs The AKP(m-I) was the first in Nor- way of conducting polemics. This people and the Albanian commu- better opportunities to advance upoi imperialism is suffering som impor- way to know about the contradicti- was done almost two years ago. It nists, and we still hope that future Albania. tant defeats. This is the positive side up Soviet Policy ons between China and Albania. It was done through a debate where we events will take another direction. We shall confine our comments 0 of the situation. was clear to us that the PLA leaders gathered material from both sides But we cannot contribute positively these questions. But there are problems, too. One In precisely this situation the PLA had started public polemics at the 7th and advised everybody to study it. to that by remaining silent about We will not proceed to general spe obstacle for the opposition is the fact leaders have their party paper print Congress of the PLA in the autumn This contrasts with what happened in what happens in the present. culations on internal conditions that many people are illuded to belie- an article which supports Vietnam's of 1976. (At the same time an alleged Albania, where Chinese publications either country. ve that the USSR is a socialist state. war against Kampuchea and the per- (July 20 The October revolution has great pre- secution of the Chinese. This act stige. Many people have not under- backs up the Soviet policy of taking st000d that it has been defeated. over Vietnam and using the Vietnam They do not understand that in the against neighbouring countries. USSR, socialism has been buried and Social-imperialism has learned to ap- replaced by capitalism, imperialism preciate support of this type. That is 2. What Is Actually and fascism like in Hitler's Germany. why its mouthpiece in Norway, the They find it difficult to unite in organ of the black reactionary struggle against an imperialist power «NKP» party (Norway's «Commu- which misuses Lenin's banner. nist» Party), has gleefully quoted As the Soviet leaders have been in- from the «Zeri i Popullit» article. Happening in Vietnam? creasingly unmasked, they have also The Party of Labor of Albania has been using others as pawns. They ha- gained many friends all over the ve infiltrated and taken over som li- world because Albania fought The «Zeri i Popullit» events such as the persecution of Chi- can arise between neighbouring co- Is this a true picture? beration movements that had good against social-imperialism. Together nese nationals in Vietnam, and the untries ... they are the culprits.» It is No, this picture is completely false reputations because they previously with China, Albania was for a long Impression of Vietnam consequently deteriorating relations well known that Kampuchea refuses Therefore it is necessary to say a fev made some positive contributions. time the only socialist country which The «Zeri i Popullit» editorial of between China and Vietnam. China to negotiate with Vietnam as long as things about what has happened one They have been using Cuba, which openly criticized modern revisionism. June 24 bears the title: «Imperialists: has suspended her economic aid to Vietnamese attacks continue. The what is happening in Vietnam. has many friends on account of the The communists and the people sho- Hands Off Vietnam!» Who are the Vietnam, just as she shortly after- editorial blames Kampuchea for the glorious Cuban revolution of 1956. wed great courage when they defen- «imperialists» the editorial wants to wards suspended her aid to Albania. border war. It insinuates that China The Vietnam War and Today Cuba is a Soviet neo-colony. ded socialism and the independence evict? The editorial mentions somebody is backing Kampcuhea, making Kam- The peoples' friendly feelings for Cu- of Albania against Soviet pressure. Are they the Soviet social- who «meddles», exerts «economic puchea attack Vietnam. the Struggle Against ba have been abused to defend the The PLA has been respected for this. imperialists? No: they are not even pressure» etc. Soviet propaganda says the same Revisionism bloody Soviet-Cuban colonial war in Consequently, Marxist-Leninists all mentioned. This statement refers to China, and things. Angola. over the world have listened attenti- US imperialism, however, is often it amounts to calling China «imperia- Is Vietnam's problem really pres- The development of Vietnam's wai As the social-imperialist offensive vely to the PLA. mentioned. Has it started a new at- list». sure from an imperialist China? Is of liberation against US imperialists was of great importance to thr grows wilder and wilder, it becomes This respect is now being abused to tack on Vietnam? It was thrown out The editorial mentions the «armed Vietnam actually subject to China- always more important for real com- spread statements endorsing the ad- in 1975, and at present it is conduc- clashes on the Vietnam-Kampuchea backed aggression from Kampuchea? struggle between Marxism-Leninism Mao Tsetung Thought on one hand munists and anti-imperialists to un- vance of social-imperialism. This is a ting negotiations with the Vietnamese border, instigated by foreigners» and Is it really true that social- cover the various masks it is hiding serious matter, and we cannot neglect government. deplores them. It adds: «Those who imperialism plays not role at all, so and revisionism on the other. behind. to comment on it. When the editorial appeared, inter- ... refuse to sit down at the negotiati- that it is not even necessary to menti- national commentary focused on on table to sove disagreements which on it when commenting on Vietnam? C'T'D PAGE 2 1A/110%0V~ AAAAAAMAAAAA""04*.- Nettpublisering ved Forvaltningsorgan for AKPs partihistorie (www.akp.no) 2012

2 Class Struggle, Oct. 1978.

Western anti-imperialists who have method to divert internal problems visited the city report having been ac- by aggressive external wars and con- costed in the streets and offered pro- quests. On the basis of pure military A SAD AND stitutes, drugs and black market go- might they can hope to conquer im- ods. Europeans are often mistaken portant parts of Kampuchea (they are DANGEROUS for Russians who evidently constitute probably wrong, but that is a diffe- a market for such services and goods, rent matter). Furthermore, social- like they do in other countries as well. imperialism is interested in a war like SITUATION Privately the city authorities admit this to deteriorate the relationship be- that the problems are enormous. tween Vietnam and China, and make — comments on the social- They point out that it has -not been Vietnam still more dependent on the imperialist offensive against possible for them to establish enter- USSR. The Soviet Union seems to Vietnam and Albania. prises capable of providing jobs for have gained several military bases in large sectors of the population that Vietnam. Vietnam and the Soviet were previously sustained by the US Union have now taken over the reac- occupant. In other words this means tionary propaganda campaign that hundreds of thousands have no against Kampuchea that US imperia- C'T'D FROM PAGE 1 choice other than trying to survive on lism started in 1975. What is the in- a day to day basis, and often have to tention behind all this other than to The liberation war in South Viet- resort to prostitution and crime. lay the basis of a Vietnamese invasi- nam started in earnest in 1959-61. It Kampuchea also had an unproduc- on? Reactionary enemies of Kampuc- coincided with the momentous deba- tive refugee population of perhaps hea in the west are now saying that te between the communists headed by more than one million in a few large the only hope of a new government in Mao and teh revisionists headed by cities. This problem was solved by Kampuchea lies in a Vietnamese vic- Krushchev. evacuating these people to the count- tory over Kampuchea in the battle- Mao said that only revolution co- ryside and organizing them to produ- field. uld lead to socialism. He said that on- ce food. The enemies of Kampuchea The Kampuchean government says ly national liberation wars could libe- have called this «horrible», and have that Vietnam intends to conquer rate the oppressed peoples from im- stated that Vietnam is more «huma- Kampuchea in order to incorporate perialism. Khrushchev advocated the ne». But Kampuchea is self-sufficient the country in a future «Indochinese «peaceful and parliamentarian road in food. On the other hand, in «hu- federation» dominated by Vietnam. to socialism». He advised the com- mane» Vietnam, there is a shortage This would make Vietnam a major munists to make peace with imperia- of food and hundreds of thousands power in southeast Asia. The more lism and said that the liberation mo- of city-dwellers are unemployed and immediate purposes are to exploit vements ought to cease armed strugg- live under deplorable conditions. Kampuchea's economy, and food le. What is the cause of this pitiful si- production in particular. Kampuchea The Vietnamese revolutionaries tuation in the Vietnamese economy? has published a series of confessions had made progress in their struggle We think it is mistakes induced by the of Vietnamese prisoners of war. against Japan and France because steadily increasing influence of Among them are previous servants of they had stsdied and adapted the social-imperialism in the party and Thieu's army and pro-US Khmers Marxist-Leninist classics to their own the government. from Vietnam who were promised conditions. Among the classics they various privileges if they would fight studied was Mao. Ho Chi Minh was War Against against Kampuchea. for a time member of the CPC and of What we know about the war the People's Liberation Army. Du- In the years 1959 to 1961 Khrushchev pressured' the Viet- from Mao and the CPC. They broke through the obstacles Kampuchea against Kampuchea gives us reasons to worry about Laos. Laos is a small ring the struggles that led to the great namese to surrender. He stated that the Vietnam war put up by the Soviet revisionists, and thus laid the base for The deteriorated domestic situati- country with a population of four victory at Dien Bien Phu the Vietna- could be the spark that set off a nuclear war of total des- the subsequent victory against the US imperialism. on is the internal Vietnamese basis of million. The number of Vietnamese mese studied books like «On Protrac- truction. The Vietnamese received consistent support the aggressive war against Kampuc- soldiers currently stationed in Laos is ted War» and Vietnamese books ba- hea. The external basis is the intri- higher than the number of soldiers in sed on studies of Mao. aim of forcing the Vietnamese to Vietnamese economy. imperialist foreign policy, to wit: gues of social-imperialism which the country's own army. Our sources During the years 1959 to 1961 the change their policy, the Kremlin refu- China has never demanded high ra- the invasion of Czechoslovaia aims at overthrowing the dictatorship report that the Vietnamese govern- Vietnamese resisted pressure from sed to provide some of the most mo- tes of interest or political compensati- in 1968, of the proletariat in Kampuchea. ment has used its powerful position Khrushchev who wanted them to dis- dern Soviet weapons. on for this aid. Nor has she used aid the fascist regime of Mujibur The government in Vietnam main- to extort territorial and economic pri- continue the struggle. He said that All this shows that this «aid» really to infiltrate the party or the state of Rahman i Bangla Desh, . tains that the war was launched by vileges. Given the present expansio- the Vietnam war might become the was an instrument of a thoroughly Vietnam with agents. Indira Gandhi's emergency Kampuchea. But everybody Knows nist policy of the Vietnamese govern- spark liable to start a nuclear war imperialistpolicy, and not the outco- laws, that Kampuchea has a small popula- ment, the future of the independent which would destroy everything. He me of a desire to support the Vietna- The last Decade Social- tion of 8 million, and a relatively the bloody Soviet-Cuban colo- state of Laos appears rather insecure. also put pressure on the revolutiona- mese people. nial war in Angola. small army, whereas Vietnam has a ries in Laos. The Laotian leader prin- imperialism Has Today the Vietnamese leaders sup- population of more than 40 million ce Souphanovoung rejected Khrushc- The Attitude of the USSR Strengthened its Position port the Mengistu regime in Ethiopia, and an army of several hundred thou- The Persecution of the hev's advice to surrender. The Viet- to Kampuchea's Libera- Norwegian Marxist-Leninists who including its repression of Ethiopian sand soldiers, equipped with great Chinese namese and the Laotians received carried out solidarity work have revolutionaries and the Eritrean libe- quantities of captured American ma- consistent support from Mao and the tion War known all the time what social- ration movements. terial, as well as the most modern So- The persecution of the Chinese na- CPC. They broke through the bar- To complete this picture, Vietnam viet equipment. Vietnam has urged tionals is another expression of the The case of Kampuchea reveals imperialism intended to do in Viet- internal difficulties and Soviet intri- riers set up by the Soviet revisionists, only given to nam. We have to admit now that its recently changed its status in the So- the Kampuchean people to overthrow that the Soviet aid was that shape the current Vietname- and thereby laid the foundations of gain influence, and only against ade- plans were successful. viet economic bloc, the Comecon, its government. Various foreign sour- gues ces have conjectured that Vietnam policy. the subsequent victory over US impe- quate compensation. We have mentioned the fact that from associate to full member. se might want to conquer Phnom Penh Some revisionists and other bour- rialism. After the coup of the quisling Lon Vietnam has openly and to an increa- (July 21) The war of liberation in Vietnam and install a pro-Vietnamese govern- geois reporters in Norway repeat Nol and the American invasion in sing degree supported social- ment. But nobody has conjectured Vietnamese propaganda that the Chi- was thus also a living criticism of 1970, the liberation war in Kampuc of giving up Khrushchev's line hea made fast progress. The USSR struggle against imperialism. The war refused to support the war by any was significant for the Marxist- means. Leninists' struggle against revisio- The Soviet Union recognized Lon nists everywhere and for the develop- Nol. The Soviet Union gave Lon Nol 3. Revolutionaries and Pa- ment of national revolutionary libe- economic aid, insured military tran- ration movements opposed to revisio- sport from Vietnam up the Mekong nism many places in the third world. to Phnom Penh and kept diplomats Today the government of reunified with Lon Nol till the last moment. Vietnam stands together with the Czechoslovakia, a Soviet colony, ran triots Persecuted in Vietnam USSR against Marxist-Leninists in an arms factory for Lon Nol in China and Kampuchea. But Vietnam Phnom Penh, until the liberation ar- The Situation in no aid, and was at least as heavily da- that Kampuchea could aim at con- nese refugees are «capitalists» fleeing would never have been reunified if my burned it down. Soviet diplomats Vietnam is Poor maged by the war. Kampuchea seems quering Vietnam! Vietnamese measures against «black the Vietnamese communists had not tried to recruit students in Phnom to have solved its food problem, whe- Kampuchea has overcome great markets» etc. This is absurd. There resisted the USSR and developed a Penh to a legal, pro-Soviet «commu- We regret that we have to conclude reas in Vietnam, insufficient food difficulties, but the situation is still are more than a million Chinese in war of liberation, against the will of nist» party which was to support the that the economic situation in Viet- production will apparently remain a critical. Kampuchea needs peace in Vietnam. Are they all capitalists? Ac- the Soviets and with the support of quisling government! nam since liberation in 1975, is poor. probslem several years ahead. order to consolidate the progress in cording to official Vietnamese repre- China. Why «aid» to Vietnam, but no We have drawn this conclusion on Vietnamese industry is developing production, develop the economy, sentatives the majority of them are support to the liberation struggle in the basis of reports from Norwegian poorly. Plans are not fulfilled. Dona- and also on this basis increase neces- workers and peasants. Kampuchea? Because the liberation and foreign revolutionaries and anti- ted material and machinery remain sary trade with foreign countries. In Ho Chi Minh City there is a lar- The Attitude of the USSR front there, led by the Communist imperialists. Our conclusion is in ac- unused for a long time. Some of it Kampuchea's interests are not served ge contingent of Chinese. A Vietna- Party of Kampuchea, was not willing cordance with what upright western has been ruined. by a hopeless war against Vietnam. mese representative told a pro- to the Vietnamese War to let social-imperialism get any in- reporters have written. In Ho Chi Minh City (formerly The Vietnamese leaders, on the ot- Before the 1964 the Soviet Union fluence. As long as the Soviet Union The economy has deteriorated de- Saigon), hundreds of thousands of her hand, have great domestic pro- C'T'D PAGE 3 refused to help the Vietnamese with had no influence, the liberation for- spite the fact that a socialist state was people still do no productive work. blems to divert, and it is a well known as much as a kopek. ces got no support. established in the northern part of the After Khrushchev's fall, this policy When Phnom Penh was liberated country in 1954, that socialism has was changed. The liberation struggle in 1975 the Soviet diplomats locked been built there for 24 years, despite in Vietnam was advancing so well themselves inside their embassy be- the fact that reunified Vietnam cap- that it was possible to predict the de- hind heavy steel doors, hoping in this tured great quantities of military equ- feat of the US. Relations between way to be allowed to remain in the ci- ipment and other supplies from the Vietnam and China were very close ty and to get in touch with the revolu- US in 1975, and despite extensive and very good. Brezhnev saw his im- tionary government. The liberation economic aid from China, the Soviet perialist interests best served by gi- soldiers shot through the steel doors Union, and some western countries. ving a certain amount of aid, and the- with rockets and sent the diplomats After three years of peace, Viet- reby trying to get some influence over out of the country together with ot- nam is still not self-sufficient in rice, Vietnam. her foreigners who had supported but must import great quantities to The support was accompanied by Lon Nol. avoid famine, yet is unable to gua- hard diplomatic pressure against rantee fdr the payment. In spite of ri- Vietnam. Those of us who did solida- China Consistently ce imports, there is an evident scarci- rity work for Vietnam at that time ty of food, at any rate in some di- were discretely informed that the So- Supported Vietnam stricts in the south. viet Union was trying to press the go- China's internationalist aid cont- In comparison, during the same vernement of Vietnam to negotiate rasts sharply with this. three years, Kampuchea has become with the US, which would have im- During the critical period before self-sufficient in rice, and has even plied giving up the war of liberation. 1964, all military aid to the Vietna- been able to donate rice to Laos, Vietnamese representatives who were mese people came rom China. which also has a food supply pro- working in east European capitals China continued to provide aid blem. Compared with Vietnam, were harassed. _ every year until the war was won. Kampuchea has a smaller populati- As the war continued for a long ti- China gave weapons to the FNL and on, is less mechanized, has received me and destruction in Vietnam exten- to the defense of North Vietnam. ded, Soviet «aid» increased. The China had factories producing consu- «aid» was always accompanied by mer goods for the population of The persecutions of the Chinese aim pressure and demands for compensa- North Vietnam. China, herself a po- at diverting attention from difficult tion. Some of the «aid» was clearly or country, has until recently under- internal conditions in Vietnam by paid in foreign exchange. With the taken large projects to develop the whipping up chauvinism. Nettpublisering ved Forvaltningsorgan for AKPs partihistorie (www.akp.no) 2012

Class Struggle, Oct. 1978.

;KIM I i'110:1P ON THE SOCIAL-IMPERIALIST OFFENSIVE AGAINST VIETNAM AND ALBANIA 4. How Official

Enver Hoxha: I/Sr politikk er en ipen Albanian Polemics politikk, en politikk bygd pa proletariske Have Developed prinsipp

We shall give a short account of ... to Directing At the present stage of the pole- Within a couple of days Soviet how the official Albanian polemics mics, however, the PLA leaders have agents succeeded in murdering the have developed since they started at the Main Attack started to mention US imperialism presidents of north and south Ye- the 7th congress of the PLA almost Against China and then denounce China as imperia- men. In south Yemen, a pro-Soviet two years ago. list, while they refrain from even coup was successful. We shall refrain from discussing In the report to the 7th congress of mentioning the USSR. Zaire's Shaba province has been what may have caused the Albanian the PLA the CPC was openly critici- This implies that since the autumn invaded twice by Soviet mercenaries t)ki er leaders to launch the polemics. And zed for the first time, although the of 1976, the direction of the main at- (former fascist mercenaries for Belgi- we will not discuss internal Albanian criticism was not textually directed tacks of the Albanian leadership has um and Portugal) coming from An- conditions or speculate much on against China and the CPC. Textual- changed. Before they mainly attac- gola. what will happen in the near future. ly the criticism struck against suppor- ked the Soviet Union and modern re- This list is restricted to certain of ters of the three world theory, yet visionism. Now they direct their hea- the most significant and dramatic As late as in October 1974 Hoxha held many views on international questions everybody at the congress readily un- viest blows against the CPC, China events. We have not included how the similar to those of the Communist Party of China. Here is the Norwegian From Directing the derstood that the CPC was the actual and the advocates of Marxism- USSR has intrigued and strengthened translation of the speech «Our policy is an open policy, the policy of proletari- Main Attack Against target. Leninism-Mao Tsetung Thought. its political position in various count- an principles» in the Norwegian edition from 1977. Mao Tsetung died some weeks pri- ries such as Argentina, Uganda or Li- In the 1976 report the outcome of while Kampuchea is the target of con- the Soviet Union ... or to the congress. In the chapter on bya, how pressure has increased the civil war in Angola was presented stantly escalated Soviet attacks. the communist world movement of While Soviet Aggression against northern Europe, or the fact In the sixties and early seventies of- a:, a victory for both the Soviet Union In an editorial on the Vietnam- the report, Mao's name was not men- that oppositional elements in the So- ficial PLA propaganda on internatio- on All Continents Kampuchea war published January tioned. He was, however, mentioned viet Union and dominated countries rn•i the US. The editorial of July 7, nal questions largely followed the sa- is Escalated ... I; <7, mentions social-imperialism. 5, 1978, «Zeri i Popullit» maintained me lines as the Communist Party of in the section on Albania's state real- are more sharply repressed than he- tions. The purpose of this was to Let us recall certain recent events: fore, etc. Everything expresses the But it deals very sparingly with a formally «neutral» stand while sta- China. social-imperialist activities in various ting that the war was induced by US During this period there were also emphasize disagreement with the po- Social-imperialism has assumed Soviet offensive in the rivalry with int of view stating that Mao had been control over Angola by means of tho- the other superpower, the USA. It all pa-ts of the world. imperialism and social-imperialism. conflicts and disagreements, which The editorial of June 24, 1978, is a Furthermore, the Albanian leaders the leader of the entire communist usands of Cuban mercenaries. Hun- amounts to this: preparations for we shall not bring up now. But these step further in the same direction. world movement on a par with Lenin dreds of thousands have died in a war. adopted the strange position that conflicts were not substantial enough Some years ago relations between and Stalin in previous periods. bloody colonial war. Guerilla warfa- they publicly asked China to mediate, to shake the united front against the Albania and Kampuchea were very In the summer of 1977 the pole- re against the pro-Soviet quisling re- despite the fact that in other connec- enemy, against US imperialism and ... the Albanian Leaders good. Albania praised Kampuchea tions they had called the Chinese social-imperialism. For that matter, mics were significantly escalated by gime continues on a broad scale. the «Zeri i Popullit» editorial of July The USSR has become the main Reduce Their Criticism publicly for having resisted social- counter-revolutionaries. In the June there is nothing unnatural in the fact imperialism and criticized Vietnam 24 editorial, this «neutrality» gives that dissent arises between Marxist- 7, The Theory and Practise of the Re- prop of Mengistu in Ethiopia. The What have the Albanian leaders carefully for «sitting on the fence» way to siding with Vietnam. All criti- Leninist parties and between socialist volution. This editorial not only sta- Soviet Union and Cuba have ousted done in this period? The fact is that countries. ted that the three world theory is Somalia from Ogaden and are cur- with regard to the Soviet Union. cism of the USSR has disappeared, they have reduced their criticism of Since then Vietnam has moved in As late as in autumn 1974, Enver wrong, but claimed in addition that rently preparing to suppress the libe- the USSR and social-imperialism. Hoxha held a speech in which his po- those who advocate this theory oppo- ration struggle in Eritrea. the direction of the Soviet Union, SEE BACK COVER sitions on many international issues se the revolution, want to support ca- The USSR has extended its in- were similar to those of the CPC, for pitalism, etc. This amounts to saying fluence over Vietnam, and instigated between Vietnam and China. But the Marxist-Leninist movement was a lo- instance with regard to the danger of that China and other parties that fol- Vietnam's war against Kampuchea. C'T'D FROM PAGE 2 Chinese are not the only oppressed yal friend of theirs, and that they ap war. lowed the CPC were counterrevoluti- A pro-Soviet coup has been suc- Vietnamese Danish reporter that 30 national minority in Vietnam. preciated this loyal friendship. onaries and revisionists. cessfully carried out in Afghanistan. percent of them had shown they wan- Reports we have received indicate As we worked for solidarity with ted to leave. Are 30 percent of them that the autonomous territories of Vietnam for many years, work that vs*: .1r. • capitalists? national minorities in northern Viet- for instance the revisionist «NKP» Many of those crossing the border nam have been dissolved. Leading ca- party consistently sabotaged, we also to China were party members, held dres have been purged because they came to know a lot about Vietnam. positions in the Vietnamese govern- belong to these minorities. The alle- We know that Vietnam has a brilliant ment and army, or were decorated ged reason is that the same minority revolutionary history. We know that veterans from the war against the US. is to be found on the Chinese side of there are many cadres and conscious OX HA Capitalists? the border, where economic conditi- revolutionaries who oppose revisio- For no reason at all it is also main- ons are better, goods are not raioned nism and social-imperialism. We are Melding til tained that «Chinese agents» have etc., and contact across the border .convinced that the Russian infiltra- spread panic and urged the Chinese has been too intimate. tors meet resistance among the mas- to flee. Another absurdity. China is ses and among parts of the party, the det 7. landsmatet not interested in sharpening the con- Persecution of state administration, and the army. flict with Vietnam. That would only In the long run, we do not think that strengthen the position of social- Revolutionaries the socialimperialists can subdue a A imperialism even more. What confi- and Patriots proud, revolutionary people like the rbeidets Parti dence could the Chinese in Ho Chi Vietnamese. Minh City have in the Vietnamese It is obvious that revolutionaries We shal continue to be friends of authorities if «some Chinese agents» and patriots who resist the present Vietnam, we shall continue to learn i Albania could make 30 percent of them want development are persecuted. Among from Vietnam, and we shall continue them are many who played an impor- to have confience in the Vietnamese L NOVEMBER to leave the country? 1976 The persecution of the Chinese is tant role in the struggle against US people. intended to divert attention from the imperialism in the south. We would difficult domestic conditions by gene- like to ask: what has become of the Imperialists: rating chauvinism. In this respect we former leadership of the National Li- have a parallel to the persecution of beration Front and the Provisional Hands Off Vietnam! Jews in Russia and Europe, where the Revolutionary Government? And how does this accord with the Jews allegedly were «rich», «capita- We have reports according to situation as presented in the «Zeri i lists» etc. This was true of some which Madame Binh, former mini- Popullit» editorial? It appears that Jews, as it is for some overseas Chi- ster of foreign affairs of the Provisio- there is really reason to say: «Imperi- nese. But most Jews in Europe were nal Revolutionary Government of alists, Hands Off». But which impe- workers or petty bourgeois, and these South Vietnam, has been arrested. rialists? The social-imperialists. It is people suffered the most from the also correct that «foreigners instiga- persecutions. Likewise in Vietnam to- We Should Have te» and meddle in the war between day: ordinary working people among Vietnam and Kampuchea. Who are the Chinese are most severely perse- Confidence in the these foreigners? The social- cuted. imperialists. The social-imperialists welcome Vietnamese People The real imperialists are not menti- the difficulties in the realtionship be- Does this mean that it is correct to oned in the editorial. Instead it at- tween Vietnam and China for several consider the situation as altogether tacks China and Kampuchea, who reasons. One is the increase of Viet- desolate? In our opinion, no. are both subject to social-imperialist namese forces in the north, on the Norwegian Marxist-Leninists have intrigues in that area. Chinese border. A consequence of learned a lot from the Vietnamese re- Does the publication of an editori- this again is that China has to send volutionaries. We have much to al like the one in «Zeri i Popullit» forces to the south, to supplement the thank them for. We nurture deep fee- support the Vietnamese people in any traditionally small forces there. Thus lings for Vietnam. For more than ten way? No, it clashes with the real inte- Ok !O'er the Kremlin hopes that the defense of years we worked for solidarity with rests of the people of Vietnam, who China's eastern borger will be weake- Vietnam here in Norway, together must liberate themselves from the so- •SrlableingaVintagitalinUA ned. with non-party people and members cial-imperialists. It means turning of other political parties. No other things upside down, to attack revolu- political movement in Norway sup- tionaries and anti-imperialists and to The Oktober Publishers have translated and published the tions of the Report to the 7th Congress of the PLA and the Not Only Chinese ported Vietnam so strongly and con- praise reaction and aggression. It is main works of the Albanian polemics in Norway, as well Theory and Practise of the Revolution, published without sistently as the Marxist-Leninists. support to social-imperialism. Unfor-. as Chinese publications such as the People's Daily editori- The persecution of the Chinese has any commentary. Open polemics against the wrong posi- tunately. al om the three world theory. Here are the Norwegian edi- cought the attention of the world be- Vietnamese representatives declared tions of the PLA leaders did not start until July this year. cause it has worsened the relationship that they knew that the Norwegian (July 22)

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4 Class Struggle, Oct. 1978.

This letter from the Central Commit- were also directed against the Commu- tee of the Workers' Communist Party nist Party of China and all other com- (Marxist-Leninist) AKP(m-I) of Norway munist parties — including the AKP(m-l) was sent to the Central Committee of — which support this theory. Because the Party of Labor of Albania early in the Albanian leaders have now provoked the autumn of 1977. This was done on a rupture with China, we shall publish account of the Albanian leaders' recur- the complete text of this letter. rent attacks on Mao Tsetung's theory The subtitles have been written by of the three worlds at and since the 7th the editors of Klassekampen. congress of the PLA. These attacks

oppressed nations to different forms the essence of imperialism, LETTER FROM THE CENTRAL COMMITTEE OF THE camps: and is deceitfully evaded by the AKP(m-I) TO THE CENTRAL COMMITTEE OF THE «In solving the national questi- social-chauvinists and Kautsky.» PARTY OF LABOR OF ALBANIA on Leninism proceeds form the (The Revolutionary Proletariat and following theses: the Right of Nations to Self- a) The world is divided into Determination. Coll. Works Vol. 21, Comrades! for class struggle and not class colla- two camps: the camps of a hand- p.409. Lenin's emphasis.) Between the Party of Labor of Al- boration. Our enemies: the bourgeoi- ful of civilized nations, which That Marxist-Leninists divide the bania and the Workers' Communist sie, the social-democrats, and the re- possess finance capital and ex- world in three on the basis of a conc- Party (m-I), Norway, there have been visionists are also aware of this attack ploit the vast majority of the po- rete analysis of the relative significan- close and freindly relations for many and attack us daily for this very rea- pulation of the globe; and the ce of the four basic contradictions years. The PLA has greatly contribu- son. The program and theoretical camp of the oppressed and explo- under imperialism is nothing new. As ted to world revolution. Our party has writings of the AKP(m-I) also show ited peoples in the colonies and early as at the second congress of the always appreciated the firm struggle that we uphold the principles of dependent countries, which con- Comintern Lenin said: of the PLA against Khrushchev's mo- Marxism-Leninism and defend them stitute that majority;» «Thus you get the broad outli- dern revisionism, and the courageous against all kinds of revisionism. (The Foundations of Leninism, nes of the picture of the world as struggle of the Albanian people to ch.6, section 2, in Works Vol. 4, it appeared after the imperialist build socialism in a small country. pp.149 — 150.) war. In the oppressed colonies — The AKP(m-I) has always studied the (THE AKP(m-l) DISA- countries which are being dis- experiences of the Albanian revoluti- GRESS WITH THE CRITI- membered, such as Persia, Tur- key and China, and in countries on and propagated Albania as an CISM OF THE THEORY «... the focal point in example to the working class and the the Social-Democratic that were defeated and have been working people of Norway. OF THE THREE WORLDS) relegated to the position of colo- At previous talks between repre- 2. We disagree with the criticism of programme must be nies — there are 1 250 million in- sentatives of our party and comrade the theory of the three worlds. The that division of nations habitants. (Note: In this figure Le- Ramiz Alia of the Political Bureau of AKPIm-l) program from 1976 and our into oppressor and opp- nin included socialist Russia, the PLA, we discussed the fact that Resolution on social-imperialism ressed which forms the Austria-Hungary, Germany and our two parties maintain contradicto- from 1974 make it quite clear that we Bulgaria). ry attitudes to certain important is- support Mao Tsetung's theory that essence of imperialism, «Not more than 250 000 000 in- sues. Since «Zeri i Popullit» publis- the world today is to be divided in and is deceitfully eva- habit countries that have retained hed the editorial The Theory and three: the superpowers, the small ded by the social- their old positions, but have be- Practise of the Revolution July 7 this and medium-sized imperialist count- chauvinists and Kaut- come economically dependent year, we find it necessary to clarify ries, and the third world. This is the upon America ... And, finally, we our views in writing. We do this in ac- characteristic of the objective condi- sky.» have not more than 250 000 000 in- cordance with the principles empha- tions of the world today, and no cor- (Lenin: The Revolutio- habitants in countries whose top sized by comrade Mehmet Shehu in rect strategy for revolution can be nary Proletariat and the stratum, the capitalists alone, be- phis report-:on the five year plan at the drawn up if it is not founded on such Right of Nations to Self- nefit from the partition of the 7th congress of the PLA: analysis of the world situation. It may world.» «According to Marxism- be maintained that the theory of the I, Determination».) - (Coll. Works Vol. 31, p.218.) Leninism, every nation has the three worlds has been abused by Lenin did not explicitely mention right to have its say, every opportunists and enemies of Mar- «In solving the natio- socialism in this partitioning. On the other hand he insisted that: Marxist-Leninist party has the rig- xism. But this is nothing new. Lenin nal question Leninism ht to air its views.» teaches us that opportunism can be I «I would like to remind you of (Tirana 1976, p.116) expressed in the terminology of any proceeds from the folio- this picture of the world, for all ideology, Marxism included. The fact wing theses: the basic contradictions of capi- (THE PLA JEOPARDIZES that there are groups which misuse a) The world is divi- talism, og imperialism, which are UNITY WITHIN THE IN- the theory of the three worlds cannot leading up to revolution, all the be used as a pretext to rejct the theo- ded into two camps: the basic contraaictions of the wor- TERNATIONAL MARX/S7 ry itself. The essential thing is that it camp of a handful of ci- king class movement that have LENINIST MOVEWNT) gives a correct appraisal of the condi- vilized nations, which led up to the furious struggle 1. The PLA has initiated a sharp po- tions in the world today. possess finance capital against the Second International lemic in the international Marxist- On the first anniversary of the Oc- ... are all connected with this par- Leninist movement. We accept the tober revolution Stalin elucidated its and exploit the vast ma- titioning of the world's populati- right of every party to fight for its significance to world history in these jority of the population on.» own views. But we think that the words: of the globe; and the (same place) /41!;,,' Central Committee of the PLA has «1. It has widened the scope camp of the oppressed But the fact that Lenin did not .41^, • chosen a form which jeopardizes the of the national question and con- mention socialism in his partitioning unity of the international communist verted it from the particular que- and exploited peoples in of the world in three in 1920 gives us movement instead of strengthening stion of combating national opp- the colonies and depen- no reason to maintain that he «elimi- it. ression in Europe into the general dent countries, which nated the existence of socialism from On the basis of our talks with com- question of emancipating the constitute that majori- his system» or that he was an «anti- Leninist». Likewise there is no reason rade Ramiz Alia and the program of oppressed peoples, colonies and of Kampuchea which has clearly sta- the AKP(m-I) it will be known to the semi-colonies from imperialism; ty; to say such things about Mao Tse- The attack of the Albanian leaders on (Stalin: The Foundati- the three world theory is directed ted that Democratic Kampuchea is PLA that our party supports the theo- It has opened up wide possi- tung's thesis on the three worlds. part of the non-aligned movement During World War II Stalin partitio- against a large number of parties of ry of the division of the world in bilities for their emancipation and 'ons of Leninism.) and the third world. three. When the July 7 editorial cha- the right paths towards it, has ned the world in three after the Ge- the communist world movement. racterizes «advocates» and «suppor- thereby greatly facilitated the 112,C1411., rman attack on the USSR, viz. the One of them is the Communist Party ters» of the theory of the three cause of the emancipation of the fascist block, the anti-fascist block, worlds as «anti-Leninists», oppressed peoples of the West We explained previously that Sta- and the neutral countries. struggle against imperialism, the (section 10). Section 8 of the Propo- «supporters of class collaboration» and the East, and has drawn them lin's position is irreconcilable with In the early sixties, Marxist- Chinese comrades hold, is not the sal begins with these words, that were etc., we must consider this as an at- into the common current of the comrade Enver Hoxha's report to the Leninists, headed by the Communist world system of socialism, not repeated in Apologists of Neo-colo- tack on our party and on the majority victorious struggle against impe- PLA's 7th congress where the count- Party of China and the Party of Labor the struggle of the international nialism, the fourth commentary of the People's Daily and Red Flag editors of parties in the Marxist-Leninist rialism; ries of the world are divided between og Albania, carried on a sharp working class, but again, the na- of the CRSU: world movement as «anti-Leninists» It has thereby erected a brid- two categories: «bourgeois-capitalist struggle against Khrushchev's false tional liberation movement.» to the «Open Letter» etc. Not only do we reject such a cri- ge between the socialist West countries and socialist countries» communism. On the question of the (English text according to the quo- «The various kinds of contra- ticism as baseless, but we think it is and the enslaved East, having (p.173), and it seems we must repeat partitioning of the world, Khrushchev I te in Apologists of Neo-colonialism, dictions in the contemporary wrong to carry out such polemics in created a new front of revoluti- this fact. The demarcation line be- maintained in the «Open Letter» from Peking 1963, p.24.) world are concentrated in the public, as our enemies could easily ons against world imperialism, tween oppressor nations and oppres- the Communist Party of the Soviet The «Open Letter of the CPSU vast areas of Asia, Africa and La- take advantage of it. extending from the proletarians sed nations is a fundamental questi- Union (CPSU) dated July 14, 1963: was a reply to the CPCs Proposal tin America; these are the most The statement that our party, be- of the West, through the Russian on in Marxism-Leninism. There is no «... according to the new theo- Concerning the General Line of the vulnerable areas under imperialist rule and the storm centres of cause it approves of the theory of the revolution, to the oppressed peo- room for wavering. Lenin puts it like ry the main contradiction of our International Communist Movement world revolution dealing direct three worlds, should be a «supporter ples of the East.» this: time is, you see, contradiction (June 14, 1963). The Proposal divides of class collaboration», is absurd. (Works, Vol. IV, p.170. Stalin's «... the focal point in the Social- not between socialism and impe- the world in this way: «the socialist blows at imperialism.» We can assure you that workers in emphasis.) Democratic programme must be rialism, but between the national countries» (section 61, the «oppres- As far as we know, the PLA ac- Norway know very well from their Stalin explicitely assigned the im- that division of nations into opp- liberation movement and imperi- sed nations» (section 9), and the «im- kvowledged the Proposal Concerning own practise, that our party stands perialist oppressor nations and the ressor and oppressed which alism. The decisive force in the perialist and capitalist countries» the General Line of the Internationai

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Class Struggle, Oct. 1978. ( — ' 1=11111111111Mis...“---- \WW

'mmunist Movement», which we, countries where monopo,y capi- Loo, consider a sound Marxist- tal is in power ... But at the same Leninist analysis of the world situati- time the Nordic countries are not on at that time. imperialist superpowers. They Today the world situation is drasti- are small capitalist countries, un- cally changed. In our opinion this is der pressure fram the really big correctly explained in the AK P(m-1) imperialist powers, and especial- program from 1976: ly from the superpowers.» «The transformation of the So- (Documents from the First Joint viet Union from a socialist count- Meeting of Nordic Marxist-Leninists, ry to a capitalist imperialist co- January 1975, English edition p.26.) untry supported counter- Albania has also applied this cor- revolution in most previously so- rect view to its policy towards the cialist countries and people's de- Nordic countries. Albania acted cor- mocracies, transformed these co- rectly when it for instance supported untries into capitalist countries, a small imperialist country like Ice- satellites and neo-colonies of land against an intermediate imperia- social-imperialism, and demolis- list power during the «cod war» in hed the socialist camp. 1972. «While the socialist camp exi- The editorial of the «Zeri i Popullit» sted, the countries of the world of July 7, 1977 asserts: could be assigned to three gro- «It can never happen that so- ups; the countries of the imperia- called countries of the 'second list camp, the third world, and the world', in other words the big socialist camp. In 1976 we have to monopoly bourgeoisie ruling the- distinguish between them in a re, become allies of the oppres- different way. In a separate group sed peoples and nations in the we have the imperialist superpo- struggle against the two superpo- wers. Confronting them are the wers and world imperialism.» countries of the third world. In an lop.cit. p.20.( ,ntermediate position are the «Never» is a strong word, comra- smaller capitalist and imperialist des. We are not able to anticipate the countries which have contradicti- exact development of the internatio- ons to the countries of the third nal class struggle. But we would like world as well as to the imperialist to remind you of things that have oc- superpowers.» cureed in the past: AKP(m-l): Program, Norwegian «In this connection the Mee- edition p.41, from section II: Imperia- ting of the Communist Groups lism and the Proleatarian World Re- considered the Soviet Union, Gre- «In the present situation it is the volution, chapter 5: The Two Imperi- at Britain, the United States of peoples of the third world who con- alist Superpowers. English translati- America and all the enslaved peo- stitute the main force in the struggle on forthcoming.) ples who fought against the com- mon enemy — the German, Itali- against imperialism and the superpo- (THE PLA PUTS ALL an and Japanese fascists — as wers.» (From the Program of the AKP(m-I)) IMPERIALISM ON THE the allies of the Albanian people.» (...) «The Communist Party of AL- SAME LEVEL bania considered the Soviet Uni- Does not this show that it is impos- trap, single out the most impor- Elsewhere he says that the two su- ting, their general economic, fi- 3. The «Zen i Popullit» editorial of on as a loyal and sincere ally of sible from a Marxist point of view to tant enemies, and concentrate on perpowers «pose the same danger» nancial, military strength, etc. July 7, 1977 — The theory and Prac- the Albanian people, which wo- exclude temporary alliances with im- the two superpowers and their at- (p. 186). We disagree with this as- And the strength of these partici- tise of the Revolution — states: uld also help them to establish perialist countries as a matter of prin- tempts at gaining world suprema- sessment of the relative strength of pants in the division does not «Any imperialism, from its very and consolidate people's power ciple? cy.» the two superpowers. Both superpo- change to an equal degree, for nature, is always a savage enemy in Albania. Whereas Great Britain Comrade Mao Tsetung is not the (Norwegian Marxist-Leninists In- wers are the main enemies of the pe- the even development of diffe- of the proletarian revolution. and the USA were only tempora- first Marxist-Leninist to distinguish tensify the Struggle Against Social- oples of the world. But it is a well rent undertakings, trusts, branc- Therfore, to divide imperialisms ry allies in the war against the fas- between large and small imperialist Imperialism, English edition pp.57 — known that US imperialism has met a hes of industry, or countries is into more or less dangerous, from cist states.» powers. Already Lenin said: 58.) series of setbacks the last decades. It impossible under capitalism.» the strategic viewpoint of the (History of the Party of Labor of «An essential feature of imperi- This Resolution was published in is sufficient to recall that since the (Imperialism ..., Coll. Works world revolution, is wrong.» Albania, Tirana, pp. 96— 97.) alism is the rivalry between seve- English in 1975 and widely distributed 6th congress of the PLA, the US has Vol.22 p.295.) (English edition, Tirana 1977, ral great powers in teh striving for throughout the world. It should con- by no means strengthened its positi- The presentation the PLA gives to- p.29.) hegemony.» sequently be well known internatio- ons every where: on the contrary, day of the relation between the two Comrades, we find this opinion in- (Imperialism ..., in Coll. Works nally. in Indichina, it has suffered severe superpowers breaks with Lenin's compatible with Marxism-Leninism. «Our war is part and Vol.21, p.269.1 The «Zeri i Popullit» editorial talks military and political defeats. scientific thesis. In our opinion Stalin did not depart parcel of the great anti- Which great powers compete will, about «the absolutization of inter- Compare the situation in Africa to- from the «strategic viewpoint of the fascist war of the whole of course, depend on how history de- imperialist contradictions» (p.21). day with the situation there ten years world revolution» when he stated in velops. During World War I they we- But this is not the point. The point is ago. Can there be any doubt that the (THE PLA CONSIDERS 1939: world, and the alliance re above all England, France, Germa- the Marxist-Leninist principle expo- balance of power between the two THE DANGER OF WAR «The war is being carried on by of our people with the ny, the USA and Russia. In 1939 they unded by Lenin in Left-Wing Com- supperpowers has changed drastically the aggressive states which every Anglo-Soviet-American were England, France, Germany, Ja- munism, an Infantile Disorder: in favor of social-imperialism? Has AS LESS ACUTE) 5. The AKP(m-I) holds that the ten- day harm the interests of the non- bloc and with all the na- pan, Italy and the USA. Today it is «The most powerful enemy can not the USSR recently acquired a aggressive states, above all Eng- first and foremost the two superpo- be vanquished only by exerting base in the South Atlantic? Does not dency towards revolution and the land, France and the USA ...» tional liberation move- wers, the US and the USSR, which the utmost effort, and by the the Soviet Union send Cuban mer- tendency towards war are both incre- (Report to the 18th Congress of ments in the world is a are hegemonic powers. most thorough, careful, attenti- cenaries here and there on the African asing. Leninism teaches that no con- teh CPSU(b), 1939.1 vital condition for us.» In the contemporary world it is the- ve, skillful and obligatory use of continent? ferences, agreements and the like be- We also think that it is wrong that tween imperialist countries can pre- (Enver Hoxha, refore important to take advantage of any, even the smallest, rift be- Or consider our country, Norway. small imperialist countries, like for in- 1944) the schism between the two super- tween the enemies, any conflict We are very happy to see that the 7th vent war, only revolution can prevent stance Denmark and Norway, consti- powers and the other imperialist co- of interests among the bourgeoi- Congress of the PLA pointed out the war. After a concrete assessment of tute an equally serious threat to untries to split the enemy and direct sie of the various countries and danger of social-imperialist aggressi- relations of power in the world today, world revolution as the two superpo- «Any imperialism, the attack against the main one. among the various contries, and on against the Nordic countries in we have drawn the conclusion that a wers. It is evident that the class cha- from its very nature, is As far as the AKP(m-I) is concer- also by taking advantage of any, these terms: new imperialist war, a war between racter of imperialism is the same in ned this idea is not new. It was clear- even the smallest, opportunity of «... (social-imperialism) has the two superpowers, is inevitable. the imperialist superpowers as in the always a savage enemy ly ennunciated in our Resolution on winning a mass ally, even though now begun to commit arrogant We also thought that the PLA was of small imperialist countries. But this of the proletarian revo- social-imperialism from 1974: this ally is temporary, vacillating, violations of the maritime sove- the same opinion, because comrade does not mean that the superpowers lution. Therefore, to di- «Modern revisionists try to ma- unstable, unrealiable and conditi- reignity of the freedom-loving Enver Hoxha said in his speech to the on the one hand and countries like vide imperialisms into ke people believe that small and onal. Those who do not under- Nordic countries and to try to electors on October 3, 1974: Norway and Denmark on the other big imperialists are all equally im- stand this reveal a failure to un- establish its domination over all «Look out! US imperialism and have the same power, the same me- more or less dangerous, portant, saying that 'all imperia- derstand even the smallest grain the seas of the North.» Russian imperialism are leading ans, to threaten the peoples of the from the strategic view- lists represent the same danger'. of Marxism, of modern scientific (p.188) the world into another world war, earth. Accordingly, it is correct to point of the world revo- It goes without saying that, say, socialism in general.» This is quite true, and the develop- more terrible than the two previo- draw a dividing line, point out the lution is wrong.» England, cannot possibly be as a (Coll. Works. Vol.31 pp.70 — 71.) ment of the political situation in nort- us wars!» main enemy and concentrate the at- big a threat as the two superpo- We think that this analysis of Lenin hern Europe proves that Soviet (Our Policy is an Open Policy, the tack on him. Otherwise the distincti- (The Theory and Practi- wers, not because imperialists in is still entirely valid today. social-imperialism is on the offensive Policy of Proletarian Principles, Tira- on between the superpowers and the se of the Revolution) these countries are 'kinder' than to assume command over territories na, 1974, pp.50— 51) other imperialist states would be futi- the superpowers, but simply be- which US imperialism has controlled But in the report to the 7th Con- le. cause they do not possess instru- (THE AKP(m-I) DISAGREES until now. gress of the PLA the danger of war is The joint meeting of nordic ments of power equal to those of Comrades, in your assessment of actually considered less acute, and is Marxist-Leninist parties and organi- In a letter to the commandor of the the United States and the Soviet WITH THE PLA 'S the relative strength of the two su- not seen in connection with the une- zations in 1975 adopted a Statement allied forces in the Mediterranean, Union. The revisionist propagan- ASSESSMENT OF THE perpowers you disregard concrete ven development of imperialism. In on the international situation. When General Wilson, comrade Enver Hox- da is a reactionary maneuver, in- RELATIVE STRENGTH OF facts and give the impression that the July 7 editorial, the danger of war asked for an appraisal; representati- ha wrote in 1944: tended to make people inattenti- there is a balance of power between is practically neglected. This is an er- ves of the Central Committee of the «Our war is part and parcel of ve and make them ignore the THE TWO SUPER- the two superpowers. This breaks ror of principle as well as an incorrect PLA declared their full agreement the great anti-fascist war of the most dangerous imperialists — POWERS) with Lenin's thesis on the uneven de- analysis of the contemporary world. with the Statement, which contains whole world, and the alliance of the two superpowers. 4. In the report to the 7th Congress velopment of imperialist powers. Le- In his article «On the Slogan for a notably this paragraph: our people with the Anglo-Soviet- «The working class and the pe- of the PLA, comrade Enver Hoxha nin states: United States of Europe», which you «The Nordic Countries: Betwe- American bloc and with all the ople of all countries must be able states that: «... the only conceivable basis quote in another connection, Lenin en the Superpowers and the Third nationa. l iberation movements in to fight the superpowers as well «US imperialism I...) is strengt- under capitalism for the division says: World. Denmark, Finland, Swe- the world is a vital condition for as the lesser imperialists at the hening its positions everywhere, of spheres of influence, interests, den, Norway and Iceland are de- us.» same time. In this struggle they and in every way.» colonies, etc., is a calculation of veloped capitalist and imperialist (Selected Works, Vol. I, p.350) must be aware of the revisionist (p. 167.) the strength of those participa- C'T'D PAGE 6 %AAAAAAAAAA "AAAAAAAMANSO. 'SA Nettpublisering ved Forvaltningsorgan for AKPs partihistorie (www.akp.no) 2012 Class Struggle, Oct. 1978. LETTER FROM THE AKP(M-L) TO THE PARTY OF LABOR OF ALBANIA

People's Daily, Peking, in Leni- and to preach typically opportu- Theis accords with a policy our strengthens the peoples' united Statement, and in our 1976 program, C'T'D FROM PAGE 5 nism or Social-Imperialism, April nist views, causing confusion and party has practised a number of ye- front against imperialism.» is correct. We think that the attack 22, 1970, the centenary of the disorganization among the revo- ars, a policy we have published offici- lid p.60) on this view in the July 7 editorial is birth of Lenin.) lutionary forces». ally in several programmatic docu- The Statement from six Marxist- incorrect. «Under capitalism the smooth «The strong concentration of lop.cit. pp. pp.14 — 15.) ments and which we have defended Leninist parties and party-building or- In our opinion, reality shows us economic growth of individual economic and political power in These statements also apply to the in sharp polemics against trotskyists ganizations of January 1975, which that the largest revolutionary move- enterprises or individual states is the hands of the leading clique program our party adopted in 1976, and revisionists. our party signed, asserts: ments dealing the hardest blows to impossible. Under capitalism the- within the bureaucrat bourgeoi- which notably states: The Resolution of the AKP(m-I) on «In this situation it has become imperialism and reaction in the con- re are no other means of restoring sie gives this clique an especially «In the present situation it is social-imperialism from 1974 stated: apparent that many of the states temporary world, are the revolutiona- the periodically disturbed equili- good opportunity to start expan- the peoples of the third world «Both the Western monopoly of the Third World have succee- ry movements for democracy and na- brium than crises in industry and sionist adventures without mee- who constitute the main force in bourgeoisie and Soviet revisio- ded in uniting and rallying around tional liberation in the large colonial, wars in politics.» ting opposition from other gro- (Coll. Works, Vol. 21, p.341.1 ups within the bourgeoisie itself. Referring to the fact that Germany It makes it possible to concentra- by-passed England's production of te great amounts of resources on pig iron between 1892 and 1912, Le- military production and rearma- nin posed the following question: ment. It makes it possible for «What means other than war them to use violence and terror ( under capitalism 4'55/Ale' could there be against all attempts by the labo- %.4 to overcome the disparity betwe- ring masses to show their opposi- en the development of productive tion to the imperialist policies. All forces and the accumulation of this makes it very easy for Soviet 0.. capital on the one side, and the social-imperialism to arm for war division of colonies and spheres and to go to war. of indluence for finance capital «At the same time the fascist on the other?» and imperialist leaders of the So- (Imperialism ..., Coll. Works Vol. viet bureaucrat bourgeoisie make 22, p.276.) use of the glorious past and the Today the USSR has long since international prestige of the for- by-passed the US in steel production merly socialist Soviet Union. and war industry. In important branc- They use demagogic methods to hes of military power the USSR has infiltrate liberation movements by-passed the US or is on the verge and countries which are fighting of doing so. Is it not time that against other imperialist powers Marxist-Leninists recognize that ac- cording to Leninism, this rivalry un- «It is precisely this «socialist» der capitalism can only be solved by demagogy which makes social- war? imperialism an especially treac- The AKP(m-l) program of 1976 sta- herous enemy of the peoples, an tes: enemy which is harder to expose «The Soviet superpowers is still than the old imperialist powers young as an imperialist power. It were.» is still not weakened by the huge lop. cit. pp.43 — 44, same section defeats which all imperialist po- and chapter as quoted above.) wers unavoidably meet with soo- ner or later. It has been able to use the setbacks of US imperia- a lism and of other western imperi- (THE JULY 7 EDITORIAL alist powers to expand itself. It is OF «ZERI I POPULLIT» a superpower which, relatively speaking, is still advancing and ATTACKS THE THEORY expanding. The social-imperialist THAT THE THIRD WORLD superpower has characteristics CONSTITUTES THE MAIN I which make it an especially dan- FORCE IN WORLD HISTO- gerous and aggressive power. «The USSR differs from US im- RY TODAY) perialism in that economic and 6. The July 7 editorial of «Zeri i Po- political power are even more pullit» attacks the theory that the strongly centralized than in the third world constitutes the main force US and in all other imperialist co- in world history today: untries. «But to speak in general terms «The economy of the Soviet about the so-called 'third world' 4 Union is state monopoly capita- as main force of the struggle list. In politics the dictatorship of against imperialism and the revo- When assessing the relations of strength between the two superpowers the Al- between the US and the USSR have become drastically changed in favor of the monopolist bourgeoisie takes lution, as the supporters of the banian leaders disregard concrete facts and give the impression that the two the USSR. The photograph shows Soviet guided-missile destroyer entering the form of a dictatorship of the theory of the 'three worlds' are balance evenly. This opposes Lenin's thesis on the uneven development of im- the Atlantic through the Dover straits. fascist type, as Mao stated in doing, without making any di- perialist powers, and disregards facts showing that the relations of strength 1964: 'The Soviet Union is today stinction between the genuine ... a dictatorship of the big bour- anti-imperialist, reactionary and geoisie, a dictatorship of the Ge- fascist forces in power in a num- the struggle against imperialism nists do everything they can to important demands directed semi-colonial and formerly colonial rman fascist type, a dictatorship ber of developing countries, me- and the superpowers.» slander the front of the Third against the imperialist countries, areas in Asia, Africa and Latin Ameri- of the Hitler type.' (Note: this an- ans a flagrant departure from the (op.cit. p.39, same chapter as abo- World. When the peoples of the and especially against the two su- ca. There are the areas included in alysis by Mao was quoted by the teachings of Marxism-Leninism ve.) Third World get together at con- perpowers. This has notably oc- the concept of the «third world». ferences and denounce the explo- curred at UN conferences on raw The type of revolution which is the itation of poor countries by rich materials, economic develop- first step in most of these countries is imperialist countries, the revisio- ment, law of the sea, population what Lenin, Stalin and Mao term pe- nists talk about 'the reactionary etc. The countries that have sup- ople's democracy or new democracy. leaders in the underdeveloped co- ported this struggle have contri- They teach us that this kind of revo- untries'. When the USA is voted buted to the weakening and the lution makes it possible to proceed to down in the UN, they talk about isolation of the superpowers, irre- the construction of socialism in such the 'unacceptable majority dicta- spective of the fact that many of countries. It is the struggle of the tornip of extremists that will de- them are governed by regimes masses for new democratic and soci- stroy the world organization'. with a reactionary domestic poli- alist revolutions which is the main They call Chinese and Albanian cy. force in the struggle against imperia- support to the peoples of the «It is an important task for the lism today and the motive force in third world 'opportunism', and working class and the people of world history in the year 1977. they say that China is practising a the imperialist countries to sup- This view accords with the pole- 'nationalistic great power policy'. port the struggle of the Thrid mics conducted by Marxist-Leninists This shows that the peoples of World.» against the revisionists in the early the Third World are heading in the lop.cit. p.19) sixties. In the Proposal Concerning right direction. It shows that the the General Line of the International foreign policy of China and Alba- Communist Movement (1963) the nia is a consistent and principled «The various types of Central Committee of the CPC put it anti-imperialist foreign policy, this way: hitting the superpowers where it contradictions in the «The various types of contra- hurts the most. Real anti- contemporary world are dictions in the contemporary imperialists ought to fight the ha- concentrated in the vast world are concentrated in the teful propaganda against the areas of Asia, Africa vast areas of Asia, Africa and La- front of the Third World and sup- tin America; these are the most port the correct foreign policy of and Latin America; the- vulnerable areas under imperialist China and Albania, the most un- se are the most vulnera- rule and the storm centres of faltering support given by any go- ble areas under imperia- world revolution dealing direct vernment to fight against imperi- list rule and the storm blows at imperialism. alism.» centres of world revolu- «The national democratic revo- lop. cit. pp. 60 — 61.1 lutionary movement in these are- In its polemics against the signifi- tion dealing direct as and the international socialist cance of the struggle of the third blows at imperialism.» revolutionary movement are the world, the PLA refers to king Khaled (Proposition Concer- two great historic currents of our and the shah of Iran as «evidence» time. that it is correct to reject even the ning the central Lina ...) «The national democratic revo- concept of the third world. Our an- lution in these areas is an impor- swer to this was formulated long tant component of the contem- ago: This Statement was favorably porary proletarian world revoluti- «It is irrelevant whether some commented by «Zeri i Popullit». At a on. governments at the same time re- meeting with a delegation from our «The anti-imperialist revolutio- present a reactionary policy and party in spring 1975, the PLA repre- nary struggles of the people in are extremely unreliable allies. As sentative affirmed that the PLA sha- Asia, Africa and Latin America long as they for some reason or red the views of the Statement on all are pounding out and undermi- other oppose the superpowers, points included therein. this objectively weakens the su- We think that the view expressed Albanian leaders have explicitely stated to the AKPOn-11 that they do not recognize Mao Tsetung as a Marxist-Leninist perpowers and objectively in the 1974 Resolution, in the 1975 C'T'D PAGE 7 classic. Nettpublisering ved Forvaltningsorgan for AKPs partihistorie (www.akp.no) 2012

Class Struggle, Oct. 1978.

LETTER I nn THE AKP(M-L) TO THE PARTY OF LABOR OF ALBANIA

The «Zeri i Popullit» editorial of Ju- does not point out that Leninists serted that the theories of the «third Our own party, the AKP(m-I), is to create unity on a correct basis. On C'T'D FROM PAGE 6 ly 7 has also this to say about certain must also take advantage of conflicts world» and «non aligned countries» still small and young and has not yet the contrary, they can be misused to politicians in the third world: between such heads of state and im- oppose revolution and defend capita- achieved much. But it is undoubtfully further fi.Ictionism and disruption. ning the foundations of the rule «In essence, according to the perialism. The editorial errs when lism. fighting against the superpowers, the We have observed that the organi- of imperialism and colonialism, theory of the 'three worlds', the claiming that correct Leninists tactics These are blows directed against Norwegian monopoly bourgeoisie zation of Hardial Bains, the so-called old and new, and are now a mig- peoples of those countries must require the revolutionary forces to the Communist Party of China and and for socialist revolution. «Communist Party of Canada (M-L)» hty force in defence of world pea- not fight for instance against the «give up the revolution». On the comrade Mao Tsetung who personal- It is accordingly quite incorrect to has propagated these meetings. We ce. bloody fascist dictatorships of contrary, the result of their applicati- ly worked out the theory of the three identify these parties with revisionism will therefore once more draw your «In a sense, therefore, the who- Geisel in Brazil and Pinochet in on is the strengthening of the revolu- worlds. They are directed against our and imperialism. It is entirely wrong attention to the fact that we are ut- le cause of the international pro- Chile, Suharto in Indonesia, the tionary movement. party, since we in our program, in ar- to say that these parties have betray- terly convinced that Bains operates letarian revolution hinges on the Shah of Iran or the King of Jordan We support our Marxist-Leninist ticles and in conversations with you ed the revolution. as an agent for an imperialist super- outcome of the revolutionary etc., because they allegedly are comrades in the third world when have expressed our support of the We find it very harmful that the power. struggles of the people of these part of 'the revolutionary motive they say that the contradiction be- theory of the three worlds. They are «Zeri i Popullit» editorial of July 7 can areas, who consitute the overw- force which is driving the wheel tween the bourgeoisie and the prole- also directed against a large number be interpreted in this way. helming majority of the world's of world history forward'.» population. (op.cit. p.151 «Therefore the anti-imperialist Our party holds that it is not cor- revolutionary struggle of the peo- rect that these men are «the leaders ple in Asia, Africa and Latin Ame- of the third world». The leaders of rica is definitely not merely a mat- the third world are revolutionaries like ter of regional significance, but the Marxist-Leninist parties in Bur- one of overall importance for the ma, Thailand, Malaya who are wa- whole cause of proletarian world ging people's wars, like the freedom revolution.» fighters of Azania and Zimbabwe, (Peking 1963, pp.12— 13) etc. It is these revolutionary comba- The Central Committee of the PLA tants who are the vanguard of the expressed its full support of the views movement for new democratic revo- of the CPC, notably in an editorial in lution in the third world. It is therefo- «Zeri i Popullit». Under the headline re not correct to say that various re- «A Document of Great International actionary heads of state are the lea- Significance» the «Zeri i Popullit» edi- ders of the third world. torial commented the Proposal in Furthermore, it is the opinion of these terms: our party that Marxist-Leninists must «It is the high internationalist develop revolutionary tactics with re- duty of all socialist countries and spect to the heads of state of the va- all communist parties to give rious countries in Asia, Africa and La- their unconditional help and sup- tin America, on the basis of what Le- port to the national democratic nin teaches us. Since only a few of movement in these areas, which these countries have carried out real constitute the overwhelming ma- socialist revolutions, most of their he- jority of the world's population. ads of state represent domestic ex- These movements are the most ploiting classes, foreign imperialists, important and mightiest allies of or both. Revolutionary Leninist tac- the international communist mo- tics do not imply creating any illusi- vement. Without an alliance with ons about these politicians, but make them there can be no talk of any it imperative that we take advantage victory or consolidation of the so- of the situation if they turn against cialist revolution in the other co- imperialism on certain issues. untries.» The Resolution of the AKP(m-l) (July 24, 1963, our translation.) from autumn 1974 asserted: «All real anti-imperialists wel- e «The struggle that th come this development. We do so Emir of Afganistan is without any vain hopes that di- waging for the indepen- plomatic action from countries with different forms of govern- dence of Afghanistan is ment — including regimes with objectively a revolutiona- reactionary domestic policies and ry struggle despite the imperialist countries — can possi- Imonarchist views of the bly replace people's war as a me- ans to defeat the superpowers. Emir and his associates, «However, the united front of for it weakens, disinte- states is not opposed to the The Albanian leaders attack the theory that the third world is the motive force opposition of such reactionary leaders against the superpowers. The photo- grates and undermines struggle for revolution. Because in world history. In their polemics against this theory they emphasize some of graph shows a demonstration in Zaire against the Soviet-Cuban intervention. imperialism ...» if as many as possible of the the reactionary leaders of these countries, and disregard the significance of the (Stalin: The Foundations world's countries go against the imperialist superpowers, then tariat is not yet the main contradicti- of parties in the Communist world (THE PLA HAS SUPPOR- of Leninism) this will limit their scope of action on in their country. This does not im- movement. Among them is the Com- (THE PLA DOES NOT (Stalin: The Foundations and weaken them. This again ply that they «give up class struggle», munist Party of Kampuchea, which TED INTERNATIONAL CONSIDER MAO TSE- Hof Leninism.) strengthens those forces waging but that they realize that the main has asserted that Democratic Kam- MEETINGS WHICH HAVE TUNG A MARXIST- wars of independence and the contradiction at the moment is be- puchea is part of the non-aligned mo- ATTACKED THE CPC) LENINIST CLASS/C) Thus, in 1963, the Albanian and masses fighting for revolution.» tween imperialism and the oppressed vement and the third world. They are Chinese communists correctly ap- (Norwegian Marxist-Leninists ... nation, and that class struggle must also directed against many other par- 9. In conversations with represen- praised the significance of the op.cit. p.59) be conducted with regard to this ties, such as the Communist Party of 8. The Albanian press has loudly tatives from the AKP(m-l), Comrade struggles of the third world in 1963. As mentioned above, the State- fact. In our opinion the «Zeri i Popul- Burma and a large number of other supported the meetings which were Ramiz Alia has explicitely stated that What is the situation in 1977? Has ment from the nordic parties and par- lit» not only wrongly criticizes these parties and organizations in Europe, held in Ludwigshafen, Rome, etc., the PLA does not consider Mao Tse- the revolutionary struggle in Asia, ty building organizations pointed out: comrades, it also contradicts the America, Africa and Oceania. during the first half of 1977. tung a Marxist-Leninist classic on a Africa and Latin America decreased? «The countries (of the third Marxist-Leninist view which is put We have another opinion on these par with Marx, Engels, Lenin and No, as we know it has grown sub- world) that have supported this forward in the PLA's own history: meetings. As you know, the AKP(m- Stalin. We think this is a mistake, an stancially in extent, assumed a clea- struggle have contributed to the «The Communist Party of Alba- «The Communist Party I) does not oppose multi-national me- underestimation of Mao Tsetung. In etings on principle. But such mee- the point of view of the AKPIm-l), rer political orientation and won mas- weakening and the isolation of nia did not call for the intensifica- of Albania did not call sive victories over imperialism and re- the superpowers, irrespective of tings must advance and not weaken Mao is not only a Marxist-Leninist tion of class struggle within the for the intensification of action. Many Marxist-Leninist parties the fact that many of them are led country, nor did it launch slogans unity in the internatinal Marxist-- classic, but he is one of the greatest. head peoples' wars of considerable by regimes with a reactionary do- calling on the people to rise class struggle within the Leninist movement, and they must It is he more than anybody else who significance in their own country. mestic policy.» against the landlords, the tribal country, nor did it launch advance and not weaken the struggle has developed the Marxist-Leninist against the two superpowers. We theory that the revolution must conti- Class struggle in the developed ca- (Documents op.cit. p.18) chieftans and the bourgeoisie; to slogans calling on the pitalist countries and in the two su- This line accords with Stalin's cor- support and participate in such mee- nue under the dictatorship of the pro- th end it directed its main efforts people to rise against the perpowers themselves has also wit- rect assessment of the Emir of Afg- against the fascist invaders. The tings only on very strict conditions. letariat. He has defended and further nessed an upsurge. Our party itself hanistan in 1924. This assessment is class struggle was intensified by landlords, the tribal We hold that the meetings in Lud- developed dialectic and historic ma- has grown forth in the course of this not based on the fact that this feuda- the open treachery of the exploi- chieftains and the bour- wigshafen etc. have broken with de- terialism and made a comprehensive mands that must necessarily be ad- analysis of contemporary imperialism upsurge, and has for many years led list played any revolutionary role in ting classes.» geoisie; to the end it important class struggles in a develo- his own country, but points on the (History..., p.233.) vanced with regard to the relations- and the conditions for revolution to- ped capitalist country. But is it possi- contrary to the fact that he represen- directed its main efforts hip between parties and international day. To disregard Mao as a classic ble to consider the extent and signifi- ted reactionary monarchist ideas. At (THE PLA ATTACKS against the fascist inva- meetings. In the spring of 1977 we in- means to disregard one of the shar- cance of this upsurge of class strugg- the same time Stalin emphasized that BOTH THE CPC AND ers.» formed the Central Committee of the pest weapons against imperialism, le in the developed countries as equal communists had to support the The History of the PLA) PLA that we had broken our party re- social-imperialism and modern revisi- to the revolutionary storms which ha- struggle conducted by the Emir for THE AKP(m-I) lationship with the KPD/ML (Com- onism. This is our position on this ve swept over Asia, Africa and Latin the independence of the country, be- 7. The «Zeri i Popullit» editorial sta- e( munist party of Germany/ ML, week- matter. It has been ours since our America during the same period? Re- cause it weakened imperialism and tes: Reality shows that the «Zeri i Po- ly paper «Roter Morgen»), because movement was established more ality shows us they cannot be consi- was objectively revolutionary: «To follow this 'theory' (of the pullit» editorial's characteristic of the the leaders of the KPD/ML support than a decade ago. dered equal. Class struggle in Europe «The struggle that the Emir of three worlds) means to divert the three world theory is incorrect. The the revisionist «gang of four» in Chi- Comrades, has made tremendous progress. Can Afghanistan is waging for the in- revolutionary movement from Communist Party of China is and has na and slander comrade Hua and the We have repeatedly declared how this progress be compared to the re- dependence of Afghanistan is ob- the right road, to abandon revolu- been a mighty force in the struggle Central Committee of the CPC as highly we value the significant expe- volutionary victories in Indochina? jectively a revolutionary struggle tion half way, to separate it from against imperialism, social- «bourgeois revisionists». On this rience of the Party of Labor of Alba- Can the level of class struggle in Nor- despite the monarchist views of the proletarian revolution in the imperialism and revisionism, and a background, our party could no lon- nia, how highly we value friendship way or Germany be compared to the the Emir and his associates, for it other countries, to set the strugg- powerful supporter of the liberation ger recognize the KPD/ML as a revo- with the heroic Albanian people. The level of the revolutionary wars in Bur- weakens, disintegrates, and un- le of the peoples and the proleta- movements and the Marxist-Leninist lutionary Marxist party. The Lud- experience of the PLA constitutes an ma or Thailand, where Marxist- dermines imperialism ...» riat of those countries on an anti- parties. wigshafen meeting was organized by important reserve for the internatio‘- Leninists are leading people's wars? (The Foundations of Leninism, in Marxist and revisionist course.» The Communist Party of Kampuc- the KPD/ML. This organization has nal struggle of the working class. The Reality gives us no reason to alter Works Vol VI, p.148; see chapter 6, «The present theories about the hea has won victory in a mighty revo- also participated in the other mee- Albanian revolution is an important the correct appraisal of the revolutio- section 11. so-called 'third world', 'non- lution, beaten US imperialism in the tings. We think that the participation contribution to the struggle against nary struggle in Asia, Africa and La- This correct Leninist assessment aligned countries' etc., are inten- battlefield, defeated the intrigues of of Marxist-Leninist parties at mee- imperialism, social-imperialism, and tin America that the Chinese and Al- did not imply that Stalin directed the ded to curb the revolution and de- social-imperialism, established the tings together with parties like the all reaction. The AKPIm-l) will conti- banian communists made in 1963. Afghan people to refrain from fig- fend capitalism, which must not dictatorship of the proletariat and KPD/ML is harmful because it di- nue to study your experience and the Today there is all the more reason to hting against the monarchism of the be hindered in the exercising of commenced the construction of soci- storts the lines of demarcation be- PLA may rest assured that our party assert the definite significance of the Emir. At the same time it correctly to- its hegemony, but should practi- alism. tween real Marxist-Leninists and revi- will always fight against imperialism, struggle of the peoples of the third ok advantage of the conflict between se some forms of domination Several of the parties we mentio- sionists. social-imperialism, and modern revi- world. the Emir and British imperialism. Sta- which are slightly more accepta- ned are leading revolutionary liberati- These meetings have been used by sionism. We think that the July 7 editorial lin shows that this is a policy which ble to the peoples.» on wars in their own countries. Many some of the participants to launch at- Long live proletarian internationa- incorrectly underestimates the signi- strengthens and does not weaken the (op.cit. p.11 and pp.16 —17) others contribute significantly to the tacks on the Communist Party of Chi- lism. ficance of the struggle for socialist revolutionary movement. In these paragraphs the theory of struggle against US imperialism, na, and also to spread other ideas Comradely greetings from the and new democratic revolution in the It is our opinion that the «Zeri i Po- the three worlds is characterized as social-imperialism, and reaction in which we consider incorrect. It is our Central Committee of the AKP(m-l( third world. pullit» editorial is incorrect when it anti-Marxist and revisionist. It is as- their own country. opinion that such meetings are not fit A SAD AND 5. We MustNettpublisering Learn ved Forvaltningsorgan From for AKPs partihistorie (www.akp.no)WORKERS AND OPPRESSED 2012 OF ALL COUNTRIES, UNITE! DANGEROUS Historical Experience SITUATION A Deplorable Develop- ment comments on the social- CLASS STRIC11 — We hold that current Albanian ap- imperialist offensive against praisals of the world situation do not Vietnam and Albania. accord with objective facts. People whose access is restricted to Albanian publications will not get a u:* correct impression of the social- imperialist offensive. Several Albani- INTERNATIONAL BULLETIN OF WCP(M-L) - AKP(m1) C'Titl FROM PAGE 3 an commentaries even glorify this of- and is instead directed against the fensive and can be used to propagate Workers' Communist Party (Marxist-Leninist), Norway Us. China, and Kampuchea. it. The editorial of July 7, 1977, was favorably cited by Pravda. The edito- r. 2.30 No. 12. October 1978 rial of June 24, 1978, has also been Mobutu, but not Castro favorably received by the brezhnevi- In their polemics against the advo- tes. cates of Mao's three world theory, We deeply regret this. the Albanian leaders have strongly emphasized the fact that many state Support to Albania leaders in the third world are reactio- Albania is a small country. Alba- nary. nia cannot menace anybody. The Al- This rather trivial fact represents banian people and the Albanian com- nothing new to Marxist-Leninists. munists have made great co ributions However, we want to point out that to the struggle against revisionism, the PLA leaders have omitted every the defense of socialism and the inde- pro-Soviet element in their list over pendence of Albania. We will not forget this. We will al- reactionary heads of state. The Albanian people and the Albanian communists have made an important The PLA leaders have for instance ways be greatful for everything we, Norwegian communists, have learned contribution to the struggle against modern revisionism, to defend socialism mentioned the shah of Iran and king and Albania's independence. But the current polemics waged by the Albanian Polemics Khaled of Saudi Arabia. Both are un- from the Albanian communists and the Albanian workers and peasants. leaders are harmful and may confuse some honest people who respect Albania LETTER FROM THE AKP(M-L) TO doubtedly reactionary. But they have in the World A harmful aspect of the current because of their previous struggle against revisionism. Therefore we must criti- never mentioned Agostinho New or cize their views and point out our disagreements. Communist Mengistu Haile Mariam, both of polemics of the Albanian leaders is that sincere people who respect Alba- whom are at least as reactionary and he essential question prior to THE CENTRAL COMMITTEE OF THE «,4 Sad and Dangerous Situation», nia because of their record of struggle Movement as big butchers as the shah or king because it deals with a negative deve- World War I was this: revolutionary against revisionism, may now beco- Norwegian Marxist-Lenin- Khaled. lopment in two countries that have struggle against the war, or let the ists have traditionally had go- me confused. Therefore we have to This spring, «Zeri i Popullit» has carried out socialist revolutions: Viet- workers be mobilized to slaughter od relations with both the Par- PARTY OF LABOR OF ALBANIA put forth our criticism and point out repeatedly and violently criticized nam and Albania. each other? ty of Labor of Albania and the our disagreement. But we do not Mobutu. As for us, we have never As far as the general world situati- The essential question prior to Communist Party of China, as want to bring up more than we consi- This letter was written last autumn, concealed the fact that we consider on is concerned, there are both pro- World War Il was this: to mobilize or well as with many other par- der absolutely necessary. We do not as a reply to «The Theory and Practi- Mobutu a reactionary. But the Alba- mising and somber factors. The pro- not to mobilize to crush the fascist ties and organizations of the want to harm Albania. Therefore we nian criticism has not defended Zai- gress of social-imperialism is a nega- imperialist powers? world communist movement. se of the Revolution» published by shall continue to restrain our criti- re's right to remain an independent tive factor. The intensification of the The distinction between correct We hold that the existence of cism. «Zeri i Popullit» July 7, 1977. It was state, and it has refrained from attac- struggles in the third world, the gro- and incorrect answers to these questi- contradictions is natural and Since we wish Albania the best of only made known to party members, king social-imperialist aggression. wing resistance against the two super- ons drew the dividing line between re- that while everybody should everything, we are worried about the and not published until July 17, 1978. On no occasion since 1976 has Fi- powers and the advance of the volutionaries and opportunists, be- clarify their positions on the direction taken by the Albanian pole- del Castro been criticized by the Al- Marxist-Leninist world movement tween victory and defeat. basis of Marxism-Leninism, The PLA leadership has not replied. mics. On the other hand, we are hap- banian leadership. are all positive factors. The current situation is such that contradictions should not be The letter rejects the criticism of py as long as Albania steers clear of The Chinese government has deve- In the long run we are optimistic. we must be prepared to cope with discussed in full view of the both superpowers. That is a positive the three world theory, and criticizes loped its diplomacy towards states Social-imperialism is basically weak. sharp contradictions and rapid and enemy. aspect. We regret the fact tht the Al- important mistakes committed by the governed by various regimes, and ra- Ravage and plunder will only serve to surprizing fluctuations. To study the The AKP(m-I) held its 2nd banian leaders attack revolutionaries. rely criticizes the domestic policies or isolate it more and more both at ho- main contradictions, to learn from congress in November 1976. PLA leaders, such as their incorrect They do not consistently criticize the state leaders of other countries in pu- me and abroad. It will never succeed them, to improve our ability to di- The PLA leadership greeted it assessment of the relative strength of social-imperialism of the USSR. Ho- The letter from the AKP(m-l) blic. in achieving world hegemony, but stinguish between correct and incor- in these terms: «They (the Al- wever, they still criticize certain the superpowers, and disregard of the to the PLA shows that the new li- In recent years the Albanian lea- will certainly be defeated. rect lines: all this is essential. Then we banian communists) solidarize aspects of Soviet policy. We think it war threat and the significance of the ne of the PLA leadership is cont- ders have adopted a different policy. But before being defeated it will will be able tor turn bad things to with the revolutionary line and would be better for them to continue rary to basic principles defended They allegedly think it is a serious probably launch a third world war. godd things. Ruptures and struggle activity of your party» (see struggles of the third world. It emp- to do so, rather than discontinuing all and applied by these three classics mistake not to publicly criticize reac- can make us work out a clearer poli- «Zeri i Popullit» Nov. 24, 1976). criticism of the USSR. Tendencies developing today point hasizes the role of Mao Tsetung, and of Marxism-Leninism. It was sent tionary heads of state. But if this is clearly to the outbreak of such a war. cy, and help us find the right path to Yet at the 7th congress of the If social-imperialism or any other concludes that the AKP(m-I) will al- to the PLA last autumn as a reply the case, they commit a grave mistake A typical feature of pre-war situa- victory. PLA some days earlier, several imperialist power makes any attempt ways fight against imperialism, to attacks against the AKP(m-l), by sparing a particular group of pro- tions is rapid fluctuations caused by In our opinion the present contra- positions held by the AKP(m-l) to seize control over Albania, we will the Communist Party of China, Soviet state leaders that are very reac- the constant sharpening of the most dictions must teach us to improve our were criticized. July 7, 1977, social-imperialism and modern revisi- support Albania, despite our disagre- and other Marxist-Leninists, con- tionary and extremely blood-stained. important contradictions. Similar ra- studies of Marxism-Leninism-Mao «Zeri i Popullit» published an onism. ement with the Albanian leaders on tained in the July 7, editorial of pid fluctuations and sharper contra- Tsetung Thought and Mao's three editorial which branded advo- certain questions. We are still hoping «Zeri i Popullit», «The Theory dictions must necessarily also arise world theory, and to improve our cates of the three world theo- of for a turn to the best. EE PAGE 4 and Practise of the Revolution». An Important Part within the communist and anti- ability to wage struggle against the ry, like the AKP(m-I), as -°'°.v Reality is Eliminated We Must Learn From imperialist movements. Sharp pole- two superpowers and in particular «counter-revolutionary». -,•441111•11M '.ill'' the more dangerous: social- The AKP(m-I) replied to the It is a remarkable feature of Alba- Historical Experience mics, struggles and ruptures are ine- This series of articles bears the title vitable. imperialism. (July 25) July 7 editorial by a letter to nian commentary on foreign affairs the PLA of which only party A SAD AND DANGEROUS SITUATION over the past few years, that every members were informed. We fact susceptible of pointing to the in- movement, comprising the AKP US dollars: 5.- .. still refrained from any public creasing danger of war, such as So- r Comments on the «Zeri i Popullit» Editorial ...., CLASS STRUGGLE .. criticism of the PLA leaders- viet provocations in Europe, Soviet ... (m-1) and its two youth organi- (Ask for special air mail rates). .... E Class Struggle is the international zations, the Red Youth - RU Payment to: .... hip. But we published Norwe- military expansion etc., has been sy- ...... of June 24 am. Rod Ungdom - and the Commu- gian translations of key docu- Imperialists, Hands Off Vieinam bulletin of Klassekampen, the • ...m » Class Struggle, « stematically neglected...... daily paper of the Workers' nist Student League of Norway P. O. Box 2046 Gritherlokka ments from the CPC and the This expresses the official thesis of ... 1978, the PLA affir- .. Communist Party (Marxist-Lenin- - NKS Norges Kommunistiske Oslo 5, NOR WA Y mum PLA. We clarified our own In January the Albanian leaders: that the threat w. Studentforbund. ... ist) WCP(M-L), Norway - Arbei- Postal account No. 2 32 35 90 ... views in a number of articles, med a formal «neutrality» towards of war is not increasing. .... Letters to the editor or to the .... dernes Kommunistparti (marxist- Bank account No. 1600 4027667 = and pointed out that the three the Vietnamese invasion of Kam- This represents a change of policy. ..= leninistene AKP(m-l). It is pub- A KP(m-1): please write to: - ... world theory is contained in puchea. But June 24, aZeri i Po- (bank: Sparebankett Oslo Akers .. -,, 1/ In the past, «Zeri i Popullit» carried A lished 4 to 6 times a year. Its 1iPOPULLIT In. Class Struggle .. our party program. pullit» supported Vietnam against' .e hus) ... ORGAN I KOMITETIT OENDROR TE PPSH reports about events such as provoca- .... purpose is to inform readers: P. O. Box 211, Sentrum /0 ... Events this summer made it Kampuchea, insinuated that China tive Soviet violations of Norwegian ..... - of superpower aggression against Bank cheque can be tnade out .... E shtune, 24 qershor 1978 N.. Oslo I, NOR WA Y =in impossible for the AKP(m-I) to has become imperialist, and presen- airspace. The report to the 1976 con- .... Norway. Class Struggle or Egil Fossum, at IN= Responsible editor: Egil Fossum continue to avoid an open cri- ted an analysis of the situation in gress expressed support to the nordic .... - of class struggle in Norway, this address: P. 0. Box 2046, ... In. ... ticism of the new line of the south-east Asia that does not even - of struggle against modern revi- SUBSCRIPTIONS OR GrUnerlokka, Oslo 5, NOR- ...m 0 ZERI countries against Soviet pressure in ...... AMITE mention social-imperialism. .... sionism in Norway. INDIVIDUAL COPIES: WA Y. ,n, PLA leadership. This issue of D the North. We appreciated this, but .. UART E IMPERIALIST------E.... - of the activities and policy of 6 copies by surface mail: ..m Class Struggle and the previo- we do np:',1ultiw that it has been repe- ..... nn EVE ... the Norwegian Marxist-Leninist Norwegian kroner: 20.- Printed by A /S Duplotrykk, Oslo. i us one contain our main cont- NGA ated. ributions to this criticism. VIETNim" SEE PAGE 1 (July 24) 5111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111iiiiiiiIIIIIIIM 81111111rk, AEI