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The Foreign Service Journal, November 1943

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The Foreign Service Journal, November 1943 g/,c AMERICAN FOREIGN SERVICE JOURNAL NOVEMBER, 1943 ...but it's whiskey, sir... ..moreover, it's American whiskey, sir... ...in fact, it's THREE FEATHERS, sir! Smart people choose American whiskey nowadays Wherever whiskey is known . and From there to a passion for THREE where isn’t it? . American whiskey FEATHERS is just a step. For is rapidly acquiring a name to con¬ THREE FEATHERS is the American jure with. whiskey par excellence . smooth, People are waking up to the fact mellow, satisfying. that America, too, has its whiskey tra¬ Are you overlooking something fine dition ... and are drawing conclusions from your own land? Try THREE YANQUI Y SODA: A new twist to an old whiskey standby. Here’s from the fact that world sales of FEATHERS in what Latin America how to make it: 1 . Pour an ounce and one-half of Three Feathers in American whiskies top those of any is rapidly learning to call a “Yanqui a highball glass. 2. Add ice, if you like ice, in your tall drinks. 3. other kind. y Soda”! Fill glass with soda. 4. Twist a piece of lemon peel over drink, and serve. OLDETYME DISTILLERS CORPORATION, Empire State Building, New York THE AMERICAN WHISKEY THREE FEATHERS PAR EXCELLENCE # This rallying cry is appearing in all Schenley advertising in Latin America LIBERTY CONTENTS AMERICAN EASTERN NOVEMBER, 1943 TRADING & SHIPPING C0.,S.A.E. Cover Picture: “Mexican Summer’* Alexandria and Suez (Egypt) See page 611 Branches or Agents in: The North African Imbroglio 561 By Bernard Metz Alexandria Jaffa Cairo Jerusalem Port Said Haifa The Beginning of American-Russian Relations.. 566 Suez Beirut By Harry Van Me mark Port Sudan Iskanderon Khartoum Damascus Naval Medical Center—photo 567 Djibouti Ankara Addis Ababa Izmir Jedda Istanbul Problem of Water in Chungking 568 Nicosia The Rehoboth Bastards 569 By James Orr Den by AMERICAN IRAQI SHIPPING CO., LTD. (Only American-Owned Shipping Firm Umbrella Ants of Dutch Guiana 572 By Mabel E. Memminger in Persian Gulf) Editors’ Column 574 Basrah and Baghdad (Iraq; Under Secretary Edward R. Stettinius 575 Branches or Agents in: Baghdad Bandar Abbas News from the Department 576 Basrah Teheran By Jane Wilson Khorramshahr Bahrein Bandar Shahpour Ras Tannurah News from the Field 580 Abadan Koweit Bushire Mosul The Bookshelf 582 Francis C. de W olf, Review Editor Presentation to the Sultan of Morocco—photos 584 Files 586 By Leonard E. Thompson Service Glimpses 587 In Memoriam 598 Retirements 599 Births 610 Statement of Ownership and Management 611 Visitors 612 New York Representatives AMERICAN EASTERN CORP. Near East Division Issued monthly by the American Foreign Service Associa¬ tion, Department of State, Washington, D. C. Entered as 30 Rockefeller Plaza Circle 6-0333 second-class matter at the Post Office in Washington, D. C., under the act of March 3. 1879. New York 20, N. Y. No\ EMBER, 1943 No Passport Needed! ROYAL SCARLET FINE FOODS Recognized Everywhere For Fine Quality Since 1811 Don't you agree that the reputation behind a food product offers a sound buying guide? R. C. Williams & Company (distributor of Royal Scarlet Foods) has a reputation for fine quality that goes back 131 years . .. further than any other food wholesaler in New York. How was that reputation won? By making certain that every package carrying our label meets the highest standards of quality. Over a period of years, it has been our privilege to serve many Embassies, Consulates and Legations throughout the world. Our knowledge of the details incidental to this type of trade enables us to offer the most complete type of service . under all conditions. You are invited to investigate — no obligation whatsoever. Your inquiry or order will receive special attention when sent to: EXPORT DEPARTMENT R. C. WILLIAMS & CO., Inc. 25th STREET and 10th AVENUE NEW YORK CITY, N. Y. R. C. WILLIAMS & CO., INC. NEW YORK CITY, N. Y. NEW YORK CITY LIC. LL No. 1 We carry a complete line of wines and liquors including the finest available domestic and imported brands. Every care is taken to provide efficient service and to assure your complete satisfaction. For further information, please do not hesitate to communicate with our Export Department. 558 THE AMERICAN FOREIGN SERVICE JOURNAL INDEX FOR ADVERTISERS American Eastern Corp. 557 American Security and Trust Company ~~ 589 American Tobacco Co. 591 Association of Pacific Fisheries 611 Bacardi, Compania Ron, S.A. 595 Calvert School ...„ 608 Chase National Bank 608 Federal Storage Company 605 Firestone Tire and Rubber Co 560 Grace Line 601 Glide’s 611 Clippers on duty- International Telephone & Telegraph Co. 603 far the Duration Liggett & Myers Tobacco Co. 596 VERY soon after the war is over, it will Mayflower Hotel ... 598 be possible for the average American and his family to board a Clipper and spend National Geographic Magazine 592 their two weeks’ vacation in China ... or Brazil, or Russia or Egypt, or any other dis¬ National City Bank 606 tant part of the globe. Pan-American Airways, Inc 559 Today, of course, everything that Pan American can offer—experience and trained Schenley Products II & III COVERS personnel, transport operations and facil¬ ities— has been placed at the disposal of the Security Storage Company of Washington 589 governmental and military services of the United States—for the duration. Socony-Vactnim Oil Co., Inc. 604 Pan American World Airways System Texaco Petroleum Products ... 607 Tyner, Miss E. .1. 611 United Fruit Company 609 United States Fidelity and Guaranty Company... 609 Waldorf-Astoria Hotel TV COVER Westinghouse Electric International Co. ... 600 Williams, R. C. & Co. 558 Please mention THE AMERICAN FOREIGN SERVICE JOURNAL when writing to advertisers. NOVEMBER. 1943 559 .sT' \) IN THE WAR-TIME IN THE PEACE-TIME WORLD QF TODAY WORLD OF TOMORROW \ ^ ^ * \|8L r ' ^ ;* . \>> 4 METALLIC BELT LINKS FOR 50-CALIBER MACHINE GUNS BOFORS 40-MM BRAKE LINING Mm ANTI-AIRCRAFT GUN CARRIAGES c SHATTERPROOF OXYGEN CYLINDERS SPARK Tilton* PLUGS ALWAYS A LEADER In Quality, Value and "Know How” TODAY, Firesto ne factories all over the world are turning out hundreds of different products for our armed forces made from natural DELUXE CHAMPION and synthetic rubber, metals and plastics. And PASSENGER CAR TIRES . each of these upholds the traditions of high quality and extra value that have always distin¬ guished Firestone products. GROUNO GRIP TRUCK-BUS Yes, Firestone “know-how” is working full¬ HEAVY DUTY TIRES TYPE ND COMBAT time for Uncle Sam these days. But some day— CONSTRUCTION soon, we hope—the roar of guns and the blast of bombs will cease. And Firestone will again demonstrate its ability to change over quickly from the materials of war to the products of peace. When that day comes, Firestone will be ready with a wider range of products of higher quality and of still greater value than any that have ever borne the name “Firestone.” TRANSPORT HEAVY DUTY TUBES FOR TRUCKS ANO BUSES MOTOR SUPPORTS BARRAGE BALLOONS ^CHAMPION LEAKPROOF HEAVY DUTY TUBES RUBBER AND METAL TANK TRACKS BEVERAGE CONTAINERS FOREIGN JOURNAL cEf PUBLISHED MONTHLY BY THE AMERICAN FOREIGN SERVICE ASSOCIATION VOL. 20, NO. 11 WASHINGTON, D. C. NOVEMBER, 1943 The North African Imbroglio By BERNARD METZ, former British Vice Consul, Algiers WARS are won by soldiers and lost by diplo¬ dling of opponents, forbearance, restraint and un¬ mats. Men die because of diplomats’ mis¬ yielding strength in persisting in the policy which takes. Sometimes lives are saved by diplomats’ for- he believed to be—and which events have proved-— sight and wisdom. An unsuccessful General is pun¬ correct, have contributed in no small measure to ished but not an erring diplomat. A victorious the almost bloodless landing in North Africa, to General is praised and granted honors, but diplo¬ the rapid victory in Tunisia, and what is more im¬ mats’ victories are ignored, often criticized. portant, to the free, open, unsabotaged lines of A case in point is that of Mr. Robert D. Murphy, communication and to the peaceful slate of the vast America’s eminent representative in North Africa. North African territories, without which the inva¬ America should be proud of and grateful for his sion of Europe might have been impossible. work before, during and after the victorious North It should be remembered that in Syria, Mada¬ African campaign. Many thousands, tens of thou¬ gascar and at Dakar, Vichy French forces bitterly sands of British and American soldiers are alive resi ted the “liberating” armies composed of Allied today thanks to his skill and patience. Britain and and Free French troops. The will to resist was even America owe him a deep debt of gratitude. stronger in North Africa, which is much nearer Having lived in Algeria since 1932 and studied— Vichy. As President Roosevelt declared: “Resis¬ as objectively as possible—all phases of Algerian tance in North Africa might have lasted two months. life, its complex political situation, its vested inter¬ It ceased in two days.” The French know how to ests, its diverse peoples, multitude of antagonistic fight and the struggle might have been costly. More¬ groups, violent political passions, bitter hatreds, over, the successful landing and cessation of resis¬ narrow egoism, myopic tance did not automati¬ mental horizons, its ab¬ cally create peace sence of the spirit of co¬ Mr. Metz resided in Algiers from 1932 to throughout the land. operation and its pecu¬ 1943. He served as British Vice Consul from Peace -as History shows liar psychologies dis¬ 1932 until 1940. From 1940 to 1943 he was —■ is sometimes harder torted moreover by years attached to the American Consulate General. to win than wars. of enemy propaganda, On the first anniversary of the American land¬ One must have lived I feel sure that Mr.
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