DOCSLIB.ORG

I Hereby Declare That This Dissertation Is Entirely My Own Work and Is No Way a Reproduction Either in Part Or Full

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
I Hereby Declare That This Dissertation Is Entirely My Own Work and Is No Way a Reproduction Either in Part Or Full DISSERTATION TOPIC NYJIJMD (GOD) IN GA TRADITION AND CHRISTIAN MISSION: AN EXPLORATION OF THE HISTORICAL RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE RELIGIOUS TRADITION OF THE GA OF SOUTH EASTERN GHANA AND BIBLE TRANSLATION AND ITS IMPLICATIONS FOR GA CHRISTIAN THEOLOGY. By Solomon Nii-Mensah Adjei A dissertation presented to the University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa in partial fulfilment of the requirement for the award of the Master of Theology Degree in African Christianity. February 2006. Natal, Pietermaritzburg. DECLARATION I hereby declare that this Dissertation is entirely my own work and is no way a reproduction either in part or full. I wish to state also that this work has not been submitted to any university for the award of degree. Solomon Nii-Mensah Adjei February 2006. As supervIsor, I have agreed that this dissertation be submitted for examination. Professor Kwame Bediako (Supervisor) 11 DEDICATION This dissertation is dedicated to my dear wife, Naa Oyoe and our lovely daughter, Naa Dromo in gratitude for their sacrifice, steadfast love and support that enabled me complete this work. m ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I express my sincere gratitude to the Akrofi-Christaller Institute of Theology, Mission and Culture, especially the Executive Director, Reverend Professor Kwame Bediako, who created the opportunity for me to pursue this programme and the Presbyterian Church, USA which awarded me a scholarship, and to the Presbyterian Church of Ghana for granting me a paid leave of absence. Further appreciation goes to the Reverend Philip Tetteh Laryea. He spent a lot of time with me during my difficult moments, serving as an auxiliary supervisor. He also made his personal library available to me, where I got access to a wealth of archival material without which this work would not have been completed. My gratitude is further expressed to Reverend Professor Kwame Bediako, who also placed his library at my disposal and supervised my work. His gracious critique contributed immensely in shaping the final product. I also acknowledge other friends whose efforts have contributed to the success of this work: Miss Korklu Laryea, the Deputy Librarian at Akrofi-Christaller Institute gave me assistance during my research in the library, Mr D. J. Drah of the Geography Department, University of Ghana, Legon made available to me a suitable map to illustrate the area of study, and Mr Kwame Amebley scanned all the photographs into the work. Miss Angela Addy of Akrofi-Christaller Institute gave me invaluable editorial guidance. I am also grateful to Mr Vincent Okunnor for editing the Ga translations. Further acknowledgement goes to the staff of Balme Library and Institute of African Studies Library, of the University of Ghana, Legon, for making their facilities available to me. I also owe a debt of gratitude to my colleagues whose contributions during lectures and group discussions helped me shape and clarify my subject. My final word of appreciation goes to the entire staff of the Akrofi-Christaller Institute for the countless assistance they gave me. IV ABSTRACT IN ENGLISH In recent times, there are some indications which suggest an attempt to relegate the traditional or pre-Christian notion of Nyorjmo to the background in the face of recent Christian expansion within the Ga community. This may be observed basically in two forms. First is the attitude and thinking which attempt to separate Nyorjmo, who is considered a holy God, totally from the creation, considered unholy. This view suggests that Nyorjmo is holy and therefore his name cannot be attached to any aspect of the creation which is considered corrupted with sin and evil. In this regard, a distinction is thus made between Nyorjmo, the Supreme Being, and nyorjmo, rain. A new word nugbo,1 literally 'water stranger' or 'foreign water' has therefore emerged and is now being used for rain by some Ga. Secondly, there is the assumption, especially among some Ga Christians, that hitherto, the Ga did not know about God and that it was Christianity and the proclamation of the Christian message that introduced the knowledge of God into the Ga religious culture. These views are, however, contrary to the thoughts of the traditional Ga. The pre- Christian notion of Nyoymo is that of a Supreme Being, who is not far removed from creation but deeply involved in its daily activities. Thus one finds the name of Nyorjmo attached to some elements within the creation, as the configurations of Nyoymo2 indicate. Again, contrary to the views held by some Ga Christians, oral and early written sources indicate that the notion of Nyorjmo was well established within the Ga religious and social life before the coming of Christianity. However, one realises that with the influence of Christianity and Bible translation, the concept Nyorjmo has expanded and assumed a new meaning to become the Christian God of the Bible, 'the Father of our Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ.' 1 E. T. A. Abbey, Kedzi Afo Yordan (Gbele Ke Yarafeemo), (Accra: Bureau of Ghana Languages, 1968), p 37. 2 Johanness Zimmermann, A Grammatical Sketch of the Akra - or Ga -Language and some Specimen of it from the mouth of the Natives, (Stuttgert: J. F. Steinkopf, 1858), pp 243-244. See also M. E. Kropp Dakubu, 'Linguistic Pre-History and Historical Reconstruction: the Ga-Adangme Migrations' in Transaction of the Historical Society of Ghana, Vol. XIII (i), (Legon, June 1972), p 119. V This research attempts to investigate the 'development' of Nyorjmo as a religious concept from its pre-Christian usage to the present. It looks at how Nyorjmo was recognised in the traditional religious life. This is done by analysing the general historical and religious backgrounds of the Ga people, focusing on key elements within the social, political, economic and religious settings. The work further assesses the impact of Christian influence on Ga culture, especially in the area of Bible translation, and also observes how the concept has gained a new meaning as a result of this engagement. The researcher concludes by exploring some of the implications raised in the work and attempts some suggestions on how Ga Christian theology may be developed to address these concerns. VI ABSTRACT IN GA (MOTHER TONGUE) WOLO L£ MLI SANE KUKU Ye bei nee amli ni Kristojamo ebahe shi ni loolo le aabo moderj ni agbe Kristojamo ashwa ye Ga shikpoji ano le, tamo noni hie miihe akpa boni wonuo wiemo 'Nyonmo' le shishi wohaa ye wo blema shihile mli aloo dani Kristojamo le bashe bie. Enejeo kpofann ye gbei srotoi enyo ano. Klerjklen le, tamo noni ye wo nifeemoi ke wo susumoi amli le wokaa ake woten Nyonmo he nfoniri ko. Noji ake wonaa ake eye Kronkron ni nohewo le esda ni ake egbei bataa adeboo noko he kwraa ejaake nofeeno ni yoo je le mli le kpa ye he ni ehe ewo muji ke esha. Enehewo le mei komei taoo ni amegbla Nyonmo ni ji Tse Ofe le ke nyonmo ni neo le ten. Arjoo nyonmo ni neo le ake nugbo.1 Emli jalemo ji nu ni ebato gbo. Nugbo nee ji gbei ni nmenerjmene le Gamei komei ketseo nyonmo ni neo nee. No ni ji enyo le, Ga Kristofoi komei susuo ake Gamei lee Nyonmo ye blema bei le amli. Ene le eji sane ni naa wa ni yoo ahuntoo. Ye neke mei nee asusumo naa le, Kristojamo ke Nyonmo wiemo le gbee ke shwamo le ji noni ha Gamei na le ake Nyonmo ko ye, ye amejamo ke shihile mli. Shi moy neke susumo nee, jee Ga shikweebii asusumo ni. Eke noni amele ye Nyonmo he kpda gbee kwraa. Anokwale le ji ake beni Kristojamo ba ko Ga shikpon le no beebe le, Gamei le Nyonmo ake Ofe ni eta adeboo fee no, ni asan ejieo eheshi ye adeboo nibii komei ke Gamei anifeemo nii ke ame daa gbi shihile mli. Ene hewo je ni woyoseo ake Gamei ke Nyonmo gbei le ebata adeboo mli nibii komei ahe le.2 Asan jwerjmo nee ni kristofoi komei yoo ye Nyonmo he le jee ja keke ni ejda, shi moy ye Gamei awiemo ke woji ni anmlafee amli le, ejeo kpo fanrj ake Gamei le Nyonmo ye ame jamo ke jen shihile fee mli dani Kristojamo ba. 1 E. T. A. Abbey, Kedzi Afo Yordan (Gbele Ke Yarafeemo), (Accra: Bureau of Ghana Languages, 1968), p 37. 2 Johanness Zimmermann, A Grammatical Sketch of the Akra - or Ga -Language and some Specimen of it from the mouth of the Natives, (Stuttgert: J. F. Steinkopf, 1858), pp 243-244. See also M. E. Kropp Dakubu, 'Linguistic Pre-History and Historical Reconstruction: the Ga-Adangme Migrations' in Transaction of the Historical Society of Ghana, Vol. XIII (i), (Legon, June 1972), p 119. Vll Shi ksle, woyoseo hu ake Kristojamo ke IJmals Kronkron shishitsoomo eye ebua ni else shishinumo ni Gamei yoo ye Nyonmo he le mli: agbene Gamsi naa Nyonmo ake Kristofoi aNyonmo, moni IJmale Kronkron yeo ehe odase ake eji wo Nuntso ke Yiwalaherelo Yesu Kristo Tse le. Oti ni yoo mi ninmaa nss mli ji ake magbls shi ni matao boni Gamei naa Nyonmo ye ame jamo ke ams shihils mli amshaa, ksjs blema, dani Kristojamo ba ks agbene tsakemoi srotoi ni eba ksje nakai bei le amli aahuu kebashi nmsns. Boni afee ni mi nine ashe oti nss he Is, mitao Gamsi ayino saji ks ams blema shihils amli, ni titri Is mikws ame jen shihils, mankuramo, nitsumoi, jarayeli ke jamoi fee aks meni abaanye akaseys nibii nee amli. Nokome hu ni mifee ye nikasemo nee mliji ake, mikws shishinumo hee ni Gamsi ena ye Nyonmo he, titri Is kstso IJmals Kronkron le shishitsoomo no, ks agbene boni Kristojamo hu etsake ams ashihils eha, ketso IJmale Kronkron Is kanemo no.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Mapping Mission As Translation with Reference to Michael Polanyi's
    Middlesex University Research Repository An open access repository of Middlesex University research http://eprints.mdx.ac.uk Haney, Richard L. (2014) Mapping mission as translation with reference to Michael Polanyi’s heuristic philosophy. PhD thesis, Middlesex University. [Thesis] Final accepted version (with author’s formatting) This version is available at: https://eprints.mdx.ac.uk/13666/ Copyright: Middlesex University Research Repository makes the University’s research available electronically. Copyright and moral rights to this work are retained by the author and/or other copyright owners unless otherwise stated. The work is supplied on the understanding that any use for commercial gain is strictly forbidden. A copy may be downloaded for personal, non-commercial, research or study without prior permission and without charge. Works, including theses and research projects, may not be reproduced in any format or medium, or extensive quotations taken from them, or their content changed in any way, without first obtaining permission in writing from the copyright holder(s). They may not be sold or exploited commercially in any format or medium without the prior written permission of the copyright holder(s). Full bibliographic details must be given when referring to, or quoting from full items including the author’s name, the title of the work, publication details where relevant (place, publisher, date), pag- ination, and for theses or dissertations the awarding institution, the degree type awarded, and the date of the award. If you believe that any material held in the repository infringes copyright law, please contact the Repository Team at Middlesex University via the following email address: [email protected] The item will be removed from the repository while any claim is being investigated.
    [Show full text]
  • African Initiated Christianity and the Decolonisation of Development
    African Initiated Christianity and the Decolonisation of Development This book investigates the substantial and growing contribution which African Independent and Pentecostal Churches are making to sustainable development in all its manifold forms. Moreover, this volume seeks to elucidate how these churches reshape the very notion of sustainable development and contribute to the decolonisation of development. Fostering both overarching and comparative perspectives, the book includes chapters on West Africa (Nigeria, Ghana, and Burkina Faso) and Southern Africa (Zimbabwe and South Africa). It aims to open up a subfield focused on African Initiated Christianity within the religion and development discourse, substantially broadening the scope of the existing literature. Written predominantly by scholars from the African continent, the chapters in this volume illuminate potentials and perspectives of African Initiated Christianity, combining theoretical contributions, essays by renowned church leaders, and case studies focusing on particular churches or regional contexts. While the contributions in this book focus on the African continent, the notion of development underlying the concept of the volume is deliberately wide and multidimensional, covering economic, social, ecological, political, and cultural dimensions. Therefore, the book will be useful for the community of scholars interested in religion and development as well as researchers within African studies, anthropology, development studies, political science, religious studies, sociology of religion, and theology. It will also be a key resource for development policymakers and practitioners. Philipp Öhlmann is Head of the Research Programme on Religious Com- munities and Sustainable Development, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Research Associate, University of Pretoria, South Africa. Wilhelm Gräb is Head of the Research Programme on Religious Communities and Sustainable Development, Humboldt- Universität zu Berlin, and Extra- ordinary Professor, Stellenbosch University, South Africa.
    [Show full text]
  • Seeing God Through African Minds Titus K.A. Pratt
    University of Ghana http://ugspace.ug.edu.gh SEEING GOD THROUGH AFRICAN MINDS A DISCUSSION OF KWAME BEDIAKO’S CHRISTOLOGY AND CHRISTIANITY AND AFRICAN CULTURE TITUS K.A. PRATT THIS DISSERTATION IS SUBMITTED TO THE UNIVERSITY OF GHANA, LEGON IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENT FOR THE AWARD OF M.A. STUDY OF RELIGIONS DEGREE DEPARTMENT OF THE STUDY OF RELIGIONS, UNIVERSITY OF GHANA, LEGON JUNE, 2011 University of Ghana http://ugspace.ug.edu.gh TABLE OF CONTENTS The Declaration i Dedication ii Acknowledgement iii The Abstract iv Chapter 1. Introduction 1 1.1 General Introduction 1 1.2 Statement of Problem 1 1.3 Aims and Objectives 3 1.4 Methodology 3 1.5 The Scope of the Study 5 1.6 Research Questions 5 1.7 Significance of Study 6 1.8 Literature Review 7 1.9 The Structure 21 Chapter 2. Some Ghanaian Contributors 22 Chapter 3. Bediako on Christianity and African Culture 41 Chapter 4. Bediako‟s Christological Debate 50 Chapter 5. Conclusion and Recommendations 62 i. Bibliography 71 ii. Oral Sources 73 iii. The Questionnaire 74 University of Ghana http://ugspace.ug.edu.gh DECLARATION I, The Rt. Rev‟d Titus K. A. Pratt, hereby declare that this thesis is the result of my own research work. Except for Literature and References which have been fully acknowledged it is the result of my own research work and not the reproduction, in part or in whole, of any work previously presented to the Department for the award of a degree. ……………………………….. The Rt. Rev‟d Titus K.
    [Show full text]
  • BULLETIN M NOS
    AFRICAN ASSOCIATION FOR THE STUDY OF RELIGIONS AASR BULLETIN m NOS. 29 & 30 i COMBINED ISSUE NOV 2008/MAY 2009 CONFERENCE , ANNOUNCEMENT 2-3 WEBMASTER REPORT 4-9 / JSTOR’S AFRICAN ACCESS INITIATIVE 10-10 PERSONS & POSTS 11-13 1 IN MEMORIAM 13-28 BRIEF NEWS 29-29 - REVIEWS 30-50 NEW AASR MEMBERS 50-57 RECENT PUBLICATIONS 58-96 ll AFRICAN ASSOCIATION FOR THE STUDY OF RELIGIONS THE AASR EXECUTIVE President: Prof. Elom Dovlo, Dept. for the Study of Religions, University of Ghana, PO Box LG 66, Legon, Ghana. Phone: +233 (21) 500140 (office); +233 (21) 512992 (home); +233 (20) 8118382 (mobile). E-mail: [email protected] Vice President: Dr. Grace Wamue, Dept. of Religious Studies, Kenyatta University, PO Box 43844, Nairobi, Kenya. Phone: +254 (2) 810901-19 E-mail: [email protected] Secretary General: Dr. Afe Adogame, CSCNWW, School of Divinity, The University of Edin- burgh. New College, Mound Place, Edinburgh EH1 2LX, UK. Tel. +44 (0)131 650 8928; Mob. +44 (0)7784 118 732; Fax. +44 (0)131 650 7952 E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected] Treasurer: Prof. James L. Cox, School of Divinity, University of Edinburgh, New Col- lege, Mound Place, Edinburgh, EH1 2LX, UK.. Phone: +44 (138) 341 6737. E-mail: [email protected] Representative for East Africa: Prof. Adam K. Arap Chepkwony, Dept. of Reli- gions, Moi University, PO Box 3900, Eldoret, Kenya. Phone: +254 (321) 43620. E-mail: [email protected] Representative for Southern Africa: Dr. Johannes A. Smit, University of Dur- ban-Westville, Private Bag X54001, Dur- ban, South Africa.
    [Show full text]
  • International Bulletin of Missionary Research, Vol 39, No. 1
    Vol. 39, No. 1 January 2015 Witchcraft and Mission Studies was blamed for all these deaths in the village, wrapped cal settings live unconcerned about winter clothing, the polar “I up in fishing nets, and beaten up severely.” So recounted vortex, or ice hockey. star Indian javelin thrower Debjani Bora, recent target of a witch As for specifically Christian examples, consider patristic hunt in the northeastern Indian state of Assam. The accusation and theologians. More intensely than had been required of their attack were spearheaded by a woman village elder later arrested Jewish and apostolic forefathers, Tertullian, Athanasius, Cyril for inciting the violence. According to BBC News India, police in Continued next page Assam report that over the last five years nearly ninety people, mostly women, have been “beheaded, burnt alive or stabbed to death” as a result of witch accusations.1 Such incidents occur incessantly and in various locations, as On Page articles here indicate. Indeed, challenges presented by witchcraft 3 Putting Witch Accusations on the Missiological and witch accusations have long been urgent concerns of countless Agenda: A Case from Northern Peru Robert J. Priest 8 Beyond the Fence: Confronting Witchcraft Accusations in the Papua New Guinea Highlands Philip Gibbs 12 Healing Communities: Contextualizing Responses to Witch Accusations Steven D. H. Rasmussen, with Hannah Rasmussen 14 Noteworthy 19 Toward a Christian Response to Witchcraft in Northern Ghana Jon P. Kirby 23 Witchcraft Accusations and Christianity in Africa J. Kwabena Asamoah-Gyadu 28 Christianity 2015: Religious Diversity and Personal Contact Todd M. Johnson, Gina A. Zurlo, Albert W. Hickman, and Peter F.
    [Show full text]
  • Volume 31 April 2021
    Conspectus The Journal of the South African Theological Seminary Volume 31 April 2021 ISSN 1996-8167 Adjei-Brown, A Procedure for Analysis of Contemporary Reception of Biblical Texts in Ghana: A Methodological Consideration -1- Table of Contents Editorial _________________________________________ 4 A Procedure for Analysis of Contemporary Reception of Biblical Texts in Ghana: A Methodological Consideration ____________________________________ 7 Clement Adjei-Brown The Concept of Cult Centralization in Deuteronomy and its Possible Implications for Today ______________ 22 Miracle Ajah Metaphoric and Metonymic Conceptualization of the Nose in Hebrew and Twi ______________________ 36 Charles Owiredu God in Oral African Theology: Exploring the Spoken Theologies of Afua Kuma and Tope Alabi ________________________________________ 54 Harvey Kwiyani and Joseph Ola The Holy Spirit in Relation to Mission and World Christianity: A Reformed Perspective ________________ 67 Alistair I. Wilson John L. M. Dube’s leadership: Evaluating Frank Chikane, Kenneth Meshoe, and Mmusi Maimane as Leaders ____ 83 Abraham Modisa Mkhondo Mzondi Book Review: Bearing God’s Name: Why Sinai Still Matters by Carmen J. Imes ____________ 97 Paul Cookey Editor Editorial Board Dr. Batanayi Manyika Dr. Femi Adeleye (Institute for Christian Impact) Associate Editors Dr. Cornelia van Deventer Dr. Collium Banda (North-West University) Mr. Caswell Ntseno Prof. Anita Cloete (Stellenbosch University) Content Editor Prof. Dan Lioy Dr. Albert Coetsee (North-West University) Copy Editor Dr. George Coon (South African Theological Seminary) Dr. George Coon Dr. Daniel Darko (Gordon College) Proofreader and Administrator Dr. Philip du Toit (North-West University) Mr. Izaak Connoway Prof. Godfrey Harold (Cape Town Baptist Seminary) Book Review Editors Dr. Desmond Henry (Luis Palau Association; North-West University) Prof.
    [Show full text]
  • Christianity As Vernacular Religion
    CHRISTIANITY AS VERNACULAR RELIGION: A STUDY IN THE THEOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF MOTHER TONGUE APPREHENSION OF THE CHRISTIAN FAITH IN WEST AFRICA WITH REFERENCE TO THE WORKS OF EPHRAIM AMU (1899-1995) PHILIP TETTEH LARYEA A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE UNIVERSITY OF KWAZULU-NATAL FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY SEPTEMBER 2006 DECLARATION I hereby declare that this thesis was composed by myself, and that it has not been previously accepted by any other institution for the award of a degree, and that all quotations have been distinguished by quotation marks, and all sources of information have been duly acknowledged. limits PHILIP T. LARYEA September 2006 11 DEDICATION To Kotso, Selina, Afoley, Afotey and Laye for their love, encouragement and support. ABSTRACT Ephraim Amu is a distinguished musician. He is well known for his advocacy on African tradition and culture. Amu's pride in the African personality has earned him a place in Ghana's hall of fame. It was in recognition of these achievements that his portrait was embossed on Ghana's highest currency, the Twenty Thousand Cedi note. But there is more to the Amu story. In this thesis I have drawn substantially on Amu's own works to demonstrate how, in fact, he is an exemplar of mother tongue apprehension of the Christian faith in Africa. Amu showed in his songs, diaries, sermons, letters, addresses and private papers that the mother tongue, in this case, Ewe and Twi can be used to express not only Christian experience but also to formulate theological ideas in an innovative and creative ways.
    [Show full text]
  • 'Local Species' in African Soil: the Development of James Mckeown's
    Middlesex University Research Repository An open access repository of Middlesex University research http://eprints.mdx.ac.uk Tsekpoe, Christian (2020) ’Local species’ in African soil: the development of James McKeown’s Mission Models and The Church of Pentecost, Ghana. PhD thesis, Middlesex University / Oxford Centre for Mission Studies. [Thesis] Final accepted version (with author’s formatting) This version is available at: https://eprints.mdx.ac.uk/32995/ Copyright: Middlesex University Research Repository makes the University’s research available electronically. Copyright and moral rights to this work are retained by the author and/or other copyright owners unless otherwise stated. The work is supplied on the understanding that any use for commercial gain is strictly forbidden. A copy may be downloaded for personal, non-commercial, research or study without prior permission and without charge. Works, including theses and research projects, may not be reproduced in any format or medium, or extensive quotations taken from them, or their content changed in any way, without first obtaining permission in writing from the copyright holder(s). They may not be sold or exploited commercially in any format or medium without the prior written permission of the copyright holder(s). Full bibliographic details must be given when referring to, or quoting from full items including the author’s name, the title of the work, publication details where relevant (place, publisher, date), pag- ination, and for theses or dissertations the awarding institution, the degree type awarded, and the date of the award. If you believe that any material held in the repository infringes copyright law, please contact the Repository Team at Middlesex University via the following email address: [email protected] The item will be removed from the repository while any claim is being investigated.
    [Show full text]
  • Revelation, Religion, and Culture in Kwame Bediako and Karl Barth
    Revelation, Religion, and Culture in Kwame Bediako and Karl Barth Timothy M. Hartman Charlottesville, Virginia Bachelor’s of Arts, Stanford University, 1995 Master’s of Divinity, Princeton Theological Seminary, 2000 Master’s of Arts, University of Virginia, 2012 A Dissertation presented to the Graduate Faculty of the University of Virginia in Candidacy for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Department of Religious Studies University of Virginia May 2014 © Timothy M. Hartman 2. Table of Contents Abstract………..………………………………………………………………………….4 Abbreviations…………………………………………………………………………….5 Preface…………………………………………………………………………………….6 Chapter 1: Bediako, Barth, and Theology in the Twentieth Century……………………………..9 I. Bediako: An African in Europe and the World II. Barth: A European in Switzerland and Germany III. Shared Inheritances A. Ancients and Moderns B. The Blumhardts IV. Mutual Suspicion V. Three Themes: Revelation, Religion, and Culture VI. The Shape of the Argument Chapter 2: Kwame Bediako: An Act of Theological Négritude……………………….…………59 I. Questions of Identity A. French theses i. Négritude et Surréalisme ii. L’Univers Interieur de Tchicaya U Tam’si B. Towards an African Christian Identity C. “Relevance without Syncretism” D. History: Twin Heritage of African Christianity II. Revelation, Religion, and Culture A. Revelation: Infinite Translatability of the gospel B. Religion: Continuity of Christianity with African Traditional Religion C. Culture: i. Indigeneity of Christianity in Africa ii. Primal Imagination as the Substructure of African Christianity III. A Theology of Ancestors: Interrelationship of Revelation, Religion, and Culture IV. Constructive Questions A. Religious Pluralism B. Re-making a non-Western religion C. World Christianity(-ies) 3. Chapter 3: Karl Barth: The Ongoing Prophetic Activity of Jesus Christ……………………..127 I.
    [Show full text]