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Strategic Planning for Urban Water System

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Strategic Planning for Urban Water System 4/30/10 Strategic Planning for the Urban Water System of Tel-Aviv-Yafo, Action Plan and Preliminary Results Moshe Ben-Sasson1, Einat Amoyal2, Gal Lederer2 1 The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem 2Department of Strategic Planning, Tel Aviv municipality International Symposium and Workshop on CITY WATER INDICATORS FOR THE STRATEGIC PLANNING OF TEL- AVIV – YAFO Crown Plaza, Tel-Aviv, January 13-14, 2010 SWITCH goal: To catalyze change towards more sustainable urban water management in the 'City of the Future (2035)' Alexandria, Belo- Zaragoza, Egypt Horizonte Spain Chongqing , Brazil , China 1 4/30/10 Sustainable development “To ensure that the development meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generation to meet their own needs” (WCED, 1987) “We have not inherited the earth from our parents, we have borrowed it from our children” Economical Environmental Social-cultural Principles of sustainable Urban Water Management Future trends • Climate change • Population growth • Increasing life quality standards • Urbanization • Stress on the water systems • Energy costs 2 4/30/10 Principles of sustainable UWM • To have strong scientific basis for decision making • To manage the urban water system in an integrated way • To give priority to water demand management over development of new water resources • To give priority to pollution prevention over end-pipe treatment • To harvest rainwater and storm water • To minimize the energy consumption in the urban water system Unsustainable development in Tel-Aviv, 1909-1960 3 4/30/10 Unsustainable development in Tel-Aviv, 1909-1960 The Western Yarqon-Negev line The Yarqon river Sustainable urban water system Hamburg, Germany Annual precipitation – 770 mm 4 4/30/10 Sustainable urban water system Vision Issues and Challenges ‘Make water visible’ is the • Flood risk (River, Sea) new image of the river island • Fluvial flooding inland (Storm) of Wilhelmsburg in the year 2035, The various water • High/rising ground water table bodies on Wilhelmsburg are • Pollution of surface waters visible and accessible, serving as attractive location • Water as element of urban design for the purposes of to develop attractive location recreation, living and work….. Sustainable urban water system Alexandria, Egypt Annual precipitation – 200 mm 5 4/30/10 Sustainable urban water system Issues and challenges Vision • Increasing in water demand We envisage a city where • Groundwater use available water resources are managed in an integrated manner, • Grey water recycling with the participation of all • Water demand management citizens, and are used effectively for development within a • Nine low-income, peri-urban framework of environmental areas that remain un or sustainability, where all citizens have access to high quality under-served with water and (according to national norms), sanitation services reliable, sustainable, and affordable water and sanitation • Allocation the appropriate services and benefit from a clean water resources to the and healthy environment appropriate water uses Strategic Planning for the Urban Water System of Tel-Aviv - Yafo Objective: Formulating a vision for a sustainable urban water system in Tel Aviv, and developing monitoring tools, made of indicators and associated measures, to benchmark the city’s progress towards the vision. Process: • Tel Aviv water system profile • Tel Aviv water vision • Action plan and indicators 6 4/30/10 Metropolitan population is about 44% of Israel population Tel Aviv population is about 12.5 % of the metropolitan population Tel Aviv - Yafo In 2025 Tel Aviv’s population will be 415,000-450,000 7 4/30/10 Tel Aviv - Yafo Rank Rank City Country Score Score 2009 2008 2009 2008 1 2 Tokyo Japan 143.7 127 2 11 Osaka Japan 119.2 110 3 1 Moscow Russia 115.4 142.4 4 8 Geneva Switzerland 109.2 115.8 5 6 Hong Kong Hong Kong 108.7 117.6 6 9 Zurich Switzerland 105.2 112.7 7 7 Copenhagen Denmark 105.0 117.2 Artificial island in 8 22 New York City USA 100.0 100.0 Japan 9 20 Beijing China 99.6 101.9 10 13 Singapore Singapore 98.0 111.3 11 10 Milan Italy 96.9 98.3 12 24 Shanghai China 95.2 109.4 13 12 Paris France 95.1 118.3 14 4 Oslo Norway 94.2 79.3 15 89 Caracas Venezuela 93.3 125 16 3 London UK 92.7 105 17 14 Tel Aviv Israel 91.9 103.9 18 16 Rome Italy 91.2 101.1 19 21 Helsinki Finland 90.5 89.3 20 52 Dubai UAE 90.1 102.3 21 19 Vienna Austria 89.3 86.3 Tel Aviv urban water system: Energy Average elevation: 30 m Electric consumption in Tel Aviv is about 8.5% of Israel total electric consumption Water system in Tel Aviv consume about 0.8% of the total electric consumption in Tel-Aviv 8 4/30/10 Tel Aviv urban water system: Waste Shafdan Sewage Heavy metal sludge Ramat Hovav Tel Aviv urban water system integrated components Sewage system Mediterranean sea Water supply system Yarqon river Ayalon river Drainage system Coastal aquifer Mediterranean Yarqon river sea Ayalon river 9 4/30/10 Tel Aviv urban water system integrated components Israel national water About 2000 Mm3/ system year Potable water Sewage Tel Aviv Water 50 Mm3/ system year Israel national water system Water authority campaign for water saving 10 4/30/10 Water supply in Tel-Aviv In the Water loss Specific year 2006 (%) residential water consumption (m3/year) Elat 20.6 87.9 Ashdod 7.9 55.8 Beer - 9.1 73.3 Sheva Haifa 5.6 63.3 Herzelia 6.4 94.7 Jerusalem 12.3 44 Tel-Aviv 4.4 68.5 Israel - 8.6 60 average Water education in Tel-Aviv מהדורה פנימית תש"ע 11 4/30/10 Tel Aviv urban water system: Supply The supplies reservoirs have volume of 1/3 of the daily consumption! There is no safe radius around the drilling! Tel Aviv urban water system: Supply PVA – Pipe Vulnerability Assessment (Age and materials of the pipes) Water supply system – PVA 82 Water supply system length – 852 km 12 4/30/10 Tel Aviv urban water system: Supply Water quality No of No of Percents of samples irregular irregular samples samples (%) 2004 1581 13 0.8 2005 1731 16 0.9 2006 1768 13 0.7 2007 1793 8 0.4 2008 1816 15 0.8 All the irregular samples were found to be O.K. in revalidation tests Tel Aviv urban water system: Sewage Today, there are about 480!!! cesspits (holding tanks) all over Tel Aviv Sewage PVA - 43 Sewage system length – 575 km Cesspits- 13 4/30/10 Tel Aviv urban water system: Drainage Average annual precipitation – 530 mm Surface area - 50,000*104 m2 250 millions m3 of rain Tel Aviv urban water system: Drainage In the years 2006-2009, 41270 calls were accepted in the municipal telephone service center regarding floods of apartments, roads, shops etc. 14 4/30/10 Tel Aviv UWS: Natural water bodies The coastal aquifer Chrome Nitrate Trichloroethylene Chloride Tel Aviv urban water system: Natural water bodies Nablus Tel Aviv Yarqon river Ayalon river Jerusalem 15 4/30/10 Tel Aviv UWS: Natural water bodies Ayalon River Yarqon river Ayalon river 1992 Shetoolim dam Ayalon river Tel Aviv UWS: Natural water bodies Yarqon River 1200 m3/year of effluent Today: 400 m3/year In the past: 25,000 m3/year 16 4/30/10 Tel Aviv UWS: Natural water bodies Yarqon River Pumping station 2008 Tel Aviv UWS: Natural water bodies Yarqon River 17 4/30/10 Tel Aviv urban water system: Natural water bodies Mediterranean sea, Conclusions: Tel Aviv UWS Strengths Developed system Highly maintained (supply system) Low energy consumption Transportation of all the sewage out of city Strict water quality control Water education program Yarqon protection action 18 4/30/10 Conclusions: Tel Aviv UWS Weakness High residential water consumption Floods – inappropriate drainage system Old sewage system (480 cesspits) Expensive land Yarqon and Ayalon rivers, Coastal aquifer pollutions Small emergency reserves National water shortage Conclusions: Tel Aviv UWS Threats 15% population growth (in 2025) Collapse of old parts in the system National water shortage Coastal aquifer pollution (gasoline stations, salty water) Break of external water supply (war, terror, water pollution, earth quake) 19 4/30/10 Conclusions: Tel Aviv UWS Opportunities New water resources: • Desalination? • Rain harvesting • Water from Turkey () Water reuse • Waste water treatment plant? • Gray water reuse Conclusions: Tel Aviv UWS Opportunities Water consumption saving • Saving in the residential sector Natural water bodies rehabilitation • Ayalon river • Yarqon river • Coastal aquifer • Artificial island? 20 4/30/10 Acknowledgments: David Jackman, Michael Milner, Klod Piyotro, Lina Wishnivski, Michael Levi, Yehudit West, Yonathan Raz, Michael Levi, Dr. Erez Sverldov, Shaul Gvirtzman, Daniel Solomon Thank you for your listening This work was funded by the SWITCH project 21 .
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