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An Analysis of the Death Mystery of Huo Qubing, a Famous Cavalry General in the Western Han Dynasty
Journal of Frontiers of Society, Science and Technology DOI: 10.23977/jfsst.2021.010410 Clausius Scientific Press, Canada Volume 1, Number 4, 2021 An Analysis of the Death Mystery of Huo Qubing, a Famous Cavalry General in the Western Han Dynasty Liu Jifeng, Chen Mingzhi Shandong Maritime Vocational College, Weifang, 261000, Shandong, China Keywords: Huo qubing, Myth, Mysterious death Abstract: Throughout his whole lifetime, Huo Qubing created a myth of ancient war, and left an indelible mark in history. But, pitifully, he suddenly died during young age. His whole life was very short, and it seemed that Huo was born for war and died at the end of war. Although he implemented his great words and aspirations “What could be applied to get married, since the Huns haven’t been eliminated?”, and had no regrets for life, still, his mysterious death caused endless questions and intriguing reveries for later generations. 1. Introduction Huo Qubing, with a humble origin, was born in 140 B.C. in a single-parent family in Pingyang, Hedong County, which belongs to Linfen City, Shanxi Province now. He was an illegitimate child of Wei Shaoer, a female slave of Princess Pingyang Mansion, and Huo Zhongru, an inferior official. Also, he was a nephew-in-mother of Wei Qing, who was General-in-chief Serving as Commander-in-chief in the Western Han Dynasty. Huo Qubing was greatly influenced by his uncle Wei Qing. He was a famous military strategist and national hero during the period of Emperor Wudi of the Western Han Dynasty. He was fond of horse-riding and archery. -
Pimsleur Mandarin Course I Vocabulary 对不起: Dui(4) Bu(4) Qi(3)
Pimsleur Mandarin Course I vocabulary 对不起 : dui(4) bu(4) qi(3) excuse me; beg your pardon 请 : qing(3) please (polite) 问 : wen(4) ask; 你 : ni(3) you; yourself 会 : hui(4) can 说 : shuo(1) speak; talk 英文 : ying(1) wen(2) English(language) 不会 : bu(4) hui(4) be unable; can not 我 : wo(3) I; myself 一点儿 : yi(1) dian(3) er(2) a little bit 美国人 : mei(3) guo(2) ren(2) American(person); American(people) 是 : shi(4) be 你好 ni(2) hao(3) how are you 普通话 : pu(3) tong(1) hua(4) Mandarin (common language) 不好 : bu(4) hao(3) not good 很好 : hen(3) hao(3) very good 谢谢 : xie(4) xie(4) thank you 人 : ren(2) person; 可是 : ke(3) shi(4) but; however 请问 : qing(3) wen(4) one should like to ask 路 : lu(4) road 学院 : xue(2) yuan(4) college; 在 : zai(4) at; exist 哪儿 : na(3) er(2) where 那儿 na(4) er(2) there 街 : jie(1) street 这儿 : zhe(4) er(2) here 明白 : ming(2) bai(2) understand 什么 : shen(2) me what 中国人 : zhong(1) guo(2) ren(2) Chinese(person); Chinese(people) 想 : xiang(3) consider; want to 吃 : chi(1) eat 东西 : dong(1) xi(1) thing; creature 也 : ye(3) also 喝 : he(1) drink 去 : qu(4) go 时候 : shi(2) hou(4) (a point in) time 现在 : xian(4) zai(4) now 一会儿 : yi(1) hui(4) er(2) a little while 不 : bu(4) not; no 咖啡: ka(1) fei(1) coffee 小姐 : xiao(3) jie(3) miss; young lady 王 wang(2) a surname; king 茶 : cha(2) tea 两杯 : liang(3) bei(1) two cups of 要 : yao(4) want; ask for 做 : zuo(4) do; make 午饭 : wu(3) fan(4) lunch 一起 : yi(1) qi(3) together 北京 : bei(3) jing(1) Beijing; Peking 饭店 : fan(4) dian(4) hotel; restaurant 点钟 : dian(3) zhong(1) o'clock 几 : ji(1) how many; several 几点钟? ji(1) dian(3) zhong(1) what time? 八 : ba(1) eight 啤酒 : pi(2) jiu(3) beer 九 : jiu(3) understand 一 : yi(1) one 二 : er(4) two 三 : san(1) three 四 : si(4) four 五 : wu(3) five 六 : liu(4) six 七 : qi(1) seven 八 : ba(1) eight 九 : jiu(3) nine 十 : shi(2) ten 不行: bu(4) xing(2) won't do; be not good 那么 : na(3) me in that way; so 跟...一起 : gen(1)...yi(1) qi(3) with .. -
Gateless Gate Has Become Common in English, Some Have Criticized This Translation As Unfaithful to the Original
Wú Mén Guān The Barrier That Has No Gate Original Collection in Chinese by Chán Master Wúmén Huìkāi (1183-1260) Questions and Additional Comments by Sŏn Master Sǔngan Compiled and Edited by Paul Dōch’ŏng Lynch, JDPSN Page ii Frontspiece “Wú Mén Guān” Facsimile of the Original Cover Page iii Page iv Wú Mén Guān The Barrier That Has No Gate Chán Master Wúmén Huìkāi (1183-1260) Questions and Additional Comments by Sŏn Master Sǔngan Compiled and Edited by Paul Dōch’ŏng Lynch, JDPSN Sixth Edition Before Thought Publications Huntington Beach, CA 2010 Page v BEFORE THOUGHT PUBLICATIONS HUNTINGTON BEACH, CA 92648 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. COPYRIGHT © 2010 ENGLISH VERSION BY PAUL LYNCH, JDPSN NO PART OF THIS BOOK MAY BE REPRODUCED OR TRANSMITTED IN ANY FORM OR BY ANY MEANS, GRAPHIC, ELECTRONIC, OR MECHANICAL, INCLUDING PHOTOCOPYING, RECORDING, TAPING OR BY ANY INFORMATION STORAGE OR RETRIEVAL SYSTEM, WITHOUT THE PERMISSION IN WRITING FROM THE PUBLISHER. PRINTED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA BY LULU INCORPORATION, MORRISVILLE, NC, USA COVER PRINTED ON LAMINATED 100# ULTRA GLOSS COVER STOCK, DIGITAL COLOR SILK - C2S, 90 BRIGHT BOOK CONTENT PRINTED ON 24/60# CREAM TEXT, 90 GSM PAPER, USING 12 PT. GARAMOND FONT Page vi Dedication What are we in this cosmos? This ineffable question has haunted us since Buddha sat under the Bodhi Tree. I would like to gracefully thank the author, Chán Master Wúmén, for his grace and kindness by leaving us these wonderful teachings. I would also like to thank Chán Master Dàhuì for his ineptness in destroying all copies of this book; thankfully, Master Dàhuì missed a few so that now we can explore the teachings of his teacher. -
The Treatment of Constraint According to Applied Channel Theory 59
Journal of Chinese Medicine • Number 113 • February 2017 The Treatment of Constraint According to Applied Channel Theory 59 The Treatment of Constraint According to Applied Channel Theory Introduction us to the second important concept of Applied By: Wang Ju-yi Commonly-used concepts in Chinese medicine can Channel Theory - channel qi transformation. and be difficult to comprehend, not only for practitioners Channels are involved with the movement of the Jonathan W. who do not know the Chinese language, but also for body’s qi, blood and fluids. They govern the processes Chang those who are native speakers of Chinese. As the most of nourishment, metabolism, growth and eventual fundamental concepts of Chinese medicine originated decline of the viscera, orifices and tissues of the entire Keywords: over two thousand years ago, modern practitioners body. The channels are essential for controlling and Acupuncture, face an arduous task. In order to grasp these classical regulating the processes of absorption, metabolism Chinese concepts, Dr. Wang Ju-yi believes that we should try and transformation of qi, blood, fluids and nutrients. medicine, to understand how the ancient doctors perceived the All physiological and pathological processes involve applied channel world. To do this, Dr. Wang has developed the habit of qi transformation. It is important to note that each theory, channel researching the etymology of Chinese medical terms. channel has its unique physiology (discussed in palpation, By analysing their original meaning, we can come more detail later in this article) and when there is constraint, yu, to understand how classical physicians used these an impediment in channel physiology, an abnormal 郁, depression, terms to describe the physiological and pathological change will appear in the channel that can be physically stagnation phenomena they observed in their patients. -
Self-Study Syllabus on Chinese Foreign Policy
Self-Study Syllabus on Chinese Foreign Policy www.mandarinsociety.org PrefaceAbout this syllabus with China’s rapid economic policymakers in Washington, Tokyo, Canberra as the scale and scope of China’s current growth, increasing military and other capitals think about responding to involvement in Africa, China’s first overseas power,Along and expanding influence, Chinese the challenge of China’s rising power. military facility in Djibouti, or Beijing’s foreign policy is becoming a more salient establishment of the Asian Infrastructure concern for the United States, its allies This syllabus is organized to build Investment Bank (AIIB). One of the challenges and partners, and other countries in Asia understanding of Chinese foreign policy in that this has created for observers of China’s and around the world. As China’s interests a step-by-step fashion based on one hour foreign policy is that so much is going on become increasingly global, China is of reading five nights a week for four weeks. every day it is no longer possible to find transitioning from a foreign policy that was In total, the key readings add up to roughly one book on Chinese foreign policy that once concerned principally with dealing 800 pages, rarely more than 40–50 pages will provide a clear-eyed assessment of with the superpowers, protecting China’s for a night. We assume no prior knowledge everything that a China analyst should know. regional interests, and positioning China of Chinese foreign policy, only an interest in as a champion of developing countries, to developing a clearer sense of how China is To understanding China’s diplomatic history one with a more varied and global agenda. -
These Materials Correspond to the June 1 and June 8, 2020 Sessions
The Mandarin "Lunch and Learn 午间中文" is a free, online, weekly 'Read-Aloud' series for Chinese language learners of all levels. The series helps individuals learn and practice pronunciation in Mandarin, while engaging with Chinese literature, culture and history with fellow enthusiasts. Participants will enjoy live interactions with our language and cultural experts from home. The full playlist of Lunch and Learn sessions are available on YouTube. These materials correspond to the June 1 and June 8, 2020 sessions. Guan-guan Go the Ospreys, the Book of Songs 《关雎∙诗经》 If you like learning Chinese language, literature, or particularly Chinese poetry, you have to know the Book of Songs(《诗经》), the fountainhead of Chinese literature, a collection of 305 poems, the finest form at the time and even today in Chinese language, compiled by Confucius, who lived from 551 to 479 B.C. For over 2,000 years, educated men and women in Chinese culture must, at some point, read the poems in the Book of Songs. Guan-guan Go the Ospreys(《关雎》)is the very first poem in the Book of Songs. In addition to its literary importance, many phrases and cultural references in this short poem, such as “窈窕淑女”, “求之不得”, “悠哉悠哉”, “辗转反侧” are still commonly used in modern Chinese. The poem is also one of the earliest documents referring to the important role of music in Chinese tradition. The selected English translation is by James Legge, a Scottish sinologist, missionary, and scholar, best known as an early and prolific translator of Classical Chinese texts into English. He was the first Professor of Chinese at Oxford University (1876–1897). -
Joint Center for Soft Matter and Biological Physics and Condensed Matter Seminar Prof
Joint Center for Soft Matter and Biological Physics and Condensed Matter Seminar Prof. Qi-Huo Wei Department of Physics and Advanced Materials and Liquid Crystal Institute, Kent State University, Kent, OH “Printing Molecular Orientations as You Wish” Date/Time: Monday, 21 October 2019, 4:00pm -5:00pm Location: 304 Robeson Hall Abstract: Liquid crystals consisting of rod-shaped molecules are a remarkable soft matter with extraordinary responsivity to external stimuli. Techniques to control molecular orientations are essential in both making and operating liquid crystal devices that have changed our daily lives completely. Traditional display devices are based on uniform alignments of molecules at substrate surfaces. In this talk, I will present a new photopatterning approach for aligning molecules into complex 2D and 3D orientations with sub-micron resolutions. This approach relies on so-called plasmonic metamasks to generate designer polarization direction patterns and photoalignments. I will present the basic principles behind this approach and a number of intriguing applications enabled by it, including micro-optical devices for laser beam shaping, commanding chaotic motions of bacteria, and creating topological defects with designer structures. Qi-Huo Wei studied in the Physics Department at Nanjing University and got his PhD in condensed matter physics in 1993. He is currently a professor at the Advanced Material and Liquid Crystal Institute in Kent State University, USA. He made original contributions to the basic understanding of a diverse set of topics, including single-file diffusion, plasmonic coupling in nanoparticles, Brownian motion of low symmetry colloids, and photoalignment patterning of molecular orientations. He was an Alexander von Humboldt research fellow between 1996 and 1999 at University of Konstanz in Germany, and a recipient of the NSF CAREER award in 2011. -
The “Masters” in the Shiji
T’OUNG PAO T’oungThe “Masters” Pao 101-4-5 in (2015) the Shiji 335-362 www.brill.com/tpao 335 The “Masters” in the Shiji Martin Kern (Princeton University) Abstract The intellectual history of the ancient philosophical “Masters” depends to a large extent on accounts in early historiography, most importantly Sima Qian’s Shiji which provides a range of longer and shorter biographies of Warring States thinkers. Yet the ways in which personal life experiences, ideas, and the creation of texts are interwoven in these accounts are diverse and uneven and do not add up to a reliable guide to early Chinese thought and its protagonists. In its selective approach to different thinkers, the Shiji under-represents significant parts of the textual heritage while developing several distinctive models of authorship, from anonymous compilations of textual repertoires to the experience of personal hardship and political frustration as the precondition for turning into a writer. Résumé L’histoire intellectuelle des “maîtres” de la philosophie chinoise ancienne dépend pour une large part de ce qui est dit d’eux dans l’historiographie ancienne, tout particulièrement le Shiji de Sima Qian, qui offre une série de biographies plus ou moins étendues de penseurs de l’époque des Royaumes Combattants. Cependant leur vie, leurs idées et les conditions de création de leurs textes se combinent dans ces biographies de façon très inégale, si bien que l’ensemble ne saurait être considéré comme l’équivalent d’un guide de la pensée chinoise ancienne et de ses auteurs sur lequel on pourrait s’appuyer en toute confiance. -
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On the Periphery of a Great “Empire”: Secondary Formation of States and Their Material Basis in the Shandong Peninsula during the Late Bronze Age, ca. 1000-500 B.C.E Minna Wu Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences COLUMIBIA UNIVERSITY 2013 @2013 Minna Wu All rights reserved ABSTRACT On the Periphery of a Great “Empire”: Secondary Formation of States and Their Material Basis in the Shandong Peninsula during the Late Bronze-Age, ca. 1000-500 B.C.E. Minna Wu The Shandong region has been of considerable interest to the study of ancient China due to its location in the eastern periphery of the central culture. For the Western Zhou state, Shandong was the “Far East” and it was a vast region of diverse landscape and complex cultural traditions during the Late Bronze-Age (1000-500 BCE). In this research, the developmental trajectories of three different types of secondary states are examined. The first type is the regional states established by the Zhou court; the second type is the indigenous Non-Zhou states with Dong Yi origins; the third type is the states that may have been formerly Shang polities and accepted Zhou rule after the Zhou conquest of Shang. On the one hand, this dissertation examines the dynamic social and cultural process in the eastern periphery in relation to the expansion and colonization of the Western Zhou state; on the other hand, it emphasizes the agency of the periphery during the formation of secondary states by examining how the polities in the periphery responded to the advances of the Western Zhou state and how local traditions impacted the composition of the local material assemblage which lay the foundation for the future prosperity of the regional culture. -
Governing Vessel (Du)
Class 13 - Point Location Ren Meridian - Conception Channel Sea of Yin 24 Points Total Common Points - 3, 4, 6, 8, 12. 17, 22, 23, 24 Important Points Networking/Connecting-lou - Ren 15 Point Location and Types Ren 1 會陰 huì yīn Meeting of Yin Revive from drowning (use very thick needle) Damp heat in genital area (jock itch) Ren 2 曲骨 qū gǔ Curved Bone Ren 3 中極 zhōng jí Central Pole Alarm/Front-mu UB Urinary track infection Damp heat Ren 4 關元 guān yuăn Origin Pass Alarm/Front-mu SI blood yin and yang tonify if moxa also Kidney yang and so help with yuan-qi and as such stronger jing good to restart menstruation from blood def. (more for women) Ren 5 石門 shí mén Stone Gate Alarm/Front-mu SJ Moves fluid Kidney related edema (lower areas) Ren 6 氣海 qì hăi Sea of Qi Tonify and move Qi (more for men) Ren 7 陰交 yīn jiāo Yin Intersection Ren 8 shen 闕 shén què Spirit Tower Gate Collapse (extreme def.) of yang Ren 9 水分 shuĭ fēn Water Divide Imperical point for edema Ren 10 下皖 xià wăn Lower Venter Food stagnation Move stomach qi Ren 11 犍里 jiàn lĭ Interior Strengthening tonify stomach and spleen Food stagnation Ren 12 中晥 zhōng wān Central Venter Alarm/Front-mu St Influential point for Fu Ren 13 上脘 shàng guăn Upper Venter Ren 14 巨闕 jù què Great Tower Gate Alarm/Front-mu He Ren 15 鳩尾 jiū wĕi Turtledove Tail Networking/Connecting-lou Calms the mind Ren 16 中庭 zhōng tíng Central Palace Ren 17 膻中 dān zhōng Chest Center Alarm/Front-mu Pc Influential point for Qi Insufficient lactation (St 18 + Si 1) Ren 18 玉堂 yù táng Jade Hall Ren 19 紫宮 zĭ gōng Purple Palace Ren 20 華蓋 huá gài Florid Canopy Ren 21 璇璣 xuán jī Jade Pivot Ren 22 天突 tiān tú Celestial Chimney Plumb pit sensation Phlegm stagnation Ren 23 廉泉 lián quán Ridge Spring Promote's speach Ren 24 承漿 chéng jiāng Sauce Receptacle Expels exterior wind. -
Crash Course Chinese
Crash Course Chinese Lu Yang Yanmin Liu Presented by William & Mary Confucius Institute Overview of the Workshop • Composition of Chinese names • Meanings of Chinese names • Tips for bridging the cultural gap • Structure of the Chinese phonetic system • A few easily confused syllables • Chinese as a tonal language • Useful expressions in daily life Composition of Chinese Names • Chinese names include 姓 surname and 名 given name. Chinese English Surname Given name Given name Surname 杨(yáng) 璐(lù) Lu Yang 刘(liú) 燕(yàn)敏(mǐn) Yanmin Liu 陈(chén) 晨(chén)一(yì)夫(fū) Chenyifu Chen Composition of Chinese Names • The top three surnames 王(wáng), 李(lǐ), 张(zhāng) cover more than 20% of the population. • Compound surnames are rare. They are mostly restricted to minority groups. Familiar compound surnames are 欧 (ōu)阳(yáng), 东(dōng)方(fāng), 上(shàng)官(guān), etc. What does it mean? • Pleasing sounds and/or tonal qualities • Beautiful shapes (symmetrical shaped characters like 林 (lín), 森(sēn), 品(pǐn), 晶(jīng), 磊(lěi), 鑫(xīn). • Positive association • Masculine vs. feminine Major types of male names • Firmness and strength: 刚(gāng), 力(lì), 坚(jiān) • Power: 伟(wěi), 强(qiáng), 雄(xióng) • Bravery: 勇(yǒng) • Virtues and values: 信(xìn), 诚(chéng), 正(zhèng), 义(yì) • Beauty: 帅(shuài), 俊(jùn), 高(gāo), 凯(kǎi) Major types of female names • Flowers or plants: 梅(méi), 菊(jú), 兰(lán) • Seasons: 春(chūn), 夏(xià), 秋(qiū), 冬(dōng) • Quietness and serenity: 静(jìng) • Purity and cleanness: 白(bái), 洁(jié), 清(qīng), 晶(jīng),莹(yíng) • Beauty: 美(měi), 丽(lì), 倩(qiàn) • Jade: 玉(yù), 璐 (lù) • Birds: 燕(yàn) Cultural nuances regarding Chinese names • Names reflecting particular times such as: 援(yuán) 朝(cháo) Supporting North Korea 国(guó) 庆(qìng) National Day • Female names reflecting male chauvinism such as: 来(lái) 弟(dì), 招(zhāo) 弟(dì), 娣(dì) Seeking a little brother • Since 1950s, women do not change their surnames after getting married in mainland China. -
Chinese Landscape Aesthetics: the Exchange and Nurturing of Emotions’, In: Kehrer, J
Text published as: Westermann, C. (2020), `Chinese Landscape Aesthetics: the Exchange and Nurturing of Emotions’, In: Kehrer, J. (ed.), New Horizons: Eight Perspectives on Chinese Landscape Architecture Today, Basel: Birkhäuser, pp. 34-37. Chinese Landscape Aesthetics The Exchange and Nurturing of Emotions Claudia Westermann Xi’an Jiaotong-Liverpool University And high over the willows, the fine birds sing to each other, and listen, Crying – “Kwan, Kuan,” for the early wind, and the feel of it. The wind bundles itself into a bluish cloud and wanders off. Over a thousand gates, over a thousand doors are the sounds of spring singing, And the Emperor is at Ko. Excerpt of The River Song, by Li Bai, 8th century CE, translated by Ezra Pound1. The Chinese language has a variety of terms that are typically translated into English as landscape. There is 景观 jǐng guān – scenery view. An old meaning of 景 jǐng is light, luminous. So, literally 景观 jǐng guān means luminous view. The term is generally used when referring to foreign educational programmes in landscape architecture. Traditionally, university departments in China indicate an engagement with ideas of landscape with the characters 园林 yuán lín – garden forests. These are the characters for the classical Chinese gardens. The characters 风景 fēng jǐng, that literally translate to wind scenery, or wind light as the French sinologist François Jullien suggests2, are also fairly common. Landscape in painting is referred to as 山水 shān shuǐ – mountain(s) water(s) – but also as 山川 shān chuān – mountain(s) river(s). The attentive reader will have noticed that the Chinese language always employs a pair of characters to refer to landscape.