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The History of Borsec Mineral Water Bottling
STUDIA UBB GEOGRAPHIA, LIX, 1, 2014, pp. 165-176 (RECOMMENDED CITATION) THE HISTORY OF BORSEC MINERAL WATER BOTTLING G. B. TOFAN1 ABSTRACT. – The History of Borsec Mineral Water Bottling. The mineral water springs of Borsec have been known to exist since ancient times. It started as a legend, presented by Orbán Balász, who mentions an author named Salzer. In his „Voyage Diaries in Transylvania”, Salzer recounts the discovery of healing springs in the area, and attributes it, like many other authors, to a Romanian shepherd called Gheorghe, who, suffering from ulcer, returning home one day, drank from one of the Borsec springs. Drinking the sour water, he felt better. Consequently, he remained there for a couple of days, drinking water from the same spot and curing his ailment. Written documents date back from the 16th century, when Bethlen Farkas, in the historical novel „Historia”, recounts that, in 1594, Sigismund Bathory, who resided in Alba Iulia, suffered from nervous exhaustion. His Italian doctor, Bucello, who knew about the curing effects of the Borsec mineral waters, prescribed a treatment using the water from the „Lobogó” spring. The water, transported to the princely estate in large covered barrels, eventually healed Sigismund Bathory. It is easy to see why, at the end of the 16th century, the mineral water of Borsec, with its miracle properties, was well known in Transylvania and at the imperial court of Vienna. The above mentioned spring, used from the 19th century onwards, for spas and for bottling, earned great renown, especially due to the high concentration of CO2 (over 2.5 g/l). -
Revista De Geomorfologie
ASOCIAŢIA GEOMORFOLOGILOR DIN ROMÂNIA REVISTA DE GEOMORFOLOGIE 13 2 0 1 1 REVISTA DE GEOMORFOLOGIE / REVIEW OF GEOMORPHOLOGIE Editori/Editors: Prof. univ. dr. Virgil SURDEANU – Preşedintele A.G.R., Universitatea „Babeş -Bolyai ”, Cluj Napoca Prof. univ. dr. Florina GRECU, Universitatea din Bucureşti Colegiul de redacţie /Editorial boards: Dr. Lucian BADEA , Institutul de Geografie, Bucureşti Prof. dr. Yvonne BATHIAU-QUENNEY , Universitatea din Lille, Franţa Prof. dr. Dan BĂLTEANU , Universitatea din Bucureşti Prof. dr. Costică BRÂNDUŞ, Universitatea „Ştefan ce! Mare”, Suceava Prof. dr. Doriano CASTALDINI, Universitatea din Modena, Italia Prof. dr. Adrian CIOACĂ, Universitatea „Spiru Haret”, Bucureşti Prof. dr. Morgan de DAPPER, Universitatea din Gand, Belgia Prof. dr. Mihaela DINU , Universitatea Româno -Americană, Bucureşti Prof. dr. Francesco DRAMIS, Universitatea Roma 3, Roma, Italia Prof. dr. Eric FOUACHE , Universitatea Paris 12, Franţa Prof. dr. Paolo Roberto FEDERICI, Universitatea din Pisa, Italia Prof. dr. Mihai GRIGORE , Universitatea din Bucureşti Prof. dr. Mihai IELENICZ , Universitatea din Bucureşti Prof. dr. Ion IONIŢĂ, Universitatea „Al.I. Cuza”, Iaşi Prof. dr. Aurel IRIMUŞ, Universitatea „Babeş -Bolyai”, CIuj -Napoca Prof. dr. Nicolae JOSAN, Universitatea din Oradea Prof. dr. Ion MAC , Universitatea „Babeş -Bolyai”, Cluj -Napoca Prof. dr. André OZER , Universitatea din Liège, Belgia Prof. dr. Kosmas PAVLOPOULOS, Universitatea din Atena, Grecia Prof. dr. Dan PETREA, Universitatea „Babeş -Bolyai”, Cluj -Napoca Prof. dr. docent Grigore POSEA , Universitatea „Spiru Haret”, Bucureşti Prof. dr. Ioan POVARĂ, Institutul de Speologie, Bucureşti Prof. dr. Maria RĂDOANE, Universitatea „Ştefan cel Mare” Suceava Prof. dr. Nicolae RĂDOANE , Universi tatea „Ştefan cel Mare”, Suceava Prof. dr. Contantin RUSU , Universitatea „Al. I. Cuza”, Iaşi Dr. Maria SANDU , Institutul de Geografie, Bucureşti Prof. -
Strategia De Dezvoltare Locală a Comunei Corbu Pentru Perioada 2021 – 2027
1 Anexă la HCL nr. 9 /28.01.2021 STRATEGIA DE DEZVOLTARE LOCALĂ A COMUNEI CORBU PENTRU PERIOADA 2021 – 2027 2 CUPRINS INTRODUCERE 1 Agricultură 12 2 Analiza cadrului demografic 14 3 Mișcarea natural a populației 17 4 Mișcarea migratorie a populației 18 5 Forța de muncă 19 6 Nivel de trai 22 7 Educație și învățământ 27 8 Cultură 32 9 Economie 36 10 Sistemul de sănătate și asistență socială 40 11 Urbanism 46 12 ANALIZA SWOT 56 13 Portofoliul de proiecte 67 14 Implementarea și monitorizarea strategiei 77 15 Indicatori de evaluare a implementării strategiei 82 3 INTRODUCERE Delimitări conceptuale Strategia reprezintă cadrul care orientează alegerile ce determină natura și direcția unei comunități. Aceasta ajută la stabilirea unei direcții unitare pentru comunitate în termenii obiectivelor sale operaționale și furnizează baza alocării resurselor necesare pentru orientarea acesteia spre atingerea scopului principal și a obiectivelor stabilite. Strategia de Dezvoltare Locală reprezintă instrumentul participativ care implică întreaga comunitate și care are drept scop asigurarea dezvoltării economice și sociale. De cele mai multe ori, o asemenea Strategie de Dezvoltare Locală este un demers pe termen scurt, mediu și lung, aceasta reprezentând o modalitate de protecție pentru viitorul comunității. De asemenea, trebuie menționat faptul că Strategia de Dezvoltare Locală este instrumentul principal pentru luarea unor decizii care are la bază evaluări anterioare cu caracter justificativ. Construirea acesteia se realizează cu ajutorul datelor colectate în teren și a analizei documentelor oficiale întemeiate de specialiștii din domenii diferite. Planificarea strategică reprezintă procesul sistematic prin care comunitatea, (în cazul acesta, comuna Corbu) agreează anumite priorități esențiale pentru îndeplinirea misiunii ei și se află în concordanță cu evoluția mediului înconjurător. -
A Century of Rural Change in Northeastern Transylvania: Corbu
pzc GEOGRAPHICA ANNONICA No6; p 29-37 gheni) comprised the Tulghes ‘plasa’ (or district) within Ciuc county, while the A Century of Rural Change larger depression to the west was divided between the Gheorgheni and Toplita districts (in Ciuc and Mures-Turda coun- in Northeastern Transylvania: ties respectively). But the Tulghes district was subsequently split between these Corbu and its Region two and this arrangement persisted into the communist period when Toplita district (now labelled a ‘raion’) included Bilbor, Borsec, Corbu, Galautas, Sarmas and Subcetate (Pufulete & Dumitrescu Muica, N.* & Turnock, D.** 1983); while Gheorgheni district included Ditrau, Lazarea, Remetea and Tulghes Abstract This is a study of a rural com- orbu is a Transylvanian village - all within the Hungarian Autonomous mune in the northeast of Transylvania in the Eastern Carpathians, Region based on Targu Mures. These which has attracted geographical on Clocated close to the border with arrangements gave way to the present several occasions during the last century Moldavia at an altitude of some 700m in situation in 1968 when districts were in such a way as to provide in-depth the Bistricioara valley (a tributary of the eliminated and counties restored: now perspectives on the progress of develop- Bistrita). Although it lies on the main the entire district comprises the north- ment in the context of a frontier region at road connecting Cluj-Napoca with Iasi ernmost part of Harghita county, with a the contact of Hungarian and Romanian (via Reghin, Toplita and Targu Neamt), large Hungarian majority, but it also lies settlement. Although private farming has the locality rather isolated by the lack of on the northeasterly limit of the territory persisted without the upheaval of collec- direct links northwards towards Bistrita where the Secui population mingled with tivisation, the area has been marginalised and Vatra Dornei. -
1 Starea Iniţială a Judeţului Harghita
PLANUL LOCAL DE ACŢIUNE PENTRU MEDIU JUDEŢUL HARGHITA 2007-2013 2006 CUPRINS CUVÂNT DE INTRODUCERE REZUMAT EXECUTIV CAPITOLUL 1. - INTRODUCERE 1.1. Ce este un plan de acţiune pentru mediu (PLAM) şi care este rolul său în judeţul Harghita 1.2. Structura şi metodologia utilizată pentru elaborarea PLAM 1.1.1 Consideraţii generale 1.1.2 Identificarea şi clasificarea problemelor / aspectelor de mediu 1.1.3 Transformarea problemelor / aspectelor de mediu într-un plan de acţiune CAPITOLUL 2. – STAREA INIŢIALĂ A JUDEŢULUI HARGHITA 2.1 Informaţii generale asupra judeţului 2.1.1 Valori istorice şi culturale 2.1.2 Descrierea judeţului Harghita 2.2 Starea mediului în judeţul Harghita 2.2.1 Starea calităţii atmosferei 2.2.2 Starea apelor de suprafaţă şi subterane 2.2.3 Starea solurilor 2.2.4 Starea pădurilor 2.2.5 Starea habitatelor naturale, a florei şi faunei sălbatice 2.2.6 Starea ariilor protejate 2.2.7 Starea radioactivităţii mediului 2.2.8 Starea aşezărilor umane 2.2.9 Poluări accidentale 2.2.10 Zone critice privind deteriorarea calităţii mediului de pe teritoriul judeţului CAPITOLUL 3. – PROBLEME / ASPECTE DE MEDIU PRIORITARE DIN JUDEŢUL HARGHITA 3.1 Descrierea metodologiei de identificare, evaluare şi selectare a problemelor / aspectelor de mediu 3.2 Descrierea, analizarea şi evaluarea problemelor / aspectelor de mediu 3.3 Selectarea problemelor prioritare şi sinteza problemelor / aspectelor de mediu prioritare selectate CAPITOLUL 4. - PLANUL LOCAL DE ACŢIUNE PENTRU MEDIU AL JUDEŢULUI HARGHITA 4.1 Acţiuni strategice pentru protecţia mediului -
The Exploitation of the Tulgheş-Grinţieş Uranium Deposit. Between Benefits and Controversy
STUDIA UBB GEOGRAPHIA, LXI, 1, 2016, pp. 1 - 1 (RECOMMENDED CITATION) 05 14 THE EXPLOITATION OF THE TULGHEŞ-GRINŢIEŞ URANIUM DEPOSIT. BETWEEN BENEFITS AND CONTROVERSY G. B. TOFAN1, A. NIŢĂ2, C. NIMARĂ3, B. N. PĂCURAR4 ABSTRACT. – The Exploitation of the Tulgheș-Grințieș Uranium Deposit. Between Benefits and Controversy. Romania is one of the few European states (alongside the Czech Republic, France, Germany, Ukraine) and one of the few in the world with uranium deposits (Canada, Australia, Niger, Namibia are others), mainly used in the energy sector. According to recent studies, the only currently exploited deposit (Crucea-Botușana, Suceava County) is nearly depleted (by 2019) and will be eventually shut down. For this reason, there are plans to open a new uranium mining facility in the Tulgheș-Grințieș area, where geological surveys have proven that the area holds the largest uranium deposit in the country. It will provide the necessary fuel for Cernavodă Nuclear Power Plant, for the two functional reactors, which have a total capacity of 706 MW each (producing roughly 18% of the country's electricity needs), as well as for units 3 and 4, not operational yet. The study at hand intends to emphasize several aspects regarding the exploitation possibilities for the uranium deposit from the two mineralized structures located in the fracture areas of the central Carpathian line, through which the crystalline overflows the Cretaceous Flysch. Furthermore, the environmental impact analysis as well as the long term safety and security of the population inhabiting the area will be of utmost importance. Keywords: uranium, radioactivity, Cernavodă Nuclear Power Plant, Tulgheș, Grințieș. -
The Balneotouristic Potential of the Mineral Waters from the Northern Part of Elongated Basin (Drăgoiasa-Glodu-Bilbor-Borsec- Corbu-Tulgheș) and Their Capitalization
2nd International Conference - Water resources and wetlands. 11-13 September, 2014 Tulcea (Romania); Available online at http://www.limnology.ro/water2014/proceedings.html Editors: Petre Gâştescu ; Włodzimierz Marszelewski ; Petre Bretcan; ISSN: 2285-7923; Pages: 563-570; Open access under CC BY-NC-ND license ; THE BALNEOTOURISTIC POTENTIAL OF THE MINERAL WATERS FROM THE NORTHERN PART OF ELONGATED BASIN (DRĂGOIASA-GLODU-BILBOR-BORSEC- CORBU-TULGHEȘ) AND THEIR CAPITALIZATION George-Bogdan Tofan, Adrian Niţă „Babeş-Bolyai” University, Faculty of Geography, Cluj-Napoca, 5-7 Clinicilor Street, 400006, Romania, E-mail: [email protected], [email protected] Abstract The Drăgoiasa-Tulgheş Flume represents an entity with a specific geographic-touristic personality, that has an important hydrogeographic potential, poorly capitalized at the present moment, represented by the hydromineral resources from the Căliman-Harghita mofette reservoir, where ever since the 16th century there has been a so called „mineral water civilization”. Therefore, the mineral waters that exist here have lead to the development of a certain type of set up and a certain type of tourism, the spa tourism, seen as a „journey” made for treatment, recovery or preventing ailments, for people with functional problems, for relaxation, recreation and wellbeing, through therapeutic treatment. Keywords: mineral waters, borcut, borviz swamps, the Căliman-Harghita mofette, spa tourism. 1. INTRODUCTION The Drăgoiasa-Tulgheş depressionary alignment is a well defined geographic unit, whose shape is that of a narrow and high depressionary passageway, made up of string of small depressions (Drăgoiasa, Glodu, Bilbor, Secu, Borsec, Corbu and Tulgheş), situated in the Central group of the Eastern Carpathians, where the crystalline-Mesosoic area of the Bistricioarei Mountains (to the east) and the Neogene eruptive of the Căliman Mountains (to the west) meet. -
The Villa, Identity Component in the Tourism Infrastructure of Borsec Spa Resort
STUDIA UBB GEOGRAPHIA, LXII, 2, 2017 (p. 113‐121) (RECOMMENDED CITATION) DOI:10.24193/subbgeogr.2017.2.07 THE VILLA, IDENTITY COMPONENT IN THE TOURISM INFRASTRUCTURE OF BORSEC SPA RESORT G. B. TOFAN1, A. NIŢĂ2 ABSTRACT. – The Villa, Identity Component in the Tourism Infrastructure of Borsec Spa Resort. villa Our study intends to emphasize several trends concerning the dynamic of a classic accommodation component ( ), currently experiencing a revival and rehabilitation in Borsec. In regards to this last aspect, one must point out that most investors are from the Republic of Moldova, Hungary and Israel. In Borsec, this form of accommodation was dominant at the beginning of the tourist pensions1990s, but due to severe wear and tear and gradual closures, the accommodation structure began to change in 2004, villas being slowly replaced by . This situation was further exacerbated by difficult road and “Transylvania” railway connections, traffic requiring transhipment. The closest railway station is in the town of Topliţa, 25 km away, while the Târgu Mureş International Airport is located roughly 140 km away. In the last couple of years, a lot of attention was focused on county road 128 (Borsec‐Jolotca), since it is an investment crucial for the tourists visiting Borsec, by shortening the distance by 30 km to the county capital, Miercurea‐Ciuc. Another noteworthy aspect is that in February 2017, the Government Decree no. 9 restated the town of Borsec as a national Keywords:tourism resort. spa resort, mineral waters, villas, wear and tear, rehabilitation. 1. INTRODUCTION The town of Borsec is located in the Central Group of the Eastern Carpathians, overlapping the homonymous basin, developed along Vinului Stream, a right‐side tributary of Bistricioara River. -
115 Geo Toponymy in the Northern Part of Drăgoiasa
LUCRĂRILE SEMINARULUI GEOGRAFIC “DIMITRIE CANTEMIR” NR. 36, 2013 GEO TOPONYMY IN THE NORTHERN PART OF DRĂGOIASA-GLODU-BILBOR-SECU-BORSEC-CORBU-TULGHEȘ DEPRESSION ALIGNMENT George-Bogdan Tofan1, Bogdan-Nicolae Păcurar1 Abstract. This study represents a first approach regarding the geo toponymy of Drăgoiasa- Tulgheş depression alignment, a less known and less visible component of the Eastern Carpathians, that of small depressions, which involved an analysis of the theoretic aspects in regards to toponymy, but also involving my own studies, perceived and intepreted based on the field research. The study of the names of places found in this area was conducted froma geographic perspective, through geographic methods, which allowed me to classify or at least try to classify some toponyms and decipher their original meaning. Key words: small depressions, geo-morphonyms, hydronyms, oiconyms, econonyms 1. Introduction The approach used in this research is mainly based on a series of toponym-geographic categories and subcategories such as: geo-morphonyms, hydronyms (potamonyms, telmatonyms, emergotoponyms), oiconyms, econonyms (hodonyms). All the names of this space reflect a certain functionality, given in certain times and in geographic-historical circumstances. Therefore, toponymy reflects man's connection with the environment, being an expression of the humanized geographic space (R. Creţan, 2000). Within Drăgoiasa-Tulgheş depression alignment, there are some unofficial toponyms that reflect the names of human settlements (Dâmbeni, Săcu, Pintec).