DOCSLIB.ORG

{DOWNLOAD} the Paradoxes of Paul Ebook, Epub

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
{DOWNLOAD} the Paradoxes of Paul Ebook, Epub THE PARADOXES OF PAUL PDF, EPUB, EBOOK D A Carson,Mark A Seifrid | 545 pages | 12 Jan 2005 | Baker Publishing Group | 9780801027413 | English | Grand Rapids, United Kingdom Omnipotence paradox - Wikipedia Hoppe's other clients have included the "free-trade" promoting and job-busting US Chamber of Commerce, recently outed as perhaps the tobacco industry's most influential champion not only in Washington but the entire world. Eric Cantor R-VA , the House majority leader who was found to be so deeply embedded in the money machinery of Washington's crony capitalism that he was embarrassingly trounced by an obscure tea partier running against him in their Republican primary. Now that successful challenger, David Brat, has endorsed Ryan. Oh, the temptations, the temptations ready for plucking! You get the picture. Paul Ryan, waiting to be crowned speaker of what was once called "The People's House," prepares for business-as-usual. Committed to the sad and sordid Washington game that has so angered Americans on every point of the political spectrum, he is about to be named one of its Most Valuable Players. And if anyone tells you otherwise, just recall for them the testimony of one of Ryan's own Republican colleagues, Rep. Walter B. Jones of North Carolina, who says he can't support Ryan because, "If you've got problems with a man today, and the man tells you, 'Tomorrow, I'll be a different person' - it doesn't happen. Do you have information you want to share with HuffPost? Your vote is your voice! It is your right and your responsibility. For your voice to be heard, in most states you must register before you can vote. Visit the state elections site. For the Nov 3 election: States are making it easier for citizens to vote absentee by mail this year due to the coronavirus. Each state has its own rules for mail-in absentee voting. Visit your state election office website to find out if you can vote by mail. Sometimes circumstances make it hard or impossible for you to vote on Election Day. But your state may let you vote during a designated early voting period. For some sense of change. Because in the same way we need a sense of control, we also need a sense of change. And that just messes up the whole gameplan. So you do it. But then you fall in love with a Sherpa named Domino and decide to knit saris and restart your life in the wondrous wilderness of Nepal. This newness is exciting. Thank God you took the leap. This change was necessary…. Because suddenly, you find yourself in Nepal, broke and alone Domino left you for a younger, cuter, inexperienced mountain climber. Do they even wear them in Nepal? Who knows? Suddenly, you feel like that kid in the dark house again—danger and peril lurking around every corner. But not in the badass self-assured way … in the very real, animalistic way. Something could happen to you. And suddenly, you crave the safety and stability of familiarity and home. And while you may or may not regret the detour to Nepal, you know one thing: you need to get back to stability, because that is what will bring satisfaction back to your life…. How to Resolve the Paradox: When we feel a lack of control in our lives, we experience anxiety and despair. We struggle to find meaning or purpose for ourselves. And, after enough time, we begin to break down mentally and physically. To reassert control for ourselves, we seek new experiences and change. But change has consequences, and often those consequences are unexpected or outside of our control. Therefore, if we destabilize our environment and our lives too much, we fall back into anxiety and despair. Change, of course, has its limits, because the more we seek change, the more meaningless that change becomes. One new haircut is exciting. Twelve new haircuts then just becomes another routine. So, we seem stuck: pursue too much stability and life becomes dull and uneventful; pursue too much change and we lose ourselves in superficial excess. Too much stability and our control feels meaningless. Too much change and we feel out of control. To resolve the paradox of control, we must pursue both stability and change simultaneously. That means consciously changing our lives gradually and reasonably. That means setting goals. That means incremental changes done with purpose. That means creating smart habits. That means imagining the person you desire to be and taking small, baby-steps towards that person. That means practicing self-discipline. So, the correct amount of self-discipline for you might be different from me and vice-versa. But the principle remains: we achieve both stability and change through steady, controlled discipline. Jean-Paul Sartre was a dark dude. A brilliant writer, he was captured by the Nazis and held in a prison camp for nine months. Upon release, he joined the French resistance, regularly risking his life in efforts to undermine some Nazi scum. These experiences had a profound influence on Sartre and his writing which, in the decades following the war, would arguably become the most important philosophical works of the 20th century. We are each, from moment to moment and experience to experience, choosing what we wish to matter in our lives, thus giving our own lives meaning. Sartre believed that to truly generate a life of meaning for oneself, you had to be willing to risk death as in, fight some motherfucking Nazis. But he also noted that this willingness to choose something to die for is absolutely horrifying and impossibly difficult for most of us most of the time. We avoid this responsibility to choose what matters for ourselves. We distract ourselves and numb ourselves to it. He said that ultimately, this need to commit to something in the face of freedom crippled many of us emotionally , that it was the greatest challenge any of us would ever face. Sartre won a Nobel Prize for his work… but being the edgelord emo kid he was, he decided to pass on it in favor of smoking even fancier French cigarettes. On the one hand, we are free—we are free to choose what to do, what to believe, and what to think. But this freedom can also become overwhelming. We can become addicted to infinite options, to the constant possibility of bigger, better, more, more, more. Beyond a certain point, freedom seems to discourage commitment because we are too aware of everything that we are potentially giving up. For instance, when you commit to one partner , part of the significance of that commitment is the fact that you have given up the freedom to commit to other people. But just as we can be overwhelmed by our freedom, we can also become overwhelmed by our commitments. At some point, we need to feel as though we have an option again, as though we have a choice in our commitments. So we seek independence. We throw off commitments and labels. We try to stand alone. We break free. I choose my dainty French cigarettes! But after a while, that too can lead us to malaise, a sense that it was all for nothing. After all, if we cast off all of our commitments in favor of freedom, then our commitments meant nothing. But if we give up all of our freedoms in favor of our commitments, then our freedoms meant nothing. How to Resolve the Paradox: Much like the paradox of change vs stability was resolved by merging the two extremes, here the only way to resolve the paradox of choice is by committing to actions that multiply our freedoms— that is, making a commitment to our own growth. The ability to commit to exercise makes your body more capable and adaptable, expanding your physical freedom. The commitment of education grants you the greater freedoms provided by the knowledge you learn. The commitment to certain relationships helps you emotionally mature into an individual that is more able to flourish. Our commitments, when made out of insecurity and fear , shrink ourselves. I am arbitrarily limiting myself. Whereas if I commit to writing 72 episodes of a comedy show, I am expanding myself from my commitment, opening myself up to greater freedoms provided by my efforts. He did everything I did, agreed with everything I said, laughed when I laughed, got upset when I got upset, and so on. It was unbearable. I quickly started hating this kid. Open Preview See a Problem? Details if other :. Thanks for telling us about the problem. Return to Book Page. Preview — The Paradoxes of Paul by D. Carson Editor ,. Mark A. A comprehension of Paul's understanding of the law and justification has been a perennial problem for historians and theologians. In light of new studies on early Judaism, an international group of esteemed New Testament scholars evaluates the paradoxes of Paul in this second volume of Justification and Variegated Nomism. Contributors include Martin Hengel, Douglas J. Moo, A comprehension of Paul's understanding of the law and justification has been a perennial problem for historians and theologians. Moo, Timothy George, and Stephen Westerholm. Get A Copy. Paperback , pages. Published November 1st by Baker Academic first published August 1st More Details Original Title. Justification and Variegated Nomism, vol. Justification and Variegated Nomism 2. Other Editions 1. Friend Reviews. To see what your friends thought of this book, please sign up. To ask other readers questions about The Paradoxes of Paul , please sign up. Be the first to ask a question about The Paradoxes of Paul.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Philosophical Issues with Existence of God
    Philosophical issues with existence of God www.rationalhumor.com R.N Session Schedule Session # Date / Time Session Name Brief Description 1 Jan 24th – Sunday General Concepts & History of Understand what are the various belief systems. 2:00pm to 4:00pm Philosophy Historical Review of how Philosophy evolved 2 Jan 31stth – Sunday General Philosophy an Introduction General Introduction into what is the branch of 2:00pm to 4:00pm Philosophy and then specifically review religious philosophy 3 Feb 7th – Sunday Philosophyof Religion How philosophyis handled and presented in the 2:00pm to 4:00pm various MAJOR religions – Abrahaministic & Eastern 4 Feb 14th – Sunday Logic & Logical Fallacies Understanding Logic and understanding how to 2:00pm to 4:00pm identify fallacies in arguments 5 Feb 21st – Sunday Arguments for the Existence of God Theological arguments; Ontological Arguments and 2:00pm to 4:00pm Teleological Arguments for the Existence of God 6 Feb 28th – Sunday Philosophical issues with existence of Philosophical issues with existence – Boeing 747 2:00pm to 4:00pm God Gambit; Russell’s TeaPot; Morality etc. 7 March 7th - Sunday Free Will and Theodicy Theproblem of Free Will with respect to 2:00pm to 4:00pm Omnipotence; Omniscience and Omni benevolence. Problem with Evil 8 March 14th – Sunday Putting it all together Summarizingkey concepts 2:00pm to 4:00pm www.rationalhumor.com R.N Background Information a) Free Will - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lAqFbiBDb _c b) Eastern Religions - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n3w5ZUs7 ayI c) Belief - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0pOI2YvV uuE Arguments against the existence of God Type Empirical Arguments • Inconsistent revelations from various faiths.
    [Show full text]
  • Critical Analysis of Views on God's
    5th International Conference on Research in Behavioral and Social Science Spain | Barcelona | December 7-9, 2018 Beyond the Barriers of Nature: Critical analysis of views on God’s Existence in various religions R. Rafique, N. Abas Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Gujrat, Hafiz Hayat Campus, Gujrat Abstract: This article reports critical overview of views on existence of God and naturalism. Theists argue the existence of God, atheists insist nonexistence of God, while agnostics claim the existence of God is unknowable, and even if exists, it is neither possible to demonstrate His existence nor likely to refute this spiritual theology. The argument that the existence of God can be known to all, even before exposure to any divine revelation, predates before Islam, Christianity and even Judaism. Pharos deity claim shows that the concept of deity existed long before major religions. History shows the Greek philosophers also tried to explore God before, during and after the prophet’s revolution in Mesopotamia. Today presupposition apologetical doctrine (Abram Kuyper) ponders and defends the existence of God. They conclude the necessary condition of belief to be exposed to revelation that atheists deny calling transcendental necessity. Human experience and action is proof of God’s existence as His existence is the necessary condition of human being’s intelligibility. The spirituality exists in all human sub-consciousness and sometimes, reveals to consciousness of some individuals. Human being’s inability to conceive the cosmos shows that there exist more types of creatures in different parts of universe. Enlightened men’s capability to resurrect corpse proves soul’s immortality.
    [Show full text]
  • An Annotated Bibliography of Omnipotence
    An Annotated Bibliography of Omnipotence Kenneth L. Pearce November 12, 2011 This bibliography was prepared as part of the process of writing the article \Omnipotence" for the Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Theories of omni- potence are distinguished into act theories, which suppose that an omnipotent being would be able to perform any action meeting certain conditions, to be specified by the theory, and result theories, which suppose that an omnipotent being would be able to bring about any result, again meeting certain conditions. Anderson, C. Anthony. 1984. Divine omnipotence and impossible tasks: an in- tensional analysis. International Journal for Philosophy of Religion 15 (3): 109{124. Produces a rigorous formalization of the Stone Paradox, and defends a sophisticated act theory against it. Aquinas, St. Thomas. 1921. The summa theologica of St. Thomas Aquinas. 2nd ed. Trans. Fathers of the English Dominican Province. London: Burns Oates & Washbourne. http://newadvent.org/summa/. Part 1, Qu. 25, Art. 3 argues that omnipotence should be understood as the ability to do anything that is absolutely possible, i.e., that does not imply a contradiction. Brown, Campbell, and Yujin Nagasawa. 2005. Anything you can do, God can do better. American Philosophical Quarterly 42 (3): 221 {227. Argues that the impossibility of an omnipotent being can be derived from the premise that if a being cannot make a stone it cannot lift, it is not omnipotent, plus a few principles widely accepted by theists. As a result, theists must reject this principle. Cargile, James. 1967. On omnipotence. No^us 1 (2): 201{205. Points out that the paradox formulated in Cowan 1965 only tells against necessary omnipotence and advocates an account of omnipotence according to which, for any possible action, an omnipotent being possesses a power which could be exercised in the performance of that action.
    [Show full text]
  • TWO ARGUMENTS of ST. ANSELM 1. in Proslogium II, St. Anselm
    APPENDIX TWO ARGUMENTS OF ST. ANSELM 1. In Proslogium II, St. Anselm argues as follows: And assuredly that than which no greater being can be conceived, cannot exist in the understanding alone. For suppose it exists in the understanding alone: then it can be conceived to exist in reality; which is greater. Therefore, if that than which nothing greater can be conceived exists in the understanding alone, the very being than which nothing greater can be conceived, is one, than which a greater can be conceived. But obviously this is impossible. Hence, there is no doubt that there exists a being, than which nothing greater can be conceived, and it exists both in the understanding and in reality. 1 I shall take "exists in the understanding alone" to mean "is logically possible but not actual", and I shall take "a being than which no greater can be conceived" to mean "a being than which no greater being is logically possible", i.e., "a maximally great being". Moreover, I shall take "[If X] exists in the understanding alone, [then] it can be conceived to exist in reality, which is greater" to mean "If X is merely logically possible, then it would be greater if it were actual"; and I shall take it that the bearer of the predicate "would be greater if it were actual" is, at least, a logically possible object. Given these interpretations, Anselm's argument can be restated as follows: (1) If there were a logically possible object which is a maximally great being and it were merely logically possible (rather than both logically possible and actual), then it would be greater if it were actual.
    [Show full text]
  • Atheist Symbols Atheism
    Atheist symbols Atheism What is it? Atheism Defined • Atheism [ey-thee-iz-uhm] -noun : a lack of belief in a god or gods. • Atheism deals with belief, not knowledge. • Atheism makes no positive claims. • Percent of Atheists in the U.S. population. Degrees of Atheism • Strong Atheists- I believe that No gods exists • Weak Atheists- I have no belief in any gods • Anti-theist- I am opposed to all religions. • Agnostic- Used by many to mean a “fence- sitter” or undecided. Misconceptions about Atheism • Atheism is a religion. • Atheists don’t believe in anything. • Atheists hate god. • Atheists worship the devil. • Atheists are unhappy angry people. • Atheists just need to hear the “good news”. • Atheists that have lost their faith were never true believers. • Atheists have no morals • Atheists want to take away peoples faith. • Atheism leads to other societal woes. • Atheists don’t exist. History of Atheism • Earliest form of the Word recorded in 600 B.C. in ancient Greek. • 1566 first recorded use of Atheist. (French) • Late 1700’s was first used as a self description. • In the 1840’s the first major self-avowed American Atheists were Elizabeth Cody Stanton and Susan B. Anthony. Both were active in women’s Suffrage. • 1885 -Col. Robert Ingersoll was elected the president of the American Secular Union. This was the first organized secular organization in America. Mark Twain was one of the first members. History of Atheism • 1859-Darwin published his world changing book “On the origin of species” • Mid-1800’s to the first world war, Atheist and Secularist’s were involved in many social issues: -Abortion, slavery, contraception, sufferage • 1925- Scope’s Monkey trail was the beginning of the culture wars in America.
    [Show full text]
  • On Autonomy and Self-Binding Charlie Coil University of Arkansas, Fayetteville
    University of Arkansas, Fayetteville ScholarWorks@UARK Theses and Dissertations 8-2018 Abandoning the Dream of Omnipotence: On Autonomy and Self-Binding Charlie Coil University of Arkansas, Fayetteville Follow this and additional works at: http://scholarworks.uark.edu/etd Part of the Applied Behavior Analysis Commons, Behavioral Economics Commons, and the Comparative Philosophy Commons Recommended Citation Coil, Charlie, "Abandoning the Dream of Omnipotence: On Autonomy and Self-Binding" (2018). Theses and Dissertations. 2893. http://scholarworks.uark.edu/etd/2893 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by ScholarWorks@UARK. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks@UARK. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected]. Abandoning the Dream of Omnipotence: On Autonomy and Self-Binding A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Philosophy by Charles Coil, Jr. University of Arkansas Master of Arts in Philosophy, 2009 August 2018 University of Arkansas This dissertation is approved for recommendation to the Graduate Council. ______________________________ Eric Funkhouser, PhD Dissertation Director ______________________________ ______________________________ Jacob Adler, PhD Tom Senor, PhD Committee Member Committee Member Abstract I offer a prolegomenon to the philosophical study of a uniquely human activity—the self- binding act. This philosophical interest directly connects with the Enlightenment project of centralizing personal autonomy and individual freedom as primary values of personhood. Self- binding represents an easily referenced action that introduces a possible clash between autonomy and freedom on the one hand seen as in conflict with other ancient basic human values like self- control and avoiding akrasia.
    [Show full text]
  • Specialist Dawah Training Course
    SPECIALIST DAWAH TRAINING COURSE COURSE NOTES FITRAH AND FIRST PRINCIPLES EVERYTHING HAS FIRST PRINCIPLES 2 There is no such thing as a metaphysics-free enquiry. There is always the need to start with something nonnegotiable to understand anything. Without first principles we are somewhat blind; they are like the lenses we put on to comprehend the world around us. Although the idea of metaphysics may be a subject that is considered ‘dead’, it always seems to resurrect itself—many times disguised as science or common sense. Every field of enquiry has first principles, including science. Science presumes nature is uniform. This means that there is uniformity in the causes that function in physical world. In other words, the same causes come into play in related situations and these causes are predictable. For example, science assumes that the gravitational forces at work on a falling ball are related to those at work on other falling objects. _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ Logical Reasoning
    [Show full text]
  • Paradoxes Have Been Around Since the Time of Ancient Greeks & the Credit of Popularizing Them Goes to Recent Logicians
    11 Brain­Twisting Paradoxes Paradoxes have been around since the time of Ancient Greeks & the credit of popularizing them goes to recent logicians. Using logic you can usually find a fatal flaw in the paradox which shows why the seemingly impossible is either possible or the entire paradox is built on flawed thinking. Can you all work out the problems in each of the 11 paradoxes shown here? If you do, post your solutions or the fallacies in the comments. 11 The Omnipotence Paradox The paradox states that if the being can perform such actions, then it can limit its own ability to perform actions and hence it cannot perform all actions, yet, on the other hand, if it cannot limit its own actions, then that is—straight off—something it cannot do. This seems to imply that an omnipotent being’s ability to limit itself necessarily means that it will, indeed, limit itself. This paradox is often formulated in terms of the God of the Abrahamic religions, though this is not a requirement. One version of the omnipotence paradox is the so‐called paradox of the stone: “Could an omnipotent being create a stone so heavy that even that being could not lift it?” If so, then it seems that the being could cease to be omnipotent; if not, it seems that the being was not omnipotent to begin with. An answer to the paradox is that having a weakness, such as a stone he cannot lift, does not fall under omnipotence, since the definition of omnipotence implies having no weaknesses.
    [Show full text]
  • The Illogical Essence of Being Preached in the FCCW Virtual Worship Service of June 7, 2020 John 1:1-5, 10-14, 18 and Genesis 1:26-31
    The Illogical Essence of Being Preached in the FCCW Virtual Worship Service of June 7, 2020 John 1:1-5, 10-14, 18 and Genesis 1:26-31 There are certain days on the Church calendar that present preachers with the daunting challenge of having something to say about a well known passage that the congregation has not already heard many times before. These are the days like Christmas, Easter and Pentecost. Then there are days like Trinity Sunday, where the challenge is not so much to say something fresh and new as it is to simply say anything relevant to people’s real-life joys and struggles. The trouble with the Trinity is that it describes a paradox, and paradoxes are inherently unsolvable and notoriously impractical. They might stimulate our intellectual imagination for a time. But sooner or later they just exhaust our brains until we give up making sense of them. Jourdain’s Paradox is a classic example of the sort of logical nightmare that gets my brain going round and around in circles like a dog chasing its own tail. Jourdain’s Paradox supposes a card, like a business card, with a written statement on both sides. The front of the card states: The statement on the other side of this card is TRUE. The back of the card states: The statement on the other side of this card is FALSE. If both statements are true it creates a paradox. If the statement on the front of the card is true, then so is the one on the back of the card.
    [Show full text]
  • Ancient Greek Philosophy: Plato
    Ancient Greek Philosophy: Plato The influence of Socrates: Doctrine of the Forms: The Cave Analogy: aim- to help us understand our position in the realm/ world of appearances and the importance of gaining an understanding of Socrates was greatly admired by Plato. Socrates never wrote any of his In the Realm of Forms exists a true or perfect form of everything. EG. A the truth work down. Plato, however, wrote a series of dialogues, the most famous form of beauty. A FORM is unchanging. It is not a physical thing, but a of which is called The Republic. The dialogues put across philosophical CONCEPT or idea. It is the eternal idea of what a thing is. Our soul Analogy Understanding ideas through conversation. Socrates appeared in many of Plato’s originally existed in the Realm of Forms (how it got to our body is never In an underground cave prisoners have These prisoners are living in the Realm of been kept chained there, their whole life. Appearances. They are trapped by the dialogues. It is thought that in his early dialogues the character of really explained). We have some recollection of the forms and that is why They are chained with their backs to a wall chains and are unaware of reality. They Socrates actually shows us what Socrates thought. Socrates was we are able to recognise beauty…and cats. We have A PRIORI and their heads facing forward. symbolise humans who are imprisoned in sentence to death for “corrupting the youth”. knowledge of these forms. We can recollect these forms without the physical world of appearances, who cannot see the forms.
    [Show full text]
  • The Euthyphro Dilemma and the Metaethics of Al- Māturīdī
    T.C. SAKARYA ÜNİVERSİTESİ SOSYAL BİLİMLER ENSTİTÜSÜ THEOLOGICAL-ETHICS AND EPISTEMOLOGY: THE EUTHYPHRO DILEMMA AND THE METAETHICS OF AL- MĀTURĪDĪ DOKTORA TEZİ Kayhan ÖZAYKAL Enstitü Ana Bilim Dalı : Felsefe ve Din Bilimleri Enstitü Bilim Dalı : Din Felsefesi Tez Danışmanı: Prof. Dr. Atilla ARKAN Haziran — 2017 Preface The main problem of theological ethics is determining the source of morality. The matter has ancient roots and remains a major issue of division in theology for Abrahamic religions. In the Islamic tradition, Abū Mansūr al-Māturīdī represents a middle position between opposing sides of the debate. He is a neglected figure in contemporary English literature that deserves greater attention, especially because of the unique maturity, sophistication and modern applicable of his thought. Elements from Aristotle, Kant, and Derrida form a substantial part of the background to this investigation. The unity I find to exist among the three above mentioned philosophers, no doubt controversially, consists in various rationalistic approaches to epistemology that connect reason to morality. Together their ideas and methods have directed my interests in al-Māturīdī. That is why, though utilitarian philosophers, such as J. S. Mill, shall receive some attention, their influence here is not as profound. In contrast, from Aristotle, Kant and Derrida I have learnt what it is like to realise one has entered a unique vista of enquiry with the promise of grasping a fundamental truth; and from al-Māturīdī I have seen how beautiful a philosophical scheme can be. I wish to thank my supervisor Prof. Dr. Atilla Arkan for his encouragement and optimism during the writing of this thesis.
    [Show full text]
  • 1. Introduction
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Tomsk State University Repository Вестник Томского государственного университета Философия. Социология. Политология. 2019. № 47 УДК 16+17+2+51-7 DOI: 10.17223/1998863Х/47/9 V.O. Lobovikov ANALYTICAL THEOLOGY: GOD’S OMNIPOTENCE AS A FORMAL-AXIOLOGICAL LAW OF THE TWO-VALUED ALGEBRA OF FORMAL ETHICS (DEMONSTRATING THE LAW 1 BY “COMPUTING” RELEVANT EVALUATION-FUNCTIONS) The paper submits a significantly new method for analytical theology – mathematical repre- senting and solving knotty problems of theology by means of constructing and investigating their discrete mathematical models at the level of artificial language of algebraic system of formal ethics. For the first time God’s omnipotence is formulated by the artificial language and demonstrated as a formal-axiological law by “computing” relevant evaluation- functions2. Keywords: algebra-of-formal-ethics, formal-axiological-equivalence, formal-axiological- contradiction, formal-axiological-law, omnipotence-of-God3. We proceed thus to the Third Article: It seems that God is not omnipotent. … Further, sin is an act of some kind. But God cannot sin, nor deny Himself, as it is said II Tim. 2. 13. Therefore He is not omnipotent. … On the contrary, it is said: No word shall be impossible with God (Luke I. 37). I answer that, All confess that God is omnipotent; but it seems difficult to explain in what His omnipotence consists… Thomas Aquinas. Summa Theologica (Part I. Question 25. Article 3) 1. Introduction The knotty paradoxical problem of omnipotence came to us from ancient times: Augustine [1]; Pseudo-Dionysius [2]; Aquinas [3]; Descartes [4]; Leibniz [5].
    [Show full text]