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НАЦИОНАЛЬНЫЙ СТАТИСТИЧЕСКИЙ КОМИТЕТ РЕСПУБЛИКИ БЕЛАРУСЬ NATIONAL STATISTICAL COMMITTEE OF THE REPUBLIC OF BELARUS ДЕМОГРАФИЧЕСКИЙ ЕЖЕГОДНИК РЕСПУБЛИКИ БЕЛАРУСЬ DEMOGRAPHIC YEARBOOK OF THE REPUBLIC OF BELARUS Статистический сборник Statistical book МИНСК Minsk 2016 РЕДАКЦИОННАЯ КОЛЛЕГИЯ: И.В.Медведева – Председатель редакционной коллегии И.С.Кангро, Ж.Н.Василевская, Е.И.Кухаревич, О.А.Довнар, Е.М.Палковская, Т.В.Бабук В статистическом сборнике представлены основные показатели, характеризующие демографическую ситуацию Республики Беларусь. Приведены данные об административно-территориальном делении, численности и половозрастном составе населения, его размещении на территории Республики Беларусь, о рождаемости и смертности, брачности и разводимости, миграции. Сведения о родившихся представлены по возрасту матери, ее брачному состоянию, очередности рождения ребенка, данные об умерших – по полу, возрасту, причинам смерти. В сборнике публикуются обобщающие демографические показатели, характеризующие процессы воспроизводства населения, а также данные об ожидаемой продолжительности жизни при рождении. Сборник предназначен для высшего управленческого персонала, работников органов государственного управления, научных работников, профессорско- преподавательского состава, аспирантов и студентов вузов, других заинтересованных пользователей. ISBN 978-985-7115-57-0 © Национальный статистический комитет Республики Беларусь, 2016 E-mail: [email protected] http://www.belstat.gov.by © Государственный комитет по имуществу Республики Беларусь, 2016 EDITORIAL BOARD: Inna Medvedeva – Chair Irina Kangro, Zhanna Vasilevskaya, Elena Kukharevich, Olga Dovnar, Elena Palkovskaya, Tatyana Babuk The data book presents statistics on the administrative and territorial division of the Republic of Belarus, on the size and age-sex composition of the population, its distribution over the area of the country, on births, deaths, marriages and divorces as well as migration. Data on births are provided by age and marital status of mother, and by birth order; data on deaths are shown by sex, age and cause of death. The book contains summary demographic indicators characterizing the reproduction processes in population, and data on life expectancy at birth. The data book is designed for senior management, government agencies, researchers, teaching staff, faculty members and students of universities, and other interested users. ISBN 978-985-7115-57-0 © National Statictical Committee of the Republic of Belarus, 2016 E-mail: [email protected] http://www.belstat.gov.by © State Committee for Property of the Republic of Belarus, 2016 ПРЕДИСЛОВИЕ В сборнике представлена статистическая информация по важнейшим демографическим показателям Республики Беларусь. Демографическое развитие Республики Беларусь включает в себя данные по численности, естественному и механическому движению населения. Статистические данные приведены по Республике Беларусь, областям и г.Минску более чем за десятилетний период; основные демографические показатели в районном разрезе представлены за ряд лет. Данные о численности населения за межпереписной период (2000 – 2009 гг.) скорректированы на основе итогов переписи населения 2009 года; при расчете относительных показателей использована скорректированная численность населения. Статистический сборник содержит краткую характеристику источников данных и порядок их получения, а также правила расчета показателей. Относительные показатели рассчитаны исходя из абсолютных данных. В отдельных случаях незначительные расхождения между итогом и суммой слагаемых объясняются округлением данных. Условные обозначения: – явление отсутствует 0,0 небольшая величина ... данные отсутствуют PREFACE The Yearbook contains statistical information on key demographic indicators of the Republic of Belarus. Demographic development of Belarus is described by statistics on population, vital statistics and migration data. The statistical data at the national and regional levels are presented for the time period over 10 years; main demographic indicators at the district level are provided for a number of years. Population numbers for the intercensal period (2000 to 2009) have been adjusted for the 2009 population census results; these adjusted population values have been used for the computation of ratios. The data book provides a brief description of data sources, the way the data have been obtained, and the computation rules employed. Ratios are calculated on the basis of absolute values. In certain cases minor discrepancies between the total and the sum are due to data rounding. Explanation of symbols: – not applicable 0,0 negligible magnitude ... data not available СОДЕРЖАНИЕ CONTENTS С О Д Е Р Ж А Н И Е C O N T E N T S Стр./Pg. Методологические пояснения……………………………………………………………… 11 Methodological notes 1. Административно-территориальное деление, численность и состав населения Administrative and territorial division, population size and composition 1.1. Основные демографические показатели………………………………………………… 23 Main demographic indicators 1.2. Административно-территориальное деление на 1 января 2016 г...…………...……… 24 Administrative and territorial division as of 1st January, 2016 1.3. Численность населения …………………………….…..…………...……………………… 25 Population 1.4. Численность населения по областям и г.Минску…………………....………..………… 27 Population by regions and Minsk City 1.5. Группировка городов и поселков городского типа по численности населения на 1 января 2016 г...……………….……………………...……...…………………………… 34 Grouping of towns and urban-type settlements by population size as of 1st January, 2016 1.6. Города с численностью населения 50 000 человек и более…...……….……………… 35 Towns with population of 50 000 or more 1.7. Распределение населения по полу…………….…...…………..………………………… 36 Population by sex 1.8. Численность населения по полу по областям и г.Минску…………...……...………… 39 Population by sex, by regions and Minsk City 1.9. Население по основным возрастным группам…………….…..................................... 49 Population by main age groups 1.10. Численность населения по полу и возрасту по областям и г.Минску………………… 52 Population by sex and age, by regions and Minsk City 1.11. Число женщин на 1000 мужчин соответствующей возрастной группы……….......... 74 Number of female per 1000 male of corresponding age group 1.12. Коэффициенты демографической нагрузки………..…………………..……...………… 75 Age dependency ratios 1.13. Численность населения на 1 января 2016 г. по областям, г.Минску, городам областного подчинения и районам по основным возрастным группам……...…. 76 Population as of 1st January, 2016 by regions, Minsk City, towns of regional subordination, and districts, by main age groups 1.14. Население по полу на 1 января 2016 г. по областям, г.Минску, городам областного подчинения и районам …………………….………..………… 98 Population by sex as of 1st January, 2016 by regions, Minsk City, towns of regional subordination, and districts ДЕМОГРАФИЧЕСКИЙ ЕЖЕГОДНИК РЕСПУБЛИКИ БЕЛАРУСЬ 5 DEMOGRAPHIC YEARBOOK OF THE REPUBLIC OF BELARUS СОДЕРЖАНИЕ CONTENTS Стр./Pg. 1.15. Половозрастная пирамида населения (график)……….……………………………. 120 Population pyramid (chart) 1.16. Среднегодовая численность населения по полу по областям и г.Минску…….. 121 Average annual population by sex by regions and Minsk City 1.17. Численность населения на 1 января 2016 г. и среднегодовая численность населения за 2015 год по областям, г.Минску, городам областного подчинения и районам ………………........…...……………....……………………………………. 125 Population as of 1st January, 2016 and average annual population in 2015 by regions, Minsk City, towns of regional subordination, and districts. 2. Общие показатели воспроизводства населения General indicators of population reproduction 2.1. Родившиеся, умершие и естественный прирост населения…………….…………… 131 Births, deaths and natural increase 2.2. Родившиеся, умершие и естественный прирост населения по областям и г.Минску…………………………………………………….………………………………… 134 Births, deaths and natural increase by regions and Minsk City 2.3. Общие коэффициенты рождаемости, смертности и естественного прироста населения по областям и г.Минску…………………………...…………………………… 141 Crude rates of births, deaths and natural increase by regions and Minsk City 2.4. Родившиеся, умершие и естественный прирост населения по полу………………… 149 Births, deaths and natural increase by sex 2.5. Общие коэффициенты рождаемости, смертности и естественного прироста населения по полу………………………………………………….………………………… 152 Crude rates of births, deaths and natural increase by sex 2.6. Родившиеся, умершие и естественный прирост населения по областям, районам, городам и поселкам городского типа в 2015 году………………………….. 155 Births, deaths and natural increase by regions, districts, towns, and urban-type settlements in 2015 2.7. Ожидаемая продолжительность жизни при рождении………….…...………………… 175 Life expectancy at birth 2.8. Ожидаемая продолжительность жизни при рождении по областям и г.Минску…… 177 Life expectancy at birth by regions and Minsk City 2.9. Ожидаемая продолжительность жизни для лиц, достигших определенного возраста в 2015 году……………….…..……...……………………………………………… 181 Age-specific life expectancy in 2015 6 ДЕМОГРАФИЧЕСКИЙ ЕЖЕГОДНИК РЕСПУБЛИКИ БЕЛАРУСЬ DEMOGRAPHIC YEARBOOK OF THE REPUBLIC OF BELARUS СОДЕРЖАНИЕ CONTENTS Стр./Pg. 3. Браки и разводы Marriages and divorces 3.1. Браки, разводы и общие коэффициенты брачности и разводимости………………… 182 Marriages, divorces and crude marriage and divorce rates 3.2. Браки, разводы и общие коэффициенты брачности и разводимости по областям и г.Минску………………………………………………………………………
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    Belarusian Association of Journalists (BAJ) MASS MEDIA IN BELARUS 2016 ANNUAL REPORT Minsk 2017 CONTENTS SITUATION IN THE SPHERE OF MASS MEDIA IN 2016 (OVERVIEW) ……………….…………………………………………….....…. 3 CHANGES IN LEGISLATION …………………………………………… 5 VIOLATIONS OF RIGHTS OF MASS MEDIA AND JOURNALISTS, CONFLICTS IN THE SPHERE OF MASS MEDIA ……………………………….................……...……....………………….. 8 Criminal cases ………………..…………………………………………………... 8 Other court cases (except for administrative prosecution) …….. 9 Detention of journalists, judicial administrative prosecution ….. 11 Physical attacks against journalists ……………………........................ 17 Seizure of equipment, damages, confiscation ………….……………. 19 Warnings of the Ministry of Information ………..……………………… 19 Restrictions on the free use of the Web ……………………………….. 20 Violations related to access to information ………….………………. 21 Violations during the elections to the House of Representatives of the National Assembly of the Republic of Belarus …................... 24 Economic policy in mass media field ………….…………………………. 25 Other forms of pressure and violation of rights of journalists and mass media ……………………………………………… 27 Mass-media in Belarus: 2016 SITUATION IN THE SPHERE OF MASS MEDIA IN 2016 (OVERVIEW) The main factor that influenced the media situation in Belarus in 2016 was the elections to the House of Representatives of the National Assembly of the Republic of Belarus. They took place in September 2016 against the backdrop of a worsening economic situation and a complex foreign policy environment. The Belarusian authorities sought to receive a positive assessment of the elections by international bodies, and as the election campaign approached and during its course, direct repression of journalists decreased. However, at the system level, the situation has not changed for the better, and the legislation in the field of media regulation has only become tougher. This shows the situational nature and volatility of some positive changes in the media sector in 2016.
  • Preliminary Monitoring of Human Rights Center “Viasna” Concerning Tortures and Facts of Other Kinds of Inhumane Treatment Towards Citizens of Belarus

    Preliminary Monitoring of Human Rights Center “Viasna” Concerning Tortures and Facts of Other Kinds of Inhumane Treatment Towards Citizens of Belarus

    REVIEW-CHRONICLE OF THE HUMAN RIGHTS VIOLATIONS IN BELARUS IN 2004 2 REVIEW-CHRONICLE OF THE HUMAN RIGHTS VIOLATIONS IN BELARUS IN 2004 PREAMBLE: CONCLUSIONS AND GENERALIZATIONS In 2004 the political situation in Belarus was distinguished by further worsening of the situation of human rights and the relations between the state and individuals. Regular and deliberate human rights violations became a necessary condition for the strengthening of the unlimited dictatorial power – infringements of human rights served as the funda¬ment for authoritarianism and were a favorable environment for the development of totalitarianism. One of the main factors that influenced the public and political situation in Belarus in 2004 was the Parliamentary election and the nationwide referendum concerning the possibility to prolong Aliaksandr Luka¬shenka’s presidential powers. The need for the liquidation of the cons¬ti¬tutional restriction of the number of possible presidential terms defined the state policy and influenced it in all circles of public life. This factor ma¬nifested in the sphere of human rights with the aggravation of the rep¬ressions against political opponents and prosecution of opposition-mindedness, enforcement of new discriminative legal acts, further limitation of the freedom of the press, violation of the liberty of peaceful assemblies and associations and other obstacles for the enjoyment of personal liberties by citizens of Belarus. Citizens of Belarus were deprived of the right to take part in the state government with the assistance of elected representatives. The election to the Chamber of Representatives wasn’t free and democratic. It was conducted according to the scenario that was prepared by the authorities in complete conformity with the “wishes” A.
  • Physical Parameters of Insulation with a Structure-Forming Material from Flax Noils

    Physical Parameters of Insulation with a Structure-Forming Material from Flax Noils

    E3S Web of Conferences 212, 02014 (2020) https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202021202014 ICBTE 2020 Physical parameters of insulation with a structure-forming material from flax noils Sergey Romanovskiy1*, Aleksandr Bakatovich1 1Polotsk State University, 211440, Blokhina 29, Novopolotsk, Belarus Abstract. The results of studies to evaluate the effective operation of the obtained thermal insulation slabs made of flax fibers or noils were carried out. The sorption moisture content of insulants based on flax fibers or noils with modified liquid glass was determined at a relative humidity of 40– 97%. The influence of humidity on the thermal conductivity of the test materials was studied. The coefficient of vapor permeability of insulation made of flax fibers or noils was established. The results of field tests of experimental thermal insulation materials on the attic flooring of a residential building during the cold season were considered. The graphs of the temperature distribution over the structure of the attic flooring and heat flow indicators were obtained. The values of the heat transfer resistance of the attic flooring were calculated at an air temperature of -20 °C to -2 °C. The moisture content of insulation at the end of the cold period was determined and the dependence of the distribution of moisture over the thickness of the thermal insulation layer was plotted. The results of the tests carried out indicate the highest efficiency of thermal insulation slabs made of flax fiber noils in comparison with insulants based on flax fibers. Key words: flax fiber, flax noils, physical parameters. Introduction Plant waste is a continually renewable, large-tonnage product produced all over the world.