Project. Article V: 5.01

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Project. Article V: 5.01 FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY Report No: PAD3125 Public Disclosure Authorized INTERNATIONAL BANK FOR RECONSTRUCTION AND DEVELOPMENT PROJECT APPRAISAL DOCUMENT ON A PROPOSED LOAN IN THE AMOUNT OF EURO 90 MILLION (US$101 MILLION EQUIVALENT) Public Disclosure Authorized TO THE REPUBLIC OF BELARUS FOR A UTILITY EFFICIENCY AND QUALITY IMPROVEMENT PROJECT May 23, 2019 Public Disclosure Authorized Water Global Practice Europe and Central Asia Region This document has a restricted distribution and may be used by recipients only in the performance of their official duties. Its contents may not otherwise be disclosed without World Bank authorization. Public Disclosure Authorized CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS (Exchange Rate Effective April 30, 2019) Currency Unit = Belarusian Ruble (BYN) BYN 2.1089= US$1 BYN 2.3528= Euro 1 US$ 1.1212 = Euro 1 FISCAL YEAR January 1 - December 31 Regional Vice President: Cyril Muller Country Director: Satu Kähkönen Senior Global Practice Director: Jennifer Sara Practice Manager: David Michaud Task Team Leader(s): Stjepan Gabric, Sanyu Lutalo, Silpa Kaza ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS AF Additional Financing APA Alternate Procurement Arrangements BOD Biological Oxygen Demand CERC Contingent Emergency Response Component CIS Commonwealth of Independent States CO2 Carbon dioxide CPF Country Partnership Framework DLI Disbursement Linked Indicator EA Environmental Assessment ECA Europe and Central Asia EHS Environmental, Health, and Safety EIB European Investment Bank ESMF Environmental and Social Management Framework ESMP Environmental and Social Management Plan ESIA Environmental and Social Impact Assessment EU European Union FI Financial Intermediaries FM Financial Management FS Feasibility Study GDP Gross Domestic Product GHG Greenhouse Gas GRM Grievance Redress Mechanism GRS Grievance Redress Service IFI International Financial Institution IFR Interim Financial Report IPCC Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change IPF Investment Project Financing IPF Investment Prioritization Framework IRR Internal Rate of Return ISA International Standards on Auditing IT Information Technology LAP Land Acquisition Plan M&E Monitoring and Evaluation MCF Methane Correction Factor MFD Maximizing Finance for Development MHU Ministry of Housing and Utility MPA Multiphase Programmatic Approach MRF Materials Recovery Facility MSW Municipal Solid Waste NPV Net Present Value NRW Non-Revenue Water O&M Operation and Maintenance OCCR Operating Cost Coverage Ratio OP Operational Policy P/NP RLF Polotsk/Novopolotsk RLF PAD Project Appraisal Document PCT Project Coordinating Team PDO Project Development Objective POM Project Operational Manual POPs Persistent Organic Pollutants PPP Purchasing Power Parity PPSD Project Procurement Strategy for Development QCBS Quality- and Cost-Based Selection RAP Resettlement Action Plan RDF Refuse Derived Fuel RFB Request for Bids RFQ Request for Quotation RLF Regional Landfill RPF Resettlement Policy Framework SCD Systematic Country Diagnostic SOE State-Owned Enterprise SOP Series of Projects SORT Systematic Operations Risk-Rating Tool STEP Systematic Tracking of Exchanges in Procurement SWM Solid Waste Management TA Technical Assistance TTL Task Team Leader ToRs Terms of Reference UNDESA UN Department of Economic and Social Affairs UPIP Utility Efficiency Improvement Plan WB World Bank WSS Water Supply and Sanitation WTO World Trade Organization WUPI Water Utility Performance Indicators WWTP Wastewater Treatment Plant The World Bank Utility Efficiency and Quality Improvement Project (P164260) TABLE OF CONTENTS DATASHEET ............................................................................................................................ 1 I. STRATEGIC CONTEXT ...................................................................................................... 6 A. Country Context................................................................................................................................ 6 B. Sectoral and Institutional Context .................................................................................................... 7 C. Relevance to Higher Level Objectives ............................................................................................. 15 II. PROJECT DESCRIPTION .................................................................................................. 17 A. Project Development Objective ..................................................................................................... 17 B. Project Components ....................................................................................................................... 18 C. Project Beneficiaries ....................................................................................................................... 22 D. Results Chain .................................................................................................................................. 24 E. Rationale for Bank Involvement and Role of Partners ................................................................... 24 F. Lessons Learned and Reflected in the Project Design .................................................................... 25 III. IMPLEMENTATION ARRANGEMENTS ............................................................................ 27 A. Institutional and Implementation Arrangements .......................................................................... 27 B. Results Monitoring and Evaluation Arrangements......................................................................... 27 C. Sustainability ................................................................................................................................... 28 IV. PROJECT APPRAISAL SUMMARY ................................................................................... 29 A. Technical, Economic and Financial Analysis (if applicable) ............................................................ 29 B. Fiduciary .......................................................................................................................................... 35 C. Safeguards ...................................................................................................................................... 37 V. KEY RISKS ..................................................................................................................... 41 VI. RESULTS FRAMEWORK AND MONITORING ................................................................... 44 ANNEX 1: Implementation Arrangements and Support Plan ................................................. 57 ANNEX 2: Water Supply and Sanitation (WSS) Background................................................... 62 ANNEX 3: Detailed Description of Solid Waste Management (SWM) Investments ................ 68 ANNEX 4: Financial and Economic Assessment ..................................................................... 70 ANNEX 5: Greenhouse Gas Accounting Analysis ................................................................... 87 ANNEX 6: Map of project sites ............................................................................................. 95 The World Bank Utility Efficiency and Quality Improvement Project (P164260) . DATASHEET BASIC INFORMATION BASIC_INFO_TABLE Country(ies) Project Name Belarus Belarus Utility Efficiency and Quality Improvement Project Project ID Financing Instrument Environmental Assessment Category Investment Project P164260 A-Full Assessment Financing Financing & Implementation Modalities [ ] Multiphase Programmatic Approach (MPA) [ ] Contingent Emergency Response Component (CERC) [ ] Series of Projects (SOP) [ ] Fragile State(s) [ ] Disbursement-linked Indicators (DLIs) [ ] Small State(s) [ ] Financial Intermediaries (FI) [ ] Fragile within a non-fragile Country [ ] Project-Based Guarantee [ ] Conflict [ ] Deferred Drawdown [ ] Responding to Natural or Man-made Disaster [ ] Alternate Procurement Arrangements (APA) Expected Approval Date Expected Closing Date 14-Jun-2019 31-Mar-2025 Bank/IFC Collaboration No Proposed Development Objective(s) The Project Development Objective (PDO) is to improve the quality and efficiency of water and wastewater services, and support the introduction of regional solid waste management. Page 1 of 96 The World Bank Utility Efficiency and Quality Improvement Project (P164260) Components Component Name Cost (US$, millions) Component 1. Improving water and wastewater services at utility/service 73.00 provider level Component 2. Strengthening utility performance 2.00 Component 3. Enhancing the solid waste management process in the 25.00 country Component 4. Project Management 1.00 Organizations Borrower: Republic of Belarus Implementing Agency: Ministry of Housing and Utilities PROJECT FINANCING DATA (US$, Millions) SUMMARY -NewFin1 Total Project Cost 101.00 Total Financing 101.00 of which IBRD/IDA 101.00 Financing Gap 0.00 DETAILS-NewFinEnh1 World Bank Group Financing International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD) 101.00 Expected Disbursements (in US$, Millions) WB Fiscal 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 Year Annual 0.00 5.05 15.15 20.20 30.30 20.20 10.10 Page 2 of 96 The World Bank Utility Efficiency and Quality Improvement Project (P164260) Cumulative 0.00 5.05 101.0 20.20 40.40 70.70 90.90 0 INSTITUTIONAL DATA Practice Area (Lead) Contributing Practice Areas Water Social, Urban, Rural and Resilience Global Practice Climate Change and Disaster Screening This operation has been screened for short and long-term climate change
Recommended publications
  • PAP-10-GB.Pdf
    !"#$%&'()*')' +&&$*'* , ! ! "- ! . / ! , 0 1%- ! " " %12*3- , 4" 5 4 )*)* " - ! . / ! , 0 Boris Zalessky Growth points Features of development in the face of global challenges 1 2 Table of contents Sustainable development goals and media ................................................................................. 5 Global information security and regional press ........................................................................ 12 From strategy to attract foreign investment to international cooperation ................................ 20 Honorary Consuls Institute: project-specific orientation.......................................................... 28 Export culture and mass consciousness .................................................................................... 31 Exports to distant arc countries as an important factor for development ................................. 34 Food exports: growth trends ..................................................................................................... 37 Export of services: among priorities - tourism ......................................................................... 40 Import substitution: growth reserves - in modernization.......................................................... 43 From green economy to green cities........................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Ostropol – a Brief Jewish History
    1 Ostropol – a brief Jewish history Neville Lamdan © 1793 Map showing Ostropol and Stara Konstantinov The town of Ostropol, in the region of Volhynia, is said to have been founded in 1576 by a Ruthenian (Ukrainian) prince, Constantine Basil Ostrog (1526 1608).i However, the name of the place, sounding like “Austro-pol(is)” [Austro-city], may suggest that it was established earlier by “Austrians”, coming from nearby Galicia (“ear-marked” in green on the map) or further to the west. Be that as it may, Prince Constantine Ostrog was one of the most powerful men of his day in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. At the height of his career, he served as the (military) Marshal of Volhynia and Voivode (civil governor) of the important Kiev Voivodship. He owned vast lands throughout the area, allegedly comprising some 100 towns and 1,300 villages.2 In the 1560’s, he built an impressive castle, around which the town of Stara Konstantinov, bearing his name, grew. He certainly had it in his power to develop Ostropol, on the Sluch River, a decade later. Prince Constantine Basil Ostrog - putative founder of Ostropol In view of its strategic location, Ostropol was frequently the target of marauding Tatar and Cossak bands, requiring it to develop its own defensives. By 1619, the town was fortified and 23 villages lay in its domain. In 1648, it found itself in the midst of the upheavals instigated by Cossacks, ostensibly trying to wrest their independence from the Poles. In June 1849, a Polish general succeeded in driving sizeable Cossack bands out of the towns of Kryvonosenka, Krasilov and Stara Konstantinov and bottling them up in the castle at Ostropol, where they put up fierce resistance.
    [Show full text]
  • Strategy 2020 of Euroregion „Country of Lakes”
    THIRD STEP OF EUROREGION “COUNTRY OF LAKES” Strategy 2020 of Euroregion „Country of Lakes” Project „Third STEP for the strategy of Euroregion “Country of lakes” – planning future together for sustainable social and economic development of Latvian-Lithuanian- Belarussian border territories/3rd STEP” "3-rd step” 2014 Strategy 2020 of Euroregion „Country of Lakes” This action is funded by the European Union, by Latvia, Lithuania and Belarus Cross-border Cooperation Programme within the European Neighbourhood and Partnership Instrument. The Latvia, Lithuania and Belarus Cross-border Cooperation Programme within the European Neighbourhood and Partnership Instrument succeeds the Baltic Sea Region INTERREG IIIB Neighbourhood Programme Priority South IIIA Programme for the period of 2007-2013. The overall strategic goal of the programme is to enhance the cohesion of the Latvian, Lithuanian and Belarusian border region, to secure a high level of environmental protection and to provide for economic and social welfare as well as to promote intercultural dialogue and cultural diversity. Latgale region in Latvia, Panevėžys, Utena, Vilnius, Alytus and Kaunas counties in Lithuania, as well as Vitebsk, Mogilev, Minsk and Grodno oblasts take part in the Programme. The Joint Managing Authority of the programme is the Ministry of the Interior of the Republic of Lithuania. The web site of the programme is www.enpi-cbc.eu. The European Union is made up of 28 Member States who have decided to gradually link together their know-how, resources and destinies. Together, during a period of enlargement of 50 years, they have built a zone of stability, democracy and sustainable development whilst maintaining cultural diversity, tolerance and individual freedoms.
    [Show full text]
  • Physical Parameters of Insulation with a Structure-Forming Material from Flax Noils
    E3S Web of Conferences 212, 02014 (2020) https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202021202014 ICBTE 2020 Physical parameters of insulation with a structure-forming material from flax noils Sergey Romanovskiy1*, Aleksandr Bakatovich1 1Polotsk State University, 211440, Blokhina 29, Novopolotsk, Belarus Abstract. The results of studies to evaluate the effective operation of the obtained thermal insulation slabs made of flax fibers or noils were carried out. The sorption moisture content of insulants based on flax fibers or noils with modified liquid glass was determined at a relative humidity of 40– 97%. The influence of humidity on the thermal conductivity of the test materials was studied. The coefficient of vapor permeability of insulation made of flax fibers or noils was established. The results of field tests of experimental thermal insulation materials on the attic flooring of a residential building during the cold season were considered. The graphs of the temperature distribution over the structure of the attic flooring and heat flow indicators were obtained. The values of the heat transfer resistance of the attic flooring were calculated at an air temperature of -20 °C to -2 °C. The moisture content of insulation at the end of the cold period was determined and the dependence of the distribution of moisture over the thickness of the thermal insulation layer was plotted. The results of the tests carried out indicate the highest efficiency of thermal insulation slabs made of flax fiber noils in comparison with insulants based on flax fibers. Key words: flax fiber, flax noils, physical parameters. Introduction Plant waste is a continually renewable, large-tonnage product produced all over the world.
    [Show full text]
  • LATGALE-ENG-FINAL.Pdf
    Bella Dvina and Baltic Country of Lakes Estonia Russia Baltic See Viļaka municipality Balvi Rugāji municipality Byelorussia municipality Baltinava municipality Poland Kārsava district Viļāni Cibla municipality municipality Ukraine Ludza municipality Līvāni municipality Riebiņi municipality Rēzekne municipality Zilupe Vārkava municipality municipality Preiļi municipality Aglona Dagda municipality municipality Ilūkste municipality Krāslava municipality Daugavpils municipality Verkhnyadzvinsk District Rossony Rossony District Verkhnyadzvinsk Zarasai Braslaw Zarasai district Miory Anykščiai district Polotsk District Utena district Braslaw District Miory District Polotsk Anykščai Utena Vitebsk District Vitebsk Region Vitebsk The Baltic Country of Lakes is the richest with lakes in the Baltics – more than two thousand lakes are located here. The advantages of the region are its relief, nature, clean air and wonderful people. Next to the Baltic Country of Lakes lies a country with a poetic name “Bella Dvina”. This country is located in the area where the river Dvina – Daugava flows, which is well known since ancient times for the trade route “from Varangians to Greeks”. Looking at the map, one can conclude, that inhabitants of three countries – Russia, Belarus and Latvia – can consider the Western Dvina for their own. Its flow begins in Russia, and goes through Belarus. As it flows into Latvia, it is no longer Dvina, but rather Daugava, which then flows into the Baltic Sea. Active tourism throughout the year, fascinating cultural events, and picturesque sceneries – all of this comprises a unique mosaic, which provides true visual and aesthetical enjoyment. We offer you to get acquainted with the Baltic Country of Lakes – Latgale in Latvia, Aukštaitija in Lithuania, as well as the “Bella Dvina” region, which includes Latgale in Latvia and part of Vitebsk region in Belarus.
    [Show full text]
  • Assessment of the Tourist Potential of the Belarusian Polesie
    FRANKFURT ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY NON-GOVERNMENT ORGANIZATION “BAHNA” ASSESSMENT OF THE TOURIST POTENTIAL OF THE BELARUSIAN POLESIE Prepared in accordance with contract No. FZS-1 dated 01 July, 2020 Minsk, 2020 CONTENTS Introduction……………………………………………………………………………….. 3 Basic terms and definitions …………………………………………………………….. 4 I The state of agro- and ecotourism in Belarus and in the Polesie region…………. 5 1. Agro-ecotourism …………………………………………………………………. 5 2. Ecotourism ……………………………………………………………………….. 7 2.1. Ecotourism based on protected areas ……………………………….. 7 2.2. Ecotourism based on the forest fund …………………………………. 9 3. Water tourism ……………………………………………………………………. 13 II Conditions for tourism business …………………………………………………….. 14 1. General legal conditions …………………..................................................... 14 2. Conditions for issuing loans for agro-estates ………………………………… 14 3. Results of a survey of agro-ecotourism entities in Polesie …………………. 16 III Tourism Economics …………………………………………………………………. 18 IV Rural tourism and ecotourism in the EU ………………………………………….. 24 Conclusions ……………………………………………………………………………… 26 Recommendations ……………………………………………………………………… 29 2 INTRODUCTION Belarus is a country with significant and largely underestimated tourism potential, including for the development of ecotourism. Whereas Polesie is one of the regions with a rich natural and cultural heritage. It is undoubtedly important to preserve this heritage in the most natural state and at the same time use its potential for the purposes of sustainable development of the region, where about 2 million people live, as well as for the growth of the economy of the entire country. In this study, we focus on economic aspects in order to assess the current state of tourism in rural areas, as well as tourism based on the sustainable use of natural potential (ecotourism). Among our tasks is a primary assessment of the efficiency and prospects of investments in this sector, determination of its potential for achieving the goals of socio- economic development.
    [Show full text]
  • Risks Posed by Heracleum Sosnowskyi Manden in the Rivne Region
    Ecological Questions 29 (2018) 4: 35–42 http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/EQ.2018.032 Risks posed by Heracleum sosnowskyi Manden in the Rivne region Igor Grygus1*, Serhiy Lyko2, Maria Stasiuk2, Ivan Zubkovych2, Walery Zukow3 1Institute of Health Sciences, National University of Water and Environmental Engineering, Soborna 11 St, 33028, Rivne, Ukraine 2Rivne State Humanitarian University, 12, Stepana Bandery St, 33028, Rivne, Ukraine 3Department of Spatial Management and Tourism, Faculty of Earth Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University, /ZRZVND6W7RUXĔ3RODQG *e-mail: [email protected] Received: 29 June 2018 / Accepted: 17 November 2018 Abstract. Heracleum sosnowskyi Manden of Caucasian origin is the most dangerous plant for the environment, geosystems, farm- ing and public health. The sap of H. sosnowskyi, its pollen, scent and even dew are dangerous for human health and cause chemical burns, allergic reactions and even deaths. Works on the negative impact of the H. sosnowskyi spread have been published in Ukraine only recently. A more detailed study of H. sosnowskyi is possible only through inspections of each region in Ukraine, which would allow to predict the intensity, rate, frequency and area of phytocoenotic changes, as well as to provide data for cartograms. In the Rivne region, H. sosnowskyi overcomes geographical, ecological, reproductive and coenotic barriers, forms a large number of off- spring, massively and rapidly spreads over considerable distances of the studied territory, establishing in anthropogenic and natural coenoses. The dense river network, sufficient moisture, mild climate and the decline of agriculture have created favourable conditions for the spread of H. sosnowskyi. Populations of H. sosnowskyi in the Rivne region have an uneven distribution.
    [Show full text]
  • Belarus: Floods
    Emergency Plan of Action (EPoA) Belarus: Floods DREF Operation n° MDRBY008 Glide n° FL-2018-000034_BLR Expected timeframe: 4 months Date of issue: 29 March 2018 Expected end date: 28 July 2018 Category allocated to the of the disaster or crisis: orange DREF allocated: CHF 199,379 Total number of people affected: 50,000 Number of people to be assisted: 7,500 Host National Society presence: Belarus Red Cross (BRC) with 256 volunteers, 58 staff members, 6 regional branches A. Situation analysis Description of the disaster On 15 March 2018, a meeting of the Emergency Situations Commission of the Republic of Belarus was held to discuss the coming spring floods in Belarus. The meeting was facilitated by the Deputy Prime Minister of the Republic of Belarus. The Belarus Red Cross participated in the meeting, where the leaders of the country asked the BRC to mobilise staff, volunteers and funds to support the affected population. The Emergency Situations Commission stated that the analysis of the hydrometeorological conditions has shown that in 43 districts the territory of 140 villages and towns and 36 gardeners’ partnerships will suffer from flooding. Moreover, some elements of transport infrastructure (70 road segments and 15 bridges) and dwelling houses (including 6,608 garden cottages) can be affected. On 19 March, floods were reported by the Belarusian authorities, local media and Belarus Red Cross (BRC) branches, with 316 houses Hydrological regime of rivers in Belarus, as of 16 March 2018 reported to be flooded in three regions of the country. According to information provided by hydro-meteorological agencies, rapidly-increasing volumes of water are observed across the entire country.
    [Show full text]
  • Amateur Radio Award's Directory
    AAMMAATTEEUURR RRAADDIIOO AAWWAARRDD’’’SS DDIIRREECCTTOORRYY BELARUS COPYED BY : YB1PR – FAISAL Page 1 . BELARUS BELARUSSIAN FEDERATION OF RADIOAMATEURS SERIES General Requirements: GCR accepted. All bands and modes. Only EU/EW prefixes. SWL OK. GCR list. Fees are shown with each award. Contacts since 1-1-94 All bands and modes. Apply to: Mrs. Valentina A. Sidorova EU1AAA, PO Box 469, Minsk 220050, Republic of Belarus. Worked All Republic of Belarus Award Contact stations in Republic of Belarus since 1 Jan 1994. Belarus stations need 50, EU need 25 different, all others 15. These must include contacts from the following areas of Belarus: Region Prefix Belarus EU Needs DX Needs Minsk-city EU/EW1 10 4 2 Minsk region EU/EW2 3 2 1 Brest region EU/EW3 3 2 1 Grodno region EU/EW4 3 2 1 Vitebsk region EU/EW6 3 2 1 Mogilev region EU/EW7 3 2 1 Gomel region EU/EW8 3 2 1 Total QSOs needed: (minimum number of QSOs per 50 25 15 region are shown in the column) Cost of award in $US: $US1.50 $US2.00 $US5.00 Cost in IRC: 3 IRC 5 IRC 10 IRC Worked 28 Meridian Award (W-28-M) Contact stations located along the 28th meridian. SWL OK. Basic award granted for 15 countries confirmed. An Honor endorsement granted when all 20 countries are contacted. Valid countries are: LA OH ES UA1 YL EU UR ER YO LZ TA SV5-Rhodes SU ST 9Q 9J Z2 A2 7P ZS Contacts on or after 1-1-55. Cost of award for EU stations is $US1.50 or 3 IRCs, CIS countries $US2 or 5 IRCs and all others $US5 or 10 IRCs.
    [Show full text]
  • Dry Grasslands on Sandy Soils in the Forest and Forest-Steppe Zones of the Plains Region of Ukraine: Present State of Syntaxonomy - Anna Kuzemko
    ZOBODAT - www.zobodat.at Zoologisch-Botanische Datenbank/Zoological-Botanical Database Digitale Literatur/Digital Literature Zeitschrift/Journal: Tuexenia - Mitteilungen der Floristisch- soziologischen Arbeitsgemeinschaft Jahr/Year: 2009 Band/Volume: NS_29 Autor(en)/Author(s): Kuzemko Anna Artikel/Article: Dry grasslands on sandy soils in the forest and forest- steppe zones of the plains region of Ukraine: present state of syntaxonomy 369-390 ©Floristisch-soziologische Arbeitsgemeinschft; www.tuexenia.de; download unter www.zobodat.at Tuexenia 29: 369-390. Göttingen 2009. Dry grasslands on sandy soils in the forest and forest-steppe zones of the plains region of Ukraine: present state of syntaxonomy - Anna Kuzemko - Abstract This paper compiles and synthesizes the present knowledge of dry grassland vegetation on sandy soils in northern Ukraine, based on published and unpublished sources. In total, 391 relevés from 29 association-level syntaxa of the class Koelerio-Corynephoretea (inch Sedo-Scleranthetea and Festucetea vaginatae), as well as of the alliance Agrostion vinealis from the class Molinio-Arrhenatheretea were used for the analysis. Based on cluster analysis and comparison of synoptic tables, a compact classifica­ tion scheme of the sandy dry grassland vegetation in the forest and forest-steppe zones of the plains region of Ukraine has been developed. It comprises 10 associations from the Koelerio-Corynephoretea and one from the Agrostion vinealis (Molinio-Arrhenatheretea). The Koelerio-Corynephoretea include four orders in Ukraine: Alysso-Sedetalia, Trifolio arvensis- Festucetalia ovinae, Corynephoretalia canescentis, and Sedo acris-Festucetalia. The Alysso-Sedetalia are represented by two associations, the Aurinio saxatilis-Allietum podolici and the Minuartio auctae- Festucetum pallentis from West Podillya. The associations Stipetum pulcherrimae, Astragalo-Stipetum, and Poetum versicoloris, which also had been included in the Alysso-Sedetalia by some authors, are assigned to the class Festuco-Brometea based on their species composition.
    [Show full text]
  • Investment Potential of Vitebsk Region
    Investment potential of Vitebsk region Almost a quarter of the population of Vitebsk Region is active Out of the total workforce of Vitebsk Region, around 22% has in the industry, 13% in commerce and catering. higher education, 48% has either a vocational or specialised secondary education. Employment by sectors of economy, 2010 WORKFORCE QUALIFICATIONS, 2010 13% Workforce, total 499 062 24% 5% workforce with the following education: 7% higher 108 427 industry 8% 12% vocational 122 421 agriculture 8% specialised secondary 116 008 10% 13% commerce and catering general secondary 173 002 Source: National Statistics Committee education of the Republic of Belarus, 2012 1. Labour resources construction 2. Region’s economy Quantity of population active in sectors of economy, 2010 public health service, physical training, (thousand persons) and public welfare The key role in the economy development belongs to the industry. The region specialises in production of electricity, Total active 571,7 transportation oil-processing products, metal-cutting machine tools, including: public utilities polyethylene, limestone and dolomitic meal for chalking of Industry 136,8 acid soils, TV sets, linen fabric, footwear. The enterprises of Agriculture 68,2 The official unemployment level in the region is 0.8% of the the region manufacture around 17% of the national volume economically active population, which exceeds the national of industrial products. The principal industrial centres are Commerce and catering 71,8 index by 0.2%. The average monthly salary
    [Show full text]
  • Forced Labor and Pervasive Violations of Workers’ Rights in Belarus
    FORCED LABOR AND PERVASIVE VIOLATIONS OF WORKERS’ RIGHTS IN BELARUS Article 1: All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights. They are endowed with reason and conscience and should act towards one another in a spirit of brotherhood. Article 2: Everyone is entitled to all the rights and freedoms set forth in this Declaration, without distinction of any kind, such as race, colour, sex, language, religion, political or other opinion, national or social origin, property, birth or other status. Furthermore, no distinction shall be made on the basis of the political, jurisdictional or international status of the country or territory to which a person belongs, whether it be independent, trust, non-self-governing or under any other limitation of sovereignty. Article 3: Everyone has the right to life, liberty and security of person. Article 4: No one shall be held in slavery or servitude; slavery and the slave trade shall be prohibited in all their forms. Article 5: No one shall be subjected to torture or to cruel, December 2013 / N°623a The FIDH and Human Rights Center Viasna Mission The gross, systematic, and widespread violations of political and civil rights in Belarus have been the subject of numerous reports prepared by both international and Belarusian observers. I. INTRODUCTION ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 4 0HDQZKLOH3UHVLGHQW/XNDVKHQNRDQGJRYHUQPHQWRIÀFLDOVLQJHQHUDODUHXVLQJDQ\IRUXPWKH\FDQ to stress that Belarus is a model of social and economic rights by contrasting the robust guarantees its residents receive with the situation of residents in neighboring countries who suffered a number of II. LABOR AS A CORE VALUE… AND AN UNLIMITED OBLIGATION ------------- 11 economic upheavals folowing the fall of the Soviet Union.
    [Show full text]