DOCSLIB.ORG

The Energy Cost of Embryonic Development in Fishes And

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The Energy Cost of Embryonic Development in Fishes And J Comp Physiol B (2011) 181:43–52 DOI 10.1007/s00360-010-0501-y ORIGINAL PAPER The energy cost of embryonic development in fishes and amphibians, with emphasis on new data from the Australian lungfish, Neoceratodus forsteri Casey A. Mueller • Jean M. P. Joss • Roger S. Seymour Received: 10 March 2010 / Revised: 14 July 2010 / Accepted: 16 July 2010 / Published online: 30 July 2010 Ó Springer-Verlag 2010 Abstract The rate of oxygen consumption throughout genome size. The low cost of development may be asso- embryonic development is used to indirectly determine the ciated with construction of a rather sluggish fish with a low ‘cost’ of development, which includes both differentiation capacity for aerobic metabolism. The metabolic rate is and growth. This cost is affected by temperature and the lower in N. forsteri hatchlings than in any other fishes or duration of incubation in anamniote fish and amphibian amphibians at the same temperature, which matches the embryos. The influences of temperature on embryonic extremely low aerobic metabolic scope of the juveniles. development rate, respiration rate and energetics were investigated in the Australian lungfish, Neoceratodus Keywords Fishes Á Amphibians Á Neoceratodus forsteri Á forsteri, and compared with published data. Developmental Embryonic development Á Oxygen consumption stage and oxygen consumption rate were measured until hatching, upon which wet and dry gut-free masses were determined. A measure of the cost of development, the Introduction total oxygen required to produce 1 mg of embryonic dry tissue, increased as temperature decreased. The relation- Embryos are formed by differentiation (the specification of ship between the oxygen cost of development (C, cell types) and growth (the proliferation of cells). Together, ml mg-1) and dry hatchling mass (M, mg) in fishes and these two processes constitute development. During amphibians is described by C = 0.30 M0.22 ± 0.13 (95% CI), development in the anamniote eggs of fishes and amphib- r2 = 0.52. The scaling exponent indicates that the cost of ians, oxygen is consumed and used to convert yolk into embryonic development increases disproportionally with embryonic tissue. The embryonic respiration of fishes and increasing hatchling mass. At 15 and 20°C, N. forsteri cost amphibians can be measured throughout the incubation of development is significantly lower than the regression period to provide a means of estimating the energy ‘cost’ of mean for all species, and at 25°C is lower than the allo- development. The term ‘cost of development’ is used, metrically scaled data set. Unexpectedly, incubation of rather than the ‘cost of growth’ as stated in some studies N. forsteri is long, despite natural development under (Conceic¸a˜o et al. 1998; Wieser 1994; Wieser and Medgyesy relatively warm conditions, and may be related to a large 1990), as it encompasses all the energetic processes that occur during embryogenesis, including differentiation, growth and tissue maintenance. ‘Cost of development’ has Communicated by I. D. Hume. also been used in previous embryonic bird and reptile studies (Vleck and Hoyt 1991; Vleck and Vleck 1987), and C. A. Mueller (&) Á R. S. Seymour Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Adelaide, therefore the term is used for consistency across embryonic Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia literature. e-mail: [email protected] The total amount of oxygen consumed during develop- ment divided by the resulting gut-free hatchling mass J. M. P. Joss Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, determines the respiratory cost. This cost of development Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia (C,mlmg-1) can be altered by temperature. An increase in 123 44 J Comp Physiol B (2011) 181:43–52 temperature increases both development and respiration feeding embryos is an area of research that has been rates in fish and amphibian embryos (Bradford 1984; Das neglected until now. Developmental cost of numerous et al. 2006; Kuramoto 1975; Mitchell and Seymour 2000; species is assessed in terms of temperature and develop- Rombough 1994; Seymour et al. 1991). This can have a mental duration in an effort to understand the factors that significant impact on the energy used throughout incuba- influence the cost of development in fishes and amphibians. tion, which in turn can influence hatchling morphology, but The results for N. forsteri are placed in the context of these with inconsistent results: higher temperatures producing findings. smaller, larger or equal-sized hatchlings (see Table 10 in Kamler 2008 for examples). The Australian lungfish, Neoceratodus forsteri, provides Methods a unique opportunity to examine such embryonic physiol- ogy in a fish with very large, yolk-rich eggs. Neoceratodus Egg collection and incubation forsteri, a sarcopterygian dipnoan fish, is now almost uni- versally believed to be the closest living relative to the A hundred eggs of Neoceratodus forsteri were collected tetrapods (land vertebrates, including amphibians) (Brink- from breeding ponds at Macquarie University, Sydney in mann et al. 2004; Yokobori et al. 1994 and references November, 2008. The eggs were either laid the previous therein). At approximately 1 cm in diameter, including a evening or were no more than 2 days old, judged by their thick jelly capsule, N. forsteri eggs are closer in size to stage of development. Each egg was placed in its own ster- those of large-egged amphibians than other fish. The eggs ilised plastic container (33 mm diameter, with a perforated are laid from August to December (Kemp 1986) in tem- screw top lid) in 15 mm of autoclaved pond water and peratures ranging from 16 to 26°C (Kemp 1984) and are transported by air to the University of Adelaide. The eggs individually deposited, adhering to water plants by an were randomly assigned to one of three incubation temper- initially sticky outer jelly layer (Kemp 1994). Spawning atures: 15 (n = 34), 20 (n = 34) and 25°C(n = 32). These sites are usually characterised by a slow or moderate water temperatures were chosen as they represent the range of current to a depth of 1.5 m (Kemp 1984). midday temperatures recorded within water plant beds used The amphibian-like development of N. forsteri embryos for spawning during the breeding season (Kemp 1984). A is well documented morphologically (Kemp 1982), but constant temperature room was set to 15°C whilst two tem- there is a dearth of information about their physiology and perature control cabinets in the room were set at 20 and 25°C. environmental influences upon it. Only one study has Thermometers placed inside each cabinet verified that target examined the effect of temperature on N. forsteri embry- temperatures were maintained ±1°C. The water of each egg onic development (Kemp 1981). Development rates did not container was replaced with fresh autoclaved and filtered vary within the temperature range of 18–22°C, a 5°C range. rainwater at least once a week. Care was taken not to cross Embryos incubated at 10°C did not survive to gastrulation, contaminate the water in containers, as the embryos are whilst those above 30°C died within hours of being placed highly susceptible to bacterial infections (Kemp 1994). This at the high temperature (Kemp 1981). This indicates both technique of incubation was very successful, with approxi- 10 and 30°C are beyond the survival limits of the embryos. mately 90% of the eggs surviving to hatching. Such results are not unexpected, considering that 10 and To associate stage with age, some embryos had to be 30°C are outside the natural spawning temperatures visible. The jelly layers of four eggs from each temperature recorded. This study uses temperatures over a broader treatment were removed by placing the egg in a 0.05 M range, yet encompassing natural conditions, to examine the solution of sodium hypochlorite. The water was swirled effect of temperature on development rate of N. forsteri gently until the jelly dissolved down to the vitelline embryos. membrane. The eggs were then rinsed in water several This study also examines the effect of temperature on times until the smell of the bleach had disappeared. These N. forsteri respiration, yolk utilisation and the size of eggs were examined at the same time each day throughout hatchlings produced. From this, a measure of the cost of development and their stage of development was recorded. development, the amount of oxygen required to build a Staging was based on Kemp (1982) and photographs from hatchling, can be calculated. This study aims to use pre- the Macquarie University lungfish laboratory website (http:// vious literature on embryonic respiration in other fishes and mac-0170.bio.mq.edu.au/*gjoss/lungfish_development/ amphibians to calculate and examine the embryonic cost of lungfishSQL.php?g=1). Embryos and larvae were staged development in this group of animals. Respiratory costs according to this system whenever measurements were have been compared in larval fish species (Conceic¸a˜o et al. undertaken. 1998; Wieser and Medgyesy 1990), however, the com- A selection of fresh ova were randomly chosen, parison of the cost of development in endogenously removed from the egg capsule, killed by chilling, weighed 123 J Comp Physiol B (2011) 181:43–52 45 to 0.01 mg, dried over silica gel and reweighed on tared consumption of water-filled chambers was also measured foil to 0.01 mg with an electronic balance (Mettler AE183, to control for respiration of microorganisms in the water Greifensee, Switzerland). Hatchlings were randomly and oxygen uptake by the electrode, and the M_ O2 of cap- selected from each temperature, killed by chilling and sules removed from eggs was measured separately. placed in Tyler’s preservative (Tyler 1962) for 24 h. The Chamber and capsular M_ O2 values were subtracted from residual yolk, which pulled away from the body tissue M_ O2 measurements to calculate average embryonic M_ O2 cleanly due to the preservative, was dissected under a of relevant experiments.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Full Text in Pdf Format
    Vol. 1: 117–132, 2015 SEXUALITY AND EARLY DEVELOPMENT IN AQUATIC ORGANISMS Published online June 11 doi: 10.3354/sedao00012 Sex Early Dev Aquat Org OPENPEN ACCESSCCESS Sexual development and maturity scale for the angel shark Squatina squatina (Elasmobranchii: Squatinidae), with comments on the adequacy of general maturity scales Filip Osaer1,2,3,*, Krupskaya Narváez1,2,3, José G. Pajuelo2, José M. Lorenzo2 1ELASMOCAN, Asociación Canaria para la Investigación y Conservación de los Elasmobranquios, 35001 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain 2Departamento de Biología, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Edificio de Ciencias Básicas, Campus de Tafira, 35017 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain 3Fundación Colombiana para la Investigación y Conservación de Tiburones y Rayas, SQUALUS, Carrera 60A No 11−39, Cali, Colombia ABSTRACT: This paper contributes to the reproductive biology of the genus Squatina and aims to complement the criteria, uniformity and adaptable staging of sexual maturity scales for elasmo- branchs based on data from the angel shark S. squatina captured near the island of Gran Canaria (Canary Islands, Central-East Atlantic). Both sexes presented a paired reproductive tract with both sides active and asymmetric gonad development. Microscopic and macroscopic observations of the testes were consistent and indicated seasonality of spermatogenesis. The spermatocyst de - velopment pattern in mature individuals could not be assigned to any of the categories described in the literature. The ovaries−epigonal organ association was of the external type. Although all Squatinidae share a conservative morphology, they show differences across species in the func- tionality of the paired reproductive tract, seasonality of spermatogenesis, coiled spermatozoa and the presence of egg candles.
    [Show full text]
  • Zooplankton and Ichthyoplankton Distribution on the Southern Brazilian Shelf: an Overview
    sm70n2189-2006 25/5/06 15:15 Página 189 SCIENTIA MARINA 70 (2) June 2006, 189-202, Barcelona (Spain) ISSN: 0214-8358 Zooplankton and ichthyoplankton distribution on the southern Brazilian shelf: an overview RUBENS M. LOPES1, MARIO KATSURAGAWA1, JUNE F. DIAS1, MONICA A. MONTÚ2(†), JOSÉ H. MUELBERT2, CHARLES GORRI2 and FREDERICO P. BRANDINI3 1 Oceanographic Institute, Dept. of Biological Oceanography, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, 05508-900, Brazil. E-mail: [email protected] 2 Federal University of Rio Grande, Rio Grande, 96201-900, Brazil. 3 Center for Marine Studies, Federal University of Paraná, Pontal do Paraná, 83255-000, Brazil. (†) Deceased SUMMARY: The southern Brazilian coast is the major fishery ground for the Brazilian sardine (Sardinella brasiliensis), a species responsible for up to 40% of marine fish catches in the region. Fish spawning and recruitment are locally influenced by seasonal advection of nutrient-rich waters from both inshore and offshore sources. Plankton communities are otherwise controlled by regenerative processes related to the oligotrophic nature of the Tropical Water from the Brazil Current. As recorded in other continental margins, zooplankton species diversity increases towards outer shelf and open ocean waters. Peaks of zooplankton biomass and ichthyoplankton abundance are frequent on the inner shelf, either at upwelling sites or off large estuarine systems. However, meandering features of the Brazil Current provide an additional mechanism of upward motion of the cold and nutrient-rich South Atlantic Central Water, increasing phyto- and zooplankton biomass and produc- tion on mid- and outer shelves. Cold neritic waters originating off Argentina, and subtropical waters from the Subtropical Convergence exert a strong seasonal influence on zooplankton and ichthyoplankton distribution towards more southern areas.
    [Show full text]
  • Comparison of an Active and a Passive Age-0 Fish Sampling Gear in a Tropical Reservoir
    Comparison of an Active and a Passive Age-0 Fish Sampling Gear in a Tropical Reservoir M. Clint Lloyd, Department of Wildlife, Fisheries and Aquaculture, Mississippi State University, Box 9690 Mississippi State, MS 39762 J. Wesley Neal, Department of Wildlife, Fisheries and Aquaculture, Mississippi State University, Box 9690 Mississippi State, MS 39762 Abstract: Age-0 fish sampling is an important tool for predicting recruitment success and year-class strength of cohorts in fish populations. In Puerto Rico, limited research has been conducted on age-0 fish sampling with no studies addressing reservoir systems. In this study, we compared the efficacy of passively-fished light traps and actively-fished push nets for sampling the limnetic age-0 fish community in a tropical reservoir. Diversity of catch between push nets and light traps were similar, although species composition of catches differed between gears (pseudo-F = 32.21, df =1,23, P < 0.001) and among seasons (pseudo-F = 4.29, df = 3,23, P < 0.006). Push-net catches were dominated by threadfin shad (Dorosoma petenense), comprising 94.2% of total catch. Conversely, light traps collected primarily channel catfish Ictalurus( punctatus; 76.8%), with threadfin shad comprising only 13.8% of the sample. Light-trap catches had less species diversity and evenness compared to push nets, consequently their efficiency may be limited to presence/ absence of species. These two gears sampled different components of the age-0 fish community and therefore, gear selection should be based on- re search goals, with push nets an ideal gear for threadfin shad age-0 fish sampling, and light traps more appropriate for community sampling.
    [Show full text]
  • Fish Passage Engineering Design Criteria 2019
    FISH PASSAGE ENGINEERING DESIGN CRITERIA 2019 37.2’ U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Northeast Region June 2019 Fish and Aquatic Conservation, Fish Passage Engineering Ecological Services, Conservation Planning Assistance United States Fish and Wildlife Service Region 5 FISH PASSAGE ENGINEERING DESIGN CRITERIA June 2019 This manual replaces all previous editions of the Fish Passage Engineering Design Criteria issued by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Region 5 Suggested citation: USFWS (U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service). 2019. Fish Passage Engineering Design Criteria. USFWS, Northeast Region R5, Hadley, Massachusetts. USFWS R5 Fish Passage Engineering Design Criteria June 2019 USFWS R5 Fish Passage Engineering Design Criteria June 2019 Contents List of Figures ................................................................................................................................ ix List of Tables .................................................................................................................................. x List of Equations ............................................................................................................................ xi List of Appendices ........................................................................................................................ xii 1 Scope of this Document ....................................................................................................... 1-1 1.1 Role of the USFWS Region 5 Fish Passage Engineering ............................................
    [Show full text]
  • The Round Goby (Neogobius Melanostomus):A Review of European and North American Literature
    ILLINOI S UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT URBANA-CHAMPAIGN PRODUCTION NOTE University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Library Large-scale Digitization Project, 2007. CI u/l Natural History Survey cF Library (/4(I) ILLINOIS NATURAL HISTORY OT TSrX O IJX6V E• The Round Goby (Neogobius melanostomus):A Review of European and North American Literature with notes from the Round Goby Conference, Chicago, 1996 Center for Aquatic Ecology J. Ei!en Marsden, Patrice Charlebois', Kirby Wolfe Illinois Natural History Survey and 'Illinois-Indiana Sea Grant Lake Michigan Biological Station 400 17th St., Zion IL 60099 David Jude University of Michigan, Great Lakes Research Division 3107 Institute of Science & Technology Ann Arbor MI 48109 and Svetlana Rudnicka Institute of Fisheries Varna, Bulgaria Illinois Natural History Survey Lake Michigan Biological Station 400 17th Sti Zion, Illinois 6 Aquatic Ecology Technical Report 96/10 The Round Goby (Neogobius melanostomus): A Review of European and North American Literature with Notes from the Round Goby Conference, Chicago, 1996 J. Ellen Marsden, Patrice Charlebois1, Kirby Wolfe Illinois Natural History Survey and 'Illinois-Indiana Sea Grant Lake Michigan Biological Station 400 17th St., Zion IL 60099 David Jude University of Michigan, Great Lakes Research Division 3107 Institute of Science & Technology Ann Arbor MI 48109 and Svetlana Rudnicka Institute of Fisheries Varna, Bulgaria The Round Goby Conference, held on Feb. 21-22, 1996, was sponsored by the Illinois-Indiana Sea Grant Program, and organized by the
    [Show full text]
  • The Zebrafish Anatomy and Stage Ontologies: Representing the Anatomy and Development of Danio Rerio
    Van Slyke et al. Journal of Biomedical Semantics 2014, 5:12 http://www.jbiomedsem.com/content/5/1/12 JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL SEMANTICS RESEARCH Open Access The zebrafish anatomy and stage ontologies: representing the anatomy and development of Danio rerio Ceri E Van Slyke1*†, Yvonne M Bradford1*†, Monte Westerfield1,2 and Melissa A Haendel3 Abstract Background: The Zebrafish Anatomy Ontology (ZFA) is an OBO Foundry ontology that is used in conjunction with the Zebrafish Stage Ontology (ZFS) to describe the gross and cellular anatomy and development of the zebrafish, Danio rerio, from single cell zygote to adult. The zebrafish model organism database (ZFIN) uses the ZFA and ZFS to annotate phenotype and gene expression data from the primary literature and from contributed data sets. Results: The ZFA models anatomy and development with a subclass hierarchy, a partonomy, and a developmental hierarchy and with relationships to the ZFS that define the stages during which each anatomical entity exists. The ZFA and ZFS are developed utilizing OBO Foundry principles to ensure orthogonality, accessibility, and interoperability. The ZFA has 2860 classes representing a diversity of anatomical structures from different anatomical systems and from different stages of development. Conclusions: The ZFA describes zebrafish anatomy and development semantically for the purposes of annotating gene expression and anatomical phenotypes. The ontology and the data have been used by other resources to perform cross-species queries of gene expression and phenotype data, providing insights into genetic relationships, morphological evolution, and models of human disease. Background function, development, and evolution. ZFIN, the zebrafish Zebrafish (Danio rerio) share many anatomical and physio- model organism database [10] manually curates these dis- logical characteristics with other vertebrates, including parate data obtained from the literature or by direct data humans, and have emerged as a premiere organism to submission.
    [Show full text]
  • Proliferation of Superficial Neuromasts During Lateral Line Development in the Round 2 Goby, Neogobius Melanostomus
    bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/386169; this version posted August 7, 2018. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder. All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission. 1 Title: Proliferation of Superficial Neuromasts During Lateral Line Development in the Round 2 Goby, Neogobius melanostomus 3 4 Authors: J. M. Dickson1, J. A. Janssen2 5 6 Author addresses: 7 1 Department of Biological Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, 3209 N. Maryland 8 Ave, Milwaukee, WI, 53201; E-mail: [email protected] 9 2 School of Freshwater Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, 600 East Greenfield Ave, 10 Milwaukee, WI, 53204; E-mail: [email protected]. Send reprint requests to this address. 11 12 1 bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/386169; this version posted August 7, 2018. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder. All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission. 13 ABSTRACT: 14 Members of the family Gobiidae have an unusual lateral line morphology in which some 15 of the lateral line canal segments do not develop or enclose. This loss of lateral line canal segments 16 is frequently accompanied by proliferation of superficial neuromasts. Although the proliferation 17 of superficial neuromasts forms intricate patterns that have been used as a taxonomic tool to 18 identify individual gobiid species, there has never been a detailed study that has documented the 19 development of the lateral line system in gobies. The Round Goby, Neogobius melanostomus, is 20 the focus of this study because the absence of the lateral line canal segments below the eye are 21 accompanied by numerous transverse rows of superficial neuromasts.
    [Show full text]
  • Description of Age-0 Round Goby, Neogobius Melanostomus Pallas (Gobiidae), and Ecotone Utilisation in St
    Description of Age-0 Round Goby, Neogobius melanostomus Pallas (Gobiidae), and Ecotone Utilisation in St. Clair Lowland Waters, Ontario JOHN K. LESLIE and CHARLES A. TIMMINS Great Lakes Laboratory for Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, Department of Fisheries and Oceans, 867 Lakeshore Road, Burling- ton, Ontario L7R 4A6 Canada Leslie, John K., and Charles A. Timmins. 2004. Description of age-0 Round Goby, Neogobius melanostomus Pallas (Gobiidae), and ecotone utilisation in St. Clair lowland waters, Ontario. Canadian Field-Naturalist 118(3): 318-325. Early developmental stages and ecotone utilisation of the non-indigenous Round Goby, Neogobius melanostomus (Pallas, 1811), are described and illustrated. Fish (5-40 mm) were collected in coarse gravel, rocks and debris in the St. Clair River/Lake system, Ontario, in 1994-2000. The Round Goby hatches at about 5 mm with black eyes, flexed urostyle, and developed fins and digestive system. Distinguishing characters include large head, dorsolateral eyes, large fan-shaped pectoral fins, two dorsal fins, fused thoracic pelvic fins and a distinct black spot on the posterior of the spinous dorsal fin. Modal counts for preanal, postanal, and total myomeres were 12, 19, and 31, respectively. Key Words: Round Goby, Neogobius melanostomus, St. Clair aquatic ecosystem, age-0, morphometry, habitat, Ontario. Gobiidae, the largest family of marine fishes, has Lakes and considers possible effects the species may been found in fresh waters of all continents (Nelson have on the aquatic community in general and native 1984) except Antarctica. None of 68 species endemic fishes in particular. to North America is native to the Great Lakes, where two introduced species, the Round Goby, Neogobius Study Area melanostomus (Pallas, 1811) and the Tubenose Goby, Eggs and age-0 fish were collected at numerous Proterorhinus marmoratus (Pallas, 1811), recently be- locations at the shore of the St.
    [Show full text]
  • Effects of Sound from Seismic Surveys on Fish Reproduction, the Management Case from Norway
    Journal of Marine Science and Engineering Article Effects of Sound from Seismic Surveys on Fish Reproduction, the Management Case from Norway Lise Doksæter Sivle 1,*, Emilie Hernes Vereide 1, Karen de Jong 1 , Tonje Nesse Forland 1, John Dalen 2 and Henning Wehde 1 1 Ecosystem Acoustics Department, Institute of Marine Research, Postboks 1870 Nordnes, NO-5817 Bergen, Norway; [email protected] (E.H.V.); [email protected] (K.d.J.); [email protected] (T.N.F.); [email protected] (H.W.) 2 SoundMare, Helleveien 243, NO-5039 Bergen, Norway; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] Abstract: Anthropogenic noise has been recognized as a source of concern since the beginning of the 1940s and is receiving increasingly more attention. While international focus has been on the effects of noise on marine mammals, Norway has managed seismic surveys based on the potential impact on fish stocks and fisheries since the late 1980s. Norway is, therefore, one of very few countries that took fish into account at this early stage. Until 1996, spawning grounds and spawning migration, as well as areas with drifting eggs and larvae were recommended as closed for seismic surveys. Later results showed that the effects of seismic surveys on early fish development stages were negligible at the population level, resulting in the opening of areas with drifting eggs and larvae for seismic surveys. Spawning grounds, as well as concentrated migration towards these, are still closed to seismic surveys, but the refinement of areas and periods have improved over the years. Since 2018, marine Citation: Sivle, L.D.; Vereide, E.H.; mammals have been included in the advice to management.
    [Show full text]
  • Ichthyoplankton Distribution and Assemblage Within and Around the As Co River Plume Tracey Bauer University of New England
    University of New England DUNE: DigitalUNE All Theses And Dissertations Theses and Dissertations 8-1-2015 Ichthyoplankton Distribution And Assemblage Within And Around The aS co River Plume Tracey Bauer University of New England Follow this and additional works at: http://dune.une.edu/theses Part of the Biodiversity Commons, Marine Biology Commons, and the Systems Biology Commons © 2015 Tracey Bauer Preferred Citation Bauer, Tracey, "Ichthyoplankton Distribution And Assemblage Within And Around The aS co River Plume" (2015). All Theses And Dissertations. 34. http://dune.une.edu/theses/34 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Theses and Dissertations at DUNE: DigitalUNE. It has been accepted for inclusion in All Theses And Dissertations by an authorized administrator of DUNE: DigitalUNE. For more information, please contact [email protected]. ICHTHYOPLANKTON DISTRIBUTION AND ASSEMBLAGE WITHIN AND AROUND THE SACO RIVER PLUME BY Tracey Calleen Bauer B.S. University of North Carolina Wilmington, 2013 THESIS Submitted to the University of New England in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Science In Marine Sciences August, 2015 i © 2015 Tracey Bauer All Rights Reserved ii iii Acknowledgements This Master’s thesis would not have been possible without the help and support from many different people here at University of New England. I want to thank the Marine Science Center Staff, especially Marian Reagan, Tim Arienti and Shaun Gill. In addition, I want to thank my advisor, Dr. James Sulikowski, for providing direction and support throughout the course of this study, and helping me improve my skills as scientist and researcher.
    [Show full text]
  • Microfloral Diversity in Fish
    quac d A ul n tu a r e s e J i o r Ganguly, Fish Aquac J 2013, 4:1 u e r h n s i a F l Fisheries and Aquaculture Journal DOI: 10.4172/2150-3508.1000e101 ISSN: 2150-3508 ResearchEditorial Article OpenOpen Access Access Microfloral Diversity in Fish: An Editorial Subha Ganguly* AICRP On Post Harvest Technology (ICAR), Department of Fish Processing Technology, Faculty of Fishery Sciences, West Bengal University of Animal and Fishery Sciences, 5, Budherhat Road, P.O. Panchasayar, Kolkata - 700 094, WB, India Abstract It is well-known that the digestive tract structure in different fish species is distinct. The differences are highly prominent in the various stages of fish development. Hence the digestive tract structure is the first factor that affects and influences the formation of gastrointestinal bacteria communities. The formation of the regular microflora is indeed a complex process that takes place in the digestive tract of fish larvae and fry and it depends on fish spawn (lay and deposit large quantities of eggs in water) food and the microflora of the surrounding water. Lot of investigation has been carried on in order to study the formation of the microflora in the digestive tract of carp from the larval stage to adult fish and it has been ascertained that the formation of bacterioflora in the digestive tract of fish is a gradual process. The most dominant genera residing in the digestive tract of fish areAeromonas, Pseudomonas, Clostridium and Bacteroides. Keywords: Fish; Microflora; Digestive tract Microflora residing on skin has no role to play in nutrient digestion and metabolism in fish [1].
    [Show full text]
  • Deep-Sea Life Issue 16, January 2021 Cruise News Sedimentation Effects Survey Series (ROBES III) Completed
    Deep-Sea Life Issue 16, January 2021 Despite the calamity caused by the global pandemic, we are pleased to report that our deep ocean continues to be investigated at an impressive rate. Deep-Sea Life 16 is another bumper issue, brimming with newly published research, project news, cruise news, scientist profiles and so on. Even though DOSI produce a weekly Deep-Sea Round Up newsletter and DOSI and DSBS are active on social media, there’s still plenty of breaking news for Deep- Sea Life! Firstly a quick update on the status of INDEEP. As most of you are aware, INDEEP was a legacy programme of the Census of Marine Life (2000-2010) and was established to address knowledge gaps in deep-sea ecology. Among other things, the INDEEP project played central role in the creation of the Deep-Ocean Stewardship Initiative and funded initial DOSI activities. In 2018, the DOSI Decade of Ocean Science working group was established with a view to identifying key priorities for deep-ocean science to support sustainable development and to ensure deep- ocean ecological studies were included in the UN Decade plans via truly global collaborative science. This has resulted in an exciting new initiative called “Challenger 150”. You are all invited to learn more about this during a webinar on 9th Feb (see p. 22 ). INDEEP has passed on the baton and has now officially closed its doors.Eva and I want to sincerely thank all those that led INDEEP with us and engaged in any of the many INDEEP actions. It was a productive programme that has left a strong legacy.
    [Show full text]