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New Records of Predatory Coccinellids Beetles (Coccinellidae: Coleoptera

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New Records of Predatory Coccinellids Beetles (Coccinellidae: Coleoptera Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies 2017; 5(3): 1140-1147 E-ISSN: 2320-7078 P-ISSN: 2349-6800 New records of predatory coccinellids beetles JEZS 2017; 5(3): 1140-1147 © 2017 JEZS (Coccinellidae: Coleoptera) in Western plain zone Received: 09-03-2017 Accepted: 10-04-2017 of Uttar Pradesh Akshay Kumar Department of Entomology, Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel Uni. of Akshay Kumar, Rajendra Singh, CS Prasad, GN Tiwari and Sudhir Agric. and Tech., Meerut, Kumar Uttar Pradesh India Rajendra Singh Abstract Department of Entomology, Twenty one species of predatory coccinellid beetles were recorded during survey period Jun, 2010 to Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel Uni. of May, 2011. Out of them 17 species were identified i.e. Cheilomenes sexmaculata (Fab.), Cheilomenes Agric. and Tech., Meerut, sexmaculata ab rufafasciata (Fab.), Coccinella septempunctata; Propylea dissecta (Muls.), Coccinella Uttar Pradesh India transversallis (Fab.); Chilocoris nigrita (Fab.); Anegleis cardoni (Weise); Micraspis discolour (Mulsant); Brumoides suturalis (Fab.) Illeis cincta (Fab.); Pharoscymnus horni (Weise); Rodolia breviuscula CS Prasad (Weise); Psyllobora bisoctonotata (Muls.); Hippodamia variegata (Goeze); Harmonia axyridis (Pallas), Department of Entomology, Hydrapsis maindroni (Sicard); Scymnus nubilus (Mulsant), on the other hand four species were Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel Uni. of unidentified. The C. sexmaculata ranked first (46%) in position and it was recorded as dominant species Agric. and Tech., Meerut, followed by C. septempunctata (30.58%) and C. transversalis (8.83%). While, least population Uttar Pradesh India Harmonia axyridis (1.56%), followed by of M. allardi (1.99%) and (2.37%) Pharoscymnus horni GN Tiwari (2.61%) were noticed in Meerut region. Department of Entomology, Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel Uni. of Keywords: New records, predatory, coccinellids beetles Agric. and Tech., Meerut, Uttar Pradesh India 1. Introduction The coccinellid predator is native of Australia. In 1892, it was introduced into California by Sudhir Kumar Albert Koebele for the control of citrus mealy bugs. Following the success, the beetle was Department of Entomology, Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel Uni. of introduced into India in 1898 by New Port. It has given effective control of mealy bugs in fruit Agric. and Tech., Meerut, crops like citrus, grapes, guava, etc. C. montrouzieri is one of the outstanding examples in the Uttar Pradesh India biological control history. Its importance is also evident by its growing commercialization in India. The family coccinellidae comprises of about 5,200 described species worldwide (Hawkeswood, 1987) [4]. However, Poorani (2002) [17] has listed 400 species of coccinellids from Indian sub-region, which include the erstwhile state of Uttar Pradesh and Uttarakhand. [9] Omkar and Bind (1993) have reported 6 species of coccinellids from Lucknow region of central U.P. Further work of Omkar and Pervez (1999, 2000, and 2002) [12, 13, 14] on coccinellids added 17 more species from the same region. Although, the coccinellid fauna of the Indian subcontinent is rich and diverse but remains very poorly studied as compared to those from other zoogeographical regions of the world. Joshi and Sharma (2008) [5] have reported 31 species of Ladybeetles with 19 new records from district Haridwar, India. Recently, Sharma and Joshi (2010) [22] have also reported 25 species of ladybeetles with 14 new records from district Dehradun, India. The agro-climatic zone of Meerut is different from the other areas of the country and there is no report on such study in this area. Thus, the proposed work to identify local species can prove an efficient tool for the biological control against aphid and mealy bugs. 2. Materials and Methods 2.1. Experimental site The present investigation were undertaken with object of new records of predatory coccinellids Correspondence beetles (coccinellidae: coleoptera) in western plain zone of Uttar Pradesh was carried out Sudhir Kumar during Jun, 2010 to May, 2011 at CRC and Bio-control laboratory, S.V.P. University of Department of Entomology, Agriculture and Technology, Meerut, on the right side of the Dehradun–Delhi Road at a Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel Uni. of distance of 10.0 km away in the north of Meerut city between 73 & 74 km on National Agric. and Tech., Meerut, Highway No. 58. Uttar Pradesh India ~ 1140 ~ Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies 2.2. Geographical situation 3.3. Seven spotted Lady Beetle, Coccinella septempunctata District Meerut is situated between 29º 01N latitude and 77º The observed data (Table: 1) shows that this coccinellid 45E longitude at an altitude of 237 meters above the mean sea beetle species was the next dominant species (3395 level. This district falls under north western plains sub- region beetles/year) to C. sexmaculata in Meerut region throughout of Upper Gangatic plains and is spread over a geographical the year. The maximum population of this species was found area of 2564 km2. The general climate of this district is semi- in February (612 beetles) followed by March (600 beetles) arid and sub-tropical characterized by very hot summer and and in January (503 beetles). This predatory beetle was found cold winters. The maximum temperature ranged up to 42 ºC predating voraciously on aphids of different host plant i.e. during summer season whereas, minimum temperature bean, mustard and Hibiscus. Comparatively large sized (7-8 remaining 7-8 ºC and below during winter season. The mm) with a white or pale spot on either side of the head (Fig. average annual rainfall is 863 mm, 75-80 per cent of which is 3 and 7). The body was oval, and has a domed shape. There received through south west monsoon during the month of are seven black spots on the orange or red elytra, the spot July to September. But few of rain shower occasionally occur pattern was usually 1:4:2. in the winter and summer season, respectively. 3.4. Propylea dissecta (Mulsant) 2.3. Sampling Method This predatory beetle was noticed predating on aphids of Sampling of adult coccinellid beetles were carried out different host plants. A total number of 171 beetles were continuously during the study period. The insects were recorded from different host plant during the study period collected by a “Sweep net sampling Method”, as per Gadakar (Table: 1). Maximum population of this species was found in et al., (1990) [3]. Other methods, based upon visual encounters, December (40 beetles), followed by November (24 beetles) like aspirator and hand picking were also used, depending on and in January (21 beetles). Adults measure 4.5 to 4.8 mm in the type of habitat sampled. length and 5.0 mm in width and was attractive bright red colourhaving a pair of prominent black spots on the posterior 2.4. Preservation and identification of specimens side of the elytra (Fig. 4). The collected insects were brought to the laboratory and transferred into killing bottles containing ethyl acetate soaked 3.5. Cheilomenes (=Menochilus) sexmaculata ab cotton. The dead insects were tagged and pinned promptly rufafasciata (Fabricius) and oven dried at 60 0C for 72 hours in order to preserve The adults were found feeding on cotton aphid, Aphis gossypii them. These dried samples were set into wooden boxes and and mustard aphid, L. erysimis and also some other aphid labeled according to their systematic position. Each specimen species found on herbal plant in the garden ecosystem. This was tagged with the information like host plant, locality and predatory beetle was noticed feeding on aphids of different date of collection. To protect the specimens from the insect host plants (Table: 1). Only 31 beetles were recorded during pests, naphthalene balls were kept in the collection boxes. The the study period (i.e., June 2010 to May 2010). The adult adult specimens of each species were carefully studied for all beetle was brown in colour measuring about 5.0–5.2 mm in details under binocular microscope. The sampled specimens length and 3.7–4.0 mm in width (Fig. 5, 12, 13 and 15). Head were identified to the Division of Entomology, IARI, New was dark brown, eyes are black and antennae are brown in Delhi. colour. There are two black spots on the distal end of each elytra. There was a triangular black patch on the middle part 3. Results and Discussion of the elytra. 3.1. Identification of different predatory coccinellid beetles Seventeen species i.e. Cheilomenes sexmaculata (Fab.); 3.6. Coccinella transversalis Cheilomenes sexmaculata ab rufafasciata (Fab.); Coccinella This predatory beetle was noticed predating voraciously on septempunctata; Propylea dissecta (Muls.); Coccinella aphids of different host plants (Table: 1) and recorded 972 transversallis (Fab.); Chilocoris nigrita (Fab.); Anegleis beetles during the study period. The maximum population of cardoni (Weise); Micraspis discolour (Mulsant); Brumoides this species was found in March (196 beetles) followed by suturalis (Fab.); Illeis cincta (Fab.); Pharoscymnus horni April (191 beetles), and in February (171 beetles). The (Weise); Rodolia breviuscula (Weise); Psyllobora observed data shows that this species was next dominant bisoctonotata (Muls.); Hippodamia variegata (Goeze); species after C. sexmaculata and C. septempunctata in Meerut Harmonia axyridis (Pallas), Hydrapsis maindroni (Sicard); region (Table: 1). Adult beetle was elongate and oval in shape Scymnus nubilus (Mulsant); and four unidentified species of measuring 3.8-6.7 mm in length and 3.3-5.5 mm in width with coccinellid beetles were recorded from agriculture, orchard convex (Fig. 6). The head was black with a pair of creamy and garden ecosystem during the study period. yellow, sub-triangular frontal spots, one on either side of inner margins of eyes. Elytra are bright carmine red or orange 3.2. Cheilomenes (=Menochilus) sexmaculata or yellow, with an oval sub-scutellar spot, a large tri-lobed The Cheilomenes sexmaculata was noticed feeding spot on humeral callus, a transverse band at apical third not voraciously on aphid of different host plant i.e.
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