Biographical References for Nobel Laureates

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BIOGRAPHICAL AND OBITUARY REFERENCES FOR NOBEL LAUREATES IN SCIENCE © Dr. John Andraos, 2004 - 2021 Department of Chemistry, York University 4700 Keele Street, Toronto, ONTARIO M3J 1P3, CANADA For suggestions, corrections, additional information, and comments please send e-mails to [email protected] http://www.chem.yorku.ca/NAMED/

CHEMISTRY

NOBEL CHEMISTS Agre, Peter C. Alder, Kurt Günzl, M.; Günzl, W. Angew. Chem. 1960, 72, 219 Ihde, A.J. in Gillispie, Charles Coulston (ed.) Dictionary of Scientific Biography, Charles Scribner & Sons: New York 1981, Vol. 1, p. 105 Walters, L.R. in James, Laylin K. (ed.), Nobel Laureates in Chemistry 1901 - 1992, American Chemical Society: Washington, DC, 1993, p. 328 Sauer, J. Chem. Ber. 1970, 103, XI Altman, Sidney Lerman, L.S. in James, Laylin K. (ed.), Nobel Laureates in Chemistry 1901 - 1992, American Chemical Society: Washington, DC, 1993, p. 737 Anfinsen, Christian B. Husic, H.D. in James, Laylin K. (ed.), Nobel Laureates in Chemistry 1901 - 1992, American Chemical Society: Washington, DC, 1993, p. 532 Anfinsen, C.B. The Molecular Basis of Evolution, Wiley: New York, 1959 Arrhenius, Svante J.W. Proc. Roy. Soc. London 1928, 119A, ix-xix Farber, Eduard (ed.), Great Chemists, Interscience Publishers: New York, 1961 Riesenfeld, E.H., Chem. Ber. 1930, 63A, 1 Daintith, J.; Mitchell, S.; Tootill, E.; Gjersten, D., Biographical Encyclopedia of Scientists, Institute of Physics Publishing: Bristol, UK, 1994 Fleck, G. in James, Laylin K. (ed.), Nobel Laureates in Chemistry 1901 - 1992, American Chemical Society: Washington, DC, 1993, p. 15 Lorenz, R., Angew. Chem. 1927, 40, 1461 Abbott, David (ed.), The Biographical Dictionary of Scientists: Dr. John Andraos, http://www.careerchem.com/NAMED/Nobel-Biographies.pdf 2

Chemists, Peter Bedrick Books: New York, 1983 Partington, J.R., A History of Chemistry, Vol. IV, Macmillan and Co., Ltd.: London, 1964, p. 672 Kauffman, G.B. J. Chem. Educ. 1988, 65, 437 Editorial Endeavour 1959, 18, 59 Crawford, E. Isis 1984, 75, 503 Jaffe, B. in Crucibles: the great chemists, their lives and achievements, Tudor: New York, 1930, p. 219 Ostwald, W. Z. Phys. Chem. Stoechiom. Verwandtschaftsl. 1909, 69, 4 Aston, Francis William Hunter, N.W. in James, Laylin K. (ed.), Nobel Laureates in Chemistry 1901 - 1992, American Chemical Society: Washington, DC, 1993, p. 140 Brock, W.H. in Dictionary of Scientific Biography, Gillispie, C.C. ed.; Charles Scribner's Sons: New York, 1970, Vol. 1, p. 320 Hevesy, G.C.D. Obit. Notices Fellows Roy. Soc. 1945 - 1948, 5, 635 Farber, Eduard (ed.), Great Chemists, Interscience Publishers: New York, 1961 Thomson, G.P. Nature 1946, 157, 290 Baeyer, Adolf von Steinmüller, F. in James, Laylin K. (ed.), Nobel Laureates in Chemistry 1901 - 1992, American Chemical Society: Washington, DC, 1993, p. 30 Anon. Angew. Chem. 1905, 18, 1729 Anon. Angew. Chem. 1908, 21, 817 Graebe, C. Angew. Chem. 1915, 28, 433 Willstätter, R. Angew. Chem. 1917, 30(I), 229 Meyer, R.M. Angew. Chem. 1917, 30(I), 231 Huisgen, R. Angew. Chem. Int. Eng. Ed. 1986, 25, 297 Richter, F. Chem. Ber. 1935, 68IA, 175 Schmorl, K. Adolf v. Baeyer, Stuttgart, 1952 Gienapp, R.A. in Dictionary of Scientific Biography, Gillispie, C.C. ed.; Charles Scribner's Sons: New York, 1970, Vol. 1, p. 389 Farber, Eduard (ed.), Great Chemists, Interscience Publishers: New York, 1961 De Meijere, A. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2005, 44, 7836 Barton, Sir Derek Harold Richard Ley, S.V.; Myers, R. Biog. Memoirs Fellows Roy. Soc. 2002, 48, 3 Scott, A.I., Tetrahedron 1998, 54, 8847 Chorghade, M.S., Pure Appl. Chem. 1999, 71, 1075 Campbell, W.A.; Greenwood, N.N., Contemporary British Chemists, Taylor & Francis Ltd.: London, 1971 McMurray, Emily J. (ed.), Notable Twientieth-Century Scientists, Dr. John Andraos, http://www.careerchem.com/NAMED/Nobel-Biographies.pdf 3

Gale Research, Inc.: New York, 1995 Anon., Chem. Eng. News, 1998, 76(2), 171 Feldman, M.R. in James, Laylin K. (ed.), Nobel Laureates in Chemistry 1901 - 1992, American Chemical Society: Washington, DC, 1993, p. 507 Barton, D.H.R., Some Recollections of Gap Jumping, ACS: Washington, 1991 Farago, P. J. Chem. Ed. 1973, 50, 234 Eliel, E.L. Science 1969, 166, 718 Berg, Paul Reinhardt, C.G. in James, Laylin K. (ed.), Nobel Laureates in Chemistry 1901 - 1992, American Chemical Society: Washington, DC, 1993, p. 618 Kolata, G.B. Science 1980, 210, 887 Bergius, Friedrich Barnes, Z. in James, Laylin K. (ed.), Nobel Laureates in Chemistry 1901 - 1992, American Chemical Society: Washington, DC, 1993, p. 192 Kerstein, G. in Dictionary of Scientific Biography, Gillispie, C.C. ed.; Charles Scribner's Sons: New York, 1970, Vol. 2, p. 3 Stranges, A.N. Isis 1984, 75, 643 Bosch, Carl Steinmüller, F. in James, Laylin K. (ed.), Nobel Laureates in Chemistry 1901 - 1992, American Chemical Society: Washington, DC, 1993, p. 198 Hayes, P. J. Econ. Hist. 1987, 47, 353 Holdermann, C. Banne der Chemie. Carl Bosch, Leben und Werke, Econ: Dusseldörf, 1953 Kerstein, G. in Dictionary of Scientific Biography, Gillispie, C.C. ed.; Charles Scribner's Sons: New York, 1970, Vol. 2, p. 323 Boyer, Paul D. Hargittai, I. Chem. Intelligencer 2000, April, 17 Borman, S. Chem. Eng. News 2018, 96(25), 5 Brown, Herbert Charles Kroll, L.C. in James, Laylin K. (ed.), Nobel Laureates in Chemistry 1901 - 1992, American Chemical Society: Washington, DC, 1993, p. 604 Brown, H.C. Herbert C. Brown: a life in chemistry, Purdue University Press: West Lafayette, 1980 Davenport, D.A. Aldrichimica Acta 1987, 20(1), 25 Negishi, E.I. Heterocycles 1982, 18, 7 Worthy, W. Chem. Eng. News 1980, 58(27), 21 Jacoby, M. Chem. Eng. News 2005, 83(1), 8 Kabalka, G.W. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2005, 44, 1438 Buchner, Eduard Reinhardt, C.G. in James, Laylin K. (ed.), Nobel Laureates in Chemistry 1901 - 1992, American Chemical Society: Washington, DC, 1993, p. 42 Harries, C. Chem. Ber. 1917, 50, 1843 Kohler, R.E. J. Hist. Biol. 1971, 4, 35 Kohler, R.E. Isis 1973, 64, 181 Kohler, R.E. J. Hist. Biol. 1972, 5, 327 Dr. John Andraos, http://www.careerchem.com/NAMED/Nobel-Biographies.pdf 4

Schriefers, H. in Dictionary of Scientific Biography, Gillispie, C.C. ed.; Charles Scribner's Sons: New York, 1970, Vol. 2, p. 560 Butenandt, Adolf Friedrich Akhtar, M.; Akhtar, M.E. Biog. Memoirs Fellows Roy. Soc. 1998, Johann 44, 77 Macrakis, K. in James, Laylin K. (ed.), Nobel Laureates in Chemistry 1901 - 1992, American Chemical Society: Washington, DC, 1993, p. 253 Karlson, P. Adolf Butenandt: biochemiker, hormonforscher, wissenschaftspolitiker, Wissenschaftliche Verlagsgesellschaft: Stuttgart, 1990 Calvin, Melvin Bassham, J.A., Photochem. Photobiol. 1997, 65, 605 Seaborg, G.T.; Benson, A.A., Biog. Memoirs Natl. Acad. Sci. 1998, 75, 97 Calvin, M., Acc. Chem. Res. 1978, 11, 369 Husic, H.D.; Husic, D.W. in James, Laylin K. (ed.), Nobel Laureates in Chemistry 1901 - 1992, American Chemical Society: Washington, DC, 1993, p. 422 Abbott, David (ed.), The Biographical Dictionary of Scientists: Chemists, Peter Bedrick Books: New York, 1983 Calvin, M., Following the Trail of Light: A Scientific Odyssey, ACS: Washington, 1992 Moses, V. Adv. Carbohydrate Chem. 1999, 55, 15 Cech, Thomas R. Uhlenbeck, O.C. in James, Laylin K. (ed.), Nobel Laureates in Chemistry 1901 - 1992, American Chemical Society: Washington, DC, 1993, p. 745 Chauvin, Yves Halford, B. Chem. Eng. News 2015, 93(5), 9 Ciechanover, Aaron J. Corey, Elias James Allerson, C.R. in James, Laylin K. (ed.), Nobel Laureates in Chemistry 1901 - 1992, American Chemical Society: Washington, DC, 1993, p. 750 Rouhi, A.M. Chem. Eng. News 2004, 82(13), 37 Thompson, K. Chem. Brit. 1989, 25(2), 113 Anon. Chem. Eng. News 1990, 68(43), 4 Cornforth, Sir John Campbell, W.A.; Greenwood, N.N., Contemporary British Chemists, Taylor & Francis Ltd.: London, 1971 Goldwhite, H. in James, Laylin K. (ed.), Nobel Laureates in Chemistry 1901 - 1992, American Chemical Society: Washington, DC, 1993, p. 571 McMurray, Emily J. (ed.), Notable Twientieth-Century Scientists, Gale Research, Inc.: New York, 1995 Callow, R.K. Nature 1975, 258, 5 Eliel, E.L.; Mosher, H.S. Science 1975, 190, 772 Hargittai, I. Chem. Intelligencer 1998, July, 27 Cram, Donald James Anon., Chem. Eng. News 1998, 76(2), 171 Gutsche, C.D. in James, Laylin K. (ed.), Nobel Laureates in Dr. John Andraos, http://www.careerchem.com/NAMED/Nobel-Biographies.pdf 5

Chemistry 1901 - 1992, American Chemical Society: Washington, DC, 1993, p. 708 Cram, D.J., From Design to Discovery, ACS: Washington, 1990 Byrum, A.L. Chem. Eng. News 2001, 79(30), 38 Hargittai, I. Chem. Intelligencer 1996, January, 6 Crutzen, Paul Josef Howes, L. Chem. Eng. News 2021, 99(5), 7 Curie, Marie Vincent, B.B. in James, Laylin K. (ed.), Nobel Laureates in Chemistry 1901 - 1992, American Chemical Society: Washington, DC, 1993, p. 75 Cunningham, M.E. Madame Curie (Sklodowska) and the story of radium, The Saint Catherine Press: London, 1918 Curie, E. Madame Curie, Gallimard: Paris, 1938 Reid, R. Marie Curie, American Library: New York, 1974 Rubin, E. The Curies and Radium, F. Watts: New York, 1961 Weill, A.R. in Dictionary of Scientific Biography, Gillispie, C.C. ed.; Charles Scribner's Sons: New York, 1976, Vol. 3, p. 947 Curl, Jr., Robert Floyd Debye, Peter Joseph Wilhelm Davies, M. Biog. Memoirs Fellows Roy. Soc. 1970, 16, 175 (Willem) Williams, J.W., Biog. Memoirs Natl. Acad. Sci. 1975, 46, 23 Millar, D.; Millar, I.; Millar, J.; Millar, M., Chambers Concise Dictionary of Scientists, W. & R. Chambers: Edinburgh, 1989 Anon., Chem. Eng. News 1998, 76(2), 171 Fleck, G. in James, Laylin K. (ed.), Nobel Laureates in Chemistry 1901 - 1992, American Chemical Society: Washington, DC, 1993, p. 228 Wirtz, K., Angew. Chem. 1960, 72, 1 Abbott, David (ed.), The Biographical Dictionary of Scientists: Chemists, Peter Bedrick Books: New York, 1983 Wirtz, K. Angew. Chem. 1960, 72, 1 Davies, M. J. Chem. Ed. 1968, 45, 467 Davies, M. J. Phys. Chem. 1984, 88, 6461 Baker, W.O. in Proc. Robert A. Welch Found. Conf. Chem. Res. XX. American Chemistry - Bicentennial, (Milligan, W.O. ed.) Welch Foundation: Houston, 1977, 154 Eicke, H.F. Chimia 1984, 38, 347 Smyth, C.P. in Dictionary of Scientific Biography, Gillispie, C.C. ed.; Charles Scribner's Sons: New York, 1971, Vol. 3, p. 617 Deisenhofer, Johann De Paula, J.C. in James, Laylin K. (ed.), Nobel Laureates in Chemistry 1901 - 1992, American Chemical Society: Washington, DC, 1993, p. 729 Clarke, M. Nature 1988, 335, 752 Dagani, R.; Stinson, S. Chem. Eng. News 1988, 66(Oct. 24), 4 Diels, Otto Paul Hermann Olsen, S., Chem. Ber. 1962, 95, V Millar, D.; Millar, I.; Millar, J.; Millar, M., Chambers Concise Dictionary of Scientists, W. & R. Chambers: Edinburgh, 1989 Walters, L.R. in James, Laylin K. (ed.), Nobel Laureates in Dr. John Andraos, http://www.careerchem.com/NAMED/Nobel-Biographies.pdf 6

Chemistry 1901 - 1992, American Chemical Society: Washington, DC, 1993, p. 332 Klemm, W., Angew. Chem. 1951, 63, 180 Abbott, David (ed.), The Biographical Dictionary of Scientists: Chemists, Peter Bedrick Books: New York, 1983 Schmauderer, E. in Dictionary of Scientific Biography, Gillispie, C.C. ed.; Charles Scribner's Sons: New York, 1971, Vol. 4, p. 90 Eigen, Manfred Porter, Roy (ed.), The Biographical Dictionary of Scientists, 2nd ed., Oxford University Press: New York, 1994 Daintith, J.; Mitchell, S.; Tootill, E.; Gjersten, D., Biographical Encyclopedia of Scientists, Institute of Physics Publishing: Bristol, UK, 1994 Spittler, E.G. in James, Laylin K. (ed.), Nobel Laureates in Chemistry 1901 - 1992, American Chemical Society: Washington, DC, 1993, p. 494 Abbott, David (ed.), The Biographical Dictionary of Scientists: Chemists, Peter Bedrick Books: New York, 1983 Howes, L. Chem. Eng News 2019, 97(7), 8 Ernst, Richard R. Hill, H. in James, Laylin K. (ed.), Nobel Laureates in Chemistry 1901 - 1992, American Chemical Society: Washington, DC, 1993, p. 759 Stinson, S. Chem. Eng. News 1991, 69(42), 4 Lemonick, S. Chem. Eng. News 2021, 99(22), 9 Ertl, Gerhard Euler-Chelpin, Hans von Friedman, R.M. in James, Laylin K. (ed.), Nobel Laureates in Chemistry 1901 - 1992, American Chemical Society: Washington, DC, 1993, p. 175 Ihde, A.J. in Dictionary of Scientific Biography, Gillispie, C.C. ed.; Charles Scribner's Sons: New York, 1970, Vol. 4, p. 485 Fenn, John Bennett Ainsworth, S.J. Chem. Eng. News 2011, 89(2), 42 Fischer, Emil Editor, J. Chem. Educ. 1929, 6, 1191 Farber, Eduard (ed.), Great Chemists, Interscience Publishers: New York, 1961 Hofmann, K.A.; Mylius, F., Chem. Ber. 1919, 52A, 125 Lucier, J.J. in James, Laylin K. (ed.), Nobel Laureates in Chemistry 1901 - 1992, American Chemical Society: Washington, DC, 1993, p. 8 Helferich, B., Angew. Chem. 1953, 65, 45 Abbott, David (ed.), The Biographical Dictionary of Scientists: Chemists, Peter Bedrick Books: New York, 1983 Partington, J.R., A History of Chemistry, Vol. IV, Macmillan and Co., Ltd.: London, 1964, p. 816 Lichtenthaler, F.W. Eur. J. Org. Chem. 2002, 4095 Kunz, H. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2002, 41, 4439 Darmstadter, L.; Oesper, R.E. (trans.) J. Chem. Ed. 1928, 5, 37 Farber, E. in Dictionary of Scientific Biography, Gillispie, C.C. Dr. John Andraos, http://www.careerchem.com/NAMED/Nobel-Biographies.pdf 7

ed.; Charles Scribner's Sons: New York, 1970, Vol. 5, p. 1 Herneck, F. Z. Chem. 1970, 10, 41 Hoesch, K. Emil Fischer: Sein Leben und sein Werk, Verlag Chemie: Berlin, 1922 Kaufmann, G.B. J. Chem. Ed. 1989, 66, 394 Kaufmann, G.B. J. Chem. Ed. 1990, 67, 93 Moy, T.D. Ambix 1989, 36, 109 Fischer, Ernst Otto Bonnesen, P.V. in James, Laylin K. (ed.), Nobel Laureates in Chemistry 1901 - 1992, American Chemical Society: Washington, DC, 1993, p. 551 Ainsworth, S.J. Chem. Eng. News 2007, 85(37), 35 Fischer, Hans Barnes, Z. in James, Laylin K. (ed.), Nobel Laureates in Chemistry 1901 - 1992, American Chemical Society: Washington, DC, 1993, p. 187 Macdonald, S.F. Nature 1946, 160, 494 Farber, Eduard (ed.), Great Chemists, Interscience Publishers: New York, 1961 Leicester, H.M. in Dictionary of Scientific Biography, Gillispie, C.C. ed.; Charles Scribner's Sons: New York, 1980, Vol. 15, p. 157 Flory, Paul McMurray, Emily J. (ed.), Notable Twientieth-Century Scientists, Gale Research, Inc.: New York, 1995 Anon., Chem. Eng. News 1998, 76(2), 171 Kovac, J. in James, Laylin K. (ed.), Nobel Laureates in Chemistry 1901 - 1992, American Chemical Society: Washington, DC, 1993, p. 564 Abbott, David (ed.), The Biographical Dictionary of Scientists: Chemists, Peter Bedrick Books: New York, 1983 Johnson, W.S.; Stockmayer, W.H.; Taube, H. Biog. Memoirs Fellows Natl. Acad. Sci. 2003, 82, 115 Mark, H. J. Polymer Sci. 1976, 54, 1 Scheraga, H.A. Macromolecules 1980, 13, 8A Seltzer, R.J. Chem. Eng. News 1985, 61(51), 27 Stockmayer, W.H. Science 1974, 106, 724 Fukui, Kenichi Buckingham, A.D.; Nakatsuji, H. Biog. Memoirs Fellows Roy. Soc. 2001, 47, 223 Hirao, K., Science 1998, 279, 822 Yonezawa, T.; Nagata, C., Theor. Chem. Acc. 1999, 102, 3; 9 Fukui, K., Acc. Chem. Res. 1981, 14, 363 Jensen, W.B. in James, Laylin K. (ed.), Nobel Laureates in Chemistry 1901 - 1992, American Chemical Society: Washington, DC, 1993, p. 639 Bykov, G.V. Chymia 1965, 10, 199 Fukui, K. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 1982, 21, 801 Giauque, William Francis Jeffers, W.A. Jr. in James, Laylin K. (ed.), Nobel Laureates in Chemistry 1901 - 1992, American Chemical Society: Dr. John Andraos, http://www.careerchem.com/NAMED/Nobel-Biographies.pdf 8

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Vol. 5, 620 Stoltzenberg, D. Fritz Haber: chemist, Nobel Laureate, German, Jew, Chemical Heritage Press: Philadelphia, 2004 Charles, Daniel Between Genius and Genocide, Jonathan Cape: London, 2005 Stern, F. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2012, 51, 50 Hahn, Otto Spence, R. Biog. Memoirs Fellows Roy. Soc. 1970, 16, 279 Popp, H.; Ziegler, K. Angew. Chem. 1949, 61, 275 Mietner, L. Angew. Chem. 1952, 64, 1 Wurster, C. Angew. Chem. 1959, 71, 169 McBryde, W.A.E. in James, Laylin K. (ed.), Nobel Laureates in Chemistry 1901 - 1992, American Chemical Society: Washington, DC, 1993, p. 272 Badash, L. in Gillispie, Charles Coulston (ed.), Dictionary of Scientific Biography, Charles Scribner & Sons: New York, 1972, Vol. 6, 14 Hahn, O. J. Chem. Soc. 1956, 3997 Hahn, O. Mein Leben, Bruckman: Munich, 1968 Hahn, O. Otto Hahn: a scientific autobiography, Charles Scribner's Sons: New York, 1966 Hahn, O. Sci. Am. 1958, 198, 76 Heisenberg, W. Physics Today 1968, 21(10), 101 Hahn, D. (ed.) Otto Hahn: begruender des Atomzeitalters, List Verlag: Muenchen, 1979 Ley, W. (transl.) Otto Hahn: a scientific autobiography, Charles Scribner’s Sons: New York, 1966 Kaiser, E.; Wilkins, E. Otto Hahn: my life, the autobiography of a scientist, Herder & Herder: New York, 1970 Harden, Sir Arthur Hopkins, F.G.; Martin, C.J. Roy. Soc. Obit. Not. Fellows 1942 - 1944, 4, 3 Smedley-Maclean, I. Biochem. J. 1941, 35, 1071 Goodwin, T.W. in James, Laylin K. (ed.), Nobel Laureates in Chemistry 1901 - 1992, American Chemical Society: Washington, DC, 1993, p. 181 Ihde, A. in Gillispie, Charles Coulston (ed.), Dictionary of Scientific Biography, Charles Scribner & Sons: New York, 1972, Vol. 6, 110 Kohler, R.E. Bull. Hist. Med. 1974, 48, 22 Hassel, Odd Trimble, R.F. in James, Laylin K. (ed.), Nobel Laureates in Chemistry 1901 - 1992, American Chemical Society: Washington, DC, 1993, p. 514 Bastiansen, O. Chem. Brit. 1982, 18, 442 Eliel, E.L. Science 1969, 166, 718 Hauptman, Herbert Aaron Bohning, J.J. in James, Laylin K. (ed.), Nobel Laureates in Chemistry 1901 - 1992, American Chemical Society: Washington, DC, 1993, p. 674 Dr. John Andraos, http://www.careerchem.com/NAMED/Nobel-Biographies.pdf 10

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