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CULTURAL HERITAGE RESOURCE ASSESSMENT: BUILT HERITAGE RESOURCES AND CULTURAL HERITAGE LANDSCAPES GARDINER EXPRESSWAY AND LAKE SHORE BOULEVARD EAST RECONFIGURATION, HYBRID DESIGN ALTERNATIVE 3 (NORTH) – KEATING CHANNEL PRECINCT CITY OF TORONTO, ONTARIO Prepared for: Dillon Consulting Limited (Toronto) 235 Yorkland Boulevard, Suite 800 Toronto, Ontario M2J 4Y8 T 416-229-4646 F 416-229-4692 ASI File: 17EA-061 April 2017 Archaeological & Cultural ASI Heritage Services 528 Bathurst Street Toronto, ONTARIO M5S 2P9 416-966-1069 F 416-966-9723 asiheritage.ca Cultural Heritage Resource Assessment: Built Heritage Resources and Cultural Heritage Landscapes Gardiner Expressway and Lake Shore Boulevard East Reconfiguration, Hybrid Design Alternative 3 (North) – Keating Channel Precinct City of Toronto, Ontario Page i CULTURAL HERITAGE RESOURCE ASSESSMENT: BUILT HERITAGE RESOURCES AND CULTURAL HERITAGE LANDSCAPES GARDINER EXPRESSWAY AND LAKE SHORE BOULEVARD EAST RECONFIGURATION, HYBRID DESIGN ALTERNATIVE 3 (NORTH) – KEATING CHANNEL PRECINCT CITY OF TORONTO, ONTARIO EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ASI (Archaeological Services Inc.) was retained by Dillon Consulting Limited to conduct a Cultural Heritage Resource Assessment (CHRA) of the Hybrid Design Alternative 3 (North) of the reconfiguration of the Gardiner Expressway and Lake Shore Boulevard East as part of the Municipal Class Environmental Assessment process. Based upon a review of previous reports as well as historic and large-scale orthographic mapping, 10 Cultural Heritage Resources are located within or adjacent to the study area: one is listed in the City of Toronto’s Inventory of Heritage Properties (CHR 7); one is identified in the Port Lands and South of Eastern Transportation and Servicing Master Plan EA (CHR 6); one is identified in the West Don Lands Transit EA (CHR 10); and seven have been identified through the review of large-scale mapping resources and field review (CHR 1a/CHR 1b, CHR 2, CHR 3, CHR 4, CHR 5, and CHR 8). The identified cultural heritage resources are historically, architecturally, and contextually associated with late early-mid twentieth-century land use patterns at the east end of Toronto Harbour and in the Lower Don River area. Based on the results of background data collection, field review and assessment of impacts of the study area and proposed development, the following recommendations were developed for the Gardiner Expressway and Lake Shore Boulevard East Hybrid Design Alternative 3 (North). 1. Significant adverse impacts to cultural heritage resources should be avoided as part of the proposed undertaking. 2. At the earliest possible stage of the detailed design phase of the project, the following resources should be further evaluated to describe their specific cultural heritage value, identify their cultural heritage attributes at a level of detail sufficient for evaluating impacts at this phase of design refinement, and to develop appropriate mitigation measures: CHR 1a, CHR 1b, CHR 2, CHR 4, CHR 5, CHR 6 and CHR 7. 3. Potential impacts to CHR 3, CHR 8, CHR 9 and CHR 10 should also be evaluated during the detailed design phase, to confirm that there are no further unanticipated effects that cannot be mitigated. 4. Should future work require an expansion of the Gardiner Expressway and Lake Shore Boulevard East Hybrid Design Alternative 3 (North) EA study area then a qualified heritage ASI Cultural Heritage Resource Assessment: Built Heritage Resources and Cultural Heritage Landscapes Gardiner Expressway and Lake Shore Boulevard East Reconfiguration, Hybrid Design Alternative 3 (North) – Keating Channel Precinct City of Toronto, Ontario Page ii consultant should be contacted in order to confirm the impacts of the proposed work on potential cultural heritage resources. 5. This report should be submitted to the Ministry of Tourism, Culture, and Sport and the City of Toronto, Heritage Preservation Services, for review and comment. ASI Cultural Heritage Resource Assessment: Built Heritage Resources and Cultural Heritage Landscapes Gardiner Expressway and Lake Shore Boulevard East Reconfiguration, Hybrid Design Alternative 3 (North) – Keating Channel Precinct City of Toronto, Ontario Page iii PROJECT PERSONNEL Project Manager: David Robertson, MA Partner - Director, Planning Assessment Division Project Coordinator: Sarah Jagelewski, Hon. BA Staff Archaeologist Assistant Manager, Environmental Assessment Division Report Preparation: David Robertson Joel Konrad, PhD Cultural Heritage Specialist Eric Beales Graphics: Eric Beales, MA Archaeologist, Project Manager - Planning Assessment Division Report Reviewer: Rebecca Sciarra, MA Partner - Director, Business Services Division ASI Cultural Heritage Resource Assessment: Built Heritage Resources and Cultural Heritage Landscapes Gardiner Expressway and Lake Shore Boulevard East Reconfiguration, Hybrid Design Alternative 3 (North) – Keating Channel Precinct City of Toronto, Ontario Page iv TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ..................................................................................................................................... i PROJECT PERSONNEL..................................................................................................................................... iii 1.0 INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................................. 1 2.0 BUILT HERITAGE RESOURCE AND CULTURAL HERITAGE LANDSCAPE ASSESSMENT CONTEXT .................. 2 2.1 Legislation and Policy Context ........................................................................................................ 2 2.2 Municipal Policies ......................................................................................................................... 6 2.2.1 City of Toronto ........................................................................................................................ 6 2.3 Data Collection ............................................................................................................................. 8 3.0 BUILT HERITAGE RESOURCE AND CULTURAL HERITAGE LANDSCAPE ASSESSMENT ................................ 10 3.1 Introduction ................................................................................................................................ 10 3.2 Township Survey and Settlement .................................................................................................. 10 3.2.1 City of Toronto ....................................................................................................................... 10 3.2.2 North Keating Channel Precinct .............................................................................................. 11 3.3 Review of Historic Mapping and Aerial Photography ...................................................................... 13 3.4 Existing Conditions ...................................................................................................................... 16 3.4.1 Gardiner Hybrid Design 3 (North)– Existing Conditions ............................................................ 17 3.4.2 Gardiner Hybrid Design 3 (North)– Identified Cultural Heritage Resources................................ 21 3.5 Screening for Potential Impacts .................................................................................................... 23 3.5.1 Potential Impacts to Cultural Heritage Resources .................................................................... 24 4.0 CONCLUSIONS ................................................................................................................................ 26 5.0 RECOMMENDATIONS ....................................................................................................................... 27 6.0 BIBLIOGRAPHY ................................................................................................................................ 28 7.0 CULTURAL HERITAGE RESOURCE INVENTORY ...................................................................................... 31 LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1: Location of the study area ............................................................................................................... 1 Figure 2: The nineteenth- and twentieth-century development of the Gardiner Expressway Design Alternative 3 study area. ................................................................................................................................................ 14 Figure 3: The development of the study area as reflected on twentieth-century aerial photography. ............... 15 Figure 4: Hybrid Design Alternative 3 (North) Location of Cultural Heritage Resources ................................... 22 LIST OF TABLES Table 1: Summary of Cultural Heritage Resources (CHR) within or adjacent to the study area ......................... 23 Table 2: Preliminary Impacts to Identified Cultural Heritage Resources and Recommended Mitigation Strategies .................................................................................................................................................. 25 ASI Cultural Heritage Resource Assessment: Built Heritage Resources and Cultural Heritage Landscapes Gardiner Expressway and Lake Shore Boulevard East Reconfiguration, Hybrid Design Alternative 3 (North) – Keating Channel Precinct City of Toronto, Ontario Page 1 1.0 INTRODUCTION ASI (Archaeological Services Inc.) was retained by Dillon Consulting Limited to