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The Commonwealth Trans-Antarctic Expedition 1955-1958
THE COMMONWEALTH TRANS-ANTARCTIC EXPEDITION 1955-1958 HOW THE CROSSING OF ANTARCTICA MOVED NEW ZEALAND TO RECOGNISE ITS ANTARCTIC HERITAGE AND TAKE AN EQUAL PLACE AMONG ANTARCTIC NATIONS A thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree PhD - Doctor of Philosophy (Antarctic Studies – History) University of Canterbury Gateway Antarctica Stephen Walter Hicks 2015 Statement of Authority & Originality I certify that the work in this thesis has not been previously submitted for a degree nor has it been submitted as part of requirements for a degree except as fully acknowledged within the text. I also certify that the thesis has been written by me. Any help that I have received in my research and the preparation of the thesis itself has been acknowledged. In addition, I certify that all information sources and literature used are indicated in the thesis. Elements of material covered in Chapter 4 and 5 have been published in: Electronic version: Stephen Hicks, Bryan Storey, Philippa Mein-Smith, ‘Against All Odds: the birth of the Commonwealth Trans-Antarctic Expedition, 1955-1958’, Polar Record, Volume00,(0), pp.1-12, (2011), Cambridge University Press, 2011. Print version: Stephen Hicks, Bryan Storey, Philippa Mein-Smith, ‘Against All Odds: the birth of the Commonwealth Trans-Antarctic Expedition, 1955-1958’, Polar Record, Volume 49, Issue 1, pp. 50-61, Cambridge University Press, 2013 Signature of Candidate ________________________________ Table of Contents Foreword .................................................................................................................................. -
WILKINS, ARCTIC EXPLORER, VISITS NAUGATUCK PLANT Senate Over-Rode Hie Veto of Gov
WILKINS, ARCTIC EXPLORER, VISITS NAUGATUCK PLANT Senate Over-Rode Hie Veto Of Gov. Cross Patients on Pan-American Orders Roosevelts Do Hartford, Conn, April 14—(UP) L. Cross. Special Bearing Up Bravely—As —The state senate today passed a The .roll call vote was 19 to 13, Danger List Observed Here bill taking away a power held by republicans voting solidly in favoi governors for 14 years of nominat- of the measure, which the governoi Rubber Outfits ing the New Haven city court judges had declared was raised because he No Change In Condition of Appropriate Exercises Held over the veto of Governor Wilbur Is a democrat. For His Crew Mrs Innes and at Wilby High School Carl Fries According to a proclamation is- sued by President Hoover, to-day Market Unsettled As Mrs Elizabeth Innes, 70, of Thom- has been set aside as Pan-American Sir Hubert, Who Will Attempt Underwater Trip to North aston, who was painfully burned day. At the regular weekly assemb- last Saturday noon at her home, ly at Wilby high school the pupils remained on the list of Miss session room Pole in Submarine Nautilus, Pays Trip to U. S. Rub= danger today Magoon's pre- Several *Issues Had at the Waterbury hospital. Owing sented a program In keeping with ber Company’s Borough Plant Yesterday to her age the chances of her re- the day. covering are not considered very The meeting was opened with the promising. singing of “America". The program to the Democrat.) North Pole, was Some Breaks (Special recently christened Carl Fries, 52, of 596 South Main which was presented included. -
A Historical and Legal Study of Sovereignty in the Canadian North : Terrestrial Sovereignty, 1870–1939
University of Calgary PRISM: University of Calgary's Digital Repository University of Calgary Press University of Calgary Press Open Access Books 2014 A historical and legal study of sovereignty in the Canadian north : terrestrial sovereignty, 1870–1939 Smith, Gordon W. University of Calgary Press "A historical and legal study of sovereignty in the Canadian north : terrestrial sovereignty, 1870–1939", Gordon W. Smith; edited by P. Whitney Lackenbauer. University of Calgary Press, Calgary, Alberta, 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/1880/50251 book http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ Attribution Non-Commercial No Derivatives 4.0 International Downloaded from PRISM: https://prism.ucalgary.ca A HISTORICAL AND LEGAL STUDY OF SOVEREIGNTY IN THE CANADIAN NORTH: TERRESTRIAL SOVEREIGNTY, 1870–1939 By Gordon W. Smith, Edited by P. Whitney Lackenbauer ISBN 978-1-55238-774-0 THIS BOOK IS AN OPEN ACCESS E-BOOK. It is an electronic version of a book that can be purchased in physical form through any bookseller or on-line retailer, or from our distributors. Please support this open access publication by requesting that your university purchase a print copy of this book, or by purchasing a copy yourself. If you have any questions, please contact us at ucpress@ ucalgary.ca Cover Art: The artwork on the cover of this book is not open access and falls under traditional copyright provisions; it cannot be reproduced in any way without written permission of the artists and their agents. The cover can be displayed as a complete cover image for the purposes of publicizing this work, but the artwork cannot be extracted from the context of the cover of this specificwork without breaching the artist’s copyright. -
99-00 May No. 4
THE ANTARCTICAN SOCIETY 7338 Wayfarer Drive Fairfax Station, Virginia 22039 HONORARY PRESIDENT — MRS. PAUL A. SIPLE Vol. 99-00 May No. 4 Presidents: Dr. Carl R. Eklund, 1959-61 Dr. Paul A. Siple, 1961-62 Mr. Gordon D. Cartwright, 1962-63 BRASH ICE RADM David M. Tyree (Ret.), 1963-64 Mr. George R. Toney, 1964-65 Mr. Morton J. Rubin, 1965-66 Dr. Albert R Crary, 1966-68 As you can readily see, this newsletter is NOT announcing a speaker Dr. Henry M. Dater, 1968-70 program, as we have not lined anyone up, nor have any of you stepped Mr. George A. Doumani, 1970-71 Dr. William J. L. Sladen, 1971-73 forward announcing your availability. So we are just moving out with a Mr. Peter F. Bermel, 1973-75 Dr. Kenneth J. Bertrand, 1975-77 newsletter based on some facts, some fiction, some fabrications. It will be Mrs. Paul A. Siple, 1977-78 Dr. Paul C. Dalrymple, 1978-80 up to you to ascertain which ones are which. Good luck! Dr. Meredith F. Burrill, 1980-82 Dr. Mort D. Turner, 1982-84 Dr. Edward P. Todd, 1984-86 Two more Byrd men have been struck down -- Al Lindsey, the last of the Mr. Robert H. T. Dodson, 1986-88 Dr. Robert H. Rutford, 1988-90 Byrd scientists to die, and Steve Corey, Supply Officer, both of the 1933-35 Mr. Guy G. Guthridge, 1990-92 Byrd Antarctic Expedition. Al was a handsome man, and he and his wife, Dr. Polly A. Penhale, 1992-94 Mr. Tony K. Meunier, 1994-96 Elizabeth, were a stunning couple. -
Sir Ernest Shackleton
Sir Ernest Shackleton Born close to the village of Kilkea, FRIDAY 23rd October between Castledermot and Athy, in the south of County Kildare in 1874, Ernest Shackleton Official Opening & is renowned for his courage, his commitment to the welfare of his comrades and his Book Launch immense contribution to exploration and 7.30pm in Athy Heritage Centre - geographical discovery. The Shackleton family Museum first came to south Kildare in the early years of the eighteenth century. Ernest’s Quaker In association with the Erskine Press the forefather, Abraham Shackleton, established a multi-denominational school in the village school will host the launch of Regina Daly’s of Ballitore. This school was to educate such book notable figures as Napper Tandy, Edmund ‘The Shackleton Letters: Behind the Scenes of Burke, Cardinal Paul Cullen and Shackleton’s the Nimrod Expedition’. great aunt, the Quaker writer, Mary Leadbeater. Apart from their involvement in education, the extended family was also deeply involved in Shackleton the business and farming life of south Kildare. Having gone to sea as a teenager, Memorial Lecture Shackleton joined Captain Scott’s Discovery expedition (1901 – 1904) and, in time, was by Caroline Casey to lead three of his own expeditions to the Antarctic. His Endurance expedition (1914 – 8.15pm in Athy Heritage Centre - Museum 1916) has become known as one of the great epics of human survival. He died in 1922, at The founder and CEO of Kanchi (formerly South Georgia, on his fourth expedition to the known as The Aisling Foundation) Caroline is Antarctic, and – on his wife’s instructions – was buried there. -
Inventory Acc.12696 William Laird Mckinlay
Acc.12696 December 2006 Inventory Acc.12696 William Laird McKinlay National Library of Scotland Manuscripts Division George IV Bridge Edinburgh EH1 1EW Tel: 0131-466 2812 Fax: 0131-466 2811 E-mail: [email protected] © Trustees of the National Library of Scotland Correspondence and papers of William Laird McKinlay, Glasgow. Background William McKinlay (1888-1983) was for most of his working life a teacher and headmaster in the west of Scotland; however the bulk of the papers in this collection relate to the Canadian National Arctic Expedition, 1913-18, and the part played in it by him and the expedition leader, Vilhjalmur Stefansson. McKinlay’s account of his experiences, especially those of being shipwrecked and marooned on Wrangel Island, off the coast of Siberia, were published by him in Karluk (London, 1976). For a rather more detailed list of nos.1-27, and nos.43-67 (listed as nos.28-52), see NRA(S) survey no.2546. Further items relating to McKinlay were presented in 2006: see Acc.12713. Other items, including a manuscript account of the expedition and the later activities of Stefansson – much broader in scope than Karluk – have been deposited in the National Archives of Canada, in Ottawa. A small quantity of additional documents relating to these matters can be found in NRA(S) survey no.2222, papers in the possession of Dr P D Anderson. Extent: 1.56 metres Deposited in 1983 by Mrs A.A. Baillie-Scott, the daughter of William McKinlay, and placed as Dep.357; presented by the executor of Mrs Baillie-Scott’s estate, November 2006. -
The Quest to Conquer the Other North Pole
News Sport Weather More Search Find local news Home UK World Business Politics Tech Science Health Education More Magazine The quest to conquer the other North Pole By Camila Ruz BBC News Magazine 19 October 2015 Magazine Ice-warrior.com In the centre of the Arctic Ocean there is a In today's Magazine Pole that has yet to be conquered. Now a British team is planning a journey of more than 1,000km (800 miles) to be the first to France's migrant reach the loneliest place on the ice. 'cemetery' in Africa What's it like to answer The Arctic can be an unforgiving place, angry tweets about especially at its most remote location. The trains? Northern or Arctic Pole of Inaccessibility marks the place that is the hardest to reach. 10 things we didn't know last week It's the point that is furthest from any speck of land, about 450km (280 miles) from the geographic North Pole. It can be reached by trekking across the thick layer of ice that covers an ocean up to 5,500m (16,400ft) deep. Temperatures here can reach -50C in winter and it's dark from October to March. Next year's expedition will be Jim McNeill's third attempt on the Pole. The explorer's first two expeditions did not quite go according to plan. A flesh-eating bacterial infection kept him at base camp the first time. On the second attempt in 2006, he fell through the ice just before a storm hit. "The next three days were horrendous," he says. -
The North Pole Controversy of 1909 and the Treatment of the Greenland Inuit People: an Historical Perspective
State University of New York College at Buffalo - Buffalo State College Digital Commons at Buffalo State History Theses History and Social Studies Education 12-2011 The orN th Pole Controversy of 1909 and the Treatment of the Greenland Inuit People: An Historical Perspective Kayla J. Shypski [email protected] Advisor Dr. Cynthia A. Conides First Reader Cynthia A. Conides, Ph.D., Associate Professor of History and Social Studies Education, Director of Museum Studies Second Reader Lisa Marie Anselmi, Ph.D., R.P.A., Associate Professor and Chair of the Anthropology Department Department Chair Andrew D. Nicholls To learn more about the History and Social Studies Education Department and its educational programs, research, and resources, go to http://history.buffalostate.edu/. Recommended Citation Shypski, Kayla J., "The orN th Pole Controversy of 1909 and the Treatment of the Greenland Inuit People: An Historical Perspective" (2011). History Theses. Paper 2. Follow this and additional works at: http://digitalcommons.buffalostate.edu/history_theses Part of the History Commons i ABSTRACT OF THESIS The North Pole Controversy of 1909 and the Treatment of the Greenland Inuit People: An Historical Perspective Polar exploration was a large part of American culture and society during the mid to late nineteenth century and the early twentieth century. The North Pole controversy of 1909 in which two American Arctic explorers both claimed to have reached the North Pole was a culmination of the polar exploration era. However, one aspect of the polar expeditions that is relatively unknown is the treatment of the native Inuit peoples of the Arctic by the polar explorers. -
The Exploration History of the Lindsey Islands, Antarctica, 1928-1994
Proceedings of the Indiana Academy of Science oc (1995) Volume 104 p. 85-92 THE EXPLORATION HISTORY OF THE LINDSEY ISLANDS, ANTARCTICA, 1928-1994 Alton A. Lindsey Department of Biological Sciences Purdue University West Lafayette, Indiana 47907 ABSTRACT: The twelve islands and islets of the Lindsey Group (73°37' S by 103°18' W) were reached on 24 February 1940 by Admiral R.E. Byrd, while he navigated a flight from the Bear to the longest unknown coast of Antarctica. In 1968 and 1975, two topographic engineers of the U.S. Geological Survey worked on one or both of the two largest islands. In 1992, six geologists worked briefly on Island 1 of the northern subgroup, and some of them also worked on Island 2 and on the southwestern subgroup's main island. The base rock is pink megacrystic granite with many quartz diorite and gabbro dikes up to 15 m thick. Adelie penguins and skua gulls breed abundantly, and leopard seals are common. Many elephant seals, but neither Weddell nor crab-eater seals, were reported. The first large-scale map of this island group is published. KEYWORDS: Antarctic coastal maps, antarctic exploration, antarctic fauna, antarctic ice tongues, antarctic islands, R.E. Byrd, geographic names, Hubert Wilkins. INTRODUCTION The last and least known part of the antarctic coast bounds the Amundsen Sea and Bellingshausen Sea divisions of the Pacific Ocean. Until 1940, this area was by far the longest continuous stretch of coast on earth to remain uncharted; it posed a particular challenge to Admiral Byrd during his mid-career. -
The Wilkins Chronicle a Selection of Wilkins-Related Trove Articles, Incorporating Advertisements and Cartoons from the Day
The Wilkins Chronicle A selection of Wilkins-related Trove articles, incorporating advertisements and cartoons from the day Please note * indicates that the photo used many front-page air rescues of plane crews He had blasted a Hun two-two-seater out is taken from the Sir George Hubert Wilkins who crashed in Alaska and Canada. The of the air, set fire to a group of wooden huts Papers, SPEC.PA.56.0006, Byrd Polar and club has a world-wide membership of 810. with incendiaries, and killed more than 100 Climate Research Center Archival Another Australian member is Mr. German infantry he had caught marching in Program, Ohio State University Charles Mountford, of St. Peters, South a solid column. Australia, who was leader of the 1948 He wanted some more of that sort of 1951 Arnhem Land Expedition. A distinguished excitement. 20 of the 810 rank as honorary members. Anti-aircraft guns kept potting at him as These include South Australian-born Sir he probed 10 miles inside enemy territory. 13 January 1951 Hubert Wilkins and noted South Australian He couldn’t find a target worth tackling. Prehistoric meat for a club dinner Antarctic explorer Sir Douglas Mawson. Disappointed, he turned for home. Then “Mail” New York Office The 17 holders include most of the great way down below, he sighted two German Sydney explorer John Hallstrom and hors names of modern exploring history — two-seaters pottering round. They were his d’oeuvres 25,000 years old were two of the Amundsen, Byrd, Peary, and Rasmussen. meat. attractions at the annual dinner of the Even the drinks with which club members Explorers Club in New York tonight. -
It's a Dog's Life in Antarctica
REVIEWS • 321 IT’S A DOG’S LIFE IN ANTARCTICA: EXPLORING Peter arrived at Scott Base as a fresh 24-year-old recruit, THE TRANSANTARCTIC MOUNTAINS BY DOG after three months of vigorous training in New Zealand. I SLEDGE 1960 – 1962 – AND BEYOND. By PETER arrived at neighbouring McMurdo as a scientific assistant OTWAY. Tauranga, New Zealand: Self Published, Kale on almost the same day in mid-October 1960 and met Peter Print (www.kaleprint.co.nz), 2015. ISBN 978-0-473334- soon after, while skiing in the evenings on the Antarc- 642. 276 p., maps, b&w and colour illus., end dedication tic’s only ski lift – assisted ski slope, at Scott Base. In late note. Softbound. NZ$100.00, including postage charges. November Peter departed to the field with one of two par- ties working between the Byrd and the Nimrod, two huge The era of heroic and arduous dog sledging in Antarctica outlet glaciers feeding into the Ross Ice Shelf. Peter was is over. Dogs are no longer allowed to be on the continent, the assistant surveyor in the north party, while Wally was but this excellently illustrated book describes in detail three the surveyor for the south party. The appropriately named survey and geological journeys undertaken by Peter shortly “Starshot Glacier” separated the two. Peter’s survey efforts before the ban on dogs was imposed. I have never seen a used “shots” to the stars, in 24-hour polar daylight, to polar book that is so focused on our canine friends, but it determine exact geographic positions, which was a unique also shows the scenery of the Transantarctic Mountains viv- method and more exacting than using the sun as a target. -
The Unseen Anzac
USI Vol68 No4 Dect17_USI Vol55 No4/2005 28/11/2017 8:06 pm Page 35 BOOK REVIEW: The unseen Anzac: how an enigmatic polar explorer created Australia’s World War I photographs by Jeff Maynard 2nd Edition; Scribe Publications: Brunswick, Victoria; 2017; 273 pp.; ISBN 9781925321494 (paperback); RRP $29.99 Jeff Maynard has done Australia a great service by Antarctic by air, and in the 1930s, researching and writing this incredible biography of made five further expeditions to the Antarctic. In 1931, George Hubert Wilkins. he unsuccessfully attempted to take a WWI submarine, Cameras were banned at the Western Front when the the Nautilus, under the Arctic ice to the North Pole. He Anzacs arrived in 1916, prompting war correspondent subsequently worked in defence-related positions with Charles Bean to argue continually for Australia to have a the United States Weather Bureau and the Arctic dedicated photographer. He was eventually assigned an Institute of North America. enigmatic adventurer – George Hubert Wilkins, a Over time, Wilkins’ WWI exploits were forgotten and reporter, filmmaker, photographer, arctic explorer and his personal life became shrouded in secrecy. He died in Balkan war correspondent before World War I (WWI). Framingham, Massachusetts, on 30 November 1958. He Working with Charles Bean, the result of his efforts is was so highly regarded in the United States that the one of the most comprehensive records of any nation – United States Navy later took his ashes to the North Pole a ‘minor national treasure’. aboard the submarine USS Skate on 17 March 1959. Within weeks of arriving at the front, Wilkins’ exploits The Navy confirmed on 27 March that: “In a solemn were legendary.