DOCSLIB.ORG

Gute Frage Ich Dachte Früher Immer „Es Sei Unpolitisch, Den Einzelnen in Die Pflicht Zu Nehmen

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Gute Frage Ich Dachte Früher Immer „Es Sei Unpolitisch, Den Einzelnen in Die Pflicht Zu Nehmen Gute Frage Ich dachte früher immer „es sei unpolitisch, den Einzelnen in die Pflicht zu nehmen. Aber jeder sollte VERDAMMT NOCHMAL Hans-Joachim tatsächlich etwas beitragen. … Wenn wir den Klimawandel nicht in den Griff bekommen, Schellnhuber wenn wir das Schiff nicht über Wasser halten können, brauchen wir über Einkommensverteilung, Rassismus und guten Geschmack nicht mehr nachzudenken.“ Finanzwirtschaft-Realwirtschaft Fehlende Steuereinnahmen pro Jahr, in Milliarden USD 600 Untergrenze privat Untergrenze Konzern Obergrenze Konzern 500 400 300 200 100 0 EU Commission - nur EU! Alstadsaeter et al. Henry Cobham & Jansky OECD Zucman Übernutzung natürlicher Ressourcen: Nicht nur Klimawandel! Geschwindigkeit und Komplexität technischer Innovation Aber: Für alles gibt es Lösungen, die aber nicht umgesetzt werden. Deshalb: Das eigentliche Problem ist Governance & Demokratie! • Es gibt keine Nicht-Entscheidung. Wer sich jetzt nicht- entscheidet, stimmt für das „Weiter-So!“ • Wir müssen verstehen, dass wir Teil des Problems und Teil der Lösung sind. • „Strukturen der Sünde“ („TINA“) fielen nicht vom Himmel, sondern sind menschengemacht und können aufgelöst werden. • Wir brauchen eine zweite Aufklärung: Bediene Dich Deshalb: Deines Verstands zur Befreiung aus selbstverschuldeter Unmündigkeit • Ohne individuelle Umkehr keine strukturelle Reform, strukturelle Reform befördert Wirkung individueller Umkehr. Individual- und Sozialethik sind komplementär • Das Gemeinwohl im Zeitalter globaler Vernetzung und globaler Risiken kann nur global verwirklicht werden. • Jeder Verzicht ist zugleich Gewinn. • Ein „Weiter so!“ können wir uns nicht mehr leisten! Jetzt ist eine Zeit des Umbruchs Es gibt Handlungsmöglichkeiten: Not TINA, but TAMA! American Institutionalist School Marxian economics Austrian economics Mutualism Binary economics Neuroeconomics Bioeconomics Participatory economics Complexity economics Political Economy Distributivism Post-Keynesian economics, including Modern Doughnut Economics (K. Raworth) Monetary Theory and Circuitism Ecological economics Post scarcity Evolutionary economics (partly mainstream economics) Post Growth/Degrowth Economics (N. Paech, T. Jackson) Feminist economics Pluralism in economics Freiwirtschaft Resource-based economics Georgism Real-world economics Gemeinwohlökonomie (Chr. Felber) Rhenish Capitalism/Social Market Economy Gift-based economics Sharing economics Green Economics Socialist economics, incl. Millennial Socialism (G. Blakeley) Happiness Economics (Chr. Layard, Br. Frey) Social economics (partially heterodox usage) Humanistic economics Sraffian economics Innovation Economics Technocracy (Energy Accounting) Institutional economics Thermoeconomics Islamic economics Mouvement Anti-Utilitariste dans les Sciences Sociales Wikipedia Eintrag „Fields of heterodox Economic thought“ – mit persönlichen Ergänzungen Parameter der aktuellen Ordnung Katholische Soziallehre Freie Märkte (unbepreiste Externalitäten, private Gewinne, Sozial-gerechte und ökologisch-nachhaltige Märkte vergemeinschaftete Lasten) Leitwissenschaft Mathematik/Statistik Leitwissenschaft Human-/Sozialwissenschaft Individualismus, „Homo Oeconomicus“, Konsument Person und Personwürde Freihandel/Global Value Chain… Fairer Handel, Regionalisierung… Business erzeugt Shareholder Value, CSR Business dient der Gemeinschaft, “Sozialpartnerschaft“; CC & CSA Wachstum, Quantität, Müll Qualität, Reparierbar, Recycling Kapital über Arbeit Arbeit über Kapital Bezahlte Erwerbsarbeit Alle Formen von Arbeit Privateigentum Ja, aber soziale und ökologische Hypotheke von Eigentum Belohnung von Leistung Ja, wenn Chancengleichheit Individuelle Interessen- und Nutzenoptimierung („Trickle Down“) (Globales) Gemeinwohl („Solidarismus“) Oligarchie, Lobbyismus, fehlende Transparenz Transparenz und Partizipation, Demokratie Private, kapitalbasierte Sozialsysteme Solidarische Sozialsysteme (Steuer)Wettbewerb, Steuerparadiese… tierische Evolution (Steuer)Kooperation menschliche Evolution Wenig Staat Angemessen regulierender Staat Wenig Steuern Angemessen Steuern • Transformation hin zu mehr sozialer Gerechtigkeit und ökologischer Nachhaltigkeit • Abgrenzung vom Anglo-Amerikanischen Aufbruch mit Finanzsystem, chinesischer Vereinnahmung einer und allen, die diese Transformation nicht mitmachen reformierten • Demokratischere EU, Aufgabe des EU Einstimmig-keitsprinzips • Partnerschaft mit Afrika Politische Leitlinien der neuen EU Kommission! Zukunftskonferenz! • Klarstellen: Katholisches Christentum hat nicht nur eine individualethische Kompo- nente, sondern auch eine sozialethische. • Klarstellen: Die Katholische Soziallehre verpflichtet uns zum Einsatz für ein alternatives System. Meine • Klarstellen: Wenn Lebensgefühl/-wirklichkeit und Tradition sich beißen, sollte man sich Hoffnungen fragen: Wie würde sich Jesus hier verhalten? und Ziele für • Fragen stellen mit dem Ziel, dass dadurch Wichtigeres in den Fokus gerät als jenes, das dieses Buch zumeist die Gemüter bewegt. • Werben, dass sich kompetentere als ich an der Beantwortung der Fragen beteiligen. • Nachhaltiges Mobilisieren von 3,5% der Bevölkerung um Druck zur Umsetzung des Erforderlichen auszuüben. Eine Utopie? Eine Vision! Danke für Ihr Kommen.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Negative Nominal Interest Rates: History and Current Proposals
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Research Papers in Economics econstor www.econstor.eu Der Open-Access-Publikationsserver der ZBW – Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft The Open Access Publication Server of the ZBW – Leibniz Information Centre for Economics Ilgmann, Cordelius; Menner, Martin Working Paper Negative nominal interest rates: History and current proposals CAWM discussion paper / Centrum für Angewandte Wirtschaftsforschung Münster, No. 43 Provided in cooperation with: Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster (WWU) Suggested citation: Ilgmann, Cordelius; Menner, Martin (2011) : Negative nominal interest rates: History and current proposals, CAWM discussion paper / Centrum für Angewandte Wirtschaftsforschung Münster, No. 43, http://hdl.handle.net/10419/51360 Nutzungsbedingungen: Terms of use: Die ZBW räumt Ihnen als Nutzerin/Nutzer das unentgeltliche, The ZBW grants you, the user, the non-exclusive right to use räumlich unbeschränkte und zeitlich auf die Dauer des Schutzrechts the selected work free of charge, territorially unrestricted and beschränkte einfache Recht ein, das ausgewählte Werk im Rahmen within the time limit of the term of the property rights according der unter to the terms specified at → http://www.econstor.eu/dspace/Nutzungsbedingungen → http://www.econstor.eu/dspace/Nutzungsbedingungen nachzulesenden vollständigen Nutzungsbedingungen zu By the first use of the selected work the user agrees and vervielfältigen, mit denen die Nutzerin/der Nutzer sich
    [Show full text]
  • Micro-Foundations for Innovation Policy WRR Verkenningen 18 - 3 07-04-2008 13:08 Pagina 2
    WRR Verkenningen 18 - 3 07-04-2008 13:08 Pagina 1 Micro-foundations for Innovation Policy WRR Verkenningen 18 - 3 07-04-2008 13:08 Pagina 2 The series ‘Verkenningen’ comprises studies commissioned by the wrr that are deemed to be of such quality and importance that their publication is desirable. Responsibility for the contents and views expressed therein remains that of the authors. Scientific Council for Government Policy (wrr) Lange Vijverberg 4-5 P.O. Box 20004 2500 EA The Haque Tel. + 31 70 356 46 00 Fax+ 31 70 356 46 85 E-mail: [email protected] Internet: http://www.wrr.nl WRR Verkenningen 18 - 3 07-04-2008 13:08 Pagina 3 SCIENTIFIC COUNCIL FOR GOVERNMENT POLICY Micro-foundations for Innovation Policy B. Nooteboom and E. Stam (eds.) Amsterdam University Press, Amsterdam 2008 WRR Verkenningen 18 - 3 07-04-2008 13:08 Pagina 4 Front cover illustration: Wassily Kandinsky, Offenes Grün (1923), Roethel t. 11 n0. 704, p. 658 Cover design: Studio Daniëls, Den Haag Layout: Het Steen Typografie, Maarssen isbn 978 90 5356 582 7 nur 741 / 754 © wrr / Amsterdam University Press, The Hague / Amsterdam 2008 All rights reserved. Without limiting the rights under copyright reserved above, no part of this book may be reproduced, stored in or introduced into a retrieval system, or transmit- ted, in any form or by any means (electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise) without the written permission of both the copyright owner and the author of the book. WRR Verkenningen 18 - 3 07-04-2008 13:08 Pagina 5 contents contents Preface 11 Executive
    [Show full text]
  • Structural Theory of Thermoeconomics - Luis Serra and César Torres Cuadra
    EXERGY, ENERGY SYSTEM ANALYSIS AND OPTIMIZATION – Vol. II - Structural Theory of Thermoeconomics - Luis Serra and César Torres Cuadra STRUCTURAL THEORY OF THERMOECONOMICS Luis Serra and César Torres Cuadra University of Zaragoza, Spain Keywords: thermoeconomics, analysis of energy systems, exergy, average cost, marginal cost, productive structure, structural theory Contents 1. Introduction 2. Marginal Costs 2.1. Characteristic Equations 2.2. General Equation of Marginal Cost 2.3. Generalized Fuel Impact 2.4. Lagrange Multipliers and Marginal Costs 3. Structural Theory of Thermoeconomics 3.1. Linear Model of Characteristic Equations 3.2. Average and Marginal Costs 4. Structural Theory as Standard for Thermoeconomics 4.1. Structural Theory and Exergy Cost Theory 4.1.1. Structural Theory and the Fuel–Product Model 4.2. Structural Theory and Thermoeconomic Functional Analysis 5. Applications 5.1. Local Optimization 6. Closure Glossary Bibliography Biographical Sketches Summary Characteristic equations and average and marginal costs are analyzed in this article. As a consequence the structural theory is a general mathematical formalism either for thermoeconomicUNESCO cost accounting and/or optimization– EOLSS methods, providing a common basis of comparison among the different thermoeconomic methodologies, which could be considered the standard formalism for thermoeconomics. The cost calculationSAMPLE method of the struct CHAPTERSural theory is based on the rules of mathematical derivation applied to a set of characteristic equations that determine the thermoeconomic model. In this way, as more physical and realistic information is contained in the characteristic equations, more physical significance will be contained in the costs obtained. 1. Introduction During the three decades from 1972 to 2002 various thermoeconomic methodologies have been developed.
    [Show full text]
  • Technology, Development and Economic Crisis: the Schumpeterian Legacy
    CIMR Research Working Paper Series Working Paper No. 23 Technology, development and economic crisis: the Schumpeterian legacy by Rinaldo Evangelista University of Camerino Piazza Cavour, 19/F, 62032 Camerino (IT) +39-0737-403074 [email protected] June 2015 ISSN 2052-062X Abstract This contribution aims at highlighting the complex, non-linear and potentially contradictory nature of the relationships between technological progress, economic growth and social development, in particular within the context of market based economies. The main (provocative) argument put forward in the paper is that the recent neo-Schumpeterian literature, while providing fundamental contributions to our understanding of innovation, has contributed to the rising of a positivistic reading of the relationship between technology, economy and society, with technology being able to guaranty strong economic growth and (implicitly) social welfare. This is confirmed by the fact that, contrary to other influential heterodox economic schools and Schumpeter himself, in the recent neo- Schumpeterian literature technology is only rarely associated to macroeconomic market failures such as systemic crises, structural unemployment, and the growth of social and economic inequalities. It is also argued that the emergence of a “positivistic bias” in the neo-Schumpeterian literature has been associated to the dominance of a supply-side and micro-based view of the technology-economy relationships. Key words: Technology, Innovation, Schumpeter, Development, Crisis JEL codes: B52, O00, O30. 2 1. Introduction There is no doubt that the last economic crisis, with its depth, extension and length, could have, at least in principle, the potentiality of shaking at the fundamentals the dominant neo-liberal economic thinking and policy framework.
    [Show full text]
  • Download Special Issue
    Advances in Astronomy The Solar Cycle Guest Editors: J. Javaraiah, J. P. Rozelot, and Luca Bertello The Solar Cycle Advances in Astronomy The Solar Cycle Guest Editors: J. Javaraiah, J. P. Rozelot, and Luca Bertello Copyright © 2012 Hindawi Publishing Corporation. All rights reserved. This is a special issue published in “Advances in Astronomy.” All articles are open access articles distributed under the Creative Com- mons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Editorial Board Cesare Barbieri, Italy Martin Hardcastle, UK Valery Nakariakov, UK Joshua S. Bloom, USA Dean Hines, USA Jerome Orosz, USA Michael Brotherton, USA Dieter Horns, Germany George Pavlov, USA Giovanni Carraro, Italy Ivan Hubeny, USA Juri Poutanen, Finland Alberto J. Castro-Tirado, Spain John Hughes, USA Somak Raychaudhury, UK Michael Disney, UK Wing Huen Ip, Taiwan William Reach, USA Elmetwally Elabbasy, Egypt Valentina Klochkova, Russia Peter Roming, USA Nye Evans, UK Gregory Laughlin, USA Ata Sarajedini, USA Maurizio Falanga, Switzerland Myung G. Lee, Republic of Korea Regina Schulte-Ladbeck, USA Duncan Forbes, Australia Karen Leighly, USA Ravi Sheth, USA Andrew Fruchter, USA Jeffrey Linsky, USA Roberto Turolla, Italy B. T. Gansicke,¨ UK Mario Mateo, USA Gary Wegner, USA Paul Goldsmith, USA Ronald Mennickent, Chile Glenn J. White, UK Jonathan Grindlay, USA Zdzislaw E. Musielak, USA Paul J. Wiita, USA Contents The Solar Cycle,J.Javaraiah,J.P.Rozelot,andLucaBertello Volume 2012, Article ID 470631, 2 pages The Faint Young Sun Paradox: A Simplified Thermodynamic Approach, F. Angulo-Brown, MarcoA.Rosales,andM.A.Barranco-Jimenez´ Volume 2012, Article ID 478957, 10 pages Tendency of Discreteness of the Solar Amplitude and Intercycle Relatedness, Akio Yoshida and Ryan Sayre Volume 2012, Article ID 519852, 7 pages Rapid Disappearance of Penumbra-Like Features near a Flaring Polarity Inversion Line: The Hinode Observations, B.
    [Show full text]
  • Changing Money: Communities, Longer Term Finance and You Transcript
    Changing Money: Communities, Longer Term Finance and You Transcript Date: Tuesday, 16 November 2010 - 12:00AM Location: Museum of London Changing Money: Communities, Longer Term Finance and You Ian Harris, Z/Yen Group 16/11/2010 Good evening Ladies and Gentlemen. I am honoured to have been invited to deliver this third and final guest Gresham Lecture in the "Beyond Crisis" series. This lecture is entitled "Changing Money: Communities, Longer Term Finance & You". Cattle and Pens [SLIDE: OMO VALLEY COMMUNITY SCHOOL] When my partner, Janie, and I travel in the developing world, it has long been our habit to take a healthy supply of basic, ball- point pens with us to give as gifts to children as a small contribution towards their education and therefore development. We are old hands at this now - we learnt many years ago that simply handing pens to children at random is not an educational gift at all, but a gift akin to money. The ball-point pen is a valuable commodity which can be exchanged for other more instantly gratifying items, such as sweets. Or perhaps even cash. In recent years, we have preferred to give the pens through schools, where we are more confident that the teachers will ensure that the children actually use the pens themselves for educational purposes. When we went to Ethiopia a few years ago, we 'struck gold' in a Karo village in the South Omo Valley. The Government had just built the village its first school, which was due to open later that year. But the Government had run out of money for this project before providing consumables for the school.
    [Show full text]
  • An Alternative Methodological Approach to Value Analysis of Regions, Municipal Corporations and Clusters
    ACTA UNIVERSITATIS AGRICULTURAE ET SILVICULTURAE MENDELIANAE BRUNENSIS Volume LIX 35 Number 4, 2011 AN ALTERNATIVE METHODOLOGICAL APPROACH TO VALUE ANALYSIS OF REGIONS, MUNICIPAL CORPORATIONS AND CLUSTERS M. Sabolovič Received: March 8, 2011 Abstract SABOLOVIČ, M.: An alternative methodological approach to value analysis of regions, municipal corporations and clusters. Acta univ. agric. et silvic. Mendel. Brun., 2011, LIX, No. 4, pp. 295–300 The paper deals with theoretical conception of value analysis of regions, municipal corporations and clusters. The subject of this paper is heterodox approach to sensitivity analysis of fi nite set of variables based on non-additive measure. For dynamic analysis of trajectory of general value are suffi cient robust models based on maximum entropy principle. Findings concern explanation of proper fuzzy integral – Choquet integral. The fuzzy measure is represented by theory of capacities (Choquet, 1953) on powerset. In fi ne, the conception of the New integral for capacities (Lehler, 2005) is discussed. Value analysis and transmission constitutes remarkable aspect of performance evaluation of regions, municipal corporations and clusters. In the light of high ratio of so variables, social behavior, intangible assets and human capital within those types of subjects the fuzzy integral introduce useful tool for modeling. The New integral a erwards concerns considerable characteristic of people behavior – risk averse articulated concave function and non-additive operator. Results comprehended tools enabling observation of synergy, redundancy and inhibition of value variables as consequence of non-additive measure. In fi ne, results induced issues for future research. powerset, fuzzy integral, Choquet integral, New intergral for capacities, non-additive measure A general theoretical approach to value analysis of value is assigned to thermoeconomics in of particular crisp set of discrete value variables of general.
    [Show full text]
  • The Worst Innovation Mercantilist Policies of 2015
    The Worst Innovation Mercantilist Policies of 2015 BY NIGEL CORY | JANUARY 2016 Innovation is the central driver of growth. As a result, an increasing Countries that number of countries are seeking to become innovation leaders. use “innovation Unfortunately, as the global race for innovation leadership intensifies, mercantilist” policies think that prosperity many countries choose policies grounded in “innovation mercantilism”: a occurs by using strategy that seeks prosperity through the use of protectionist and trade- protectionist and trade distorting policies to expand domestic technology production. These distortionary policies policies often have misguided and short-sighted “beggar-thy-neighbor” to expand domestic production and aims of replacing imports with domestic production or unfairly promoting exports of high-tech exports. Accordingly, the global economic system has become increasingly goods and services. distorted over the last decade as more and more nations adopt innovation mercantilist policies to support domestic firms, including forced local production, forced technology transfer, and intellectual property theft. These innovation mercantilist practices do not just damage other economies; they damage the entire global innovation system, leading to less overall innovation and productivity growth. Moreover, they often do not even help the countries embracing the practices, particularly over the long run; instead, mercantilist policies lead them to neglect the greater opportunity to spur growth by raising the productivity of all sectors, not just a few high- tech ones. This third annual report documents what the Information Technology and Innovation Foundation (ITIF) believes to be the 10 worst innovation mercantilist practices proposed, INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY & INNOVATION FOUNDATION | JANUARY 2016 PAGE 1 drafted, or implemented in 2015.
    [Show full text]
  • TEACHING MODULE for ENGLISH for SPECIFIC PURPOSES
    TEACHING MODULE for ENGLISH FOR SPECIFIC PURPOSES Compiled By Bertaria Sohnata Hutauruk Only for our classroom instructions (Very restricted use) FKIP UHN PEMATANGSIANTAR 2015 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT This binding is a result of compilation from the authentic material from the webs. It is a result of short browsing. The aim is to provide a suitable module for our ESP classroom sessions in the first semester of the 2011/2012 academic year in our study program. This module consists of some lessons for the concept of ESP, some lessons for ESP lesson plans used abroad and in Indonesia, ESP for some school levels, and ESP for Academic Purposes and for Occupational Purposes. The main teaching objective in our classroom is to provide the students with the competence on designing a good lesson plan to teach ESP for academic purposes and occupational purposes at any level according to its context. We fully intend that this binding is only to facilitate some compiled authentic materials from the webs for our ESP Classroom instructions. By this opportunity, we would like to extend our sincere thanks all the authors of the materials and the websites which publish them. May God the Almighty bless them all! Medan-Pematangsiantar, September 2015 The Authors, Bertaria Sohnata Hutauruk TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGEMENT…………………………………………………………… TABLE OF CONTENTS…………………………………………………………….. Lesson 1 Introduction………………………………………………………………………….. Lesson 2 ESP AND ESL………………………………………………………………………. Leson 3 ESP Course at Technical Secondary Vocational School for Construction and Building Trade students………………………………………. Lesson 4 ESP Vocabulary Teaching at the Vocational Secondary School of Furniture Industry………………………….. Lesson 5 ESP International Sample lesson plan........................................................................... Lesson 6 ESP Lesson Plan in Indonesia………………………………………………………..
    [Show full text]
  • Historical and Critical Review on Biophysical Economics 1
    July 21, 2016 9:55 WSPC/S1793-0480 204-BRL 1630001 Biophysical Reviews and Letters Vol. 11, No. 2 (2016) 63–86 c World Scientific Publishing Company DOI: 10.1142/S1793048016300012 Historical and Critical Review on Biophysical Economics Yekbun Adig¨uzel Department of Biophysics, School of Medicine Istanbul Kemerburgaz University Kartaltepe Mah. Incirli Cad. No:11 Bakirkoy, Istanbul, Turkey [email protected] Received 18 March 2016 Revised 25 April 2016 Accepted 3 May 2016 Published 21 July 2016 Biophysical economics is initiated with the long history of the relation of economics with ecological basis and biophysical perspectives of the physiocrats. It inherently has social, economic, biological, environmental, natural, physical, and scientific grounds. Biological entities in economy like the resources, consumers, populations, and parts of production systems, etc. could all be dealt by biophysical economics. Considering this wide scope, current work is a “biophysical economics at a glance” rather than a comprehensive review of the full range of topics that may just be adequately covered in a book-length work. However, the sense of its wide range of applications is aimed to be provided to the reader in this work. Here, modern approaches and biophysical growth theory are pre- sented after the long history and an overview of the concepts in biophysical economics. Examples of the recent studies are provided at the end with discussions. This review is also related to the work by Cleveland, “Biophysical Economics: From Physiocracy to Ecological Economics and Industrial Ecology” [C. J. Cleveland, in Advances in Bioeconomics and Sustainability: Essay in Honor of Nicholas Gerogescu-Roegen,eds.
    [Show full text]
  • Economics Paper 15: Innovation and Research Strategy for Growth
    BIS ECONOMICS PAPER NO. 15 Innovation and Research Strategy for Growth DECEMBER 2011 BIS ECONOMICS PAPER NO. 15 Innovation and Research Strategy for Growth DECEMBER 2011 Table of contents Acknowledgements v Table of contents i List of tables and figures vi Foreword ix Overview and policy implications 1 Rethinking innovation 1 Rethinking the policy approach 4 1. Innovation as a Key Driver of Economic Growth 7 The central role of innovation in growth theory 8 The Schumpeterian approach 8 Neoclassical exogeneous growth models 8 Neoclassical endogeneous growth models 9 The evolutionary approach 10 Innovative activities as a source of business productivity growth 10 Data sources and model 10 Key findings 12 The multi-dimensional nature of innovative activities 12 NESTA’s Innovation Index and surveys 13 Case studies 16 Innovation as a source of economic growth 17 Growth accounting 17 Research and Development in econometric studies 20 Measurement issues 21 Conclusion 21 2. How Innovation Happens 23 Changing views of innovation 24 From linear to complex models of innovation 24 Innovation research outcomes 25 Basic components of the innovation system 28 Institutional structures 29 Administrative and regulatory frameworks 29 Education and R & D capabilities 29 Physical and knowledge infrastructures 30 Modes of innovation 30 Radical and incremental innovation 30 User-led innovation 31 i Innovation and Research Strategy for Growth The UK innovation system 32 Salient UK features 33 The global innovation landscape 38 Comparisons with leading innovation systems 40 Global competition and collaboration 43 The emergence of new scientific hubs 43 Capturing value in global chains 43 Global partnerships 45 Sourcing knowledge 48 Towards a framework for policy 51 Market failures 51 System failures 52 Conclusion 53 3.
    [Show full text]
  • Thermoeconomics
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Research Papers in Economics THERMOECONOMICS A Thermodynamic Approach to Economics John Bryant Third Edition Electronic Version Chapter 9 © VOCAT International Ltd 2012 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise without the prior permission of the publisher. Published by VOCAT International Ltd 10 Falconers Field Harpenden Herts AL5 3ES UK Third Edition ISBN 978-0-9562975-3-2 The electronic versions of the book chapters are made available free on the website www.vocat.co.uk for personal and educational use only by interested readers. While the author has made every effort to be diligent and accurate in his researches, he cannot be held responsible for the use that readers may make of his work, and they should satisfy themselves as to logic and veracity of the conclusions drawn. Citation for the book: John Bryant. ‘Thermoeconomics – A thermodynamic approach to economics’, VOCAT International Ltd, 2011. ISBN 978-0-9562975-3-2 Contents Preface 1 Introduction 1 1.1 Historical Research 2 1.2 Economics and the Ideal Gas 6 2 Stock and Flow Processes 17 2.1 General Stock Model 19 2.2 Monetary Stock Model 31 2.3 Labour Sector 34 2.4 Stocks of Economic Output 40 2.5 Resource Stocks 46 2.6 Environment Waste Stocks 48 3 Thermodynamic Principles 50 3.1 First Law of Thermodynamics 50 3.2 Second Law of
    [Show full text]