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June 25, 1992 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 16497 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS U.S. POLICY TOW ARD THE MIDDLE Hussein's invasion of Kuwait. An historically the Peace Process. Let me comment briefly EAST unprecedented coalition responded forcefully on where we stand in this process. and successfully in reversing that aggression In the bilateral negotiations, the parties and in preventing Iraq from threatening or have resolved many procedural questions and HON. LEE H. HAMILTON coercing its neighbors. have begun to put substantive issues on the OF INDIANA In partnership with Russia, we have been table. Israel and the Arabs, including the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES able to bring Israel and all her immediate Palestinians, are all engaging on the basic issues of land, peace and security which form Thursday, June 25, 1992 Arab neighbors-Syria, Lebanon, Jordan and Palestinians-together, for the first time the nexus of these negotiations. Mr. HAMILTON. Mr. Speaker, I would like to ever in an historic peace process, to nego­ Israel and the Palestinians are focussing bring to the attention of my colleagues a tiate a comprehensive settlement of their directly on the central issue of interim self­ speech Edward P. Djerejian, Assistant Sec­ long-standing disputes in direct, face-to-face government arrangements for the Occupied retary of State for Near East and South Asian negotiations based on UNSC Resolutions 242 Territories as a first, transitional step along the path to a permanent settlement of their Affairs, delivered June 2, 1992 to the Meridian and 338. Further, the United Nations has taken an dispute, which will be resolved in final status House in Washington, DC. increasingly active and positive role in en­ negotiations. This speech provides a useful survey of forcing the principles of its charter. Just While major gaps remain between the re­ United States policy goals with respect to the this weekend, we have seen the U.N. Secu­ spective positions of the parties, the Arab-Israeli peace process and Persian Gulf rity Council enact Chapter Seven sanctions bilaterals between Israel and Syria, Lebanon security and stability and states United States against Serbia and Montenegro following-in and Jordan have begun down the path of seri­ support for human rights, pluralism, women's Secretary Baker's words-the "humanitarian ous negotiations aimed at defining possible and minority rights, and popular participation nightmare" in Bosnia-Hercegovina, where areas of agreement and at narrowing dif­ many people, including Muslims, have been ferences, through compromise, where dis­ in government, and our rejection of extremism, agreement persists. oppression, and terrorism. brutally victimized by the continued war­ fare. And besides its many resolutions on This is the essence of the art of negotia­ In this regard, Assistant Secretary Djerejian Iraq, the Security Council has shown it will tion, and it is the essence of the negotiating speaks to the issue of Islam and the West and not tolerate Libya's use of terrorism. In the process upon which the parties first em­ states: Near East and Maghreb, the United Nation's barked, seven months ago in Madrid. The United States Government does not activities extend from the Iraq and the Iraq/ Another major accomplishment has been view Islam as the next "ism" confronting Kuwait border to the Western Sahara. the beginning of the multilateral phase of the West or threatening world peace. That is And within the ancient lands of the Near the peace process. As a result of closely co­ an over-simplistiC response to a complex re­ East, the rapid and fundamental change evi­ ordinated planning by the United States and ality . . . Simply stated, religion is not a dent elsewhere is also pressing people to see Russia, thirty-six countries, including eleven determinant-positive or negative-in the their own futures in a new light, and to re­ Arab states, gathered in Moscow in January nature or quality of our relations with other evaluate their relationships with other na­ to organize working groups on issues of re­ countries. Our quarrel is with extremism, tions, with their neighbors and with each gional concern, such as Economic Develop­ and the violence, denial, intolerance, intimi­ other in a particularly challenging manner. ment, the Environment, Refugees, Water Re­ sources, and Arms Control and Regional Se­ dation, coercion, and terror which too often U.S. GOALS IN THE NEAR EAST accompany it. curity. In mid-May, these working groups Amidst these changes, basic United States held their initial meetings in various cap­ Assistant Secretary Djerejian's thoughtful re­ foreign policy objectives remain consistent itals around the world. Follow-on meetings marks follow: and clear. Two major goals stand out: First, will convene later this year. THE UNITED STATES AND THE MIDDLE EAST IN we seek a just, lasting and comprehensive I just returned from Lisbon, where the A CHANGING WORLD: DIVERSITY, INTER­ peace between Israel and all her neighbors, multilateral steering committee met on May ACTION AND COMMON ASPIRATIONS including the Palestinians; and second, we 27th to coordinate the work of these working (Address by Edward P. Djerejian) seek viable security arrangements which groups. I can report that we had a successful will assure stability and unimpeded commer­ THE CONTEXT and productive meeting. The reports from cial access to the vast oil reserves of the the five working groups demonstrated again For over four decades the central char­ Arabian Peninsula and Persian Gulf. that all parties are approaching the issues acteristic of international relations was the These are not new goals, of course. We seriously and pragmatically, and we dichotomy between the Soviet Empire of dic­ have striven toward both for decades. What achieved agreement on the venues and time­ tatorial regimes and centrally-planned eco­ is new is the opportunity afforded us by re­ frame for the next round of working group nomics, and the Free World of democratic cent global and regional events to make real meetings to be held in the fall. These multi­ governments and market economies. Thus, progress toward achieving them. lateral talks support, rather than substitute the Cold War reverberated around the globe, Arab/Israeli Peace Process for, the bilateral negotiations, and we hope affecting virtually everyone, everywhere. that those bilateral parties who have so far Much of America's foreign policy, and that The first of these goals-the search for peace between Arabs and Israelis-has chal­ refrained from participating will join all of many ofther free nations, was either driv­ these important talks as soon as possible. en by, or a derivative of, our collective ef­ lenged every U.S. administration in the last four decades. In the Middle East, where war President Bush and Secretary Baker have forts to contain Soviet aggression and expan­ committed the United States to play the role sion. has at times seemed endemic, the road to achieving lasting peace through negotiation of an honest broker, a catalyst and a driving Today, East/West competition and conflict force to assure the continued progress of the over the future of Europe and the Third now stretches before us. And the first his­ toric steps forward have been taken. peace process in all its dimensions. We look World has been transformed. In the former forward with real hope to the continued dedi­ Soviet Union, new leaders are striving for We knew last autumn, before the first ne­ peaceful, democratic change as the only ef­ gotiations began in Madrid, that the path we cation and commitment to peace evinced had embarked on would not be an easy one. thus far by the regional parties and the fective road to sustainable economic and so­ international community. cial progress. Partnership has replaced con­ Fundamental and bitterly contested dif­ flict. A new mode of international coopera­ ferences separate the parties to the conflict. Gulf Security and Stability tion, which Secretary Baker has called "col­ Nevertheless, there have now been five A second major aspect of our Middle East lective engagement," is replacing the acri­ rounds of direct, bilateral talks between Is­ policy is our shared interest in the security monious competition of the Cold War. raelis and Arabs, and a sixth round is being and stability of the Persian Gulf. We all This sea change in world politics has had a planned for a venue closer to the region­ know that the countries of the Arabian Pe­ profound effect in the Near East: namely, Rome. In addition, we have worked ninsula are located in a dangerous neighbor­ An early example of the new "collective closely with our Russian partners in this en­ hood, and confront risks to their sovereignty engagement" was the response to Saddam deavor to launch the multilateral phase of and independence. Stability in the Gulf is

•This "bullet" symbol identifies statements or insertions which are not spoken by a Member of the Senate on the floor. Matter set in this typeface indicates words inserted or appended, rather than spoken, by a Member of the House on the floor. 16498 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 251 1992 vital, not only to our own national interest From our view, the normalization of rela­ Uncertainty regarding this renewed Is­ but also to the economic security of the tions with Iran depends on several factors, lamic emphasis abounds. Some say that it is whole World. particularly an end to support for terrorism. causing a widening gap between Western val­ Arabian Peninsula Iran's role in the freeing of American hos­ ues and those of the Muslim world. It is im­ In February, I visited the countries which tages held in Lebanon was an important portant to assess this phenomenon carefully, are members of the Gulf Cooperation Coun­ step. We hope this will lead to the release of so that we do not fall victim to misplaced cil. In all my conversations with their lead­ all those being held outside the judicial proc­ fears or faulty perceptions. ers and government officials, I stressed the ess, regardless of nationality, and that this A cover of a recent issue of "The Econo­ need for individual self-defense, and for col­ signals the permanent cessation of hostage­ mist" magazine headlined its main story lective defense planning and arrangements taking. " Living With Islam" and portrayed a man in among the six GCC states-Saudi Arabia, However, Iran's role in sponsoring terror­ traditional dress, standing in front of a Kuwait, Bahrain, Qatar, the United Arab ism continues in other ways that are deeply mosque, and holding a gun. Inside the maga­ Emirates and Oman-wtih the goal of disturbing. Iran's human rights practices, zine, we are told that " Islam Resumes its strengthening their ability to defend them­ and its apparent pursuit of a destabilizing March!" and that " one anti-western 'ism' is selves against external aggression. I also en­ arms build-up, including everything from growing stronger." If there is one thought I couraged security cooperation between the submarines to weapons of mass destruction, can leave with you tonight, it is that the Gulf States and their friends in the region. also remain matters of serious concern. Fur­ United States Government does not view Much work needs to be done in attaining this ther, Iran's policies toward its neighbors in Islam as the next "ism" confronting the goal. the Gulf, where we have vital interests, and West or threatening world peace. That is an At the same time, I assured the GCC lead­ in Central Asia need to be watched closely. overly-simplistic response to a complex re­ ers that the United States will cooperate Another serious problem is Iran's categoric ality. closely with them to meet their legitimate opposition to the Arab/Israeli peace process, The Cold war is not being replaced with a defense needs. This includes both the sales of and its support for those, like Hezbollah in new competition between Islam and the weapons within the context of the Presi­ Lebanon, who violently oppose it. West. It is evident that the Crusades have dent's Middle East Arms Control initiative, We have made clear from the outset, that been over for a long time. Indeed, the ecu­ and bilateral security arrangements such as we are prepared to engage in a dialogue with menical movement is the contemporary the periodic conduct of joint military exer­ authorized representatives of the Iranian trend. Americans recognize Islam as one of cises, the maintenance of an enhanced naval government to discuss these issues and U.S./ the world's great faiths; it is practiced on presence in the Gulf, and arrangements for Iranian relations. To date, the Iranian lead­ every continent; it counts among its adher­ the access and prepositioning of critical ership has declined to engage us in this dia­ ents millions of citizens of the United military materiel and equipment. I empha­ logue. States. As Westerners, we acknowledge sized that these bilateral efforts would com­ FUNDAMENTAL VALUES Islam as an historic civilizing force among plement, but not supersede, the Gulf States' the many that have influenced and enriched collective security efforts. I reiterated that Reviewing the main thrusts of our policy our culture. The legacy of the Muslim cul­ we do not intend to station ground troops in the Middle East reminds us that, even in ture which reached the Iberian Peninsula in permanently anywhere in the region. The the 1990's, our national security interests in the Eighth Century is a rich one in the purposes of both arms sales and collective se­ the region continue to exert a powerful Sciences, Arts and Culture, and in tolerance curity measures are to deter threats to our claim on our attention. But there is more to of Judaism and Christianity. Islam acknowl­ shared interests, and to raise the threshold our policy agenda than protection of vital re­ edges the major figures of the Judaeo-Chris­ of future requirements for direct U.S. mili­ sources and conflict resolution. Another pil­ tian heritage: Abraham, Moses and Christ. tary action. lar of U.S. policy is our support for human In countries throughout the Middle East Iraq rights, pluralism, women's and minority and North Africa, we thus see groups or rights and popular participation in govern­ movements seeking to reform their societies The most drastic threat to the security of ment, and our rejection of extremism, op­ the Gulf, and indeed of the whole region, has in keeping with Islamic ideals. There is con­ been Saddam Hussein's aggression against pression and terrorism. These worldwide is­ siderable diversity in how these ideals are his neighbors and against the people of Iraq. sues constitute an essential part of the foun­ expressed. We detect no monolithic or co­ Here, the collective engagement of the inter­ dation for America's engagement with the ordinated international effort behind these national community and our coalition part­ countries of the Near East-from the movements. What we do see are believers liv­ ners has been noteworthy in carrying out Maghreb to Iran and beyond. ing in different countries placing renewed UNSC resolutions. Saddam continues to In this context, there are certain factors emphasis on Islamic principles, and govern­ refuse to comply fully with these resolu­ which we should underscore in discussing ments accommodating Islamic political ac­ tions, which were passed by the Security U.S. relations with these countries: tivity to varying degrees and in different Council to ensure peace and security in the The first is diversity. Not only is this area ways. region. diverse within itself, so are our relations Political Participation Using "cheat and retreat" tactics, he has with the countries that make it up. This di­ versity requires not only that a clear sense For our part as Americans, we are proud of resisted dismantling his weapons of mass de­ the principles on which our country is found­ struction, including ballistic missiles and of our own values and interests guide our policy, but also that understanding and tol­ ed. They have withstood many severe chal­ the means to produce them, as mandated by lenges over more than two centuries. We Resolution 687. He refuses to end his repres­ erance be key factors in our dealings with other political cultures. know they work. We therefore are commit­ sion of the Iraqi people or to respect their ted to encouraging greater openness and re­ human rights as mandated by Resolution 688, The second point is interaction. U.S. rela­ tions with this part of the world are just the sponsiveness of political systems throughout and he is intentionally and systematically the World. depriving large populations in the north and latest chapter in a history of interaction be­ tween the West and the Middle East that is I am not talking here about trying to im­ south of Iraq of the basic necessities of life pose an American model on others. Each for the sake of hanging on to his own per­ thousands of years old. Our interaction spans political, economic, social cultural and mili­ country must work out, in accordance with sonal power. Clearly, he hopes to frustrate its own traditions, history and particular and outlast the will of the Security Council. tary fields. We should not ignore this total­ ity. circumstances, how and at what pace to We will enforce the U.N. sanctions fully. broaden political participation. In this re­ Saddam Hussein's regime has become more The third point is common aspirations. De­ spite obvious differences, we and the peoples spect, it is essential that there be real politi­ brittle and he is preoccupied by his quest for cal dialogue between government on the one survival. Clearly, the Iraqi people deserve of the Near East share important aspira­ tions, which I will touch on later. These hand, and the people and parties and other new leadership which will be representative institutions on the other. Those who are pre­ of the pluralistic nature of Iraqi society and common aspirations provide a promising foundation for future cooperation. pared to take specific steps toward free elec­ ready to live at peace with Iraq's neighbors. tions, creating independent judiciaries, pro­ Iran Islam and the West moting the rule of law, reducing restrictions Across the Gulf from our friends and allies Politics in the region has increasingly fo­ on the press, respecting the rights of minori­ lies the Islamic Republic of Iran, an impor­ cussed on the issues of change, openness, and ties, and guaranteeing individual rights, will tant country that can contribute to regional economic and social inequities. As part of a find us ready·to recognize and support their security if it chooses a constructive path. trend that predates the events I have re­ efforts, just as those moving in the opposite Iran knows that it has to do to be accepted counted, the role of religion has become direction will find us ready to speak candidly by the international community. Many hope more manifest and much attention is being and act accordingly. As Secretary Baker has that the recent Majlis election will lead to paid to a phenomenon variously labeled Po­ said: We best can have truly close and endur­ moderate policies. We share this hope, but litical Islam, the Islamic Revival or Islamic ing relations with those countries with actions must be the litmus test. Fundamentalism. which we share fundamental values. June 25, 1992 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 16499 Those who seek to broaden political par­ peace to a seemingly intractable conflict in love all over the globe. From the city of ticipation in the Middle East will, therefore, the region. We still have a long way to go be­ to the nations of India and Nigeria, Dr. Loving find us supportive, as we have been elsewhere fore these worthy efforts will have achieved distinguished himself as an international edu­ in the World. At the same time, we are sus­ success and before the other aspirations we pect of those who would use the democratic share are realized. We can get there through cator and community leader. process to come to power, only to destroy close engagement and constructive inter­ Dr. Alvin D. Loving was born in Chat­ that very process in order to retain power action between the United States and all the tanooga, TN, and educated in the Michigan and political dominance. While we believe in countries of the Near East region at all lev­ public schools. He received both a masters the principle of " one person, one vote," we els-government-to-government, group-to­ do not support " one person, one vote, one group, person-to-person and faith-to-faith. and doctorate degree from Wayne State Uni­ time." versity. He was the first African-American Let me make it very clear with whom we teacher in the Detroit public schools and the differ: We differ with those, regardless of SUPPORT FOR THE 27TH ANNUAL first African-American to become a full-tenured their religion, who practice terrorism, op­ SCOTTIE STAMPEDE RODEO professor at the University of Michigan in Ann press minorities, preach intolerance or vio­ Arbor. In addition, Dr. Loving was instrumental late internationally accepted standards of conduct regarding human rights; With those HON. TIM JOHNSON in establishing the University of the District of Columbia and the University of Michigan-Flint, who are insensitive to the need for political OF SOUTH DAKOTA in my hometown. pluralism; With those who cloak their mes­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES sage in another brand of authoritarianism; It was at the University of Michigan where I Thursday, June 25, 1992 With those who substitute religious and po­ first met Dr. Loving when I was a graduate litical confrontation for constructive en­ Mr. JOHNSON of South Dakota. Mr. Speak­ gagement with the rest of the World; With student. Throughout my undergraduate and those who do not share our commitment to er, I rise to express my support for the 27th graduate years of education, Dr. Loving was peaceful resolution of conflict, especially the annual Scottie Stampede Rodeo in Scotland, by far the best professor I ever had. With his Arab/Israeli conflict; And with those who SD. The South Dakota Legislature in its 67th enduring touch, Dr. Loving has played an im­ would pursue their goals through repression session enacted House Commemoration No. portant and integral part of my personal, or violence. 1042 which reads as follows: moral, and social formation. Dr. Loving both It is for just these reasons that we have HOUSE COMMEMORATION NO. 1042 such basic differences with the avowedly sec­ imparted knowledge to his students and also ular governments in Iraq and Libya. To the (A legislative commemoration, recognizing encouraged them to seek wisdom. extent that other governments pursue or and commending the 27th annual Scottie Stampede Rodeo) Dr. Loving's caring hand touched students adopt similar practices, we will distance our­ around the world. As a Fulbright professor in Whereas, the 27th annual Scottie Stampede selves from them, regardless of whether they 1955 and 1956, he worked with an American describe their approach in secular, religious Rodeo held Saturday and Sunday, August 8 or any other terms. Simply stated, religion and 9, 1992, is a great family oriented event team to assist Indian high school principals is not a determinant-positive or negative­ with talented cowboys from around the state and the Indian Ministry of Education. Later, in the nature or quality of our relations with and the nation coming to Scotland, South from 1960 to 1962, Dr. Loving was the dean other countries. Our quarrel is with extre­ Dakota, to compete for prize money, fame of students at the University of Nigeria, where mism, and the violence, denial, intolerance, and glory; and he also served as acting vice chancellor and intimidation, coercion and terror which too Whereas, after the rodeo on Saturday registrar when these posts were vacant. often accompany it. night, there will be a country western dance The facts bear that out. The United States at the Scotland City Hall that will be a great Recently, Dr. Alvin Loving passed away has good, productive relations with countries entertainment event; and after a long bout with Alzheimer's disease. I and peoples of all religions throughout the Whereas, the Scottie Stampede Rodeo does extend my heartfelt condolences to Dr. World, including many whose systems of an outstanding job in promoting and hosting Loving's family upon his passing and admire government are firmly grounded in Islamic this fine event: their courage coping with Alzheimer's. principles. Religious freedom and tolerance Now, therefore, be it commemorated, by are integral elements of our American na­ the Sixty-seventh Legislature of the State of Mr. Speaker, I am pleased, but also sad, to tional character and constitutional system. South Dakota That the Legislature con­ have this opportunity to honor the memory of Indeed, as much as any society, the Amer­ gratulates the people of Scotland, South Da­ this great man, Dr. Alvin D. Loving, Sr. The ican people understand the meaning of diver­ kota, for their outstanding celebration and memory of him, and those like him, who invites all South Dakotans to participate in sity and the virtues of tolerance. spanned the chasm of defeatism and igno­ CONCLUSION the 27th annual Scottie Stampede Rodeo on Saturday and Sunday, August 8 and 9, 1992, rance by working for a better community, a The broad policy goals of the United States better world, is an inspiration to us all. Dr. in the Near East region have been laid down in Scotland, South Dakota. by President Bush and Secretary Baker: I share the expressions of the South Dakota Alvin D. Loving, Sr., gave himself to the good Genuine peace between Israel and its Arab House of Representatives and extend my very of humanity, and I am honored to pay tribute neighbors; Enhancing security and deterring best wishes to all the proud citizens of the to him. or defeating aggression; Helping to protect Scotland area on yet another very successful the world's economic security; Promoting Scottie Stampede Rodeo. economic and social justice; and Promoting the values in which we believe. RULE ON H.R. 4318, THE MIS­ I believe these are aspirations in which the CELLANEOUS TARIFF peoples of the region-whether Muslim, Jew­ A TRIBUTE TO DR. ALVIN LOVING ACT OF ish, Christian or otherwise-can realistically 1992 share. Like us, they seek a peaceful, better HON. DALE E. KILDEE future. They aspire to work productively in peace and safety to feed, house and clothe OF MICHIGAN HON. DAN ROSTENKOWSKI their families; in which their children can be IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES OF ILLINOIS educated and find avenues to success; in Thursday, June 25, 1992 which they can have a say and can be con­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES sulted in how they will be governed; and in Mr. KILDEE. Mr. Speaker, I rise in great which they can find personal fulfillment and sadness today to urge Members to mourn the Thursday , June 25, 1992 justice. In this respect, the pursuit of viable loss of Dr. Alvin Demar Loving, Sr. There are economic and social development programs, some people you meet during your lifetime Mr. ROSTENKOWSKL Mr. Speaker, pursu­ privatization, and adequate educational and whose impact far exceeds the amount of time ant to the rules of the Democratic caucus, I vocational training opportunities, are key to you were able to spend with them. Dr. Alvin D. wish to serve notice to my colleagues that I responding to the basic material needs of the Loving was such a person. His loss is felt not have been instructed by the Committee on region's people. Working with an international community only by his friends and family, but by all who Ways and Means to seek less than an open of unprecedented solidarity, we have come a came into contact with him. rule for the consideration by the House of long way in the past few years in repelling Dr. Loving, a pioneer in education, has trav­ Representatives of H.R. 4318, the Miscellane­ aggression and in promoting a negotiated eled the world over to spread his wisdom and ous Tariff Act of 1992, as amended. 16500 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 25, 1992 TRIBUTE TO MS. RUTH HYMAN In addition to his broadcasting talents, Provide a counter to extremist propaganda Sherm was a dynamic and compassionate in­ disseminated by the Milosevic government HON. FRANK PAllONE, JR. dividual who was fond of the arts and lit­ that plays on Serb fears of external domina­ erature. His wit and warmth endeared him to OF NEW JERSEY tion. countless Rhode Islanders and he nurtured a Provide a platform for moderate but isolated IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES vast array of rich friendships which lasted all Serbian political figures and groups by assist­ Thursday, June 25, 1992 his life. ing them in building an agenda and a constitu­ Mr. PALLONE. Mr. Speaker, on Sunday, The popular 1940's Ross Parker/Hughie ency for reconciliation and democratization. June 28, 1992, the Hadassah of Long Branch, Charles song, "We'll Meet Again" became his Bring together moderate Serb, Croat, and NJ, will pay tribute to Ms. Ruth Hyman by pre­ daily show signoff trademark. Indeed, the other ethnic representatives to begin a public senting her with their annual Ima Award. lyrics seemed to speak directly from Sherm's exploration of the means toward eventual rec­ Ima, the Hebrew word for mother, symbol­ heart: They went like this: onciliation and cooperation among the succes­ izes the loving certainty of hope, happiness, We'll meet again, don't know where, don't sor states of the former Yugoslavia. and citizenship in Israel which has been as­ know when. But I know we'll meet Amplify the responsible, democratic ele­ sured for a homeless child. Hadassah's gra­ again some sunny day. ments of largely suppressed but still-extant Keep smiling through, just like you always cious gift will provide for a year's maintenance do, till the blue skies chase the dark independent print media in the former Yugo­ and education for youth Aliyah-the Hebrew clouds far away. slavia. term for immigration to Israel by anyone from So won't you please say Hello to the folks Events of the last few years elsewhere in the Jewish Diaspora. that I know, tell them I'll be along. Eastern and Central Europe, have dem­ Ms. Hyman has been extremely active in They'll be happy to know that when you saw onstrated that the dissemination of truthful, Hadassah, where she is a life member, and me go, I was singing this song. credible information and analysis by Radio has devoted much of her time and energy to We'll meet again, don't know where, don't Free Europe has played a significant role in efforts on behalf of others. She is a member know when peaceful, democratic transformation. I there­ But I know we'll meet again some sunny of the Congregation Brothers of Israel of day. fore call on my colleagues to support this res­ Elberon, NJ, where her father was charter olution and join me in calling for Radio Free Here's to you Sherm, until we meet again. member and her mother was a founder of the Europe to begin an immediate broadcast to Gemilith Hessed. Ms. Hyman has given gener­ this war-torn region. ously of her time and energy as a benefactor BROADCASTING RADIO FREE EU- to the Jewish Community Center in Deal, NJ, ROPE TO THE SUCCESSOR TRIBUTE TO ANDREW L. HAYNES and through her involvement in Amit, Deborah, STATES OF YUGOSLAVIA B'nai B'rith Women and the Central New Jer­ sey Jewish Home for the Aged. In 1975, she HON. DANTE B. FASCEil HON. FRANK PAilONE, JR. was presented with the Ben Gurion Award in OF FLORIDA OF NEW JERSEY recognition for her exemplary and steadfast IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES commitment to Israel and the Jewish commu­ Thursday, June 25, 1992 Thursday, June 25, 1992 nity. She was named Hadassah's Woman of the Year in 1978. Mr. FASCELL. Mr. Speaker, today, I am in­ Mr. PALLONE. Mr. Speaker, on Wednes­ Mr. Speaker, in light of the tireless efforts troducing a resolution calling for Radio Free day, July 1, 1992, Mr. Andrew L. Haynes will and demonstrated concern and compassion Europe [RFE] to immediately commence be honored upon the occasion of his retire­ that has earned her the respect and admira­ broadcasting to the successor states of Yugo­ ment as principal of Long Branch, NJ, High tion of her community, it is my pleasure and slavia. School. privilege to join Long Branch Hadassah in The violence and chaos in that unfortunate Being a Long Branch High School alumnus paying tribute to Ruth Hyman. corner of the world cannot be overstated. The myself, it is a special honor for me to be able ethnic warfare which has accompanied the to pay tribute to Mr. Haynes. Although he dissolution of the former Yugoslavia has came to Long Branch after I had graduated, I "UNTIL WE MEET AGAIN": A TRIB­ claimed nearly 20,000 lives and displaced have come to know and respect Mr. Haynes UTE TO SHERM STRICKHOUSER more than 1112 million people. And there as a great educator, as a man truly committed seems to be no end in sight to the warfare to helping every young person who has come HON. RONALD K. MACHTLEY and the carnage. through the high school. The reasons for this tragedy run deep in the Born in Knoxville, TN, Mr. Haynes received OF RHODE ISLAND history of the Balkans. Particularly in Serbia, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES his B.S. degree from Hampton University and the nationalist, formerly Communist leadership his M.A. degree from Rutgers University. Dur­ Thursday, June 25, 1992 under Slobodan Milosevic has set into motion ing the Korean conflict, Mr. Haynes served as a ruthless effort to try to unite as many Serbs Mr. MACHTLEY. Mr. Speaker, I rise today an officer in the U.S. Army. In August 1973, as possible within a greatly enlarged Serbia. to bid a final farewell to a legend of the radio Mr. Haynes became an assistant principal of This effort has been accompanied by a wide­ airwaves from my home of Rhode Island, who scale nationalist propaganda effort facilitated Long Branch High School, a post he held until passed away this week. The broadcasting ca­ by the virtual monopoly enjoyed by the Ser­ his promotion in February 1977 to the position reer of Sherman Allen Strickhouser, or Sherm, bian state-controlled media in most areas of of principal. as his audience called him, spanned 41 years, the Republic. But the manipulation of the For many years, Mr. Haynes has been ac­ and covered stints as a radio host at half a mass media for narrow nationalist aims is not tive in the Middle States Association of Col­ dozen radio stations around Rhode Island. a problem in Serbia alone-it is a characteris­ leagues and Schools. His proudest accom­ Sherm was affectionately known as the tic of many governments in the region. plishment with this group was his successful dean of Rhode Island and it was an The conflict among states of the former organization of the accreditation of Long appropriate label. Yugoslavia is being exacerbated by propa­ Branch High School, followed quickly by his Sherm's mastery of the airwaves-and his ganda and distorted news coverage dissemi­ successful organization of the monitoring and listeners-was legendary. Though certainly a nated by state-controlled media. Due to this full accreditation by the New Jersey State De­ gracious man and a respectful listener, he was propaganda and the control of the local media partment of Education. . also in possession of a sharp tongue and a by the government, the peoples of the Repub­ Mr. Haynes is an officer of the board of wicked wit. As any fan of talk radio in Rhode lics of the former Yugoslavia, Serbia in par­ trustees of CentraState Medical Center in Island could tell you, Sherm was not a man ticular, do not have access to objective, unbi­ Freehold, NJ. He is a member of the New who suffered fools gladly. Rather, he dedi­ ased reporting of the situation in the Balkans Hope Foundation Board of Trustees and is ac­ cated himself to elevating the discussion on or the outside world. tive in many church and civic organizations. his radio programs to a level of sophistication As an alternative to controlled domestic He has received many awards, including the and honesty not commonly found on the talk broadcast media, a surrogate service operated Community Service Award from the National radio airwaves any more. by RFE would: Association for the Advancement of Colored June 25, 1992 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 16501 People, the Long Branch High School Student bear a responsibility to see that Soviet Jews RAY JACOBS' COMMUNITY Council Award, the Service Award of the Na­ have a place to go. The possibility of ethnic vi­ SERVICE tional Honor Society, and the Administrator's olence and a rise in anti-Semitism make it Award of Kappa Alpha Psi Education Adminis­ very important that we assist Israel in accept­ HON. RONALD V. DELLUMS trators. ing and resettling Jews who are able to leave. OF CALIFORNIA A resident of Manalapan, NJ, Mr. Haynes The bill before us today does just that. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES and his wife Louella Fortson Haynes, a retired supervisor of social work, have been married I urge my colleagues to vote "yes" today on Thursday, June 25, 1992 for 38 years and have a son, Michael A. the foreign operations appropriations bill-in­ Mr. DELLUMS. Mr. Speaker, I rise to honor Haynes. Mr. Haynes enjoys choral and cluding the $3 billion in aid to Israel-and to the accomplishments of Mr. Ray Jacobs, a music, photography, travel, and reading. I support full aid for Israel in the months and true television pioneer, who is retiring from a hope he finds the time to enjoy these hobbies, years ahead. As we begin to support emerg­ career of broadcasting and community service as he has certainly earned a happy and re­ ing democracies in Eastern Europe and else­ that has spanned 49 years. Mr. Jacobs has warding retirement. where, we must also maintain our support for had a unique career because he has experi­ those nations that have successfully upheld enced all aspects of broadcast news, giving him a rare understanding of the what, where, IN SUPPORT OF AID TO ISRAEL democratic principles for decade after decade. None stand more prominently and proudly why, and who of news story. Mr. Jacobs is currently the director of ad­ than Israel. HON. EDWARD J. MARKEY ministration for KTVU-channel 2 and has OF MASSACHUSETTS been with the station since it went on the air IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES in 1958. He first joined KTVU as a news re­ porter, and was subsequently promoted to Thursday, June 25, 1992 HONORING PEARL S. BUCK'S lOOTH BIRTHDAY production manager. In the capacity as pro­ Mr. MARKEY. Mr. Speaker, how often do duction manager Mr. Jacobs was still seen by we hear these days about the sorry state of the viewing public as the host of "Editor's our democracy? About voters disenfranchised Forum." Simultaneously, Mr. Jacobs worked and turning out to vote in lower and lower HON. NICK JOE RAHALL II as director of news and special events, in numbers? OF WEST VIRGINIA 197 4 he was named operations manager and Maybe we should learn a lesson from IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES in 1978, was promoted to his current position abroad. In the United States' last Presidential as director of administration. election only 50.1 percent of the eligible cast Thursday, June 25, 1992 Mr. Jacobs' long illustrious career in tele­ votes. But on Tuesday an election was held in vision began in Albuquerque, NM, at KOS-TV a nation where 77.5 percent of all eligible Mr. RAHALL. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to in 1948. He was both a reporter in the field as adults voted-a turnout rate of more than 3 commemorate the 1Oath anniversary of the well as on-the-air. While at KOS-TV, he was out of 4. birth of famed author and West Virginian, part of their pioneering news unit that devel­ This election followed a campaign that was Pearl S. Buck. Ms. Buck was born in Hillsboro, oped Polaroid cameras for television news­ hotly contested and hard fought. And although WV, but was taken to China with her mission­ photo use. He also aided the engineering de­ over 1O percent of the electorate were recent ary parents when she was less than 4 months partment in the construction of a quick proc­ immigrants from a totalitarian state-many of old. During the next four decades of her life essing unit for the development of 16mm whom had never voted before in their lives­ she would divide her time between the United sound-on-film stock. the election was perfectly fair, without incident States and China. She attended boarding In the early 1950's, Mr. Jacobs was a news­ or any hint of impropriety. school for 1 year in Shanghai and the follow­ man at KJEO-TV in Fresno, CA. He served More amazing is that this election was held ing year entered Randolph-Macon Women's the community of Fresno with respect and sin­ in the Middle East-a region of the world that College in Virginia from which she graduated cerity, exemplifying a news style that ad­ is a downright desert for democracy. In the dressed each story with compassion and un­ in 1914. Middle East millions of people live without suf­ derstanding. frage, without civil liberties, without human Pearl Buck published her first novel entitled, As appreciation for his commitment to de­ rights. In this parched region democracy can "East Wind, West Wind" in 1930, but it was liver the best in news, Mr. Jacobs was award­ barely take hold-never mind survive and with her 1931 novel, "The Good Earth", that ed in 1983 the Best Media Coverage Award. prosper-except in one oasis. she won the hearts of American readers. This This award is very prestigious and recognizes That oasis for democracy, that home of novel earned her the Pulitzer Prize in 1932, the many talents of Mr. Jacobs. Undoubtedly, Tuesday's fair and free election, is, of course, and contributed to her winning the Nobel Prize Mr. Jacobs is humbled by the fact that his col­ Israel. This was the 13th since Israel became for Literature in 1938. Pearl Buck is the only leagues are aware of his many talents and be­ independent in 1948-and precious few have woman to capture both of these distinguished stowed upon him many awards and certifi­ been held elsewhere in the Middle East. honors. cates. Tuesday's elections in Israel did more than I would be remiss if I did not mention the demonstrate the deep roots of their democ­ Along with her other vast achievements, she fact that while Mr. Jacobs has worked at racy. Tuesday's elections were more than a was an advocate for the well-being of Asian KTVU-channel 2 the station has served the victory for the Labor party. Tuesday's elections children. She was a leader in paving the way bay area with distinction. Mr. Jacobs has were a victory for the Middle East peace proc­ for mixed-race adoptions with her adoption of made it his duty to produce a news program ess. 8 Asian children. In 1941, she founded Wel­ that is far more beneficial than most. KTVU­ Prime Minister-elect Yitzhak Rabin has com­ come House, an adoption agency for Asian­ channel 2, and Mr. Jacobs take the news very mitted himself to crafting a lasting, peaceful American children. seriously and understand that many of our so­ solution to the Palestinian-Israeli conflict. He Even though Pearl Buck spent many of her ciety's problems deserve greater treatment has demonstrated his willingness to take a than the short sound bite. I truly appreciate living years in China, she still referred to West fresh look at this centuries-old conflict. Mr. Jacobs' contribution in ensuring that Virginia as her homeland. She once said, If these measures will help lead to a lasting KTVU-channel 2 serves the entire community peace in the Middle East and a secure Israel. "Had I been given the choice of places for my by producing a thoughtful and honest news But Israel will not be able to make continued birth, I would have chosen exactly where I program. Mr. Speaker, I am sure that Mr. Ray progress on these fronts without the strong was born: my grandfather's large white house. Jacobs will be missed by my constituents and and stable backing of the United States. I should say West Virginia affected me very others throughout the bay area when he re­ For more than 40 years the United States much. I have a strong sense that there are my tires on June 27, 1992. has made the freedom of Jews in the Soviet beginnings." West Virginians are proud to call Mr. Speaker, having served myself in the Union one of our highest priorities. Now that Pearl S. Buck their own and to honor her on U.S. Congress for over 20 years, I understand their freedom is finally becoming a reality, we this day, the 1Oath anniversary of her birth. the joy that Mr. Jacobs' wife Joanne and his 16502 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 25, 1992 children Nancy, Michael, John, and Robert will Vacancies can be filled by temporary ap­ Punish crimes on the high seas and against experience once time will allow him to spend pointments by the Governors of the states international law. additional quality time with them. I am also followed by special elections. Declare war. The House of Representatives has the only Make rules concerning capture on land or sure that Mr. Jacobs looks forward to being power of impeachment. water. able to enjoy his hobbies, which include train­ Members of the House organize themselves Grant letters of Marque and Reprisal that ing and showing German shepherd dogs, and choose their Speaker. let a private citizen make arrests and seize automobiles, audio and video equipment, and THE SENATE booty as an official of the United States. working with computers. The Senate is made up of two Senators Raise armies, but money for them cannot Mr. Speaker, I am very proud to bring to the from each state. They are elected for six be for more than two years. attention of my colleagues the accomplish­ year terms. Provide and maintain a Navy. ments and career highlights of Mr. Ray Ja­ Originally they were chosen by state legis­ Organize, arm, and discipline state militias when they are serving the United States. cobs. I want to personally congratulate and lators. This was changed by the 17th amend­ ment to election by the people. Make all laws necessary to carry out these salute Mr. Jacobs on an outstanding career powers. and his outstanding public service to the bay A Senator must be 30, a citizen for nine THINGS CONGRESS CAN'T DO OR MUST DO area community. years, and a resident of the state he rep­ resents. The right of Habeus Corpus (you can't be The Vice-President presides over the Sen­ held in jail without a cause) cannot be sus­ RULE ON H.R. 11, THE REVENUE ate and votes if there is a tie. pended, except during rebellion, or when the The Senate chooses its own officer and one public safety requires it. ACT OF 1992 to preside when the Vice-President can't. No Bill of Attainder or Ex Post Facto law The Senate tries all cases of impeachment. shall be passed. A bill of Attainder convicts HON. DAN ROSTENKOWSKI A two-thirds vote is necessary to impeach. a person without a trial. An Ex Post Facto The Chief Justice of the Supreme Court OF ILLINOIS law makes something that was not a crime presides at the impeachment trial of the when it happened become a crime after the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES President of the United States. law was passed. Thursday, June 25, 1992 The only penalty for impeachment is bar­ There can be no head tax or income tax but ring from office, but the impeached person the 16th amendment changed this. It pro­ Mr. ROSTENKOWSKI. Mr. Speaker, pursu­ may be tried in regular courts. vided for an income tax. ant to the rules of the Democratic caucus, I State legislatures set up rules for electing No tax can be put on articles exported by wish to serve notice to my colleagues that I Senators and Representatives but Congress the states. have been instructed by the Committee on can change them. Congress can't favor one port over another. Ways and Means to seek less than an open Congress must meet once a year. Money can't be spent except by law and rule for the consideration by the House of The House passes on the qualifications of must be accounted for. its members. Representatives of H.R. 11, the Revenue Act No one gets a title of nobility from the A majority makes a quorum. United States. If you work for Uncle Sam of 1992, as amended. The Senate and House make their own and a foreign country wants to give you a rules and can punish or expel their members. title, Congress must OK it. The House and Senate shall keep a record CONSTITUTION IN SIMPLE of what they do. THINGS THE STATES CAN'T DO ENGLISH One fifth of the members can require a re­ Make treaties, alliances or federations. corded vote. Grant letters of Marque or Reprisal. Neither the House nor the Senate can ad­ Coin money or print paper money. HON. BARNEY FRANK journ for more than three days without Make anything but gold and silver pay­ OF MASSACHUSETTS agreement from the other. They cannot meet ment for debts. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES in any other place. Pass any Bill of Attainder or Ex Post The members of Congress shall be paid ac­ Facto law. Thursday, June 25, 1992 cording to law. Pass any law impairing contracts. Mr. FRANK of Massachusetts. Mr. Speaker, They cannot be arrested for most offenses Grant titles of nobility. one of the genuinely creative people I have while on the business of Congress. Tax imports or exports except to cover No member can be appointed to any office costs of inspection. met during my years as a Member of Con­ Tax ships coming into ports. gress is William D. Hersey, president of the which was created while he was in Congress or one in which the pay was raised while he Keep troops or ships of war in times of International Memory Training Institute, in Nor­ was in Congress. peace. ton, MA. Bill Hersey is a very interesting com­ No one who holds an office under the Unit­ Agree with another state or foreign power bination of idealism and pragmatism. He uses ed States can serve in Congress at the same to wage war. his considerable intellectual powers to apply to time. ARTICLE TWO: EXECUTIVE POWER the kind of problems that confront people liv­ Money-raising bills must start in the The President has executive power. The ing in this country, and he has a special inter­ House but the Senate can amend them. power to take action under laws. est in promoting good citizenship. Recently he Every bill, resolution, order, or vote on He and the Vice-President have the same showed me a copy of his "Constitution in Sim­ which both the House and the Senate have to four year term. agree must be sent to the President for sign­ They are elected by electors. ple English." I think Bill Hersey does his usual ing or veto but two-thirds can pass it over first-rate job in rendering the important prin­ See changes made by the 12th amendment. his veto. Congress can determine the election day. ciples of our Constitution in language that is If the President does veto it, two-thirds of The President must be a natural born citi- accessible to everybody and I insert this very the House and the Senate can pass it in spite zen of the United States, at least 35, and a useful document here: of his veto. If Congress adjourns before ten resident for 14 years. THE CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED STATES-­ days are up and he hasn't signed, it's auto­ See the 26th amendment for other rules. WHAT IT SAYS TO You IN SIMPLE TERMS matically vetoed. (This is a "pocket" veto.) His oath of office is spelled out in the Con­ Congress has the power to: stitution. ARTICLE ONE: THE CONGRESS Tax. Congess makes all laws. Pay debts. DUTIES AND POWERS OF THE PRESIDENT Congress is made up of two "houses". Provide for the defense and wel- The President is Commander in Chief of The House of Representatives and the Sen­ fare. the Army and the Navy and of State Militia ate. Borrow money. when they are in the service of the United Members of the House of Representatives Regulate commerce. States. are elected every two years. Make uniform rules for naturalization. He can require the opinion in writing from Members of the House must be 25 years of Make uniform rules for bankruptcies. the principal officers in each of the executive age and citizens for seven years. Coin money. departments regarding their duties. The number of members shall be in propor­ Fix standards of weights and measures. He can grant pardons or reprieves for of­ tion to the population. Punish counterfeiters. fenses against the United States but not for Direct taxes shall be in proportion to the Establish Post Offices. impeachments. population. (This was changed by the 16th Provide copyright and patent protection. He can make treaties with the consent of amendment-income tax) Set up courts below the Supreme Court. two-thirds of the Senate. June 25, 1992 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 16503 He can appoint judges, ambassadors, and ARTICLE SIX: THE CONSTITUTION SUPREME 22. The President can serve only two four many other government officials but they The Constitution is the supreme law of the year terms. must be confirmed by two thirds of the Sen­ land. 23. The residents of Washington D.C. got ate. Treaties made under the Constitution are the right to vote. If the Senate is not in session, he can make supreme also. 24. No more poll taxes. temporary appointments good until the end Judges in every state are bound by the 25. Gave new rules as to who shall become of the next session. Constitution no matter what the State Con­ He must report to Congress on the State of President in case he is disabled or dies. 1 stitution may say. the Union. All officers and legislators of the United 26. Anyone 18 years old or over can vote. He can call a special session of Congress. States and of all the states are bound by He can make recommendations to Con­ oath or affirmation to support the Constitu­ gress. tion. If they can't agree on when to adjourn he No religious test shall be required. AN INSPIRATION TO ALL CITIES-­ can decide it. That's what's in the original Constitution. MEDFORD, MA The President sees that all laws are faith­ I have omitted article seven because it no fully executed. longer applies and one or two other provi­ He recommends ambassadors and issues sions about slavery that no longer apply. HON. EDWARD J. MARKEY commissions. The Constitution was adopted and in force The President and all officers can be re­ March 4, 1789. Almost immediately ten OF MASSACHUSETTS moved from office by impeachment. This can amendments were made guaranteeing indi­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES be done for bribery, treason or other "high vidual rights. They are called "The Bill of crimes and misdemeanors". Rights". Gradually 16 more amendments Thursday, June 25, 1992 ARTICLE THREE: THE COURTS have been added. Mr. MARKEY. Mr. Speaker, On June 23, the The Supreme Court has the judicial power. THE BILL OF RIGHTS AND OTHER AMENDMENTS city of Medford, MA, and its mayor, the Hon. Congress sets up lower courts. 1. You have the right to speak, write, and Michael J. McGlynn, will be recognized by the Judges hold office during their good behav­ worship as you please. You have the right to ior. Their pay cannot be raised or cut during U.S. Conference of Mayors and the Century gather together and demand changes in what Council for its antidrunk driving program their terms. the government is doing to you. The judicial power covers all cases under 2. Since we must have well regulated known as Making A Pledge. I am proud to add the Constitution and the laws of the United armed forces to protect the security of a free my congratulations to the city of Medford for a States and its treaties. state, you have a right to bear arms. job well done. It also covers cases regarding: 3. The government can't force you to have Medford was selected to receive the Inspira­ Ambassadors. soldiers live in your house. Consuls. tion Award, one of eight awards being con­ 4. No one can enter or search your home ferred as part of the first annual National City Maritime law. without a warrant. Disagreements between the states. 5. You can't be charged with a crime unless Challenge To Stop Drunk Driving. Disagreements between citizens of dif- a grand jury says so. The National City Challenge recognizes our ferent states. You can't be tried twice for the same Nation's cities that develop and implement ef­ Disagreements between foreign countries crime. fective community-based solutions to address and citizens of states plus some special You can't be made to testify against your­ the problem of drunk driving. Programs such cases. self. In cases involving ambassadors, consuls, or Your property cannot be taken without as Medford's will be publicized by the U.S. a state, the Supreme Court handles it first. legal steps and proper payment. Conference and the Century Council as mod­ It gets into other cases only by appeal from 6. You have a right to a speedy and public els for other cities. a lower court. trial by jury where the crime happened. I have long been a supporter of programs There shall be a trial by jury in the state You have a right to know the charges on the national and State and local levels to where the crime was committed. against you. address one of the biggest problems on our Treason is making war against the United You have a right to face witnesses against States. It is also joining with its enemies in you, and you can make favorable witnesses Nation's highways and roads-the accidents giving them aid or comfort. (The Supreme testify for you. that result from mixing drinking and driving. Court has said that the war must be a de­ 7. If you sue for damages of more than Public awareness and education is an impor­ clared war). $20.00 you can have a trial by jury. tant step in bringing an end to the many need­ No penalty for treason can extend to the 8. If you are put in jail, your bail cannot be less tragedies that result from accidents family. too high or unreasonable. caused by those under the influence of alco­ ARTICLE FOUR: STATES RIGHTS, 9. The fact that the Constitution spells out hol. RESPONSIBILITIES, AND PROHIBITIONS certain rights doesn't mean that it denies any other of your individual rights. This innovative venture made by Medford in Each state has to respect the laws and their "Making a Pledge" campaign is a shining rules of every other state. 10. The states and the people have all pow­ The citizens of every state have the same ers not given to the United States by the example of a community working together to rights. Constitution or actually prohibited by the solve a common problem. The strong coalition Fugitives can be extradited. Constitution to the states. that is created in the "Making a Pledge" cam­ New states can be created by dividing or These are the 16 other amendments: paign involves an resourceful approach that combining existing states or out of Federal 11. Citizens of one state can't sue another state. brings together the strength and energy of territories. many of Medford's businesses, schools, hos­ This can only be done with the consent of 12. There must be separate ballots for President and Vice President. pitals, and law enforcement agencies. This Congress and the Legislatures of the states united endeavor to improve education, aware­ involved. 13. Slavery was abolished. All states are to enter the union on an 14. The state can't take away your rights. ness and enforcement of the drinking and driv­ equal basis. Your life, liberty, or property can't be taken ing problem takes action to address the drunk Congress makes all rules governing terri­ except by lawful methods. driving problem on all levels. 15. You have the right to vote no matter tories or property of the United States. I want to commend the U.S. Conference of The United States guarantees every state a what our race or color or even if you had been a slave. Mayors and the Century Council for recogniz­ republican form of government. ing the efforts of the Medford community in The United States protects the states from 16. The government can tax your income. invasion and from domestic violence, if re­ 17. Senators are to be elected by popular their attempt to deal with one of the most quested. vote. pressing public health problems facing our Na­ 18. The manufacture, use, and sale of alco­ ARTICLE FIVE: AMENDMENTS tion. I applaud their commitment to fighting the holic drinks was prohibited. drunk-driving crisis in our Nation, and am de­ Amendments to the Constitution can be 19. Women got the right to vote. proposed by two-thirds vote of the Congress. 20. This charged the date for inaugurating lighted to highlight Medford's "Making a Two-thirds of the state legislatures can call the President and made rules as to who Pledge" campaign and offer my congratula­ a convention and propose amendments. should take charge if he died or was disabled. tions to all of those whose dedication and en­ Three-fourths of the states must approve 21. Repealed the 18th amendment. Anyone ergy helped to bring about this national rec­ an amendment. over 21 can drink now. ognition by the U.S. Conference of Mayors. 16504 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 25, 1992 TRIBUTE TO JO AND GIDEON resenting 17 different Government agencies, clash of ironclad vessels. A new era is FREUD international officers from 40 friendly and allied seapower had dawned. nations, and college of continuing education Toward the end of the 19th century an ex­ graduates. It was an impressive class and I plosion in Havana Harbor signaled another HON. FRANK PALLONE, JR. turning point in our Nation's history. Admi­ OF NEW JERSEY wish them well in the days and years ahead. ral George Dewey at Manila Bay in the Phil­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES The speech I gave is set forth herein: ippines and Admiral W.T. Sampson at REMARKS OF CONGRESSMAN IKE SKELTON Santiago Harbor destroyed the naval power Thursday, June 25, 1992 INTRODUCTION of Spain. The United States had arrived as a Mr. PALLONE. Mr. Speaker, on Sunday, Congressman Reed and Mayor McKenna; world power with overseas interests requir­ June 28, 1992, Temple Beth El of Oakhurst, Secretary Middendorf, distinguished flag and ing a strong Navy. NJ, will honor two true community leaders, Jo general officers; guests and, most important, During the U.S. Navy con­ and Gideon Freud of Manalapan Township, families-let me thank you for the honor you voyed and transported hundreds of thousands do me by having invited me to address you of American soldiers and a vast quantity of NJ. Mr. and Mrs. Freud, who have been mar­ supplies across the Atlantic. Defeating the u­ ried for 26 years and have three children, today. Let me also thank Rear Admiral Joe Strasser for hosting my visit today. He is the boat threat was a crucial part of that effort. have certainly proved themselves worthy of kind of sailor at home on the sea or on cam­ After the war the focus of attention in the this honor by giving of themselves, their time, pus. A man of action and thought, he is a Navy shifted to the Pacific. Hawaii, the Phil­ their energy and talents. sailor-scholar, the kind of officer who in­ ippines, and China during the 1920's and Gideon Freud is an active member of Con­ spires by his example. I'm proud to call him 1930's all evoke a period of uneasy calm. gregation Sons of Israel, Manalapan, and is my friend. American naval gunboats sailed the great currently cochairman of the junior congrega­ The officers who graduate today well un­ rivers of China. The bombing by Japanese derstand the need for both operational expe­ aircraft of the U.S.S. Panay anticipated the tion. He is also involved with the Chabad bitter struggle that would be waged across House of Western Monmouth County. Mr. rience and education. This requirement was best expressed by the noted British soldier the Pacific a few years later. Freud was a member of the Monmouth Coun­ and author of the last century Sir William World War II for the United States began ty Jewish Federation board of directors and Francis Butler: "The nation that will insist at Pearl Harbor. Other places and names­ served on its allocations committee. For his upon drawing a broad line of demarcation be­ Coral Sea, Midway, Guadalcanal, North Afri­ past involvement in the United Jewish Appeal, tween the fighting man and the thinking ca, Sicily, Anzio, Normandy, Tarawa, Iwo he has been honored with both the UJA's man is liable to find its fighting done by Jima, and Saipan-made their way as impor­ fools and its thinking done by cowards." tant chapters in American naval history. Young Leadership Award and its Israel Bond After the Second World War the United Award. He is coowner of Atlantic TV and This is indeed a significant milestone in the career of each of you who is graduating States Navy participated in actions at dis­ Video, Inc., and Atlantic Paging Co., of Mon­ today, a day that brings to an end 10 months tant points across the globe-Korea, Leb­ mouth County. of hard work. One chapter in your life, in anon, Cuba, the Dominican Republic, Viet­ Jo Freud has been on the board of Jewish your military career, has ended but another nam, Grenada, and the Persian Gulf. Family and Children's Service since its incep­ is about to begin. GROWING AWARENESS OF JOINTNESS tion and currently serves as treasurer. She is THE NAVY CONNECTION The Goldwater-Nichols Act of 1986 did deeply dedicated to the resettlement of Soviet When I was a young boy I was led to be­ much to promote the concept of jointness­ Jews, and has developed a job bank for newly lieve that the First World War-the war to multi-service operations-among the four arrived immigrants and has worked closely end all wars as Woodrow Wilson described services. It formalized a development in with the Synagogue Adopt-A-Family Program. it-had been won by the U.S.S. Missouri of American military thought and practice that Mrs. Freud is or has been involved with Con­ that era. She had been part of the "great had evolved since the War of Independence. gregation Sons of Israel, the Monmouth Coun­ white fleet" that sailed round the world in The recent publication of joint pub 1, "Joint Warfare of the US Armed Forces" under­ ty Jewish Federation, the Southern Region of the first decade of this century. That cruise made the point that American naval might scores the efforts of the services to promote Women's American ORT, the 1993 Israel could penetrate any waters. My father served jointness. Campaigns in American history American Conference, and the Bayshore aboard her during World War I at the exalted cited by the joint pub 1 include the Battle of Women's Division of the Jewish Federation. rank of fireman second class. Though he Yorktown, Riverine operations in the Amer­ Like her husband, she has received numerous went on to become a successful trial lawyer ican Civil War, the Solomon Islands cam­ awards, including the UJA's Israel Bond after his brief naval career, he cherished his paign of 1942-44, Operation Overlord of June Award and the Humanitarian of the Year service aboard her the rest of his life. My fa­ 6, 1944, the Inchon landing during the Korean Award from Brandeis University Women. Jo ther's stories of his service in the great war conflict, and most recently Operation Desert Storm. Freud also finds time for song writing and may explain why I believed that the U.S.S. Missouri had won that war. During the 1980's the Navy had the image singing professionally, painting, designing jew­ He displayed his affection for the Navy a of a go-it-alone force. Its leaders both civil­ elry and she helped to develop the Jewish number of times in later years. I remember ian and military led the opposition to Gold­ Community Center's Kindervelt Program, that on one occasion he gave the main water-Nichols. It burned a lot of bridges-both where she teaches. speech in my home town of Lexington when within the Pentagon and across the Poto­ Mr. Speaker, it is indeed a pleasure to pay one of the cannons of the U.S.S. Constitution mac. tribute to Jo and Gideon Freud who, both as was dedicated in the town's principal park. The current leadership can be credited a couple and as individuals, have shown To think that this cannon had seen action with helping to overcome some of those dif­ ficulties it inherited. Admiral Kelso, the themselves to be outstanding leaders, rising to more than a century earlier at Tripoli and later during the War of 1812 stirred a young Chief of Naval Operations, has said, "That every task and inspiring others by their exam­ boy's imagination. the only way the Navy is ever going to oper­ ple. A BRIEF HISTORY OF AMERICAN SEAPOWER ate in the future is in the joint arena." In my humble opinion I think he is right on the Through him and his colleagues who had mark. If that message spreads down the SKELTON ADDRESSES NAVAL WAR served in the great war I developed a keen ranks, as it should, I believe that despite the COLLEGE GRADUATES appreciation of American military and naval difficulties of the present cuts, the Navy will history. You graduates today, know better emerge in good shape. than I, the history of American seapower; HON. IKE SKELTON how in many ways it can be used to trace THE IMPORTANCE OF STUDYING HISTORY OF MISSOURI this country's development. Allow me, now, to touch upon the impor­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES John Paul Jones, the Bon Homme Richard, tant task of educating our country's mili­ and the Revolutionary War give way to tary leaders. A first rate officer education Thursday, June 25, 1992 Thomas Jefferson, Stephen Decatur, and ex­ program-from ensign to admiral-will pre­ Mr. SKELTON. Mr. Speaker, I had the privi­ ploits in the Tripoli Harbor. One cannot pare today's military officers for tomorrow's lege of addressing the graduates of the U.S. think about the War of 1812 without recall­ challenges by providing them the most im­ ing the victory of the U.S.S. Constitution portant foundation for any leader- a genuine Naval War College Friday, the 19th of June. over H.M.S. Guierrere. That most devastating appreciation of history. I cannot stress this The class totals some 545 mid-grade and sen­ conflict of our history-the War Between the enough because a solid foundation in history ior officers of the Navy, Army, Marine Corps, States-included the exploits of David Farra­ gives perspective to the problems of the Air Force, Coast Guard and civilians rep- gut at New Orleans, Mobile Bay, and the present. And a solid appreciation of history June 25, 1992 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 16505 provided by such a program will prepare to­ fense budget by the middle of this decade. A The fault lines of international security day's military officers for the future, espe­ further cut of S50 billion over the next five are shifting in many directions. Eastern Eu­ cially those who decide to spend thirty years years has been recommended by the Presi­ rope has now become Central Europe; South­ in one of the services. They will become this dent as a result of events last August in Mos­ west Asia has given way to Central Asia. The country's future strategists. cow when the old Communist order finally continued utility of military force for good In brief, military officers should learn the collapsed. I believe the Secretary and his or evil has not been eliminated, nor have historical links of leadership, being well military advisors have put together a pretty principles of deterrence lost strategic rel­ versed in history's pivotal battles and how good plan, not perfect, but pretty good. But evance. But the non-military aspects of secu­ the great captains won those battles. Suc­ to readjust the plan every year in a dramatic rity-social, economic, political-will now cessful military leaders of yesteryear were fashion as some would have them do, is sim­ assume greater importance in the strate­ indebted to their military predecessors. ply more than we should do in light of the gist's appreciation of the forces at play. Stonewall Jackson's successful Shenandoah uncertainty of the world around us. CURRENT CHALLENGES Valley campaign resulted from his study of Those who would slash our military even Napoleon's tactics, and, Napoleon, who stud­ further than the planned 25 percent reduc­ The challenges that you will face in the ied Frederick the Great, once remarked that tion, while sincere and well-meaning, lack Navy, in the military, that we together face he thought like Frederick. Alexander the an understanding of history's lessons. Time here at home and in the world cannot be un­ Great's army provided lessons for Frederick, and time again, in this century we have fol­ derestimated. two thousand years before Frederick's time. lowed the dangerous and costly path of de­ One of the great challenges that you must The Athenian general, Miltiades, who won mobilization, disarmament, and unprepared­ meet will be the next war. Success some­ the Battle of Marathon in 491 B.C., provided ness, only to regret that course of action a times is seductive. The great victory won in the inspiration that also won the Battle of few short years later. the desert and the waters of the Persian Gulf El Alamein in 1942; the Macedonian, Alexan­ After the first world war we withdrew from last year cannot be allowed to contribute to der the Great, who defeated the Persians at world affairs and allowed our military to complacency in the years to come. Arbela in 331 B.C., set the example for the whither away. As a matter of fact, at the On an earlier occasion, after World War II, Roman victory at Pydna 155 years later. The time of the Fourth Naval Disarmament Con­ we became complacent. Strategic thinking English Bowmen who won Crecy in 1346 also ference of 1935 the seeds of the Second World atrophied after 1945. In the nuclear age many won Waterloo in 1815; Vandegrift, Halsey, War had already been sown. But we ignored believed that the ideas and thoughts associ­ Spruance, Bradley, Montgomery, or Mac­ the gathering storm and were caught unpre­ ated with classical military history and Arthur, who won battles in the 1940's might pared when it came. After our tremendous strategy had been rendered obsolete. well win battles a century or so hence. Thus, victory over Germany and Japan in 1945 we Maurice Comte de Saxe. the famous French I believe that every truly great commander once again cut our military. And once again, military analyst, noted that "few men oc­ has linked himself to the collective experi­ we were caught unprepared when war broke cupy themselves in the higher problems of ence of earlier great captains by reading, out in Korea less than five years later. war. They pass their lives drilling troops and believe this is the only branch of the mili­ studying, and having an appreciation of his­ If we go much more beyond cuts in force tory. structure already planned, we will end up in tary art. When they arrive at the command American military officers need a thor­ the same situation in which we have found of armies they are totally ignorant, and in ough understanding of military history that ourselves, after almost every other war we default of knowing what should be done­ reaches back over the ages. The seeds of fu­ have fought in our history-with a military they do what they know." ture American military victories can be force ill-prepared to fight. We should remem­ Doing what one knows, rather than what found by plowing deeply the fertile soil of ber the high cost of unpreparedness: Bataan should be done, is a problem which many military history. in 1941, the Kasserine Pass in 1942, Pusan in military commanders have faced throughout A military career includes a life long com­ 1950, and Desert One in 1980. This cost was history. It's a problem not unfamiliar to the mitment to self-development. It is a process paid by the blood of young Americans in Uni­ American military in the recent past. I of education, of study, of reading, and of form. Never again should we allow this to would contend that in Vietnam the Amer­ thinking that should continue throughout an happen. Let us learn from history rather ican military did what it knew-fighting the entire military career. Yes, tactical pro­ than repeat it. conventional war which it had fought in ficiency is very important, but so too is stra­ We still live in a dangerous and uncertain World War II and Korea-rather than know­ tegic vision. That can only come after years world. The kaleidoscope of the future is un­ ing what to do-fighting the Revolutionary of careful reading, study, reflection, and ex­ predictable: War in which it became engaged. It took ten perience. Those who finish their course of We were surprised by the signing of the years to put together a strategy to win the study at this institution should be aware of Non-Aggression Pact of August 23, 1939 be­ war. By that time it was too late. The pa­ the natural yardstick of 4,000 years of re­ tween the Soviet Union and Nazi Germany. tience of the American public had come to corded history. Thucydides, Plutarch, Sun The consequences were horrific; an end. Tzu, Clausewitz, Napoleon, Mahan and We were surprised by the attack of the Em­ The bitter experience of Vietnam, which Mackinder have much to offer those who will pire of Japan on naval forces of the United resulted from a loss of strategic vision, sent become tomorrow's future generals and ad­ States at Pearl Harbor in 1941; American military men back to the study of mirals. Today's officer corps must be made We were surprised by the onset of the cold war and military history. You here today are aware of this inheritance. war in 1946; the beneficiaries of this renewed interest in Winston Churchill put this idea in these We were surprised by the attack of North the study of war. For some of you, there has words: "Professional attainment, based upon Korea against the South in early summer of been much to catch up on. For all, however, prolonged study, and collective study at col­ 1950; this educational opportunity has meant ex­ leges, rank by rank, and age by age-those We were surprised when the Berlin Wall tensive reading, serious research, written are the title reeds of the commanders of the went up in August 1961 and surprised yet analysis, seminar discussions, and old fash­ f~ture armies, and the secret of future vic­ again when it went down in November 1989; ioned thinking. tories." We were surprised when Khrushchev tried You must not lose the ability to fight the A NOTE OF WARNING to put missiles in Cuba in the fall of 1962; big war. In light of last year's victory I am But in the midst of this celebration today, We were surprised by the fall of the Shah reasonably confident that you will maintain let me sound a note of warning. Major of Iran in 1979; this ability. At the same time, however, you George C. Marshall, the future World War II We were surprised by the attack of Iraq must devote more attention to the difficult Army Chief of Staff, noted in 1923 "The regu­ against Iran in the fall of 1980; problems posed by small wars-or to use the lar cycle in the doing and undoing of meas­ And most recently we were surprised by more current phrase, low intensity conflict. ures for the national defense." He observed the attack and occupation of Kuwait by Iraq. Over our short history we have had difficulty that, "We start in the making of adequate I mention these surprises because we really dealing with unconventional warfare-in the provisions and then turn abruptly in the op­ do not have a very good record for predicting late 1800's fighting the Indians, early this posi te direction and abolish what has just the future. century pacifying the Philippines, and then been done." Today, we are in the midst of The end of the cold war has been accom­ in Vietnam. making one of those changes in direction. panied by a resurgence of nationalism-in As I look close to our shores-Peru, Colom­ This is now the eighth year of real defense some places militant nationalism. This re­ bia, Haiti, the drug war-these are the kind budget cuts, and we know that more dra­ surgence poses a major challenge to the es­ of conflicts that will require more of our at­ matic reductions are in store. tablished political and economic order. The tention in the years to come. Secretary Cheney and General Powell disintegration of states-Yugoslavia, the So­ DIFFICULT DAYS crafted a plan almost two years ago that will viet Union, Ethiopia, maybe even Canada­ These next few years for those in the mili­ result in a twenty-five percent reduction in will generate conflict about the distribution tary will be difficult ones. As we reduce the the size of our forces and the size of the de- of assets. size of the services professional military edu- 16506 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 25, 1992 cation should not be forced to take its "fair HOUSE· CONCURRENT RESOLUTION straightjacket brought about by a protracted share" of the cuts. The fact is that smaller CALLING FOR FREE AND DEMO­ civil strife, a situation greatly exacerbated forces will have to be more capable forces. CRATIC ELECTIONS IN LEBANON since 1985 by economic sanctions imposed by That means continued high levels of training our own Government and which remain in and efforts to improve professional military HON. NICK JOE RAHALL II place today, and in doing so causing Leb­ education. Doing business in a joint fashion OF WEST VIRGINIA anon's social and human suffering to con­ will become even more necessary. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tinue-it is within all reasonable expectations The temptation to become discouraged will Thursday, June 25, 1992 for Lebanon to hope that the United States grow. Please, do not give in to it. In mo­ Government will call upon Syria to withdraw its ments of doubt recall the words of Douglas Mr. RAHALL. Mr. Speaker, I have joined presence there, as agreed to under the Tait MacArthur. "Duty, honor, country: Those with my colleagues today in the introduction of Agreement, so that free and fair elections can three hallowed words reverently dictate a sense of the House resolution calling for be scheduled expeditiously. what you ought to be, what you can be, what free and fair democratic elections in Lebanon. Mr. Speaker, I call upon the Congress to ex­ On October 22, 1989, the Arab League bro­ you will be." press its continuing support for the Tait Agree­ kered what is known as the Tait Agreement, ment, signed in 1989, and to call for Syria's There has been some talk over the past few ending Lebanon's 16-year civil war. The Tait withdrawal of its troops to the gateway of the years about the decline of America. I believe Agreement is intended to lead the full restora­ Bekaa Valley not later than September 1992 that it has been exaggerated. Yes, we do tion of Lebanon's sovereignty, independence, as required by the agreement. have serious problems here at home, let's not and territorial integrity. understate them-the S&L fiasco, weak Syria did assist in restoring peace in Leb­ I further call upon my colleagues to urge the banks, a troubled educational system, urban anon, and does have legitimate interests Arab League to consider immediately the pos­ poverty. At the same time no other country there, as any country does with its neighbors. sible alternatives to ensuring security in Beirut has the economic, military, scientific, ideo­ However, Syria does exert perhaps inappropri­ following the Syrian departure, including the logical, and cultural strengths across the ate influence upon the Government of Leb­ establishment of an Arab League presence in board that we do. anon. It does so in many ways, but none more Beirut if necessary. We met with success in the war against effective than keeping an estimated 40,000 I call upon the Congress to urge the Gov­ Saddam Hussein's tyranny. That display of Syrian troops there-a presence not easy to ernment of Lebanon to hold elections only if American competence, resolution, and lead­ ignore, and one that does not lead to a true they can be free and fair, conducted without ership can usher in a more positive mood sense of independence. outside interference, and witnessed by inter­ here at home about our abilities to manage Under the Tait Agreement it was clearly un­ national observers. and overcome our own problems at home. derstood that Syria would withdraw its troops For Lebanon to attempt to reform its elec­ tion processes and to hold those elections as CONCLUSION to the gateway of Bekaa Valley by September 1992, and the success of any reforms under agreed to under Tait, the Syrian presence Today's graduating class totals some 545 the agreement, and particularly the scheduling must be removed. To do otherwise, or even mid-grade and senior officers of the Navy, of timely, free, and democratic elections, de­ seem to support a theory that first elections be Army, Marine Corps, Air Force, Coast Guard pends solely upon that withdrawal. held as a condition for Syria's withdrawal, is and civilians representing 17 different Gov­ It stands to reason that truly free and fair counterproductive, and most assuredly there is ernment agencies, international officers elections In Lebanon cannot take place in little that would be free and fair about elec­ from 40 friendly and allied nations, and col­ areas of foreign military control, such as that tions held under those circumstances. lege of continuing education graduates. reflected by the presence of Syria's 40,000- I call upon Congress to urge Lebanon's From your ranks will come the future lead­ strong troop deployment. Government to delay scheduling of its elec­ ers of the United States Navy-the Nimitzes, It has been broadcast about, in the print tions until Syria's withdrawal, even as difficult Halseys, Spruances, Burkes, Zumwalts, media and in other forums, that Syria remains as it might be to take a position against elec­ Crowes, and Kelsos. Also present are the fu­ in Lebanon, and expects to remain in Leb­ tions there, because it has now become a ture leaders of our other military services anon, until after elections are held, and that question of timing and a question of control and of the other nations represented here Syria's remaining in Lebanon until then has over those elections, which must be left in the today. You are an elite-in the finest sense been decided based on a request from Leb­ hands of only Lebanon-not her occupiers. of that word-a chosen group. You will be anon's Government. This is not true, and Mr. Speaker, as we continue in our quest the keepers of the sacred flame, the reposi­ should not be accepted by the United States for peace in the Middle East, it is well to rec­ tory of knowledge of how to win wars during Government, but seen for what it is-Syria's ognize that Lebanon has a huge stake in the a time of uncertainty in the world and a continued intent to remain in Lebanon for pur­ outcome of the peace talks now going for­ time of great change in the United States poses of influencing the outcome of those ward. So does Syria. Free and fair elections, military. elections-in direct contravention of the T aif duly held under the T aif Agreement, are wide­ Let me also add that this Nation of ours is Agreement. ly viewed as one of the key steps in the over­ very fortunate to have individuals such as After 16 years in which Lebanon was bowed all peace process. Hopefully, the peace talks you willing to protect our interests at dis­ downed by civil strife, its economic cir­ will produce a real peace and freedom in Leb­ tant points of the globe. The sacrifices of cumstances deteriorated in the extreme. anon as well. those in the military, especially the Navy, Those 16 years saw the Lebanon pound As Americans, we recognize fully that truly willing to go far from home and assume such plunge to unprecedented levels against the free and democratic elections require freedom heavy responsibilities are not always appre­ dollar, yet it managed to honor its financial of speech and assembly, freedom of political ciated in our society. Even less appreciated dues and obligations on loans from the United expression and party affiliation, freedom for are the sacrifices cif military families. To the States and other international organizations. candidates to come forward without fear and spouses and children of these officers who Lebanon has no debts in arrears with the campaign, and that they have unimpeded ac­ are about to assume new duties, some far IMF or the World Bank with which it has had cess to print and broadcast media, freedom of from home, let me express a heartfelt dealings since 1955. Lebanon has paid in full movement and, above all, guarantees of their thanks. Your support is crucial to the well­ its foreign military sales loans to the United physical security. being of these officers and to our country as States. Lebanon . has honored and continues It is understandable that the people of Leb­ a whole. to honor its housing loans from AID, and will anon would be more at ease and more as­ To the graduates, I wish you God's protec­ have paid all installments in full by the year sured of those guarantees if Syria withdraws tion and wisdom as you embark on the jour­ 2000. in strict accordance with terms agreed to ney of securing America's interests from Lebanon, Mr. Speaker is not a beggar na­ under the Tait. your new high level of rank and responsibil­ tion, but a proud one. Lebanon is not seeking Lebanon exp.acts nothing more and nothing ities. I have every confidence that the his­ extraordinary economic assistance from the less. tory you write will be worthy of the finest United States, unlike some in the region. I strongly support the resolution calling for who wore the American uniform in days gone With its history of honoring its debts to oth­ free and fair elections in Lebanon which I and by. Thank you, God bless. ers while being shackled by the economic my colleagues have introduced today, and I June 25, 1992 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 16507 urge my colleagues to add their names in sup­ sonal liability has begun to drive qualified per­ cent evaluation of the institution under Sec­ port of the goals it sets forth. sonnel out of banking, the impact of which will tion 807; be to shift the balance of competitiveness "(3) has not been disqualified from evalua­ tion under this section by the supervisory away from banks as more skilled managers agency pursuant to a provision of this sec­ EXCESSIVE REGULATORY BURDEN settle in with nonbank firms and compete with AND THE COMMUNITY REIN­ tion; and banks. The Orlando Sentinel recently reported " (4) has, as of the December 31 preceding VESTMENT IMPROVEMENT ACT that First Florida Bank has already lost 3 di­ the beginning of such calendar year, total as­ OF 1992 rectors who left because of the personal risk sets of less than $500 million. imposed by the increased regulation. "The dollar amount in this subsection HON. Bill McCOllUM The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation shall be adjusted annually after December 31, OF FLORIDA Improvement Act [FDICIA] required that the 1992, by the annual percentage increase in Federal Financial Institutions Examination the Consumer Price Index for Urban Wage IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Earners and Clerical Workers published by Council [FFIEC] study the regulatory burden. Thursday, June 25, 1992 the Bureau of Labor Statistics. As part of the study, FFI EC decided to hold "(b) MODIFIED EVALUATION.-An institution Mr. McCOLLUM. Mr. Speaker, regulatory public hearings on the regulatory burden and which is described in subsection (a) with re­ burden is currently cited by commercial banks the third in that series of hearings is being spect to any calendar year shall, during such as the greatest impediment to their competi­ held today in Washington, DC. Most prominent year- tiveness and ability to supply credit. The level among the specific regulations whose burden "(l) maintain internal policies to help of overall regulation has accelerated markedly is being cited at these hearings and elsewhere meet the credit needs of its local community in recent bank legislation and has provoked in­ is the Community Reinvestment Act [CAA]. consistent with the safe and sound operation of such institution; dustry experts such as former FDIC Chairman The CAA has been cited as the most burden­ William Isaac to publicly express concern over "(2) declare in writing to the supervisory some regulation by surveyed members of both agency, at such time as the agency shall pre­ the industry's viability. Because excessive reg­ the American Bankers Association [ABA] and scribe by regulation, that the institution­ ulation increasingly interferes with banks' abil­ the Independent Bankers Association of Amer­ " (A) is an institution described in sub­ ity to meet their communities' credit needs I ica [IBAA]. section (a); and am introducing the Community Reinvestment In the ABA survey of 974 member banks, "(B) is in compliance with this subsection; Improvement Act of 1992. This bill would re­ the highest percentage of bankers identified "(3) display any notices as required by the duce the burden imposed by the most burden­ the CAA as the most time consuming regula­ supervisory agency concerning the institu­ tion's compliance with the requirements of some regulation bankers face and better en­ tion and also as creating the most headaches. able banks to meet the credit needs of their this Act; and One banker commented "Our success and our " (4) make available for public inspection communities. livelihood depend upon our ability to serve our the following information regarding the The deleterious impact of overregulation on community, and the CAA requirements only record of such institution in meeting the bank performance has both direct and indirect detract from our ability to act, because of the credit needs of its entire community- aspects. The direct impact is to increase bank time required to 'prove' we are doing what is "(A) An identification of the community it costs through absorption of employee time both in the community's and our self-interest serves; and energy as well as through expenditure in to do." " (B) A list of the types of credit offered by the institution; providing reports and other printed material to CAA's impediment to the ability of banks to maintain compliance. A recent American "(C) Public comments received during such effectively serve their communities leads me year or any of the 2 years immediately pre­ Bankers Association survey estimated 1991 today to introduce the Community Reinvest­ ceding such year regarding the institution's compliance costs at $10.7 billion or 59 percent ment Improvement Act of 1992. This bill will service of the entire community's credit of industry profits. While some regulation is re­ substantially reduce the regulatory burden of needs; and quired in order to ensure the safety and CRA by first, providing an exemption for those " (D) Copies of any declaration submitted soundness of the banking system, even a re­ banks least able to bear the costs of CAA, the under subparagraph (2). duction in regulatory compliance costs of 25 small community bank; second, a modified " (C) REGULATORY EVALUATION.- " (!) In general.-The supervisory agency percent last year could have resulted in an in­ evaluation procedure for responsible midsized crease of $25 billion in bank loans. shall conduct an evaluation of an institu­ banks; and third, a safe harbor for banks that tion's compliance with this section in con­ The indirect impact of greater regulation is are complying with the CAA. nection with its examination of such institu­ to reduce the competitiveness of banks. This The following is the text of my bill and a tion, or every 2 years, whichever is more fre­ occurs in at least two ways. First, nonbank fi­ section-by-section analysis explaining its provi­ quent. nancial firms aren't subject to the same regu­ sions: "(2) Notice.-Upon commencing a compli­ latory obstacles. Firms such as mutual funds, H.R.- ance evaluation pursuant to the section, the insurance companies, and credit unions have supervisory agency shall provide public no­ Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Rep­ tice stating that it is conducting such eval­ been siphoning business off both sides of resentatives of the United States of America in bank balance sheets as bank regulation has uation of the institution. Congress assembled, "(3) PROCEDURE.-In performing periodic increased. They capture bank customers by SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. evaluations of institutions pursuant to sub­ .offering similar products at lower cost or with This Act may be cited as the " Community section (c) of this section, the supervisory better rates than banks since less regulatory Reinvestment Improvement Act of 1992" . agency- compliance generates a competitive cost ad­ SEC. 2. MODIFIED EVALUATIONS. " (A) shall review the institution's existing vantage and greater market flexibility. For The Community Reinvestment Act of 1977 business records and shall not require the in­ small banks, the added reporting requirements (12 U.S.C. 2901 et seq.) is amended by adding stitution to produce documentation other and stipulations for extensive written policy at the end the following new section: than existing business records, and statements in many areas are spread over a "SEC. 809 MODIFIED EVALUATIONS. " (B) shall review any additional informa­ tion provided by the institution or other in­ small employee base. Thus, the cost of com­ " (a) SCOPE.-In lieu of being evaluated under Section 804 and receiving a written terested parties. plying with these regulations represent a prcr evaluation under Section 807, an institu­ " (4) DISQUALIFICATION.-ln addition to any portionately greater burden upon smaller tion's record of meeting the credit needs of administrative enforcement action author­ banks. its entire community with respect to any ized under any other provision of law, if the Second, enhanced regulator ability to re­ calendar year shall be evaluated pursuant to supervisory agency determines after an eval­ strict bank operations, remove bank officers, this section if the institution- uation under this subsection that the insti­ limit indemnification of legal defense costs of "(! ) has not been found to be in violation tution is not in compliance with this section, bank officers, require notice for certain of section 701 (a) of the Equal Credit Oppor­ then the supervisory agency may determine tunity Act, or any other provision of such that the institution shall be disqualified changes in bank officers and directors, and Act, during the 5-year period preceding such from evaluation under this section for such limit the compensation and retirement benefits calendar year; period as the agency may determine to be of bank officers and employees makes it more "(2) has not received a rat ing of 'needs t o appropriate. difficult to attract and retain high quality direc­ improve' or 'substantial noncompliance' "(e) PENALTIES.-ln addition to any crimi­ tors and officers. Increased possibility of per- from the supervisory agency in the most re- nal or civil penalty or any administrative 16508 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 25, 1992 enforcement action authorized under any recent CRA evaluation, have not violated the Whereas, this year's Czech Days' Royalty other provision of law, if the supervisory Equal Credit Opportunity Act in the last 5 are: Queen Crystal Carda, daughter of Law­ agency finds that an institution has inten­ years, and have not been disqualified under rence and Darlene Carda of rural Tabor; tionally submitted false information to the the modified evaluation procedure. Prince Kyle Kreber, son of John, Jr. and Kim supervisory agency or otherwise willfully The modified evaluation procedure re­ Kreber of rural Tyndall; Princess Selina violated the requirements of subsection (b), quires an institution to (1) maintain internal Cimpl, daughter of Joe and Deb Cimpl of the institution shall be disqualified from policies to help meet the credit needs of its Tabor; and evaluation under this . section such period, community consistent with the safe and Whereas, many fine attractions await not to exceed 10 years, as the agency may de­ sound operation of the institution, (2) de­ those visiting the 44th Annual Czech Days, termine to be appropriate. clare in writing to its regulator that it quali­ including the Czech Heritage Museum, "(f) DEFINITIONS.- fies for the modified evaluation and that it is Blachnik Museum, St. Wenceslaus Catholic " (l) 'Institution' means a regulated finan­ in compliance, (3) display any required no­ Church, adult and children's programs in cial institution meeting the requirements of tices concerning compliance with the CRA, Sokol Park, live Czech music in Beseda Hall subsection (a). (4) make available for public inspection an and two beer gardens: "(2) ' Supervisory agency' means the appro­ identification of its community, a list of the Now, therefore, be it commemorated, by priate Federal Financial supervisory agency types of credit offered, pubic comments re­ the Sixty-seventh Legislature of the state of of a regulated financial institution.". ceived, and the written declaration made to South Dakota that the Legislature congratu­ SEC. 3. EVALUATION EXEMPI'ION. the regulator. late the Czech peoples of South Dakota for The Community Reinvestment Act of 1977 The regulator is required to evaluate an in­ their outstanding, traditional celebration (12 U.S.C. 2901 et seq.) is amended by insert­ stitution's compliance with this procedure at and invite all South Dakotans to participate ing after section 809 (as added by section 2 of least every two years, giving public notice of in the 44th annual Czech Days on June 19th this Act) the following new section: the evaluation as it begins. The regulator and 20th in Tabor, South Dakota. "SEC. 810. EVALUATION EXEMPI'ION. shall review the institution's existing busi­ I share the expression of the South Dakota " A regulated financial institution shall ness records and shall not require the pro­ duction of other documents, but shall also House of Representatives and extend my very not be subject to the evaluation require­ best wishes to all the proud citizens of the ments of this title or any regulations issued review any other information provided by under this title if- the institution or other interested parties. Tabor area on yet another very successful "(1) the main office and each branch of The regulator can disqualify an institution Czech Days celebration. The entire State of such institution is located in an incor­ from the modified evaluation if the institu­ South Dakota benefits from this wonderful porated city or town, or an unincorporated tion is not in compliance. preservation of the rich and valuable Czech place recognized by the Census Bureau that If an institution intentionally submits heritage. has a population of not more than 25,000 per­ false information or otherwise willfully vio­ sons; and lates the requirements of the modified eval­ "(2) the aggregate assets of the institution uation, the institution shall be disqualified CONGRESSMAN KILDEE CON­ and any company which is a depository hold­ from the modified evaluation for 10 years and subject to all other criminal and civil GRATULATES NEW MOUNT ing company with respect to such institution MORIAH MISSIONARY BAPTIST (as defined in section 3(w) of the Federal De­ penalties or administrative enforcement ac­ posit Insurance Act) are less than tion authorized under any other provision of CHURCH $100,000,000. law. " The dollar amount in this section shall be SEC. 3. EVALUATION EXEMPl'ION. HON. DALE E. KILDEE adjusted annually after Institutions with less than $100 million in December 31, 1992, by the annual percent­ assets and with offices in cities, towns, or OF MICHIGAN age increase in the Consumer Price Index for communities of less than 25,000 people shall IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Urban Wage Earners and Clerical Workers not be subject to the evaluation require­ Thursday, June 25, 1992 published by the Bureau of Labor Statis­ ments of the CRA. tics.". SEC. 4. SAFE HARBOR. Mr. KILDEE. Mr. Speaker, it is with great SEC. 4. SAFE HARBOR. An institution's application for a deposit pride that I rise before you today to congratu­ The Community Reinvestment Act of 1977 facility shall not be denied if the institution late the members of New Mount Moriah Mis­ (12 U.S.C. 2901 et seq.) is amended by insert­ within the last 24 months received a rating sionary Baptist Church and their pastor, Rev. ing after section 810 (as added by section 3 of of "outstanding" or "satisfactory" or is in William H. Murphy, Jr. upon the dedication of this Act) the following new section: compliance with the modified evaluation their new church edifice which was celebrated "SEC. 811. SAFE HARBOR. procedure established by section 2, unless this past Sunday, June 21, 1992 at 4 p.m. in "Notwithstanding Section 804(2), an appli­ the institution's compliance has materially deteriorated since then. Pontiac, Ml. cation for a deposit facility by a regulated fi­ On April 9, 1989, the New Mount Moriah nancial institution shall not be denied on the Missionary Baptist Church was formally orga­ basis of such institution's compliance with this Act if such institution in the previous 24 SUPPORT FOR THE 44TH ANNUAL nized with approximately 100 members. The months- CZECH DAYS CELEBRATION ceremony was conducted at the Bowen Com­ "(1) has received a rating of 'Outstanding' munity Center in Pontiac, Ml. William H. Mur­ or 'Satisfactory' from the appropriate Fed­ HON. TIM JOHNSON phy, Sr., pastor of the Greater Ebenezer Mis­ eral financial supervisory agency in an eval­ OF SOUTH DAKOTA sionary Baptist Church of Detroit was the uation of the institution under Section 807 IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES moderator. conducted, or On Sunday, April 16, 1989, the New Mount "(2) has been found to be in compliance Thursday, June 25 , 1992 Moriah Missionary Baptist Church held its first with Section 809 in a regulatory review con­ Mr. JOHNSON of South Dakota. Mr. Speak­ ducted under Section 809(c), official order of worship service at the Of­ "unless such institution's compliance has er, I rise to express my support for the 44th fender Aid and Restoration [OAR] Building at materially deteriorated since such evalua­ annual Czech Days celebration in Tabor, SD. 210 North Perry Street. After 1 month the con­ tion.". The South Dakota Legislature in its 67th ses­ gregation moved to 67 Oakland Avenue, Pon­ SECTION-BY-SECTION ANAYLSIS-THE COMMU­ sion enacted House Commemoration No. tiac, Ml. The church held its first service in its NITY REINVESTMENT IMPROVEMENT ACT OF 1011 which reads as follows: new home at 68 West Walton Boulevard on 1992 HOUSE COMMEMORATION NO. 1011 June 21, 1992. SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. (A legislative commemoration, recognizing Over the past three years the membership The Community Reinvestment Improve­ and commending the 44th annual Czech of New Mount Moriah, under the leadership of ment Act of 1992. Days celebration in Tabor, South Dakota) Pastor William H. Murphy, has grown phys­ SEC. 2. MODIFIED EVALUATIONS. Whereas, Tabor Czech Days celebrates the ically and spiritually. From a group of 100 peo­ Financial institutions' regulators are to rich cultural heritage that the Czech immi­ ple meeting in a community center, the con­ use a modified evaluation procedure to de­ grants transported from their homeland to gregation has grown to 350 active members. termine the compliance of certain institu­ enrich their new home in South Dakota; and tions with the Community Reinvestment Whereas, the peoples of Czechoslovakian New Mount Moriah's official staff include Pas­ Act. This applies to institutions with total descent have consciously preserved the lan­ tor William H. Murphy, Jr.; Deacon Conway assets of less than $500 million that received guage, customs, dress, spirit and cuisine of Thompson, chairperson of the deacon board; at least a " satisfactory" rating in their most their immigrant ancestors; and Sister Elaine Miller, trustee chairperson; Dea- June 25, 1992 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 16509 con Leon McDonald, Jr., treasurer; Sister Church), she suggested our taking the group Congressman Ray's office. They walked with Phillis Williams, church clerk and Sister Juli­ to Washington. us to meet Barbara and Richard at the steps ette Cotton, secretary. With that seed firmly planted, our ground­ for a picture of our group. Richard then gave work began. us a personal tour of the House and Senate Mr. Speaker, without a doubt, the Pontiac Because our bus was beginning to show its galleries. community is a much better place to live be­ age, we pursued the possibility of Amtrak We were fortunate to be able to be seated cause of the service, love, and spiritual sup­ with a chartered bus meeting us there. in the House while Richard explained how port from New Mount Moriah Missionary Bap­ Riding all night sitting up, plus the added the Democrats were seated on one side, Re­ tist Church. Because their hard work strength­ expense of chartering a bus, we felt we had publicans on the other; how they voted, what ens my commitment to the role of government to give up her dream-for now. the Pages did, etc. So many interesting to promote, protect, defend and enhance In the meantime, I was invited to a recep­ things. It was truly an experience of a life­ human dignity, I urge my House colleagues to tion for Congressman Richard Ray and his time! wife, Barbara. While there, I asked Barbara We followed Richard into our dining room join me in congratulating this outstanding par­ if we ever got brave enough to take the '39ers at the Capitol where we were introduced to ish on the occasion of their wonderful mile­ to Washington if she would help us plan the Chaplain James Ford, Chaplain of the House. stone. trip. She was more than gracious. After the devotional, I presented him with In God's own timing, our church ordered a the Mayme Lee Love Gift from the 39'ers. brand new bus which was delivered in March. We enjoyed a delicious lunch. Afterwards, TRIBUTE TO OFFICER MARK W. It took ten years from dreaming to our Richard autographed copies of a book on the McKITCHEN April 27 departure with 45 excited and happy Capitol which he gave to each of us as a mo­ '39ers. Our pastor, Rev. John Talley, had a menta of our visit. prayer breakfast and we were off. Barbara told us that the flowers on each of HON. RONALD K. MACHTLEY Our first night found us in Rocky Mount, the round tables had been sent over from the OF RHODE ISLAND NC. We were met by the hostess who invited Botanic Gardens especially for us. How could IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES us into the lobby for punch and cookies be­ we possibly be treated more royally? Thursday, June 25, 1992 fore going to our rooms. We were told Bill Clinton and Dan Quayle After getting settled in our poolside rooms, were there, but I just bet they weren't treat­ Mr. MACHTLEY. Mr. Speaker, I rise today we met back in the conference room for our ed as well as we were! in honor of the valiant efforts displayed by offi­ buffet dinner party honoring Frances After lunch Matt took us across the street cer Mark W. McKitchen of Pawtucket, RI, as Joyner. to the Supreme Court where they were wait­ he fearlessly aided 15 apartment building resi­ After dinner and a get-acquainted session, ing to give us a tour. From there we went to dents escape a fire which blazed through their Ann Rigdon gave our devotional on love. the Smithsonian Museums. Helen and Ouida sang a precious rap song We were pleasantly surprised to see Jay building early yesterday morning. about the '39ers they had composed on the Jones (Julian, Jr. and Annette's son). He was With little regard for his own safety, officer way. Then we learned some things about there with his 8th grade class from Deland, McKitchen sprang into action when he noticed Washington. Fla. and just happened to see his "home­ the flames while on his predawn patrol of Did you know Washington was a pre­ town" church bus drive up! downtown Pawtucket. He managed to lead all planned city? It was planned by L'Enfant, a We had dinner at a seafood restaurant lo­ the endangered residents to safety. By pound­ French engineer and architect who came cated on the Potomac River where we were ing on their doors and alerting them to the with LaFayette to fight in the Revolution­ joined by Virginia Duke Johnson (Clara flames, he had the building evacuated by the ary War. His design was divided into quar­ Passmore's niece) and her husband, Nelson; time the fire trucks arrived on the scene. ters with the Capitol being placed on the Phil Mathews and Col. John Wood, nephew of highest part, in the center. The streets were Rosemary Reid; Congressman and Mrs. Ray Officer McKitchen has been recognized for laid out in checkerboard, with avenues cross­ and Matt Pope. his bravery and quick thinking by the patrol ing diagonally. Where these converge, then After dinner, Richard gave a brief devo­ commander and captain of the police force. I form circles and squares which are beauty tional before having to be back for another would like to add my voice to the chorus of spots in the city. Several long avenues, vote. But before he left, we presented him those praising officer McKitchen. named for the states, radiate from the Cap­ with the Mayme Lee and also a special re­ Such fearless dedication as exhibited by of­ itol. minder of home, a little Blue Bird #1 bus! ficer McKitchen is extraordinary and deserves After our program of interesting informa­ Col. Wood then gave a most interesting our deepest appreciation and respect. I am tion, a scrapbook-picture album was pre­ talk on Korea, which was where he had just sented to Frances along with a "purse on a been stationed. proud to be able to congratulate officer string" for her use in touring. We presented Matt with an All-American McKitchen on a job well done. Tuesday we departed for Mount Vernon. bus bank with The '39ers of First Baptist We arrived at the Mount Vernon Inn for written on the side so he would never forget lunch and Barbara Ray was waiting to wel­ what he had meant to us along with a copy THE'39ERS come us! As we were being seated for lunch of Scarlett from his new Southern friends. there, we were pleased to find a poem that You can imagine my chagrin when I found HON. RICHARD RAY she had written about the 39'ers at our out he was from Columbus, GA! places. We then presented Barbara with a Georgia OF GEORGIA After lunch we toured Mount Vernon and Garden Club calendar, a billfold from me and IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES just before leaving, Barbara gave each of us her favorite gift, a beautiful new camellia Thursday, June 25, 1992 an envelope with brochures of the things we made especially for her by Mikki Mathews were about to see. She then led us on to Ar­ called Royalty. Mikki assured me it was one Mr. RAY. Mr. Speaker, I want to bring to my lington Cemetery where she left us. of a kind, just for Barbara. colleagues' attention the fact that our Nation's There we boarded a private Tourmobile for Closing with our song, we called it day. Capital was recently honored with a visit by a a tour of the changing of the guard at the What a good day it had been! group from the Third District of Georgia. Tomb of the Unknown Soldier, the eternal Thursday morning was a very, very special The '39ers only spent 4 days here, but I be­ flame at John Kennedy's grave and the grave time for us, we visited the Vietnam Memo­ lieve they were able to see almost every his­ of Robert Kennedy, Lee's Mansion and many rial. We gathered together for a quiet time torical item in Washington. Mr. Speaker, it was graves of our heroic men. under the beautiful trees to pay tribute to The tulips and cherry trees were so beau­ our boys with Adina Bailey leading our devo­ a true pleasure to help host the '39ers and all tiful and everything was neatly manicured. tional. of us really enjoyed those several days. By 5 p.m. we were checking into the Ra­ Quietly, two by two, we walked down to Mr. Speaker, I submit for the RECORD a mada Inn Central in downtown Washington. the memorial where Ouida placed red roses copy of a Fort Valley Leader-Tribune article After a brief rest and hot shower, we were at the foot of the memorial bearing her that details the trip. ready to meet the bus for Kennedy Center nephew's name, Morris McDaniel, Jr. The [From the Leader-Tribune, May 13, 1992) where we enjoyed the musical comedy Pump sun was shining and we all felt a special Boys and the Dinnettes along with our dinner. presence. We were so glad we came. '39ERS TRAVELED TO WASHINGTON After the show, we walked out on the terrace Friday was our last day but we surely (By Annette Duke) on the roof for the magical view of Washing­ made the most of it! About ten years ago Frances Joyner had a ton at night. First, a congressional tour of the White dream. As my co-chairman of the '39ers (a Wednesday morning we went to the Capitol House. What an exciting time that turned senior group sponsored by the First Baptist where we were met by Matt and Avery from out to be! 16510 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 25, 1992 As we drove up we noted a flagged stage Adm. Jerry Johnson entered active duty as cently, because he had always dedicated him­ and a band playing on the front lawn. We a naval aviation cadet in 1955, after attending self to improving the quality of life in the com­ jokingly remarked, "They knew the '39ers Texas A&M University. In 1956, the was com­ munity. In a political career that began in were coming!" They were celebrating the Great American missioned an ensign and designated a naval 1949, Aloysius served for 21 years as a coun­ Workout fitness program. Among the celeb­ aviator. His early assignments included a vari­ cil member in Yonkers' fifth and seventh rities were Bob Arnott of CBS, Charles Mann ety of operational and combat duties which led wards, where he became famous for his atten­ and John Brandis of the Redskins, Arnold to his command of Attack Squadron 27. While tion to his constituent's concerns. Since 1972, Schwarzenegger, Mohammed Ali, Scott Ham­ under his command, this squadron received he served as city clerk, where he also chan­ ilton, Billy Kidd, Dick Van Patten, Derek the Wade McCluskey Award as the Navy's neled his energies into making government and Willie of the Globetrotters and Bob best attack squadron, the COMNAVAIRPAC work for the citizens of Yonkers. Saget. You would have thought we were teenagers with our autographs and picture Safety Award, and the battle efficiency "E." That is the legacy that Aloysius taking. Admiral Johnson served in numerous oper­ Moczydlowski has left for all the public officials We missed President and Mrs. Bush be­ ational tours onboard aircraft carriers and on who follow in his footsteps. Government cause they having all these other folks for the afloat staff of Commander Carrier Group should and can work for the benefit of all the lunch. But we did so enjoy seeing the White 3. In 1979, Admiral Johnson assumed com­ people, but only if public officials remain com­ House. mand of U.S.S. San Jose [AFS-7], and in mitted to helping others and serving their con­ From there we drove to the Botanic Gar­ dens for our last tour. The plan ts there were 1981, he reported as the 32d Commanding stituents. In his service to his country as a most unusual as well as pretty. I especially Officer of the aircraft carrier U.S.S. Coral Sea U.S. Marine, as well as his countless accom­ enjoyed the plants that dated back to the [CV-43]. plishments within Yonkers, Aloysius has set days of the dinosaurs. Following promotion to flag rank in 1983, an example to all of us of dedication to one's All good things must come to an end, so Admiral Johnson served on the staff of the country and community. before leaving, we rejoined Barbara for Chief of Naval Operations as Director, strat­ Although his children and his wife, Camelia, lunch. What a nice surprise for all of us-she brought each of a copy of the photo made at egy, Plans and Policy, and as Director, Gen­ have lost part of their lives, we are grateful for the capitol. She presented me with a copy of eral Planning and Programming. He later the many times Aloysius touched the lives of The Congressional Club Cook Book, with such served as Director, Office of Program Ap­ others in a positive way. It is fitting that the a loving inscription! I shall treasure it for praisal in the Office of the Secretary of the city of Yonkers is honoring his memory, and I the rest of my life! Navy. join in paying tribute to many good deeds. With Barbara leading us back to I-95, it In 1986, Admiral Johnson returned to sea was with hearts so very, very full of love and duty as Commander Carrier Group 4 and gratitude that we left Washington and the Commander Second Fleet, Responsible for TRIBUTE TO COL. GEORGE Rays. DEGOVANNI, USAF After dinner in Rocky Mount heading the training and readiness of ships and aircraft home, Virgil Booker gave our devotional. A in the Atlantic Fleet, and as Commander of brass basket was presented to our driver, Au­ NATO's Striking Fleet Atlantic. HON. BEN GARRIDO BLAZ brey Wilder and his wife, Helen, and gifts Admiral Johnson is the 25th officer t0 serve OF GUAM were presented to our navigators, Adina and as the Vice Chief of Naval Operations. He has IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Rena with our thanks for a job well done! been directly responsible to the Chief of Naval And thank you God, for looking after us so Thursday, June 25, 1992 Operations for the command of the operating well, keeping us safe and allowing us to Mr. BLAZ. Mr. Speaker, on the 30th of this enjoy so many wonderful pink dogwood, tu­ forces and the administration of the shore es­ lips, cherry blossoms and most of all, giving tablishment of the Navy. Admiral Johnson has month, Guam will lose a friend after his com­ us such perfect weather. And most of all, also been designated the Navy's "Gray pletion of a successful tour of duty as the thank you for friends who go the extra mile. Eagle," the senior aviator on active duty. commanding officer of the 633d Air Base Wing The folks enjoying the trip were: Aubrey During these 37 years, Admiral Johnson has at Andersen Air Force Base in Guam. It is with and Helen Wilder, Rena Bowman, Frances received numerous personal awards and regret that we bid farewell to Col. George Joyner, Kebie Neuner, Annette Duke, May DeGovanni, USAF, for within the past 2 years Outler, Adina Bailey, Peggy Sutton, Dean decorations which include the Distinguished Rogers, Barbara Whittington, Ouida Luckie, Flying Cross, Bronze Star Medal, Meritorious he has faced with us a diverse series of chal­ Helen Faircloth, Virgil Booker, W.E. Butler, Service Medal, Air Medal with Gold Numeral lenges; challenges which he met and more Sudie Rowland, Louise Matthews, Lois 16 and Bronze Numeral 2, and the Navy Com­ than overcame. Spinks, Ruth Mathis, Bessie Thornburgh, mendation Medal with Combat V. Colonel DeGovanni is of a new breed of of­ Joyce Scott, Ann Rigdon, Pat Bryan, JoAnn The Department of the Navy, the Congress, ficers produced over the last 20 years in this Connell, Sandra Barbour, May Davidson, and the American people have been defended country. Officers who are not only technically JoAnn Hopkins, Angelyn Sims, Betty Cleve­ and well served by this dedicated naval officer proficient in their professional responsibilities, land, Frona Thaxton, Hazel Irby, Tommy but who are also aware of the strategic, politi­ and Jeannine Webb, Rosemary Reid, Lucille for over 37 years. Adm. Jerry Johnson will Young, Dianne Aligood, Myrtice Jackson, long be remembered for his leadership, serv­ cal, economic, and cultural dynamics of the re­ June Doles, Wynelle Estes, Marilyn Hester, ice, and dedication. He will be missed. We gion of the world in which they serve. Soldier­ Annice Champion, Thaida Mathews, Beth wish Jerry and his lovely wife Joy, our very statesmen, all too rare these days, are particu­ Spillers, Neva Low and last, but far from best as they begin a new chapter in their life larly important in my region, the Pacific rim. least, our supergirl, Mack Pearson. Bessie together. No one could argue that events occurring Thornburgh will be 92 in August, bless you, there have not had a far-reaching impact upon Miss Bessie! the rest of the world. REP. ELIOT ENGEL OF NEW YORK During the Persian Gulf war, this was amply COMMENDING ADM. JEROME L. MEMORIALIZING ALOYSIUS demonstrated as Andersen Air Force Base be­ JOHHSON, U.S. NAVY MOCZYDLOWSKI came a vital link to the frontline forces. The successful effort there would not have been HON. ELIOT L ENGEL possible without the personnel, supplies, HON. CHARLES E. BENNETI equipment, and munitions that Colonel OF FLORIDA OF NEW YORK IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES DeGovanni was responsible for housing, stor­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ing, and then transporting by both air and sea Thursday, June 25, 1992 Thursday, June 25, 1992 to Southwest Asia. When Mount Pinatubo Mr. BENNETT. Mr. Speaker, June 26, of Mr. ENGEL. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to pay erupted in the Philippines, and the subsequent this year, our Navy, the Congress, and the tribute to the memory of Aloysius evacuation from military facilities took place, Nation loses the services of a dedicated offi­ Moczydlowski, an outstanding public official he was again thrust into the spotlight. Organiz­ cer, public servant, and naval aviator. On this who served the people of Yonkers, NY, for ing and directing Operation Fiery Vigil, a joint day, Adm. Jerome L. Johnson will retire from more than 40 years. service effort, over 20,000 evacuees were fed, the Navy as the Vice Chief of Naval Oper­ It was a great loss for the city of Yonkers housed, clothed, and provided medical atten­ ations after 37 years of service to our country. when Aloysius Moczydlowski passed away re- tion at Andersen Air Force Base. June 25, 1992 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 16511 His relations with the local community were FRAN WALSH: THIRTY-FIVE Fran Walsh has shown his own children the also exemplary; he proved himself sensitive to YEARS OF EDUCATIONAL EXCEL­ same commitment to education which he dis­ local environmental concerns by working with LENCE plays to his students, and worked over many the Guam Environmental Protection Agency to years with parent teacher organizations in a close 25 old military dump sites. After super­ HON. WIWAM J. COYNE number of positions, including president, while his children were students in Pittsburgh's pub­ typhoons Russ and Yuri caused extensive OF PENNSYLVANIA IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES lic schools. damage to Guam, he dispatched much need­ He received his bachelor of science degree ed manpower and equipment to local commu­ Thursday, June 25, 1992 from the University of Pittsburgh in 1957, and nities as an aid to their recovery. Finally, he Mr. COYNE. Mr. Speaker, I am proud today was awarded a master of arts degree in edu­ helped to establish a monthly meeting of to pay tribute to Francis Michael Walsh for his cation from Duquesne University in 1960. Fran Guam's local leaders with Air Force and Navy 35 years of dedicated service as an educator Walsh continued his pursuit of knowledge at representatives as a means of enhancing co­ with the public schools of Pittsburgh, PA. Mount Mercy College where he attended the operation in the future on issues of mutual It is fitting for the U.S. House of Represent­ NOEA Institute in Reading during the Summer concern. atives to pay tribute to an outstanding educa­ of 1967. tor like Fran Walsh at a time when the United Mr. Speaker, Fran Walsh has had a remark­ On a personal level, Colonel DeGovanni States is keenly aware of the importance of able career as an educator which provides a and I have had an excellent working relation­ education for the future of our Nation. Fran real world example of educational excellence ship. Too many times in the past have military Walsh has set an example of educational ex­ deserving the attention of the House, I urge officers assigned to positions of responsibility cellence throughout his career which has been my colleagues to join me in saluting Fran on Guam forgotten that they are temporary an inspiration to both his fellow teachers and Walsh for his 35 years as a teacher. tenants on the island, and that we, the people his students. of Guam, are the caretakers. I have known vir­ Last Friday, June 19, 1992, Fran Walsh tually every commanding officer at Andersen celebrated the culmination of 35 years as an TRIBUTE TO REV. J.L. KING Air Force Base since it was established, and educator. He began this career as a public school teacher in 1957 at the Stowe Township I say here without reservation that Colonel HON. JAME.S A. TRAFICANT, JR. High School. Since that time, he has served DeGovanni deserves a place of honor among OF as a teacher at a number of Pittsburgh public IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the best of them. schools, including Arlington, Hays, and Today, on the floor of this House, I pay trib­ Overbrook, and has taught at Carnmalt School Thursday, June 25, 1992 ute-and say goodbye to-a friend of Guam. in Brookline for the past 18 years. During Mr. TRAFICANT. Mr. Speaker, I rise today It is the most I can offer, but it is the least he many summers, Fran Walsh also taught the to honor Rev. J.L. King, a minister at Phillips deserves. gifted students program at Frick and later the Memorial and a member of my 17th Congres­ Martin Luther King, Jr., School. sional District, who will be celebrating his 50th Adios, colonel. Thank you, maraming Fran Walsh offered his students an oppor­ year in the ministry and his 33d year as pastor salamat po, and dangkulo na Si Yuus Maase. tunity to learn from an individual committed to of the church in services this month. the advancement of the educational profes­ A native of Kathleen, GA, Reverend King sion. He served as an encouragement to entered the ministry July 12, 1942 in Eastman, many talented students who were considering GA. After serving several years in the Army, TRIBUTE TO CARMEN GOETZINGER a career in education. Fran Walsh merits spe­ Mr. King continued his theological studies at cial commendation for his success in passing various universities including Payne University, on the torch of educational excellence to fol­ Moody Bible Institute, Corner Hill Bible Col­ HON. DAVID E. BONIOR lowing generations of young teachers. lege, Ward College and Malone College. He OF MICHIGAN Fran Walsh has continued over the years to also studied psychology at Kent State Univer­ provide service outside the classroom to his sity. He was named pastor of Phillips Memo­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES community and country. He served in the Unit­ rial since October 1959. He has served as Thursday, June 25, 1992 ed States Armed Forces in Germany during chairman of the board for 2 years for both the the Korean war and has been active in Amer­ Baptist State Convention of Ohio and also the Mr. BONIOR. Mr. Speaker, on the afternoon ican Legion Post 540, Brookline, where he has Eastern Ohio & Western Pennsylvania Baptist of June 28, Carmen Goetzinger will be hon­ been chairman of the Americanism Program Association. ored for her many years of service to Rose­ for the past 20 years. He has also served with Rev. J.L. King is an inspiration to many. His ville community schools with a reception at the Veterans of Foreign Wars, Oakmont Me­ outstanding leadership qualities and dedication President's Village Condominiums. I am morial Day Parade Committee. In addition, he to the public deserve to be recognized. I wish also served as a Boy Scout leader for several to extend my congratulations upon his many pleased to pay tribute to a dedicated individual years in Brookline and has been a member of years of service. who has contributed her time and energy to the Education Committee of the Western our schools. Pennsylvania Historical Society for the past 15 For the past 25 years, Carmen Goetzinger years. SOUTH KOREA'S 5TH ANNIVER­ has worked patiently and professionally as the As a proud descendent of Irish ancestors, SARY OF THE JUNE 29 DECLARA­ secretary of Arbor Elementary School. Along Fran Walsh has been a member of the An­ TION FOR DEMOCRACY the way Carmen's hard work has earned the cient Order of Hiberians, where he acted as respect and admiration of her co-workers. In recording secretary and editor of the organiza­ HON. DANA ROHRABACHER tion's newsletter for 15 years. He was also a addition, Carmen has carried her responsibil­ OF CALIFORNIA founding member of the Pittsburgh Curragh IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ities further by serving as treasurer on the ex­ Club and served as recording secretary until ecutive board for AFSCME local 732, from 1989. Finally, Fran Walsh has marched in Thursday, June 25, 1992 1974 until 1985, and again as recording sec­ every St. Patrick's Day Parade over the last Mr. ROHRABACHER. Mr. Speaker, 5 years retary from 1990 to the present. three decades with the Ancient Order of the ago in South Korea, weeks of massive dem­ Mr. Speaker, on all accounts, Carmen Hiberians Division 9, and portrayed St. Patrick onstrations in the street against longstanding Goetzinger has served her community with in parades during the last 3 years. Last year, military-backed authoritarian rule threatened distinction and honor. On this special occa­ he led the St. Patrick's Day Parade down Fifth the nation's stability. Roh Tae Woo, then Avenue in Pittsburgh. chairman of the ruling party and nominee for sion, I ask that my colleagues join me in salut­ Fran Walsh has been married to Lois president, broke with the leadership, offered to ing this fine individual and extend to her our Reinstadtler Walsh for the past 36 years. They meet all of the opposition's major demands best wishes in all her future endeavors. have five children and three grandchildren. and, putting his political career on the line, is- 59-059 0-97 Vol. 138 (Pt. 12) 12 16512 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 25, 1992 sued an eight-point proposal for democratic the life of Johnny Dee who exemplifies true performed immediately. The surgery proved reforms. The so-called "June 29 Declaration" courage and remains a beacon of hope for all not to be enough and subsequent surgery was called for direct presidential elections, the of our Nation's' citizens. performed in an attempt to arrest the cancer. comprehensive protection of individual rights, Johnny Dee, a Washington, DC, native, was As a result of the medication prescribed, John­ unrestricted press freedoms, and a genuine born nearly 50 years ago. It is my understand­ ny has gained 100 pounds but continues to be balance of power among the branches of gov­ ing that Johnny never let the fact that he was a positive source in the community. ernment. born an African-American get in his way. Mr. Speaker, I am honored to say that in With Roh's election to office, Korea then Throughout his life, Johnny has always spite Johnny's difficulties he continues to be settled down and set to work to finalize prep­ worked hard and fended for himself and fam­ active in church and in community events. arations for the 1988 Summer Olympics. The ily. He has a deeply rooted philosophy that he Johnny's positive spirit continues to be a summer games attracted more participants will do for himself and does not want anyone source of strength for those who know him. I than ever before, and the event put Seoul on to give him anything. Johnny has always felt believe it is of the utmost importance to recog­ the map as a modern, economically advanced, that he can earn what he needs and has nize the contributions of those who make a international city. Still, democracy had to catch strived to obtain the highest goals in life. difference in the community. I also believe that up, and President Roh set out systematically Johnny is known by his neighbors and it is very important to bring to the forefront to implement his democratization plan. friends to be a workaholic. No job is too large, those who have experienced difficulties and He began by releasing political prisoners no venture too huge, and no effort without persevered to turn around their lives. and, working with the National Assembly, re­ merit. He is always available to lend a hand to Mr. Speaker, as our nation continues to be vising or repealing hundreds of antidemocratic fellow neighbors or family members in need of beset with drugs, crime, violence, racism, and laws and decrees. Of particular significance assistance. other ills, I thought it was necessary to share has been the introduction of laws protecting Mr. Speaker, life has not always been favor­ a positive story. The story of Johnny Dee epit­ freedom of the press and speech. South able for Johnny Dee. Many years ago, Johnny omizes the can do spirit. In these difficult Korea now has more than 100 daily news­ witnessed a young woman in trouble and went times, African-American youth need real peo­ papers, quadruple the number 5 years ago. to her aid. A misunderstanding ensued with ple who are part and parcel of the community Government intervention in the business the assailant that proved to be unfortunate. As in which they live to pattern their lives after. sector has been scaled back, labor laws re­ a result of this incident. Johnny was sen­ Johnny Dee is such a person. It is for these vised to promote the rights of workers, and the tenced to 7 years in Lorton Reformatory. reasons that I did not hesitate to join Peter new aid targeted to the previously neglected However, prison life did not alter Johnny's Matthews as he pays tribute to Johnny on urban poor, farmers, and fishermen. Local au­ positive outlook. He continued to be a force Peter Bug Day. I agree wholeheartedly with tonomy has been restored, with free elections for good while in Lorton. He organized a radio the effort to publicly acknowledge the accom­ now held at every level of government. station in Lorton and taught himself the skills plishments and contributions of Johnny Dee. I Korea's June 29 Declaration for Democracy necessary to successfully operate it. Johnny encourage my colleagues to join me in paying has had positive implications internationally as became the station's manager, radio talent, tribute to Mr. Johnny Dee, a real leader in the well. Political liberalization has strengthened engineer, and producer. community. the ROK's relations with democratic nations, Additionally, while in Lorton, Johnny enrolled and last September, the proud democracy in the University of the District of Columbia took its place as a full member of the United [U DC] Lorton College Program in pursuit of a SANTO CHRISTO PARISH CELE­ Nations. Democratization has likewise dramat­ bachelors degree. Johnny believed that al­ BRATES 100-YEAR ANNIVERSARY ically expanded Seoul's relations with the though he was incarcerated, he could still en­ former Soviet Union and the countries of East­ gage in a process to enhance his education. HON. BARNEY FRANK ern Europe, all of which have forged diplo­ Johnny let it be known among his fellow in­ OF MASSACHUSE'M'S matic relations with the ROK just in the last mates that he did not intend to return to IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Lorton. He felt that a good use of his time few years. Korea's experience has shown that Thursday, June 25, 1992 rapid economic development can go hand-in­ while he was in Lorton would be to pursue an hand with political reform, a good lesson for . education. Mr. FRANK of Massachusetts. Mr. Speaker, these emerging democracies. Upon his release from Lorton, he was able I invite my colleagues to join me in congratu­ We are happy to mark the fifth anniversary to benefit from his newly acquired skills. He lating the Santo Christo Parish in Fall River, of Korea's democratization plan, and note that, accepted a position as a disc jockey at Ms. MA, as it celebrates the 1OOth anniversary of as the Korean War forged a comradeship in Kathy Hughes' radio station, WOL-AM. John­ its founding tomorrow. arms, this new democracy makes us compan­ ny Dee quickly. became a favorite of the sta­ The parish's origin can be traced to the ions in common values. tion's listeners. Because of Johnny's diverse large influx of Portuguese immigrants to Fall background and his heartfelt style he was able River during the late 19th century in search of to relate sincerely with his listeners. Quickly, economic opportunity within the city's expand­ THE 15TH ANNUAL PETER BUG Johnny's status changed to celebrity, a reality ing textile industry. While findir-ig ample work, DAY HONORS JOHNNY DILL FOR he rejected. However, because of Johnny's they were unable to practice their religious OVERCOMING OBSTACLES humble demeanor he still considered himself faith and cultural traditions together as a com­ as one of the common people and just one of munity. In response to this dilemma, the Dio­ HON. RONALD V. DELLUMS the flock. cese of Providence, RI, of which Fall River OF CALIFORNIA Meanwhile, Johnny continued to be active was then a part, established the Portuguese IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES with various community and church programs. Mission of St. Anthony of Lisbon in 1876. Six­ He would lend his services to assist the teen years later, on June 26, 1892, the mis­ Thursday, June 25, 1992 young, the shut in, and the helpless in the sion was elevated to parish status and re­ Mr. DELLUMS. Mr. Speaker, it gives me community. Johnny believed that he had a named Senhor Santo Christo Dos Milagres­ great pleasure to rise today and share with my commitment to volunteer for community Holy Christ of Miracles-making it the first colleagues the accomplishments and contribu­ projects, he did not want to forget where he Catholic church to serve the Portuguese com­ tions of Mr. John Dill, affectionally known as came from. Johnny also served as an usher munity in Fall River. It soon became an impor­ "Johnny Dee," by his friends and family. with the Vermont Avenue Baptist Church and tant religious and cultural center which served On Saturday, June 27, 1992, Johnny Dee continued his studies at UDC. to ease the transition to American life for im­ will be honored at the 15th Annual Peter Bug Johnny continued to work in spite of the fact migrants from Portugal and the Azores. Day festivities in Washington, DC. Peter Bug that he was beginning to experience terrible In fact, so many people were coming to Fall Day is a grassroots event established to bring headaches. In December of 1991, Johnny River from the Azores and mainland Portugal a diverse neighborhood together as it kicks off consulted a doctor and an MRI was ordered to that the Santo Christo community established the summer by encouraging the youth to have determine whether or not 'he had cancer. Un­ four missions throughout the city, all of which a safe and fun-filled vacation. I would like to fortunately, the tests revealed that a brain were eventually elevated to parish status. This share with you briefly the story and a slice of tumor was present and that surgery had to be leadership in the creation of missions to serve June 25, 1992 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 16513 the growing immigrant population has earned cut in many ways, from helping combat drug community. I ask my colleagues to join me in Santo Christo the recognition as mother parish abuse to enhancing intergovernmental co­ praising this fine individual, Shirley Wright. of the seven which now serve the Portuguese operation between Federal, State, and local community in Fall River. law enforcement officials. Today the parish, led by Father John Mar­ A true coalition builder, Jack Ambrogio A CELEBRATION OF RELIGIOUS tins, serves the needs of 9,300 parishioners, brings people together for the good of all of FREEDOM most of whom are of Azore an ancestry. The us. Just one striking example of his many last­ community's importance is exemplified by the ing contributions is the annual Halloween party HON. DICK ZIMMER feast where tens of thousands of people from for Hamden's young people. Each year since OF NEW JERSEY all over the Northeastern United States and he initiated this celebration, the police depart­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Canada gather once a year to pay homage to ment has sponsored the celebration, in co­ Thursday, June 25, 1992 Santo Christo through mass, prayer, proces­ operation with local merchants. It is typical of sion, music, and festival. It is this kind of lead­ Chief Ambrogio to see the potential vandalism Mr. ZIMMER. Mr. Speaker, I rise today in ership in the Portuguese community which has and violence of an evening turn it into joy and recognition of seven Russian couples who will set Santo Christo apart since its founding 100 hope for so many. That is what we have come sanctify their marriages in the tradition of their years ago. to expect from him and he has never let us Jewish heritage at the seventh annual mass Mr. Speaker, I take great pleasure in shar­ down. remarriage ceremony hosted by the Bris ing with my colleagues this brief history of Avrohom Center of Hillside, NJ. Santo Christo's achievements in its first cen­ In the former Soviet Union, Russian Jews tury, and I join President Bush in commending A TRIBUTE TO SHIRLEY BLACK were denied the right to observe the basic the parish for its many years of religious and WRIGHT ceremonies of their religion-a right guaran­ community service. I know that the people of teed to every American. The Celebration of the parish will continue their exemplary efforts HON. LUCIEN E. BLACKWELL Religious Freedom is a small step toward cor­ in the future, and I look forward to joining OF PENNSYLVANIA recting this past injustice. These ceremonies will take place on June them in Fall River on June 29 for a special IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 28 at Bris Avrohom, a nonprofit organization centennial banquet. Thursday, June 25, 1992 dedicated to the service of the Russian-Jewish Mr. BLACKWELL. Mr. Speaker, it is with community. I commend Rabbi Mordechai IN HONOR OF CHIEF JOHN P. great pride that I rise today to pay tribute to Kanelsky on another year of achievement and AMBROGIO an exceptional woman who has worked with congratulate the seven couples as they cele­ the utmost dedication to serving others in the brate their renewed marital vows. city of Philadelphia. The person I speak of is HON. ROSA L DeLAURO none other than Mrs. Shirley Black Wright. OF CONNECTICUT The department of public property is losing FLORIDA'S DR. A.B. "DEL" IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES a loyal employee. She has served the city of BOTTCHER HONORED BY USDA Thursday, June 25, 1992 Philadelphia faithfully for 37 years. As a career employee, she has shown loy­ HON. CUFF STEARNS Ms. DELAURO. Mr. Speaker, these days we alty in the various positions she has held. She are all too painfully aware of the formidable OF FLORIDA left her colleagues and office family in the fleet IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES task our police forces face. It is especially fit­ management unit and the department of public ting, at this time, that we recognize those law property with many fond wishes for a success­ Thursday, June 25, 1992 enforcement officers who have not only done ful future. Mr. STEARNS. Mr. Speaker, a member of an outstanding job in fighting crime, but have There are many examples of Shirley's kind the faculty of the University of Florida's Insti­ been a true force for peace and justice in our sharing humanitarian spirit. For example, Shir­ tute of Food and Agriculture Sciences [UF/ communities. Such a man is Police Chief John ley enjoys great delight in sharing with her fel­ IFAS] was recently honored by Secretary of P. Ambrogio. low coworkers her nephew's success as a Agriculture Edward Madigan in a ceremony Over the course of his many years on the baseball athlete. She is always willing to bring here in Washington. Dr. A.B. "Del" Bottcher police force of Hamden, CT, Chief Ambrogio in autographed baseballs for her coworkers, received the Distinguished Service Award, the has earned the respect, admiration, and grati­ their children and grandchildren. She is never highest honor USDA bestows on nondepart­ tude of the entire community. The 18 com­ too busy to bring a smile or warm feeling to mental personnel. mendations he received while in uniform tes­ all who surround her. Dr. Bottcher was one of 36 recipients cho­ tify to his courage, dedication, and service. A She was born and raised in Philadelphia. sen by a national selection committee that lifelong citizen of Hamden, he has spent most She attended Martha Washington Elementary, evaluated hundreds of candidates from other of his life standing up for the people of his Sulzaberger Junior High and Overbrook High land grant universities and USDA agencies hometown, providing for their safety and car­ Schools. She also attended community col­ across the Nation. ing for their well-being. lege. As a baby, she was baptized at Mt. Olive Dr. Bottcher was honored for his leadership Chief Ambrogio has, in every way, em- Tabernacle Baptist Church. Today she re­ in developing Best Management Practice . bodied the qualities of a complete law enforce­ mains a loyal member of this church, and a [BMO's] to improve Florida water quality, par­ ment officer. At this age of 40, his unique member of the tabernacle choir. Her loyalty to ticularly in the Everglades Agricultural area. leadership abilities earned him the rank of Mt. Olive Tabernacle Baptist Church is just an­ His research, extension and outstanding edu­ chief of police. Balancing tough enforcement other example of her dedication to loyalty. cation work in water quality began in the of the law with compassion for the citizens he Today I am joining with family and friends to 1970's. He developed and promoted the use protects, he has been a role model not only commemorate Mrs. Wright for her many of BMP's for managing fertilizers, pesticides for other police officers but for all of us who achievements. She has been a dedicated and animal wastes to prevent contamination of serve the public. Over the past two decades community servant and has set a fine example groundwater, lakes and other surface waters. his vision and enlightened leadership have re­ for the community. She has been a faithful Almost every type of agricultural operation shaped the police department, making it more member of the Pennsylvania Club and YFAC in the state has benefitted from Dr. Bottcher's efficient, effective, and sensitive to the needs [Youth For Action Committee]. Shirley and her cost-effective BMP recommendations for recy­ of the community. husband, Burtis Wright, have adopted several cling nutrients and protecting water quality. Through his active leadership in a wide vari­ young men and women, providing them with In 1983 he started field trials and dem­ ety of civic and fraternal activities, Chief love and devotion. Mrs. Wright and her hus­ onstrations on the use of BMP's through the Ambrogio has shared the wisdom of his expe­ band also began a scholarship fund in honor state, particularly on farms bordering Lake rience with his colleagues, and the generosity of their deceased son to enable young men Okeechobee and the Everglades. State and of his heart with his neighbors. He has done and women to further their education. Federal agencies have provided more than $3 much more that fulfill the heavy responsibilities Mr. Speaker, I am happy to introduce you to million to fund his work during the past dec­ of his position, reaching out to serve Connecti- this caring and compassionate member of our ade. 16514 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 25, 1992 When a 1988 Federal lawsuit charged that significance of Islam as the second major ances democratically, as illustrated by the Florida was failing to enforce its own stand­ world religion discusses how ethnocentrism is case of Algeria in 1992, similar but not iden­ ards of quality for water flowing from farms responsible for the unfair treatment Islam re­ tical to the CIA ouster of Prime Minister south to the Everglades, the State turned to ceives in the West. I commend this to my col­ Mossadegh from Iran in 1952. Islamists can­ not even gain influence in governments, as Dr. Bottcher. He developed BMP rec­ leagues' attention. they have in Sudan, without a global red ommendations for managing water flowing into [From the USA Today, May 20, 1992) alert. the Everglades. STOP TRYING TO MAKE ISLAM OUR NEW Shunted from any civilized channel of Because of the Cooperative Extension and SCAPEGOAT interacting in the diplomatic arena, mod­ Agricultural Experiment Station work per­ (By Salam Al-Marayati) erates are either jailed, like Abassi Madani formed by Dr. Del. Bottcher, we are progress­ Since communism has collapsed in Eastern in Algeria, or outlawed, like Rashid ing to continued vitality of the Everglades and Europe and the former Soviet Union, a Ghannouchi from Tunisia, or killed, like Hasan Al-Banna in Egypt. also ensuring that Florida agriculture remains search for a new enemy has commenced. Cold War veterans and other special-interest A critical component absent in U.S. for­ both competitive and compatible. groups are instigating a deceptive campaign eign policy development is the voice of Mr. Speaker, scientists such as Del Bottcher to make Islam the menace of the New World American Muslims. A House foreign affairs demonstrate that our land grant university pro­ Order. subcommittee is holding a hearing today on grams continue to serve the citizens of the Vice President Dan Quayle has stated that contemporary Islamic movements. It should United States through relevant research and " the three most dangerous movements in the solicit the views of American Muslim groups extension programs that impact all of our lives 20th century are Nazism, communism and politically unaffiliated with and financially in a positive manner. radical Islamic fundamentalism." independent of Middle Eastern governments. Richard Schifter, assistant secretary of Even though American Muslims are among State for human rights, referred to "radical the unrepresented groups in U.S. politics, CONGRESSMAN PARKER SALUTES Islam" as a major threat to global stability, they can play a vital role as ambassadors to drawing a ludicrous parallel between rec­ the Muslim world, rather than waiting on MR. PAT TURNER ognizing the Algerian Muslim electoral vic­ the sidelines of policy discussions and rely­ tory this year and condoning the rise of the ing on resolutions from those who have in­ HON. MIKE PARKER Third Reich. terests contrary to rapprochement between Of course, policymakers would never ex­ OF MISSISSIPPI Islam and the West. plore an absurd assertion that Christianity IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES could have been responsible for generating Thursday, June 25, 1992 communism and Nazism, notwithstanding TIME TO REFORM CONGRESS their origin in Christian environments. Mr. PARKER. Mr. Speaker, it is with great Islam, however, is measured by a different pleasure that I rise today to salute a distin­ standard and has become the scapegoat for HON. JOEL HEFLEY guished citizen of Monticello, MS, Mr. Pat regional and international turmoil. OF COLORADO Turner. Mr. Turner, a lifetime resident of Law­ Anti-Semitism directed at Islam usually IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES proceeds unchallenged. This Abrahamic faith rence County, served his country with dignity Thursday, June 25, 1992 and pride, during World War II, as a corporal is suspect for worldwide discord from Bosnia­ Herzegovina to the Transcaucasus and in the U.S. Army. During this time, Mr. Turner Mr. HEFLEY. Mr. Speaker, Americans are Central Asia, from Africa to Southeast Asia. angry with Congress. When they look at Cap­ admirably participated in six major battles and Other religious groups accommodate zeal­ no less than eight hand-to-hand combat con­ ots without suffering the stereotyping that itol Hill, they see waste, lethargy, and a mem­ frontations. Mr. Turner was taken into captivity plagues Muslims: bership more interested in partisan bickering by the Japanese on the island of Corregidor Buddhist despots in Myanmar persecute than in getting things done. and spent 3112 grueling years as prisoner of Muslims without any international outcry; Unfortunately, this reputation is well de­ Hindu fundamentalists aim at overturning served. While some argue that it's the people war. Mr. Turner and his fellow prisoners were mosques in India and suppressing the libera­ underfed, cruelly treated, and forced to work in who make the difference, even a casual ob­ tion movement in Kashmir; Jewish radicals server of Congress' record would conclude underground copper mines. Mr. Turner has in Israel, including high-level government experienced many historical events firsthand ministers, strive to brutally displace Pal­ that the process has broken down. and displayed the utmost in bravery and estinians from the occupied territories; and Every winter, Congress convenes with high honor. He courageously survived the Bataan Christian fundamentalists bomb abortion expectations, every summer, it lags behind Death March and witnessed the devastating clinics. schedule, and every fall, the legislative proc­ bombing of Hiroshima. These movements are equally fanatic and ess turns into a midnight orgy of last minute threatening, but extremism in the Muslim legislating and omnibus reconciliation bills. Ad­ Mr. Speaker, I am very proud to join the world receives disproportionate alarm. mayor, board of aldermen, and citizens of In fact, the term "fundamentalism" is not ministratively, the House has become the Monticello as they proclaim July 5, 1992, as found in the Arabic language, but rather charter member of the Scandal-a-Week Club. Pat Turner Day. This day will hereafter cele­ emanates from 19th century Protestantism. In other words, it's time to reform the proc­ brate and honor the extraordinary courage and If one attacks a fundamentalist group in the ess. For that reason, I am introducing legisla­ determination of Mr. Pat Turner. He is a truly Middle East, then all fundamentalist groups tion that would streamline the manner in which heroic example of dedication to the military should be subject to the same level of scru­ Congress conducts its business. This legisla­ tiny and confrontation. service of the United States. I feel that I speak tion concentrates on three areas of congres­ Misapprehensions are aggravated by the sional reform; the size of Congress, the legis­ for many Mississippians as I convey my con­ imposition of alien terminology on Islam. gratulations and best wishes to Mr. Turner and Traditional Muslim allies have been trans­ lative process, and current congressional his family. formed to fundamentalist foes instanta­ abuses. neously with international realignments. In CONTROL THE SIZE OF CONGRESS the '80s, the Afghani mujahadeen were re­ Everyone has seen the statistics on how STOP TRYING TO MAKE ISLAM garded as "freedom fighters" defending their quickly Congress has grown in the past 20 OUR NEW SCAPEGOAT homeland against Soviet aggression. In the years. The number of staff, committees, and '90s, the political table has turned and a dif­ ferent connotation surrounds the same Is­ subcommittees exploded during the 1970's HON. MERVYN M. DYMALLY lamic concept: the word mujahadeen is now and held steady during the 1980's. OF CALIFORNIA interpreted as "holy warriors." Some say that these additions were nec­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Imagine the social ramifications if gentiles essary to deal with the more complex Govern­ controlled Talmudic vernacular or atheists ment we face. Personally, I think this is putting Thursday, June 25, 1992 monopolized biblical nomenclature. The the cart before the horse. All those agencies Mr. DYMALLY. Mr. Speaker, I would like to image of Islam in America, and the con­ and laws are result, not the cause, of an ex­ sequential opinions about Muslim activists, bring to your attention this important op-ed is not based on fairness or justice but on po­ cess of committees and staff. piece written by Mr. Salam Al-Marayati, direc­ litical expediency and material interests. What we have now are too many doctors tor of the Muslim Public Affairs Council of Los In some countries, Muslims are prevented prescribing too many drugs. We fail to check Angeles. This editorial which underscores the from expressing their aspirations or griev- how all those drugs will react with each other, June 25, 1992 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 16515 but somehow we're still surprised when the would prohibit members from sending mass recorded in family lore that these four children, patient dies. Reducing and controlling the size mailings outside their district. Such practices brothers and sisters, were chosen by the slave of Congress is the first step towards control­ are obviously attempts to buy votes at the tax­ owner because "they were big enough to work ling the size and growth of Government and payer's expense, and they are an abuse of the in the cotton fields and do other chores on the bringing order to our current regulatory prac­ franking privilege. farm." tices. Second, the bill would direct the House to Parine, Amelia, Benjamin, and Julia lived My reform bill addresses these problems by amend several labor and safety laws to cover and worked on the West Feliciana Parish cutting the number of committees, subcommit­ Congress under their jurisdiction-including plantation until 1865, when they at last were tees, and their staff in half. The reduction National Labor Relations Act, the Occupational granted freedom following the Civil War. At would be done by a small, bipartisan commis­ Safety and Health Act, the Equal Pay Act, the that time, Parine married George William, sion working under caps of 15 full committees Age Discrimination Act, and others. Amelia married Willis Wells, and Ben married and 63 subcommittees, and it would force fu­ Currently, the House exempts itself from a young woman named Malinda. Julia married ture Congresses to focus their efforts on pass­ these bills, claiming that applying these laws a young man named William Brown, who had ing a few good bills, rather than lots of bad to Congress would conflict with the separation come from Virginia on the same slave train ones. of powers clause and would interfere with the with Parine, Amelia, Benjamin, and Julia, and Other changes to the committee system in­ internal workings of the House. been bought by the same plantation owner. clude adjusting the ratios of both members Aside from the fact that every business in This union was the beginning of the Brown and staff on committees to more accurately re­ America could make the second point, the first Family, whose descendants gather in Wash­ flect membership of the House as a whole and argument is a specious argument which con­ ington, DC, this weekend. One of those de­ limiting the tenure of membership on any par­ veniently allows Congress to ignore the very scendants, now a DC resident, is Donna ticular committee. It's time to end the dynasty employment practices it imposes on the rest of Brazile, my chief of staff, press secretary, and mentality of the current committee practices, the country. By applying these laws to Con­ indispensable right hand. For this accomplish­ where one member elected by 500,000 has gress, congressmen would face the direct im­ ment alone, I am indebted to the Brown family power over all 250 million Americans. pact of their efforts to improve the workplace. of Louisiana. I wish them a wonderful week­ REFORM THE LEGISLATIVE PROCESS I think this new perspective would improve the end, full of love and laughter and memory­ This week, we witnessed the spectacle of legislation we choose to adopt. making experiences. the House introducing restricted rules for ap­ CONCLUSION The Brown family's goal has always been propriations bills the same month in which it In the 103d Congress, we can expect to see and continues to encourage its young people agreed that we can reduce the deficit by mak­ a large influx of new members. These new to follow their dreams and to make them a re­ ing those tough choices and hard decisions. representatives are going to be more conserv­ ality. This they learned from their ancestors, Obviously, there is some disagreement on ative, more in touch with their districts, and those four young children who were placed on whose tough choices are going to be consid­ more reform-minded than those members they a block in New Orleans one day and sold like ered. While the inconsistency of this develop­ replace. so many cattle. Those four children were ment is hard to swallow, the rules used to en­ In my mind, this presents us with an oppor­ strong enough and determined enough to force these actions are even more unsavory. tunity to enact real congressional reform now, overcome the barbaric inhumanity to which This bill makes it difficult for any majority in rather than wait for the next Congress. The re­ they were subjected. And today's descendants the House, Republican or Democrat, to run forms outlined above are a straightforward have inherited that extraordinary courage. I rough-shod over the minority. It does so by means to make the House more responsive, know that my colleagues in this body will join ensuring that the minority always has the right efficient, and accountable. It's time to rebuild me in wishing the Brown family continued suc­ to offer a motion to recommit with instructions. America's faith in its government. It's time to cess and happiness. This is a simple change from current prac­ reform Congress. tices, but it goes a long way toward ensuring that the minority always has the opportunity to HAITI: TEST CASE FOR present their position. TRIBUTE TO THE BROWN FAMILY HEMISPHERIC PEACEKEEPING My bill also requires that rules waiving AS THEY GATHER IN WASHING­ points of order need a two-thirds majority to TON, DC, FOR THEIR ANNUAL HON. CHARLES B. RANGEL pass. Currently, a simple majority vote can FAMILY REUNION OF NEW YORK waive all points of order and thereby side-step IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES every rule in the House. What's the point of Thursday, June 25, 1992 having rules if we can ignore them so easily. HON. ELEANOR HOLMES NORTON Mr. RANGEL. Mr. Speaker, I rise to call to This reform makes those waivers a little hard­ the attention of my colleagues a recent news­ er to obtain. OF THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA To streamline the movement of legislation paper article by the Honorable LAWRENCE IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES through committee, my bill prohibits joint refer­ SMITH, my colleague from Florida, outlining a proposal for the involvement of the United Na­ rals. If a bill's content crosses the jurisdiction Thursday, June 25, 1992 of two or more committees, the Speaker of the tions to resolve the crisis in Haiti. Throughout the crisis in that suffering na­ House would need to select which committee Ms. NORTON. Mr. Speaker, with so much tion, Congressman SMITH has been a constant has primary consideration. This would elimi­ talk these days about family values, it gives and forceful supporter of the restoration of de­ nate the constant turf battles we have wit­ me great pleasure to pay special tribute here mocracy to Haiti. And in his compassion for nessed in the past on omnibus and controver­ in this body to the Brown family, natives of the fleeing boat people, he has demonstrated sial legislation. Louisiana, who gather in the Metropolitan While being considered by committee, my Washington, DC, region this weekend for their outstanding wisdom and unusual political cour­ bill prohibits the use of proxies to cast votes. annual family reunion. The Brown family has age in a way that has made me proud to be Combined with the smaller number of commit­ long been known for its integrity and commit­ his friend and colleague. With the greatest admiration and respect for tees, this reform would force members to at­ ment to family. A firm and fervent devotion to the writer, I offer you the article by Congress­ tend committee mark-ups and pay attention to God is the solid foundation of their strength man LAWRENCE SMITH, which appeared in the the legislation they are voting on. It would also and faith; they pass that strength and that faith Christian Science Monitor dated June 16, prevent the current abuse of the committee down from generation to generation. And, after 1992. process by committee chairman ramming their all, isn't this what family values is all about? legislation and amendments with a fist full of HAITI-A TEST CASE FOR HEMISPHERIC In the mid-1800's, the Brown family's fore­ PEACEKEEPING proxies. bears were brought to New Orleans on a (By Lawrence J. Smith) CONTROL CONGRESSIONAL EXCESS slave train from Richmond, VA. Four children, It is time to do " the right thing on Haiti," The final area this legislation addresses is Parine, Amelia, Benjamin, and Julia, were as George Bush would have it. We should do ttie area of congressional excess. In this re­ bought at a slave auction in New Orleans by what we should have done immediately after spect, the bill targets two reforms. First, it a West Feliciana Parish plantation owner. It is the coup: Give Haiti back to the Haitians. 16516 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 25, 1992 A human rights tragedy is under way in This wrong policy can be easily righted. CONGRESSMAN KILDEE HONORS Haiti. Since the coup, the Haitian military Asylum claims could be processed more THE PONTIAC AREA TRANSI­ has been systematically terrorizing the Hai­ quickly if more Immigration officials were TIONAL HOUSING FAMILY SERV­ tian people. International human rights or­ sent to Guantanamo Bay. Refugees not ganizations estimate that 1,500 Haitians were qualifying for asylum would be returned to ICE CENTER killed in the months following the coup. Haiti, making room available for incoming That is a conservative figure. people. When the political crisis ends, the HON. DALE E. KILDEE Even slight support for deposed President immigration crisis will subside. Jean-Bertrand Aristide can be lethal. Two In 1989, Secretary of State James A. Baker OF MICHIGAN weeks ago, businessmen Georges Izmery, III told the OAS, " We have it in our power to IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES brother of prominent Aristide supporter create, here, in the Americas, the world's Thursday, June 25, 1992 Antoine Izmery, was shot to death by gun­ first completely democratic hemisphere." men believed to be linked with the Haitian Only an adequate enforcement mechanism Mr. KILDEE. Mr. Speaker, it is with great military. can take us beyond this rhetoric to a genu­ pride that I rise today before my colleagues in The security problem has been magnified ine hemispheric defense of democracy. Haiti the House of Representatives to pay tribute to by Haiti's reversion to a police state, which is an important test cast. an organization that is serving on the front President Aristide had worked hard to shut Rather than stand on the sidelines, the na­ down. The Duvaliers' secret police, the tions of the hemisphere should act collec­ lines in the war against homelessness, Pon­ Tanton Macoutes, were released by the de tively now to restore democracy in Haiti. tiac Area Transitional Housing [PATH]. With facto regime, and once again are in control. Let's really do the right thing on Haiti: Send the support of the Junior League of Bir­ The Haitian crisis has reached a critical the peacekeepers. mingham and others, PA TH has been able to phase. The rank-and-file of the Haitian mili­ build the Family Service Center at its head­ tary are becoming restive. They reportedly quarters in Pontiac, Ml. have not been paid for two months. The A TRIBUTE TO W.L. "LES" On Sunday, June 21, 1992, PATH and the upper echelons of the military could face a SIMPSON fearsome sergeants' revolt if they do not sat­ Junior League of Birmingham celebrated the isfy their lower strata. If pro-Aristide sup­ grand opening of all of PATH's facilities with a porters simultaneously decide that enough is HON. IKE SKELTON dedication ceremony, unveiling the name of enough, a catastrophe could ensue. OF MISSOURI the building and recognizing over 150 bene­ In February, I introduced an amendment, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES factors who have helped make this vision a re­ which the House of Representatives passed, Thursday, June 25, 1992 ality. calling on the president to ask the United The construction of the Family Service Cen­ Nations or the Organization of American Mr. SKELTON. Mr. Speaker, W.L. "Les" States (OAS) to dispatch a peacekeeping Simpson, publisher of the Holden Progress for ter has helped PA TH realize its goal of provid­ force to Haiti to provide security and protect 31 years, will be honored in September when ing much-needed assistance to homeless human rights. I had previously asked the ad­ he will be inducted into the Missouri News­ women and children. PATH helps young ministration to take such a measure. paper Hall of Fame. I congratulate Les Simp­ women and single mothers make the transition Diplomacy has not resolved the Haitian from a life of homelessness and poverty into crisis because the Haitian military does not son for his outstanding work in the newspaper publishing industry. a lifestyle of independence and security. The respond to diplomacy. They do not care program provides a safe, structured, and nur­ about international opinion or the suffering Les Simpson first gained interest in the of the Haitian people. newspaper business through his father, the turing environment for homeless women, fos­ But an international show of resolve with late W.L. Simpson, Sr., who was the publisher tering the development of their economic au­ UN "blue helmets" would compel the Hai­ of the Rolla Times. Les Simpson and his tonomy, self-esteem, and self-sufficiency. tian army of 7,000 to accept a return to de­ brother Greene assumed major responsibility Residents of PATH work at the Junior League mocracy. The first step toward a solution in Bargain Box, which provides them with valu­ Haiti thus should be the establishment of an in printing and publishing the paper during the last 5 years of their father's life. The news­ able employment training and work experi­ international security force on the island ence. under the auspices of the UN and the OAS. paper was sold shortly after his father's death. We must make the militaries of this hemi­ In 1939, he and his wife, Madeline, moved PATH currently houses 17 women and 33 sphere understand that any usurpation of a to Mount Vernon, KY, where they managed children in its residential building, with an addi­ democratic nation's sovereignty, including the Mount Vernon Signal together. In 1942, tional single-family home located directly be­ coups d'etat, will not be tolerated by the na­ Les was named editor of the Danville Advo­ hind the residential building. Furthermore, a tions of the Americas. cate-Messenger, a daily newspaper in central day care center is also located in the building. Opponents of such an international peace­ The Family Service Center houses PATH's keeping force claim it would violate inter­ Kentucky. Under his leadership, the paper was national law. While the OAS Charter sup­ named "Best Community Daily" in the State latchkey program, a vital support service for ports the principle of nonintervention, it by the Kentucky Press Association in 1943. working parents. It is this integration of serv­ just as strongly proclaims that member na­ In June 1944, he returned to Missouri and ices that will allow social services to be more tions must defend representative democracy. purchased the Holden Progress. In his capa­ effective. The center contains several different The OAS position, on defense of democracy ble hands, the Holden Progress prospered to offices, including counseling, classrooms, a li­ has evolved recently. In June 1991, the OAS become one of the leading weekly papers in brary, community room, and laundry facilities. passed the " Santiago Commitment to De­ The center is also connected to the residential mocracy," which st£.ted that protection of the State. In 1957, Les Simpson became the human rights and representative democracy president of the Missouri Press Association. building through spacious corridors on the were " indispensable conditions for the sta­ During his career, he also acted as the presi­ main floor and the basement level providing bility, peace, and development of the re­ dent of the Central Missouri Press Association both convenience and security. Since many of gion." and the Democratic Editors of Missouri. His the women housed at the center are victims of Several OAS member nations with fresh publishing skills also translated into political domestic violence, providing a secure environ­ memories of military regimes support the skill in the several statewide political cam­ ment is extremely important. use of force to reverse the overthrow of a paigns that he oversaw. Mr. Speaker, it is with great pride that I rise democratically elected government. The before you today to honor Pontiac Area Tran­ United States should join these countries in During his years in Holden, he contributed a new OAS effort in defense of democracy. his time to many service and civic organiza­ sitional Housing for the crucial services it pro­ The hemisphere-wide embargo of Haiti is tions, including serving as president of the vides to homeless women and children. I ask making the poor of Haiti despairingly poor­ chamber of commerce and Holden Industrial that you and my fellow Members of Congress er, hungrier, and sicker. The rich, mean­ Development Corp. In 1975, Les Simpson re­ join me in saluting this wonderful organization. while, are stockpiling healthy inventories of tired at the age of 67 after more than 50 years PATH has taken on the monumental task of luxury items and oil, compliments of our Eu­ in the newspaper business. reintegrating homeless women and children ropean friends. Meanwhile, President Bush's election year Now a resident of Odessa, MO, Les Simp­ into the mainstream of American society. We anti-immigration directive turns away refu­ son continues to reflect the best of the news­ should take note of what is being accom­ gees without enabling them to claim perse­ paper industry as he is inducted into the Mis­ plished in Oakland County, Ml, and rededicate cution. Even worse, it threatens the entire souri Newspaper Hall of Fame. I congratulate ourselves to fighting homelessness throughout international system to protect refugees. him on his award. the United States. June 25, 1992 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 16517 TRIBUTE TO THE TOMB FAMILY THE PROBLEM [In percent) In 1988, smoking ended the lives of 430,000 Age group Marlboro Camel HON. JOHN P. MURTHA Americans. According to a study published in the Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, Teenagers 12- 17 42 29 OF PENNSYLVANIA 12-13-year-olds ... N.A. 34 IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES smoking caused 201,000 deaths due to car­ diovascular disease, 112,000 due to lung can­ Thursday, June 25 , 1992 cers, 83,000 due to chronic lung disease, and Marlboro and Camel are the brands of Mr. MURTHA. Mr. Speaker, I rige today to 31 ,000 due to other cancers. Thus, smoking is choice for 80 percent of males and 85 percent pay tribute to the Tomb family of Indiana, PA, responsible for 1 in 5 deaths every year. Esti­ of females aged 12 to 17. In every age group, on the occasion of the Tomb Family Bicenten­ mates on the effects of passive smoking, or Marlboro was the brand identified as being the nial Reunion. second-hand smoke, place its death toll at most advertised, except in the 12-13 year This reunion commemorates that moment over 40,000 people each year. Therefore, of group where Camel took over. Looking at the 200 years ago when the Tomb family arrived all the Americans who die each year, 1 in 50 chart, you can notice a definite trend of higher in America to make their home, as well as to die because someone else around them recognition in the younger age groups. celebrate the founding of Armagh, PA, by their smoked. Smoking affects us all, smokers and Another study in the same JAMA issue also forefathers. non-smokers alike. Whether you are in a bar illustrated children's greater recognition of the Family will be arriving to participate from or you are walking in an office building, smoke Old Joe Camel cartoon character. I will sum­ places as far away as India and Eastern Eu­ lingers in the air and into our lungs. Today, marize their findings: rope. Also joining the family on this historic oc­ smoking is like gambling. Smokers not only casion will be His Honor and Mrs. George gamble with their lives, but with our lives as [In percent) Maccartney, chairman of the Armagh District well. Adu lts Ch ildren Council of Armagh, , the sister Look at the prevalence of lung cancer in city to Armagh, PA. women. In the 1960's, few women had been Reported prior exposure to Old Joe ...... 72 98 Ab le to identify the product Old Joe is promoting The family is one our most precious institu­ smoking long enough for lung cancer to de­ (cigarettes) ...... 67 98 tions and in this day and age it is an honor for velop, which takes about 20 years. The Amer­ Identify Old Joe with the Camel brand name 58 94 me to witness the gathering of a family who ican Cancer Society reports that the death has made the American dream a reality, and rate for lung cancer was 23.9 for every Whether intentional or not, Camel's Old Joe withstood the test of time. 100,000 women between 1960 and 1964. In advertising reaches out to the playgrounds of I ask my colleagues to join me in saluting 1986, however, this figure jumped 446 percent America. the Tomb family and their contribution to to 130.4 deaths. Breast cancer was the lead­ Old Joe even gives Mickey Mouse a run for Pennsylvania and America. ing cause of death for all cancers in women his money. According to another study, the for 40 years until 1987, when lung cancer took recognition rates for the Disney logo, which is over. You've come a long way, baby! Well, a silhouette of Mickey Mouse, was greater STOPPING TOBACCO INDUSTRY maybe not. ADVERTISING than Joe Camel for kids 3 to 5 years old, but WE ARE LOOKING FOR A FEW GOOD MEN-PREFERABLY no significant difference occurred in the 6- YOUNG year-old group. Approximately 91 percent of HON. FORTNEY PETE STARK Each year, 2 million people in the United kids 6 years of age correctly matched Joe OF CALIFORNIA States quit smoking. Of those, 430,000 have Camel with a picture of a cigarette. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES no problem quitting cold turkey-the only And the end results of the Joe Camel cam­ Thursday, June 25, 1992 catch is they have to be buried in the ground. paign are astounding. The illegal under-18 cig­ Consequently, the tobacco industry has the Mr. STARK. Mr. Speaker, today I am re­ arette market accounts for 3.3 percent of all formidable task of making up for their loss of introducing legislation that would remove all cigarette sales. This may sound like pennies, clientele. Although the industry fails to admit it, tax deductions from advertisements and pro­ but it translates into millions of dollars. Three they focus their aim at recruiting teenagers. motions which encourage the use of tobacco years ago, Camel's share of this market stood The president of the American Cancer Soci­ at 0.5 percent. But after Joe Camel came to products. ety, Charles Lemaistre, M.D., stated that 90 Yesterday's court decision allowing the pub­ the United States, their share jumped to 32.8 percent of all smokers began their road to nic­ lic to sue cigarette companies about the health percent. Thus, Camel's sales to teenagers otine addiction during their teenage years, and hazards of smoking is probably a good step. rose from $6 million to $476 million. of those, 60 percent were hooked by the ninth It lets victims of cigarette advertising-or more This dramatic increase did not go unnoticed grade. Thus to stay in business, tobacco com­ likely, their heirs-recover some money to in the tobacco industry. Brown & Williamson, panies must break their own advertising code, make up for the agony caused by smoking-in­ the makers of Kool cigarettes, has been test­ which states they will avoid advertising to peo­ ing a cartoon version of its penguin, Willie. duced illness and early death. ple under 21, and direct their promotions to­ But why not just stop cigarette advertising? Maybe someday we will see Willie and Joe wards teenagers. The two worst perpetrators Stop the murder? Camel on Saturday morning cartoons. And if of the code are Marlboro and Camel. that happens, I will bet the tobacco industry There are first amendment questions that al­ The Surgeon General of the United States, ways get raised on this kind of question. will still claim their cartoon characters have no Antonia Novello, Congressmen MAZZOLI, influence on children. Those smokescreens can be dealt with. But SYNAR, and ATKINS, Congresswoman SCHROE­ there is no first amendment argument against DER, the American Medical Association, and a KEEP UP THE FIGHT Now is not the time to slow down the anti­ denying tax deductions for these business ex­ number of antismoking groups have asked smoking drive. Cigarettes are the only com­ penses. And if such tax deductions are de­ RJR Nabisco Co., the maker of Camel, to end monly sold product that when used correctly nied, if such advertising expenses have to their Old Joe campaign because it influences come out of corporate profits, I think the ad­ young children. Even Advertising Age editorial­ causes death. We must continue the fight vertising would quickly dry up and the industry ized against the ads. The Journal of the Amer­ against the culprit that is responsible for more would atrophy-as do people with lung can­ ican Medical Association published three arti­ deaths than drug abuse, alcohol, AIDS, and cer. cles in the December 11 , 1991, issue that automobile accidents combined. According to The tobacco industry uses $3.6 billion a dealt with tobacco advertising and its relation the Centers for Disease Control, the number year to entice not only adults to smoke, but to young children. One study asked people of adults in the United States who smoke teenagers and preschoolers as well. I find it a from different age groups what brand they dropped to 25.5 percent last year, down from curious public policy that we support the in­ thought was the most advertised. I will sum­ 42 percent in 1965. And the decline among dustry's Mickey Mouse advertising by giving marize their findings: blacks, who now smoke at the same rate as them $1.2 billion a year in tax breaks while si­ whites, has been dramatic. If the smoking multaneously spending billions of dollars treat­ [In percent) trends continue to the year 2000, only 15 per­ ing smoking-related illnesses and discouraging cent of the Nation will be lighting up. But with- potential smokers from starting. We need to _____Ag_e _gr_ou_p ______Ma_r1_bo_ro __ca_m_e 1 out our continued vigilance, this trend will end. instill some consistency in our policies. Adults 18 and over ...... 34 14 Tobacco companies are doing everything in 16518 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 25, 1992 their power to stop the slide in smoking. Since did believe that the welfare rules and regula­ essarily true. By putting a new spin on the 1980, the tobacco company's advertising has tions, originally designed to prevent abuse, old-fashioned technique of relying on per­ increased 97 percent, even after adjusting for made it difficult for the poor to climb out of sonal contact rather than impersonal credit inflation. Because the Federal Government their poverty. He cited the example of how a evaluations, the two institutions manage to get paid back at enviable rates. fails to do enough to curb smoking, the States welfare mother with talent and interest in hair­ WSEP depends on four other low-income are adopting smoking regulations. There are dressing might use that talent and interest to women in Ms. Wallace's " borrowing circle" 34 States that have laws restricting smoking in start a business were it not for the welfare to make sure she makes her loan payments public worksites and 15 States have restric­ rules that won't let her save enough money to on time. The gimmick seems to work. In tions in private workplaces. But the tobacco in­ get started. It doesn't matter where the sav­ three years of making loans of a few thou­ dustry is fighting these measures. For exam­ ings come from. No matter how she manages sand dollars each to circles of low-income ple, the industry spent $3 million to stop smok­ to save, under current welfare rules those sav­ women without so much as a credit check- 60 loans in all- WSEP hasn't had a single de­ ing restriction initiatives in 5 communities in ings become an asset-an asset that could re­ fault. my home State of California. Luckily the health duce or eliminate her welfare eligibility. The notion comes from Bangladesh, where of the people prevailed, for Massachusetts After giving other examples of the perverse the Grameen Bank pioneered the use of peer may not be so fortunate. The tobacco industry effect of rules designed to prevent abuse, Mr. pressure as a way to assure repayment of the plans to spend $8 million to defeat a proposal Raspberry asked the question, and I quote, small loans it makes to landless villagers. in that State to increase the cigarette excise "Wouldn't it make sense to change the rules mostly women. Founded in 1983 by a vision­ tax by 25 cents. By the way, all of the indus­ to positively encourage poor people to go into ary named Muhammed Yunus. the bank has try's advertising is tax deductible, courtesy of business for themselves?" The article closed hundreds of thousands of borrowers and a world-wide network of disciples. Although the Federal Government. In California, propo­ by giving a description of a program in Chi­ WSEP sticks most closely to the Grameen sition 99 also raised the tax by the same cago, IL, which was doing just that-trying to model, other foundation-backed experiments amount in 1988 and the results were astonish­ foster economic independence on the part of in " micro enterprise" lending are under ing. California used some of the $550 million welfare recipients by helping them to start way-with mixed results- in a dozen or so of revenue raised by this tax for antismoking their own businesses. other pockets of poverty in the U.S .. from a campaigns. According to a study done by the Intrigued by Raspberry's column I visited the Sioux reservation in South Dakota to South University of California, San Diego, the smok­ Women's Self-Employment Program [WSEP]. Central Los Angeles. WSEP designed a program which enables South Shore Bank is more conventional. It ing rate of Californians declined 17 percent specializes in loans other bankers shun: between 1987 and 1991, compared to only 8 women receiving welfare benefits to experi­ loans to buy and renovate small apartment percent for the United States. ence greater choice and control over their buildings in a handful of rundown Chicago You can see we are making great progress. lives by giving them the opportunity to start neighborhoods and loans to novice minority The U.S. Supreme Court yesterday cleared their own businesses. I came away a true be­ entrepreneurs. The bank and its affiliates the way for lawsuits against tobacco compa­ liever. have financed the rehabilitation of about nies for deceiving the public about the health This week I was pleased to see that WSEP 30% of the 25,000 apartments in South Shore, hazards of smoking. Harvard Law Professor, continues to push economic independence helping to rescue a neighborhood that fell on Laurence H. Tribe, said, "this is a major vic­ through small business formation. WSEP was hard times about 25 years ago as middle-in­ highlighted on page 1 by the Wall Street Jour­ come whites fled and lower-income blacks tory for all of those who want to hold the ciga­ moved in. rette companies accountable." Even the Bush nal on June 23, 1992. I respectfully request Yet the bank has been consistently profit­ administration is behind the ruling. Secretary that the article be made a part of the CON­ able, and its loan-loss figures compare favor­ of Health and Human Services, Dr. Louis Sulli­ GRESSIONAL RECORD to serve as an inspiration ably with those of similar-sized banks. Last van, said, "I applaud the Supreme Court's de­ for aspiring entrepreneurs across the country. year's losses were a respectable 0.67% of cision to hold the tobacco industry at least SMALL VICTORIES: TWO UNUSUAL LENDERS loans outstanding. It has been stuck with partly accountable for the millions of deaths SHOW How " BAD RISKS" CAN BE GOOD BUSI­ just one piece of real estate in the past three years. and billions of dollars in medical costs associ­ NESS ated with smoking-related illnesses." We can (By David Wessel) PEDDLING PERFUME make a start by removing the tobacco indus­ CHICAGO-Dorothy Wallace would seem a Part of its secret seems to be a willingness to make loans as much on character as on try's tax deductions for advertising and pro­ lender's nightmare. Separated from her hus­ band, she is on welfare with her two teen­ collateral. In a market where many other motion. agers. She hasn't held a steady job sine 1984. bankers see only trouble, South Shore has Today I am introducing a bill which would She says her credit rating is "ruined by ac­ learned to discern the good risks and also to remove all deductions for advertisement and counts I messed up." keep close tabs on them after they borrow. promotion expenditures which involve the use Vivian Wilson wouldn't rank high on the " We spend a hell of a lot more time ... of tobacco products. typical banker's list, either. She operates a working with the borrower one-on-one," says guard service out of a windowless brick Richard Turner, senior vice president for building across from a burned out storefront lending. THE WOMEN'S SELF-EMPLOYMENT on a desolate stretch of 71st Street. When WSEP specializes in much smaller loans. PROGRAM, CHICAGO, IL she ran into cash-flow problems, she discov­ Dorothy Wallace, for instance, bought per­ ered that the bank where she had kept fume with her $800 loan from WSEP. Like money for decades was unwilling to lend to door-to-door peddlers of old. she carries a HON.ANDY IRELAND someone with hardly any collateral to put shoulder bag full of cologne, lotion and per­ OF FLORIDA up. fume that she sells to steady customers in IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES But Dorothy Wallace and Vivian Wilson downtown offic~s and to strangers on the are proving to be flawless borrowers now­ Chicago El. Thursday, June 25, 1992 thanks to two Chicago institutions that see Ms. Wallace began taking orders for the Mr. IRELAND. Mr. Speaker, last October I good bets in gritty neighborhoods where oth­ line of additive-free fragrances two years ago introduced H.R. 3471, the Small Business ers see hopeless cases. Ms. Wallace borrowed as a way to supplement welfare checks, and $800 from the Women's Self-Employment used her loan to buy inventory so she could Economic Opportunity Enhancement Act of Project, founded in 1986 to assist low-income offer instant delivery. Since she began at­ 1991 . My bill seeks to help the poorest of the women interested in self-employment as a tending twice-a-month meetings of her poor in this country to achieve financial inde­ way out of poverty. It is funded primarily by WSEP borrowing circle-a combination of pendence by establishing a 5-year demonstra­ contributions and loans from foundations consciousness-raising and business train­ tion program to provide direct loans to very and corporations. Ms. Wilson arranged a ing-she has begun to talk of opening an of­ small businesses, or "microenterprises." $250 ,000 line of credit from South Shore fice and working her way off welfare. I was introduced to the concept of micro­ Bank, a bank determined to prove that profit For now, though, she concentrates on mak­ enterprises as a result of a column on our Na­ and social progress are compatible. ing timely loan payments. She owes $33.22 Credit is the lifeblood of any economy, but every other week, but pays $40 to cut inter­ tion's welfare system and poverty by William in America's inner cities it has largely dried est charges. WSEP charges 15% interest on Raspberry. Mr. Raspberry wrote that he did up. Many bankers tend to view inner-city the one-year loan. Ms. Wallace is almost as not believe that welfare and other govern­ residents as lousy credit risks. But WSEP grateful for the moral support as for the mental antipoverty efforts created poverty. He and South Shore Bank show that's not nee- money, which helps explain why she and June 25, 1992 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 16519 other women are so diligent about making Micro-enterprise funds, something of a fad South Shore's lenders offer three expla­ their payments. "They gave me a chance to in economic development circles, are also nations for their track record. They stick to start all over again," she says. costly to run. In its circle fund and a sepa­ neighborhoods and businesses they know, NO DEFAULTS rate, more conventional loan program, often relying on franchisers to provide bor­ As they listen, the four other women in her WSEP has lent a total of $200,000 to 200 rowers with strategy and advice. They match circle-dubbed "Too Blessed" by its mem­ women. But it spends more than it lends. Ms. the borrower to the deal, often steering an bers-nod in unison. One sells jewelry that Evans estimates that about $280,000 of its overly ambitious novice rehabber to a small­ she makes, and borrowed $600 for materials. $700,000-a-year budget goes to running the er building. And they are quick to pounce on A retired bank clerk sells handsewn lingerie two loan programs, and some of the rest goes borrowers who fall behind, and just as quick and linens; she borrowed $700 to buy a heavy­ for related overhead. In part, this is because to locate buyers to get troubled borrowers duty sewing machine. A former Head Start WSEP is still experimenting, but it also re­ off the hook. "Our motto is: Knock them aide, who borrowed $500, is selling custom flects how costly it is to administer tiny down, but help them up," says James gift baskets and peddling fruit on street cor­ loans. Bringley, vice president for real estate and ners and parks. A woman with four children A Sl MILLION CONTRACT installment lending. He boasts that the bank of her own and four foster children hopes to writes off only about 1120 of 1 % of its real-es­ That's where South Shore Bank has an tate loans annually. learn to read and to get a day-care license. edge. Its loans are far smaller than those All five women live in Englewood, a neigh­ Both Mr. Shryock and Mr. Bringley deny that big banks make, but at least they are in that their bank serves as a behind-the-scenes borhood where every block has a boarded-up the tens or even hundreds of thousands of building, and two inches of bullet-proof plas­ partner, helping novices to run their busi­ dollars. South Shore Bank is owned by foun­ nesses. "It's not like we can't do lending in tic separates workers from customers at dations, churches and big corporations, the this neighborhood until we teach these 'igno­ Kentucky Fried Chicken. ultimate in patient capital, but it borrows rant people' what to do," Mr. Bringley says. The "Too Blessed" circle works like all the and lends at a profit just like any other But particularly in real estate, borrowers others that WSEP has established. The five bank. Like WSEP, it makes loans to people say the bank has helped teach them the busi­ members choose two to get the first loans. who often can't get credit elsewhere, but its ness. When plumber Leroy Jones and his The first two borrowers have to be current borrowers are typically working- or middle­ wife, Josephine, began renovating apartment for six weeks and all five members of the cir­ class. buildings on the south side, they met once or cle have to have attended three meetings in Like Vivian Wilson. Her successful bid on a twice a month with other landlords at break­ a row before the third is eligible. Peer pres­ $1 million contract to provide security fasts sponsored by South Shore. "The one sure is supposed to assure timely repayment. guards to the city of Chicago almost cost her And it does. In the past three years, WSEP thing I really learned that has really stuck the Star Security & Detective Agency Inc. with me is not to be a softie," Mrs. Jones has lent about $60,000 to 60 women without a that she inherited from her father. She says. single default; the late-payment rate is hadn't realized how slowly the city paid its Today, the Joneses own five buildings, all about 3%. By comparison, the American bills. After weeks of back and forth in the financed by South Shore. They say they no­ Bankers Association reports that the current spring of 1988, the bank in which Ms. Wilson tice how South Shore keeps close tabs on delinquency rate is around 3.75% on bank kept her accounts refused to make her a them. Their first building was purchased personal loans and 3% on credit cards. "Peer loan. To meet her payroll, she was dipping with a loan from another bank. "You know, support and peer pressure really serve as a into her savings and was within two weeks of I don't think they ever came by," Mrs. Jones good way to lower your risk," says Connie running out of cash. says. "Mr. Bringley is always saying, 'I Evans, WSEP's director. She ended up at Mr. Shryock's desk at drove past your building. I see you put a new Beatrice Lynn Hardy, a budding graphic South Shore Bank. "That kind of receivable tree up.'" artist who borrowed $1,500 through another is hard to underwrite," he says today. "If circle in the same neighborhood, recalls the there is a problem, you worry that the city time she bounced a $61.50 loan-payment will say it's not a valid receivable." The PUT AN END TO UNFAIR INSUR­ check. Fearful that her misdeed would hurt owners of bigger businesses put up personal another woman who was up for a loan, she ANCE DISCRIMINATION BASED assets in similar circumstances; Ms. Wilson ON HEALTH STATUS frantically called the WSEP office and the hadn't much to pledge besides a small apart­ would-be borrower to explain. This from a ment building she owned. woman who describes her credit record with But Mr. Shryock was impressed that Star HON. RICHARD J. DURBIN a silent "thumbs down." Security had been around since 1923. And he OF ILLINOIS MIXED RESULTS was impressed by Ms. Wilson's daughter, a IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Results from other experiments with the Chicago police officer who helps run the Thursday, June 25, 1992 peer-pressure technique are mixed. In rural firm. "We had confidence she could make the Arkansas, a borrowing circle called the Good city payment system work," he says. Within Mr. DURBIN. Mr. Speaker, today I am intro­ Faith Fund found it insufficient. In its first two weeks, he had arranged the $250,000 line ducing legislation to end unfair insurance dis­ two years, the fund had a 40% default rate, of credit, secured in part by her apartment crimination based on health status. The Health and it has since moved away from the classic building. The bank keeps close tabs on Star's Insurance Fairness Act of 1992 will stop the Grameen model. "Peer pressure isn't as sig­ cash flow because all of Star's accounts are practices that lock people out of today's health kept at South Shore, which gets copies of all nificant as it might be in a place like Ban­ insurance market. gladesh," says Director Julia Vindasus. "But its bills. the peer support is really important. It's a The loan illustrates South Shore's style. It The sad fact about our health insurance very isolating thing running your own busi­ didn't demand the collateral, detailed bor­ system is that, even if a person is currently ness.'' rowing history or audited cash flow state­ healthy, at any time they could be struck with But managers of the Lakota Fund on the ments that bankers usually get from busi­ a health problem that could prevent them from Pine Ridge Indian Reservation in South Da­ ness borrowers. It found a way to limit its obtaining health coverage in the future. kota, who initially shunned the peer-pres­ risk-in this instance by getting half the People who have diabetes, multiple sclero­ sure approach, now embrace it. In 1987, loan guaranteed by a fund established by a sis, Parkinson's disease, or a variety of other Lakota made 68 individual loans. More than purchasing managers' group to help minor­ conditions are often denied health insurance. half the loan payments were late; 28% of the ity-owned business. People with a heart condition or other car­ money was never paid back. · So Lakota South Shore more often relies on the began forming borrowing circles in 1989. Small Business Administration for guaran­ diovascular problems, arthritis, rheumatism, or After $26,000 in loans to 13 circles, the de­ tees, but it rarely calls on government to a variety of other conditions are often told by fault rate is running around 7%. "You don't make good on them. In three of the past five insurers that they can only be insured if the lose many loans," says Director Elsie Meeks. years, South Shore's loan losses (including preexisting condition is excluded from cov­ "Someone always knows where the borrow­ losses on loans that were partially guaran­ erage. ers are." teed by the government) were less than half More than 81 million Americans under age Despite the obvious appeal of turning wel­ the rate reported by similar-sized banks 65 have a chronic health condition for which fare moms into entrepreneurs, some people across the country. The recession took its some insurers deny insurance, exclude cov­ are skeptical that many poor women can es­ toll in 1990 and 1991, though, hitting South erage of the preexisting condition, or raise cape poverty through self-employment. "If Shore harder than banks that hadn't been as my sister was on welfare, would I tell her to aggressive. Last year's 0.67% loan loss rate premiums by at least 50 percent. start a business? No," says David Shryock, exceeded the 0.42% reported to the govern­ In short, the people who need health insur­ South Shore Bank's vice president for com­ ment by other small banks. Sour loans to ance the most are the most likely to be denied mercial lending. "Then why should I tell three fast-food franchises and two auto deal­ coverage, and anyone could become ill and some poor black woman on welfare to do it?" ers were to blame. subject to exclusion at any time. 16520 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 25, 1992 But these people aren't just statistics. Each health insurance within the previous 3 months. ployer stops providing health insurance. It will one is an individual and each one has a story. This requirement applies to all group health protect people from insurers who refuse to I'm sure my colleagues have heard from con­ plans, including large and small groups, self­ renew individual coverage or who ratchet up stituents, as I have, who either cannot obtain insured companies, and MEWA's. premium levels through the so-called "death health insurance because of preexisting condi­ Furthermore, insurers shall not offer group spiral" associated with the practice of grouping tions or have suffered large premium hikes be­ health plans that vary the rates charged to people in small insurance pools. cause of their own health history or the health employers based on employee health status In each of these cases, the person has care claims of their coworkers. They tell us or past claims experience. been part of the insurance system and should stories like the3e: The bill also establishes standards for indi­ not be excluded from continued coverage be­ "My new employer will cover me, but the in­ vidual insurance: cause they are shifting to an individual policy. surance won't cover my son because he has For individuals who were previously covered My legislation will provide them with basic pro­ a kidney problem." for at least 2 years by a group or individual tection. "They won't give me health insurance be­ health plan and applied for individual insur­ The Health Insurance Fairness Act estab­ cause I have diabetes." ance within 3 months of the termination of lishes some important standards that are "I got sick last year, so this year they're such coverage, insurers shall not deny, limit, missing from many of the other bills that would doubling my premiums." or condition coverage or benefits, nor charge reform the health insurance system. "One of my employees had a heart trans­ higher premiums, based on the health status For example, in addition to portability provi­ plant and now the insurance company has or past claims experience of the individual. sions that prohibit group health plans from de­ raised my rates so high I may have to termi­ Premiums may continue to vary based on age, nying or limiting an individual's coverage or nate the plan for all of my employees." sex, and geographic area. benefits based on health status, my bill will Mr. Speaker, in recent years, health insur­ For individuals who were not previously cov­ also prohibit those plans from charging higher ance has become a game of cherry-picking ered for at least 2 years, the same restrictions premiums based on health status. where only the healthy get covered. Preexist­ shall apply, except that insurers may impose a In addition to prohibiting small group insur­ ing conditions exclusions and experience rat­ preexisting conditions exclusion of up to 2 ance plans from charging higher rates to em­ ing based on health status have unfairly years for conditions present during the pre­ ployers based on employee health status or locked millions of Americans out of the insur­ vious 1 year. This waiting period for preexist­ past claims experience, my bill will extend that ance market. ing conditions will protect the insurers from important principle to groups of all sizes. There was a time when health insurance "adverse selection" and encourage people to In addition to providing portability when peo­ treated everyone equally. All insured persons obtain insurance while they are healthy. ple move from one group plan to another, my paid the same premium, received the same Finally, the bill includes additional reforms in bill will extend the portability provisions to indi­ coverage, and gained the same assurance the small-employer market that generally fol­ vidual insurance coverage to more completely that if they were the ones who ended up with low those in H.R. 3626, the incremental reform address the problem of job-lock. major medical bills, the insurance would pay. bill introduced by the distinguished chairman Finally, whereas most of the other insurance But in the past two decades, we have of the Ways and Means Committee, Mr. Ros­ reform packages have nothing to say to indi­ moved far away from the community rating ap­ TENKOWSKI. Those provisions include guaran­ viduals who have a preexisting condition and proach that originally opened the door to teed eligibility, guaranteed issue, and guaran­ have not been able to maintain continuous health insurance for so many Americans. teed renewability-which ensure that every coverage, my bill will give them access to the In the words of John Burry, Jr., chairman small group and all of the members of small individual insurance market. They will be able and CEO of Blue Cross/Blue Shield of Ohio: group will be treated fairly-and limits on rate to seek individual insurance that will imme­ Commercial insurance companies learned variations so that the premiums do not vary diately cover all of their health needs not relat­ they could undersell the community-rated ed to their preexisting conditions, and that will market by insuring only healthy people to from community rating by more than a speci­ make healthier profits for their sharehold­ fied amount. I would like to request that a cover health costs related to those preexisting ers. This " cherry-picking" practice led to summary of the Health Insurance Fairness Act conditions after 2 years. The days of lifelong the demise of community rating. The result be reprinted immediately following this state­ preexisting conditions exclusions will be over. was we stopped taking care of each other and ment. Mr. Speaker, I would like to invite my col­ created a me-first system. Mr. Speaker, some people are saying that if leagues to join me as cosponsors of the While some responsible voices in the health we can't achieve comprehensive health care Health Insurance Fairness Act. I would also insurance industry deplore this reality, no sin­ reform this year, we should not have any like to invite them to work with me to ensure gle company can afford to take the necessary health care reform at all. I disagree. While that these principles are included in the health steps to restore sanity and fairness to the comprehensive health care reform is needed, care legislation that moves through Congress market. The Health Insurance Fairness Act of there are important things we can do right later this year. 1992 will do what insurance companies will away that will help Americans. THE HEALTH INSURANCE FAIRNESS ACT OF 1992 not or cannot do on their own: It will put an This bill will, for the first time, give to many ALL GROUP HEALTH PLANS, INCLUDING LARGE end to some of the recent practices in health people with preexisting conditions the oppor­ AND SMALL GROUPS, SELF-INSURED, AND coverage that have taken 1,1s so far away from tunity to have access to health insurance. MEW A' S the fairness of community rating. It will, for the first time, guarantee to people 1. Group health plans shall not deny, limit, The basic principle of my bill is this: No one that they will not encounter exorbitant pre­ or condition coverage or benefits for an indi­ should be denied coverage or charged a high­ mium increases just because they or their fel­ vidual, nor charge higher premiums, based low employees had the misfortune to beome on the health status or past claims experi­ er premium because of their health status or ence of the individual, except that plans may past claims experience or because of the ill. impose a preexisting conditions exclusion of health status or past claims experience of a This bill will end health-insurance-related up to 6 months for conditions present during fellow employee. "job-lock" and provide portability so that any­ the previous 3 months if the person has not Specifically, the bill establishes the following one who has health insurance coverage can had health insurance within the previous 3 health insurance standards for group health obtain new coverage if they are no longer cov­ months. [Effective 111193] plans: ered by the old policy. 2. Insurers shall not offer group heal th Group health plans shall not deny, 'limit, or Finally, this measure will address the needs plans that vary the rates charged to employ­ condition coverage or benefit for an individual, of people who have had health insurance for ers based on employee health status or past claims experience. [l/1/94] nor charge higher premiums, based on the years and find themselves suddenly unable to health status or past claims experience of the obtain group coverage. It will extend insurance INDIVIDUAL INSURANCE individual. However, to protect insurers from portability to people whose employment-based 3. For individuals who were previously cov­ people who might wait to obtain health insur­ coverage ends and who are not covered by ered for at least 2 years by a group or indi­ vidual health plan and applied for individual ance until they are sick, plans may impose a COBRA or whose COBRA coverage runs out, insurance within 3 months of the termi­ preexisting conditions exclusion of up to 6 including people who retire before age 65. It nation of such coverage, insurers shall not months for conditions present during the pre­ will provide alternatives to people whose insur­ deny, limit, or condition coverage or bene­ vious 3 months if the person has not had ance company goes bankrupt or whose em- fits, nor charge higher premiums, based on June 25, 1992 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 16521 the health status or past claims experience The current school nutrition program is at a would not have to be concerned about the of the individual. Premiums may continue to major crossroads. Since 1980, we have seen image of participating in the National School vary based on age, sex, and geographic area. a very disturbing trend with regard to school Lunch program. [111/94] 4. For individuals who were not previously nutrition programs. In the last decade, Federal I fully appreciate, Mr. Speaker, that there covered for at least 2 years, the same apply, subsidies for school nutrition programs have will be those who say this is a great idea but except that insurers may impose a preexist­ been reduced; bonus USDA commodities it is one we cannot afford, given the size of ing conditions exclusion of up to 2 years for have essentially vanished; the administrative our deficit. I am certainly not oblivious to the conditions present during the previous 1 complexity and cost of administering the very real economic challenge we face as a year. This 2-year waiting period shall be re­ school nutrition program has increased dra­ country. To those individuals, I would answer duced by the number of months of continu­ matically; and indirect cost assessments made as follows: ous previous coverage, if any. An insurer by local school administrators are draining the First, the effective date on this legislation may offer to waive the exclusion in exchange for a higher premium during the waiting pe­ financial resources of the school food service would be the year 2000, to coincide with our riod, but the individual may reject this offer authorities. education goals for the Nation giving us time and take the coverage at the normal pre­ According to the American School Food to address the funding question. mium with the exclusion. [1/1194] Service Association, as a result of these de­ Second, before this legislation can be ADDITIONAL SMALL-GROUP INSURANCE REFORMS velopments, well over 100 schools have brought to the floor of the House, we must (2-50 EMPLOYEES) dropped out of the National School Lunch Pro­ identify how to fund such a program. One pos­ 5. Insurers shall not exclude any specific gram since 1989. This number does not in­ sibility which has been suggested by some, employees, or their dependents if dependent clude schools that have merged or closed. and which I am willing to explore, is the possi­ coverage is offered. (Guaranteed eligibility) While this number is a small percentage of the bility of collecting the cost of the meal from the [1/1194] total number of schools participating in the same parents who currently pay for the school 6. If an insurer offers a plan to a small­ School Lunch Program, it is a warning signal lunches on a daily or weekly basis, but collect group employer in an area, the insurer must offer the same plan to all small-group em­ that we should pay attention to if we are to the fee annually through the IRS. The Internal ployers in that area, except that a state may avert a major disintegration of the program. Revenue Service is aware of each house­ implement an alternative approach for as­ Indeed, it is not enough for us simply to pro­ hold's income, and is also aware of the age of suring the availability of private health in­ tect the status quo, we need to do better. In dependent children. This use of the IRS may surance for all small employers if the alter­ the United States we serve approximately 60 well be justified if we are to reach the impor­ native approach is certified by HHS as pro­ percent of our students a school lunch. In tant public policy objective of feeding our chil­ viding the same level of benefits and pre­ Japan they serve approximately 98.2 percent dren. If we were to proceed through the IRS, miums. (Guaranteed issue) [l/1/94] of their elementary school children a school 7. Insurers shall not terminate or refuse to the cost of my universal legislation would be renew a small-group plan unless the em­ lunch. If we are going to meet our education zero. ployer fails to pay premiums, commits fraud goals for the United States by the year 2000 The National School Lunch Program cur­ or misrepresentation, fails to maintain mini­ and prepare our children to learn, we must es­ rently serves approximately 25 million children mum participation of its employees in the tablish a school nutrition program that is con­ a day and the National School Breakfast Pro­ plan, or leaves the geographic service area of sistent with out education objectives. gram currently serves approximately 4 million the plan if it is a managed care plan. (Guar­ In the last decade, we have treated the Na­ children a day. These programs have been anteed renewability) [111/94] tional School Lunch and Breakfast Programs enormously successful and are an important 8. Insurers shall not impose rate variations as a welfare program, emphasizing the in­ based on industry and occupation; and may part of our social fabric. It is important that we only impose rate variations based on age, come of the child participating in the program. not let these programs unravel. It is important sex, and geographic area within specified We are hampering the administration of the that we reach all children in America with a limits (which follow the limits in Ways and program with more and more paperwork trying school lunch and school breakfast so that we Means Committee Chairman Rostenkowski's to document the income of the children's fami­ might truly prepare them for learning. R .R. 3626). [111/95] lies. Students and schools are rebelling I would like to bring to your attention Senate against this trend. According to a study done Resolution 303, recently introduced by Sen­ for USDA, there are approximately 4 million ator MITCHELL, which calls upon the USDA to THE UNIVERSAL STUDENT poor children eligible for free and reduced NUTRITION ACT study the implementation of a Universal price meals who are not currently participating Breakfast and Lunch Program. I commend in the program. In addition, as I mentioned, Senator MITCHELL for introducing this resolu­ HON. GEORGE MIILER schools are beginning to drop out of the tion and look forward to working with my Sen­ OF CALIFORNIA School Lunch Program. ate colleague on this endeavor. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES The National School Lunch and Breakfast I look forward to working with all members Thursday, June 25, 1992 Programs should be treated as part of the on the House Education and Labor Committee Mr. MILLER of California. Mr. Speaker, I am education day-a support service like text­ and all members on the House Ways and introducing today for discussion purposes leg­ books and school buses. Schools throughout Means Committee so that we might identify islation that would give every school in the the United States should not be asked to du­ how we can achieve this objective. country the option of providing a universal plicate that which is already being done by school lunch and school breakfast program to State welfare departments and the Federal In­ LEGISLATIVE SERVICE each child in the school by the year 2000. ternal Revenue Service. Schools should not A universal school lunch and breakfast pro­ have to spend their limited resources on trying ORGANIZATION CLARIFICATION gram would benefit the child, the family, the to document the income of children. We must school, and the Nation. Such a program find a better way for structuring the National HON. TED WEISS would-- School Lunch and Breakfast Programs. OF NEW YORK Prepare children for learning; The legislation I am introducing today would IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES give each school in America the option-and Fight childhood hunger; Thursday, June 25, 1992 Reallocate resources from paperwork to im­ it is only an option-of administering a Univer­ plementing the dietary guidelines for Ameri­ sal School Lunch and Breakfast Program. Mr. WEISS. Mr. Speaker, in considering the cans; Under this legislation, schools exercising the Legislative Branch Appropriations Act of 1993 Promote program quality and increase stu­ universal option would receive a reimburse­ last night, the House debated an amendment dent participation; ment from USDA for each meal served that to eliminate legislative service organizations. Enhance the long-term health of Americans; was not dependent on the income of the child. While this amendment was defeated, I must Provide an incentive for children to go to Schools would not have to seek income infor­ clarify an assertion that was made in regard to and to stay in school; and mation or spend their time and money trying the Congressional Arts Caucus, of which I am Eliminate the identification of low-income to verify income information. All students Chairman. students, as well as the welfare stigma of the would be treated alike. Poor students would Mr. Roberts, the author of the amendment, school lunch and breakfast programs. not be identified as poor and nonpoor children referred to "the Art Institute, the Arts Caucus 16522 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 25, 1992 Institute which does fine work." Simply put, SAN DIEGO'S KPBS CELEBRATES Diego and representing the community region­ Mr. Speaker, there is no such institute. ITS SILVER ANNIVERSARY ally, nationally and worldwide. In the ensuing 25 years, the station has produced and broad­ While I cannot speak to the work of an or­ cast high-caliber programming which edu­ ganization that does not exist, certainly, the HON. BILL LOWERY cates, enlightens, and enriches. Arts Caucus itself does fine work. OF CALIFORNIA IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Public broadcasting carries with it a respon­ sibility to illuminate issues of social concern, to Thursday, June 25, 1992 showcase the arts, to furnish educational serv­ Mr. LOWERY of California. Mr. Speaker, On ices, and to facilitate and promote human un­ June 25, 1967, public television station KPBS derstanding. I salute KPBS for adhering to was created in San Diego to be a leading pub­ these goals and for providing an invaluable lic telecommunications provider, serving San service to the people of San.Diego.