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Home, Yard, & Garden Pest Guide

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Home, Yard, & Garden Pest Guide UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS LIBRARY AT URBANA-CHAMPAIGN NOTICE: Return or renew all Library Materials! The Minimum Fee for each Lost Book is $50.00. The person charging this material is responsible for its return to the library from which it was withdrawn on or before the Latest Date stamped below. Theft, mutilation, and underlining of books are reasons for discipli- nary action and may result in dismissal from the University. To renew call Telephone Center, 333-8400 UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS LIBRARY AT URBANA-CHAMPAIGN JUL 1 8 2»8 L161— O-1096 ANG A 5 7005 UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2011 with funding from University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign http://www.archive.org/details/homeyardgardenpe1374urba , x ft mmk^ \ im.J' no . iV7<{ IN CASE OF PESTICIDE POISONING EMERGENCY, CONTACT LOCAL EMERGENCY MEDICAL PERSONNEL BY DIALING 911 OR HOSPITAL EMERGENCY CENTER. The information in this handbook was prepared by specialists employed by University of Illinois Extension, College of Agricultural, Consumer and Environmental Sciences, and the Illinois Natural History Survey. The suggestions herein are intended to provide cur- rent guidelines for pest management in Illinois. Because laws and regulations change, University of Illinois Extension assumes no liabil- ity for the suggestions for using pesticides that are included in this handbook. These suggestions are incomplete; therefore, they should be used only as guidelines. Complete instructions for the use of a specific pesticide are on the pesticide label. Read and follow the label directions and precautions before applying any pesticides. The pesticide user is responsible for applying pesticides according to label directions, as well as for problems that may arise through misapplication or misuse of the pesticide. Not all pesticides registered for landscape and turf pests are included in this handbook. Effective pesticides that do not present an undue hazard to the user and the environment are suggested whenever possible. Trade names have been used for clarity, but their use does not constitute and endorsement by the University of Illinois, nor does it imply discrimination against other products. Label changes, product cancellations, and changes in suggestions may have occurred since the publication of this handbook. Check with your nearest Extension office if you are in doubt about a pesticide that you plan to use. Announcement of new registrations, label changes, and changes in suggestions will be made through newsletters and appropriate media sources. Urbana, Illinois March 2001 Issued in furtherance of Cooperative Extension Work, Acts of May 8 and June 30, 1914, in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Agriculture. Dennis R. Campion, Director, University of Illinois Extension. University of Illinois Extension provides equal opportu- nities in programs and employment. Copyright © 2001 by University of Illinois Board of Trustees. Authors and publishers have granted permission for copies of this work or parts of this work to be reproduced, provided that ( 1 ) copies are distributed at or below the cost of reproduction; (2) the author, the publication, and the University of Illinois College of Agricultural, Consumer and Environmental Sciences and the relevant division within the College are identified; and (3) proper notice of copyright is affixed to each copy. The information provided in this publication is for educational purposes only. For information regarding compliance with laws and regulations, state or federal statues should be consulted or the appropriate state or federal agencies contacted. References to commercial products or trade names do not constitute an endorsement by the University of Illinois and do not imply discrimination against similar products. Produced by ACES/ITCS UI Printing Division 20908 Editor: Mary H. Overmier, ITCS 3/01 1.5M S034457 Photographer: David A. Riecks, ITCS Designer: Paul Edwards, Midnight Graphics Online Thanks to Champaign County Master Gardeners [email protected] for help with location photos. UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS LIBRARY AT URBANA-CHAMPAIGN MAY 2 4 2001 AG Library *-« MAY 2 A AG (J- University of Illinois Extension Circular 1374 ACZSUBRARy CONTENTS Chapter I : Managing Insect Pests in the Home, Yard, and Garden Insect/Mite Feeding 1 Insect Leftovers 1 Asian Lady Beetle 2 Asian Longhorned Beetle 2 Gypsy Moth 3 Insecticidal Nematodes 4 White Grubs in Turf 5 Termite Control 5 Sources of Information on Insects 7 Table 1. Management Suggestions for Insects in Vegetables 7 Table 1A. Days Between Insecticide Application and Harvest 10 Table 2. Management Suggestions for Insects in Flowers 10 Table 3. Management Suggestions for Insects in Trees and Shrubs 12 Table 4- Management Suggestions for Insects in Lawns 16 Table 5. Management Suggestions for Household Insects 17 Table 6. Names of Insecticides 24 Table 7. Conversion Table for Small Quantities of Insecticide 31 Chapter 2: Controlling Weeds in Home Lawns Weed Life Cycles 33 Lawn Weed Control 34 Weed-Control Groups 37 Table 1. Recommended Turfgrass Planting Combinations for Specific Midwest Sites and Applications 35 Table 2. Suggested Mowing Heights for Commonly Used Turfgrass Species 35 Table 3: Postemergence Herbicide Control of Broadleaved Weeds in Turf 39 Table 4: Timing Applications of Broadleaf Postemergence Herbicides 40 Chapter 3: Controlling Weeds in the Home Garden Prevention 43 Cultivation and Mechanical Removal 43 Mulching 44 Ground Covers 45 Herbicides 45 Pesticide Safety 48 Classification of Herbicides 50 Table 1. Preemergence Herbicides Recommended for Application by Home Gardeners 47 Table 2. Postemergence Herbicides Recommended for Application by Home Gardeners 48 Table 3. Efficacy Ratings of Herbicides Recommended for Application by Home Gardeners 49 Chapter 4: Managing Plant Diseases in the Home Landscape Diagnosis 53 Before You Spray 54 How to Use This Chapter 54 Table 1. Report on Plant Disease Series 56 Table 2. Product Labeled for Turfgrass Diseases 60 Table 3. Disease Symptoms of Flowers and Nonwoody Ornamentals 63 Table 4- Products Labeled for Specific Flowers or Other Nonwoody Ornamentals 65 Table 5. Disease Symptoms of Woody Ornamentals 82 Table 6. Products Labeled for Specific Woody Ornamentals 84 Table 7. Pesticides Listed in Tables 2, 4, and 6 103 Chapter 5: Managing Diseases in the Home Vegetable Garden Disease Control Before Planting 105 Cultural Practices 107 Disease Control During the Growing Season 107 Principal Diseases of Vegetables and Recommended Control Measures 108 Key to Seed Sources 122 Table 1. Disease-Resistant/Tolerant Bean Varieties 110 Table 2. Disease-Resistant/Tolerant Cabbage Varieties Ill Table 3. Disease-Resistant/Tolerant Muskmelon Varieties 112 Table 4- Disease-Resistant/Tolerant Watermelon Varieties 112 Table 5. Disease-Resistant/Tolerant Cucumber Varieties 113 Table 6. Disease-Resistant Pea Varieties 113 Table 7. Disease-Resistant/Tolerant Pepper Varieties 115 Table 8. Disease-Resistant Sweet Corn Varieties 118 Table 9. Disease-Resistant/Tolerant Tomato Varieties 119 Table 10. Fungicides for Use by Vegetable Gardeners 120 Chapter 6: Managing Pests in Home Fruit Plantings Production Tips 125 Disease-Resistant Apple Trees 125 Insecticides and Fungicides 126 Instructions and Tips for Spraying 129 Preventing Mouse Damage 130 Preventing Rabbit Damage 131 Preventing Bird Damage 131 Additional Information 131 Table 1. Approximate Amount of Spray Required for Fruit Trees of Various Sizes 130 Table 2. Spray Schedule for Apples, Crabapples, Pears, and Quinces 132 Table 3. Spray Schedule for Grapes 133 Table 4- Spray Schedule for Blueberries 133 Table 5. Spray Schedule for Peaches, Nectarines, Apricots, Plums, and Cherries 134 Table 6. Spray Schedule for Strawberries 135 Table 7. Spray Schedule for Brambles (Blackberries and Raspberries) 136 Table 8. Relative Effectiveness of Selected Fungicides Against Specific Diseases of Various Fruit Crops 137 Chapter 7: Integrated Pest Management and Pesticide Safety Integrated Pest Management for Homeowners 139 Pesticides in the Environment 143 Labels 149 What Information Is Found on a Pesticide Label 149 Human Pesticide Protection 149 Understanding Pesticides 155 Pesticide Characteristics 155 Table 1. Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) Types and Insect Groups They Are Used On 141 Table 2. Natural Enemies That Can Be Found in Landscapes and Gardens or Purchased 142 Table 3. Plants That Can Be Used in Landscapes and Gardens to Attract Natural Enemies 145 Table 4. Pesticide Label Signal Woods 151 Table 5. Pesticide Formulations 158 Table 6. Tank Sprayers 159 Table 7. Granular Applicators 162 Appendix: Plant Clinic Data Form 165 MANAGING INSECT PESTS IN THE HOME, YARD, AND GARDEN Insect/Mite Feeding Insects and mites that attack ornamental plants feed in various ways. The five major feeding behaviors are chewing, sucking, mining, boring, and galling. Chewing insects (beetles, caterpillars, grasshoppers, earwigs, and weevils) physically remove portions of plants, such as leaves, or consume entire plants. Sucking insects/mites (aphids, whiteflies, mealybugs, scales, leafhoppers, and spider mites) possess mouthparts that are inserted into the plant to remove fluids. They generally cause plants to stunt and wilt. In addi- tion, many sucking insects transmit plant viruses. Mining insects (beetles, caterpillars, wasps, and flies) create tunnels on plant leaves or stems as they feed below the leaf sur- face. Wood-boring insects (beetles, caterpillars, and wasps) feed within
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