Periódico do Núcleo de Estudos e Pesquisas sobre Gênero e Direito Centro de Ciências Jurídicas - Universidade Federal da Paraíba V. 9 - Nº 04 - Ano 2020 ISSN | 2179-7137 | http://periodicos.ufpb.br/ojs2/index.php/ged/index 860 RUSSIAN COSMISM: HISTORICAL PAST, PRESENT AND FUTURE Karina S. Chikaeva1 Galina I. Davydova2 Sergey G. Voskoboynikov3 Tatyana V. Schukina4 Angelina V. Mueva5 Sergey I. Samygin6

Abstract: The article presents a today’s If there is power, there will be some spatio-temporal panorama ahead of the weal” [12]. A retrospective look at the great date of Cosmonautics Day and the “zero” years allows us to understand the events of 20 years ago in the context of pain points of the national and spiritual the significance of spiritual and cosmic interests of , the importance of values for Russian people. Russian reviving Russia's space stronghold, philosopher K.N. Leontiev, diplomat and preserving the political and ethical publicist, emphasized the danger of attitudes that meet the goals and liberalism and the philistinism of life in objectives for which future generations Russia and other Orthodox countries: will continue the cosmic achievements “You need to strengthen yourself, think of the previous century. less about weal and more about strength.

1 Doctor of historical sciences, associate professor, of the Department of sociology and cultural studies of FSBEI HE Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «Kuban State Agrarian University named after I.T. Trubilin», Russia, Email: [email protected] 2 Doctor of Pedagogical sciences, Professor, Department of social pedagogy and technologies of deviant behavior, V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University, (CUH), Republic of Crimea, Russia, Email: [email protected] 3 Ph.D. in Historical Sciences, Associate Professor, Department of History and cultural science, Don State Technical University (DSTU), Russia, Email: [email protected] 4 Ph.D. in Historical Sciences, Associate Professor, Department of Document science and the language communications, Don State Technical University (DSTU), Russia, Email: [email protected] 5 PhD in Pedagogical Sciences, Associate Professor, Faculty of engineering and technology Department of technology and management of professional education, Kalmyk State State University named after B. B. Gorodovikov, Email: [email protected] 6 6Doctor of sociological sciences, Professor, Personnel management and sociology Department, of Rostov state economic university «RINH», Rostov-on-Don, Russia, Email: [email protected]

Periódico do Núcleo de Estudos e Pesquisas sobre Gênero e Direito Centro de Ciências Jurídicas - Universidade Federal da Paraíba V. 9 - Nº 04 - Ano 2020 ISSN | 2179-7137 | http://periodicos.ufpb.br/ojs2/index.php/ged/index 861 Keywords: cosmonautics and security and will be happening in Russia as a of Russia, revival of national priorities, great space power, has become a gesture Russian cosmism, cosmonautics of "good will" of one of today's leaders, infrastructure, tribal memory, orbital who arranged the distribution of money station, Russia. to walking citizens (... "slaves" ... "serfs" ...) on . 1. INTRODUCTION It is legitimate to ask, “What In the 20th year of the third was that?” On the one hand, is it the loss millennium, it is appropriate to speak of of moral principles, a sense of the problem dictated by dramatic bewilderment among the people who contradictions for Russia: “100 cannot arrange their livelihoods and are centuries” The Russian state gathered its “ahead of the rest” in speed of ruining lands and its peoples into a single body their own country? Is it a miracle of of the “Supernarod”, and now it is dying waiting for the “coming of the messiah”, and is losing its cosmic stronghold in a post human person with the face of a ideological (or mental?) war. Today it is State Duma deputy, on the other hand? evident that all the priorities and Perhaps this is a postmodern achievements in space beginning with phenomenon. First, they “canceled” God the launch of the first Soviet Sputnik, are (“God died!” Nietzsche said), then we systematically and consciously buried art, admiring Malevich’s creative destroyed assuming a permissive hope ecstasy (“Black Square”). Is this further for "maybe" that everything would so to “maturing” of the post-man against the speak, "synergistically" be settled. background of de-intellectualization, de- However, the adoption of such a strategy esthetization, dehumanization, for the future generation, does not only expressed in the denial of the essential loose "quotas" for our contemporaries, certainty of things, the propaganda of a but also calls into question the very defeatist ideology? existence metaphysically implementing The strategy of the their transformation from homosapiens decomposition and destruction of in homo mosahisticus. Russia, adopted at the end of 1945 The event caused existential according to the report of Alain Dulles, splash of thoughts in relation to what is implied far-reaching plans for an

Periódico do Núcleo de Estudos e Pesquisas sobre Gênero e Direito Centro de Ciências Jurídicas - Universidade Federal da Paraíba V. 9 - Nº 04 - Ano 2020 ISSN | 2179-7137 | http://periodicos.ufpb.br/ojs2/index.php/ged/index 862 inconspicuous substitution of Russian information war that is being waged values, contributing to the dying out of against Russia, we should take into people's self-awareness, the imposition account the foreign practice of using of "all immorality", the transformation of ethno-state myths in the competition of people into mankurts who lost their tribal national-cultural civilizations. memory. Undoubtedly, we have Turning to the history of Russia, committed sins and mistakes. it is necessary to clearly understand that Nevertheless, let us recall the words of since ancient times the Russian people Christ: "Who among you is not without had a saving principle, full of spirituality, sin, let him throw a stone at Me." myths the instinct of self-preservation and can also be different: useful and harmful. survival, moral stamina and collective At the beginning of 2000, the conference mutual assistance: a tribal memory that "History as an Object and Subject of permeated all areas of life - religion, Myth-Making" was held at the Faculty of ideology, economy, politics, culture, Economics of State University. ethical and natural connections (the In his plenary report I.V. Bestuzhev- words «народ» (people), «родина» Lada, a sociologist and historian, (homeland), «родник» (spring), thoroughly criticized sensational works «природа» (nature), «родинка» of Fomenko-Nosovsky published in (birthmark), «родной» (native) ‒ have large editions even for our time. “It turns the same root «род» (family, clan)). By out,” Bestuzhev-Lada said, “that the way, in the Czech Republic, Fomenko`s Taras Bulba is almost Baty Slovakia, , the "family" is himself!” Such attempts to reduce capaciously called the “rodzina" Russian history to the beneficial effects (homeland). of the Tatar-Mongol yoke are not new However, life showed that the (although the positive Eurasian aspects Russian people weakly resisted the of Russian history have not been troubles of anti-Russian chimeras, canceled). weakly defended the ideology of Holy Unfortunately, during the years Russia, Uvarov`s triad of “Orthodoxy, of perestroika and reforms, anti-Russian Autocracy, Nationality” and others. In myths rained down like a cornucopia. asserting our national position in the Take, for example, “Icebreaker”, a

Periódico do Núcleo de Estudos e Pesquisas sobre Gênero e Direito Centro de Ciências Jurídicas - Universidade Federal da Paraíba V. 9 - Nº 04 - Ano 2020 ISSN | 2179-7137 | http://periodicos.ufpb.br/ojs2/index.php/ged/index 863 sensational work of London dweller V. Russian cosmism is inherent in Suvorov-Rezun, in which he cites the the situation of the combination of “evidence base” of the version that the anthropological and biological, socio- was preparing alleged cultural factors in the formation of a aggression against Nazi Germany, by single humanity as a subject of virtue of which the latter was forced to transformation and the rational commit preventive attack. organization of the cosmos. These One of the characteristics of the factors are also applicable to the Russian people is their credulity. In technical aspects of human life. The many ways, this is the tragedy of the substantiation of the cosmic future of ethnic group of of the 20th mankind, the exploration of the Universe century - the beginning of the 21st are cross-cutting themes of all the works century: a long false orientation towards of Russian cosmists, beginning with N.F. the fulfillment of the “world revolution”, Fedorov, that so keenly test today: “voucherization”, privatization, fabulous Homeland cannot overcome the most “enrichment with the help of financial acute crisis in the great practice of space pyramids” and other intentions that are activities of the Soviet Union - Russia, chimerical in nature. It is enough to cite Russian Theoanthropocosmism. the statements of the famous The default of reforms and philosopher, author of the book "perestroika" of the 90s in Russia, the “Byzantism and Slavism” K.N. crisis of Russian society, the drain of Leontiev, who argued, “You need to impressive funds abroad made a strengthen yourself, think less about devastating break in the scientific weal and more about strength. If there is prospects for the development of power, there will be some weal. Would Russian cosmonautics. According to the this weal be possible without strength? disappointing scenario of the analysts of There were many falls: they were a real the Moscow Space Club and the fact. Where is the happiness? Where is Cosmonautics Academy named after this weal? One way or another, Russia K.E. Tsiolkovsky, the Russian space needs internal strength, it needs a strong program, not keeping pace with the organization, a strong spirit of growth of the world cosmonautics discipline” [12]. progress, will be doomed to increase the

Periódico do Núcleo de Estudos e Pesquisas sobre Gênero e Direito Centro de Ciências Jurídicas - Universidade Federal da Paraíba V. 9 - Nº 04 - Ano 2020 ISSN | 2179-7137 | http://periodicos.ufpb.br/ojs2/index.php/ged/index 864 gradient of international cooperation, hierarchy of authorities, which made it imposed on unfavorable conditions by impossible to create something more foreign partners, which will make the substantial, progressive or true in any domestic space program only a means to kind of practice or knowledge than the realize the national advantages of other leader, because this would be a violation states. of the hierarchy and absoluteness of the leader`s authority. This logically implies 2. MATERIALS AND METHODS the need for political and scientific Each epoch, especially the sacrifices, indifference of means to the modern one, has certain scientific fields goal, substitution of means, including of cognition that reflect the features of scientific political ones, and, therefore, the historical era in the worldview. And declarative and hypocritical statements these ideas of science about its own about the priority of a person and his purpose, its social value can be based on well-being over other goals. highly abstract concepts of space-time, Their epistemological motion, matter and express moral, significance depends on the correct aesthetic, socio-political ideas [20, 8, understanding of universal principles, 17]. An example of such ideas are the namely epistemological ideals and concepts of “God”, “cosmos”, and values, which presuppose the existence “objective reality”. At the same time, of some samples that have historical each, being a reference point, sets a specificity, constitute a precedent or a certain model of the world and the model corresponding to the idea, if we processes occurring in it, and can also follow the Hegelian understanding of the serve as a way to distinguish between ideal [8,22]. Thus, in the structure of the methods of scientific thinking. The worldview, the groups of ideals that choice of ideas for the basis of models correspond to the main areas of society’s defines a certain logic of scientific and activity are differentiated, one of them practical analysis, a specific set of tools, forms ideals expressing the attitude of a choice of information, a style of society to nature, the second group thinking and ways of interaction. Thus, consists of ideals expressing the at a certain time, the absolute authority relationship of people to each other, the of the leader entailed a political third group is related to the problem of

Periódico do Núcleo de Estudos e Pesquisas sobre Gênero e Direito Centro de Ciências Jurídicas - Universidade Federal da Paraíba V. 9 - Nº 04 - Ano 2020 ISSN | 2179-7137 | http://periodicos.ufpb.br/ojs2/index.php/ged/index 865 the relationship of people to their own scientific and technical achievements by consciousness, reflecting the historical checking them in space and finding memory of forms and types of social optimal operating modes before using activity. them on automatic spacecraft. According to the conclusion of 3. RESEARCH RESULTS AND scientists of the Russian Academy of THEIR DISCUSSION Cosmonautics named after K.E. Times have tragically changed Tsiolkovsky, in case the Mir orbital for the Russian cosmonautics. The station was liquidated under the pretext creation of the orbital station was the of “obsolescence” and working out of its long-term result of professional technical resource, Russia would lose the achievements of domestic scientists, possibility of taking real steps to create creative engineering work and hundreds profitable astronautics already at the turn of thousands laborers. The successful of the 21st century. Creating the ISS, operation of the station, which the whole because of the lack of experience and enlightened world admired, crowned the technology from American partners that grandiose course of the history of Russia gained over 20 years of hard Russian cosmonautics. The station work, would not allow the Russian side contained more than 240 pieces of to implement the programs of some equipment that made it possible to carry planned scientific experiments; the out studies for creating new medicine, country`s important values would be testing unique methods of analyzing the irretrievably lost. life of organisms in interplanetary The fourth book of the scientist manned states of prolonged and designer B.E. Chertok “Missiles and weightlessness, a huge amount of People" [2], gives analysis of the factors monitoring data was accumulated, contributing to the decision on the including the ecological state of the liquidation of the Mir orbital station, Earth’s atmosphere, mainland, seas. The where the interests of the USA are Mir orbital station acted as the main link predominating: of the 21st century cosmonautics The US leadership, at some infrastructure; its task was to optimize point (from 1987 to 1993) recognized the the acceleration of introducing the latest need for an orbital station within the

Periódico do Núcleo de Estudos e Pesquisas sobre Gênero e Direito Centro de Ciências Jurídicas - Universidade Federal da Paraíba V. 9 - Nº 04 - Ano 2020 ISSN | 2179-7137 | http://periodicos.ufpb.br/ojs2/index.php/ged/index 866 tasks of the 21st century cosmonautics; it at Mir station (Germany, was decided to create the Freedom South Africa, Malaysia, etc.). station, which cost the United States 11 • The loss of a significant billion dollars; the work was stopped sector of the high-tech products market due to lack of experience and ... the ISS scientific and applied technology. Thus, the creation of the ISS resources are largely controlled by the was preceded by a strategy for solving American side ... which will significantly two problems at once. Firstly, to weaken Russia's competitive position. eliminate the scientific and technological • The international backwardness of the United States on the cooperation developed during the expense of Russian long-term operation of the Mir station, focused on experience in space exploration, and the equipment of the Mir complex, well- secondly ... to demonstrate the developed Russian or joint experimental uselessness of the station (Mir) for methods ... determine organizational and Russia because of its technical technological dependence on other space imperfection and economic service providers ... if the station inappropriateness. becomes flooded, Russian competitive I.V. Meshcheryakov, Doctor of research will fail for a period of not less Technical Sciences, Professor, Hero of than 5-7 years. Socialist Labor, at that time Chief • Prepared ... experiments Academic Secretary and Vice President with newly developed equipment ... of the Russian Cosmonautics Academy (Flagship, Lightning, Cable, Alpha-I, named after K.E. Tsiolkovsky in his Vulcan) ... cannot be implemented on the article “Cosmonautics and Security of Russian segment of the International Russia” listed the following expected Space Station due to technical reasons indirect losses for the Russian and safety standards ... cosmonautics in case the Mir complex • The ISS, which is stopped its operation: supposed to replace the Mir complex, • “Lost opportunities for has a very long deployment transition implementation ... applications for four (about five years) ... the Russian segment additional commercial flights of foreign performs the functions of a space "change house" ... Due to the well-

Periódico do Núcleo de Estudos e Pesquisas sobre Gênero e Direito Centro de Ciências Jurídicas - Universidade Federal da Paraíba V. 9 - Nº 04 - Ano 2020 ISSN | 2179-7137 | http://periodicos.ufpb.br/ojs2/index.php/ged/index 867 known technical shortcomings of the highly organized matter (man and American segment ... this process may ... machine). The approach to the concept require additional costs from the Russian “The Movement of Russian Cosmism” is side ... the Russian side will be engaged based on computer modeling of the in a thankless and expensive work for a evolution of complex systems, the long time to eliminate at the expense of mechanisms of thinking of the subject other people's deficiencies and and the transfer of these mechanisms to shortcomings in the complete absence of the functioning of socio-cosmological the ability to carry out any own work in systems. One of the provisions of this the field of manned astronautics ”[14] concept concerns directly the protection The doctrine of "Russian of Russia's interests in space exploration cosmism" reflected in the philosophical and it is hypothesized that with the loss and engineering works of N.F. Fedorov, of the Mir orbital station, Russia will lose KE Tsiolkovsky, V.I. Vernadsky [5, 19, its fulcrum in orbit. The reason is the 21] became the historical foundation for human factor, the responsibility that lies the development of the project “The “besides direct performers, on the Movement of Russian Cosmism”. This intelligentsia and scientists: they did not project was conceived by a creative explain the truth of what was happening, group of the Institute for Management they could not have foreseen” (ibid.). At Problems of the RAS, MIPT using the same time, in order to save the achievements in the field of modern cosmic future of Russian civilization, the mechanisms of the general evolution of concept offers several possible options: processes and systems, specific scientific - To use the solar panels of and engineering studies in the field of the station for the operation of ion information and social systems [1]. carriers for the gradual transfer of the The concept of “The Movement station to the desired orbits. of Russian Cosmism” essentially reflects - To transfer the station to a scientifically based shift of all aspects lunar orbit and use it as a scientific of the life of human consciousness from laboratory. today's anthropo(ego)centric positions to - To invite the countries of the creative-cognitive component of the the Eurasian region (India, China) to creative activity of various forms of

Periódico do Núcleo de Estudos e Pesquisas sobre Gênero e Direito Centro de Ciências Jurídicas - Universidade Federal da Paraíba V. 9 - Nº 04 - Ano 2020 ISSN | 2179-7137 | http://periodicos.ufpb.br/ojs2/index.php/ged/index 868 participate in the life support of the Mir basis for any discussion of foreign policy station. issues ... this concept is regularly and - To use the station to widely used by government officials, develop an intelligent information members of Congress and most support system accessible to any person American citizens" [6]. The idea of anywhere in the world. dominance of a superpower is justified - To create an orbital space by a whole arsenal of means of educating museum of initial space exploration. young people in the spirit of undeniable The consequences of the superiority, training personnel to elimination of the station Mir will be conduct an information war against among other things the offended feelings competitors. The obtained ideological of its creators and the loss of space attitudes and skills are also applied in the exploration starting time for a new competition for a place in space “now generation of Russians. [1] learning to fly ... should be as important After 20 years 22 March 2001 as learning to swim” [6]. can, without a doubt, be considered one Russian launch vehicles of the most tragic dates in the recent rightfully earned well-deserved prestige history of Russia, when the burning in the international space market, - wrote remains of the Russian orbital station the chief editor of "Space News" Igor collapsed into the Pacific Ocean. Russian Marinin. Nevertheless, "we are forced to cosmonauts regarded the liquidation of seek permission for many launches from Mir as a betrayal of Russia. It is known the Americans, ... we got involved in the that the Americans carefully monitored construction of the International Space the descent of Mir; information from the Station, supporting our domestic high Russian Mission Control Center was technologies, but were forced to abandon directly transmitted to NASA. the independent manned space Space is steadily becoming the program”[13]. sphere of ever-expanding competitive Achievements of the Soviet advantages of the United States. The country's industrialization, the U.S. National Interest Commission of development of science, technology, the American Congress stated in 1996 aviation, space activities were marked by "National interests are the functional international recognition. The flight of

Periódico do Núcleo de Estudos e Pesquisas sobre Gênero e Direito Centro de Ciências Jurídicas - Universidade Federal da Paraíba V. 9 - Nº 04 - Ano 2020 ISSN | 2179-7137 | http://periodicos.ufpb.br/ojs2/index.php/ged/index 869 was named by the US significance of today's human Permanent Representative to the United (psychological), moral values, Nations E. Stevenson a great scientific philosophical as well as political, achievement, which opened up unlimited ideological, social and economic horizons for mankind. American news principles in the organization of space magazine, published in Washington, activities freed from the usual “U.S. News & World Report” wrote that stereotypes of the Cold War period and the Soviet Union “was two to three years enriched by the ideas of humanism, for or more ahead of the United States in the which sake the future generation will field of spacecraft of similar size and continue the cosmic accomplishments of importance” [15]. the previous century. The magazine "Russian space The implementation of the program at a new stage," said that even humanitarian paradigm requires counter in case Russia preserved technical efforts from one of the wealthiest capacity of the national space program, it countries on the planet, personifying the could not avoid the fact that the entire “civilized community”, objectives and methods of practical contributing to the pacification of the application would be determined by existing norms of culture and religion on investors, heads of international projects, other continents, including their own among which there would be a limited claims to unconditional leadership and number of Russian representatives with power in the 21st century. limited authority. Contributions of the The revival of Russia's national space program to the social priorities as a space power requires a development of the country would be critical rethinking and search activity in considerably reduced; accordingly, the the direction of theoretical constructs program would be less supported by and practical dispositions on the world legislators, regional leaders, social stage. A retrospective look at "zero" movements and political parties [18]. years gives an insight into the importance of maintaining the potential 4. CONCLUSION for building such a bulwark of Russia in It is important to say to future space as the space station "Mir" was. generations about the absolute This understanding was present in both

Periódico do Núcleo de Estudos e Pesquisas sobre Gênero e Direito Centro de Ciências Jurídicas - Universidade Federal da Paraíba V. 9 - Nº 04 - Ano 2020 ISSN | 2179-7137 | http://periodicos.ufpb.br/ojs2/index.php/ged/index 870 the European and the American space arena. The forecast of events is community. In 1999 a group of highlighted by a document posted on the American scientists who organized the Internet, "The View of the US Space Cosmic Border Foundation, addressed Command for 2020" [10]. This an open letter to President B.N. Yeltsin, document was adopted in March 1998. with the appeal not to sink the Mir orbital 19 military and civilian organizations complex, but to transfer it to a higher participated in the development and orbit, which would allow waiting for drafting of this plan, including DARRA, “better times” for Russia, when it would NASA, NORAD, NRO, BOING, be possible to extend the active life of the COMSAT LABS and others. station. The document concretizes those Russian adherents of the directives based on which, as a new station’s flooding justified their position target, the need to consider outer space by the fact that the cost of operating the as such a natural environment that acts Mir was 220-240 million dollars a year, for the US armed forces as an area of the Russian budget did not provide for responsibility, indicating the emergence such money. “The historical paradox is of operational necessity. that in the first decades after the heavy The document says “Space has Second World War, the Soviet Union become a national economic sector that annually invested much more funds for needs to be protected,” in connection the development of rocket and space with this, it is planned to realize the technology than Russia today,” said I.V. global goal “... ensuring the United Meshcheryakov [14, p. 114]. The once States and its allies free access to space powerful military space power in the and full-scale actions in it, while process of so-called “reforms” prohibiting the enemy from solving such underwent such an economic default, problems”. The main directions of the against which spending on space science development of cosmonautics in the 21st and technology seems an unacceptable century are outlined, such as "... luxury. concentration of efforts to reduce the Now we can understand what cost of putting payloads into space" (here happened through the analysis of the one would have to not rush to close geopolitical balance in the international Energies-Buran), "optimize the payload

Periódico do Núcleo de Estudos e Pesquisas sobre Gênero e Direito Centro de Ciências Jurídicas - Universidade Federal da Paraíba V. 9 - Nº 04 - Ano 2020 ISSN | 2179-7137 | http://periodicos.ufpb.br/ojs2/index.php/ged/index 871 configuration" (assuming as a new tool in the armed struggle for multifunctionality, maintainability and victory on the path of world domination modularity), “... development of a [4]. common platform to interface all of our Finally, a question arises to the satellites” (meaning a universal orbital authors of the Russian "Concept of complex, as a platform for repair and National Security" published in the press prevention), “... verification of new and approved by Presidential Decree of technologies and procedures to reduce December 17, 1997 No 1300 (as the cost of integrating the payload on the amended by the President of the Russian carrier.” The last direction corresponds Federation of January 10, 2000. No. 24) to the adequate task of accelerating the [3], where a list of threats to the Russian process of introducing new technologies state and its peoples is given, the ways to through preliminary adaptation with the counter and overcome these threats are participation of the operator at the orbital indicated. The question remained station. unspoken about the real threat associated In other words, the foregoing with the loss of priorities in the field of suggests that the development of cosmonautics achievements, depriving cosmonautics of the 21st century in the the country of the status of a Great Space technical and technological direction is Power, and finally, the role of identical in our country and in the USA. astronautics and its equipment in It differs by its goal setting: our goals are countering the threat of a colossal in to serve man in the interest of increasing scale and significance information war. the economic power of the country, From the angle of interethnic improving the quality of life of people, and intercultural contradictions escalated preserving the Earth as a living in the world, the thought of one of the environment, protecting it from the prominent representatives of Russian unreasonable attitude to it and the natural cosmism V.N. Muravyov sounds fresh Cosmo planetary cycles of development and relevant, “Blind nature has no future. of the solar system and the universe. On the day when it becomes rational, all Their goals are associated with the time will become the future and the buildup of the military power of the state, future will thereby merge with the past in with undivided possession of outer space the eternal present ...” [16].

Periódico do Núcleo de Estudos e Pesquisas sobre Gênero e Direito Centro de Ciências Jurídicas - Universidade Federal da Paraíba V. 9 - Nº 04 - Ano 2020 ISSN | 2179-7137 | http://periodicos.ufpb.br/ojs2/index.php/ged/index 872 Historical memory is needed. Bodyakin V.I. Russia and space // IN. Klyuchevsky emphasized that every Russian idea. Slavic cosmism and the resident of Russia should be a bit Mir station. ‒Kaluga: State Unitary historian in order not to be a slave to Enterprise “OBLIZDAT”, 2000. - circumstances, but to be a citizen [11]. It Pp.140-143 would be a mistake to interrupt the Chertok B.E. Rockets and people. M.: consistent connection of times in its Engineering - 1999. - Pp.350-352 beneficial activity. In ancient Russia, Decree of the President of the Russian there was a myth about St. Yuri, about Federation of 10.01.2000 N 24 “On the his "unlocking" heaven and earth; people Concept of National Security of the believed in miraculous wings that could Russian Federation” [Electronic carry away to free transcendental resource]. URL heights, into the boundless distance ... https://legalacts.ru/doc/ukaz-prezidenta- Maybe since that time, after a thousand rf-ot-10012000-n-24/ (reference date: or more years, Yuri Gagarin was the first 01.11.2020). of people to go up into space. Moreover, Directive of the President of the USA maybe not by accident, some people call PDD-49 dated 09.19.1996 "National him a saint, like the author of the leading Space Policy", specified and developed American journal on cosmonautics "Air in the directive of the Secretary of and Space" [9]. The birth of a pioneering Defense No. 3 100 of July 9, 1999. hero on Russian soil that “day, with Fedorov N.F. Works. - M.: Thought, grace”, its origin, flight, and the very 1982.- 711 p. death of the hero are permeated with Foreign Affrais, 1999, July-August, p.23 mystery and dualism. Cosmism, the Ibid, 1999, July, p.4 desire for space travel is in our blood, in Gennady Padalka: the next 20 years for our tribal consciousness and everyday space will be epoch-making. [Electronic life, it is an organic property of the resource]. URL Russian people as a spiritual and ethical https://ria.ru/20191230/1562942542.ht community, as a nation. ml. (Reference date: 11.01.2020). Hegel G.V. Aesthetics in 4 Vol., Vol. 3. References M., Art, 1968

Periódico do Núcleo de Estudos e Pesquisas sobre Gênero e Direito Centro de Ciências Jurídicas - Universidade Federal da Paraíba V. 9 - Nº 04 - Ano 2020 ISSN | 2179-7137 | http://periodicos.ufpb.br/ojs2/index.php/ged/index 873 "Holy Yuri" article in the Journal of Air Varshavsky V.I., Pospelov D.A. The and Space, Washington, 1999, Janury, orchestra plays without a conductor. M., p.77 Science, .1984. Khozin G.S. Washington's Space Vernadsky V.I. Biosphere and Strategy for the 21st Century // USA and noosphere. M.: Iris-press, 2012.576 p Canada: Economics, Politics, and Simamora, R. E., Saragih, S., & Culture. - No. 6 (368) - 2000. ‒P.1 Hasratuddin (2019). Improving Klyuchevsky V.O. Aphorisms. Students’ Mathematical Problem Historical portraits and studies. Diaries. Solving Ability and Self-Efficacy - M.: “Thought”, 1993. - 416 p. Moscow through Guided Discovery Learning in Space Club. Local Culture Context. International Leontiev K. N. Byzantism and Slavism. Electronic Journal of Mathematics ‒M.: Academic Project, 2017. – 504p. Education, 14(1), 61-72. Marinin I.A. Cosmonautics News. - https://doi.org/10.12973/iejme/3966 Volume 9 - No. 9 (200) ‒1999. - P.1. Meshcheryakov I.V. Cosmonautics and security // Russian idea. Slavic cosmism and the Mir station. ‒Kaluga: State Unitary Enterprise “OBLIZDAT”, 2000. - Pp.111-112. Morning of the space age. - M., 1961. - Pp.511, 515. Muravyov V.N. Mastering the time. - M.: Rosspan, 1998. - Pp.299-300. Science and values. Novosibirsk, Science, 1987 Space and man. Russian cosmonautics at a new stage. Series: Proceedings of the Moscow Space Club. - Issue 5, M., 1999. - Pp.33-34. Tsiolkovsky K.E. Cosmic philosophy. Collection. - M.: IDLi, 2004.—496p.