DOCSLIB.ORG

40641-013 Hebei Small Cities and Towns Development Demonstration

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
40641-013 Hebei Small Cities and Towns Development Demonstration Due Diligence Report of Resettlement Project Number: 40641 July 2013 PRC: Hebei Small Cities and Towns Development Demonstration Sector Project Prepared by Zhangbei Huaying Heating Co., Ltd For Zhangbei County Town East Station Thermal Source Plant Construction Project The due diligence report of resettlement is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB’s Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. ADB Loan — Hebei Small Cities and Towns Development Demonstration Sector Project Zhangbei County Town East Station Thermal Source Plant Construction Project Due Diligence Report of Resettlement on Acquired Land Zhangbei Huaying Heating Co., Ltd. May 2013 Contents 1. PROJECT OVERVIEW ..................................................................................................................................... 2 2. OVERVIEW OF ZHANGBEI COUNTY ........................................................................................................... 3 3. SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC CONDITIONS OF THE PROJECT AFFECTED VILLAGE GROUPS ....... 5 4. PROJECT IMPACTS ......................................................................................................................................... 6 5. LAND ACQUISITION PROCEDURE AND INFORMATION DISCLOSURE ............................................. 7 6. COMPENSATION STANDARD AND LIVELIHOOD MEASURES ............................................................. 8 7． RESETTLEMENT GRIEVANCE REDRESS ................................................................................................. 15 8. INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS ........................................................................................................... 16 9. NEXT STEPS DURING PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION ........................................................................... 17 10．APPENDICES ................................................................................................................................................... 18 1 1. Project Overview Zhangbei County Town East Station Thermal Source Plant Construction Project is one of the subprojects of Hebei Small Cities and Towns Development Demonstration Sector Project, a proposed ADB loan project. The Project comprises mainly of the construction of a thermal source plant including the construction of new boiler houses, draught fan houses, desulfurization workshops, dry coal sheds, comprehensive water pump houses, duty rooms, etc., with a total construction area of approximately 12,000m2 and the installation of 3 Nos. 72MW chain type hot water boilers and the supporting thermal network circulation system, boiler softening water treatment system and emission control system. The Project Beneficiary Area covers the area to the west of Chahaer Street and south of Xinhua East Road in the eastern part of Zhangbei County Town. By the end of 2011, the heating area served by Zhangbei Huaying Heating Co., Ltd. had reached 1,300,000m2. The Large Scale Heat Supply Network Connection Plan for Year 2012 initially plans to increase a heating area of approximately 3,500,000m2 for the near future and another 1,500,000m2 for the far future. This Project will provide heat to an area of 3,000,000m2 as a part of the short-term future plan. Therefore, for the sake of social development of the county town, development of district heating is needed. This Project is anticipated to generate the following social and economic benefits: (1) improved urban infrastructure and promoted urban modernization to create necessary conditions needed for sustainable development of Zhangbei County; (2) increased energy efficiency and conservation of energy; (3) conditional installation of high chimneys and emission purification devices for removal ofsulfur and dust, alleviation of air pollution and improvement of environmental and sanitary conditions; (4) release of land with an area ranging from 150m2 to 200m2 per community occupied by small boiler houses and fuel and ashes to help improve city appearance; (5) reduced stokers and transportation of fuel and 2 ashes and reduced operating cost; (6) easier to achieve scientific management to improve heating quality. Zhangbei County Town East Station Thermal Source Plant Construction Project is scheduled to commence in July 2013. The land acquisition and resettlement activities were implemented in May 2012. In 2011 when the project was being prepared, it was not included as a subproject of the Hebei Small Cities and Towns Development Demonstration Sector Project which is financed by ADB. Thus the LAR activities were carried out without any RP being prepared or submitted to ADB. In 2012 during the midterm adjustment of Hebei Small Cities and Towns Development Demonstration Sector Project, it was discussed that Zhangbei Project could be included in the loan as a subproject. As per the request of ADB, a due diligence shall be conducted to describe the implementation status of the LAR activities. The Project comprises of the construction of East Station Thermal Source Plant with a total installation capacity of 216MW (3x72MW). The Project is located 390m east of Chahaer Street and north of Xinghua East Road in the county town of Zhangbei County. According to the Project Application Report, the Project involves the acquisition of 60mu grass land of Zhangbei Town Xincun Village. Zhangbei Huaying Heating Co., Ltd. has implemented the land acquisition and paid compensation for this land acquisition, which is the subject of this DDR. This LAR process only involves impacts of land acquisition and no impacts of house demolition and ground attachments. 2. Overview of Zhangbei County Located in the northwestern part of Hebei Province and on the southeast border of Inner Mongolia Plateau and outside the ancient Great Wall, Zhangbei County is 227km from the national capital of Beijing and finds itself on a south-north communication center. Geographically located at 40º57′~41º34′ north latitude and 114º10′~115º27′ east longitude, Zhangbei County borders on Guyuan County and Shangyi County on the east and west and neighbors Kangbao 3 County on the north and Zhangjiakou City, Chongli County and Wanquan County on the south beyond the Great Wall. The recent years have witnessed the increasing role of Zhangbei County as a transport center. On Nov. 16, 2002, Zhangjiakou-Shijiazhuang Expressway, a national key project, was opened to traffic in its full length thanks to four years of strenuous efforts of construction. Via Zhangjiakou City, Zhangbei County is more closely linked with Beijing and Tianjin. The National Highway No. 207 runs for 47 kilometers through Zhangbei County and connects Zhangbei with Xilinhaote, Zhangjiakou and Xuanhua. In addition, Zhangbei County is the congregating and radiating center of 5 east-west and south-north trunk highways. Relying on its local advantages of mineral resources, agricultural and livestock products and labor forces, Zhangbei County has substantially built up a well-structured and multi-sector industrial system comprising of leather, wool, chemistry, building materials, meat products, garments, foot and head wears, machinery, sugar refinery, vintage, yeast and grease. The County as a whole has more than 40 products honored as top quality products above the municipal level. Zhangbei County is a place bestowed with richmineral resources and has established more than 40 building material and chemical industry enterprises mainly engaged in development of mineral resources. Caijiaying Lead-Zinc Ore Mine, a joint venture with Australia involving a foreign investment of USD 130 million, is one of the large foreign investment projects in Hebei Province. Refractory and insulation material products manufactured from diatomite in Zhangbei County are also found among the top rank in China. More than 20 mineral resources including lead-zinc, goldgold, silver, troilite, fluorite, diatomite, lignite, floatstone, basalt and dolomite have been discovered and proven in Zhangbei County that is known for its abundant reserves of mineral resources. Among the 5 proven lead-zinc ore belts, No. 3 ore belt only is found having a reserve of up to 33,830,000 tons and including gold, silver, lead and zinc, all of which are of top quality and enjoy great prospect of development. 4 Zhangbei was administered by former Chabei District of Chahaer Province in 1945 and now by Zhangjiakou Municipality of Hebei Province. In 2005, Zhangbei was approved by the People’s Government of Hebei Province as one of the first group of counties with expanded power. Known as the “town of military importance in Bashang Area” with a total area of 4,185km2 and a population of 370,000, Zhangbei County administers 18 towns and townships, 366 administrative villages, 1,167 natural villages and a population of 372,000, including an agricultural population of 312,000. Zhangbei County is sited in Zhangbei Town. With 1,665,000 mu of arable land, 1,090,000 mu of forest land and 1,590,000 mu of grass land, Zhangbei County is the meeting point of the agricultural culture of the central plains and the pastoral nomadism culture of the Mongolian Prairie. Convergence of the Mongolian and Han cultures results in the unique local culture in Zhangbei, which is also known as an ideal tourist destination and summer resort. 3. Social and Economic Conditions of the Project Affected Village Groups Permanent acquisition of the collectively-owned grass land under the Project affected villagers of Xincun
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Qiaodong District Central Heating and Housing Supporting Facility
    SFG1344 v4 China Hebei Clean District Heating Project Public Disclosure Authorized Qiaodong District Central Heating and Housing Supporting Facility Construction Project, Zhangjiakou City Public Disclosure Authorized Abbreviated Resettlement Action Plan Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Zhangjiakou Dongyuan Heating Co., Ltd. (ZDHCO) August 2015 ARAP of the World Bank-financed Qiaodong District Central Heating and Indemnificatory Housing Supporting Facility Construction Project, Zhangjiakou City Abbreviations AAOV - Average Annual Output Value AH - Affected Household AP - Affected Person HD - House Demolition LA - Land Acquisition M&E - Monitoring and Evaluation MLS - Minimum Living Security RAP - Resettlement Action Plan ZDHCO - Zhangjiakou Dongyuan Heating Co., Ltd. Units Currency unit = Yuan (RMB) $1.00 = CNY6.15 1 hectare = 15 mu 2 ARAP of the World Bank-financed Qiaodong District Central Heating and Indemnificatory Housing Supporting Facility Construction Project, Zhangjiakou City Contents 1. Overview ................................................................................................................................ 4 2. Background of the Subproject ............................................................................................... 8 2.1 Socioeconomic profile of the subproject area .............................................................. 8 2.2 Background and significance of the Subproject .......................................................... 9 2.3 Components ................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Download the Major Players in the Potato Industry in China Report
    Potential Opportunities for Potato Industry’s Development in China Based on Selected Companies Final Report March 2018 Submitted to: World Potato Congress, Inc. (WPC) Submitted by: CIP-China Center for Asia Pacific (CCCAP) Potential Opportunities for Potato Industry’s Development in China Based on Selected Companies Final Report March 2018 Huaiyu Wang School of Management and Economics, Beijing Institute of Technology 5 South Zhongguancun, Haidian District Beijing 100081, P.R. China [email protected] Junhong Qin Post-doctoral fellow Institute of Vegetables and Flowers Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences 12 Zhongguancun South Street Beijing 100081, P.R. China Ying Liu School of Management and Economics, Beijing Institute of Technology 5 South Zhongguancun, Haidian District Beijing 100081, P.R. China Xi Hu School of Management and Economics, Beijing Institute of Technology 5 South Zhongguancun, Haidian District Beijing 100081, P.R. China Alberto Maurer (*) Chief Scientist CIP-China Center for Asia Pacific (CCCAP) Room 709, Pan Pacific Plaza, A12 Zhongguancun South Street Beijing, P.R. China [email protected] (*) Corresponding author TABLE OF CONTENTS Executive Summary ................................................................................................................................... ii Introduction ................................................................................................................................................ 1 1. The Development of Potato Production in China .......................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Table of Codes for Each Court of Each Level
    Table of Codes for Each Court of Each Level Corresponding Type Chinese Court Region Court Name Administrative Name Code Code Area Supreme People’s Court 最高人民法院 最高法 Higher People's Court of 北京市高级人民 Beijing 京 110000 1 Beijing Municipality 法院 Municipality No. 1 Intermediate People's 北京市第一中级 京 01 2 Court of Beijing Municipality 人民法院 Shijingshan Shijingshan District People’s 北京市石景山区 京 0107 110107 District of Beijing 1 Court of Beijing Municipality 人民法院 Municipality Haidian District of Haidian District People’s 北京市海淀区人 京 0108 110108 Beijing 1 Court of Beijing Municipality 民法院 Municipality Mentougou Mentougou District People’s 北京市门头沟区 京 0109 110109 District of Beijing 1 Court of Beijing Municipality 人民法院 Municipality Changping Changping District People’s 北京市昌平区人 京 0114 110114 District of Beijing 1 Court of Beijing Municipality 民法院 Municipality Yanqing County People’s 延庆县人民法院 京 0229 110229 Yanqing County 1 Court No. 2 Intermediate People's 北京市第二中级 京 02 2 Court of Beijing Municipality 人民法院 Dongcheng Dongcheng District People’s 北京市东城区人 京 0101 110101 District of Beijing 1 Court of Beijing Municipality 民法院 Municipality Xicheng District Xicheng District People’s 北京市西城区人 京 0102 110102 of Beijing 1 Court of Beijing Municipality 民法院 Municipality Fengtai District of Fengtai District People’s 北京市丰台区人 京 0106 110106 Beijing 1 Court of Beijing Municipality 民法院 Municipality 1 Fangshan District Fangshan District People’s 北京市房山区人 京 0111 110111 of Beijing 1 Court of Beijing Municipality 民法院 Municipality Daxing District of Daxing District People’s 北京市大兴区人 京 0115
    [Show full text]
  • Addition of Clopidogrel to Aspirin in 45 852 Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction: Randomised Placebo-Controlled Trial
    Articles Addition of clopidogrel to aspirin in 45 852 patients with acute myocardial infarction: randomised placebo-controlled trial COMMIT (ClOpidogrel and Metoprolol in Myocardial Infarction Trial) collaborative group* Summary Background Despite improvements in the emergency treatment of myocardial infarction (MI), early mortality and Lancet 2005; 366: 1607–21 morbidity remain high. The antiplatelet agent clopidogrel adds to the benefit of aspirin in acute coronary See Comment page 1587 syndromes without ST-segment elevation, but its effects in patients with ST-elevation MI were unclear. *Collaborators and participating hospitals listed at end of paper Methods 45 852 patients admitted to 1250 hospitals within 24 h of suspected acute MI onset were randomly Correspondence to: allocated clopidogrel 75 mg daily (n=22 961) or matching placebo (n=22 891) in addition to aspirin 162 mg daily. Dr Zhengming Chen, Clinical Trial 93% had ST-segment elevation or bundle branch block, and 7% had ST-segment depression. Treatment was to Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit (CTSU), Richard Doll continue until discharge or up to 4 weeks in hospital (mean 15 days in survivors) and 93% of patients completed Building, Old Road Campus, it. The two prespecified co-primary outcomes were: (1) the composite of death, reinfarction, or stroke; and Oxford OX3 7LF, UK (2) death from any cause during the scheduled treatment period. Comparisons were by intention to treat, and [email protected] used the log-rank method. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT00222573. or Dr Lixin Jiang, Fuwai Hospital, Findings Allocation to clopidogrel produced a highly significant 9% (95% CI 3–14) proportional reduction in death, Beijing 100037, P R China [email protected] reinfarction, or stroke (2121 [9·2%] clopidogrel vs 2310 [10·1%] placebo; p=0·002), corresponding to nine (SE 3) fewer events per 1000 patients treated for about 2 weeks.
    [Show full text]
  • (Total: 54) (Up to Nov 12, 2010) Project Name Proj
    Current Location: Project Information Newly Approved Projects by DNA of China (Total: 54) (Up to Nov 12, 2010) Estimated Project Ave. GHG No. Project Name Project Owner CER Buyer Type Reduction (tCO2e/y) Sunan Baiquanmen I & II Sunan County Bundle Small Renewable Climate Corporation 1 Baiquanmen Hydropower 29,913 Hydropower Project in energy Emissions Trading GmbH Development Co., Ltd. Gansu Province Sunan Baiquanmen III & Sunan County IV Bundle Small Renewable Climate Corporation 2 Baiquanmen Hydropower 32,982 Hydropower Project in energy Emissions Trading GmbH Development Co., Ltd. Gansu Province Shandong Laiwu Landfill Methane Shandong Micropowers 3 Gas Recovery and Power recovery & Climate Bridge Ltd. 35,223 New Energy Co., Ltd. Generation Project utilization Hainan Nanzhonghe II & Ledong Jianfengling Renewable 4 III Bundled Hydropower Nanbahe Power Station Climate Bridge Ltd. 36,370 energy Project Development Co., Ltd. Zhoutian 10.5MW Renewable Renhua County Daxing Mitsubishi UFJ Securities 5 31,659 Hydropower Project energy Hydropower Co., Ltd. Co., Ltd. Xinjiang Tuoshenganhe Renewable Huaneng Xinjiang Energy Shell Trading International 6 River Biedieli 671,805 energy Development Co., Ltd. Limited Hydropower Project Kangbao Century Hebei Kangbao Phase I Renewable United Carbon Credits 7 Concord Wind Power Co., 105,380 Wind Farm Project energy Limited Ltd. Jiangsu Dongtai Phase II Renewable Guohua (Jiangsu) Wind 8 Electrabel NV/SA 310,848 Wind Power Project energy Power Co., Ltd. Guohua Chicheng Renewable Guohua (Chicheng) Wind 9 Dushikou West Wind Noble Carbon Credits Limited 103,141 energy Power Co., Ltd. Farm Project Chicheg Dananshan Renewable Guohua (Chicheng) Wind 10 Noble Carbon Credits Limited 100,366 Wind Farm Project energy Power Co., Ltd.
    [Show full text]
  • Up to Jul 25, 2012)
    Current Location: Project Information Newly Approved Projects by DNA of China (Total: 94) (Up to Jul 25, 2012) Estimated Ave. GHG No. Project Name Project Type Project Owner CER Buyer Reduction (tCO2e/y) Guodian Wuqi zhouwan Guodian Shaanxi Wind Sinoda Carbon Capital 1 1st 49.5MW Wind Power Renewable energy 80,930 Power Co., Ltd Pty Ltd Project Guodian Shaanxi Wuqi Guodian Shaanxi Wind Sinoda Carbon Capital 2 Phase II 49.5MW Wind Renewable energy 80,220 Power Co., Ltd. Pty Ltd. Farm Project Guodian Barkol Europe New Energy Santanghu Wind Farm Guodian Hami Energy 3 Renewable energy Investment Capital 111,240 Phase I 49.5MW Wind Development Co., Ltd. Limited Project Guodian Tulufan Daheyan Guodian Qingsong Europe New Energy River Qushou and 4 Renewable energy Tulufan New Energy Co., Investment Capital 178,784 downstream Cascaded Ltd. Limited Hydropower Project Huadian Shangyi Hebei Huadian Shangyi GreenStream Network 5 Wangyueliang Phase I Renewable energy 91,676 Wind Power Co., Ltd. Plc Wind Farm Project Hainan Prefecture HTW 20MW PV Power Hi-Tech Wealth 6 Renewable energy Unilateral project 29,617 Generation Project Photovoltaic Energy Co., Ltd. Ningxia Tongxin (Weizhou) Tianjie Phase I Blue World Carbon 7 Renewable energy Tianjie Group Co., Ltd. 85,176 49.5MW Wind Farm Capital PCC Project China Resources Huilai China Resources New 8 Sanqingshan Wind Power Renewable energy Energy Investment Co., Unilateral project 79,603 Project Ltd. Chulonggou River Jiulong County DOXEN ENERGY 9 Hydroelectric Power Renewable energy Chulonggou Power Co., 50,661 CAPITAL GMBH Station in Jiulong County Ltd. SDIC Dunhuang First SDIC Dunhuang Arreon Carbon Trading 10 Phase and Second Phase Renewable energy Photovoltaic Power 26,129 Limited Bundled Grid-connected Generation Co., Ltd.
    [Show full text]
  • Inter-Metropolitan Land-Price Characteristics and Patterns in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Urban Agglomeration in China
    sustainability Article Inter-Metropolitan Land-Price Characteristics and Patterns in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Urban Agglomeration in China Can Li 1,2 , Yu Meng 1, Yingkui Li 3 , Jingfeng Ge 1,2,* and Chaoran Zhao 1 1 College of Resource and Environmental Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, China 2 Hebei Key Laboratory of Environmental Change and Ecological Construction, Shijiazhuang 050024, China 3 Department of Geography, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +86-0311-8078-7636 Received: 8 July 2019; Accepted: 25 August 2019; Published: 29 August 2019 Abstract: The continuous expansion of urban areas in China has increased cohesion and synergy among cities. As a result, the land price in an urban area is not only affected by the city’s own factors, but also by its interaction with nearby cities. Understanding the characteristics, types, and patterns of urban interaction is of critical importance in regulating the land market and promoting coordinated regional development. In this study, we integrated a gravity model with an improved Voronoi diagram model to investigate the gravitational characteristics, types of action, gravitational patterns, and problems of land market development in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei urban agglomeration region based on social, economic, transportation, and comprehensive land-price data from 2017. The results showed that the gravitational value of land prices for Beijing, Tianjin, Langfang, and Tangshan cities (11.24–63.35) is significantly higher than that for other cities (0–6.09). The gravitational structures are closely connected for cities around Beijing and Tianjin, but loosely connected for peripheral cities.
    [Show full text]
  • Potential Impacts of Climate Change on China Subreportnumber 9
    15z00 CH INA S01 19 Issues and Options in Greenhouse Gas Control Public Disclosure Authorized 'NP Public Disclosure Authorized - -q¢. a a -- Public Disclosure Authorized 6m.-~~~~~~~~~a POTENTIAL IMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON CHINA SUBREPORTNUMBER 9 Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences Public Disclosure Authorized Beijing, China September 1994 CHINA Issues and Options in Greenhouse Gas Emissions Control Potential Impacts of Climate Change on China Report Number 9 by Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences Beijing, China September 1994 Supported by the Global Environment Facility The views expressedherein are those of the authors and do not necessarily representthose of the WorldBank. Copyright1994 Additionalcopies of this reportmay be obtainedfrom The WorldBank Industryand Energy Division China and MongoliaDepartment East Asian and Pacific RegionalOffice 1818H Street,NW Washington,DC 20433 OTHER SUBREPORTSIN TES SERIES: Estimation of Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sinks in China, 1990. August 1994. Report 1. Energy Demand in China: Overview Report, February 1995, forthcoming. Report 2. Energy Efficiency in China: Technical and Sectoral Analysis, August 1994, Report 3. Energy Efficiency in China: Case Studies and Economic Analysis, December 1994. Report 4. Alternative Energy Supply Options to Substitute for Carbon Intensive Fuels, December 1994. Report 5. Greenhouse Gas Control in the Forestry Sector, November 1994. Report 6. Greenhouse Gas Emissions Control in the Agricultural Sector, September 1994. Report 7. Valuing the Health Effects ofAir Pollution: Application to Industrial Energy Efficiency Projects in China, October 1994. Report 8. Residential and Commercial Energy Efficiency Opportunities: Taiyuan Case Study, September1994, Report 10. Pre-Feasibility Study on High Efficiency Industrial Boilers, August 1994. Report 11.
    [Show full text]
  • The Need for Integrated Management for the Endangered Miyun Resevoir
    Quenching Beijing’s Thirst: The Need for Integrated Management for the Endangered Miyun Resevoir By Christoph Peisert and Eva Sternfeld Miyun reservoir, a large reservoir northeast of Beijing municipality, is the Chinese capital’s most important source of drinking water. For many years the Beijing municipal government has made great efforts to protect the reservoir and its catchment area. However, successful implementation has been hampered by numerous user conflicts. This paper investigates the origin and various types of conflicts, which include inter-provincial, city-county disputes, as well as conflicts between county government and local residents living in the water protection zone. The magnitude of these conflicts and continued deteriorating quality of the reservoir underline the need for integrated watershed management approaches as stipulated in the 2002 revised Water Law, and the adoption of a water economy that includes the costs for water protection and compensation for those required to carry out watershed protection activities. he large Miyun reservoir, built during the Great Natural Determinants of the Beijing Water Crisis Leap Forward period (1958-1960) in the Beijing municipality is located in the dry northeast Tnortheast of Beijing municipality, is a critical edge of the North China Plain bordering the Mongolian source of drinking water for the 14 million people living Plateau in central Hebei province. Since the last in this booming metropolis. Considering the huge administrative reforms in 1958, the Chinese capital population reliant on the catchment for drinking water, and its rural hinterland were expanded to cover a total Miyun reservoir is one of the most important water area of 16,800 square kilometers (km2) with about protection areas in the world.
    [Show full text]
  • Waterlogging Risk Assessment of the Beijing-Tianjin- Hebei Urban Agglomeration in the Past 60 Years
    Waterlogging Risk Assessment of the Beijing- Tianjin-Hebei Urban Agglomeration in the Past 60 Years Yujie Wang Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology JIANQING ZHAI ( [email protected] ) National Climate Center, CMA https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7793-3966 Lianchun Song National Climate Center, CMA Research Article Keywords: Hazard, Exposure, Vulnerability, Waterlogging risk, Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Posted Date: February 10th, 2021 DOI: https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-162526/v1 License: This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. Read Full License 1 Waterlogging Risk Assessment of the Beijing-Tianjin- 2 Hebei Urban Agglomeration in the Past 60 Years 3 4 Yujie Wang1,2, Jianqing Zhai 3, Lianchun Song3 5 1 Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster, Ministry of Education/International Joint Research 6 Laboratory on Climate and Environment Change/Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast 7 and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters, Nanjing University of Information Science and 8 Technology, Nanjing 210044, China 9 2 School of Atmospheric Sciences, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, 10 Nanjing 210044, China 11 3 National Climate Center, CMA, Beijing 100081, China 12 13 Corresponding author: Jianqing Zhai E-mail: [email protected] 1 14 ABSTRACT 15 In the context of global climate change and rapid urbanization, the risk of urban 16 waterlogging is one of the main climate risks faced by the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei (BTH) 17 urban agglomeration. In this study, we obtain the urban waterlogging risk index of the 18 BTH urban agglomeration and assess waterlogging risks in the built-up area of the BTH 19 for two time periods (1961–1990 and 1991–2019).
    [Show full text]
  • 49232-001: Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Air Quality Improvement Program
    Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei Air Quality Improvement–Hebei Policy Reforms Program (RRP PRC 49232) SECTOR ASSESSMENT: ENERGY Sector Road Map 1. Sector Performance, Problems, and Opportunities 1. In 2009, the People’s Republic of China (PRC) became the world’s largest energy consumer. In 2014, the PRC consumed 4.26 billion tons of standard coal equivalent (tce), which accounted for 23% of the global energy consumption. As the national government’s effort on improving energy efficiency progresses, the PRC’s energy consumption has grown at a slower rate than the overall economy since 2006. Energy intensity has improved by 13.4% in 2011– 2014 with reduction of 4.9% in 2014 compared to 2013.1 The government launched various command and control measures to address energy conservation, especially in energy intensive secondary industry. A distinctive characteristic of the PRC’s energy sector is its heavy reliance to coal. The share of coal in PRC’s primary energy consumption remained over 70% although the 2014 annual coal consumption declined for the first time in the last 2 decades by 2.9% compared to 2013.2 However the figure is much higher than the global average. The PRC government has set a target to reduce the share of coal in primary energy consumption to 62% by 2020. In parallel, although slowly, the PRC makes gradual progress in increasing the share of renewable energy generation in its energy mix. The PRC became a world leader in wind power, hydropower generation, and in solar photovoltaic manufacturing. The share of non-fossil fuel sources in the PRC’s energy consumption has increased from 7.8% in 2009 to 11.3% in 2014.
    [Show full text]
  • The Impact of Desertification Dynamics on Regional Ecosystem Services: a Case Study of Inner Mongolia (China)
    Chapter 2 The Impact of Desertification Dynamics on Regional Ecosystem Services: A Case Study of Inner Mongolia (China) Duanyang Xu Additional information is available at the end of the chapter http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.74817 Abstract As one of the most important ecosystems of our planet, desert and desertified land have provided critical ecosystem services to support inhabitants of dry lands, and the desertifi- cation dynamics would have greatly impact on regional ecosystem services and economical-social development. In this study, the desertification dynamics in Inner Mon- golia, China, and its impact on regional ecosystem services were analyzed by combining multisource data, GIS, and sensitivity analysis method. The results showed that the total ecosystem service value (ESV) decreased by 67.16 billion yuan from 1981 to 2010, and desertification dynamics had moderate linear correlation with ESV, which caused 23.7% decrease of ESV. The impacts of desertification dynamics on the change of ESV in different subregions had spatial heterogeneity, which had promoting effects in southwest of Inner Mongolia and reverse effects in northeast subregions. The sensitivity of ESV to desertifi- cation dynamics in different subregions also had obvious differences, and subregions with higher vegetation coverage always showed larger SAF (sensitivity coefficient). Different measures, such as reasonably utilizing water and soil resources, adopting water-saving technology, adjusting the industry structure, and developing the ecological industry, should be adopted by the government to control desertification and promote the ecosystem services. Keywords: desertification, ecosystem service, impact, sensitivity, Inner Mongolia 1. Introduction Desertification is land degradation in arid, semiarid, and dry subhumid areas resulting from various factors, including climatic variations and human activities [1, 2].
    [Show full text]