Police Laws and Criminal Procedure: an Abridged Compendium
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Dedicated to the Police Shuhada, the Injured and their Families “This report has been prepared by the Research Society of International Law (RSIL) in collaboration with the National Public Safety Commission and the National Police Bureau, Ministry of Interior, Government of Pakistan.” RESEARCH SOCIETY OF INTERNATIONAL LAW SUPERVISION & EDITING MUHAMMAD OVES ANWAR JAMAL AZIZ DIRECTOR, CONFLICT LAW CENTRE EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR, RSIL SAAD-UR-REHMAN KHAN MUHAMMAD MAJID BASHIR DIRECTOR, INTERNATIONAL LAW SENIOR RESEARCH FELLOW TRAINING CENTRE RESEARCH TEAM BARRISTER ZARNAB AURAKZAI JAHANZAIB DURRANI LL.B (SOAS), BAR-AT-LAW LL.B (LOND.) LL.M (NOTTINGHAM) (LINCOLN’S INN) RESEARCH ASSOCIATE RESEARCH ASSOCIATE FAHD QAISRANI IMAAN MAZARI HAZIR LL.B (LOND.) LL.B (EDINBURGH) RESEARCH ASSOCIATE RESEARCH ASSOCIATE ABID RIZVI B.A/LL.B (LUMS), LLM (PENN) RESEARCH FELLOW NATIONAL POLICE BUREAU SUPERVISION & EDITING DR. SYED KALEEM IMAM, PSP TI, QPM, PPM, UNPM, DIRECTOR, NATIONAL PUBLIC SAFETY COMMISSION, NATIONAL POLICE BUREAU RESEARCH TEAM MIAN ARFAN UL HAQ, SAEED ABBAS BAJWA, SENIOR RESEARCH OFFICER, DEPUTY DIRECTOR (C&I) NATIONAL POLICE BUREAU NATIONAL POLICE BUREAU O you who have believed, be persistently standing firm in justice, witnesses for Allah, even if it be against yourselves or parents and relatives. Whether one is rich or poor, Allah is more worthy of both. So follow not [personal] inclination, lest you not be just. And if you distort [your testimony] or refuse [to give it], then indeed Allah is ever, with what you do, Acquainted. [The Holy Quran,Surah An-Nisa v.135] 1 “You have to stand guard over the development and maintenance of democracy, social justice and the equality of manhood in your own native soil. With faith, discipline and selfless devotion to duty, there is nothing worthwhile that you cannot achieve.” Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah, Malir, Karachi, Sindh February 21, 1948. 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS Acknowledgements .............................................................................................................................................. 6 Messages .............................................................................................................................................................. 7 Foreword ............................................................................................................................................................ 10 About The Research Society of International Law, Pakistan ............................................................................ 11 About the Police (Police Profile) ....................................................................................................................... 12 Chapter 1: General Definitions .......................................................................................................................... 15 Chapter 1.1: Relevant Legal Abbreviations ................................................................................................... 58 Chapter 2: Procedures ........................................................................................................................................ 61 Chapter 2.1: Criminal Procedure under Criminal Procedure Code, 1898 ...................................................... 61 2.1.1 Procedure of First Information Report (FIR) ................................................................................... 61 2.1.2 Arrest................................................................................................................................................ 67 2.1.3 Investigation: .................................................................................................................................... 77 2.1.4 Procedure of Trial by Magistrate ..................................................................................................... 87 2.1.5 Procedure of Bail ............................................................................................................................. 91 2.1.6 Remedies against FIR ...................................................................................................................... 94 Chapter 2.2 Trial Procedure under the Anti-Terrorism Act, 1997 ................................................................. 95 2.2.1 Offences that attract the Anti-Terrorism Act, 1997 ......................................................................... 95 2.2.2 First Information Report (FIR) under the Anti-Terrorism Act, 1997 .............................................. 96 2.2.3 Actions taken under the Anti-Terrorism Act after registration of FIR ............................................ 96 2.2.4 Arrest, Detention, Preventive Detention under the Anti-Terrorism Act, 1997 ................................ 98 2.2.5 Remand ............................................................................................................................................ 99 2.2.6 Investigation ................................................................................................................................... 100 2.2.7 Bail under the Anti-Terrorism Act, 1997 ....................................................................................... 102 2.2.1 Procedure of Trial .......................................................................................................................... 103 Chapter 3: Relevant Articles of The Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, 1973 ......................... 109 Chapter 3.1: Relevant Rules of Business, 1973 ........................................................................................... 114 Chapter 4: Frequently Referenced Laws .......................................................................................................... 115 Chapter 4.1: Frequently used sections of the Pakistan Penal Code, 1860 ................................................... 115 4.1.1 Chart of Cognizable, Bailable and Compoundable Offences ......................................................... 137 Chapter 4.2: Frequently used Sections of Qanun-e-Shahadat Order, 1984 ................................................. 154 Chapter 5: Relevant sections of Special Laws ................................................................................................. 162 5.1 The Explosives Act, 1884 ...................................................................................................................... 162 5.2 The Explosive Substances Act, 1908 ..................................................................................................... 164 5.3 The Probation of Offenders Ordinance, 1960 ........................................................................................ 164 5.4 The Pakistan Criminal Law (Amendment) Act, 1958 ........................................................................... 166 5.5 The West Pakistan Maintenance of Public Order Ordinance, 1960 ....................................................... 169 3 5.6 Pakistan Arms Ordinance, 1965............................................................................................................. 176 5.7 The Criminal Law (Special Provisions) Ordinance, 1968 Sections: ..................................................... 180 5.8 Federal Investigation Agency Act, 1974 ................................................................................................ 183 5.9 The Prevention of Anti-National Activities Act, 1974 .......................................................................... 184 5.10 The Suppression of Terrorists Activities (Special Courts) Act, 1975 .................................................. 186 5.11 The Prevention of Gambling Act, 1977 ............................................................................................... 186 5.12 Prohibition (Enforcement of Hadd) Order, 1979 ................................................................................. 187 5.13 Offences Against Property (Enforcement of Hudood) Ordinance, 1979 ............................................. 189 5.14 The Offence of Zina (Enforcement of Hudood) Ordinace, 1979 ......................................................... 192 5.15 The Offence of Qazf (Enforcement of Hadd) Ordinance, 1979 ........................................................... 194 5.16 The Special Courts for Speedy Trials Act, 1987.................................................................................. 196 5.17 The Terrorist Affected Areas (Special Courts) Act, 1992 ................................................................... 197 5.18 The Anti-Narcotics Force Act, 1997 .................................................................................................... 199 5.19 The Control of Narcotic Substances Act, 1997 .................................................................................... 203 5.20 The Anti-Terrorism Act, 1997 ............................................................................................................. 213 5.21 The Juvenile Justice System Ordinance, 2000 ..................................................................................... 213 5.22 The Juvenile Justice Rules, 2001 ......................................................................................................... 214 5.23 The Prevention and Control of Human Trafficking Ordinance, 2002 ................................................. 215 5.24 The Prevention and Control of Human Trafficking Rules, 2004 ........................................................